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蔡, 承荣, and 蔚. 王. "供给侧结构性改革中政府角色与作用研究." 财经与管理 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/fm.v1i2.333.
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鲁, 慧玲. "论政府采购招投标中的价格陷阱." 财经与管理 4, no. 2 (March 18, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/cjygl.v4i2.3373.
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宁, 静. "事业单位人力资源管理存在的问题及对策分析." 经济学 3, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/ej.v3i4.528.
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Ansyah, Rudi. "张氏兄弟在日里地区建设中参与的角色 PERAN SERTA TJONG BERSAUDARA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN TANAH DELI." Jurnal Cakrawala Mandarin 4, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36279/apsmi.v4i2.98.
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日里地区最初是从 1860 年代开始被来自中国的种植者和贸易商的活动所逐渐开发建设的。在日里河东侧的开阔田野周围的区域是当时日里地区早期的中心。在开发日里地区之后，凯萨万地区紧随其后，成为了华人社区居住区以及满足社区需要的商品和商店供应场所的集中地，尤其是为种植园的活动所需。来自中国的移民在作为少数种族的“中间人”角色这一方面具有重要地位，更在日里地区的建设和发展中发挥了重要作用。这项研究的标题是“张氏兄弟在日里地区建设中参与的角色”，并利用了昆托维约的历史解释法。本文的内容阐述了来自中国广东梅县的张榕轩和张阿辉移民到日里地区，与日里苏丹国和荷兰东印度政府共同建设种植园的商事活动。不仅如此，张氏兄弟也为日里地区或今日的棉兰市的发展做出了巨大的贡献，包括他们建造的礼拜场所、学校、银行、铁路运输设施、桥梁、市场和医院。关键词：历史解释法；角色参与；张榕轩；张阿辉；日里地区
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Ansyah, Rudi. "张氏兄弟在日里地区建设中参与的角色 PERAN SERTA TJONG BERSAUDARA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN TANAH DELI." Jurnal Cakrawala Mandarin 4, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36279/apsmi.v4i2.98.
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日里地区最初是从 1860 年代开始被来自中国的种植者和贸易商的活动所逐渐开发建设的。在日里河东侧的开阔田野周围的区域是当时日里地区早期的中心。在开发日里地区之后，凯萨万地区紧随其后，成为了华人社区居住区以及满足社区需要的商品和商店供应场所的集中地，尤其是为种植园的活动所需。来自中国的移民在作为少数种族的“中间人”角色这一方面具有重要地位，更在日里地区的建设和发展中发挥了重要作用。这项研究的标题是“张氏兄弟在日里地区建设中参与的角色”，并利用了昆托维约的历史解释法。本文的内容阐述了来自中国广东梅县的张榕轩和张阿辉移民到日里地区，与日里苏丹国和荷兰东印度政府共同建设种植园的商事活动。不仅如此，张氏兄弟也为日里地区或今日的棉兰市的发展做出了巨大的贡献，包括他们建造的礼拜场所、学校、银行、铁路运输设施、桥梁、市场和医院。关键词：历史解释法；角色参与；张榕轩；张阿辉；日里地区
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李培德. "华商跨国网络的形成、延伸和冲突：." 华人研究国际学报 04, no. 01 (June 2012): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793724812000065.
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有关海外华商族群和帮派的研究，目前已有不少成果。 值得注意的是，族群在商业网络形成过程中扮演了十分重要的角色。 在殖民地时代，具有族群特色的商帮，例如福建帮和广东帮，多利用英国在亚洲区内的势力，把他们的影响力扩展至其他英属殖民地。 组成商帮的三大元素—血缘、地缘和业缘，使商帮更具竞争力。 在新加坡华人社会里，不同的经济活动由各异的商帮控制，外来者不易进入。 新加坡是一个多族群的社会，包括福建、潮州、广东、客家、海南等等，族群之间既存竞争，也有合作。 由于政治权力全集中于英国人手里，殖民地统治对平衡和缓和族群冲突起着重要的作用。 本文尝试从比较角度出发，探讨代表福建和客家两大族群领袖的陈嘉庚和胡文虎，到底他们是如何建立跨界和跨国的网络，当网络形成后又如何将之延伸。 本文指出，当陈嘉庚和胡文虎彼此竞逐延伸网络的同时，之所以产生冲突，与中英两国政府平衡陈胡两派势力有密不可分之关系。
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王, 紫涵. "对中国空调产业进出口贸易模式的探索 基于产品生命周期模型." 商业创新期刊 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.52288/jbi.26636204.2021.04.23.
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全球变暖趋势的持续，使得空调产业的进出口贸易模式呈现了一些新的发展趋势和变化。中国空调产业作为全球空调产业中重要的一部分，为促进全球经济发展扮演了关键性角色；准确定位产业生命周期阶段，有利于培育具有国际竞争力的细分产业并实现产业创新，对于企业决策和政府产业政策起到关键作用。本文基于产品生命周期理论，对中国以及美国、日本、越南等国的空调产业净出口趋势做交互对比分析，综合运用含结构变化的单位根检验方法以及生长曲线拟合法，推估出中国空调产业周期变动趋势的拟合效果。最后，为实现我国空调产业的可持续发展，提出当前存在的问题及对策建议。
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陈, 倩. "安徽省城市道路交通相关指标研究." 工程建设 3, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33142/ec.v3i12.2961.
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习近平总书记指出“占有了最充分的数据，然后可以做出最客观、精准的分析，这方面对政府提供的建议是很有价值的。”本研究立足《安徽建设统计年鉴》的数据基础，针对城市建设统计年鉴各部分选取重点、特色数据指标，通过直观描述、横向、纵向对比，准确、客观、直观表达安徽省城市道路交通相关指标状况，客观反映安徽省城市道路交通发展水平。本次基于城乡统计数据分析对“十三五”阶段城市道路交通情况初步总结，紧扣“高质量”、“一体化”，通过与国内、长三角及中部六省城市建设现状对标对表，分析安徽省城市道路交通存在的短板和弱项，初步提出城市道路交通方面的政策建议，发挥为安徽省城市道路交通“十四五”规划高质量编制提供技术支撑作用。
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陈, 倩. "安徽省城市道路交通相关指标研究." 工程建设 3, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33142/ec.v3i12.2961.
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习近平总书记指出“占有了最充分的数据，然后可以做出最客观、精准的分析，这方面对政府提供的建议是很有价值的。”本研究立足《安徽建设统计年鉴》的数据基础，针对城市建设统计年鉴各部分选取重点、特色数据指标，通过直观描述、横向、纵向对比，准确、客观、直观表达安徽省城市道路交通相关指标状况，客观反映安徽省城市道路交通发展水平。本次基于城乡统计数据分析对“十三五”阶段城市道路交通情况初步总结，紧扣“高质量”、“一体化”，通过与国内、长三角及中部六省城市建设现状对标对表，分析安徽省城市道路交通存在的短板和弱项，初步提出城市道路交通方面的政策建议，发挥为安徽省城市道路交通“十四五”规划高质量编制提供技术支撑作用。
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郭, 嘉. "建设工程电子招标投标存在问题及对策." 工程建设 3, no. 9 (November 3, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33142/ec.v3i9.2518.
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在当前时期，工程建设中对招投标是十分重视的，而且电子招投标开始得到应用，其是建立在网络技术之上的全新方式，能够将招标、投标、评标以及合同签订等进行整合，呈现出明显的数字化特征。随着信息技术的发展速度持续加快，互联网在人们的工作、生活中扮演着重要的角色。从招投标活动的现状来看，电子平台的应用是较为普遍的，尤其是政府大力推进招投标信息化建设工作后，一些更为先进的信息技术得到应用，这样就可利用互联网来展开招投标，这样可以使得自动化、数字化程度大幅提升，而且招投标工作会更为透明，效率也能够有明显的提高。
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LEE, Shu Chen. "再議台灣長期照護政策的性別正義問題與出路." International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 7, no. 2 (January 1, 2009): 87–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.71481.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.面對快速高齡化的社會實況，台灣政府於2007年提出“長期照顧十年計劃”作為長期照護政策的依據。但是，該計劃卻未能具體而微地列明關乎性別正義的政策內容，例如：對於照護勞務的提供與分配尚未建立一套合於“性別主流化”要求的體制與實踐。就台灣長期照護政策與其實踐未能彰顯性別正義的現況，本文首先提出台灣社會從政府到家庭以至個體的性別觀點，尚未具備性別正義之充分實踐的因素。本文再進而探討道德與政治之間，為何必須以及應該如何考量性別正義，是合理且可證成的。女性主義者常批判長期照護是對女性的一種不公義的制度。女性主義者中的關懷倫理學家則嘗試以關懷的角度去說明女性之互相倚待性，並以關懷去疏解此中的性別歧視。但關懷倫理學是不能證立家庭在長期照護中的特殊角色和義務。對照於“性別主流化”的時代要求，本文認為孔孟的仁義思想實能就道德規範根源回應政治原則的合理性問題。儒家以家庭為倫理實踐的起點，家庭成員對長期照護有一自然的承擔義務而不必是性別歧視的。為確立本文觀點，進一步論述儒家“各盡其性分”的原則在道德與政治的面向之間，如何能於政策規範之內涵與實踐上回應政府、家庭以及個體合於性別正義的要求，並且有所殊勝於主張關懷倫理的女性主義之論說。Facing the ever increasing pace of ageing in society, the Taiwanese government proposed a “Ten-year Plan for Long-term Care” in 2007 as the basis of its long-term care policy. However, the plan clearly does not pay attention to the issue of gender justice in Taiwanese society. For example, the supply and distribution of care-giving labor as determined in the plan does not establish a system and practice that would conform to mainstream Taiwanese thought on gender issues. Feminists are keen to criticize that the long-term care of the elderly has been a burden and an indication of gender injustice in treating women. Care ethicists try to indicate the interdependence of family members and propose a fair share of the care burden between the sexes. However, they fail to offer an adequate justification for the share of the burden among family members or a proper account of the special role of the family in long-term care.In this essay I first explore the main factors that explain why the long-term care policy and practice are unable to achieve gender justice from the perspectives of the government, the family and the individual. I then argue that it is morally and politically reasonable to develop policy concerning gender justice. From the Confucian viewpoint, the family is the core of human life and the starting point of individual moral practice and family flourishing. The family is the basic unit that could offer a suitable ground for a proper public policy to enhance the quality of long-term care without gender discrimination. I argue that Confucius and Mencius’ ideas of Jen (benevolence) and Yi (righteousness) provide the moral foundation for a proper response to the demand for gender justice in government policy. To illustrate this point, I elaborate how the Confucian principle of the “utmost fulfillment of each being’s mandate” could be applied to the policy and action of the government, the family and individuals to accomplish gender justice. I conclude that this Confucian principle is better than the feminist care ethic in directing the formulation of a proper long-term care policy.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 250 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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CHAN, FUNG YI, and SHUK FAN CHU. "INTERPRETING WORKERS' RESISTANCE TO WELFARE "REFORM"." Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 36, no. 01n02 (January 2002): 113–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246202000086.
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This article presents and analyses the background to the resistance of many frontline welfare practitioners against the recent introduction of reforms to the welfare management and subvention system and process in Hong Kong. The "progress" discourse optimistically engaged in by the government is challenged by a rather pessimistic assessment by workers, accompanied by a strong critique of the compromises welfare management groups have agreed to when accepting the Lump Sum Grant proposal. The context of the reform is interpreted as a strategic repositioning by the post-1997 government, intent at rebuilding its legitimacy and re-assigning the role of the welfare sector within its vision for the future. In the course of a long conversation between the two authors, one an academic, the other a core organiser in the "Alliance for the Protection of Welfare" several important areas of discourse were touched upon: the nature of welfare and its normative underpinning; social workers' struggle to relocate themselves within the emerging managerial paradigm; the search for an environment in which dialogue between the various parties would allow open negotiation about a more positive reform of the welfare system. The relationships among workers, management, government and service users are interpreted within a historical perspective, looking back at the constitution of the problem on both the level of Hong Kong as well as, more theoretically, on the level of (Western) welfare states. 近日香港政府提出社会福利管理及津助制度的「改革」，受到前线同工大力反对。 本文旨在勾画出相关的背景脉络，以助了解同工的「悲 观」判断怎样质疑官方铺陈的乐观「进步」论，及批评管理阶层在接纳一笔过拨款上的妥协态度， 展示当中蕴含的重要议题。 改革的背景被理解作九七后特区政权的策略性再定位，在新的发展远景下以重建管治的合法性，亦重新厘订社会福利的角色。 本篇文稿是由学院成员与「捍卫社会福利大联盟」的组织者合撰，透过真诚的详谈，尝试剖析以下范畴： 福利的性质及价值规范、 在管理典范逐渐形成下前线社会工作员的挣扎、 及寻求一个有利对话的环境，以促进开放的态度磋商较具积极意义的福利改革。 在探讨前线同工、 管理阶层、 政府及服务使用者的多角关系时，更从历史的进程思考如何构成现今的问题， 当中涉及香港的独特环境及西方社会福利国家的理念性讨论。
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黄, 贤强. "东南亚—台湾—闽粤： 两大家族的跨地域婚姻与政商网络." 华人研究国际学报 11, no. 02 (December 2019): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179372481900018x.
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本文通过张林两大家族的联姻来讨论19世纪末20世纪初东南亚—台湾—闽粤华商的跨地域活动和跨族群关系。新娘张福英来自荷属东印度（今之印度尼西亚）棉兰地区最有财力和权势的华侨家族。他的父亲张鸿南早年从广东省嘉应州梅县移民南来，发迹后被荷兰殖民政府先后委任为甲必丹和玛腰，即当地的侨领，富甲一方。新郎林景仁出自台湾板桥林家，也是台湾数一数二的富豪家族，即使1895年台湾因马关条约被割让给日本后，原籍福建省龙溪县的林家一部分族人迁到厦门，林家还有产业和族人留在台湾，并保留一定的影响力。棉兰张家和闽台林家，不只地理上隔着一个宽广的南中国海，族群上也分属不同的方言群。本文将讨论棉兰张家和闽台林家的姻缘是如何产生的？跨地域的商业和政治网络在这两大家族的婚姻中又扮演何种角色？此外，族群和地域背景如何影响林景仁和张福英的婚姻生活和事业发展？
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ZHANG, Haihong. "當代中國的公共衞生——基於儒家家庭觀的一點想法." International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.71471.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.在中國，無論是對公共衞生內涵的理解還是公共衞生建設的相應理念等在很大程度上都存在因襲、甚至照搬西方模式的問題。在公共衞生責任主體的界定問題上，中國政府強調其對公共衞生的有限責任，認為公共衞生建設是需要政府、社會、團體和民眾的廣泛參與、共同努力的系統工程；學者們卻對政府提出了更高的期望。基於政府應當在公共衞生中承擔主要責任的立場，筆者強調各責任主體在公共衞生中的合作關係。相比於西方社會，中國缺少第三部門 (或非牟利團體) 的社會現實決定了我們必須找尋適合中國自己的出路。通過對傳統儒家家庭觀的批判繼承，筆者認為應當借鑒指導中國家庭的組織與建構，進一步重塑家庭在當代中國公共衞生中的角色。筆者希望借助家庭作為中國社會傳統資源的優勢，讓其在當代轉型社會中充當連接政府和個人的橋樑。一方面，筆者試圖從傳統儒家思想出發建構其理論基礎，另一方面，筆者亦希望該努力能為中國的公共衞生建設找到一條有效途徑，以期為構建中國自己的公共衞生找尋到一條現實而合理的出路。The SARS epidemic in China in 2003 highlighted the significant role played by public health in contemporary society. It also stimulated public health research in Chinese academia. Although the area is too complex to be concisely defined, it is widely recognized that public health focuses mainly on prevention, protection, and promotion. In China, we have usually attempted to copy Western models to deal with Chinese problems in general and public health issues in particular. A serious problem, however, is that such models may fit Chinese contexts well. Chinese scholars have engaged in Western theoretical debates without considering China’s unique conditions. I think that this is not an effective way to conduct public health research in China.China faces three major problems in public health services. First, different kinds of chronic diseases severely affect people’s everyday lives, and there is wide regional disparity in public health. Second, it is very difficult to carry out public health services in many regions in the absence of a decent nation-wide minimum healthcare system and a trust relationship between physicians and patients. Finally, because of the one-child policy, the Chinese population has become old before the nation becomes wealthy.It is impossible for the government alone to deal with all of these difficult problems. Although public participation has been suggested, little has been done to encourage it. It is high time that China adopted a suitable strategy that is based on its unique traditional resources. The family is the key to public health in China. For more than five thousand years, Chinese society has been family based. Although the structure and functions of the family have greatly changed in contemporary times, the resources of the family cannot be overlooked in addressing public health in China. Confucian ethics, which underlie contemporary Chinese society, stem from ideas of proper family life, relationships, and management. If we seriously consider certain public health areas, including health education, disease prevention, and health promotion, then the role of the family is inevitably highlighted. The various elements of Confucianism, such as human flourishing, harmonious family life, filial duty, and mutual respect among family members, constitute the ethical guidelines for the construction of a theory of Chinese public health services and the practical application of such a theory. In addition, compared with Western countries, China still has a long way to go regarding third parties or nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) contributing to public health work. Perhaps family-based associations, such as traditional family clans, will be able to act as Confucianist NGOs and play a significant role in promoting Chinese public health.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 642 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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贾, 俊英. "理想与现实." 华人研究国际学报 10, no. 01 (June 2018): 53–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793724818000056.
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近代中国发展国货是一场历时30多年声势浩大的社会运动。南洋华侨以中华商会为核心，在国货运销南洋过程中扮演着重要角色。印尼中华商会自成立起将发展国货作为重要宗旨，创办国货陈列所、展览会、《国货专刊》，与中国各总商会、国货维持会、领事馆联合发展国货。1930年代，印尼各中华商会发展国货运动的规模、范围和系统性都有提升，主体不再局限于中华商会，各类社会团体及华商都参与其中。然而，因日货倾销、印尼政府输入限制条例、内部纷争、与领事馆、实业部的磨合，各地的区域差异，印尼中华商会发展国货运动虽取得了一定成效，却终难达理想成绩。总体来说，印尼中华总商会国货运动增强了华社的认同感和凝聚力，促进了国货厂商与南洋华商的合作，对清末民国的中国工业发展有重要意义。
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陶, 翔. "The Role of Government in Technological Innovation of Enterprises—Based on SWOT Analysis." Advances in Social Sciences 09, no. 07 (2020): 1098–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ass.2020.97152.
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Wang (王海娟), Haijuan, and Xuefeng He (贺雪峰). "The Modernization of the Peasant Economy: In Search of the Socialist Path (小农经济现代化的社会主义道路)." Rural China 14, no. 2 (September 20, 2017): 433–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22136746-20170002.
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Past studies have discussed the “socialist” nature of agricultural development in China in terms of equality in distribution since the introduction of the Household Responsibility System (hrs) and its institutional necessities. This article instead addresses the issue of the modernization of the peasant economy by exploring the various practices in agricultural production that led to a socialist path since 1980. The peasant economy under thehrstakes the form of a dual-layer management, and the collective economy is under the unified management by the collective. The collective economy propels the modernization of the peasant economy by the means of integration of funding, integration of land rights, and land concentration, respectively, in response to the different phases in the development of the forces of production. What is emerging in China is the fourth path to agricultural modernization characteristic of China, after the existing three paths, namely capitalist agriculture of large private farms, socialist agriculture of large collective farms, and the capitalist agriculture of small family farms. This new path, or socialist agriculture of small family farms, is characterized by the enlargement of the management unit on the basis of the collective economy that overcomes the constraints of the peasant economy. However, while institutional possibilities do exist for a socialist path in agricultural development in China, the policies pursued by the Chinese government are turning Chinese agriculture into capitalist agriculture of small family farms.学界从均等分配角度揭示了家庭承包经营制后农业发展的“社会主义”性质及其制度合理性，本文尝试从农业生产角度揭示1980年以来中国社会主义道路实践，探究小农经济现代化问题。家庭承包经营制改革后的小农经济采取双层经营体制，集体经济以集体统一经营的方式存在。在不同生产力阶段，集体经济分别以资金整合、地权整合和土地集中的方式，促进小农经济现代化。从集体经济扩大农业经营单位，克服小农经济局限性的角度，中国在资本主式私人大农场农业、社会主义式集体大农场农业、资本主义式小农家庭农业之外，探索出具有中国特色的第四种农业现代化道路，即社会主义式小农家庭农业。中国农业发展有走向社会主义道路的制度空间，但中国政府的政策选择使得中国农业发展正在走向资本主义式小农家庭农业。(This article is in Chinese.)
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周, 晨曦. "The Role of Government in the Construction of Ecological Civilization—Take the City C as an Example." International Journal of Ecology 09, no. 04 (2020): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ije.2020.94046.
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方, 科. "The Role of Sports Social Organizations in the Background of the Transformation of Government Function." Advances in Social Sciences 06, no. 09 (2017): 1145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ass.2017.69163.
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YUAN, Ming Hui. "另類文化帝國主義:台灣女性流行雜誌視覺權力與現代衝突性—以國際中文版《VOGUE》為例/Toward an Another Cultural Imperialism: Visual Power and Modern Conflicts on Taiwan’s Female Magazine VOGUE." Asian Studies, no. 2 (September 25, 2012): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2012.-16.2.79-95.
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摘要1987年台灣報禁解除，政府新聞局對於雜誌的控管僅限於色情刊物。台灣女性消費者藉由其視域(the visual field)的力量，複製到觸域(the contact zone)的親身體驗，卻於其全球化的過程中，盡情擁抱歐美名牌精品，睥睨忽視其傳統服飾之存在性。 此「國際中文版」的意涵，真有文化交流認知功用，抑或只是「哈日哈歐」的仿擬複製(simulation)？ 本文所希冀的正是一個從「存有論」、「認識論」的角度思考自解嚴之後，台灣於另一文化帝國主義之下的視覺權力矛盾性，嘗試探索於建國百年之際，此蕞爾小島女性追求視覺想像與身體自主之內在衝突。關鍵字: 視覺權力, 現代衝突性, 國際中文版, 文化帝國主義, VOGUEIzvlečekPo odpravi nadzora nad časopisnimi licencami na Tajvanu leta 1987 je vladni urad za informiranje nadziral le pornografske publikacije. Tajvanske bralke so pri branju ženskih modnih revij »izrezale« vizualno polje s kontekstom kitajskega prevoda in ga »zlepile« s kontaktnim poljem osebnih izkušenj. Medtem ko so strastno prevzemale ameriške in evropske dizajnerske kolekcije, so brezbrižno ignorirale obstoj tradicionalnih oblačil. Ali »kitajska mednarodna izdaja« tako razkriva kognitivno funkcijo kulturnih izmenjav ali gre le za manijo v posnemanju Japonske/Zahoda? Pričujoči članek z vidika ontologije in epistemologije proučuje protislovje vizualne moči v drugem kulturnem imperializmu Tajvana ter poskuša raziskati kulturne konflikte, vizualno predstavo in notranje konflikte bralk na otoku Formosa.Ključne besede: vizualna moč, moderni konflikti, kitajska mednarodna izdaja, kulturni imperializem, VOGUE
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Chung (鍾淑敏), Shu-min. "Taiwanese Migrants and the Development of “Japanese Tawau” in Prewar British North Borneo (臺灣移民與戰前英屬北婆羅洲「日本人的斗湖」之開發)." Translocal Chinese: East Asian Perspectives 11, no. 1 (February 17, 2017): 8–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24522015-01101003.
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This paper examines two waves of Japanese recruitment of Taiwanese migrants to British North Borneo (Sabah, Malaysia today) before World Warii. The North Borneo Chartered Company that governed the region from 1881 encouraged the inflow of migrants and foreign capital. By the time when Japan started to kick off its first wave of labor recruitment Taiwan in around 1915, ethnic Chinese migrants from the Straits Settlements and South China had formed significant communities in the shores of British North Borneo. But local labor power could not meet up the demand of the bourgeoning Japanese enterprises in mining, farming, and fishery industries in British North Borneo in general and in Tawau district in particular. Japan thus attempted to recruit workers from Taiwan to make up the insufficient number of Chinese migrants. In the 1920s, compared with their Chinese counterparts from South China, most Taiwanese did not settle in Borneo after their labor contract expired. The Japanese plan of developing a “Taiwan village” did not come true. In 1938, when Japan launched another launch another migrant scheme to send out Taiwanese to North Borneo, Japanese colonial regime in Taiwan rendered substantial capital and technology to the Taiwanese migrants. Now, Japan expected the Taiwanese to contribute more than their labor power but their connections with other Chinese descendants who had already settled there. In other words, Japan considered the interest of the Taiwanese migrants as part of the interests of the Japanese empire. The roles of prewar Taiwanese migration to British North Borneo should thus be understood by Japan’s Southward Expansion.本文探討1917年與1938年日本人兩波召募臺灣勞工前往英屬北婆羅洲（今馬來西亞沙巴）斗湖一帶的過程和影響。在英國鼓勵日本招募華工來開發當地的背景下，1917年時日本招募臺灣人的動機，最主要是為了因應華工招募不足的困境而採取的臨時性措施，臺灣人被視為華工的替代品。相對於華工，臺灣移工也沒有在當地形成久居的社區。而在1938年臺灣拓殖株式會社提出的移民計畫中，臺灣人已經不只是單純的勞動力，背後還有臺灣總督府為使其定居的經費補助。這或許便是臺拓計畫中所提及臺灣人日本化的成果：可賦予臺灣人更大的任務，去面對人口占居多數的斗湖華人。戰前臺灣人移居北婆羅洲可說是伴隨著總督府南進的風潮與政策中，扮演了不同階段所需要的角色。 (This article is in Chinese).
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Mndolwa, Maimbo W., and Fergus J. King. "In Two Minds? African Experience and Preferment in umca and the Journey to Independence in Tanganyika." Mission Studies 33, no. 3 (November 8, 2016): 327–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341466.
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This paper examines the role the Universities’ Mission to Central Africa (umca) played in the move towards independence in Tanganyika. It sees a paradox at the heart of the Society’s work and mission in its apparent affirmation of African experience but its seeming failure to promote African leadership. However, the lack of ecclesiastical preferment, due in part to circumstances beyond the control of the Society, could not quench its support for the value of African experience. Indeed, Christians formed in the umca tradition would go on to take key roles in government before and after independence, and eventually help to build a national church, the Church of the Province of Tanganyika (now the Anglican Church of Tanzania), which would embrace the African philosophy of Ujamaa (Unity) over narrow Anglo-Catholicism. 本篇文章检验 ‘中非大学宣教’ (umca) 在推动坦噶尼克独立过程中的角色。 本文发现此机构的工作与宣教核心中的矛盾，就是它一方面肯定非洲人的经验，另一方面它的失败却好像在于没能提拔非洲领袖。教会里的升迁， 一部分原因是超出了机构的控制范围。但是，这也不能熄灭机构对非洲经验价值的支持。的确， 从 umca 传统里出来的基督徒，独立前后在政府部门担当重职，而且最终帮助建立了一个本地教会，即坦噶尼克省教会（现为坦桑尼亚圣公会）。它包容了Ujamaa (合一) 的非洲哲学，而不是狭隘的圣公会高派教。 Este artículo examina el papel que la Misión de las Universidades al África Central (umca) jugó en el movimiento hacia la independencia de Tanganica. Puntualiza la paradoja existente entre el centro del trabajo y la misión de la Sociedad en su aparente afirmación de la experiencia africana, y lo que parece ser un fracaso en la promoción de líderes africanos. Sin embargo, la falta de puestos eclesiásticos, debido en parte a circunstancias fuera de su control, no apagó su apoyo a la experiencia africana. De hecho, los cristianos formados en la tradición umca tendrían papeles clave en el gobierno, antes y después de la independencia. Finalmente, ayudarían a la formación de una iglesia nacional, la Iglesia de la provincia de Tanganica (ahora la Iglesia Anglicana de Tanzania), que adoptaría la filosofía africana de la Ujamaa (Unidad) en lugar de un anglo-catolicismo con mentalidad estrecha. This article is in English.
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HUANG, Shu-Chen, and Hsiu-Ching CHANG. "Development of Asian Sport Industry." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.171884.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. Asia has been playing an important role politically and economically in the world and its influence will extend in the 21st century. At the meantime, sport industry is also booming in the Pacific Rim in terms of the concept of global village. Sport industry was a $213 billion USD business and ranked the sixth major industry in the United States in the 20th century. The global sport business has already exceeded $500 billion USD in the new millennium (Street & Smith’s Sports Business Journal, 1999). John Cappo, International Vice President at International Management Group (IMG) indicates that the World Cup Korea/Japan 2002 and the awarding of the Olympic Games to Beijing 2008 is a further testament of the increased proliferation of sports marketing in Asia. These countries and governments use the sports marketing platform to provide a window to the world, promote their countries, business and cultural exchange. This support and commit will further add to the development and growth of the sports marketing industry. There is no doubt about that the sport industry is an economic behemoth and it is creating unlimited potential opportunities for all kinds of business. The impact of sport business is increasing in Asia when the values of health and leisure are more emphasized. In addition, it is critical to understand the development of sport industry in Asia as the world trade is more globalized and sport business is more internationalized. Therefore, the purposes of this paper are to: 1) introduce the development of Asian sport industry in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan as the examples, 2) foresee the future development of sport industry in 21st century. 亞洲一直是世界經濟及政治的一個重要角色，它的影響力已延伸到21世紀。在世界村的觀念下，亞太地區的運動產業正在蓬勃發展。二十世紀的美國，運動產業是總值2,130億美元的第六大產業，而在這新的世紀裡，全球運動產業的總值已經超越5,000億美元，IMG的國際副總裁John Cappo指出2002年日本及韓國的世界盃及2008年的北京奧運證實了運動產業在亞洲的發展。這些國家及政府利用大型國際運動賽事來為本國宣傳，同時也促進文化及經濟的交流，像這些國家的付出及支持，更加速運動產業的發展。無疑的，運動產業這隻經濟巨獸已創造出無限的商機，尤其當健康及娛樂的價值在亞洲地區日益受到重視之際，運動產業的影響力也就與日俱增。在目前貿易全球化及運動商業國際化之時，了解亞洲國家的運動產業就顯得相當重要了。鑑此，本研究的主要目的是以中、日、韓、台為例，介紹亞洲的運動產業並預測二十一世紀該產業的發展。
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王苍柏. "中国四个城市吸引海外回流人才比较研究: 政策的视角." 华人研究国际学报 02, no. 02 (December 2010): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793724810000179.
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现有关于中国海外回流人才的研究，大多从国家的层次出发，强调中央或国家级的职能部门在指导全国规模的人才引进当中的政策、措施及作用。关于具体城市的人才流动则研究不足；对人才政策的区域性差异也有所忽略。为了弥补以上不足，本文从城市的层次和比较的视野，对海外回流人才政策进行初步分析。作者以中国四个最有代表性的城市—北京、上海、广州和深圳—作为研究重点。通过对这四个城市海外回流人才和政府官员的深入访谈，以及对各个城市所出台的人才政策及相关数据的分析，本研究显示：第一，对海外回流人才的吸引和使用，各个城市往往会根据当地的具体情况，出台“地方化”的人才政策，以增加其吸引力度和灵活性，从而呈现出不同的类型和特色。只有在比较研究的基础上，才能对整个中国的海外人才回流状况有更加真切和深入的了解。第二，有必要把海外人才回流放入一个多元互动的分析框架当中，避免陷入“就政策而政策”式的讨论。从根本上来说，回流人才的聚散取决于一个城市的产业结构所能够提供的就业机会和发展前景，同时受到社会、文化和地域等因素的制约。政策作为这个框架的重要一环，只有与其它因素相互配合，才能充分发挥其调控和疏导的作用。
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徐, 刚. "水库移民安置中政府职责研究." 水电水利 4, no. 4 (April 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/hwr.v4i4.2872.
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李, 亚博. "以加快环保产业发展助力绿色化:形势、思路与对策探究." 生态环境与保护 2, no. 5 (July 4, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/eep.v2i5.259.
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环境保护思想不断的深入人心,绿色经济有助于推动环保产业发展,环保产业的重要内容,是实现绿色化的重要基础、支撑和保障。"十三五"期间,新机遇在等待着我们,随着经济发展的不断变化,产业发展不断的呈现出新态势,绿色环保产业发展在经济发展中占主要地位,文章从不同角度剖析我国当前环保产业环保市场所存在的问题,法律、政策、政府行为、公民行为、资源、技术等一系列问题。加强市场的引导作用,减少政府过多干预,使我国环保产业不断的朝着市场化、专业化、产业化方向发展。充分发挥市场主体作用的发展思路,提出了创造市场、释放市场、激活市场、规范市场、强化支撑等环保产业发展措施。
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杜, 玮. "网络公共领域中大学生爱国主义话语表达与引导路径." 教育研究 3, no. 6 (June 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/er.v3i6.2792.
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网络公共领域成为当代大学生表达爱国情感的重要渠道。在媒体数字化进程中,大学生网络话语表达的娱乐化、视觉化和非理性化特征显现,基于“泛民主化”意识渗入,大学生自觉带入公民主体角色,在对内与对外的情绪性话语表达中形成体制批判下的极端忧患意识和个体与政府间的隐形对抗。基于此,为打破非理性沟通下造成的政府内外决策困境,爱国主义教育、网络法治规范、理性引导舆论、强化沟通机制成为正确引导大学生在网络公共领域中话语表达的必要之举。
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刘, 恺之. "浅析创客教育在中初等教育阶段的开展现状——以厦门市为例." 教育研究 2, no. 3 (April 28, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/er.v2i3.1750.
Full textAbstract:
全国范围内大力打造与扶持“创客”培育,人才培养计划已然深入各年龄层,中小学教育也逐步参与其中,这是大势所趋。教育事业的开展离不开“教育理念、教学方法、师资”三要素,离不开“政府、学校、企业”三角色。创客教育在中初等教育阶段的开展,短期看实质是信息化时代科技与中初等教育的新融合；长期看,亦离不开这三要素的长期积淀、与时俱进,离不开这三角色的良性互动、相辅相成。全社会对待创客教育在青少年的基础化普及,注重思维的引导,注重言传身教的品行。
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兰, 大贤. "渝东南民族地区旅游扶贫的主要困境及对策思考." 建筑发展 1, no. 2 (January 10, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/bd.v1i2.102.
Full textAbstract:
<span>渝东南生态保护发展区属重庆民族地区，旅游扶贫可行性强，但面临自然条件约束、经济基础薄弱、基础设施落后、旅游专业人才匮乏等困境。加快推进渝东南民族地区旅游扶贫的路径包括：明确当地政府、企业、居民三个角色定位；做好新农村建设与旅游扶贫结合的文章；突出土家族与苗族两大少数民族特色文化；在景区带动基础上因地制宜地采取生态旅游扶贫、乡村旅游扶贫模式、文化旅游扶贫三种开发模式。</span>
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李, 宏江. "特色小镇建设的实践与探索." 建筑发展 2, no. 8 (August 19, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/bd.v2i8.1580.
Full textAbstract:
随着我国改革开放进程的加快,我国出现了各种各样的别具特色的小镇发展模式。特色小镇的发展,符合目前我国社会发展的实际情况,能够有效的加快社会经济的发展。在特色小镇的发展,将产业定位、社区特征以及旅游功能等于一体,推动特色小镇的全面可持续发展。特色小镇是一种全新的战略发展模式,能够对当前经济新常态进行引领,也是当前新型城镇化建设实践的平台和载体。特色小镇建设要借助新观念、新视角、新路径,积极进行建设方式的探索和实践,结合各种元素,进一步推进特色小镇实践探索。特色小镇内涵极具特色,其功能极为丰富,集合“产业、城市、人文”为一体,推进了我国乡镇经济建设与文化发展。在政府的引导下,我國特色小镇建设取得了显著成绩。