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Journal articles on the topic 'Μ-Raman spectroscopy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Rinaudo, C., S. Cairo, D. Gastaldi, A. Gianfagna, S. Mazziotti Tagliani, G. Tosi, and C. Conti. "Characterization of fluoro-edenite by μ-Raman and μ-FTIR spectroscopy." Mineralogical Magazine 70, no. 3 (June 2006): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461067030332.

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AbstractThe prismatic variety of fluoro-edenite, a new amphibole found in lavas from Mt Etna in Biancavilla (Catania Province, Sicily, Italy), has been characterized by μ-Raman and μ-FTIR spectroscopy. The wavenumbers at which the bands are detected in the μ-Raman and μ-FTIR spectra are compared with tremolite, asbestos the chemical and crystallographic characteristics of which are very similar to those of fluoro-edenite.

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2

Guo, Xin, Yiqiang Wu, and Ning Yan. "Characterizing spatial distribution of the adsorbed water in wood cell wall of Ginkgo biloba L. by μ-FTIR and confocal Raman spectroscopy." Holzforschung 71, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2016-0145.

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Abstract The adsorbed water influences significantly, the physical and mechanical properties of wood. In the present paper, the spatial distribution of adsorbed water in wood cell walls has been studied by μ-Fourier transform infrared (μ-FTIR) and confocal Raman spectroscopy. In situ μ-FTIR spectra were collected from three randomly selected areas in different cell wall regions, which were exposed to an environment with 0% to 96% relative humidity (RH). The water adsorption sites were easily detectable based on OH, C=O, and C-O group vibrations and it was shown that the adsorbed water concentration was not uniform in different regions. Confocal Raman spectroscopy images were collected from the cell corner (CC) and middle layer of the secondary wall (S2) and the non-uniformity of water distribution could also be confirmed by this approach. It was demonstrated that both μ-FTIR and confocal Raman spectroscopy provide valuable information about the spatial distribution of adsorbed water in morphologically distinct cell wall regions.

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3

Dong, Junqing, Qinghui Li, and Yongqing Hu. "Multi-technique analysis of an ancient stratified glass eye bead by OCT, μ-XRF, and μ-Raman spectroscopy." Chinese Optics Letters 18, no. 9 (2020): 090001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202018.090001.

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4

Rickert, K., T. A. Prusnick, M. M. Kimani, E. A. Moore, C. A. Merriman, and J. M. Mann. "Assessing UO2 sample quality with μ-Raman spectroscopy." Journal of Nuclear Materials 514 (February 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.11.009.

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5

Xia, Jin Lan, Hong Chang Liu, Zhen Yuan Nie, Hong Rui Zhu, Yun Yang, Lei Wang, Jian Jun Song, et al. "Characterization of Microbe-Mineral Interfacial Interaction Based on Synchrotron Radiation Techniques." Advanced Materials Research 1130 (November 2015): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1130.123.

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This article presents the progress on characterization of the interfacial interaction between sulfur oxidizing microbes and sulfide minerals by using of synchrotron radiation-based techniques including S/Fe/Cu X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping and micro-scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (μ-STXM) imaging, together with other accessory approaches such as SEM/EDS, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods as well as comparative proteomics methodology.

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6

Tejerina, M. R., D. Jaque, and G. A. Torchia. "μ-Raman spectroscopy characterization of LiNbO3femtosecond laser written waveguides." Journal of Applied Physics 112, no. 12 (December 15, 2012): 123108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4769869.

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7

Nayeri, Moheb, Kim Nygård, Maths Karlsson, Manuel Maréchal, Manfred Burghammer, Michael Reynolds, and Anna Martinelli. "The role of the ionic liquid C6C1ImTFSI in the sol–gel synthesis of silica studied using in situ SAXS and Raman spectroscopy." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 15 (2015): 9841–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp00709g.

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8

Quintero Balbas, Diego, Barbara Cattaneo, Andrea Cagnini, Paolo Belluzzo, Silvia Innocenti, Sandra Rossi, Raffaella Fontana, and Jana Striova. "The Colors of the Butterfly Wings: Non-Invasive Microanalytical Studies of Hand-Coloring Materials in 19th-Century Daguerreotypes." Heritage 5, no. 4 (December 18, 2022): 4306–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage5040221.

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The public expected color from the early photographic images, yet, daguerreotypes—the first commercially available photographic process—failed to register the natural colors. Daguerreotypists developed several coloring methods to solve this inconvenience after 1840. Scientific analyses of the hand-colored daguerreotypes are limited, and the primary information sources available are manuals and patents. This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of hand-coloring techniques, which impacts conservation practices, mainly the cleaning procedures and complements technical art history investigations. We studied nine colored daguerreotypes with a non-invasive methodology based on three spectroscopic techniques: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), micro-Raman spectroscopy (μ-Raman), and micro-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in reflection mode (μ-rFTIR). The results revealed the different colorants and some of their mixtures employed by the colorist. It also adds information regarding the photographic production of three studios: Désiré François Millet, active in Paris between 1840 and 1868; Antoine Claudet (1797–1867), active in London; and the James E. McClees and Washington Lafayette Germon studio, operative between 1846 and 1855 in Philadelphia, USA. These technical details constitute a helpful comparison to future studies on Daguerreian studios and colored daguerreotypes.

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9

Saettler, P., M. Hecker, M. Boettcher, C. Rudolph, and K. J. Wolter. "μ-Raman spectroscopy and FE-modeling for TSV-Stress-characterization." Microelectronic Engineering 137 (April 2015): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2015.01.024.

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10

ZENG, A., E. LIU, P. HING, S. ZHANG, S. N. TAN, I. F. ANNERGREN, and J. GAO. "MICROSTRUCTURE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF SPUTTERED DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON FILMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2002): 1024–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202010804.

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Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films with different structure were deposited on highly electrically conductive silicon substrates (SiO2/Si), using dc magnetron sputtering deposition process. Their structure and electrochemical behavior in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution were studied with micro-Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) analysis and film impedance. The double layer capacitance on the DLC films was about 0.571 - 3.91 μ F-cm -2. The capacitance increased with the increased Raman spectrum intensity ratio I D / I G and accelerated at around 2.25 of the ratio. The results suggest that the potential of DLC films as electrode materials for electrochemical analysis.

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11

Barletta, Robert E., and Christopher H. Roe. "Chemical analysis of ice vein μ-environments." Polar Record 48, no. 4 (November 23, 2011): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247411000635.

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ABSTRACTIcy environments (glacial ice and sea ice) can be complex ecosystems, supporting a diversity of communities. In particular, the μ-environments in which bacteria and algae are found are poorly understood. One important habitat is the liquid trapped in the ice, either as veins and triple junctions inherent in the ice structure or as liquid inclusions. μ-Raman spectroscopy is an analytical tool with the potential to characterise qualitatively and quantitatively these liquid μ-environments especially with respect to molecular anions such as nitrate, sulphate, bisulphate and MSA. Using a model system for glacial ice, splat-cooled samples were prepared from aqueous solutions of these anions at varying concentrations (50–75 mM total sulphate, 30–200 mM nitrate, and 10–55 mM MSA). Concentrations of these anions in the vein liquid were measured directly and non-destructively at –15 °C using μ-Raman spectroscopy. In agreement with predicted concentrations in glacial ice veins, it was found that typical ionic concentrations in veins are quite high, with mean concentrations ranging from 0.23 M to 3.5 M depending on anion type and initial concentration. For sulphate solutions, it was also possible to measure vein pH's directly. The observed pH in these systems was extremely low, in some cases ~1. The results of these model studies as well as the implications for ice vein concentrations in natural systems of polycrystalline ice are discussed.

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12

Itoh, Y., S. Hibi, T. Hioki, and J. Kawamoto. "Tribological properties of metals modified by ion-beam assisted deposition of silicone oil." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 4 (April 1991): 871–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.0871.

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Silicone oil vapor deposition and Ar+ ion irradiation can form an adhesive carbonaceous film on a steel substrate. The friction coefficient μ of the coated substrate is found to be very low for sliding against a steel ball both in air (μ ∼ 0.04) and in N2 gas (μ < 0.02). The duration of the low friction state is comparatively long and is 5 × 103–1.5 × 104 cycles for a film 0.15 μm thick. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, infrared reflection spectra, and Raman measurements indicate that the film mainly consists of amorphous carbon containing Si and O.

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13

Barletta, Robert E., and Heather M. Dikes. "Chemical analysis of sea ice vein μ-environments using Raman spectroscopy." Polar Record 51, no. 2 (January 16, 2014): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247413000922.

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ABSTRACTSea ice is a unique environment providing a vast habitat for a variety of life, including microscopic organisms. It accounts for roughly 5–6% of the surface area of the oceans. It is a complex porous structure of crystalline water, gas bubbles, and pockets of brine, as well as a connected structure composed of macro- and micro-porosity filled with concentrated aqueous liquids. Using micro-Raman spectroscopy, it is possible to characterise features of ice at a spatial resolution of a few to tens of micrometers, the scale of relevance to trapped microorganisms, by providing information concerning the presence and amount of molecular species present in the trapped liquids. We have applied this technique to determine the spatial distribution of sulphate, phosphate and carbonate anions in sea-ice veins using ice obtained from the vicinity of the Palmer Station, Antarctica. The observed sulphate concentrations were approximately 20–30% higher than nominal surface seawater concentrations, consistent with the concentration of brine in vein and inclusion liquids during the ice formation process. This concentration was lower than that in veins present in laboratory-prepared ice. Carbonate and dibasic phosphate anions were also observed in the sea ice. This speciation is consistent with an alkaline environment in the sea-ice aqueous system. The mean dibasic phosphate concentration found throughout the sample was 648 mM, while, for carbonate, it was 485 mM. However, these anions showed extremely high spatial variability. The high phosphate and carbonate enhancements observed relative to sulphate point to the influence of processes other than brine formation controlling the chemistry of these anions in sea ice.

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14

Kociniewski, T., J. Moussodji, and Z. Khatir. "μ-Raman spectroscopy for stress analysis in high power silicon devices." Microelectronics Reliability 54, no. 9-10 (September 2014): 1770–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.149.

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15

Begliarbekov, Milan, Onejae Sul, Sokratis Kalliakos, Eui-Hyeok Yang, and Stefan Strauf. "Determination of edge purity in bilayer graphene using μ-Raman spectroscopy." Applied Physics Letters 97, no. 3 (July 19, 2010): 031908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3464972.

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16

Camerlingo, Carlo, Marianna Portaccio, Fabrizia d’Apuzzo, Ludovica Nucci, Letizia Perillo, and Maria Lepore. "μ-FTIR, μ-Raman, and SERS Analysis of Amide I Spectral Region in Oral Biofluid Samples during Orthodontic Treatment." Sensors 22, no. 20 (October 17, 2022): 7874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207874.

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Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a site-specific exudate deriving from the epithelium lining of the gingival sulcus. GCF analysis provides a simple and noninvasive diagnostic procedure to follow-up periodontal and bone remodeling in response to diseases or mechanical stimuli such as orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). In recent years, the use of vibrational spectroscopies such as Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman microspectroscopy and Surface-Enhanced Raman spectroscopy contributed to characterizing changes in GCF during fixed orthodontic treatment. Amide I band plays a relevant role in the analysis of these changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the spectroscopy response of Amide I depending on the OTM process duration. A model based on Gaussian–Lorentzian curves was used to analyze the infrared spectra, while only Lorentzian functions were used for Raman and SERS spectra. Changes induced by the OTM process in subcomponents of the Amide I band were determined and ascribed to secondary structure modification occurring in proteins. The vibrational spectroscopies allow us to efficiently monitor the effects of the orthodontic force application, thus gaining increasing attention as tools for individual patient personalization in clinical practice.

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17

Al-Hamdan, Rana S., Basil Almutairi, Hiba F. Kattan, Saad Alresayes, Tariq Abduljabbar, and Fahim Vohra. "Assessment of Hydroxyapatite Nanospheres Incorporated Dentin Adhesive. A SEM/EDX, Micro-Raman, Microtensile and Micro-Indentation Study." Coatings 10, no. 12 (December 3, 2020): 1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121181.

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Hydroxyapatite (HA) delivery with resin adhesives has potential for re-mineralization of resin–dentin interface. The study prepared an adhesive containing HA and confirmed its presence in adhesive and interaction with the dentin using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Micro-Raman spectroscopy. The aim was to assess the influence of HA incorporation in dentin adhesive on its microtensile bond strength (μ-tbs) and Knoop microhardness (KHN). Thirty teeth each were bonded with CA and HA adhesive using a 10-s smear and photo-polymerized. The specimens in each adhesive group (CA and HA) were divided into sub-groups of 24 h, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks (n = 10) aging durations. μ-tbs was assessed at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute and bonded interface was analyzed using SEM (n = 20) and Raman spectroscopy (n = 10). Softening of HA adhesive and CA was assessed using KHN. HA adhesive presented higher μ-tbs compared to CA. With an increase in storage time, HA adhesive presented with 100% adhesive failure. Softening was less and KHN was higher for HA adhesive compared to CA (p < 0.05). KHN reduction was higher in CA [19.6 (5.1)%] compared to the HA adhesives [9.7 (4.5)%]. HA adhesive showed superior μTBS and microhardness compared to CA. In the absence of nanoleakage, HA modified adhesive exhibited enhanced bond integrity and better durability of resin dentin bond compared to control adhesive.

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18

Presser, V., M. Keuper, C. Berthold, and K. G. Nickel. "Experimental Determination of the Raman Sampling Depth in Zirconia Ceramics." Applied Spectroscopy 63, no. 11 (November 2009): 1288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370209789806975.

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This study provides experimentally determined values for the actual μ-Raman spectroscopy sampling depth in zirconia ceramics (ZrO,2) via line scans on a wedge-shaped sample. Common instrumental settings with metallurgical objective lenses in dry air, argon-ion, and helium-neon laser radiation of approximately 10 mW were chosen. Under those conditions effective sampling depths, defined as the depth at which 99% of the information is recorded, range from 20 to more than 50 μm, depending on the numerical aperture of the lens and the laser wavelength. These results elucidate the pitfalls of the investigation of surface phenomena in zirconia ceramics such as low-temperature degradation or mechanically induced phase transformations by Raman spectroscopy.

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19

Cai, Shuxian, Xingfang Liu, Xin Zheng, and Zhonghua Liu. "Growth of Ordered Graphene Ribbons by Sublimation Epitaxy." Crystals 8, no. 12 (November 30, 2018): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst8120449.

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Ordered graphene ribbons were grown on the surface of 4° off-axis 4H-SiC wafers by sublimation epitaxy, and characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy (μ-Raman). SEM showed that there were gray and dark ribbons on the substrate surface, and AFM further revealed that these ordered graphene ribbons had clear stepped morphologies due to surface step-bunching. It was shown by μ-Raman that the numbers of graphene layers of these two types of regions were different. The gray region was composed of mono- or bilayer ordered graphene ribbon, while the dark region was of tri- or few-layer ribbon. Meanwhile, ribbons were all homogeneous and had a width up to 40 μm and a length up to 1000 μm, without micro defects such as grain boundaries, ridges, or mono- and few-layer graphene mixtures. The results of this study are useful for optimized growth of high-quality graphene film on silicon carbide crystal.

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20

Wojciechowska, Agnieszka, Anna Gągor, Wiktor Zierkiewicz, Anna Jarząb, Agnieszka Dylong, and Marek Duczmal. "Metal–organic framework in an l-arginine copper(ii) ion polymer: structure, properties, theoretical studies and microbiological activity." RSC Advances 5, no. 46 (2015): 36295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra02790j.

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A novel 1D polymeric copper(ii) complex of formula {[Cu(l-Arg)₂(μ-4,4′-bpy)]Cl₂·3H₂O_∞} was synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, Raman, electron paramagnetic resonance and NIR-vis-UV spectroscopy, and its microbiological properties were analyzed.

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21

George, Jaime L., and Richard K. Brow. "In-situ characterization of borate glass dissolution kinetics by μ-Raman spectroscopy." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 426 (October 2015): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2015.07.003.

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22

Zucchiatti, A., P. Prati, A. Bouquillon, L. Giuntini, M. Massi, A. Migliori, A. Cagnana, and S. Roascio. "Characterisation of early medieval frescoes by μ-PIXE, SEM and Raman spectroscopy." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 219-220 (June 2004): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2004.01.021.

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23

Cetinel, A., N. Artunç, G. Sahin, and E. Tarhan. "Influence of applied current density on the nanostructural and light emitting properties of n-type porous silicon." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 15 (May 25, 2015): 1550093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215500939.

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Effects of current density on nanostructure and light emitting properties of porous silicon (PS) samples were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), gravimetric method, Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. FE-SEM images have shown that below 60 mA/cm 2, macropore and mesopore arrays, exhibiting rough morphology, are formed together, whose pore diameter, pore depth and porosity are about 265–760 nm, 58–63 μ m and 44–61%, respectively. However, PS samples prepared above 60 mA/cm 2 display smooth and straight macropore arrays, with pore diameter ranging from 900–1250 nm, porosity of 61–80% and pore depth between 63–69 μ m . Raman analyses have shown that when the current density is increased from 10 mA/cm 2 to 100 mA/cm 2, Raman peaks of PS samples shift to lower wavenumbers by comparison to crystalline silicon (c-Si). The highest Raman peak shift is found to be 3.2 cm -1 for PS sample, prepared at 90 mA/cm 2, which has the smallest nanocrystallite size, about 5.2 nm. This sample also shows a pronounced PL, with the highest blue shifting, of about 12 nm. Nanocrystalline silicon, with the smallest nanocrystallite size, confirmed by our Raman analyses using microcrystal model (MCM), should be responsible for both the highest Raman peak shift and PL blue shift due to quantum confinement effect (QCE).

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24

YANG, HUIDONG, CHUNYA WU, YAOHUA MAI, HONGBO LI, YAN LI, YING ZHAO, JUNMING XUE, et al. "HIGH GROWTH-RATE DEPOSITION OF μc-Si:H THIN FILM AT LOW TEMPERATURE WITH VHF-PECVD." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 28n29 (November 20, 2002): 4259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202015212.

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High growth rate deposition of μ c - Si:H film with VHF-PECVD at low temperature has been reported. Investigations showed that growth rates enhanced with higher excitation frequency and working pressure, but increased at first then decreased with the increase of plasma power. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was introduced to monitor VHF plasma. The relationship between the growth rates and the OES results has been discussed. Raman spectra were also used to study the a - Si:H /μ c - Si:H phase transition. Finally a high growth rate of 2.0nm/s has been obtained through the initially optimized condition.

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25

Coutinho, Mathilda L., João Pedro Veiga, Andreia Ruivo, Teresa Pereira da Silva, Silvia Bottura-Scardina, Maria Margarida R. A. Lima, Carlos Pereira, et al. "Characterization of Tableware from Fábrica de Loiça de Sacavém—Linking Analytical and Documental Research." Minerals 14, no. 3 (March 21, 2024): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14030324.

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Fábrica de Loiça de Sacavém (ca. 1858–1994) was among the first to produce white earthenware in Portugal, becoming one of the country’s leading ceramic manufacturers during the late 19th to early 20th centuries. Research on white earthenware has accompanied the growing interest in post-industrial archaeology but is still poorly explored compared to more ancient ceramic productions. This study focused on the ceramic body, glazes, and colourants of tableware produced by Fábrica de Loiça de Sacavém during the first 50 years of its activity (1859–1910). A multi-analytical approach was selected to investigate the chemical and mineralogical composition of the ceramic body, glaze, and pigments using optical microscopy, variable-pressure scanning electron microscope energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (VP-SEM-EDS), μ-Raman spectroscopy, μ-X-ray Diffraction (μ-XRD), and reflectance spectroscopy (hyperspectral image analysis). The studied tableware was produced with a Ca-poor siliceous–aluminous white earthenware ceramic body covered with transparent alkali lead or lead borosilicate glaze, and most colourants were complex Cr-based pigments. These results are in agreement with the little documental evidence from this period found in the manufacturer’s archives.

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26

Bicchieri, Marina, Paola Biocca, Claudia Caliri, and Francesco Paolo Romano. "Complementary MA‐XRF and μ ‐Raman results on two Leonardo da Vinci drawings." X-Ray Spectrometry 50, no. 4 (February 15, 2021): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3223.

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27

Prywer, Jolanta, D. Kasprowicz, and T. Runka. "Temperature-dependent μ-Raman investigation of struvite crystals." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 158 (April 2016): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2016.01.005.

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Camerlingo, Carlo, Fabrizia D’Apuzzo, Marcella Cammarota, Sonia Errico, Marianna Portaccio, Letizia Perillo, and Maria Lepore. "Human Periodontal Ligament Characterization by Means of Vibrational Spectroscopy and Electron Microscopy." Engineering Proceedings 2, no. 1 (November 14, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-7-08176.

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Human periodontal ligament (PDL) is a membrane-like connective tissue interposed between the tooth root and the alveolar bone, the main component of which is represented by collagen fibers. During the early stage of application of orthodontic forces, different changes occur in PDL. For this reason, its characterization with conventional and non-conventional techniques can be extremely interesting. We investigated samples of PDL of orthodontic patients, aged between 13 and 21 years, using different experimental techniques. Morphological characterization of PDL samples was carried out by using a scanning electron microscope. Fourier-Transform Infrared (μ-FT-IR) and Raman (μ-RS) microspectroscopies were used for biochemical characterization of PDL samples. A biochemical characterization of PDL tissues with clear evidence of contributions from collagen, lipid and other protein was obtained. The analysis of Amide I and Amide III components was also performed, giving an indication of the protein secondary structure.

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29

La Via, Francesco, Luca Belsito, Ferri Matteo, Sergio Sapienza, Alberto Roncaglia, Marcin Zielinski, and Viviana Scuderi. "Residual Stress Measurement by Raman on Surface-Micromachined Monocrystalline 3C-SiC on Silicon on insulator." Materials Science Forum 1062 (May 31, 2022): 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-04623q.

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In this work, we investigate, by μ-Raman spectroscopy the distribution of stress field on a micro-machined structures. They were realized on a 3C-SiC substrate, grown on a Silicon On Insulator (SOI) wafer, after lithography and etching processes. Various structures, such as strain gauge, single and double clamped beams, were analyzed, showing different stress distributions. All the structures show an intense variation of stress close to the undercut region.

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30

Jubert, A. H., E. L. Varetti, K. Nakamoto, O. Sala, and P. J. Aymonino. "Raman resonance excitation profile of the μ-oxobis[pentacyanomanganate (III)] ion." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 18, no. 8 (December 1987): 577–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250180808.

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31

Makukha, Oksana, Ivan Lysenko, and Ali Belarouci. "Liquid-Modulated Photothermal Phenomena in Porous Silicon Nanostructures Studied by μ-Raman Spectroscopy." Nanomaterials 13, no. 2 (January 11, 2023): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13020310.

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In the present study, the effect of liquid filling of the nanopore network on thermal transport in porous Si layers was investigated by μ-Raman spectroscopy. The values of thermal conductivity of porous Si and porous Si-hexadecane composites were estimated by fitting the experimentally measured photoinduced temperature rise with finite element method simulations. As a result, filling the pores with hexadecane led to (i) an increase in the thermal conductivity of the porous Si-hexadecane composite in a wide range of porosity levels (40–80%) and (ii) a suppression of the characteristic laser-induced phase transition of Si from cubic to hexagonal form.

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32

Holland, Patrick L., Christopher J. Cramer, Elizabeth C. Wilkinson, Samiran Mahapatra, Kenton R. Rodgers, Shinobu Itoh, Masayasu Taki, Shunichi Fukuzumi, Lawrence Que,, and William B. Tolman. "Resonance Raman Spectroscopy as a Probe of the Bis(μ-oxo)dicopper Core." Journal of the American Chemical Society 122, no. 5 (February 2000): 792–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja992003l.

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33

Lugstein, Alois, Mario Mijić, Thomas Burchhart, Clemens Zeiner, Rupert Langegger, Michael Schneider, Ulrich Schmid, and Emmerich Bertagnolli. "In situmonitoring of Joule heating effects in germanium nanowires by μ-Raman spectroscopy." Nanotechnology 24, no. 6 (January 16, 2013): 065701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/24/6/065701.

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34

Cuscó, R., F. Guitián, S. de Aza, and L. Artús. "Differentiation between hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate by means of μ-Raman spectroscopy." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 18, no. 9 (January 1998): 1301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0955-2219(98)00057-0.

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Bailey, D. J., M. C. Stennett, J. Heo, and N. C. Hyatt. "Use of WetSEM® capsules for convenient multimodal scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and micro Raman spectroscopy characterisation of technetium oxides." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 328, no. 3 (May 21, 2021): 1313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-021-07737-5.

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AbstractSEM–EDX and Raman spectroscopy analysis of radioactive compounds is often restricted to dedicated instrumentation, within radiological working areas, to manage the hazard and risk of contamination. Here, we demonstrate application of WetSEM® capsules for containment of technetium powder materials, enabling routine multimodal characterisation with general user instrumentation, outside of a controlled radiological working area. The electron transparent membrane of WetSEM® capsules enables SEM imaging of submicron non-conducting technetium powders and acquisition of Tc Lα X-ray emission, using a low cost desktop SEM–EDX system, as well as acquisition of good quality μ-Raman spectra using a 532 nm laser.

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36

Costantini, Rosa, Luca Nodari, Jacopo La Nasa, Francesca Modugno, Lucia Bonasera, Sara Rago, Alfonso Zoleo, Stefano Legnaioli, and Patrizia Tomasin. "Preserving the Ephemeral: A Micro-Invasive Study on a Set of Polyurethane Scenic Objects from the 1960s and 1970s." Polymers 15, no. 9 (April 28, 2023): 2111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092111.

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Among the innovative materials used by 20th-century artists, polyurethane (PUR) has been shown to be highly unstable, and therefore artworks made of it are now in need of careful conservation strategies. This study presents a multi-analytical investigation of PUR foam scenic objects originally made between the 1960s and 1970s during the Italian Arte Viva movement. The main components in the foam and additives were characterized through micro attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (μ-ATR-FTIR) and pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Painted samples were further investigated through μ-FTIR and Raman spectroscopy to define binders and pigments. The use of μ-ATR-FTIR in combination with evolved gas analysis-mass spectrometry (EGA-MS) allowed the variable conditions of the artworks to be assessed and attained some insights into the chemical processes responsible for aging. At the same time, morphological changes due to the degradation phenomena were recorded through optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The detailed characterization of the PUR foam and painting materials was helpful in attaining some insights into harmful environmental parameters for the artworks, thus informing preventive conservation.

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Charwat-Pessler, J., M. Musso, K. Entacher, B. Plank, P. Schuller-Götzburg, S. Tangl, and A. Petutschnigg. "Improving CT Image Analysis of Augmented Bone with Raman Spectroscopy." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/271459.

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In recent years, bone graft substitutes have been increasingly used in the medical field, for example, in order to promote new bone formation. Microcomputed tomography (μ-CT) is an image-guided technique used in medicine as well as in materials science, enabling the characterization of biomaterials with high spatial resolution. X-ray-based methods provide density information; however, the question how far conclusions on chemical structures can be inferred from any kind of CT information has not been intensively investigated yet. In the present study, a bone sample consisting of autogenous bone derived cells (ABCs) and bovine bone mineral (BBM) was investigated byμ-CT and Raman spectroscopic imaging, that is, by two nondestructive imaging methods. Thereby, the image data were compared by means of regression analysis and digital image processing methods. It could be found that 51.8% of the variance of gray level intensities, as a result ofμ-CT, can be described by different Raman spectra of particular interest for bone composition studies by means of a multiple linear regression. With the better description ofμ-CT images by the linear model, a better distinction of different bone components is possible. Therefore, the method shown can be applied to improve CT-image-based bone modeling in the future.

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Yachandra, Vittal K. "Structure of the manganese complex in photosystem II: insights from X–ray spectroscopy." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 357, no. 1426 (October 29, 2002): 1347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1133.

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We have used Mn K–edge absorption and Kβ emission spectroscopy to determine the oxidation states of the Mn complex in the various S states. We have started exploring the new technique of resonant inelastic X–ray scattering spectroscopy; this technique can be characterized as a Raman process that uses K–edge energies (1s to 4p, ca . 6550 eV) to obtain L–edge–like spectra (2p to 3d, ca . 650 eV). The relevance of these data to the oxidation states and structure of the Mn complex is presented. We have obtained extended X–ray absorption fine structure data from the S 0 and S 3 states and observed heterogeneity in the Mn–Mn distances leading us to conclude that there may be three rather than two di– μ –oxo–bridged units present per tetranuclear Mn cluster. In addition, we have obtained data using Ca and Sr X–ray spectroscopy that provide evidence for a heteronuclear Mn1Ca cluster. The possibility of three di– μ –oxo–bridged Mn–Mn moieties and the proximity of Ca is incorporated into developing structural models for the Mn cluster. The involvement of bridging and terminal O ligands of Mn in the mechanism of oxygen evolution is discussed in the context of our X–ray spectroscopy results.

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Perillo, Letizia, Fabrizia d’Apuzzo, Maddalena Illario, Luigi Laino, Gaetano Di Spigna, Maria Lepore, and Carlo Camerlingo. "Monitoring Biochemical and Structural Changes in Human Periodontal Ligaments during Orthodontic Treatment by Means of Micro-Raman Spectroscopy." Sensors 20, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020497.

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The aim of the study was to examine the biochemical and structural changes occurring in the periodontal ligament (PDL) during orthodontic-force application using micro-Raman spectroscopy ( μ -RS). Adolescent and young patients who needed orthodontic treatment with first premolar extractions were recruited. Before extractions, orthodontic forces were applied using a closed-coil spring that was positioned between the molar and premolar. Patients were randomly divided into three groups, whose extractions were performed after 2, 7, and 14 days of force application. From the extracted premolars, PDL samples were obtained, and a fixation procedure with paraformaldehyde was adopted. Raman spectra were acquired for each PDL sample in the range of 1000–3200 cm − 1 and the more relevant vibrational modes of proteins (Amide I and Amide III bands) and CH 2 and CH 3 modes were shown. Analysis indicated that the protein structure in the PDL samples after different time points of orthodontic-force application was modified. In addition, changes were observed in the CH 2 and CH 3 high wavenumber region due to local hypoxia and mechanical force transduction. The reported results indicated that μ -RS provides a valuable tool for investigating molecular interchain interactions and conformational modifications in periodontal fibers after orthodontic tooth movement, providing quantitative insight of time occurring for PDL molecular readjustment.

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Nkebiwe, Peteh Mehdi, Kay Sowoidnich, Martin Maiwald, Bernd Sumpf, Tobias Edward Hartmann, Daniel Wanke, and Torsten Müller. "Detection of calcium phosphate species in soil by confocal μ‐Raman spectroscopy ^#." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 185, no. 2 (January 18, 2022): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202100233.

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Iriarte, Mercedes, Antonio Hernanz, Jose M. Gavira-Vallejo, Javier Alcolea-González, and Rodrigo de Balbín-Behrmann. "μ-Raman spectroscopy of prehistoric paintings from the El Reno cave (Valdesotos, Guadalajara, Spain)." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 14 (August 2017): 454–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2017.06.008.

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Castro, J., J. Godinho, A. Mata, J. M. Silveira, and S. Pessanha. "Study of the effects of unsupervised over-the counter whitening products on dental enamel using μ -Raman and μ -EDXRF spectroscopies." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 47, no. 4 (December 8, 2015): 444–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.4840.

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43

Scuderi, Viviana, Cristiano Calabretta, Ruggero Anzalone, Marco Mauceri, and Francesco La Via. "Characterization of 4H- and 6H-Like Stacking Faults in Cross Section of 3C-SiC Epitaxial Layer by Room-Temperature μ-Photoluminescence and μ-Raman Analysis." Materials 13, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 1837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081837.

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We report a comprehensive investigation on stacking faults (SFs) in the 3C-SiC cross-section epilayer. 3C-SiC growth was performed in a horizontal hot-wall chemical vapour deposition (CVD) reactor. After the growth (85 microns thick), the silicon substrate was completely melted inside the CVD chamber, obtaining free-standing 4 inch wafers. A structural characterization and distribution of SFs was performed by μ-Raman spectroscopy and room-temperature μ-photoluminescence. Two kinds of SFs, 4H-like and 6H-like, were identified near the removed silicon interface. Each kind of SFs shows a characteristic photoluminescence emission of the 4H-SiC and 6H-SiC located at 393 and 425 nm, respectively. 4H-like and 6H-like SFs show different distribution along film thickness. The reported results were discussed in relation with the experimental data and theoretical models present in the literature.

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Wang, Junying, Guanna Li, Xiaohua Ju, Haian Xia, Fengtao Fan, Junhu Wang, Zhaochi Feng, and Can Li. "Identification of Fe2(μ-O) and Fe2(μ-O)2 sites in Fe/ZSM-35 by in situ resonance Raman spectroscopy." Journal of Catalysis 301 (May 2013): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2013.01.023.

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45

Iriarte, Mercedes, Antonio Hernanz, Juan F. Ruiz-López, and Santiago Martín. "μ-Raman spectroscopy of prehistoric paintings from the Abrigo Remacha rock shelter (Villaseca, Segovia, Spain)." Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 44, no. 11 (August 26, 2013): 1557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.4367.

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46

Germinario, Chiara, Giuseppe Cultrone, Alberto De Bonis, Francesco Izzo, Alessio Langella, Mariano Mercurio, Luca Nodari, Christopher R. Vyhnal, and Celestino Grifa. "μ-Raman spectroscopy as a useful tool for improving knowledge of ancient ceramic manufacturing technologies." Applied Clay Science 253 (June 2024): 107347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2024.107347.

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47

Hakimi, Mohammad, Zahra Mardani, Keyvan Moeini, Mao Minoura, and Heidar Raissi. "Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of a Binuclear Cadmium Iodide Complex with a Multi-N-donor Oxazolidine Ligand." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 66, no. 11 (November 1, 2011): 1122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2011-1106.

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The ligand, 2-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)oxazolidin-3-yl)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)ethanamine, POPME, was prepared via microwave-supported Schiff base and oxazolidination reactions. The cadmium iodide complex [Cd2(POPME)(μ-I)2I2] was prepared and identified by elemental analysis, IR, Raman and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the crystal structure two Cd(II) ions with coordination numbers four and six are bridged by two iodide anions. Cd1 and Cd2 have distorted octahedral CdI2N4 and tetrahedral CdI4 geometries, respectively.Weak intermolecular hydrogen bonds H・・・I and H・・・O stabilize the supramolecular network

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Laughlin, Gary J., and Dean Golemis. "Inter/Micro 2022 — International Microscopy Conference." Microscope 69, no. 3 (2022): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.59082/ebiz6604.

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McCrone Research Institute in Chicago was pleased to hold the Inter/Micro international microscopy conference again on Sept. 20 – 23, 2022, after a two-year hiatus due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This 72nd annual gathering of professional and amateur microscopists featured research talks on the first two days, covering advancements in instrumentation, new techniques, and practical applications in various fields of microscopy and microanalysis. Speakers focused on light microscopy, SEM, TEM, EDS, microspectrophotometry, electron backscatter diffraction, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, μ-Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, microchemistry, forensic trace evidence, and materials analysis.

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Begum, N., A. S. Bhatti, M. Piccin, G. Bais, F. Jabeen, S. Rubini, F. Martelli, and A. Franciosi. "Raman Scattering from GaAs Nanowires Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy." Advanced Materials Research 31 (November 2007): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.31.23.

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Self-assembled nanowires have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in electronics and optoelectronics. A recent interest in Mn catalyzed GaAs nanowires are due to their potential use in spintronic devices at nanoscale. High densities of Au- and Mncatalyzed self-assembled GaAs nanowires (NWs) with diameter in the range of 20 to 200 nm and length of few microns were synthesized by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on different substrates at varied substrate temperatures. These nanowires were investigated by means of μ-Raman spectroscopy at room temperature. The Raman spectra from NWs show an energy downshift and a broadening of the LO and TO phonon lines that differ from those of epitaxial GaAs. We suggest that those downshift and broadening are due to the relaxation of the q=0 selection rule in the presence of structural defects in the nanowires. The results indicate that the use of Mn instead of Au as growth catalyst does not affect the structural quality of the nanowires drastically.

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Park, Jeung Hun, Richard S. Kim, Se-Jeong Park, Gye-Choon Park, and Choong-Heui Chung. "Nondestructive Characterizations of Au-Catalyzed GaAs Nanowires on GaAs(111)B Substrates via Identifications of 1st Order Optical Phonon Modes Using μ-Raman Spectroscopy." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 4358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17586.

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We report the relation between the catalyst patterning conditions and the intensity of the 1st order Raman active modes in Au-catalyzed GaAs nanowire bundles. We fabricated e-beam lithographically Au-patterned GaAs(111)B substrates by varying the patterning conditions (e-beam dose rate, dot-size and interdot-spacings), and grew GaAs nanowires via vapor–liquid–solid process using a solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. To understand the effects of the substrate preparation conditions and resulting morphologies on the optical characteristics of 1st order transverse optical and longitudinal optical phonon modes of GaAs, we characterized the nanowire bundles using complementary μ-Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy as a function of the e-beam dose rate (145–595 μC/cm2), inter-dot spacing (100 and 150 nm) and pattern size (100 and 150 nm). Ensembles of single crystalline GaAs nanowires covered with different Au-thickness exhibit a downshift and asymmetric broadening of the 1st order transverse optical and longitudinal optical phonon peaks relative to GaAs bulk modes. We also showed that the sensitivity of a downshift and broadening of Raman spectra are directly related to morphological and surface coverage variations in as-grown nanowires. We observed clear increases of the transverse optical and longitudinal optical intensity as well as the relatively higher peak shift and broadening of Raman spectra from the 100 nm patterning in response to the dose rate change. Strong dependence of Raman spectra of the nanowire bundles on the e-beam dose rate changes are attributed to the variations in spatial density, size, shape and random growth orientation of the wires. We have shown that the identification of the changes in GaAs longitudinal optical and Arsenic anti-site peaks is good indicators to characterize the quality of as-grown GaAs nanowires. Our finding confirms the utilization of Raman spectroscopy as a powerful tool for characterizing chemical, structural, and morphological information of as-grown nanowires within the supporting substrate.

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