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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Zero latence“

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Veröffentlicht am 16. November 2024

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1

Dwivedi, Dwivedi, MB Rao, Sada Nand Dwivedi, S. V. S. Deo und Rakesh Shukla. „On Classifying At Risk Latent Zeros Using Zero Inflated Models“. Journal of Data Science 12, Nr. 2 (09.03.2021): 307–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.6339/jds.201404_12(2).0006.

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2

Oostvogels, Jonathan, Fan Yang, Sam Michiels, Wouter Joosen und Danny Hughes. „Zero-Wire“. GetMobile: Mobile Computing and Communications 25, Nr. 1 (15.06.2021): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3471440.3471450.

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Latency-sensitive applications for the Internet of Things (IoT) often require performance guarantees that contemporary wireless networks fail to offer. Application scenarios involving real-time control of industrial machinery, robotics, or delay-sensitive actuation therefore typically still rely on cables: today's wireless networks cannot deliver messages in a sufficiently small and predictable amount of time. Drop-in wireless replacements for these cabled systems would nevertheless provide great benefit by eliminating the high cost and complexity associated with running cables in harsh industrial environments [1]. The symbolsynchronous bus, introduced in this article and embodied in a platform called Zero-Wire, is a novel wireless networking paradigm that addresses this gap. Using concurrent optical transmissions, it strives to bring low-latency deterministic networking to the wireless IoT.

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Bell, Simon, und Steve Walker. „Futurescaping Infinite Bandwidth, Zero Latency“. Futures 43, Nr. 5 (Juni 2011): 525–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2011.01.011.

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4

ALLCROFT, D. J., und C. A. GLASBEY. „Analysis of crop lodging using a latent variable model“. Journal of Agricultural Science 140, Nr. 4 (Juni 2003): 383–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859603003332.

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A method for quantifying treatment comparisons for a situation in which there are too many zeros in the dataset for a conventional analysis of variance to be valid is presented. The method assumes the existence of a latent variable such that zero observations correspond to values below a threshold, and non-zero observations are transformed to fit the part of the distribution above the threshold. The method is known as Tobit analysis in econometrics. Parameters are estimated by maximum likelihood and standard errors obtained, all using standard numerical routines. Use of the method is demonstrated by analysis of a dataset of crop lodging, and it is anticipated to be widely applicable to other types of data for which high numbers of zeros prevent conventional analysis.

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Nikitha, Nikitha Nikitha. „Future Tech 5g Virtual Zero Latency“. International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 5, Nr. 3 (01.12.2016): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v5i3.pp106-110.

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<p>With the point of conveying any data in whenever and anyplace, the people to come (5G) remote communication systems turn into a style theme in the remote examination territories and new waveform, as one of the key empowering advances in 5G physical layer, pulls in developing exploration considerations lately. Be that as it may, the current method for waveform examination or investigation depends on the change of range productivity or use, while the majority of them neglects to research the vitality proficiency conduct, which is appeared to be the key execution metric of 5G frameworks. In this paper, the most part is concentrated on looking over the waveforms from the vitality proficiency perspective. Two classifications of waveforms, specifically channel based waveform and spreading-based waveform, are broke down and the related execution issues are talked about. Besides, we actualize the above waveforms utilizing programming characterized radio based model stage and produce the estimation results for the vitality productivity correlation.</p>

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Wu, Bo-Sheng, Chen-Chiung Hsieh und Yu-Wei Chen. „Zero-latency scheduling scheme for broadcasting popular movies“. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 56, Nr. 4 (November 2010): 2317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2010.5681106.

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7

Lisberger, S. G. „Visual tracking in monkeys: evidence for short-latency suppression of the vestibuloocular reflex“. Journal of Neurophysiology 63, Nr. 4 (01.04.1990): 676–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.63.4.676.

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1. Monkeys normally use a combination of smooth head and eye movements to keep the eyes pointed at a slowly moving object. The visual inputs from target motion evoke smooth pursuit eye movements, whereas the vestibular inputs from head motion evoke a vestibuloocular reflex (VOR). Our study asks how the eye movements of pursuit and the VOR interact. Is there a linear addition of independent commands for pursuit and the VOR? Or does the interaction of visual and vestibular stimuli cause momentary, "parametric" modulation of transmission through VOR pathways? 2. We probed for the state of the VOR and pursuit by presenting transient perturbations of target and/or head motion under different steady-state tracking conditions. Tracking conditions included fixation at straight-ahead gaze, in which both the head and the target were stationary; "times-zero (X0) tracking," in which the target and head moved in the same direction at the same speed; and "times-two (X2) tracking," in which the target and head moved in opposite directions at the same speed. 3. Comparison of the eye velocities evoked by changes in the direction of X0 versus X2 tracking revealed two components of the tracking response. The earliest component, which we attribute to the VOR, had a latency of 14 ms and a trajectory that did not depend on initial tracking conditions. The later component had a latency of 70 ms or less and a trajectory that did depend on tracking conditions. 4. To probe the latency of pursuit eye movements, we imposed perturbations of target velocity imposed during X0 and X2 tracking. The resulting changes in eye velocity had latencies of at least 100 ms. We conclude that the effects of initial tracking conditions on eye velocity at latencies of less than 70 ms cannot be caused by visual feedback through the smooth-pursuit system. Instead, there must be another mechanism for short-latency control over the VOR; we call this component of the response "short-latency tracking." 5. Perturbations of head velocity or head and target velocity during X0 and X2 tracking showed that short-latency tracking depended only on the tracking conditions at the time the perturbation was imposed. The VOR appeared to be suppressed when the initial conditions were X0 tracking. 6. The magnitude of short-latency tracking depended on the speed of initial head and target movement. During X0 tracking at 15 deg/s, short-latency tracking was modest. When the initial speed of head and target motion was 60 deg/s, the amplitude of short-latency tracking was quite large and its latency became as short as 36 ms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Jack, Robert H., Adib Mehrabi, Tony Stockman und Andrew McPherson. „Action-sound Latency and the Perceived Quality of Digital Musical Instruments“. Music Perception 36, Nr. 1 (01.09.2018): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2018.36.1.109.

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Asynchrony between tactile and auditory feedback (action-sound latency) when playing a musical instrument is widely recognized as disruptive to musical performance. In this paper we present a study that assesses the effects of delayed auditory feedback on the timing accuracy and judgments of instrument quality for two groups of participants: professional percussionists and non-percussionist amateur musicians. The amounts of delay tested in this study are relatively small in comparison to similar studies of auditory delays in a musical context (0 ms, 10 ms, 10 ms ± 3 ms, 20 ms). We found that both groups rated the zero latency condition as higher quality for a series of quality measures in comparison to 10 ms ± 3 ms and 20 ms latency, but did not show a significant difference in rating between 10 ms latency and zero latency. Professional percussionists were more aware of the latency conditions and showed less variation of timing under the latency conditions, although this ability decreased as the temporal demands of the task increased. We compare our findings from each group and discuss them in relation to latency in interactive digital systems more generally and experimentally similar work on sensorimotor control and rhythmic performance.

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Saad-Roy, Chadi M., Ned S. Wingreen, Simon A. Levin und Bryan T. Grenfell. „Dynamics in a simple evolutionary-epidemiological model for the evolution of an initial asymptomatic infection stage“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, Nr. 21 (08.05.2020): 11541–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920761117.

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Pathogens exhibit a rich variety of life history strategies, shaped by natural selection. An important pathogen life history characteristic is the propensity to induce an asymptomatic yet productive (transmissive) stage at the beginning of an infection. This characteristic is subject to complex trade-offs, ranging from immunological considerations to population-level social processes. We aim to classify the evolutionary dynamics of such asymptomatic behavior of pathogens (hereafter “latency”) in order to unify epidemiology and evolution for this life history strategy. We focus on a simple epidemiological model with two infectious stages, where hosts in the first stage can be partially or fully asymptomatic. Immunologically, there is a trade-off between transmission and progression in this first stage. For arbitrary trade-offs, we derive different conditions that guarantee either at least one evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) at zero, some, or maximal latency of the first stage or, perhaps surprisingly, at least one unstable evolutionarily singular strategy. In this latter case, there is bistability between zero and nonzero (possibly maximal) latency. We then prove the uniqueness of interior evolutionarily singular strategies for power-law and exponential trade-offs: Thus, bistability is always between zero and maximal latency. Overall, previous multistage infection models can be summarized with a single model that includes evolutionary processes acting on latency. Since small changes in parameter values can lead to abrupt transitions in evolutionary dynamics, appropriate disease control strategies could have a substantial impact on the evolution of first-stage latency.

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Kim, Sunghwan, Gyusun Lee, Jiwon Woo und Jinkyu Jeong. „Zero-Copying I/O Stack for Low-Latency SSDs“. IEEE Computer Architecture Letters 20, Nr. 1 (01.01.2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lca.2021.3064876.

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11

Cai, Songfu, und Vincent K. N. Lau. „Zero MAC Latency Sensor Networking for Cyber-Physical Systems“. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 66, Nr. 14 (15.07.2018): 3814–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2018.2831623.

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12

Chakraborty, Mrityunjoy, und Suraiya Pervin. „Pipelining the adaptive decision feedback equalizer with zero latency“. Signal Processing 83, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2003): 2675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2003.07.003.

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13

Greer, Trey, Josef Spjut, David Luebke und Turner Whitted. „8-3: Hybrid Modulation for Near Zero Display Latency“. SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 47, Nr. 1 (Mai 2016): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.10614.

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14

Madarbux, Muhammad Ridwan, Anouk Van Laer, Philip M. Watts und Timothy M. Jones. „Towards zero latency photonic switching in shared memory networks“. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 26, Nr. 15 (14.08.2014): 2551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.3334.

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15

Kavanagh, Kevin T., und Renaee Franks. „Analog and Digital Filtering of the Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Response“. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 98, Nr. 7 (Juli 1989): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948909800704.

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This study compared the filtering effects on the auditory evoked potential of zero and standard phase shift digital filters (the former was a mathematical approximation of a standard Butterworth filter). Conventional filters were found to decrease the height of the evoked response in the majority of waveforms compared to zero phase shift filters. a 36-dB/octave zero phase shift high pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 100 Hz produced a 16% reduction in wave amplitude compared to the unfiltered control. a 36-dB/octave, 100-Hz standard phase shift high pass filter produced a 41% reduction, and a 12-dB/octave, 150-Hz standard phase shift high pass filter produced a 38% reduction in wave amplitude compared to the unfiltered control. a decrease in the mean along with an increase in the variability of wave IV/V latency was also noted with conventional compared to zero phase shift filters. The increase in the variability of the latency measurement was due to the difficulty in waveform identification caused by the phase shift distortion of the conventional filter along with the variable decrease in wave latency caused by phase shifting responses with different spectral content. Our results indicated that a zero phase shift high pass filter of 100 Hz was the most desirable filter studied for the mitigation of spontaneous brain activity and random muscle artifact.

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Wu, Ben, Yang Qi, Chenxi Qiu und Ying Tang. „Wideband Anti-Jamming Based on Free Space Optical Communication and Photonic Signal Processing“. Sensors 21, Nr. 4 (06.02.2021): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041136.

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We propose and demonstrate an anti-jamming system to defend against wideband jamming attack. Free space optical communication is deployed to provide a reference for jamming cancellation. The mixed signal is processed and separated with photonic signal processing method to achieve large bandwidth. As an analog signal processing method, the cancellation system introduces zero latency. The radio frequency signals are modulated on optical carriers to achieve wideband and unanimous frequency response. With wideband and zero latency, the system meets the key requirements of high speed and real-time communications in transportation systems.

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17

Zhang, Y. X. Q., Y. D. Peng, J. D. Li, C. X. Zhang, D. R. Yu, R. T. Xia, D. B. Liu und B. Yang. „Latent factor model based zero-shot learning“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1914, Nr. 1 (01.05.2021): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1914/1/012003.

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18

Yu, Yunlong, Zhong Ji, Jichang Guo und Zhongfei Zhang. „Zero-Shot Learning via Latent Space Encoding“. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics 49, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2019): 3755–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcyb.2018.2850750.

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19

Smits, Niels, Oğuzhan Öğreden, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Caroline B. Terwee und R. Philip Chalmers. „A study of alternative approaches to non-normal latent trait distributions in item response theory models used for health outcome measurement“. Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, Nr. 4 (11.03.2020): 1030–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280220907625.

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It is often unrealistic to assume normally distributed latent traits in the measurement of health outcomes. If normality is violated, the item response theory (IRT) models that are used to calibrate questionnaires may yield parameter estimates that are biased. Recently, IRT models were developed for dealing with specific deviations from normality, such as zero-inflation (“excess zeros”) and skewness. However, these models have not yet been evaluated under conditions representative of item bank development for health outcomes, characterized by a large number of polytomous items. A simulation study was performed to compare the bias in parameter estimates of the graded response model (GRM), polytomous extensions of the zero-inflated mixture IRT (ZIM-GRM), and Davidian Curve IRT (DC-GRM). In the case of zero-inflation, the GRM showed high bias overestimating discrimination parameters and yielding estimates of threshold parameters that were too high and too close to one another, while ZIM-GRM showed no bias. In the case of skewness, the GRM and DC-GRM showed little bias with the GRM showing slightly better results. Consequences for the development of health outcome measures are discussed.

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Ranjan, Rajesh, Jayashree S. Bhat und Mohan Kumar Kalaiah. „Effect of auditory memory load on speech-evoked P300 in healthy adolescents“. Hearing Balance and Communication 22, Nr. 1 (Januar 2024): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/hbc.hbc_3_24.

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Abstract Background: The P300 is a late cortical neurophysiological response that can be elicited with auditory and visual stimulation, by presenting the stimuli in an odd-ball paradigm. When deviant stimuli are elicited using auditory stimuli, the P300 is recorded as a large positive peak approximately 300 ms after the stimulus onset in the waveform. Adolescent brain development is heavily influenced by hormonal and physical transitions. Most of the investigations have been done in children and adults, with a limited focus on adolescents. Hence, there is a need to understand the characteristics of P300 in this group. Objective: The current research was planned to measure the effect of auditory memory load on speech-evoked P300 in healthy adolescents. Methods: A total of 14 late adolescents aged between 18.1 and 24 years participated in the study. The P300 was used to record speech stimuli in N-back (zero-back, one-back, and two-back) tasks using 64 channels. Results: There was a significant difference in the latency and amplitude of P300 across the N-back tasks. The mean amplitude of P300 was the highest in a zero-back task and the lowest in a one-back task, and the mean latency of P300 was the lowest in a zero-back task and the highest in a one-back task. Conclusion: Prolonged latency and smaller amplitude of the P300 as the N-back difficulty level increased from zero-back to one-back and then two-back tasks in healthy adolescents.

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Kaklamani, Dimitra I., Athanasios D. Panagopoulos und Panagiotis K. Gkonis. „Antennas and Propagation Aspects for Emerging Wireless Communication Technologies“. Electronics 10, Nr. 8 (18.04.2021): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080964.

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The increasing demand for high data rate applications and the delivery of zero-latency multimedia content drives technological evolutions towards the design and implementation of next-generation broadband wireless networks [...]

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Xie, Yurui, Xiaohai He, Jing Zhang und Xiaodong Luo. „Zero-shot recognition with latent visual attributes learning“. Multimedia Tools and Applications 79, Nr. 37-38 (24.07.2020): 27321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-09316-4.

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23

Wang, Qian, und Ke Chen. „Zero-Shot Visual Recognition via Bidirectional Latent Embedding“. International Journal of Computer Vision 124, Nr. 3 (28.06.2017): 356–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-017-1027-5.

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24

Sengupta, Binanda, und Anantharaman Lakshminarayanan. „DistriTrust: Distributed and low-latency access validation in zero-trust architecture“. Journal of Information Security and Applications 63 (Dezember 2021): 103023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2021.103023.

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25

Green, Joseph B., Arden V. Nelson und Dellita Michael. „Digital zero-phase-shift filtering of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials“. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 63, Nr. 4 (April 1986): 384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(86)90024-6.

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26

Kiangala, Kahiomba Sonia, und Zenghui Wang. „An Effective Communication Prototype for Time-Critical IIoT Manufacturing Factories Using Zero-Loss Redundancy Protocols, Time-Sensitive Networking, and Edge-Computing in an Industry 4.0 Environment“. Processes 9, Nr. 11 (21.11.2021): 2084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9112084.

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The Industrial Internet of things (IIoT), the implementation of IoT in the industrial sector, requires a deterministic, real-time, and low-latency communication response for its time-critical applications. A delayed response in such applications could be life-threatening or result in significant losses for manufacturing plants. Although several measures in the likes of predictive maintenance are being put in place to prevent errors and guarantee high network availability, unforeseen failures of physical components are almost inevitable. Our research contribution is to design an efficient communication prototype, entirely based on internet protocol (IP) that combines state-of-the-art communication computing technologies principles to deliver a more stable industrial communication network. We use time-sensitive networking (TSN) and edge computing to increase the determinism of IIoT networks, and we reduce latency with zero-loss redundancy protocols that ensure the sustainability of IIoT networks with smooth recovery in case of unplanned outages. Combining these technologies altogether brings more effectiveness to communication networks than implementing standalone systems. Our study results develop two experimental IP-based industrial network communication prototypes in an intra-domain transmission scenario: the first one is based on the parallel zero-loss redundancy protocol (PRP) and the second one using the high-availability seamless zero-loss redundancy protocol (HSR). We also highlight the benefits of utilizing our communication prototypes to build robust industrial IP communication networks with high network availability and low latency as opposed to conventional communication networks running on seldom redundancy protocols such as Media Redundancy Protocol (MRP) or Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) with single-point of failure and delayed recovery time. While our two network communication prototypes—HSR and PRP—offer zero-loss recovery time in case of a single network failure, our PRP communication prototype goes a step further by providing an effective redundancy scheme against multiple link failures.

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Zhang, Xuebin, Jiangpeng Li, Hao Wang, Danni Xiong, Jerry Qu, Hyunsuk Shin, Jung Pill Kim und Tong Zhang. „Realizing Transparent OS/Apps Compression in Mobile Devices at Zero Latency Overhead“. IEEE Transactions on Computers 66, Nr. 7 (01.07.2017): 1188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tc.2017.2664838.

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28

Madni, Azad M., Carla C. Madni und John Salasin. „5.4.1 ProACT™: Process-aware Zero Latency System for Distributed, Collaborative Enterprises“. INCOSE International Symposium 12, Nr. 1 (August 2002): 783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2002.tb02539.x.

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29

Meier, Peter, Ching-Yu Chiu und Meinard Müller. „A Real-Time Beat Tracking System with Zero Latency and Enhanced Controllability“. Transactions of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval 7, Nr. 1 (2024): 213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/tismir.189.

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Guo, Xiaotao, Ying Zhang, Yu Jiang, Shenggang Wu und Hengnian Li. „A Novel Decomposed Optical Architecture for Satellite Terrestrial Network Edge Computing“. Mathematics 10, Nr. 14 (19.07.2022): 2515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10142515.

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Aiming at providing a high-performance terrestrial network for edge computing in satellite networks, we experimentally demonstrate a high bandwidth and low latency decomposed optical computing architecture based on distributed Nanoseconds Optical Switches (NOS). Experimental validation of the decomposed computing network prototype employs a four-port NOS to interconnect four processor/memory cubes. The SOA-based optical gates provide an ON/OFF ratio greater than 60 dB, enabling none-error transmission at a Bit Error Rate (BER) of 1 × 10−9. An end-to-end access latency of 122.3 ns and zero packet loss are obtained in the experimental assessment. Scalability and physical performance considering signal impairments when increasing the NOS port count are also investigated. An output OSNR of up to 30.5 dB and an none-error transmission with 1.5 dB penalty is obtained when scaling the NOS port count to 64. Moreover, exploiting the experimentally measured parameters, the network performance of NOS-based decomposed computing architecture is numerically assessed under larger network scales. The results indicate that, under a 4096-cube network scale, the NOS-based decomposed computing architecture achieves 148.5 ns end-to-end latency inside the same rack and zero packet loss at a link bandwidth of 40 Gb/s.

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Chen, Shiyan, und Dagang Li. „Efficient zero-copy mechanism for intelligent video surveillance networks“. MATEC Web of Conferences 189 (2018): 03021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818903021.

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Most of today’s intelligent video surveillance systems are based on Linux core and rely on the kernel’s socket mechanism for data transportation. In this paper, we propose APRO, a novel framework with optimized zero-copy capability customized for video surveillance networks. Without the help of special hardware support such as RNIC or NetFPGA, the software-based APRO can effectively reduce the CPU overhead and decrease the transmission latency, both of which are much appreciated for resource-limited video surveillance networks. Furthermore, unlike other software-based zero-copy mechanisms, in APRO zero-copied data from network packets are already reassembled and page aligned for user-spac applications to utilize, which makes it a ‘true’ zero-copy solution for localhost applications. The proposed mechanism is compared with standard TCP and netmap, a typical zero-copy framework. Simulation results show that APRO outperforms both TCP and localhost optimized netmap implementation with the smallest transmission delay and lowest CPU consumption.

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Yang, Hongbiao, Rapinder Sawhney, Shuguang Ji und Eric R. Wade. „Development of Walking in Place System based on Zero Crossing Algorithm“. International Journal of Virtual Reality 15, Nr. 2 (01.01.2016): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/ijvr.2016.15.2.2872.

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Walking in Place (WIP) is a way to facilitate locomotion tasks in the virtual environment while keeping the subject relatively static in the physical environment. This technique enables subjects to walk in a virtual space with limited physical space requirements. This paper introduces a burden-free and error-tolerant system to track the subjects' walking and turning motions, and to translate these motions to the virtual environment using the Microsoft Kinect. In addition, we introduce a zero crossing based algorithm that analyzes joint position data, detects the knee coordinates exchange pattern, and produces locomotion with low latency and jerkiness.

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Umeda, Kenichi, Chihiro Okamoto, Masahiro Shimizu, Shinji Watanabe, Toshio Ando und Noriyuki Kodera. „Architecture of zero-latency ultrafast amplitude detector for high-speed atomic force microscopy“. Applied Physics Letters 119, Nr. 18 (01.11.2021): 181602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0067224.

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Shin, Kyubo, Seokwoo Choi und Hyoil Kim. „Flit Scheduling for Cut-Through Switching: Towards Near-Zero End-to-End Latency“. IEEE Access 7 (2019): 66369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916651.

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Khan, Urooj Yousuf, Tariq Rahim Soomro und Zheng Kougen. „FedFog - A federated learning based resource management framework in fog computing for zero touch networks“. Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 42, Nr. 3 (21.07.2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2303.08.

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Fog computing offers an optimal answer to the expansion challenge of today’s networks. It boasts scaling and reduced latency. Since the concept is still nascent, many research questions remain unanswered. One of these is the challenge of Resource Management. There is a pressing need for a reliable and scalable architecture that meets the Resource Management challenge without compromising the Quality of Service. Among the proposed solutions, Artificial Intelligence based path selection techniques and automated link detection methods can provide lasting and reliable answer. An optimal approach for introducing intelligence in the networks is the infusion of Machine learning methods. Such futuristic, intelligent networks form the backbone of the next generation of Internet. These self-learning and self-healing networks are termed as the Zero-Touch networks. This paper proposes FedFog, a Federated Learning based optimal, automated Resource Management framework in Fog Computing for Zero-touch Networks. The paper describes a series of experiments focusing on Quality of Service parameters such as Network latency, Resources processed, Energy consumption and Network usage. The simulation results from these experiments depict superiority of the proposed architecture over traditional, existing architecture.

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Aenugu, Sneha, und David E. Huber. „Asymmetric Weights and Retrieval Practice in an Autoassociative Neural Network Model of Paired-Associate Learning“. Neural Computation 33, Nr. 12 (12.11.2021): 3351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01444.

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Abstract Rizzuto and Kahana (2001) applied an autoassociative Hopfield network to a paired-associate word learning experiment in which (1) participants studied word pairs (e.g., ABSENCE-HOLLOW), (2) were tested in one direction (ABSENCE-?) on a first test, and (3) were tested in the same direction again or in the reverse direction (?-HOLLOW) on a second test. The model contained a correlation parameter to capture the dependence between forward versus backward learning between the two words of a word pair, revealing correlation values close to 1.0 for all participants, consistent with neural network models that use the same weight for communication in both directions between nodes. We addressed several limitations of the model simulations and proposed two new models incorporating retrieval practice learning (e.g., the effect of the first test on the second) that fit the accuracy data more effectively, revealing substantially lower correlation values (average of .45 across participants, with zero correlation for some participants). In addition, we analyzed recall latencies, finding that second test recall was faster in the same direction after a correct first test. Only a model with stochastic retrieval practice learning predicted this effect. In conclusion, recall accuracy and recall latency suggest asymmetric learning, particularly in light of retrieval practice effects.

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Meng, Min, und Jun Yu. „Zero-Shot Learning via Robust Latent Representation and Manifold Regularization“. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 28, Nr. 4 (April 2019): 1824–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2018.2881926.

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Fox, Jean-Paul. „Multivariate zero-inflated modeling with latent predictors: Modeling feedback behavior“. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 68 (Dezember 2013): 361–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2013.07.003.

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Irvine, Kathryn M., T. J. Rodhouse und Ilai N. Keren. „Extending Ordinal Regression with a Latent Zero-Augmented Beta Distribution“. Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics 21, Nr. 4 (12.09.2016): 619–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13253-016-0265-2.

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Morozova, O. I., und O. S. Zeniakin. „DEGREES OF LATENCY OF ECOLOGICAL DISCOURSE AGENT (A CASE STUDY OF BRITISH ONLINE NEWSPAPERS)“. Opera in linguistica ukrainiana, Nr. 28 (28.09.2021): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2414-0627.2021.28.235560.

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This article proposes a study of degrees of latency of the agent, which is a semantic role performed by a participant of the communicative situation described in a sentence; this role correlates with the instigator of the action. The agent can be expressed explicitly, so that everybody understands who the action is performed by, or in a hidden, latent way. Drawing on Goatly’s (2018) research which demonstrates that degrees of agent’s latency can vary, we modify his scale of latency by taking into consideration non-verbal (visual) means. A great societal concern for environmental issues around the globe nowadays, together with the ecolinguistic vector of this research account for its timeliness. The purpose of this research is to identify the degrees of latency of the agent of environmental discourse. Syntactic constructions, lexical units, and visual images that render the agent were chosen as the object-matter of analysis, while the degrees of latency – as its subject-matter. The methods comprise general scientific methods, such as induction and deduction, synthesis and analysis, observation and contrast, as well as linguistic methods proper: critical discourse analysis, semantic analysis, and multimodal analysis. The sample is selected from online versions of most widely read British newspapers, both broadsheets and tabloids, The Guardian and Metro respectively. A modified scale of degrees of agent’s latency is suggested, where six categories of linguistic means are differentiated according to the degree of their latency. Explicit predication is characterized by a zero degree of latency; its measure increases in grammatical constructions, tropes, nominalizations, ellipsis, and indefinite agent respectively. The prospects of this research lie in comparison and quantitative counts of the agent’s latency in different types of British media.

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Saad-Roy, Chadi M., Bryan T. Grenfell, Simon A. Levin, P. van den Driessche und Ned S. Wingreen. „Evolution of an asymptomatic first stage of infection in a heterogeneous population“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18, Nr. 179 (Juni 2021): 20210175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2021.0175.

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Pathogens evolve different life-history strategies, which depend in part on differences in their host populations. A central feature of hosts is their population structure (e.g. spatial). Additionally, hosts themselves can exhibit different degrees of symptoms when newly infected; this latency is a key life-history property of pathogens. With an evolutionary-epidemiological model, we examine the role of population structure on the evolutionary dynamics of latency. We focus on specific power-law-like formulations for transmission and progression from the first infectious stage as a function of latency, assuming that the across-group to within-group transmission ratio increases if hosts are less symptomatic. We find that simple population heterogeneity can lead to local evolutionarily stable strategies (ESSs) at zero and infinite latency in situations where a unique ESS exists in the corresponding homogeneous case. Furthermore, there can exist more than one interior evolutionarily singular strategy. We find that this diversity of outcomes is due to the (possibly slight) advantage of across-group transmission for pathogens that produce fewer symptoms in a first infectious stage. Thus, our work reveals that allowing individuals without symptoms to travel can have important unintended evolutionary effects and is thus fundamentally problematic in view of the evolutionary dynamics of latency.

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Zhou, Xinbing, Peng Hao und Dake Liu. „PCCNoC: Packet Connected Circuit as Network on Chip for High Throughput and Low Latency SoCs“. Micromachines 14, Nr. 3 (21.02.2023): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14030501.

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Hundreds of processor cores or modules are integrated into a single chip. The traditional bus or crossbar is challenged by bandwidth, scalability, and silicon area, and cannot meet the requirements of high end applications. Network-on-chip (NoC) has become a very promising interconnection structure because of its good scalability, predictable interconnect length and delay, high bandwidth, and reusability. However, the most available packet routing NoC may not be the perfect solution for high-end heterogeneous multi-core real-time systems-on-chip (SoC) because of the excessive latency and cache cost overhead. Moreover, circuit switching is limited by the scale, connectivity flexibility, and excessive overhead of fully connected systems. To solve the above problems and to meet the need for low latency, high throughput, and flexibility, this paper proposes PCCNoC (Packet Connected Circuit NoC), a low-latency and low-overhead NoC based on both packet switching (setting-up circuit) and circuit switching (data transmission on circuit), which offers flexible routing and zero overhead of data transmission latency, making it suitable for high-end heterogeneous multi-core real-time SoC at various system scales. Compared with typically available packet switched NoC, our PCCoC sees 242% improved performance and 97% latency reduction while keeping the silicon cost relatively low.

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Cremasco, Marco Aurelio, und Braga Pina Nazareno. „Análise termogravimétrica do óleo essencial de pimenta longa (Piper hispidinervium C. DC)“. Acta Amazonica 41, Nr. 2 (2011): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0044-59672011000200012.

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A pimenta longa (Piper hispidinervium C. DC.) é um arbusto originário da região amazônica, cujo óleo essencial é rico em safrol. O óleo essencial da pimenta longa é comercializado in natura, o que faz o processamento para a obtenção do safrol elemento fundamental de investigação científica e tecnológica. Uma importante etapa para a obtenção do safrol é a definição da estratégia da sua separação do óleo essencial a partir, por exemplo, da destilação. Neste caso, torna-se essencial o conhecimento de parâmetros termodinâmicos, tais como energia de ativação e calor latente de vaporização. Neste trabalho é utilizada a técnica termogravimétrica para a obtenção dos valores da energia de ativação e calor latente de vaporização do óleo essencial de P. hispidinervium. O processo de evaporação do óleo essencial obedece à cinética de ordem zero, resultando para a energia de ativação e calor latente de vaporização os valores 42,11 kJ.mol-1 e 43,73 kJ.mol-1, respectivamente.

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Busettini, C., E. J. Fitzgibbon und F. A. Miles. „Short-Latency Disparity Vergence in Humans“. Journal of Neurophysiology 85, Nr. 3 (01.03.2001): 1129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.85.3.1129.

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Eye movement recordings from humans indicated that brief exposures (200 ms) to horizontal disparity steps applied to large random-dot patterns elicit horizontal vergence at short latencies (80.9 ± 3.9 ms, mean ± SD; n = 7). Disparity tuning curves, describing the dependence of the initial vergence responses (measured over the period 90–157 ms after the step) on the magnitude of the steps, resembled the derivative of a Gaussian, with nonzero asymptotes and a roughly linear servo region that extended only a degree or two on either side of zero disparity. Responses showed transient postsaccadic enhancement: disparity steps applied in the immediate wake of saccadic eye movements yielded higher vergence accelerations than did the same steps applied some time later (mean time constant of the decay, 200 ms). This enhancement seemed to be dependent, at least in part, on the visual reafference associated with the prior saccade because similar enhancement was observed when the disparity steps were applied in the wake of saccadelike shifts of the textured pattern. Vertical vergence responses to vertical disparity steps were qualitatively similar: latencies were longer (on average, by 3 ms), disparity tuning curves had the same general form but were narrower (by ≈20%), and their peak-to-peak amplitudes were smaller (by ≈70%). Initial vergence responses usually had directional errors (orthogonal components) with a very systematic dependence on step size that often approximated an exponential decay to a nonzero asymptote (mean space constant ± SD, 1.18 ± 0.66°). Based on the asymptotes of these orthogonal responses, horizontal errors (with vertical steps) were on average more than three times greater than vertical errors (with horizontal steps). Disparity steps >7° generated “default” responses that were independent of the direction of the step, idiosyncratic, and generally had both horizontal and vertical components. We suggest that the responses depend on detectors that sense local disparity matches, and that orthogonal and “default” responses result from globally “false” matches. Recordings from three monkeys, using identical disparity stimuli, confirmed that monkeys also show short-latency disparity vergence responses (latency ≈25 ms shorter than that of humans), and further indicated that these responses show all of the major features seen in humans, the differences between the two species being solely quantitative. Based on these data and those of others implying that foveal images normally take precedence, we suggest that the mechanisms under study here ordinarily serve to correct small vergence errors, automatically, especially after saccades.

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Nguyen, Tho Manh, Peter Brezany, A. Min Tjoa und Edgar Weippl. „Toward a Grid-Based Zero-Latency Data Warehousing Implementation for Continuous Data Streams Processing“. International Journal of Data Warehousing and Mining 1, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2005): 22–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdwm.2005100102.

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Lencse, Gábor, Ákos Kovács und Keiichi Shima. „Gaming with the Throughput and the Latency Benchmarking Measurement Procedures of RFC 2544“. International Journal of Advances in Telecommunications, Electrotechnics, Signals and Systems 9, Nr. 2 (10.06.2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11601/ijates.v9i2.288.

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In this paper, we investigate three potential issues of the benchmarking measurement procedures defined in RFC 2544 and also used in RFC 5180 and RFC 8219. One of them is the lack of proper timeout usage. We use a Linux box, which can selectively delay a specified ratio of the packets. Using carefully selected parameters based on our preliminary measurements, we demonstrate that the experienced speed of the HTTP download is much less, than what could have been expected on the basis of the throughput results of the RFC 2544 tests. The other critical issue is the strict, absolutely zero loss criterion. We use a Linux box, which drops a specified small ratio of the packets. Whereas the RFC 2544 throughput results tend to be zero, the experienced speed of the HTTP download is quite good. The third problem is the lack of requirement for statistically relevant number of tests in the RFC 2544 benchmarking procedures. We demonstrate its severity with the latency benchmarking procedure defined in RFC 2544 and kept unchanged in RFC 5180 but redefined in RFC 8219.

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Lin, Kaiyi, Xing Xu, Lianli Gao, Zheng Wang und Heng Tao Shen. „Learning Cross-Aligned Latent Embeddings for Zero-Shot Cross-Modal Retrieval“. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, Nr. 07 (03.04.2020): 11515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6817.

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Zero-Shot Cross-Modal Retrieval (ZS-CMR) is an emerging research hotspot that aims to retrieve data of new classes across different modality data. It is challenging for not only the heterogeneous distributions across different modalities, but also the inconsistent semantics across seen and unseen classes. A handful of recently proposed methods typically borrow the idea from zero-shot learning, i.e., exploiting word embeddings of class labels (i.e., class-embeddings) as common semantic space, and using generative adversarial network (GAN) to capture the underlying multimodal data structures, as well as strengthen relations between input data and semantic space to generalize across seen and unseen classes. In this paper, we propose a novel method termed Learning Cross-Aligned Latent Embeddings (LCALE) as an alternative to these GAN based methods for ZS-CMR. Unlike using the class-embeddings as the semantic space, our method seeks for a shared low-dimensional latent space of input multimodal features and class-embeddings by modality-specific variational autoencoders. Notably, we align the distributions learned from multimodal input features and from class-embeddings to construct latent embeddings that contain the essential cross-modal correlation associated with unseen classes. Effective cross-reconstruction and cross-alignment criterions are further developed to preserve class-discriminative information in latent space, which benefits the efficiency for retrieval and enable the knowledge transfer to unseen classes. We evaluate our model using four benchmark datasets on image-text retrieval tasks and one large-scale dataset on image-sketch retrieval tasks. The experimental results show that our method establishes the new state-of-the-art performance for both tasks on all datasets.

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Tian, Guiyu, YiZheng Tao und Yang Xie. „Latent Fine-grained Features embedding model for Unsupervised Zero-shot Learning“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2010, Nr. 1 (01.09.2021): 012116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2010/1/012116.

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Jarny, Y., und D. Delaunay. „NUMERICAL RESOLUTION OF A PHASE CHANGE PROBLEM WITH ZERO LATENT HEAT“. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B: Fundamentals 16, Nr. 1 (Januar 1990): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10407798908944931.

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Qin, Jie, Yunhong Wang, Li Liu, Jiaxin Chen und Ling Shao. „Beyond Semantic Attributes: Discrete Latent Attributes Learning for Zero-Shot Recognition“. IEEE Signal Processing Letters 23, Nr. 11 (November 2016): 1667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2016.2612247.

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