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Journal articles on the topic 'Α-olefin copolymer'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mühlenbrock, Peter H., and Gerhard Fink. "Ethen/1-Hexen- und 1-Octadecen-Copolymerisation mit dem stereorigiden Zirkon-Katalysatorsystem iPr(CpFlu)ZrCl2/MAO: Einfluß der Temperatur / Copolym erization of Ethene/1-Hexene and 1-Oetadecen with the Stereorigid Zirconium Catalyst System iPr(CpFlu)ZrCl2/MAO : Influence of the Temperature." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 50, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1995-0317.

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Ethene was copolymerized with 1-hexene and 1-octadecene at different temperatures to study the influence of the temperature. The stereorigid catalyst [2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yliden- (iso-propyliden)fluoren-9-yliden]zirconium dichloride iPr(CpFlu )ZrCl2 1 in combination with methylalumoxane MAO was used. The polymerization rate of ethene depends in a wide range on the temperature and the com onom er content in solution. In each case a large rate enhancem ent at low ratios [com onom er]/[ethene] was observed. A t 25 °C the polymerization rate of ethene increases continuously with increasing [1-hexene]/[ethene]-ratio. At 40 °C the consumption of ethene is nearly independent of the 1-hexene content in solution. Finally, at 60 °C, similar to the ethene/1-octadecene-copolymerisation at different temperatures, the polymerization rate of ethene decreases with increasing [1-hexene]/[ethene]-ratio. It is suggested that this behavior is caused by the mobility of the side chains in the copolym er near the active center, probably for sterical reasons. W ith increasing temperatures, the side chain becomes more and more flexible and thus the sterical hindrance is increased. This effect is even stronger with long chain α-olefins.The microstructure of the copolymer was investigated with respect to Marcovian statistic 1. and 2. order. The experimental triad distribution is described satisfactorily only with the second order statistic. Independent of the temperature the r22 parameter is considerably greater than the r12 parameter, the insertion of an α-olefin thus being more favored for he sequence {R -(α-olefine)-(α-olefine)-Kat.} than for {R -(ethene)-(α-olefine)-Kat.}. It therefore appears that both last inserted monomers influence the insertion of the subsequent monomer, especially at high comonomer contents. Furthermore, the parameters for the α-olefin insertions r22 and r12 are nearly independent of the temperature of polymerization, whereas the r11 and r21 parameters increase with increasing temperature.

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2

Derry, Matthew J., Lee A. Fielding, and Steven P. Armes. "Industrially-relevant polymerization-induced self-assembly formulations in non-polar solvents: RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 16 (2015): 3054–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5py00157a.

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Diblock copolymer spheres, worms and vesicles are prepared via RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate in either mineral oil or a poly(α-olefin) using polymerization-induced self-assembly; an efficient ‘one-pot’ protocol is reported for spheres at 30% solids in mineral oil.

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3

Zhu, Lei, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Yusheng Xing, and Bilal Ul Amin. "Advances in the Synthesis of Polyolefin Elastomers with “Chain-walking” Catalysts and Electron Spin Resonance Research of Related Catalytic Systems." Current Organic Chemistry 25, no. 8 (April 28, 2021): 935–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272825666210126100641.

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In recent years, polyolefin elastomers play an increasingly important role in industry. The late transition metal complex catalysts, especially α-diimine Ni(II) and α-diimine Pd(II) complex catalysts, are popular “chain-walking” catalysts. They can prepare polyolefin with various structures, ranging from linear configuration to highly branched configuration. Combining the “chain-walking” characteristic with different polymerization strategies, polyolefins with good elasticity can be obtained. Among them, olefin copolymer is a common way to produce polyolefin elastomers. For instance, strictly defined diblock or triblock copolymers with excellent elastic properties were synthesized by adding ethylene and α-olefin in sequence. As well as the incorporation of polar monomers may lead to some unexpected improvement. Chain shuttling polymerization can generate multiblock copolymers in one pot due to the interaction of the catalysts with chain shuttling agent. Furthermore, when regarding ethylene as the sole feedstock, owing to the “oscillation” of the ligands of the asymmetric catalysts, polymers with stereo-block structures can be generated. Generally, the elasticity of these polyolefins mainly comes from the alternately crystallineamorphous block structures, which is closely related to the characteristic of the catalytic system. To improve performance of the catalysts and develop excellent polyolefin elastomers, research on the catalytic mechanism is of great significance. Electron spin resonance (ESR), as a precise method to detect unpaired electron, can be applied to study transition metal active center. Therefore, the progress on the exploration of the valence and the proposed configuration of catalyst active center in the catalytic process by ESR is also reviewed.

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4

Nitta, Koh-hei, Keikichi Okamoto, and Masayuki Yamaguchi. "Mechanical properties of binary blends of polypropylene with ethylene-α-olefin copolymer." Polymer 39, no. 1 (January 1998): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(97)00239-5.

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5

Zhou, Xiang, Jiachun Feng, Dong Cheng, Jianjun Yi, and Li Wang. "Different crystallization behavior of olefin block copolymer in α- and β-polypropylene matrix." Polymer 54, no. 17 (August 2013): 4719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2013.06.034.

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6

Hunke, Harald, Navneet Soin, Andreas Gebhard, Tahir Shah, Erich Kramer, Kurt Witan, Anand Arcot Narasimulu, and Elias Siores. "Plasma modified Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lubrication of α-olefin-copolymer impact-modified Polyamide 66." Wear 338-339 (September 2015): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.06.003.

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7

Coiai, Serena, Francesca Cicogna, Chengcheng Yang, Veronika Tempesti, Sabrina Carroccio, Giuliana Gorrasi, Raniero Mendichi, Nadka Dintcheva, and Elisa Passaglia. "Grafting of Hindered Phenol Groups onto Ethylene/α-Olefin Copolymer by Nitroxide Radical Coupling." Polymers 9, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym9120670.

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8

Guo, Yintian, Zhenmei Cheng, Shaofei Song, Yuhong Weng, Anyang Wu, Junting Xu, Zhisheng Fu, and Zhiqiang Fan. "Synthesis of multiblock ethylene/long-chain α-olefin copolymer via chain walking polymerization using thermostable α-diimine nickel catalyst." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 55, no. 17 (June 23, 2017): 2725–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.28692.

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9

Chen, Fei, Robert A. Shanks, and Gandara Amarasinghe. "Structural and Mechanical Properties Changes of Ethylene-α-olefin Copolymer Blends Induced by Thermal Treatments and Composition." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 289, no. 6 (June 25, 2004): 552–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.200300387.

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10

Kakhramanov, N. T., I. V. Bayramova, V. S. Osipchik, A. D. Ismayilzade, S. R. Abdalova, I. A. Ismayilov, and U. V. Namazli. "PHYSICOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON COPOLYMERS OF ETHYLENE WITH α-OLEFINS AND CLINOPTILOLITE." Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, no. 4 (December 12, 2020): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2020-4-22-27.

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The results of studying the effect of clinoptilolite concentration on the properties of nanocomposites based on of ethylene with butylene and of ethylene with hexene copolymer are presented. The effect of clinoptilolite particle size on ultimate tensile stress, elongation at break, flexural modulus, heat resistance, and melt flow index of composites was studied. It is shown that nanocomposites based on ethylene copolymers are characterized by higher values of physicomechanical properties. The additional use of ingredients such as alizarin and calcium stearate contributes to a significant improvement in the complex of properties of nanocomposites based on ethylene copolymers and clinoptilolite

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11

Kontopoulou, M., W. Wang, T. G. Gopakumar, and C. Cheung. "Effect of composition and comonomer type on the rheology, morphology and properties of ethylene-α-olefin copolymer/polypropylene blends." Polymer 44, no. 24 (November 2003): 7495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2003.08.043.

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12

Bozdoğan, Deniz Demircan, Günay Kibarer, and Zakir M. O. Rzayev. "Functional copolymer/organo-MMT nanoarchitectures: self-assembled core-shell morphology of poly(maleic anhydride-alt-α-olefin)/organo-MMT nanocomposites." Polymer Bulletin 70, no. 11 (August 17, 2013): 3185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00289-013-1016-y.

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13

Zhang, Min, Thomas W. Karjala, and Pradeep Jain. "Modeling of α-Olefin Copolymerization with Chain-Shuttling Chemistry Using Dual Catalysts in Stirred-Tank Reactors: Molecular Weight Distributions and Copolymer Composition." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 49, no. 17 (September 2010): 8135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie100530p.

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14

Zhang, Qing, Ping Chen, Xiaoli Xie, and Xianwu Cao. "An effective method to identify the type and content of α-olefin in polyolefine copolymer by Fourier Transform Infrared-Differential Scanning Calorimetry." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 113, no. 5 (September 5, 2009): 3027–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.30249.

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15

Rennert, Mirko, Steffen Fiedler, Michael Nase, Matthias Menzel, Sandra Günther, Jörg Kressler, and Wolfgang Grellmann. "Investigation of the migration behavior of polyisobutylene with various molecular weights in ethylene/α-olefin copolymer blown stretch films for improved cling properties." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 131, no. 10 (December 14, 2013): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.40239.

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16

Lorber, Christian. "[ONNO]-type amine bis(phenolate)-based vanadium catalysts for ethylene homo- and copolymerization." Pure and Applied Chemistry 81, no. 7 (June 30, 2009): 1205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-08-08-05.

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The synthesis and solution and solid-state structural characterization of a family of amine bis(phenolate) [ONNO]-vanadium complexes is reviewed. These compounds have oxidation states ranging from vanadium(II) to vanadium(V), and were evaluated as olefin polymerization catalysts. In association with EtAlCl2 cocatalyst, we studied the homopolymerization of ethylene, propene, and 1-hexene, as well as the copolymerization of ethylene with α-olefins (1-hexene, 1-octene) and cycloolefins (norbornene, cyclopentene). Some of these catalysts were shown to produce copolymers with a good activity and comonomer content.

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17

Hosoda, Satoru, Yoshinobu Nozue, Yasutoyo Kawashima, Kouei Suita, Shuichiro Seno, Tatsuhiro Nagamatsu, Kenneth B. Wagener, et al. "Effect of the Sequence Length Distribution on the Lamellar Crystal Thickness and Thickness Distribution of Polyethylene: Perfectly Equisequential ADMET Polyethylene vs Ethylene/α-Olefin Copolymer." Macromolecules 44, no. 2 (January 25, 2011): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma102072p.

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18

Yuan, Haobo, Takumitsu Kida, Ryo Tanaka, Zhengguo Cai, Yuushou Nakayama, and Takeshi Shiono. "Correction: Synthesis and properties of block copolymers composed of norbornene/higher α-olefin gradient segments using ansa-fluorenylamidodimethyltitanium-[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] catalyst system." Polymer Chemistry 12, no. 5 (2021): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1py90010b.

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Correction for ‘Synthesis and properties of block copolymers composed of norbornene/higher α-olefin gradient segments using ansa-fluorenylamidodimethyltitanium-[Ph₃C][B(C₆F₅)₄] catalyst system’ by Haobo Yuan et al., Polym. Chem., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d0py01370f.

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19

Turcsányi, Béla, Ferenc Tüd[otilde]s, Zdenek Mrázek, and Rudolf Lukás. "Thermal Degradation of Vinylchloride/α-Olefin Copolymers." International Journal of Polymeric Materials 13, no. 1-4 (September 1990): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00914039008039469.

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20

Fatou, J. G., I. G. Maciá, C. Marco, M. A. Gómez, J. M. Arribas, A. Fontecha, M. Aroca, and M. C. Martínez. "Mechanical properties of ethylene-α-olefin copolymers." Journal of Materials Science 31, no. 12 (June 1996): 3095–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00354654.

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21

Seppälä, Jukka Veli. "Copolymers of ethylene with butene-1 and long chain α-olefins. I. Decene-1 as long chain α-olefin." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30, no. 9 (September 1985): 3545–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300903.

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22

Seppälä, Jukka Veli, and Neste Oy. "Copolymers of ethylene with butene-1 and long chain α-olefins. II. Dodecene-1 as long chain α-olefin." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 31, no. 2 (February 5, 1986): 657–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070310230.

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23

Seppälä, Jukka Veli. "Copolymers of ethylene with butene-1 and long chain α-olefins, III. Hexadecene-1 as long chain α-olefin." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 31, no. 2 (February 5, 1986): 699–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070310233.

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24

Kontou, E., M. Niaounakis, and G. Spathis. "Thermomechanical behavior of metallocene ethylene-α-olefin copolymers." European Polymer Journal 38, no. 12 (December 2002): 2477–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0014-3057(02)00148-9.

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25

Seguela, R., and F. Rietsch. "On the isomorphism of ethylene/α-olefin copolymers." Journal of Polymer Science Part C: Polymer Letters 24, no. 1 (January 1986): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1986.140240106.

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26

Kresge, E. N. "Polyolefin Thermoplastic Elastomer Blends." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 64, no. 3 (July 1, 1991): 469–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538564.

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Abstract Thermoplastic elastomers based on blends of polyolefins are an important family of engineering materials. Their importance arises from a combination of rubbery properties along with their thermoplastic nature in contrast to thermoset elastomers. The development of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer blends follows somewhat that of thermoplastic elastomers based on block copolymers such as styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer and multisegmented polyurethane thermoplastic elastomers which were instrumental in showing the utility of thermoplastic processing methods. Polyoleflns are based on coordination catalysts that do not easily lend themselves to block or multisegmented copolymer synthesis. However, since polyolefins have many important attributes favorable to useful elastomeric systems, there was considerable incentive to produce thermoplastic elastomers based on simple α-olefins by some means. Low density, chemical stability, weather resistance, and ability to accept compounding ingredients without compromising physical properties are highly desirable. These considerations led to the development of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer blends, and two types are now widely used: blends of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM) with polypropylene (PP) and blends of EPDM and PP in which the rubber phase is highly crosslinked. This article reviews the nature of these blends. Both physical and Theological properties are very dependent on the morphology and crosslink density of the blend system. Moreover, the usefulness of practical systems depends extensively on compounding technology based on added plasticizers and fillers.

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27

Yoon, Jin-San, Chung-Yul Chung, and In-Hyun Lee. "Solubility and diffusion coefficient of gaseous ethylene and α-olefin in ethylene/α-olefin random copolymers." European Polymer Journal 30, no. 11 (November 1994): 1209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(94)90128-7.

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28

Yang, Fei, Xiaoyan Wang, Zhe Ma, Bin Wang, Li Pan, and Yuesheng Li. "Copolymerization of Propylene with Higher α-Olefins by a Pyridylamidohafnium Catalyst: An Effective Approach to Polypropylene-Based Elastomer." Polymers 12, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010089.

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In this contribution, we explored the copolymerization of propylene with higher α-olefins, including 1-octene (C8) 1-dodecene (C12), 1-hexadecene (C16) and 1-eicosene (C20), by using a dimethyl pyridylamidohafnium catalyst. A series of copolymers with varied comonomer incorporation, high molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution were obtained at mild conditions. The effects of the insertion of the comonomers on the microstructure, thermal and final mechanical properties were systemically studied by 13C NMR, wide-angle X-ray scattering, DSC and tensile test. Excellent mechanical performances were achieved by tuning the incorporation and chain length of the higher α-olefins. When the comonomer content reached above 12 mol.%, polypropylene-based elastomers were obtained with high ductility. A combination of excellent elastic recovery and flexibility was achieved for the P/C16 copolymers with about 20 mol.% monomer incorporation. The monomer incorporation and side chain length played a crucial role in determining the mechanical property of the outstanding polypropylene-based elastomers.

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29

Joubert, D. J., B. Goderis, H. Reynaers, and V. B. F. Mathot. "Spatially inhomogeneous crystallinity in heterogeneous ethylene-α-olefin copolymers." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 43, no. 21 (2005): 3000–3018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.20579.

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30

Malins, Edward L., Carl Waterson, and C. Remzi Becer. "Utilising alternative modifications of α-olefin end groups to synthesise amphiphilic block copolymers." RSC Advances 6, no. 75 (2016): 71773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra15346a.

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31

Juhász, P., J. Varga, K. Belina, and G. Belina. "EFFICIENCY OF β-NUCLEATING AGENTS IN PROPYLENE/α-OLEFIN COPOLYMERS." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B 41, no. 4-6 (January 11, 2002): 1173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/mb-120013090.

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32

Nifant’ev, Ilya, Alexander Vinogradov, Alexey Vinogradov, and Pavel Ivchenko. "DFT Modeling of the Alternating Radical Copolymerization and Alder-Ene Reaction between Maleic Anhydride and Olefins." Polymers 12, no. 4 (March 27, 2020): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12040744.

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The free radical copolymerization of electron-acceptor and electron-donor vinyl monomers represents a particular case of sequence-controlled polymerization. The reactions of maleic anhydride (MA) or related compounds (acceptor comonomers) with α-olefins (donor comonomers) result in the formation of the alternating copolymers that have clear prospects for petrochemical and biomedical applications. However, in contrast to the well-established polymerization of acrylate monomers, these processes have not been studied theoretically using the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In our research, we performed a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the free radical copolymerization of MA and closely related maleimide with different structural types of olefins at mpw1pw91/6-311g(d) level of the DFT. The results of our calculations clearly indicated the preference of the alternating reaction mode for the copolymerization of MA with α-olefins, isobutylene and prospective unsaturated monomers, as well as methylenealkanes. The DFT modeling of the thermally induced Alder-ene reaction between MA and olefins allowed to exclude this reaction from the scope of possible side processes at moderately high temperatures. Comparative analysis of MA and N-methylmaleimide (MMI) reactivity shown that the use of MMI instead of MA makes no sense in terms of the reaction rate and selectivity.

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33

Aspin, Ian P., Ana M. Barros, Philip Hodge, Carl R. Towns, and Ziad Ali-Adib. "Langmuir and Langmuir—Blodgett films of derivatives of α-olefin—maleic anhydride alternating copolymers prepared from olefins containing hydrophilic groups." Polymer 36, no. 8 (January 1995): 1707–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(95)99017-o.

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34

Stadler, Florian J., Joachim Kaschta, and Helmut Münstedt. "Dynamic-mechanical behavior of polyethylenes and ethene-/α-olefin-copolymers. Part I. α′-Relaxation." Polymer 46, no. 23 (November 2005): 10311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.07.099.

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35

Salakhov, Ildar I., Anatoly E. Chalykh, Nadim M. Shaidullin, Alexey V. Shapagin, Nikita Yu Budylin, Ramil R. Khasbiullin, Ilya E. Nifant’ev, and Vladimir K. Gerasimov. "Phase Equilibria and Interdiffusion in Bimodal High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Based Compositions." Polymers 13, no. 5 (March 6, 2021): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050811.

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The compositions based on bimodal high-density polyethylene (HDPE, copolymer of ethylene with hexene-1) and in mixture with monomodal tercopolymer of ethylene with butene-1/hexene-1 (LLDPE, low-density polyethylene) have been studied. Phase equilibrium, thermodynamic parameters of interdiffusion in a wide range of temperatures and ratios of co-components were identified by refractometry, differential scanning calorimetry, optical laser interferometry, X-ray phase analysis. The phase state diagrams of the HDPE—LLDPE systems were constructed. It has been established that they belong to the class of state diagrams of “solid crystal solutions with unrestricted mixing of components”. The paired parameters of the components interaction and their temperature dependences were calculated. Thermodynamic compatibility of α-olefins in the region of melts and crystallization of one of the components has been shown. The kinetics of formation of interphase boundaries during crystallization of α-olefins has been analyzed. The morphology of crystallized gradient diffusion zones has been analyzed by optical polarization microscopy. The sizes of spherulites in different areas of concentration profiles and values of interdiffusion coefficients were determined.

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36

Satti, A. J., N. A. Andreucetti, R. Quijada, and E. M. Vallés. "Crosslinking of metallocenic α-olefin propylene copolymers by vacuum gamma irradiation." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 81, no. 12 (December 2012): 1874–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2012.07.007.

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37

Kissin, Yury V. "Modeling differential scanning calorimetry melting curves of ethylene/α-olefin copolymers." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 49, no. 3 (November 8, 2010): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.22164.

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38

Stadler, Florian J., and Helmut Münstedt. "Terminal viscous and elastic properties of linear ethene∕α-olefin copolymers." Journal of Rheology 52, no. 3 (May 2008): 697–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.2892039.

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39

Sehanobish, K., R. M. Patel, B. A. Croft, S. P. Chum, and C. I. Kao. "Effect of chain microstructure on modulus of ethylene–α-olefin copolymers." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 51, no. 5 (January 31, 1994): 887–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070510511.

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40

Djakov, Tatjana, Jovanka Filipovic, and Dusanka Petrovic-Djakov. "Synthetic lubricants based on copolymers of n-butyl methacrylate and α-olefins." Chemical Industry 56, no. 12 (2002): 526–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0212526d.

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Synthetic fluids obtained by the copolymerization of ? -olefins with alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids have a unique combination of properties of non-polar poly-a-olefins (PAOs) and polar esters in a single molecule. These compounds are characterized by superior thermal, oxidative and hydrolytic stability, miscibility with mineral and synthetic base oils solubility of additives and neutral elastomer behavior. Depending on the molar masses and comonomer ratios in the copolymer molecule, synthetic fluids with a wide range of properties are obtained. These compounds are valuable components in lubricating oil formulations for different applications.

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41

Leone, Giuseppe, Massimiliano Mauri, Fabio Bertini, Maurizio Canetti, Daniele Piovani, and Giovanni Ricci. "Ni(II) α-Diimine-Catalyzed α-Olefins Polymerization: Thermoplastic Elastomers of Block Copolymers." Macromolecules 48, no. 5 (February 23, 2015): 1304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma502427u.

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42

Halász, L., O. Vorster, and K. Belina. "The effect of short chain branching on the rheological and thermal properties of olefin: α-olefin copolymers." Rheologica Acta 44, no. 4 (January 15, 2005): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-004-0427-y.

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43

Yamaguchi, Masayuki, Hiroshi Miyata, Victor Tan, and Costas G. Gogos. "Relation between molecular structure and flow instability for ethylene/α-olefin copolymers." Polymer 43, no. 19 (September 2002): 5249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00373-7.

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44

Starck, Paul, and Barbro Löfgren. "Thermal properties of ethylene/long chain α-olefin copolymers produced by metallocenes." European Polymer Journal 38, no. 1 (January 2002): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0014-3057(01)00174-4.

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45

Tarasova, E., T. Poltimäe, A. Krumme, A. Lehtinen, and A. Viikna. "Study of Very Low Temperature Crystallization Process in Ethylene/α -Olefin Copolymers." Macromolecular Symposia 282, no. 1 (August 2009): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.200950818.

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46

Marques, Maria M., Susete Fernandes, Sandra G. Correia, Susana Caroço, Pedro T. Gomes, Alberto R. Dias, João Mano, Marvin D. Rausch, and James C W Chien. "Synthesis of polar vinyl monomer-olefin copolymers by α-diimine nickel catalyst." Polymer International 50, no. 5 (April 4, 2001): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.669.

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Riechert, Verónica M., Aníbal G. Ferrofino, Jorge A. Ressia, Marcelo D. Failla, and Lidia M. Quinzani. "Modification of propylene-α-olefin copolymers by maleic anhydride grafting and blending." International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 24, no. 4 (April 15, 2019): 355–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1023666x.2019.1598633.

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Chen, Xue, Florian J. Stadler, Helmut Münstedt, and Ronald G. Larson. "Method for obtaining tube model parameters for commercial ethene/α-olefin copolymers." Journal of Rheology 54, no. 2 (March 2010): 393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.3305721.

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Nomura, Kotohiro, Sarntamon Pengoubol, and Wannida Apisuk. "Synthesis of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polymers Containing Reactive Functionality with Low PDIs by Polymerizations of Long-Chain α-Olefins in the Presence of Their Nonconjugated Dienes by Cp*TiMe2(O-2,6-iPr2C6H3)–Borate Catalyst." Polymers 12, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010003.

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Abstract:

Copolymerizations of 1-decene (DC) with 1,9-decadiene (DCD), 1-dodecene (DD) with 1,11-dodecadiene (DDD), and 1-tetradecene (TD) with 1,13-tetradecadiene (TDD), using Cp*TiMe2(O-2,6-iPr2C6H3) (1)–[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] (borate) catalyst in the presence of AliBu3/Al(n-C8H17)3 proceeded in a quasi-living manner in n-hexane at −30 to −50 °C, affording ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) copolymers containing terminal olefinic double bonds in the side chain with rather low PDI (Mw/Mn) values. In the DC/DCD copolymerization, the resultant copolymer prepared at −40 °C possessed UHMW (Mn = 1.40 × 106 after 45 min) with low PDI (Mw/Mn = 1.39); both the activity and the PDI value decreased at low polymerization temperature (Mn = 5.38 × 105, Mw/Mn = 1.18, after 120 min at −50 °C). UHMW poly(TD-co-TDD) was also obtained in the copolymerization at −30 °C (Mn = 9.12 × 105, Mw/Mn = 1.51, after 120 min), using this catalyst.

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Stadler, Florian J. "Dynamic-mechanical behavior of polyethylenes and ethene/α-olefin-copolymers: Part II. α- and β-relaxation." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 28, no. 3 (March 2011): 954–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11814-010-0411-4.

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