Journal articles: '004.657, 004.654'

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Righetti, Stefano, Elisabetta Montemerlo, Federica Soffici, Davide Sala, Alessandro Bozzano, Andrea Mauro, Elena Maggioni, et al. "Outcomes Related to Antiplatelet Therapy in a High-Risk ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Population: A Retrospective Real-World Analysis of an Italian ECMO Center." Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 25, no. 3 (December 23, 2019): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1074248419896129.

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Aim: To evaluate outcomes related to antiplatelet therapy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) admitted to the San Gerardo Hospital in Monza, an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) reference center in the Monza-Brianza area. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients with STEMI hospitalized between 2013 and 2017. Results: This study included 653 patients (mean age: 67.5 years, 71% male). Across the study period, ticagrelor use showed consistent increases, from 22% of patients during 2013 to 85% in 2017. Cardiac arrest prehospitalization occurred in 100 patients (15.3%), either at home (n = 85, 13.0%) or during transfer (n = 15, 2.3%); 46 patients underwent ECMO for refractory cardiac arrest. Rates of 90-day survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3-4.4, P = .004) and ST resolution (odds ratio [OR]: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6-4.1, P = .000) were higher with ticagrelor than with other antiplatelet agents. When analyzed by each agent, patients on ticagrelor had longer survival (HR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8, P = .008) than patients on clopidogrel and more frequent ST resolution than those on clopidogrel or prasugrel (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.7, P = .002 and OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.7, P = .006). There was no difference in mortality between ticagrelor and prasugrel. Conclusions: Changes in the treatment of high-risk patients with STEMI over time are in line with changes in treatment guidelines. In these patients, ticagrelor is associated with significantly improved 90-day mortality compared with clopidogrel.

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Okuno, Motoki, Tomonari Inamura, Hiroyasu Kanetaka, and Hideki Hosoda. "Compression Behavior and Texture Development of Polymer Matrix Composites Based on NiMnGa Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy Particles." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2103.

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Deformation behavior and texture development of NiMnGa ferromagnetic shape memory alloy (FSMA) particles embedded polymer composites were investigated by compression tests and X-ray diffraction pole-figure analysis (XRD-PF). Both the NiMnGa/silicone and NiMnGa/epoxy composites exhibited a characteristic three-stage deformation which is often seen in shape memory alloys due to martensite variant reorientation. XRD-PF revealed that (004) texture was developed in the compressed NiMnGa/silicone due to the retention of martensite variant reorientation. On the other hand, significant texture change was not recognized in the compressed NiMnGa/epoxy. Rearranged martensite variants was kept after unloading in silicone matrix having low Young's modulus, but reverse reorientation occurred in epoxy matrix with high Young's modulus. The rearrangement behavior of martensite variants is strongly affected by elastic properties of matrix.

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Adelman, Chana R., and Thomas Kubiszyn. "Factors That Affect Age of Identification of Children With an Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Early Intervention 39, no. 1 (November 22, 2016): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1053815116675461.

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This study explored factors associated with age of identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results of a one-way ANOVA indicated differences in age of diagnosis among the four regions in the United States, F(3, 650) = 7.618, p = .01. Tukey’s post hoc comparisons of the groups indicated that the mean age of diagnosis in the Midwest ( M = 38.9 months or 3 years, 3 months) was significantly later than in the Northeast ( M = 32.75 months or 2 years, 9 months, p = .000) and South ( M = 33.26 months or 2 years, 9 months, p = .000). Results of a Pearson correlation indicated a significant negative correlation ( r = −.409, n = 654, p = .000) between date of birth and age of diagnosis, with more recent birthdays associated with lower age of diagnosis. Regression results were statistically significant, F(25, 620) = 7.549, p < .001, R2 = .233, with some factors predicting earlier age of diagnosis and some factors predicting later diagnosis.

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Wasserfallen, Jean-Blaise, Mira Kast-Brückner, Oriol Manuel, Jean-Pierre Venetz, Pascal R. A. Meylan, and Manuel Pascual. "Cost-effectiveness of a new combined immunosuppressive and anti-infectious regimen in kidney transplantation." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 24, no. 03 (July 2008): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462308080410.

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Objectives:The aims of this study were to assess the 1-year cost-effectiveness of a new combined immunosuppressive and anti-infectious regimen in kidney transplantation to prevent both rejection and infectious complications.Methods:Patients (pts) transplanted from January 2000 to March 2003 (Group A) and treated with a conventional protocol were compared with pts submitted to a combined regimen including universal cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis between April 2003 and July 2005 (Group B). Costs were computed from the hospital accounting system for hospital stays, and official tariffs for outpatient visits. Patients with incomplete costs data were excluded from analysis.Results:Fifty-three patients were analyzed in Group A, and 60 in Group B. Baseline characteristics including CMV serostatus were not significantly different between the two groups. Over 12 months after transplantation, acute rejections decreased from 41.5 percent in Group A to 6.7 percent in Group B (p< .001), and CMV infections from 47 percent to 15 percent (p< .001). Overall, readmissions decreased from 68 percent to 55 percent (p= .160), and average hospital days from 28 ± 19 to 20 ± 11 days (p< .007). The average number of outpatient visits decreased from 49 ± 10 to 39 ± 8 (p< .001). Average 1-year immunosuppressive and CMV prophylaxis costs (per patient) increased from CHF20,402 ± 7,273 to 27,375 ± 6,063 (p< .001), graft rejection costs decreased from CHF4,595 ± 10,182 to 650 ± 3,167 (p= .005), CMV treatment costs from CHF2,270 ± 6,161 to 101 ± 326 (p= .008), and outpatient visits costs from CHF8,466 ± 1’721 to 6,749 ± 1,159 (p< .001). Altogether, 1-year treatment costs decreased from CHF39’957 ± 16,573 to 36,204 ± 6,901 (p= .115).Conclusions: The new combined regimen administered in Group B was significantly more effective, and its additional costs were more than offset by savings associated with complications avoidance.

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Seibel, Nita L., Peter G. Steinherz, Harland N. Sather, James B. Nachman, Cynthia DeLaat, Lawrence J. Ettinger, David R. Freyer, et al. "Early postinduction intensification therapy improves survival for children and adolescents with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Oncology Group." Blood 111, no. 5 (March 1, 2008): 2548–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-02-070342.

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Longer and more intensive postinduction intensification (PII) improved the outcome of children and adolescents with “higher risk” acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and a slow marrow response to induction therapy. In the Children's Cancer Group study (CCG-1961), we tested longer versus more intensive PII, using a 2 × 2 factorial design for children with higher risk ALL and a rapid marrow response to induction therapy. Between November 1996 and May 2002, 2078 children and adolescents with newly diagnosed ALL (1 to 9 years old with white blood count 50 000/ or more, or 10 years of age or older with any white blood count) were enrolled. After induction, 1299 patients with marrow blasts less than or equal to 25% on day 7 of induction (rapid early responders) were randomized to standard or longer duration (n = 651 + 648) and standard or increased intensity (n = 649 + 650) PII. Stronger intensity PII improved event-free survival (81% vs 72%, P < .001) and survival (89% vs 83%, P = .003) at 5 years. Differences were most apparent after 2 years from diagnosis. Longer duration PII provided no benefit. Stronger intensity but not prolonged duration PII improved outcome for patients with higher-risk ALL. This study is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00002812.

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Na, Ling, Lixia Yang, Linke Yu, Kathryn Bolton, Weiguo Zhang, and Peizhong Peter Wang. "The Appraisal and Endorsement of Individual and Public Preventive Measures to Combat COVID-19 and the Associated Psychological Predictors among Chinese Living in Canada." Open Public Health Journal 14, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 592–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502114010592.

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Aims: The study examines the factors related to the appraisal and adherence of the individual and public health preventive measures. Background: The effectiveness of the measures battling the pandemic was largely determined by the voluntary compliance of the public. Objectives: This study aimed to identify psychological perception factors related to the appraisal of individual measures and endorsement of public health measures during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese living in Canada. Methods: A convenience sample of 656 participants completed an online survey. Nonparametric Kruskal Wallis tests were used to compare COVID perception variables (e.g., perceived susceptibility, fear, perceived severity, and information confusion) among different sociodemographic subgroups. Bootstrapped regression models were used to assess the association of these variables with outcome measures. Results: Compared to their counterpart groups, lower perceived susceptibility was reported by adults 65 years and older (p = .002) or retired (p = .015); greater fear was reported by females (p = .044), those with lower education (p = .001), and Mainland Chinese (p = .033); greater perceived severity was reported by individuals with lower education and smaller household size (ps = .003). Perceived susceptibility was inversely associated with individual measure appraisal (p = .032). Perceived severity was positively associated with individual measure appraisal (p = .005) and public measure endorsement (p < .001). Conclusion: Individual behaviour measure appraisal was predicted by lower perceived susceptibility and higher perceived severity, whereas public health measure endorsement was related to higher perceived severity. These results inform the public and the policymakers about the critical factors that affect the preventive measure appraisal and endorsement.

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Kinzig, Wolfram. "Die Verpflichtungserklärungen der getauften Juden von Toledo aus den Jahren 637 und 654." Frühmittelalterliche Studien 53, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fmst-2019-001.

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Franko, Jan, Qian Shi, Jeffrey P. Meyers, Volker Heinemann, Alfredo Falcone, Niall C. Tebbutt, Tim Maughan, et al. "Prognostic value of isolated peritoneal versus other metastatic sites in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated by systemic chemotherapy: Findings from 9,265 pts in the ARCAD database." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2016): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.656.

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656 Background: Patients (pts) with peritoneal metastases from CRC (pmCRC) have reduced OS compared to mCRC pts without peritoneal involvement. Here we further investigated the impact of number and location of metastases among pts receiving first-line systemic chemotherapy. Methods: Individual patient data were available on 9,265 pts (median age 64; 63% male; 93% ECOG PS 0-1; 68% colon primary tumor; brain metastases excluded) enrolled onto 12 first-line randomized trials (4 tested targeted regimens). Stratified multivariable Cox models were used to assess the associations with overall survival (OS); adjusted hazard ratios (HRadj) and 95% confidence intervals are reported (CI). Results: There were 7,963 (86%) pts with non-pmCRC (3,904 with one disease site; 4,059 with ≥2 disease sites), 191 (2%) pts with isolated pmCRC, and 1,111 (12%) non-isolated pmCRC. These groups were similar in age, race, and use of targeted chemotherapy. Compared to non-pmCRC, pts with pmCRC were more likely to be female (41% vs. 36%, p<.001), have colon primary tumors (85% vs. 67%, p<.0001), and have PS2 (10% vs. 6%, p<.0001). Compared to isolated pmCRC, pts with solitary non-peritoneal sites (both M1a) had significantly better OS (HRadj=0.78; CI, 0.64-0.94, p=.009) while pts with ≥2 non-peritoneal sites had similar OS (HRadj=1.06; CI 0.88-1.28, p=.535). OS of pts with pmCRC with a single other disease site (n=446) was similar to isolated pmCRC (HRadj=1.13; CI 0.91-1.40, p=.28), but those with pmCRC + ≥2 additional disease sites (n=665) had shortest survival (HRadj=1.44; CI 1.17-1.77, p<.001). A combination of peritoneal and liver metastases (n=821; HRadj=1.37, CI 1.12-1.67, p=.002) was associated with poorer survival compared with isolated pmCRC; but combination with extrahepatic sites (n=290; HRadj=1.15, CI 0.91-1.45, p=.25) was not. Conclusions: pmCRC pts have significantly worse survival than those with other solitary site mCRC. Among those with multiple disease sites, poorer survival is a function of increased number of metastatic sites and peritoneal involvement, which indicates prognostic heterogeneities among M1b pts.

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Kadakia, Aditi, Qi Fan, Jason Shepherd, Hollie Bailey, Carole Dembek, and Rhys Williams. "Real-World Outcomes Associated with Cognitive Impairment Among Patients with Schizophrenia." CNS Spectrums 27, no. 2 (April 2022): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852922000694.

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AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between cognitive impairment and hospitalizations, quality of life and satisfaction with life among patients with schizophrenia.MethodsA point-in-time survey was conducted between July and October 2019 via the Adelphi Schizophrenia Disease Specific Programme across the USA. Patients were stratified as mild or severe based on the level of cognitive impairment reported by their psychiatrist (normal, mild = mild; moderate, severe, very severe = severe). Multiple regression analysis was used to model the association between cognitive impairment and outcomes, adjusting for baseline characteristics.ResultsData were provided by 124 psychiatrists for 651 mildly and 484 severely impaired patients with schizophrenia; PSCs were completed by 349 mildly and 206 severely impaired patients. Severe cognitive impairment was associated with increased odds of hospitalization due to schizophrenia relapse since diagnosis (2.10 odds ratio [OR], P = .004) and within 12 months (1.95 OR, P < .001) compared to mild impairment. Moreover, patients with severe cognitive impairment had poorer quality of life according to the EuroQoL 5-dimension (EQ-5D) Health Index (−0.085 coefficient, P < .001) and EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale (−6.24 coefficient, P = .041) compared to patients with mild cognitive impairment. Severe cognitive impairment was also associated with lower overall life satisfaction according to the Quality-of-Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (−8.13 coefficient, P = .006) compared to mild cognitive impairment.ConclusionSchizophrenia patients with severe cognitive impairment had more hospitalizations due to relapse than patients with mild cognitive impairment. Additionally, patients with severe cognitive impairment had significantly lower quality of life and overall satisfaction with life compared to patients with mild cognitive impairment.FundingSunovion Pharmaceuticals

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Kadakia, Aditi, Qi Fan, Angela Fan, Jason Shepherd, Hollie Bailey, Carole Dembek, and Rhys Williams. "Healthcare Resource Use and Quality of Life Associated with Cognitive Impairment Among Patients with Schizophrenia." CNS Spectrums 27, no. 2 (April 2022): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852922000190.

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AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between cognitive impairment and hospitalizations, quality of life and satisfaction with life among patients with schizophrenia.MethodsA point-in-time survey was conducted between July and October 2019 via the Adelphi Schizophrenia Disease Specific Programme across the United States of America. Patients were stratified as mild or severe based on the level of cognitive impairment reported by their psychiatrist (normal, mild = mild; moderate, severe, very severe = severe). Multiple regression analysis was used to model the association between cognitive impairment and outcomes, adjusting for baseline characteristics.ResultsData were provided by 124 psychiatrists for 651 mildly and 484 severely impaired patients with schizophrenia; PSCs were completed by 349 mildly and 206 severely impaired patients. Severe cognitive impairment was associated with increased odds of hospitalization due to schizophrenia relapse since diagnosis (2.10 odds ratio [OR], P = .004) and within 12 months (1.95 OR, P < .001) compared to mild impairment. Moreover, patients with severe cognitive impairment had poorer quality of life according to the EuroQoL 5-dimension (EQ-5D) Health Index (−0.085 coefficient, P < .001) and EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale (−6.24 coefficient, P = .041) compared to patients with mild cognitive impairment. Severe cognitive impairment was also associated with lower overall life satisfaction according to the Quality-of-Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (−8.13 coefficient, P = .006) compared to mild cognitive impairment.ConclusionSchizophrenia patients with severe cognitive impairment had more hospitalizations due to relapse than patients with mild cognitive impairment. Additionally, patients with severe cognitive impairment had significantly lower quality of life and overall satisfaction with life compared to patients with mild cognitive impairment.FundingSunovion Pharmaceuticals

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Myagkov, V. G., L. E. Bykova, V. S. Zhigalov, I. A. Tambasov, G. N. Bondarenko, and A. A. Matsynin. "Fourfold Magnetic Anisotropy of CoPd Alloy, Obtained by Solid State Reactions in Epitaxal Pd/hcp-Сo and Pd/fcc-Co Bilayers." Solid State Phenomena 233-234 (July 2015): 571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.233-234.571.

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The solid-state reaction between epitaxial hcp-Co (110) and fcc-Co (001) thin films and Pd layers was investigated at annealing temperatures between 250 and 650 °C using X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. No significant intermixing of the layers occurs at annealing temperatures below 400 °C. For the atomic composition 1Co:1Pd after annealing at 450 °C the disordered solid solution fcc-CoxPd1-x is formed on the Pd/hcp-Co (110) and Pd/fcc-Co (001) interfaces. Epitaxial relationships CoPd (110)〈-111〉 || MgO(001)〈100〉 and CoPd (001)〈100〉 || MgO(001)〈100〉 between the nucleated disordered phase CoPd and the substrate MgO(001) were determined for Pd/hcp-Co (110) and Pd/fcc-Co (001) bilayers, respectively. The first magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant of the disordered CoPd phase K1CoPd = - (1.8 ± 0.4)·104 J/m3 for the (110) and (001) orientations was obtained.

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Nasseri, Ryan, Ahmet Bindayi, Kendrick Yim, Stephen Ryan, Madhumitha Reddy, Eric Ballon-Landa, Addison Yee, Fang Wan, James Proudfoot, and Ithaar Derweesh. "Evaluating neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of 30-day high-grade complications following renal surgery." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2018): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.659.

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659 Background: Radical nephrectomy (RN) and partial nephrectomy (PN) for patients with renal cortical masses may carry significant risk for postoperative complications. We analyzed patient demographics and serum laboratories and morphometric measures to determine predictors of 30-day complications following RN and PN. Methods: Single institution retrospective analysis of RNs and PNs between 7/2008-4/2017. Demographic and clinical characteristics, serum laboratories, and RENAL nephrometry score were recorded. 30-day complications were graded according to the modified Clavien classification system. Primary purpose was to identify predictive factors associated with 30-day complications overall. Secondary purposes included identification of predictive factors high-grade complications (HGC; Clavien ≥3) overall and in the PN group. Factors were screened with logistic regression analysis. Results: 814 patients were analyzed (460 PN, 354 RN). 190 (23%) patients experienced 30-day complications, 107/460 (23%) PN and 83/354 (24%) RN (p = 0.951). Albumin level ≤3.5 mg/dL was predictive of overall complications (OR = 4.803, p = .008), while minimally invasive surgery (MIS) was negatively associated (OR 0.444, p < .001). Overall, 76 (9.3%) HGCs occurred, 52/460 (11%) in PN and 24/354 (6.8%) in RN (p = .028). Preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) of ≥2.78 (OR 3.216, p = .016) was a predictor of HGCs overall. MIS was negatively associated with HGCs (OR 0.444, p > .001). In the PN group only MIS was negatively associated with overall complications (OR 0.323, p < .001) and HGCs (OR 0.259, p < .001). Conclusions: While decreased serum albumin was predictive of overall complications in patients undergoing PN and RN, elevated preoperative NLR is a novel predictor for HGC. Use of serum markers may be incorporated in preoperative risk stratification counseling and nomograms.

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Sevilla-Llewellyn-Jones, Julia, Olga Santesteban-Echarri, Ingrid Pryor, Patrick McGorry, and Mario Alvarez-Jimenez. "Web-Based Mindfulness Interventions for Mental Health Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." JMIR Mental Health 5, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): e10278. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/10278.

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Background Web-based mindfulness interventions are increasingly delivered through the internet to treat mental health conditions. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of web-based mindfulness interventions in clinical mental health populations. Secondary aims were to explore the impact of study variables on the effectiveness of web-based mindfulness interventions. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating the effects of web-based mindfulness interventions on clinical populations. Results The search strategy yielded 12 eligible studies. Web-based mindfulness interventions were effective in reducing depression in the total clinical sample (n=656 g=−0.609, P=.004) and in the anxiety disorder subgroup (n=313, g=−0.651, P<.001), but not in the depression disorder subgroup (n=251, P=.18). Similarly, web-based mindfulness interventions significantly reduced anxiety in the total clinical sample (n=756, g=−0.433, P=.004) and the anxiety disorder subgroup (n=413, g=−0.719, P<.001), but not in the depression disorder group (n=251, g=−0.213, P=.28). Finally, web-based mindfulness interventions improved quality of life and functioning in the total sample (n=591, g=0.362, P=.02) in the anxiety disorder subgroup (n=370, g=0.550, P=.02) and mindfulness skills in the total clinical sample (n=251, g=0.724, P<.001). Conclusions Results support the effectiveness of web-based mindfulness interventions in reducing depression and anxiety and in enhancing quality of life and mindfulness skills, particularly in those with clinical anxiety. Results should be interpreted with caution given the high heterogeneity of web-based mindfulness interventions and the low number of studies included.

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Bhusal, Chet Kant, and Sigma Bhattarai. "Factors Affecting Unmet Need of Family Planning Among Married Tharu Women of Dang District, Nepal." International Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2018 (September 23, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9312687.

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Background. Increase in population plays a decisive role in providing universal access to reproductive health; however, there is very limited evidence about the reason of unmet need among marginalized and tribal communities such as Tharus. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting unmet need of family planning among married Tharu women of Dang, Nepal. Methods. Community-based cross-sectional household survey among 650 married Tharu women of age group 15-49 in October 2015 to April 2016 was conducted in Dang district, Nepal. Randomly 3 wards were selected from each Tulsipur municipality, Hekuli Village Development Committee, and Pawan Nagar VDC. Results. The mean age and parity were 30±7.31 and 2±0.69, respectively. Out of 650 women, 47% were using contraceptives. Westoff model was used for calculating total unmet need which is 49%, where unmet need for limiting and spacing was 27% and 22%, respectively. Hence after combining the current users and total unmet need, total demand for family planning was 96%. After adjustment, significant relation was observed between number of living sons ≥ 1 and unmet need of family planning (OR= 0.4; CI=0.2-0.8, p=0.01 ), similarly for women education; lower secondary level (OR=0.3; CI=0.1-0.6, p=0.01) and secondary (OR=0.1; CI=0.03-0.4, p=0.01); husband education, lower secondary level (OR=0.3; CI=0.1-0.6, p=0.01) and secondary (OR=0.4; CI= 0.2-0.9, p=0.04); and husband occupation, wage labor (OR=0.6; CI=0.4-0.99, p=0.05). In addition, having very good knowledge about method was also significantly associated (OR=0.49; CI= 0.2-0.97, p= 0.04). Conclusion. Unmet need of family planning was significantly higher among less than secondary educated women. It is also predisposed by spouse education, partner’s occupation, and number of living sons. This study concerns the need for all stake holders to focus on strategic behavior communication program regarding reproductive health.

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Sinharoy, Shubhayu, Pauline Virro-Nic, and Walter W. Milligan. "Deformation and strength behavior of two nickel-base turbine disk alloys at 650 °C." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 32, no. 8 (August 2001): 2021–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-001-0014-0.

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van Hoof, P. A. M., G. C. Van de Steene, K. M. Exter, M. J. Barlow, T. Ueta, M. A. T. Groenewegen, W. K. Gear, et al. "AHerschelstudy of NGC 650." Astronomy & Astrophysics 560 (November 28, 2013): A7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201221023.

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Wang, Zhi Fen, Rong Dong Han, Ping He Li, Ji Xiong Liu, and Yi Qiang Sun. "Texture Distribution and Development through the Thickness of Grain Oriented Silicon Steel." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2354–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2354.

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The texture distribution and development of grain oriented silicon steel with different production stages have been investigated by electron backscatter diffraction technique (EBSD). The results indicated that below the surface the intensity of {001}<110> of α-fiber was strongest with a amount of {110}<001> texture and γ-fiber. After first cold rolling and normalizing, in the corresponding position the {110}<001> texture and γ-fiber appeared again. The {110}<001> grains and γ-fiber after decarb-annealing was helpful to accelerate the abnormal growth of second grain nucleation.

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Chen, Mo, Sijia Feng, Yuzhou Chen, Zheci Ding, Yuxue Xie, Jiwu Chen, Yinghui Hua, Jun Chen, Jianjun Yang, and Shiyi Chen. "Sex-Based Differences in Clinical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Anterior Shoulder Stabilization: Results at 5-Year Follow-up." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 232596712110088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671211008841.

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Background: The influence of patient sex on clinical outcomes after arthroscopic anterior shoulder stabilization is unclear. Purpose: To investigate sex-based differences in clinical outcomes after arthroscopic anterior shoulder stabilization. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among 76 patients who underwent arthroscopic anterior shoulder stabilization from February 2010 to December 2017. The patients were grouped by sex. The recurrence rate of instability was compared, as were pre- and postoperative pain scores, functional outcome scores, and active range of motion (ROM). Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also performed for structural assessment of the glenohumeral joint. Results: No significant difference was found in the recurrence rate between female and male patients (13.3% vs 14.8%; P ≥ .999; risk ratio, 1.107 [95% CI, 0.266-4.597]). Compared with male patients, female patients had a significantly lower preoperative Constant score (94.4 ± 6.4 vs 85.4 ± 11.1; P = .002), forward flexion (173.8° ± 10.7° vs 154.0° ± 33.8°; P = .011), abduction (171.0° ± 18.4° vs 142.7° ± 39.9°; P = .001), and external rotation (76.6° ± 21.6° vs 67.7° ± 20.4°; P = .037). Postoperatively, female patients had a significantly lower Simple Shoulder Test score compared with men (8.8 ± 1.9 vs 10.3 ± 1.6; P = .005). The mean changes from pre- to postoperative Rowe score (43.6 ± 21.4 vs 31.5 ± 19.8; P = .044), Constant score (9.9 ± 8.9 vs 0.8 ± 8.1; P = .002), forward flexion (24.0 ± 36.2 vs 4.2 ± 10.9; P = .013), abduction (36.0 ± 38.3 vs 7.6 ± 18.4; P < .001), and external rotation (19.7 ± 21.3 vs 6.7 ± 26.2; P = .023) in female patients were significantly higher than those in the men. There were no sex-based differences on any MRI parameter measured. Conclusion: Female patients had a similar recurrence rate as that of male patients after arthroscopic anterior shoulder stabilization. Most postoperative clinical outcome measures showed no significant difference between the sexes. Despite worse preoperative values, more significant improvements in postoperative shoulder function and active ROM were seen in women.

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Wu, Size, Dongsheng Zuo, and Yamin Hong. "The Prevalence of Hyperechoic Rim in Solid Focal Liver Lesions and Its Implication." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 35, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479318798365.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and clinical implications of the hyperechoic rim of liver focal solid lesions. A retrospective review was conducted of sonograms of focal liver lesions with a hyperechoic rim, as well as relative examinations such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, biopsy, resection, and histopathology reports. A cohort of 10 232 patients was found to have solid focal liver lesions (2030 malignant, 8202 benign). A hyperechoic rim was determined in 182 hemangiomas, 2 granulomas, 2 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), and 4 other malignancies. There were significant differences between malignant and benign lesions ( P < .001), between HCCs and hemangiomas ( P < .001), between malignancies and hemangiomas ( P < .001), between HCCs and granulomas ( P = .044), and between other malignancies and granulomas ( P = .005). There was no significant difference between liver granulomas and hemangiomas ( P = .656). In this study, a hyperechoic rim in solid focal liver lesions appeared mainly in hemangiomas, granulomas, and rarely in malignant lesions.

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Bender, Matthew T., Robert W. Young, David A. Zarrin, Jessica K. Campos, Justin M. Caplan, Judy Huang, Rafael J. Tamargo, Li-Mei Lin, Geoffrey P. Colby, and Alexander L. Coon. "Twisting: Incidence and Risk Factors of an Intraprocedural Challenge Associated With Pipeline Flow Diversion of Cerebral Aneurysms." Neurosurgery 88, no. 1 (July 13, 2020): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyaa309.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Pipeline Embolization Device (PED; Medtronic) “twisting” manifests with the appearance of a “figure 8” in perpendicular planes on digital subtraction angiography. This phenomenon has received little attention in the literature, requires technical precision to remediate, and has potential to cause ischemic stroke if not properly remediated. OBJECTIVE To report incidence, risk factors, and sequelae of PED twisting and to discuss techniques to remediate a PED twist. METHODS Case images were reviewed for instances of twisting from a prospectively-maintained, Institutional Review Board-approved cohort of patients undergoing flow diversion for cerebral aneurysm. RESULTS From August 2011 to December 2017, 999 PED flow diverting stents were attempted in 782 cases for 653 patients. A total of 25 PED twists were observed while treating 20 patients (2.50%, 25/999). Multivariate analysis revealed predictors of twisting to be: Large and giant aneurysms (odds ratio (OR) = 9.66, P = .005; OR = 27.47, P < .001), increased PED length (OR = 1.14, P < .001), and advanced patient age (OR = 1.07, P = .002). Twisted PEDs were able to be remediated 75% of the time, and procedural success was achieved in 90% of cases. PED twisting was not found to be a significant cause of major or minor complications. However, at long-term follow-up, there was a trend towards poor occlusion outcomes for the cases that encountered twisting. CONCLUSION Twisting is a rare event during PED deployment that was more likely to occur while treating large aneurysms with long devices in older patients. While twisting did not lead to major complications in this study, remediation can be challenging and may be associated with inferior occlusion outcomes.

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Mutirangura, Pramook, Chanean Ruangsetakit, Chumpol Wongwanit, Nuttawut Sermsathanasawadi, and Khamin Chinsakchai. "Comparative Study of the Management of Diabetic versus Nondiabetic Patients with Atherosclerosis Obliterans of the Lower Extremities." Vascular 16, no. 6 (December 1, 2008): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/6670.2008.00062.

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The aim of this study was to identify the influence of diabetes mellitus on patients with atherosclerosis obliterans (ASO) of the lower extremities. A prospective study was designed to compare differences between ASO patients with and without diabetes mellitus in regard to clinical characteristics and outcomes of management. Two hundred fifty-three consecutive (61.1%) diabetic and 161 (38.9%) nondiabetic patients were included in this study. Crural artery occlusion occurred more frequently in diabetic patients (tibioperoneal segment 26.5% vs 14.3%; p = .003). Diabetic patients had higher comorbidities, such as ischemic heart disease, disabling stroke, and renal failure. Infection requiring urgent surgical intervention was higher in diabetic patients (39.1% vs 24.2%; p = .001). This required primary major amputation in limb-threatening ischemia superimposed with infection (27.6% vs 17.7%; p = .037). The feasibility (67.2% vs 69.8%; p = .651) and success (74.4% vs 79.0%; p = .481) of revascularization between the two groups were comparable. Diabetic patients often needed more distal revascularization for limb salvage (34.4% vs 18.5%; p = .019). The mortality rate after revascularization was higher in diabetic patients (13.3% vs 2.5%; p = .009). Diabetes mellitus per se has no direct impact on limb salvageability in limb-threatening ischemia. The parity of feasibility and success in revascularization between the two groups should encourage attempts at limb salvage revascularization in diabetic patients.

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Jun, Joong Hwan, and Min Ha Lee. "Effect of Bi Addition on Thermal Stability and Tensile Ductility of Mg-3%Zn-0.4%Zr Alloy." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 647–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.647.

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Thermal stability of  grains and tensile ductilities at room and elevated temperatures were investigated and compared for Mg-3%Zn-0.4%Zr and Mg-3%Zn-0.4%Zr-1%Bi alloys in hot-rolled state. The Bi-added alloy showed slightly finer-grained microstructure with enhanced thermal stability, which is closely associated with fine Mg-Bi compounds acting as obstacles for the migration of grain boundaries. The Mg-3%Zn-0.4%Zr-1%Bi alloy exhibited better tensile strength at room temperature and tensile ductilities at elevated temperature. Finer and more homogeneous grain structure with higher thermal stability would be responsible for the enhanced tensile properties in the Bi-added alloy.

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Rao, K. P., K. Suresh, Norbert Hort, and Karl Ulrich Kainer. "Effect of Minor Additions of Al and Si on the Mechanical Properties of Cast Mg-3Sn-2Ca Alloys in Low Temperature Range." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.635.

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The Mg-Sn-Ca alloys have shown superior creep properties compared to the creep resistant alloy AE42. In the present study, the effects of small amounts of Al and Si additions on the mechanical properties have been investigated on a Mg-3Sn-2Ca (TX32) alloy. The Al content in the selected alloys was 0.4 wt% and the Si content was varied from 0–0.8 wt% in steps of 0.2 wt.%. The alloys were cast in pre-heated permanent molds. Cylindrical specimens machined from the cast billets were tested in compression in the temperature range 25–250 °C at a strain rate of 0.0001 s–1. The alloy with 0.4 wt% Al shows an increased strength at all test temperatures compared with the TX32 base alloy. This is attributed to a solid solution strengthening of Al in Mg. The alloy with 0.4 wt% Al and 0.2 wt% Si has compressive strength that is closer to that of the TX32 alloy. However, increased additions of Si (from 0.4–0.8 wt%) reduce the strength, more significantly at higher temperatures.

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Thongtem, Titipun, and Somchai Thongtem. "Characterization of Li_1-xNi_1+xO₂ Prepared by Using Tartaric Acid as a Complexing Agent." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.118.

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Li1-xNi1+xO2 powder was prepared by using tartaric acid as a complexing agent. A 1 : 1 : 2 mole ratio of Li : Ni : tartaric acid was used to form carboxylate precursors which were calcined at 650–800 oC for 14–48 h. TGA of the precursors showed that formation of Li1-xNi1+xO2 initiates at 600 oC and above. By using XRD, Li1-xNi1+xO2 with 650–800 oC calcination was detected. Calculated intensity ratios of I(003)/I(104) and I(006+102)/I(101) showed that the best condition is at 750 oC for 34 h. The crystallite size was estimated using the Scherrer equation. AAS and titration techniques showed that Ni3+/(Ni3+ + Ni2+) and mean oxidation state of nickel are 66.50 wt% and 2.67 respectively. EDX showed that the powder was comprised by Ni and O. The faceted particles are shown by SEM. TEM and electron diffraction showed the results that are in accordance with the above.

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Albach, Horst. "Herz, Dietmar; Weinberger, Veronika (Hrsg.): Lexikon ökonomischer Werke. 650 wegweisende Schriften von der Antike bis ins 20. Jahrhundert." Journal of Business Economics 77, no. 6 (June 2007): 697–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11573-007-0049-9.

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Damm, F., R. Itzykson, O. Kosmider, N. Droin, A. Clavert, C. Preudhomme, D. Birnbaum, M. Fontenay, O. A. Bernard, and E. Solary. "P-004 SETBP1 mutations in 658 patients with myeldodysplastic syndromes, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and secondary AML." Leukemia Research 37 (May 2013): S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0145-2126(13)70053-5.

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Malamitsi-Puchner, Ariadne, Despina D. Briana, Dimitrios Gourgiotis, Maria Boutsikou, Karl-Philipp Puchner, Stavroula Baka, Antonios Marmarinos, and Dimitrios Hassiakos. "Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-I and Insulin in Normal and Growth-Restricted Mother/Infant Pairs." Mediators of Inflammation 2007 (2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/42646.

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Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and insulin are essential for fetal growth. We investigated perinatal changes of both factors in 40 mothers and their 20 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) and 20 intrauterine-growth-restricted (IUGR) fetuses and neonates on day 1 (N1) and day 4 (N4) postpartum. Fetal and N1, but not N4, IGF-I levels were increased in AGA (P<.001andP=.037, resp.). N1 insulin levels were lower in IUGR (P=.048). Maternal, fetal, and N1 IGF-I, and fetal insulin levels positively correlated with customized centiles (r=.374,P=.035,r=.608,P<.001,r=.485,P=.006, andr=.654,P=.021, resp.). Female infants presented elevated fetal and N4 IGF-I levels (P=.023andP=.016, resp.). Positive correlations of maternal, fetal, and neonatal IGF-I levels, and fetal insulin levels with customized centiles underline implication of both hormones in fetal growth. IUGR infants present gradually increasing IGF-I levels. Higher IGF-I levels are documented in females.

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DONDERS, JACOBUS, and KELLY JANKE. "Criterion validity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition after pediatric traumatic brain injury." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 14, no. 4 (June 25, 2008): 651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617708080752.

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The performance of 40 children with complicated mild to severe traumatic brain injury on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition (WISC–IV; Wechsler, 2003) was compared with that of 40 demographically matched healthy controls. Of the four WISC–IV factor index scores, only Processing Speed yielded a statistically significant group difference (p< .001) as well as a statistically significant negative correlation with length of coma (p< .01). Logistic regression, using Processing Speed to classify individual children, yielded a sensitivity of 72.50% and a specificity of 62.50%, with false positive and false negative rates both exceeding 30%. We conclude that Processing Speed has acceptable criterion validity in the evaluation of children with complicated mild to severe traumatic brain injury but that the WISC–IV should be supplemented with other measures to assure sufficient accuracy in the diagnostic process. (JINS, 2008,14, 651–655.)

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Savatier, François. "Au Gabon, des outils vieux de 650 000 ans au moins." Pour la Science N° 531 – janvier, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pls.531.0012.

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Chou, Ann F., Christopher J. Graber, Makoto Jones, Yue Zhang, Matthew Bidwell Goetz, Karl Madaras-Kelly, Matthew Samore, Allison Kelly, and Peter A. Glassman. "Characteristics of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs at Veterans Affairs Hospitals: Results of a Nationwide Survey." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 37, no. 6 (February 24, 2016): 647–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.26.

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BACKGROUNDAntimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are variably implemented.OBJECTIVETo characterize variations of antimicrobial stewardship structure and practices across all inpatient Veterans Affairs facilities in 2012 and correlate key characteristics with antimicrobial usage.DESIGNA web-based survey regarding stewardship activities was administered to each facility’s designated contact. Bivariate associations between facility characteristics and inpatient antimicrobial use during 2012 were determined.SETTINGTotal of 130 Veterans Affairs facilities with inpatient services.RESULTSOf 130 responding facilities, 29 (22%) had a formal policy establishing an ASP, and 12 (9%) had an approved ASP business plan. Antimicrobial stewardship teams were present in 49 facilities (38%); 34 teams included a clinical pharmacist with formal infectious diseases (ID) training. Stewardship activities varied across facilities, including development of yearly antibiograms (122 [94%]), formulary restrictions (120 [92%]), stop orders for antimicrobial duration (98 [75%]), and written clinical pathways for specific conditions (96 [74%]). Decreased antimicrobial usage was associated with having at least 1 full-time ID physician (P=.03), an ID fellowship program (P=.003), and a clinical pharmacist with formal ID training (P=.006) as well as frequency of systematic patient-level reviews of antimicrobial use (P=.01) and having a policy to address antimicrobial use in the context of Clostridium difficile infection (P=.01). Stop orders for antimicrobial duration were associated with increased use (P=.03).CONCLUSIONSASP-related activities varied considerably. Decreased antibiotic use appeared related to ID presence and certain select practices. Further statistical assessments may help optimize antimicrobial practices.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:647–654

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Monzen, Ryoichi, Tadashi Terazawa, and Chihiro Watanabe. "Effect of Applied Stress on Nucleation and Growth of Precipitates in a Cu-Be-Co Alloy." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 922–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.922.

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The influence of an external stress on the nucleation and growth of disk-shaped G.P. zones has been investigated for a Cu-1.2wt%Be-0.1wt%Co alloy aged at 220 °C. A compressive stress applied in the [001] direction during aging preferentially accelerates the nucleation and growth of the G.P. zones perpendicular to the [001] axis, whereas a tensile stress does not significantly affect those of G.P. zones. The promotion of the nucleation and growth of the G.P. zones perpendicular to the compressive-stress axis can be well understood through the interaction energy between the applied stress and the misfit strains of G.P. zones. The critical diameter of the disk-shaped G.P. zone nucleus was estimated as about 1.3 nm from evaluation of the interaction energy.

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Higashida, Kenji, Masaki Tanaka, and Sunao Sadamatsu. "Characterization of Crack-Tip Dislocations and their Effects on Materials Fracture." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2307.

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Three-dimensional structure of crack tip dislocations were investigated by combining scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron tomography (ET) in silicon single crystals. P-type (001) silicon single crystals were employed. <110> cracks were introduced from an indent on the (001) surface. The specimen was heated at 873K in order to introduce dislocations at the crack tips. The specimen was thinned to include the crack tip in the foil by an iron milling machine. STEM-ET observation revealed the three-dimensional structure of crack tip dislocations. Their Burgers vectors were determined by using an invisibility criterion. The local stress intensity factor was calculated using the dislocation characters obtained in the observation in this study, indicating that the dislocations observed were mode II shielding type dislocations.

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Kim, Se Jong, Heung Nam Han, and Dong Nyung Lee. "Evolution of Different Recrystallization Textures in Steels Having {111}<112> Rolling Texture." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.74.

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The Goss {110}<001> orientation, which is not stable with respect to plane strain rolling, rotates toward the {111}<112> orientation forming a strong maximum. The {111}<112> rolling component returns to the Goss orientation after recrystallization (Rex). On the other hand, the {111}<112> Rex texture developed in 65% rolled iron electrodeposit with a weak {111}<112> texture, and the {111}<110> Rex texture developed in 80% cold rolled electrodeposit having a strong {111}<112> texture. That is, the {110}<001>, {111}<112>, and {111}<110> Rex textures developed in bcc steels having the {111}<112> rolling textures. The results have been discussed by the strain-energy-release-maximization model for Rex texture.

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Coelhoso, Cássia Canha, Patricia Renovato Tobo, Shirley Silva Lacerda, Alex Heitor Lima, Carla Regina Camara Barrichello, Edson Amaro Jr, and Elisa Harumi Kozasa. "A New Mental Health Mobile App for Well-Being and Stress Reduction in Working Women: Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 21, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): e14269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14269.

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Background Although the availability and use of mobile mental health apps has grown exponentially in recent years, little data are available regarding their efficacy. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an app developed to promote stress management and well-being among working women compared with a control app. Methods Female employees at a private hospital were invited to participate in the study via mailing lists and intranet ads. A total of 653 individuals self-enrolled through the website. Eligible participants were randomized between control (n=240) and intervention (n=250) groups. The well-being mobile app provides an 8-week program with 4 classes per week (including a brief theoretical portion and a 15-min guided practice). The active control app also provided 4 assessments per week that encouraged participants to self-observe how they were feeling for 20 min. We also used the app to conduct Web-based questionnaires (10-item Perceived Stress Scale and 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index) and ask specific questions to assess subjective levels of stress and well-being at baseline (t1), midintervention (t4=4 weeks after t1) and postintervention (t8=8 weeks after t1). Both apps were fully automated without any human involvement. Outcomes from the control and intervention conditions at the 3 time points were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results Among the randomized participants (n=490), 185 participants were excluded at the 4-week follow-up and another 79 at the 8-week follow-up because of noncompliance with the experimental protocol. Participants who did not complete t4 and t8 assessments were equally distributed between groups (t4: control group=34.6% [83/240] and intervention group=40.8% [102/250]; P=.16; t8: control group=29.9% [47/157] and intervention group=21.6% [32/148]; P=.10). Both groups showed a significant increase in general well-being as a function of time (F2,426=5.27; P=.006), but only the intervention group presented a significant increase in work-related well-being (F2,426=8.92; P<.001), as well as a significant reduction in work-related and overall stress (F2,426=5.50; P=.004 and F2,426=8.59; P<.001, respectively). Conclusions The well-being mobile app was effective in reducing employee stress and improving well-being. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02637414; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02637414.

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Solow, Robert M. "Rethinking the Markets: Regulation can help rebuild trust if it is carefully designed." IESE Insight, no. 3 (December 15, 2009): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/002.opi-654.

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Kim, Min Seon, Jun Ho Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, and Young Ju Suh. "Incidental Gynecomastia on Thoracic Computed Tomography in Clinical Practice: Characteristics, Radiologic Features, and Correlation With Possible Causes in South Korean Men." American Journal of Men's Health 14, no. 3 (May 2020): 155798832090810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988320908102.

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Gynecomastia is a common incidental finding on thoracic computed tomography (CT). This study aimed to retrospectively determine the prevalence, imaging characteristics, and possible causes of incidental gynecomastia on thoracic CT. Records of male patients who underwent thoracic CT in 2015 were reviewed. The size and morphologic types (nodular, dendritic, and diffuse) were recorded for patients with breast glandular tissue larger than 1 cm, and the cutoff value of gynecomastia was defined as 2 cm. Additionally, the possible causes of gynecomastia obtained by reviewing patients’ charts were recorded. CT-depicted gynecomastia was identified in 12.7% (650 of 5,501) of patients. The median size of the breast glandular tissue was 2.5 cm (interquartile range 2.2–3.1), and 36.8% of patients (239 of 650) had unilateral gynecomastia. The age distribution provided a bimodal pattern with two peaks in the age groups from 20 to 29 years old and greater than 70 years old. Chronic liver disease (CLD; p < .001), all stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD; p < .001), and medications ( p = .002) were significantly associated with gynecomastia. Gynecomastia did not correlate with body mass index ( p = .962). The size of breast glandular tissue was identified to be correlated with the morphologic type of breast tissue and the severity of CLD or CKD. The prevalence of incidental gynecomastia seen on thoracic CT was 12.7%. CT-depicted gynecomastia is not associated with obesity but with CLD, CKD, and medications. When gynecomastia is detected on CT, further evaluations and management might be required for patients with a treatable cause.

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Min, Sim Kun, Sung Il Kim, Jong Sang Kim, and Moon Hi Hong. "Influence of Initial Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of Cu Bearing Extra Low Carbon Steel Sheets." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.306.

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This paper examines the effect of initial microstructure after hot rolling on the final microstructure and mechanical properties for Cu bearing Extra Low Carbon(ELC) Steel Sheets. For this purpose, two ELC steels having different initial microstructures due to different onset time of cooling after pilot hot rolling (0.4 and 1.2 second) were selected. Mechanical properties and microstructures were analyzed as well using uni-axial tensile test, electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) technique following pilot rolling and continuous annealing. It has been found that the reduction of onset time of cooling gives rise to the grain refinement in hot rolled sheets. The average grain sizes of hot rolled sheetss at the onset time of 0.4 and 1.2 second are 16.7μm and 20.8 μm, respectively. In addition, the planar anisotropy of the Cu bearing ELC steel sheets has improved with reducing onset time of cooling after hot rolling. However, other mechanical properties such as strength and elongation of annealed steel are similar to both cooling condition.

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Nunomura, Norio, and Satoshi Sunada. "First-Principles Calculation of Water Molecules with Adsorbed Ions on the Fe(001) Surface." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1662–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1662.

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The behavior of water molecules with sulfate on the Fe(001) surface has been investigated using a first-principles method based on density-functional theory (DFT) with numerical atomic orbitals as basis functions for the description of valence electrons and nonlocal pseudopotentials for the atomic core. We present results for the adsorption structure and the bonding nature as caused by the adsorption-induced variations in the electron density and the projected density of states. We have found that the structure of absorbed sulfate depends on the coverage of water molecule on the surface. Analysis of electrostatic potential at an aqueous metal interface provides an appropriate framework to understand complicated potential structures. The mechanism of proton transfer through dissociative adsorption and hydrogen bonding of water molecules has been obtained from calculated results.

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Li, Jitian, Zhe Chen, Yifei Nie, Yan Ma, Qiaoyun Guo, and Xiaofeng Dai. "Identification of Symptoms Prognostic of COVID-19 Severity: Multivariate Data Analysis of a Case Series in Henan Province." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 6 (June 30, 2020): e19636. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19636.

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Background The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has been declared a global pandemic. Identifying individuals whose infection can potentially become severe is critical to control the case fatality rate of COVID-19. However, knowledge of symptoms that are prognostic of COVID-19 severity is lacking. Objective The objective of our study was to identify symptoms prognostic of COVID-19 infection severity. Methods We analyzed documented symptoms, including fever, cough, fatigue, expectoration, sore throat, chest distress, headache, diarrhea, rhinorrhea, stuffed nose, nausea, vomiting, muscle or joint ache, shortness of breath, and their associations with disease severity using a case series, including 655 confirmed cases from January 23 to February 5, 2020 in Henan Province, China. We also analyzed the influence of individual characteristics, including age, gender, and comorbidities, on symptoms with prognostic value. Results Fatigue (95% CI 0.141 to 0.334, P<.001), expectoration (95% CI 0.107 to 0.305, P<.001) and stuffed nose (95% CI –0.499 to –0.082, P=.006) were identified as the prognostic symptoms of COVID-19 patients from the multivariate analysis. Fever occurred in 603/655 (92.1%) of the patients but was not associated with disease severity. Fatigue accounted for 184/655 (28.1%) of the patients and was linearly associated with infection severity with statistical significance. Expectoration occurred in 169/655 (25.8%) patients in the cohort and was the sole prognostic factor for patients with cardiovascular complications, including hypertension. Shortness of breath, chest distress, muscle or joint ache, and dry cough, which occurred in 33 (5%), 83 (12.7%), 78 (11.9%), and 276 (42.1%) of the 655 patients, respectively, were significantly enriched among patients classified as severe. Stuffed nose and nausea were associated with favorable disease severity, especially among male patients. More female than male patients were documented as having muscle or joint ache. Headache was most enriched in patents aged 15 to 39 years, followed by those aged 40 to 64 years, with statistical significance. Conclusions Fatigue and expectoration are signs of severe COVID-19 infection. Shortness of breath, chest distress, muscle or joint ache, and dry cough are prevalent in severe patients. Expectoration is commonly present in older individuals and patients with cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension. Shortness of breath is prognostic of severe infection in male patients. Stuffed nose and nausea are favorable prognostic factors of severe infection, especially among male patients.

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Zhang, Lingyun, Xiujuan Qu, Yuee Teng, Jing Shi, Ping Yu, Tao Sun, Jingyan Wang, et al. "Efficacy of Thalidomide in Preventing Delayed Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy: A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Trial (CLOG1302 study)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 31 (November 1, 2017): 3558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.72.2538.

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Purpose We examined the efficacy and safety of thalidomide (THD) for the prevention of delayed nausea and vomiting in patients who received highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). Patients and Methods In a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, phase III trial, chemotherapy-naive patients with cancer who were scheduled to receive HEC that contained cisplatin or cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin/epirubincin ≥ 50 mg/m2 regimens were randomly assigned to a THD group (100 mg twice daily on days 1 to 5) or placebo group, both with palonosetron (0.25 mg on day 1) and dexamethasone (12 mg on day 1; 8 mg on days 2 to 4). Primary end point was complete response to vomiting—no emesis or use of rescue medication—in the delayed phase (25 to 120 h). Nausea and anorexia on days 1 to 5 were evaluated by the 4-point Likert scale (0, no symptoms; 3, severe). Quality of life was assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 version 3 questionnaire on days −1 and 6. Results Of 656 patients, 638 were evaluable: 317 in the THD group and 321 in the control group. Compared with placebo, delayed and overall (0 to 120 h) complete response rates to vomiting were significantly higher with THD: 76.9% versus 61.7% ( P < .001) and 66.1% versus 53.3% ( P = .001), respectively. Rates of no nausea were also higher in the THD group (delayed: 47.3% v 33.3%; P < .001; overall: 41% v 29.6%; P = .003), and mean scores of anorexia were lower overall (0.44 ± 0.717 v 0.64 ± 0.844; P = .003). Adverse effects were mild to moderate. The THD group had increased sedation, dizziness, constipation, and dry mouth, but experienced better quality of life after chemotherapy. Conclusion Thalidomide combined with palonosetron and dexamethasone significantly improved HEC-induced delayed nausea and vomiting prevention in chemotherapy-naive patients.

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Yudina, Alla E., Maria G. Pavlova, Vladimir M. Sotnikov, Alla E. Yudina, Yulia P. Sych, Nadezhda A. Mazerkina, Olga G. Zheludkova, et al. "Clinical features and diagnosis of secondary adrenal insufficiency followed complex treatment nonpituitary brain tumors." Problems of Endocrinology 65, no. 5 (November 23, 2019): 330–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl10246.

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BACKGROUND: The most of the current studies include patients who are different by the etiology of secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI), or investigate SAI among other late effects of the radiation therapy. AIMS: To describe the features of SAI and to select the best method of screening SAI in adult patients followed complex treatment of nonpituitary brain tumors in childhood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was the retrospective cross-sectional study. 31 patients after the complex treatment of nonpituitary brain tumors in childhood and 20 healthy volunteers were examined. Age and sex ratio were comparable between the groups. Biochemical and clinical blood tests, levels of cortisol, ACTH, DHEA-C were evaluated. The insulin tolerance test (ITT) was performed for all patients and 11 volunteers. RESULTS: The prevalence of SAI by ITT was 45.2%. The levels of basal cortisol (BC) were significantly higher in patients without SAI in comparison with the SAI group and volunteers (505 [340; 650] vs 323 [233; 382] and 372 [263; 489] nmol / l; pSAI- without_SAI=0.001; pwihtout_SAI-healthy = 0.04). The SAI group had DHEA-C significantly lower than in other groups one (3.1 [1.8; 3.4] vs 5.1 [2.5; 6.4] and 6.8 [4.1; 8.9]; рSAI- without_SAI = 0.036; pSAI-healthy = 0.001). ROC analysis showed that BC and DHEA-S can be used as high-quality screening tests for SAI (AUC = 89.3% and 88.3%). The maximum level of cortisol (656 [608-686] vs 634 [548-677]; p = 1) and the time of its increase (45 and 60 min) did not differ during ITT in patients without SAI and volunteers. Side effects: delayed hypoglycemia occurred in 4/14 patients of the SAI group 4090 minutes late of injection 60-80 ml of 40% glucose solution for stopping hypoglycemia in the test. CONCLUSIONS: 45.2% of patients followed craniospinal irradiation had SAI that is characterized by a decrease in DHEA-C levels. A highly normal level of basal cortisol was observed in 45% of patients without SAI. DHEA-C and blood cortisol can be used for SAI screening.

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Spiridonova, Elena А., Vyacheslav V. Samonin, and Mikhail L. Podvyaznikov. "Определение поглотительных характеристик водных растворов, содержащих эндофуллеренолы, по отношению к органическим соединениям." Сорбционные и хроматографические процессы 19, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/sorpchrom.2019.19/652.

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Получены водные растворы эндофуллеренолов (общая формула Fe@C60(OH)26)), с концен-трациями 0.1 и 0.4 мг/дм3. Исследована абсорбционная способность водных растворов эндофуллеренолов по отношению к органическим растворителям. В качестве органических растворителей использован бензол и о-ксилол. Анализ содержания эндофуллеренолов и органических растворителей в воде в работе проводился спектрофотометрическим методом. Сорбционные характеристики воды при введении в нее эндофуллеренолов в количестве 0.1 и 0.4 мг/дм3, повышаются по отношению к бензолу и о-ксилолу в ряде случаев более чем в 1.5 раза.

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Srivastava, Alok, Balasubramanian Poonkuzhali, Ramachandran V. Shaji, Biju George, Vikram Mathews, Mammen Chandy, and Rajagopal Krishnamoorthy. "Glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism: a risk factor for hepatic venoocclusive disease in bone marrow transplantation." Blood 104, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 1574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2003-11-3778.

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Abstract Hepatic venoocclusive disease (HVOD) in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is attributed to toxicity of cytoreductive agents, especially busulfan and cyclophosphamide, in the conditioning therapy. Busulfan, as well as the metabolites of cyclophosphamide, are conjugated with glutathione (GSH), catalyzed by enzymes of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family. To assess the impact of polymorphisms of the GST genes, GSTM1 and GSTT1, on the risk of HVOD, we evaluated 114 consecutive patients with β-thalassemia major undergoing BMT. There was a significantly increased incidence of HVOD in patients with the GSTM1-null genotype compared with those with the GSTM1-positive genotype (46.5% vs 18.3%; P = .001). Pharmacokinetic analysis in these patients showed that the clearance of busulfan was higher and first-dose steady-state concentration was lower among those with HVOD (0.403 ± 0.06 vs 0.33 ± 0.071 L/h/kg, Student t test P value = .000 01; and 508 ± 125 vs 656 ± 255 ng/mL, t test P value = .001, respectively). We conclude that the GSTM1-null genotype predisposes to HVOD, and the sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocyte damage may be mediated by metabolites of busulfan through depletion of the cellular GSH pool.

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Grogan, Nicole Margo, Yajing Li, Kelley M. Kidwell, and Norah Lynn Henry. "Ovarian function suppression in premenopausal patients with concurrent endocrine therapy use." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 6574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.6574.

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6574 Background: The addition of ovarian function suppression (OFS) to endocrine therapy (ET) for premenopausal women with high risk, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer improves disease outcomes. However, in the SOFT-EST study, up to 17% of patients receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) did not have appropriate ovarian suppression within the first year of treatment. Few studies have explored the long-term effectiveness of OFS to maintain estrogen suppression. Guidelines for estradiol monitoring during OFS therapy are not clearly defined. Methods: We performed a retrospective, single institution review of all patients who received concurrent GnRHa injections and ET since 2010. Only estradiol concentrations that were assessed during OFS treatment were abstracted from the medical record and included in the analysis. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with a non-suppressed estradiol concentration (defined as standard estradiol or high-sensitivity estradiol ≥ 10 pg/ml) identified during OFS cycle 2 ( > 35 days after OFS initiation) and/or later cycles. The secondary endpoint, which included only those patients with estradiol assessment within 35 days of OFS initiation, was the percentage of patients with a non-suppressed estradiol level when measured within the first 35 days after OFS initiation. For both cohorts, differences in age, body mass index (BMI), and previous chemotherapy use were summarized via multivariable logistic regression. Results: 148 patients received concurrent OFS and ET. Patients were excluded because of lack of estradiol assessment during OFS therapy (n = 13) and non-compliance with GnRHa injections (n = 4). The average age and BMI were 43.1 years and 29.1 kg/m2, respectively. 35 of 131 patients (26.7%) had at least one non-suppressed estradiol level during OFS cycle 2 and/or later cycles. The median time to detection of non-suppression was 250 days (range: 53 – 2573 days). Patients whose estradiol concentration remained suppressed throughout treatment with OFS and ET were more likely to be older (OR 1.12 [95% CI 1.05-1.22], p =.02), have a lower BMI (OR 0.88 [95% CI 0.82-0.94], p <.001), and have received chemotherapy (OR 6.30 [95% CI 2.06-20.8], p =.002). For the secondary endpoint, 20 of 83 patients (24.1%) had a non-suppressed estradiol level within 35 days of OFS initiation. Lower BMI was associated with achieving ovarian suppression by 35 days (OR 0.85 [95% CI 0.77-0.93], p <.001); no association was noted for age or chemotherapy. Conclusions: More than one-fourth of patients in this “real world” population had at least one non-suppressed estradiol level during treatment, both the month after the initial OFS dose and at later time points. Patients on OFS, especially those on aromatase inhibitor therapy and those at increased risk of non-suppression, may require frequent and long-term estradiol monitoring during treatment.

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Levin, RI, PC Harpel, JG Harpel, and PA Recht. "Inhibition of tissue plasminogen activator activity by aspirin in vivo and its relationship to levels of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor antigen, plasminogen activator and their complexes." Blood 74, no. 5 (October 1, 1989): 1635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.5.1635.1635.

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Abstract The observation that aspirin inhibits the increment in tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity induced by venous occlusion of the forearm became controversial with the publication of several nonconfirmatory studies. The current study was performed to confirm the original observation and determine the mechanism by which aspirin suppresses the incremental t-PA activity induced by venous occlusion. Aspirin (650 mg/d X 2) caused no change in resting levels of t-PA antigen (t-PA:Ag) or activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 antigen (PAI-1:Ag), or activity or t-PA-PAI-1 complexes. In contrast, aspirin reduced the increments induced by venous occlusion as follows: t-PA:Ag by 45% (P = .001); t-PA activity (euglobulin lysis time, ELT) by 43% (P = .006); and t-PA activity (alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complexes, PIPC) by 41% (P = .003). The inhibition of incremental t-PA activity measured as ELT or PIPC was linearly correlated with the inhibition of incremental t-PA:Ag (respectively, r = .75, P less than .02; r = .67, P less than .05). Aspirin had no effect on the increment in PAI-1:Ag induced by venous occlusion, but similar to the effect on t- PA:Ag, aspirin induced a 51% inhibition of the increment in t-PA-PAI-1 complex formation. Aspirin did not alter the ability of alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor to bind plasmin, nor the ability of plasma to support the fibrin-catalyzed generation of plasmin by t-PA, nor the subsequent formation of PIPC. Aspirin inhibits the t-PA activity induced by venous occlusion primarily by inhibiting the release of t-PA antigen.

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Levin, RI, PC Harpel, JG Harpel, and PA Recht. "Inhibition of tissue plasminogen activator activity by aspirin in vivo and its relationship to levels of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor antigen, plasminogen activator and their complexes." Blood 74, no. 5 (October 1, 1989): 1635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.5.1635.bloodjournal7451635.

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The observation that aspirin inhibits the increment in tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity induced by venous occlusion of the forearm became controversial with the publication of several nonconfirmatory studies. The current study was performed to confirm the original observation and determine the mechanism by which aspirin suppresses the incremental t-PA activity induced by venous occlusion. Aspirin (650 mg/d X 2) caused no change in resting levels of t-PA antigen (t-PA:Ag) or activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 antigen (PAI-1:Ag), or activity or t-PA-PAI-1 complexes. In contrast, aspirin reduced the increments induced by venous occlusion as follows: t-PA:Ag by 45% (P = .001); t-PA activity (euglobulin lysis time, ELT) by 43% (P = .006); and t-PA activity (alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complexes, PIPC) by 41% (P = .003). The inhibition of incremental t-PA activity measured as ELT or PIPC was linearly correlated with the inhibition of incremental t-PA:Ag (respectively, r = .75, P less than .02; r = .67, P less than .05). Aspirin had no effect on the increment in PAI-1:Ag induced by venous occlusion, but similar to the effect on t- PA:Ag, aspirin induced a 51% inhibition of the increment in t-PA-PAI-1 complex formation. Aspirin did not alter the ability of alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor to bind plasmin, nor the ability of plasma to support the fibrin-catalyzed generation of plasmin by t-PA, nor the subsequent formation of PIPC. Aspirin inhibits the t-PA activity induced by venous occlusion primarily by inhibiting the release of t-PA antigen.

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Naffakh, H., M. Shamanian, and F. Ashrafizadeh. "Weldability in dissimilar welds between Type 310 austenitic stainless steel and Alloy 657." Journal of Materials Science 43, no. 15 (August 2008): 5300–5304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-2761-4.

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Marsh, R., M. P. L. M. Smith, E. J. Rohling, D. J. Lunt, T. M. Lenton, M. S. Williamson, and A. Yool. "Modelling ocean circulation, climate and oxygen isotopes in the ocean over the last 120 000 years." Climate of the Past Discussions 2, no. 5 (September 4, 2006): 657–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-2-657-2006.

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Abstract. A new Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity, GENIE-1, is used to simulate the most recent glacial-interglacial cycle by prescribing orbital forcing, atmospheric CO2 concentration, and the time evolution of ice sheet extent and orography. A series of experiments investigates uncertainty in the amplitude, frequency and location of prescribed meltwater pulses (MWPs) associated with Heinrich events in the North Atlantic and layers enriched in ice rafted debris around Antarctica. Associated with each MWP is a flux into the ocean of very light glacial oxygen isotope ratios, which serve as a tracer of the melt water. Additionally accounted for are temperature-related changes in the fractionation of stable oxygen isotopes between water and calcite. Modelled forwards from 120 000 years ago, simulated oxygen isotope records can thus be directly compared with measurements in calcite taken from International Marine Global Change Study (IMAGES) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sediment cores at three locations representative of the North and South Atlantic, and the South Pacific. During the period of simulation corresponding to Marine Isotope Stage 3, the best agreement between the simulated oxygen isotope record in the North Atlantic and core measurements is found in the experiment that includes MWPs around Antarctica as well as into the North Atlantic. This challenges previous assumptions about the dominant role of northern ice sheets in glacial sea-level variability.

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Millán, J. C., A. L. Rivas, Jose María Cabrera, Sonia Camero, and Leo Kestens. "Microstructural Evolution of a Commercial 0.04%C Steel During Batch Annealing." Materials Science Forum 509 (March 2006): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.509.17.

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The effect of heating rate and annealing time on the microstructure and texture of a commercial 0.04 %C steel, cold rolled up to 80 %, is studied. Samples have been isothermally annealed at various heating rates (12 °C/h, 20 °C/h, 40 °C/h and 650 °C/min) and then soaked at 700 °C for 15 hours. The microstructural evolution of the samples during the heating process and hold period has been followed by optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The electron back-scattered diffraction technique is used to reveal the texture of the samples. Tensile tests and hardness measurements are correlated with the microstructural features. Results show that (a) recrystallization occurs between 600 and 650 °C; (b) a “pancake” structure develops during recrystallization at low heating rates without appreciable grain growth; (c) samples heated at 650 °C/min exhibit an equiaxed grain structure and significant grain growth; (d) only at low heating rates the material develops a strong {111}<uvw> recrystallization texture, in ccordance with the high plastic anisotropy found by mechanical testing.

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Shi, Shun Hong, and Gang Xu. "Uniform Hematite Hexagonal Nanodisks with Dominant (001) Facets: Hydrothermal Synthesis and Catalytic Performance for the Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.161.

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Uniform hematite (α-Fe2O3) hexagonal nanodisks with dominant (001) facets have been synthesized via hydrothermal route assisted with ethylene glycol (EG). XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM and SAED were employed to characterize the synthesized samples. The results show that the moderate addition of EG in the hydrothermal system creates an equilibrium condition for the crystal nucleation and growth, resulting in the uniform α-Fe2O3hexagonal nanodisks with dominant (001) facets. Due to the exposition of the special facets of (001) and (110), the α-Fe2O3nanodisks express superior catalytic activity for the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP).

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