Journal articles: 'Μ-crystallins'

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Schröder, Imke, Alexander Vadas, Eric Johnson, Sierin Lim, and Harold G. Monbouquette. "A Novel Archaeal Alanine Dehydrogenase Homologous to Ornithine Cyclodeaminase and μ-Crystallin." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 22 (November 15, 2004): 7680–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.22.7680-7689.2004.

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ABSTRACT A novel alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) showing no significant amino acid sequence homology with previously known bacterial AlaDHs was purified to homogeneity from the soluble fraction of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus. AlaDH catalyzed the reversible, NAD+-dependent deamination of l-alanine to pyruvate and NH4 +. NADP(H) did not serve as a coenzyme. The enzyme is a homodimer of 35 kDa per subunit. The K m values for l-alanine, NAD+, pyruvate, NADH, and NH4 + were estimated at 0.71, 0.60, 0.16, 0.02, and 17.3 mM, respectively. The A. fulgidus enzyme exhibited its highest activity at about 82°C (203 U/mg for reductive amination of pyruvate) yet still retained 30% of its maximum activity at 25°C. The thermostability of A. fulgidus AlaDH was increased by more than 10-fold by 1.5 M KCl to a half-life of 55 h at 90°C. At 25°C in the presence of this salt solution, the enzyme was ∼100% stable for more than 3 months. Closely related A. fulgidus AlaDH homologues were found in other archaea. On the basis of its amino acid sequence, A. fulgidus AlaDH is a member of the ornithine cyclodeaminase-μ-crystallin family of enzymes. Similar to the μ-crystallins, A. fulgidus AlaDH did not exhibit any ornithine cyclodeaminase activity. The recombinant human μ-crystallin was assayed for AlaDH activity, but no activity was detected. The novel A. fulgidus gene encoding AlaDH, AF1665, is designated ala.

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Serrano, Marta, Maria Moreno, Francisco José Ortega, Gemma Xifra, Wifredo Ricart, José María Moreno-Navarrete, and José Manuel Fernández-Real. "Adipose Tissue μ-Crystallin Is a Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein Associated With Systemic Insulin Sensitivity." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 99, no. 11 (November 1, 2014): E2259—E2268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-1327.

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Background: Circulating thyroid hormones have been described to be intrinsically associated with insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. μ-Crystallin is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent thyroid hormone-binding protein that has been shown to bind T3 in the cytoplasm. We aimed to study μ-Crystallin expression in adipose tissue and in muscle in association with insulin action and thyroid function. Methods: μ-Crystallin gene expression was studied in 81 visceral and 75 sc adipose tissue samples and in 26 muscle samples from a cohort of subjects with a wide spectrum of adiposity (cohort 1). μ-Crystallin was also evaluated in 30 morbidly obese subjects in whom insulin action was evaluated using euglycemic clamp (cohort 2) and in 22 sc adipose tissue samples obtained before and after bariatric surgery-induced weight loss (cohort 3). μ-Crystallin was also evaluated during differentiation of human adipocytes. μ-Crystallin was overexpressed in human sc adipocytes using lentiviruses. Results: μ-Crystallin gene expression was 2.6- to 3-fold higher in sc vs visceral adipose tissue in direct association with the expression of thyroid hormone receptor α 1 in cohort 1 and cohort 2. Visceral, but not sc, adipose tissue μ-Crystallin was positively associated with the serum T3/T4 ratio in cohort 1 and with insulin sensitivity in cohort 2. In fact, μ-Crystallin gene expression was significantly decreased in visceral adipose tissue (−43%) and in muscle (−26%) in subjects with impaired fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes. Weight loss did not result in significant sc adipose tissue μ-Crystallin changes. μ-Crystallin overexpression led to increased insulin-induced Ser473Akt phosphorylation in sc adipocytes. During differentiation of adipocytes, μ-Crystallin gene expression decreased in both visceral (P = .006) and sc (P = .003) adipocytes from obese subjects. Conclusion: Visceral, but not sc, adipose tissue μ-Crystallin is an adipose tissue factor linked to parameters of thyroid hormone action (T3/T4 ratio) and might mediate the interaction of thyroid function and insulin sensitivity.

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Di Matteo, Giovanni. "On admissible tensor products in p-adic Hodge theory." Compositio Mathematica 149, no. 3 (February 14, 2013): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x1200070x.

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AbstractWe prove that if W and W′ are non-zero B-pairs whose tensor product is crystalline (or semi-stable or de Rham or Hodge–Tate), then there exists a character μ such that W(μ−1) and W′(μ) are crystalline (or semi-stable or de Rham or Hodge–Tate). We also prove that if W is a B-pair and if F is a Schur functor (for example Sym n or Λn) such that F(W) is crystalline (or semi-stable or de Rham or Hodge–Tate) and if the rank of W is sufficiently large, then there is a character μ such that W(μ−1) is crystalline (or semi-stable or de Rham or Hodge–Tate). In particular, these results apply to p-adic representations.

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Zhang, Xiu-Zhen, Yan-Wei Song, Fang HuiWu, and Qian-Feng Zhang. "Syntheses And Structural Characterizations Of Heterometallic Copper(I)/Indium(Iii) Complexes Containing Phosphine Ligands." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 62, no. 6 (June 1, 2007): 778–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2007-0605.

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Addition of anhydrous InCl3 to a THF solution of CuCl and dppe (dppe = Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2), or CuCl and PPh3, resulted in the formation of the crystalline heterometallic copper(I)/indium(III) complexes [(dppeCu)2(μ-Cl)(μ-dppe)][InCl4]·THF (1·THF) and [{Cu(PPh3)2}2(μ-Cl)4(InCl)]·THF (2·THF), respectively, which have been characterized by X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 is composed of a dinuclear copper(I) complex cation and a mononuclear tetrahedral indium(III) complex anion. Complex 2 comprises an indium center in a quasi square-pyramidal chloride-coordination environment connected to two Cu(PPh)3 fragments via Cu(μ-Cl)2 In bridges

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Sharutin, V. V., A. P. Pakusina, I. V. Egorova, O. K. Sharutina, and M. A. Pushilin. "New crystalline modification of μ-oxo-bis(bromotriphenylantimony)." Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry 34, no. 3 (March 2008): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070328408030044.

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Chowdhury, Habibar, and Chandan Adhikary. "Copper(II)-Nickel(II) Induced Cyanide Bridged 2D Heterometallic Coordination Polymer: Synthesis, X-ray Structure and Magnetic Study." Asian Journal of Chemistry 34, no. 6 (2022): 1472–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23678.

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One new two-dimensional heterometallic coordination polymer [Cu3Ni(L)2(CN)6]n (1) [L = 2-methylethylenediamine, CN– = cyanide ion] was synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The single crystal X-ray structure of compound 1 indicated that it is a 2D coordination polymer with three copper(II) ion embedded with [Ni(CN)4]2- molecular ion in architecture through μ-CN/μ-NC bridges results heterometallic polymer. In compound 1, each Cu1 center with a CuN5 chromophore is encompassed by four N atoms of the two different bidentate amine (L) and one N atom of μ-NC ion, while both Cu2 and Cu3 centres are connected by three N atoms of μ-NC ions having CuN3 chromosphere and Ni1 are coordinated by three μ-CN and one terminal CN ions with NiC4 chromophore. Three copper centers and one nickel center are interlinked through μ-CN/μ-NC forming {-Cu1(L)2(μ-NC)Ni1(CN)(μ-CN)2Cu2(μ- NC)Cu3(μ-NC)-} unit to fabricate a 2D hetero metallic polymer. In the crystalline state of compound 1, each 2D polymer is further propagated through intermolecular N-H···N hydrogen bonds corroborant a supramolecular 2D network structure. Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility study displayed a weak antiferromagnetic spin coupling presumably due to the diamagnetic tetracyanonickellate bridging among the CuII ions.

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Sidletskiy, O., K. Lebbou, and D. Kofanov. "Micro-pulling-down growth of long YAG- and LuAG-based garnet fibres: advances and bottlenecks." CrystEngComm 23, no. 14 (2021): 2633–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ce00091h.

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A technological advance in shaped μ-PD crystal growth provided us with high-quality single crystalline fibres of rare-earth garnets with the good longitudinal transparency and light attenuation length of up to 1 m.

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Okuyama, Masahiko, Toshimi Fukui, and Chihiro Sakurai. "Effects of seeding on phase transformation and mechanical properties in complex-alkoxide-derived cordierite gel powder." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 8 (August 1992): 2281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.2281.

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Cordierite gel powder prepared by the hydrolysis of an alkoxide complex was seeded with crystalline α-cordierite particles. The effects of seeding on the phase transformation and mechanical properties were studied. The unseeded cordierite gel powder crystallized into α-cordierite via μ-cordierite at 1050 °C. The μ-α cordierite transformation caused microcracks which led to poor flexural strengths of about 30 MPa, although the strength of μ-cordierite was 160 MPa. The seeding appeared to promote a direct formation of the α-cordierite from the amorphous state. The development of microcracks due to μ-α cordierite transformation could be prevented by the modified crystallization behavior, resulting in the improved flexural strength of α-cordierite of 190 MPa. The seeding also lowered the crystallization temperature of α-cordierite to 900 °C, which could be attributed to the epitaxial crystallization of the complex-alkoxide-derived cordierite gel powder.

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Sato, Takuma, Hiroaki Hanafusa, and Seiichiro Higashi. "Investigation on electrical characteristics of TFTs fabricated with germanium films crystallized by atmospheric-pressure micro thermal plasma jet irradiation." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 61, SC (February 9, 2022): SC1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac3d0b.

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Abstract Crystalline germanium (c-Ge) is an attractive material for a thin-film transistor (TFT) channel because of its high carrier mobility and applicability to a low-temperature process. We present the electrical characteristics of c-Ge crystallized by an atmospheric-pressure micro thermal plasma jet (μ-TPJ). The μ-TPJ-crystallized c-Ge showed a maximum Hall mobility of 1070 cm2 V−1 s−1 with a hole concentration of ∼1016 cm−3, enabling us to fabricate a TFT with a field-effect mobility (μ FE) of 196 cm2 V−1 s−1 and an ON/OFF ratio (R ON/OFF) of 1.4 × 104. R ON/OFF and μ FE were dependent on the scanning speed of the TPJ, implying different types of defects were induced in the channel regions. These findings show the possibility of TPJ irradiation as a promising method for making c-Ge TFTs on insulating substrates.

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Seko, Daiki, Shizuka Ogawa, Tao‐Sheng Li, Akihiro Taimura, and Yusuke Ono. "μ‐Crystallin controls muscle function through thyroid hormone action." FASEB Journal 30, no. 5 (December 30, 2015): 1733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.15-280933.

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11

Imai, Hiroki, Kouichi Ohta, Akiko Yoshida, Satoru Suzuki, Kiyoshi Hashizume, Shinichi Usami, and Takanobu Kikuchi. "μ-Crystallin, New Candidate Protein in Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis." Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 51, no. 7 (July 1, 2010): 3554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.09-3728.

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12

Wang, Sida, Nicole Harmgarth, Phil Liebing, and Frank T. Edelmann. "Crystal and molecular structures of two silver(I) amidinates, including an unexpected co-crystal with a lithium amidinate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 72, no. 12 (November 15, 2016): 1786–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989016017680.

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The silver(I) amidinates bis[μ-N1,N2-bis(propan-2-yl)benzamidinato-κ2N1:N2]disilver(I), [Ag2(C13H19N2)2] or [Ag{PhC(NiPr)2}]2(1), and bis(μ-N1,N2-dicyclohexyl-3-cyclopropylpropynamidinato-κ2N1:N2)disilver(I), [Ag2(C18H27N2)2] or [Ag{cyclo-C3H5–C[triple-bond]C–C(NCy)2}]2(2a), exist as centrosymmetric dimers with a planar Ag2N4C2ring and a common linear coordination of the metal atoms in the crystalline state. Moiety2aforms a co-crystal with the related lithium amidinate, namely bis(μ-N1,N2-dicyclohexyl-3-cyclopropylpropynamidinato-κ2N1:N2)disilver(I) bis(μ-N1,N2-dicyclohexyl-3-cyclopropylpropynamidinato-κ3N1,N2:N1)bis(tetrahydrofuran-κO)lithium(I) toluene monosolvate, [Ag2(C18H27N2)2][Li2(C18H27N2)2(C4H8O)2]·C7H8or [Ag{cyclo-C3H5–C[triple-bond]C–C(NCy)2}]2[Li{cyclo-C3H5–C[triple-bond]C–C(NCy)2}(THF)]2·C7H8, composed as2a×2b× toluene. The lithium moiety2bfeatures a typical ladder-type dimeric structure with a distorted tetrahedral coordination of the metal atoms. In the silver(I) derivatives1and2a, the amidinate ligand adopts a μ-κN:κN′ coordination, while it is a μ-κN:κN:κN′-coordination in the case of lithium derivative2b.

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Raston, CL, BW Skelton, CR Whitaker, and AH White. "Lewis-Base Adducts of Main Group-1 Metal-Compounds. IX. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Adducts of the Lithium(1) Halides With N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine." Australian Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 12 (1988): 1925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9881925.

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Crystalline adducts of the lithium(I) halides, LiX (X = Cl , Br, I) with N,N,N′,N′- tetramethylethyl-enediamine (tmeda) have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray studies. Both bromide and iodide form 1 : 1 adducts which are μ,μ-dihalo-bridged binuclear species, [( tmeda )LiX2Li( tmeda )], with four-coordinate N2LiX2 lithium environments; in addition, the iodide yields an ionic 1 : 2 adduct, [Li( tmeda )2]+I-. The chloride complex is a novel 3 : 2 polymer based an a double cubane Li6Cl6 unit solvated by chelating and bridging tmeda units.

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Chatzikonstantinou, N., T. J. Mertzimekis, A. Godelitsas, P. Gamaletsos, P. Nastos, J. Goettlicher, and R. Steininger. "Using synchrotron radiation to study iron phases in Saharan dust samples from Athens skies." HNPS Proceedings 21 (March 8, 2019): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2018.

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The Sahara desert is the largest source of dust in the world. Saharan dust is characterized by great com- plexity, composed mainly of mixtures of mineral phases (amorphous or crystalline, with particle sizes of the order of μm or even nm). The presence of amorphous components makes it difficult to detect their struc- ture. For this purpose the spectroscopic technique of X–ray absorption fine structure μ–XAFS combined to ultrabright synchrotron SR microbeams is suitable. SR’s main advantage is the recording of spectra in a very short time. In this paper we focus on the study of forms of iron deposited on southeast Mediterranean Sea and mainland of Greece by the waves of Saharan dust. Data collection was carried out at the premises of ANKA (KIT, Germany) on the beamline SUL–X of the environmental research laboratory with advanced X–ray spectroscopic techniques, μ–XRF, μ–XRD and μ–XAFS. Results from the measurements and the simulated spectrum are presented.

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Bokhimi. "Structure of the M2CuWO6 System, with M = Ba or Sr." Powder Diffraction 7, no. 4 (December 1992): 228–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600018789.

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AbstractThe crystalline structure of the M2CuWO6 phases with M = Ba or Sr was obtained from X-ray powder diffraction at room temperature with CuKα radiation. The phases are isostructural with tetragonal unit cells, space group I4/m and Z = 2. The parameters for the Sr2CuWO6 phase are: Mr = 518.6, a = 5.42693(5) Å, c = 8.4087(1) Å, V = 247.65(1) Å3, Dx = 6.954 Mg/m3, μ = 77.75 mm−1, F(000) = 454, R = 0.0375 for 24 reflections; the parameters for the Ba2CuWO6 phase are: Mr = 618.1, a = 5.56392(8) Å, c = 8.6274(1) Å, V = 267.08(1) Å3, Dx = 7.683 Mg/m3, μ = 157.0 mm−1, F(000) = 526, R = 0.0506 for 27 reflections. Cell parameters were obtained from Rietveld refinement. The crystalline structure is based on the perovskite structure. It is laminar with ordered alternating WO6 deformed octahedra and CuO2 planar squares along the [110] direction, joined by corners and rotated perpendicular to the [001] direction. The samples are electrica insulators.

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Arghirescu, Marius. "The cold genesis–a new scenario of particles forming." Physics & Astronomy International Journal 1, no. 5 (November 20, 2017): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/paij.2017.01.00026.

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There are presented briefly the main theoretic models of the theory developed by author in the book: “The cold Genesis of Matter and Fields” (Ed. Science PG, 2015), which argues the cold genesis of elementary particles in a very strong magnetic field, comparable to those of a magnetar or a gravistar. The elementary particles are explained by a quasi-crystalline model of quark , resulted as Bose-Einstein condensate of gammons considered as N pairs of quasi-electrons with diminished me -mass, e∗ -charge and μe∗(Γ∗μ) -magnetic moment. The nuclear force is explained as attraction of the nucleon’s impenetrable volume in the field of 2N- superposed magnetic moment vortices Γ∗μ(r) of another nucleon. The theory predicted the existence of a preon z0≈34 me with quasi-crystalline kernel, experimentally evidenced in 2015 but considered as X- boson of a fifth force, and the field-like nature of the dark energy.

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Dubey, G. C., R. A. Singh, S. N. Mukherjee, and M. Gopal Rao. "Annealing effect on optical properties of μ-crystalline silicon films." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 89, no. 1-2 (January 1987): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(87)80337-x.

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18

Khranenko, S. P., E. A. Shusharina, S. A. Gromilov, and S. V. Korenev. "Two crystalline modifications of Pd2(μ-ac)2(acac)2." Journal of Structural Chemistry 52, no. 3 (June 2011): 544–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0022476611030140.

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Bokhimi, A. Morales, and A. Garci´a-Ruiz. "Crystalline structure of Ba2YCu0.25W0.75O6: A member of the new set of Ba2YzCuxW1−xO6 solid solutions." Powder Diffraction 11, no. 1 (March 1996): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600008903.

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A model for the crystalline structure of Ba2YCu0.25W0.75O6 solid solution is given. The model proposed a perovskite ordered structure, with a cubic unit cell made from eight perovskite-like units and having a symmetry described by the space group Fm3m. The crystalline structure was refined by the Rietveld technique, giving RF=0.048 for 82 reflections. The solid solution was characterized by the following parameters: Z=4, Mr=613.2, a=8.43630(8) Å, V=600.42(1) Å3, Dx=6.78 g cm−3, μ=209.04 mm−1, and F(000)=1047. The model assumed that copper and tungsten atoms, which were ordered with Y atoms, had the same local environment. Therefore, it was only a first approximation to the crystalline structure.

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Denecke, Melissa A., Andrea Somogyi, Koen Janssens, Rolf Simon, Kathy Dardenne, and Ulrich Noseck. "Microanalysis (Micro-XRF, Micro-XANES, and Micro-XRD) of a Tertiary Sediment Using Microfocused Synchrotron Radiation." Microscopy and Microanalysis 13, no. 3 (May 9, 2007): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927607070316.

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Micro-focused synchrotron radiation techniques to investigate actinide elements in geological samples are becoming an increasingly used tool in nuclear waste disposal research. In this article, results using μ-focus techniques are presented from a bore core section of a U-rich tertiary sediment collected from Ruprechtov, Czech Republic, a natural analog to nuclear waste repository scenarios in deep geological formations. Different methods are applied to obtain various, complementary information. Elemental and element chemical state distributions are obtained from μ-XRF measurements, oxidation states of As determined from μ-XANES, and the crystalline structure of selected regions are studied by means of μ-XRD. We find that preparation of the thin section created an As oxidation state artifact; it apparently changed the As valence in some regions of the sample. Results support our previously proposed hypothesis of the mechanism for U-enrichment in the sediment. AsFeS coating on framboid Fe nodules in the sediment reduced mobile groundwater-dissolved U(VI) to less-soluble U(IV), thereby immobilizing the uranium in the sediment.

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Zuo, Yuxiang, Jie Yang, Cheng Chen, Yun-Shan Xue, and Jun Zhang. "Assembly of two novel coordination polymers by selecting ditopic or chelating auxiliary ligands with naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid: synthesis, structure and luminescence sensing." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 76, no. 12 (November 24, 2020): 1076–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229620015260.

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The FeIII ion as a ubiquitous metal plays a key role in biochemical processes. Iron deficiency or excess in the human body can induce various diseases. Thus, effective detection of the FeIII ion has been deemed an issue of focus. To develop more crystalline chemical sensors for the selective detection of Fe3+, two novel two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymers, namely, poly[[[μ-bis(pyridin-4-yl)amine-κ2 N:N′](μ-naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylato-κ2 O 2:O 6)zinc(II)] 0.5-hydrate], {[Zn(C12H6O4)(C10H9N3)]·0.5H2O} n , 1, and poly[(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)(μ-naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylato-κ2 O 2:O 6)hemi(μ-naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid-κ2 O 2:O 6)copper(II)] [Cu(C12H6O4)(C12H12N2)(C12H8O4)0.5] n , 2, have been prepared using solvothermal methods. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that compound 1 is an undulating twofold interpenetrated 2D (4,4)-sql network and compound 2 is a twofold interpenetrated 2D honeycomb-type network with a (6,3)-hcb topology. In addition, 1 exhibits highly selective sensing for the Fe3+ ion.

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Mazzuca, S., and L. Sportelli. "Thermal Behaviour of Lymphocyte Membrane: ESR Investigation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 45, no. 9-10 (October 1, 1990): 1060–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1990-9-1019.

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Abstract The order parameter, S, of the plasma membrane of in toto human peripheral blood lym phocytes was obtained by electron spin resonance spectroscopy in the temperature range 25-41°C. This membrane is completely in the liquid crystalline state above 31 °C. In presence of the antigen ETB from Staphylococcus aureus at the concentration of 4 μ/3 × 107 cells an overall decrease of the order parameter for this membrane is observed. The decrease of 5 is followed by an upwards shift at about 35 °C of the temperature of the liquid crystalline state.

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Suzuki, Satoru, Jun-ichirou Mori, and Kiyoshi Hashizume. "μ-crystallin, a NADPH-dependent T3-binding protein in cytosol." Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism 18, no. 7 (September 2007): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2007.07.002.

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Suzuki, Satoru, Nobuyoshi Suzuki, Jun-ichirou Mori, Aki Oshima, Shinichi Usami, and Kiyoshi Hashizume. "μ-Crystallin as an Intracellular 3,5,3′-Triiodothyronine Holder in Vivo." Molecular Endocrinology 21, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 885–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2006-0403.

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Abrahams, Brendan F., Christopher J. Commons, Timothy A. Hudson, Robin Sanchez Arlt, Keith F. White, Michael Chang, John J. Jackowski, et al. "Alkali metal salts of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid: a structural and educational study." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 77, no. 7 (June 9, 2021): 340–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229621005465.

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As part of an educational exercise designed to introduce school students to the technique of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and enhance their understanding of primary and secondary bonding, a group of nine secondary school students was given the opportunity to prepare new compounds and to solve and refine data collected on the crystalline materials they had prepared. Their investigation of the alkali metal salts of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (H2hba) yielded nine new compounds and their structures are described in this article. Whilst the salts might be expected to have similar atomic arrangements, there are significant differences in their structures. Although H2hba is a relatively simple organic molecule, it displays remarkable coordinative flexibility, forming ionic solids containing the uncharged molecule, the monoanion Hhba− or the dianion hba2−. A common feature of the structures is their layered arrangement: alternating hydrophilic layers made up of closely packed metal–oxygen polyhedra separated by the hydrophobic component of the hydroxybenzoate linking units. Close packing of these units seems to be a dominant influence in determining the overall structure. The hydroxybenzoate units are usually both parallel and antiparallel with their immediate neighbours, with packing that can be edge-to-face, face-to-face or a mixture of the two. Hydrogen bonding plays a key role in the structure of most compounds and a short strong hydrogen bond (SSHB) is observed in two of the networks. The compounds of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, C7H6O3, described here are: poly[di-μ-aqua-μ-4-oxidobenzoato-dilithium], [Li2(C7H4O3)(H2O)2] n , 1, poly[triaqua-μ-4-oxidobenzoato-dilithium], [Li2(C7H4O3)(H2O)3] n , 2, poly[μ-4-hydroxybenzoato-lithium], [Li(C7H5O3)] n , 3, catena-poly[4-hydroxybenzoate [[diaquasodium]-di-μ-aqua]], {[Na(H2O)4](C7H5O3)} n , 4, poly[di-μ-aqua-aqua-μ-4-hydroxybenzoato-potassium], [K(C7H5O3)(H2O)3] n , 5, poly[μ-aqua-μ-4-hydroxybenzoato-potassium], [K(C7H5O3)(H2O)] n , 6, poly[aqua-μ-4-hydroxybenzoato-rubidium], [Rb(C7H5O3)(H2O)] n , 7, poly[aqua-μ-4-hydroxybenzoato-caesium], [Cs(C7H5O3)(H2O)] n , 8, poly[[μ-aqua-aqua(μ-4-hydroxybenzoato)(4-hydroxybenzoic acid)sodium] monohydrate], {[Na(C7H5O3)(C7H6O3)(H2O)2]·H2O} n , 9, poly[[(μ-4-hydroxybenzoato)(μ-4-hydroxybenzoic acid)rubidium] monohydrate], {[K(C7H5O3)(C7H6O3)]·H2O} n , 10, and poly[[(μ-4-hydroxybenzoato)(μ-4-hydroxybenzoic acid)rubidium] monohydrate], {[Rb(C7H5O3)(C7H6O3)]·H2O} n , 11.

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26

Topaloglu-Sozuer, Isil, Seckiner Dulger Irdem, John J. Jeffery, Hayrullah Hamidov, and Ozan Sanlı Senturk. "Oxo-Bridged (Haloarylimido)[tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borato]- molybdenum(V) Complexes: Crystal Structures of Geometric Isomers of [MoTp*(O)Cl](μ-O)[MoTp*(Cl)(≡NC6H4Br)]." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 60, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2005-0103.

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The reaction between [MoTp∗(O)Cl2], [Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimetylpyrazol-1-yl)borate] and 4-bromoaniline in refluxing toluene gave geometric isomers of [MoTp*(O)Cl](μ-O)[MoTp*(Cl) (≡NC6H4Br)] (1a, cis; 1b, trans), but a similar reaction between [MoTp*(O)Cl2] and 4-chloroaniline yielded only one product, [MoTp*(O)Cl](μ-O)[MoTp∗(Cl)(≡NC6H4Cl)] (2) as a red crystalline solid. The new compounds were characterized by microanalytical data, mass, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The X-ray structure analysis of 1a and 1b revealed that the complexes are geometric isomers, the two chloro ligands being cis in 1a and trans in 1b. Both compounds have Mo-O-Mo linkages and nearly linear arylimido moieties.

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27

Wertz, David L., Charles B. Smithhart, and Stacey L. Wertz. "X-Ray Mass Absorption Coefficients: Measurements and Uses in the Quantitative Diffraction Analysis of Pyrite in Coals." Advances in X-ray Analysis 33 (1989): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s037603080001990x.

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The mass absorption coefficient (μ) of a weakly absorbing solid material may be measured by either the transmission or the reflection method. The latter typically employs a crystalline substrate and the diffraction method, measuring the transmission of the diffraction peak(s) of the substrate through the analyte. Compressing or compacting a powdered sample is not required when the reflection method is used.

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28

Braga, Dario, Michele R. Chierotti, Nadia Garino, Roberto Gobetto, Fabrizia Grepioni, Marco Polito, and Alessandra Viale. "Cis−TransIsomerization in Crystalline [(η5-C5H5)Fe(μ-CO)(CO)]2." Organometallics 26, no. 9 (April 2007): 2266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om061103e.

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29

Wang, Dong-Yan, Xue-Li Hou, and Xue-Nan Li. "Isostructural organic–inorganic hybrid compounds: triethylcholine tribromidocadmate and triethylcholine tribromidomercurate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 71, no. 8 (July 25, 2015): 728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229615013303.

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In order to search for new anionic architectures and develop useful organic–inorganic hybrid materials in halometallate systems, two new crystalline organic–inorganic hybrid compounds have been prepared,i.e. catena-poly[triethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium [[bromidocadmate(II)]-di-μ-bromido]], {(C8H20NO)[CdBr3]}n, (1), andcatena-poly[triethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium [[bromidomercurate(II)]-di-μ-bromido]], {(C8H20NO)[HgBr3]}n, (2), and the structures determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The compounds are isostructural, crystallizing in the space groupP21/n. The metal centres are five-coordinated by bromide anions, giving a slightly distorted trigonal–bipyramidal geometry. The crystal structures consist of one-dimensional edge-sharing chains ofMBr5trigonal bipyramids, between which triethylcholine counter-cations are intercalated. O—H...Br hydrogen-bonding interactions are present between the cations and anions.

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30

Hiller, Jörg, Ulf Thewalt, Jaroslav Podlaha, Vladimír Hanuš, and Karel Mach. "Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Dimeric Titanium(II) Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene Complexes [(C5H5-nMen)Ti(η2-Me3SiC≡CSiMe3)(μ-Cl)]2(n = 3-5)." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 62, no. 10 (1997): 1551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19971551.

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Crystalline Ti(II) complexes [(C5H5-nMen)Ti(η2-Me3SiC≡CSiMe3)(μ-Cl)]2 (n = 3-5) (1-3) were prepared by reduction of the appropriate cyclopentadienyltitanium trichlorides (C5H5-nMen)TiCl3 in tetrahydrofuran by one equivalent of magnesium in the presence of at least one equivalent of bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene. The X-ray structure analyses of 1-3 revealed that all compounds form chlorine-bridged centrosymmetric dimers.

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31

Chen, Haiming, Hilary A. Phillips, David F. Callen, Robert Y. Kim, Graeme J. Wistow, and Stylianos E. Antonarakis. "Localization of the human gene for μ-crystallin to chromosome 16p." Genomics 14, no. 4 (December 1992): 1115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0888-7543(05)80143-0.

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32

Ho, Sunita P., Paul F. Joseph, Michael J. Drews, Thomas Boland, and Martine LaBerge. "Experimental and Numerical Modeling of Variable Friction Between Nanoregions in Conventional and Crosslinked UHMWPE." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 126, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1645530.

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Recently, highly crosslinked UHMWPE components have been promoted for their high abrasive wear resistance over conventional UHMWPE (PE) in total joint replacement (TJR) prostheses to minimize osteolysis and consequent implant loosening. This study was aimed at investigating the role of friction gradients induced by localized coefficients of friction at both crystalline and amorphous nanoregions in PE, and crystalline and crosslinked nanoregions in crosslinked UHMWPE (XPE), in submicron wear debris generation. An abrasive wear study performed on both XPE and PE using atomic force microscopy (AFM) illustrated that the onset of plastic deformation for XPE occurred at a normal load that was approximately 3 times higher when compared to PE. Coefficients of friction μd of 0.2, 0.35, and 0.61, experimentally derived using AFM, were used as representative μd for crystalline, amorphous, and crosslinked nanoregions, respectively, in a numerical Hertzian model. An increase in μ (0.2±0.02, 0.35±0.01 and 0.6±0.04) was observed with a decrease in crystallinity and storage modulus at 22°C. Using the Hertzian contact model, it was observed that variability in friction between nanoregions contributed to higher magnitude stresses for XPE (0.2 to 0.61; maximum σeff=2.8) compared to PE (0.2 to 0.35; maximum σeff=1.1) over a negligible thickness of the interfacial zone (IZ) between nanoregions. The experimentally observed increase in abrasive wear resistance of XPE could be attributed to an increase in the thickness of the interfacial zone between nanoregions with μ changing gradually from crystalline to crosslinked nanoregions, a situation that may not be observed with PE. This would cause a decrease in the friction gradient and resulting stresses thereby agreeing with the observed experimental higher abrasive wear resistance for XPE. However, in both PE and XPE, the presence of stress concentrations over a period of time could lead to irreversible damage of the material eventually generating submicron wear debris. Hence, semicrystalline, inhomogenous UHMWPE with several nanoregions (amorphous and crystalline) would be at a disadvantage for bearing application in terms of abrasive wear resistance compared to UHMWPE with relatively lower number of nanoregions and crosslinked nanoregions.

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33

KLEIN, H., D. PAILHAREY, Y. MATHEY, and F. TORREGROSSA. "TESTING THE FRICTIONAL PROPERTIES OF MoO3 THIN FILM SURFACE WITH AFM: A NANOSCOPIC LEVEL INVESTIGATION." Surface Review and Letters 04, no. 05 (October 1997): 1031–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x97001231.

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In this study we have realized α-MoO 3 thin film synthesis, mainly under the (110) orientation, and performed their frictional study using an AFM to obtain values of friction coefficients μ. This technique appears to be a good way for the investigation of the frictional properties at the microscopic scale. Indeed we can mark the difference between two crystalline states of MoO 3 by their frictional properties.

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34

Konieczny, Krzysztof, Julia Bąkowicz, and Ilona Turowska-Tyrk. "The crystal and molecular structure of sodium 4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoate in terms of the photochemical behaviour of the anion." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 71, no. 5 (April 30, 2015): 410–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229615008141.

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Contrary to the known 4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoate salts, di-μ-aqua-bis[tetraaquasodium(I)] bis[4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoate] dihydrate, [Na2(H2O)10](C23H27O3)2·2H2O, (1), does not undergo a photochemical Norrish–Yang reaction in the crystalline state. In order to explain this photochemical inactivity, the intermolecular interactions were analyzed by means of the Hirshfeld surface and intramolecular geometrical parameters describing the possibility of a Norrish–Yang reaction were calculated. The reasons for the behaviour of the title salt are similar crystalline environments for both theo-isopropyl groups in the anion, resulting in similar geometrical parameters and orientations, and that these interaction distances differ significantly from those found in salts where the photochemical reaction occurs.

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35

Tomšič, Sara, Janez Košmrlj, and Andrej Pevec. "Four Different Crystalline Products from One Reaction: Unexpected Diversity of Products of the CuCl2 Reaction with N-(2-Pyridyl)thiourea." Acta Chimica Slovenica 67, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 1290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2020.6252.

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The reaction of N-(2-pyridyl)thiourea with CuCl2 in methanol yields four different crystalline products: yellow dimeric complex, [Cu2Cl2(μ-Cl)2(L)2] (1), red polymeric complex, [Cu3Cl8L2]n (2), orange crystalline product with ionic structure, L2[CuCl4] (3), and colourless ionic compound LCl (4), where L = 2-amino-[1,2,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyridin-4-ium cation as a result of oxidative cyclization of N-(2-pyridyl)thiourea. The crystal structures of all these crystalline products have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 involves a copper(I) ion while in 2 and 3 the copper centre is in the divalent state. 1H NMR spectra for compounds 1–3 are identical and confirm deprotonated thioamide groups of N-(2-pyridyl)thiourea and the formation of a thiadiazolopyridinium cation in solution. The hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions were investigated in the solid state. In addition, all crystalline products 1–4 exhibit also S···Cl bonding interactions which consolidate the complexes into networks. The X-ray diffraction analyses indicate the absence of other crystalline phases in the crude reaction mixture.

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36

Chebanenko, E. A., O. V. Buchko, E. V. Afanasenko Afanasenko, I. I. Seifullina, and E. E. Martsinko. "HYDROGEN BONDS IN THE FORMATION OF COPPER(II) 1,10-PHENANTHROLINE HYDROXYCARBOXYLATOGERMANATE CRYSTALS USING HIRSHFELD SURFACE ANALYSIS." Odesa National University Herald. Chemistry 26, no. 1(77) (July 27, 2021): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2304-0947.2021.1(77).226142.

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This article is dedicated to the investigation of crystalline structure in the complex cation-anionic compounds Cu(Phen)2Cl]2[Ge(HCit)2]⋅6H2O (I), [Cu(Phen)3]2[Ge2(OH)(HTart)(μ-Tart)2]·11H2O (II), [CuCl(Phen)2]4[{Ge2(OH)2(μ-Tart)2}Cl2]·4Н2О (III), [Cu(Phen)3]2[(OH)2Ge2(μ-HXylar)4Ge2(μ-OH)2]·8H2O (IV), [CuCl(Phen)2]4[(OH)2Ge2(μ-HXylar)4Ge2(μ-OH)2]·8H2O (V) using Hirshfeld surface analysis. This method has showed itself as an effective tool for analysis of intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonds or weaker C…H and С…Н…p connections. Three-dimensional picture of close interactions in the crystal was built for each of the compounds I–V, where short connections are red-colored, while others – weaker and shorter – are light areas and small spots. It was established that in the structures of all compounds different types of hydrogen bonds are presented: bifurcate connections, symmetrical О-Н…О, С-Н…С and asymmetrical ones with water molecules. Two-dimensional histograms – 2D-fingerprint plots, allowed to evaluate quantitively connections in the crystals and establish that H…O/O…H and H…H interactions make the biggest contribution to the total surface area. The presence of the big number of crystallization water molecules is determinant for the formation of complex system of hydrogen bonds and strengthening of the structure, that otherwise would be unstable because of the big size of cations and anions. Due to the fact, that all compounds have the same complexing agent Ge(IV), structure of the anion is determined by polydentate ligand. Obtained results are important for the further development of the water role in the processes of crystallization, crystal formation, electrical dissociation and, especially, dissolving of coordination compounds in biological systems.

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37

Sun, Jianlong, David J. Berg, and Brendan Twamley. "Bis(9,10-phenanthrenocyclopentadienyl)yttrium complexes: synthesis and solution behaviour." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 91, no. 12 (December 2013): 1281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2013-0343.

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The synthesis of a number of yttrium metallocenes based on the phenanthrene-fused Cp ligand PCpR (R = H, Me, Ph) is reported. Acid−base (σ-bond metathesis) reactions between the parent HPCpR ligands and Y(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 afford the monomeric alkyl complexes Y(PCpR)2(CH2SiMe3)(THF) (R = H, 1; Me, 2; Ph, 3). Salt metathesis between Li+PCpMe− and YCl3 in THF similarly affords the monomeric chloride complex Y(PCpMe)2(Cl)(THF) (4), which reacts further with methyllithium to generate the bridging “ate” complex Y(PCpMe)2(μ-Me)2Li(THF)2 (5). Complex 3 undergoes rapid hydrogenolysis in the presence of phenylsilane to afford the crystalline bridging hydride dimer [Y(PCpPh)2]2(μ-H)2 (6). The X-ray structures of complexes 2 and 6 are reported along with the solution behaviour of 2.

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38

Lee, Dong Geun, Jun Won Baek, Jung Hyun Lee, Hyun Ju Lee, Yeong Hyun Seo, Junseong Lee, Chong Gu Lee, and Bun Yeoul Lee. "Replacement of the Common Chromium Source CrCl3(thf)3 with Well-Defined [CrCl2(μ-Cl)(thf)2]2." Molecules 26, no. 4 (February 22, 2021): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041167.

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CrCl3(thf)3 is a common starting material in the synthesis of organometallic and coordination compounds of Cr. Deposited as an irregular solid with no possibility of recrystallization, it is not a purity guaranteed chemical, causing problems in some cases. In this work, we disclose a well-defined form of the THF adduct of CrCl3 ([CrCl2(μ-Cl)(thf)2]2), a crystalline solid, that enables structure determination by X-ray crystallography. The EA data and XRD pattern of the bulk agreed with the revealed structure. Moreover, its preparation procedure is facile: evacuation of CrCl3·6H2O at 100 °C, treatment with 6 equivalents of Me3SiCl in a minimal amount of THF, and crystallization from CH2Cl2. The ethylene tetramerization catalyst [iPrN{P(C6H4-p-Si(nBu)3)2}2CrCl2]+[B(C6F5)4]− prepared using well-defined [CrCl2(μ-Cl)(thf)2]2 as a starting material exhibited a reliably high activity (6600 kg/g-Cr/h; 1-octene selectivity at 40 °C, 75%), while that of the one prepared using the impure CrCl3(thf)3 was inconsistent and relatively low (~3000 kg/g-Cr/h). By using well-defined [CrCl2(μ-Cl)(thf)2]2 as a Cr source, single crystals of [(CH3CN)4CrCl2]+[B(C6F5)4]− and [{Et(Cl)Al(N(iPr)2)2}Cr(μ-Cl)]2 were obtained, allowing structure determination by X-ray crystallography, which had been unsuccessful when the previously known CrCl3(thf)3 was used as the Cr source.

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39

Angst, Manuel, Shilpa Adiga, Semen Gorfman, Michael Ziolkowski, Jörg Strempfer, Christoph Grams, Manuel Pietsch, and Joachim Hemberger. "Intrinsic Ferroelectricity in Charge-Ordered Magnetite." Crystals 9, no. 11 (October 23, 2019): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9110546.

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Single crystalline magnetite Fe 3 O 4 was investigated at low temperatures in the charge ordered state by electric measurements and time-resolved diffraction with voltage applied in-situ. Dielectric spectroscopy indicates relaxor ferroelectric characteristics, with polarization switching observably only at sufficiently low temperatures and in a suitably chosen time-window. PUND measurements with a ms time scale indicate a switchable polarization of about 0 . 6 μ C / cm 2 . Significant switching occurs only above a threshold field of about 3 kV / mm , and it occurs with a time delay of about 20 μ s . The time-resolved diffraction experiment yields, for sufficiently high voltage pulses, a systematic variation by about 0 . 1 % of the intensity of the ( 2 , 2 ¯ , 10 ¯ ) Bragg reflection, which is attributed to structural switching of domains of the non-centrosymmetric C c structure to its inversion twins, providing proof of intrinsic ferroelectricity in charge ordered magnetite.

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40

Pinkas, Jiří, Róbert Gyepes, Ivana Císařová, Petr Štěpnička, Michal Horáček, Jiří Kubišta, Vojtech Varga, and Karel Mach. "Reactions of Doubly Tucked-In Permethyltitanocene with tert-Butanol and Propargyl Alcohol. The Crystal Structures of Unusual Hydrolytic Byproducts." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 73, no. 8-9 (2008): 967–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20080967.

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Reactions of double tucked-in permethyltitanocene [Ti{η3:η4-C5Me3(CH2)2}(η5-C5Me5)] (1) with tert-butanol or propargyl alcohol in toluene proceeded sluggishly even with excess of the alcohol and at elevated temperature. The alcoholysis of 1 with tert-butanol afforded [Ti(η5-C5Me5)(Ot-Bu)3] (3) as the major product and Ti(Ot-Bu)4 as the minor one. The other product of the alcoholysis was pentamethylcyclopentadiene. The only isolated crystalline product was the very minor hydrolytic byproduct [{TiIII(η5-C5Me5)2}(μ-O){TiIV(Ot-Bu)3}] (2). The alcoholysis of 1 containing traces of LiI with HOCH2C≡CH, containing apparently more water than t-BuOH, gave an inseparable mixture of oily products from which several crystals of an unintended hydrolytic byproduct [{Ti(η5-C5Me5)(OCH2C≡CH)(μ-O)}3LiI] (4) were isolated. X-ray crystal structures of 2 and 4 were determined.

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41

Kim, Seohan, Doukyun Kim, Jayoung Byeon, Jaehong Lim, Jaeyong Song, Sunhwa Park, Chulhong Park, and Pungkeun Song. "Transparent Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor as Excellent Thermoelectric Materials." Coatings 8, no. 12 (December 13, 2018): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings8120462.

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It is demonstrated that transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors (TAOS) can be excellent thermoelectric (TE) materials, since their thermal conductivity (κ) through a randomly disordered structure is quite low, while their electrical conductivity and carrier mobility (μ) are high, compared to crystalline semiconductors through the first-principles calculations and the various measurements for the amorphous In−Zn−O (a-IZO) thin film. The calculated phonon dispersion in a-IZO shows non-linear phonon instability, which can prevent the transport of phonon. The a-IZO was estimated to have poor κ and high electrical conductivity compared to crystalline In2O3:Sn (c-ITO). These properties show that the TAOS can be an excellent thin-film transparent TE material. It is suggested that the TAOS can be employed to mitigate the heating problem in transparent display devices.

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42

Gao, Mei-Yan, Xiao-Xue Liu, Wei-Hui Fang, Lei Zhang, and Jian Zhang. "Synthesis and structural characterization of a dumbbell-like phenylphosphonate-stabilized Ti7–oxide cluster." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 74, no. 11 (October 16, 2018): 1248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229618010707.

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In recent years, crystalline polyoxotitanium clusters (PTCs) have attracted increasing attention as a new kind of promising crystalline material. In this work, a PTC stabilized by phenylphosphonate ligands, i.e. hexa-μ-isopropanolato-hexaisopropanolatodi-μ3-oxido-hexa-μ3-phenylphosphonato-heptatitanium tetrahydrate, [Ti7(μ3-O)2(O3P-Phen)6(OiPr)12]·4H2O [PTC-54; H2O3P-Phen is phenylphosphonic acid, C6H5PO(OH)2, and HOiPr is isopropanol, C3H7OH], was obtained successfully through a facile one-step solvothermal reaction. The dumbbell-like core structure of PTC-54 can be described as two trinuclear {Ti3(μ3-O)} building units combined together by six phenylphosphonate ligands and one additional Ti atom, giving rise to a Ti7 cluster. Adjacent molecules of PTC-54 are further connected through π–π interactions between the phenyl groups to form a supramolecular one-dimensional chain.

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43

Brune, Hans-Albert, Reinhard Hemmer, Josef Unsin, Konrad Holl, and Ulf Thewalt. "Molekülstruktur von {[P(C6H5)3]2RhOH}2· 2 C6H6 / The Molecular Structure of {[P(C6H5)3]2RhOH}2· 2 C6H6." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 43, no. 4 (April 1, 1988): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1988-0418.

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AbstractThe dinuclear Rhodium(I) complex Bis(μ-hydroxo)bis(bistriphenylphosphane-rhodium) forms during the HRh(PPh3)2 catalyzed hydrogenation of Schiff bases by isopropanol. It can be isolated from benzene solution as a crystalline solvate of composition {[P(C6H5)3]2RhOH}2·2 C6H6 (1). The complex contains a four-membered ring with bridging hydroxo groups. Crystals of 1 are triclinic, space group P1̄ with a = 12.570(3), b = 12.850(4), c = 13.982(3) Å, α = 116.23(3), β = 115.08(3), γ = 90.89(3)°, and Z = 1.

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44

Ardan, Bohdan, Vasyl Kinzhybalo, Yurii Slyvka, Olga Shyyka, Mykhaylo Luk`yanov, Tadeusz Lis, and Marian Mys`kiv. "Ligand-forced dimerization of copper(I)–olefin complexes bearing a 1,3,4-thiadiazole core." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 73, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229616018751.

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As an important class of heterocyclic compounds, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles have a broad range of potential applications in medicine, agriculture and materials chemistry, and were found to be excellent precursors for the crystal engineering of organometallic materials. The coordinating behaviour of allyl derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles with respect to transition metal ions has been little studied. Five new crystalline copper(I) π-complexes have been obtained by means of an alternating current electrochemical technique and have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. The compounds are bis[μ-5-methyl-N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine]bis[nitratocopper(I)], [Cu2(NO3)2(C6H9N3S)2], (1), bis[μ-5-methyl-N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine]bis[(tetrafluoroborato)copper(I)], [Cu2(BF4)2(C6H9N3S)2], (2), μ-aqua-bis{μ-5-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine}bis[nitratocopper(I)], [Cu2(NO3)2(C5H7N3S2)2(H2O)], (3), μ-aqua-(hexafluorosilicato)bis{μ-5-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine}dicopper(I)–acetonitrile–water (2/1/4), [Cu2(SiF6)(C5H7N3S2)2(H2O)]·0.5CH3CN·2H2O, (4), and μ-benzenesulfonato-bis{μ-5-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine}dicopper(I) benzenesulfonate–methanol–water (1/1/1), [Cu2(C6H5O3S)(C5H7N3S2)2](C6H5O3S)·CH3OH·H2O, (5). The structure of the ligand 5-methyl-N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine (Mepeta), C6H9N3S, was also structurally characterized. BothMepetaand 5-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine (Pesta) (denotedL) reveal a strong tendency to form dimeric {Cu2L2}2+fragments, being attached to the metal atom in a chelating–bridging modeviatwo thiadiazole N atoms and an allylic C=C bond. Flexibility of the {Cu2(Pesta)2}2+unit allows the CuIatom site to be split into two positions with different metal-coordination environments, thus enabling the competitive participation of different molecules in bonding to the metal centre. ThePestaligand in (4) allows the CuIatom to vary between water O-atom and hexafluorosilicate F-atom coordination, resulting in the rare case of a direct CuI...FSiF52−interaction. Extensive three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding patterns are formed in the reported crystal structures. Complex (5) should be considered as the first known example of a CuI(C6H5SO3) coordination compound. To determine the hydrogen-bond interactions in the structures of (1) and (2), a Hirshfeld surface analysis has been performed.

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Jang, Mingu, Yang-Il Huh, and Mincheol Chang. "Effects of Solvent Vapor Annealing on Morphology and Charge Transport of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) Films Incorporated with Preformed P3HT Nanowires." Polymers 12, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051188.

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We systematically studied the influence of solvent vapor annealing on the molecular ordering, morphologies, and charge transport properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) thin films embedded with preformed crystalline P3HT nanowires (NWs). Solvent vapor annealing (SVA) with chloroform (CF) was found to profoundly impact on the structural and morphological changes, and thus on the charge transport characteristics, of the P3HT-NW-embedded P3HT films. With increased annealing time, the density of crystalline P3HT NWs was increased within the resultant films, and also intra- and intermolecular interactions of the corresponding films were significantly improved. As a result, the P3HT-NW-embedded P3HT films annealed with CF vapor for 20 min resulted in a maximized charge carrier mobility of ~0.102 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is higher than that of pristine P3HT films by 4.4-fold (μ = ~0.023 cm2 V−1 s−1).

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46

Rookes, Thomas M., Benedict M. Gardner, Gábor Balázs, Matthew Gregson, Floriana Tuna, Ashley J. Wooles, Manfred Scheer, and Stephen T. Liddle. "Crystalline Diuranium Phosphinidiide and μ-Phosphido Complexes with Symmetric and Asymmetric UPU Cores." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 56, no. 35 (July 24, 2017): 10495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201706002.

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Rookes, Thomas M., Benedict M. Gardner, Gábor Balázs, Matthew Gregson, Floriana Tuna, Ashley J. Wooles, Manfred Scheer, and Stephen T. Liddle. "Crystalline Diuranium Phosphinidiide and μ-Phosphido Complexes with Symmetric and Asymmetric UPU Cores." Angewandte Chemie 129, no. 35 (July 24, 2017): 10631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201706002.

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Goodman, Jessica L., Susan Wang, Shabnam Alam, Frank J. Ruzicka, Perry A. Frey, and Joseph E. Wedekind. "Ornithine Cyclodeaminase: Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Implications for the μ-Crystallin Family†,‡." Biochemistry 43, no. 44 (November 2004): 13883–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi048207i.

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Hallen, André, Arthur J. L. Cooper, Joanne F. Jamie, Paul A. Haynes, and Robert D. Willows. "Mammalian forebrain ketimine reductase identified as μ-crystallin; potential regulation by thyroid hormones." Journal of Neurochemistry 118, no. 3 (March 15, 2011): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07220.x.

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Aksoy, Osman, Jan Pencik, Markus Hartenbach, Ali A. Moazzami, Michaela Schlederer, Theresa Balber, Adam Varady, et al. "Thyroid and androgen receptor signaling are antagonized by μ‐Crystallin in prostate cancer." International Journal of Cancer 148, no. 3 (October 31, 2020): 731–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33332.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Μ-crystallins'

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