Thematische Bibliographien / Za'atari

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Za'atari“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Za'atari"

Clair, Kimberly. „Art-Making as Social Justice in Za'atari and Calais“. Peace Review 29, Nr. 1 (02.01.2017): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2017.1272301.

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Riach, George, und Zoe James. „Strengthening the rule of law on the margins: experiences from Za'atari refugee camp, Jordan“. International Journal of Human Rights 20, Nr. 4 (11.01.2016): 549–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2015.1128144.

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Yaseen, Saad G., und Khaled Saleh Al Omoush. „Mobile Crowdsourcing Technology Acceptance and Engagement in Crisis Management“. International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 16, Nr. 3 (Juli 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2020070101.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of the intention for the continuous acceptance and use of mobile crowdsourcing to participate in refugee crisis management. A questionnaire was developed to collect data from 389 Syrian refugees in Jordan's Za'atari camp. Smart PLS was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that the individual and crowd performance expectancy, the social influence, and perceived risks on the individual and crowd levels have a significant influence on the intention for the continuous acceptance and engagement in mobile crowdsourcing to participate in refugee crisis management. In addition, the results revealed that cultural values of masculinity, power distance, and long-term orientation have no effect on the intention. At the same time, cultural values of collectivism and uncertainty avoidance have a significant effect.

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Blank, Felix. „A spatial queuing model for the location decision of emergency medical vehicles for pandemic outbreaks: the case of Za'atari refugee camp“. Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management 11, Nr. 2 (21.01.2021): 296–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhlscm-07-2020-0058.

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PurposeRefugee camps can be severely struck by pandemics, like potential COVID-19 outbreaks, due to high population densities and often only base-level medical infrastructure. Fast responding medical systems can help to avoid spikes in infections and death rates as they allow the prompt isolation and treatment of patients. At the same time, the normal demand for emergency medical services has to be dealt with as well. The overall goal of this study is the design of an emergency service system that is appropriate for both types of demand.Design/methodology/approachA spatial hypercube queuing model (HQM) is developed that uses queuing-theory methods to determine locations for emergency medical vehicles (also called servers). Therefore, a general optimization approach is applied, and subsequently, virus outbreaks at various locations of the study areas are simulated to analyze and evaluate the solution proposed. The derived performance metrics offer insights into the behavior of the proposed emergency service system during pandemic outbreaks. The Za'atari refugee camp in Jordan is used as a case study.FindingsThe derived locations of the emergency medical system (EMS) can handle all non-virus-related emergency demands. If additional demand due to virus outbreaks is considered, the system becomes largely congested. The HQM shows that the actual congestion is highly dependent on the overall amount of outbreaks and the corresponding case numbers per outbreak. Multiple outbreaks are much harder to handle even if their cumulative average case number is lower than for one singular outbreak. Additional servers can mitigate the described effects and lead to enhanced resilience in the case of virus outbreaks and better values in all considered performance metrics.Research limitations/implicationsSome parameters that were assumed for simplification purposes as well as the overall model should be verified in future studies with the relevant designers of EMSs in refugee camps. Moreover, from a practitioners perspective, the application of the model requires, at least some, training and knowledge in the overall field of optimization and queuing theory.Practical implicationsThe model can be applied to different data sets, e.g. refugee camps or temporary shelters. The optimization model, as well as the subsequent simulation, can be used collectively or independently. It can support decision-makers in the general location decision as well as for the simulation of stress-tests, like virus outbreaks in the camp area.Originality/valueThe study addresses the research gap in an optimization-based design of emergency service systems for refugee camps. The queuing theory-based approach allows the calculation of precise (expected) performance metrics for both the optimization process and the subsequent analysis of the system. Applied to pandemic outbreaks, it allows for the simulation of the behavior of the system during stress-tests and adds a further tool for designing resilient emergency service systems.

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Al-Addous, Mohammad, Motasem N. Saidan, Mathhar Bdour und Mohammad Alnaief. „Evaluation of Biogas Production from the Co-Digestion of Municipal Food Waste and Wastewater Sludge at Refugee Camps Using an Automated Methane Potential Test System“. Energies 12, Nr. 1 (22.12.2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010032.

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The potential benefits of the application of a circular economy—converting biomass at Za'atari Syrian refugee camps into energy—was investigated in this study. Representative organic waste and sludge samples were collected from the camp, mixed in different ratios, and analyzed in triplicate for potential biogas yield. Numerous calorific tests were also carried out. The tangential benefit of the co-digestion that was noticed was that it lowered the value of the total solid content in the mixture to the recommended values for wet digestion without the need for freshwater. To test the potential methane production, the automated methane potential test system (AMPTS) and the graduated tubes in the temperature-controlled climate room GB21 were utilized. Also, calorific values were determined for the organic waste and sludge on both a dry and a wet basis. The maximum biogas production from 100% organic waste and 100% sludge using AMPTS was 153 m3 ton-1 and 5.6 m3 ton-1, respectively. Methane yield reached its maximum at a Vs sub/ Vs inoculum range of 0.25–0.3. In contrast, the methane yield decreased when the Vs sub/ Vs inoculum exceeded 0.46. The optimum ratio of mixing of municipal food waste to sludge must be carefully selected to satisfy the demands of an energy production pilot plant and avoid the environmental issues associated with the sludge amount at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). A possible ratio to start with is 60–80% organic waste, which can produce 21–65 m3· biogas ton-1 fresh matter (FM). The co-digestion of organic waste and sludge can generate 38 Nm3/day of methane, which, in theory, can generate about 4 MW in remote refugee camps.

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Woolley, Helen. „Beyond the Fence: Constructed and Found spaces for children's outdoor play in natural and human-induced disaster contexts – Lessons from north-east Japan, and Za'atari refugee camp in Jordan“. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 56 (April 2021): 102155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102155.

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DAOUK, RASHA K., SHAWKY M. DAGHER und ELSA J. SATTOUT. „Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil of Origanum syriacum L.“ Journal of Food Protection 58, Nr. 10 (01.10.1995): 1147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-58.10.1147.

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The volatile oil of the Lebanese Za'atar (Origanum syriacum L.) was characterized for its thymol and carvacrol content using gas-liquid chromatography. These two compounds constituted the major components of the oil and were present in equal proportions of 30% in the volatile oil extracted from the leaves and shoot tips of the Origanum plant during the preflowering stage. The percentage of carvacrol in the essential oil increased to 62% after flowering and maturation, while the concentration of thymol decreased to 14%. Origanum oil extracted from plants collected during midseason was evaluated for its antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Penicillium species. The oil exhibited strong inhibitory action against the three fungi tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the oil was found to be 0.1 μl/ml of yeast extract sucrose broth for the fungi tested.

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Pasha, Suraina. „Humanitarianism, securitization, and containment in Jordan's Za'atari Refugee Camp“. British Journal of Sociology, 04.04.2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12827.

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Abushaikha, Ismail, Zhaohui Wu und Theodore A. Khoury. „Towards a theory of informal supply networks: An exploratory case study of the Za'atari refugee camp“. Journal of Operations Management, 08.06.2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joom.1151.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Za'atari"

Mrayan, Suhair A. „Female refugees' resilience and coping mechanisms at the Za'atari Camp- Jordan“. Thesis, Arkansas State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10240845.

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This study explored female refugees’ perceptions and life experiences at the Za’atari Camp in Jordan. While the study explored challenges and difficulties refugee women have endured while living in the camp, emphasis was placed on how they faced these challenges, coping mechanisms used for overcoming and enduring such circumstances, and what new life roles they had to assume. Utilizing Schweitzer, Greenslade, and Kagee’s (2007) model, this study explored, through qualitative phenomenological methods, the tenacity, resilience, and strength that empowered refugee women throughout their experiences in the camp. In-depth interviews were the main method of data collection. Forty-three face-to-face interviews were conducted on camp premises during the summer of 2015. The data was analyzed according to the Interpretive Phenomenological Analytic (IPA) guidelines.

The findings of this study revealed the female refugees of the Za’atari Camp were not passive in dealing with their adversities. They showed resilience, tenacity, and resourcefulness when coping with life in the settlement. Their resilience is seen through their determination to provide for their families and normalize their lives inside the camp. Additionally, female refugees employed different coping mechanisms for maintaining their psychological well-being such as religiosity, seeking social support and networking, and self-empowerment.

The findings also indicated children’s education in the camp continues to be an area of concern for a majority of refugees despite their understanding of the importance of education for their children’s survival. Due to the widespread notion the camp’s education was not accredited in Syria, and their beliefs of the temporariness of their encampment, children were left to their own accord in deciding whether to attend school or not.

The results of this study challenged the “Dependency Syndrome” myth which postulate refugees tend to become dependent on humanitarian aid and unable to fend for themselves. On the contrary, many become strong, independent and assertive. In the end, they came to see themselves differently which brought a new level of understanding of themselves and their abilities.

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Aburamadan, R. F. „Developing user-informed specifications for refugees shelter in hot-dry climates : a study of the Al Za'atari Camp in Jordan“. Thesis, University of Salford, 2017. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/42606/.

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The increase in refugee numbers is an important concern globally. Since the mid-twentieth century, many countries in different regions have been accommodating refugees by providing shelters. Recently, this response has been evident particularly in Lebanon, Turkey, Iraq, and Jordan, where these countries have faced political and economic obstacles whilst accommodating such large increases in refugees caused by the unstable political situation in the region. Despite the abundance of examples of temporary shelters that various countries offer, previous studies have not shown adequate solutions for social and cultural diversity, as well as building and dismantling an appropriate shelter that is suitable for several environment conditions and particularly in hot-dry climates. There is an absence of studies that discuss refugees’ settlements as a global interest. Furthermore, there are very few examples in the literature that discuss shelters suited to hot-dry conditions, whether provided by government or other international institutions. Existing shelters that the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and other institutions and donors provide do not satisfy refugees’ needs; specifically, suitable design factors and urban organization aspects. The main aim of this study is to develop the specifications for refugee shelters that meet user requirements in hot-dry climates. The design science method provides a theoretical framework to develop a specification that incorporates the design, structural aspects, layout, and to address the particular social and cultural challenges that are presented in refugee camps in hot-dry climates. The research develops specifications, in terms of shelter performance, and contemplates environment challenges and local context conditions besides adding value through a specifications list which incorporates differences of social and cultural aspects, which are not currently provided in humanitarian organizations’ specifications and guidelines. The result of the specification list gives an opportunity to illustrate infinite alternatives of shelter design which consider not only the users’ needs, but also the local context conditions of being located in the hot-dry climate of Jordan. These designs may also be applicable in other environments with similar climatic conditions. In so doing, the findings presented in the research help form a provisional view of peoples’ needs that can be acted on by humanitarian organizations, which could lead to better standardized shelter solutions.

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Bousquet, Beatriz. „Speechless emissaries or powerful leaders? : A four-dimensional power analysis of the refugee mobilizations in Jordan’s Za’atari camp“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447206.

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Refugee camps have long been considered places of extreme population control. Yet the Za’atari camp, created in Jordan in 2012, soon became famous for frequent refugee demonstrations, sit-ins and stone-throwing. This important capacity for mobilization has been linked to the informal leadership network of ‘street leaders’ that emerged a few months after the camps’ creation (Clarke, 2018). This network challenges the representations of refugees as voiceless victims, and questions the ability of aid organizations to foster community empowerment. It also highlights the power implications of regular organizational practices in refugee camps, and showing how NGOs affect their beneficiaries, it is relevant to the discussion of downward accountability. Thus, studying Za’atari’s power dynamics is crucial to identify conditions of refugee empowerment and improve downward accountability frameworks. In this thesis, this analysis of power dynamics is undertaken with the four-dimensional framework developed by Lukes (1974) and following scholars, which has never been used on refugee camps. The first dimension has to do with individual capacity to influence other’s choices, the second with the limits brought by institutional practices, the third with the meanings assigned to behaviors and the fourth with the socialization processes that teach self-discipline. The thesis studies how a four-dimensional analysis of Za’ataricamp can capture both the extent of camp authorities’ control on residents and the refugees’ capacity to empower themselves. Through the analysis of organizational, journalistic and academic literature, it identifies dimensions of power exercised by and on the camp’s actors at two moments: the street leaders’ rise, and the difficulties of a governance plan implemented to reestablish control. The thesis shows that street leaders were allowed to emerge due to limits in the camp governance’s first dimension and inability to use the second and third dimension, which street leaders, as part of thecommunity, could yield. Moreover, the governance’s plan to restore control encountered difficulties because it was founded on a restrictive one-dimensional view of power linked to the perception of street leaders as mafia-like bosses, refugees as helpless victims and camps as places of containment and order, limiting the authorities’ third dimension. By identifying new factors that were not present in other studies of Za’atari, the findings demonstrate the relevance of the framework to render the complexity of humanitarian settings and encourages its use on other cases. It also reminds the need for aid professionals to work with their beneficiaries’ agency to provide quality services.

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Bücher zum Thema "Za'atari"

Malouf, Greg. Artichoke to za'atar: Modern Middle Eastern food. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2008.

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Malouf, Greg. Artichoke to za'atar: Modern Middle Eastern food. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2008.

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Artichoke to Za'atar: Modern Middle Eastern Food. University of California Press, 2008.

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Olives, Lemons & Za'atar: The Best Middle Eastern Home Cooking. Kyle Books, 2014.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Za'atari"

Fisher, Karen E., Reem Talhouk, Katya Yefimova, Dalya Al-Shahrabi, Eiad Yafi, Sam Ewald und Rob Comber. „Za'atari Refugee Cookbook“. In CHI '17: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3027063.3053235.

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Fisher, Karen E., und Eiad Yafi. „Syrian Youth in Za'atari Refugee Camp as ICT Wayfarers“. In COMPASS '18: ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3209811.3209873.

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Tomaszewski, Brian, Nijad Al-Najdawi, Jean-Laurent Martin, Sara Tedmori, Irene Omondi und Yusef Hamad. „Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Za'atari refugee camp, Jordan for refugee community information management and mobilization: The RefuGIS project“. In 2017 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2017.8239276.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Za'atari"

Moodley, Soman. Trash Talk: Turning waste into work in Jordan's Za'atari refugee camp. Oxfam, August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2017.0384.

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Lombardini, Simone, und Franziska Mager. Livelihoods in the Za'atari Camp: Impact evaluation of Oxfam’s Cash for Work activities in the Za’atari camp (Jordan). Http://hdl.handle.net/10546/620883, Oktober 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2019.5167.

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Almasri, Shaddin. A Matter of Cash and Resilience: Lessons from a review of Oxfam's incentive-based volunteering programmes in Za'atari camp. Oxfam, Juli 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.7727.

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With limited job opportunities available to Syrian refugees living in Za’atari camp in Jordan, incentive-based volunteering (IBV) programmes remain one of the main sources of income for thousands of camp residents. A previous Effectiveness Review conducted by Oxfam on household income in Za’atari camp found that those engaged in IBV activities reported a 28% increase in their wealth between 2014 and 2018, as opposed to a 4% decline for those who were not engaged. Although IBV programmes are not a substitute for sustainable job opportunities, they play a vital role in injecting cash into the camp’s economy and improving the living conditions of Syrian refugees, and even more so during the lockdown due to COVID-19.

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