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Ayllón, Sara, und Natalia N. Ferreira-Batista. „Unemployment, drugs and attitudes among European youth“. Journal of Health Economics 57 (Januar 2018): 236–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2017.08.005.
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Beauvais. „Attitudes About Drugs and the Drug Use of Indian Youth“. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research 5, Nr. 1 (1992): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5820/aian.0501.1992.38.
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Hill, Julie C., Julia A. Graber, Esther Jean-Baptiste und Kelly J. Johnson. „Factors Associated With Attitude-Behavior Conflicts Among Sexually Experienced, Rural, Early Adolescents“. Journal of Early Adolescence 39, Nr. 1 (27.08.2017): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431617725194.
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Adolescents’ attitudes predict sexual behavior; therefore, attitudes are targeted in sexually transmitted infection (STI) and pregnancy prevention programs. However, attitudes and behaviors do not always align. Young adolescents who have had penile vaginal intercourse (PVI) and have attitudes supportive of PVI have two risk factors for future health risks while those with attitudes in conflict with PVI experience (i.e., attitudes not supportive of PVI) only have one risk factor, that is, early sexual debut. Rural sixth- to eighth-grade students in southern, central Florida who had PVI experience ( N = 162) completed surveys about their sexual history, substance use, PVI refusal skills, and PVI attitudes. Logistic regressions found that longer time since PVI, never trying other drugs, and better PVI refusal skills predicted higher odds of attitude-behavior conflict; thus, youth with attitude-behavior conflicts have fewer predictors of sexual health risk than those without attitude-behaviors conflicts. Those without attitude-behaviors conflicts likely need more focused and intensive interventions.
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Nakhimova, Y. N., und G. F. Romashkina. „SOCIAL ATTITUDES TO DRUGS ABUSE AMONG YOUTH AND DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION“. Education and science journal 19, Nr. 6 (01.01.2017): 138–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2017-6-138-160.
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Lindström, Peter, und Robert Svensson. „Demand for and Supply of Drugs among School Youth. An Evaluation of the Swedish Dare Program“. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 15, Nr. 1 (Februar 1998): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507259801500108.
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Illicit drug use among high school students is on the rise in Sweden as well as in other countries. This fact has put high demand on the police, who are not only expected to reduce the availability of drugs but also to take part in the effort to affect the students' demand for drugs. The aim of this study was to analyze what impact students' demand for and perceived availability of illicit drugs in the seventh grade have on their attitudes towards and experience with drugs in the eigth grade. Moreover, the purpose was to investigate to what extent a specific police-led school-based drug prevention program, the project DARE (Drug Abuse Resistance Education), affects students' attitudes and experiences regarding drugs. As a part in an ongoing evaluation of the Swedish DARE program (called VÅGA) about 1 800 students in 22 Swedish junior high schools on three occasions anonymously answered questions about their attitudes towards and experiences with drugs. Contextual analysis was used to estimate the significance of various student-level risk-factors (such as family bonding, school involvement, and peer activity) and school aggregated contextual factors. The results show that students' curiosity and perceived availability of illicit drugs at the school-level have statistically significant effects on drug-related attitudes and experiences at the individual-student level. The attitudes towards and experiences with drugs in the eigth grade of students who participated in the DARE program in the seventh grade were not different from those of students who did not participate in the program. A brief discussion of what measures the police should conduct in order to block the availability of drugs and what their role in schools should be are finally presented.
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Kuhns, Joseph B. „The Dynamic Nature of the Drug Use/Serious Violence Relationship: A Multi-Causal Approach“. Violence and Victims 20, Nr. 4 (August 2005): 433–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.20.4.433.
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Relying on historical research, a longitudinal data set, and multivariate analyses, the drug-violence relationship is scrutinized. A proposed model is tested and supported, indicating that attitudes toward violence, gender, neighborhood problems, minor delinquency, and victimization were persistent correlates that must be considered within the drug-violence relationship. Parental attachment and importance, exposure to delinquent peers, and drug dealing were also important. Both licit and illicit drug use were significant within the models, although the relationship changed from year to year. In year 1, youth who used drugs reported more violence. In year 2, youth who were not using drugs reported more violence. Association with delinquent peers and initial involvement in drug dealing were likely explanations for this transition. Findings offer support for prevention efforts that disrupt drug markets and target male youth who are involved in crime and drugs, repeated1y victimized, associating with delinquent peers, and developing attitudes favorable toward the use of violence.
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Lancaster, Kari, Caitlin Elizabeth Hughes und Bridget Spicer. „News Media Consumption among Young Australians: Patterns of Use and Attitudes towards Media Reporting“. Media International Australia 143, Nr. 1 (Mai 2012): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1214300104.
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Research suggests youth make active choices about how they use and respond to media. Yet publicly available information outlining patterns of youth media consumption and how content is perceived – especially in relation to reporting of issues of pertinence to youth – is limited. Using an online survey of 2296 Australians aged 16–24, we measured news media consumption and perceptions of reporting on illicit drugs. The study concluded that Australian youth are not ‘deserting’ news media; indeed, they have regular contact with news media. However, youth regard mainstream news as lacking credibility.
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Aji, Haivan Kusuma, und Agung Hadi Pramono. „ATTITUDE OF YOUTH ABOUT HIV / AIDS PREVENTION AT SMA 4 KOTA BATAM“. Zona Kedokteran: Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Batam 10, Nr. 3 (13.04.2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37776/zked.v10i3.517.
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Background : According to the World Health Organization (WHO) HIV continues to be a public health problem globally, having claimed more than 35 million lives so far. In Indonesia since the beginning of the HIV-AIDS epidemic, nearly 78 million people have been infected with HIV and around 39 million people have died due to HIV. Adolescence is easily carried over to bad things such as smoking, having sex, drugs, or free sex and low levels of it. reproductive health knowledge including HIV / AIDS. The purpose of this study was to determine adolescent attitudes about HIV / AIDS prevention. Method : This study used a descriptive research design. The length of the study was 6 months with a population of all class X and XI students of SMA N 4 Batam as many as 353 students, the sampling was systematic random sampling with a sample size of 77 respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Result : Research results Adolescents have a positive attitude as many as 50 respondents (64.9%) and 27 respondents (35.1%) have a negative attitude. Conclusion : The conclusion is that more than half of the respondents are positive. Suggestions for the school it is suggested to be able to collaborate with the BKKBN or puskesmas to establish reproductive health services for adolescents in schools, especially on how to prevent HIV / AIDS so that early students have good attitudes and behavior towards HIV / AIDS.
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Kilibarda, Biljana, Ivica Mladenovic und Jelena Gudelj-Rakic. „Attitudes on alcohol and drinking patterns among youth in Serbia“. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 141, Nr. 1-2 (2013): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1302066k.
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Introduction. Alcohol is most abused psychoactive substance among youth. Analyzing attitudes on alcohol, patterns and consequences we are getting inputs important for implementing evidence based preventive measures. Objective. The aim of this study was to analyze drinking patterns and expectations and alcohol risk perception by gender and region and determine correlation between attitudes and one year prevalence of drinking. Methods. The study used data from the European School Survey on Alcohol and Other Drugs, which was then conducted in 2008 in Serbia on a sample of 6,553 students aged 16 years. For data analysis descriptive and analytical statistic were used. Results. The results show that nine out of ten students have had at least one alcoholic beverage during life and 5% have at least one alcohol beverage on more than 20 occasions during the last month. Students in Serbia have mainly positive expectations from alcohol, and the strongest potential drinking predictors in the previous year are expectation of having fun and the wish to feel relaxed. According to the participants, drinking 4-5 drinks on weekends (34.6%) is less risky than trying cannabis (52.0%). Boys have experienced problems caused by alcohol drinking more often than girls, while students from Vojvodina have performed badly in school in higher percentage than students from Belgrade and Central Serbia. Conclusion. In Serbia, girls drink less and perceive drinking as more risky in comparison to boys, while 16-year-old students from Vojvodina have more positive expectations but also more prominent problems caused by alcohol drinking. Additional education of the young on alcohol risk is recommended.
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Rigi, Jakob. „The Conditions of Post-Soviet Dispossessed Youth and Work in Almaty, Kazakhstan“. Critique of Anthropology 23, Nr. 1 (März 2003): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x03023001811.
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In this article I describe and analyse the conditions of youth in post- Soviet Kazakhstan, their attitudes to work and their economic practices. The article argues that the post-Soviet changes, most importantly neo-liberal reforms and rise of consumerism, have transformed the conditions of youth, their attitudes to work and their patterns of work. First, the neo-liberal reforms and the abolition of the welfare state have dispossessed the majority of youth from the access to welfare, education and work of the Soviet era. This has created a huge social cleavage among already stratified youth. While the sons and daughters of the elite, immersed in conspicuous consumption, have monopolized places in universities and good jobs, the dispossessed youth live in dire poverty. Poverty, insecure family backgrounds, lack of good formal education and lack of necessary contacts marginalize dispossessed youth in the labour market. The economic niche available to them consists of menial jobs in the informal sector. In spite of their poverty, the dispossessed youth have a consumerist mentality. This has created a tension between youth and parents among the dispossessed. While parents ask young people to get more involved in available strategies of survival, the latter, seeing a gloomy future, immerse themselves in the present through sex and drugs. Moreover, in order to survive and have minimum access to the consumerist goods and services, young people get involved in deviant strategies: males get involved in theft, drug dealing and small-scale racketeering and females in prostitution. This subjects them to enormous violence in prisons, streets and places of entertainment. The conditions of the dispossessed youth are characteristic of the post-Soviet changes. While a tiny elite and their foreign partners plunder resources, the dispossessed majority are struck by despair and poverty.
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Adams, Dimity, Nadine McKillop, Stephen Smallbone und Andrew McGrath. „Developmental and Sexual Offense Onset Characteristics of Australian Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Male Youth Who Sexually Offend“. Sexual Abuse 32, Nr. 8 (31.08.2019): 958–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063219871575.
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The present study sought to address gaps in knowledge concerning Australian Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth who commit sexual offenses. Developmental histories and onset sexual offense characteristics of Indigenous ( n = 81) and non-Indigenous ( n = 130) adjudicated male youth were compared. Results indicate that, in addition to problems affecting both groups, Indigenous youth in this sample were disproportionately exposed to systemic vulnerabilities (e.g., familial antisocial attitudes and incarceration, engagement with antisocial peers, poor school engagement and voluntary school dropout, low socioeconomic status) associated with onset of sexual offending. Differences in the circumstances and context surrounding the onset sexual offense (e.g., use of drugs/alcohol, relationship to person harmed, co-offending, age of person harmed, location, threats/force) were also found. When these analyses were stratified by age of person harmed, these differences were retained only for offenses against children below 16 years. Together, these findings highlight the need for more contextualized primary-, secondary-, and tertiary-level prevention efforts to reduce youth sexual offending in Australia and elsewhere.
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Lindström, Peter, und Robert Svensson. „Attitudes towards drugs among school youths: An evaluation of the Swedish DARE programme“. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 15, Nr. 1_suppl (Februar 1998): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507259801501s01.
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Illicit drug use among high school students is on the rise in Sweden as well as in other countries. This fact has put high demand on the police, who are not only expected to reduce the availability of drugs but also to take part in the effort to affect the students' demand for drugs. The aim of this study was to analyse what impact students' demand for and perceived availability of illicit drugs in the seventh grade have on their attitudes towards and experience with drugs in the eighth grade. Moreover, the purpose was to investigate to what extent a specific police-led school-based drug prevention programme, the project DARE (Drug Abuse Resistance Education), affects students' attitudes and experiences regarding drugs. As a part in an ongoing evaluation of the Swedish DARE programme (called VÅGA) about 1,800 students in 22 Swedish junior high schools on three occasions anonymously answered questions about their attitudes towards and experiences with drugs. Contextual analysis was used to estimate the significance of various student-level risk-factors (such as family bonding, school involvement, and peer activity) and school aggregated contextual factors. The results show that students' curiosity and perceived availability of illicit drugs at the school-level have statistically significant effects on drug-related attitudes and experiences at the individual-student level. The attitudes towards and experiences with drugs in the eighth grade of students who participated in the DARE programme in the seventh grade were not different from those students who did not participate in the programme. A brief discussion of what measures the police should conduct in order to block the availability of drugs and what their role in schools should be are finally presented.
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Kalinichenko, Ya N. „Assessment of Factors of Nacotization of Youth Environment: on the Results of Annual Monitoring Drug Situation in the Krasnoyarsk Territory“. Sociology and Law, Nr. 4 (31.12.2020): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/2219-6242-2020-4-42-54.
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The article focuses on the assessment of factors of spreading narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances for non-medical purposes in the youth environment, identified on the basis of data obtained during the monitoring of the drug situation conducted annually in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. When analyzing the spread of narcotic drugs in the territory, the factors contributing to a change in the drug situation in the supply and demand for drugs are assessed; the importance of work on the formation of a negative attitude of young people to drugs is shown. Conclusions are presented regarding the most significant factors of drug addiction in the youth environment in modern conditions.
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Kalinichenko, Ya N. „Assessment of Factors of Nacotization of Youth Environment: on the Results of Annual Monitoring Drug Situation in the Krasnoyarsk Territory“. Sociology and Law, Nr. 4 (31.12.2020): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/2219-6242-2020-4-42-54.
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The article focuses on the assessment of factors of spreading narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances for non-medical purposes in the youth environment, identified on the basis of data obtained during the monitoring of the drug situation conducted annually in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. When analyzing the spread of narcotic drugs in the territory, the factors contributing to a change in the drug situation in the supply and demand for drugs are assessed; the importance of work on the formation of a negative attitude of young people to drugs is shown. Conclusions are presented regarding the most significant factors of drug addiction in the youth environment in modern conditions.
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Järvinen, Margaretha, und Jeanette Østergaard. „Dangers and pleasures: Drug attitudes and experiences among young people“. Acta Sociologica 54, Nr. 4 (29.11.2011): 333–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699311422018.
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This is a study of young people’s conceptions of illegal drug use as dangerous and/or pleasurable and an analysis of the relationship between attitudes to drugs, drinking, friends’ reported drug use and own experience with drug use and drinking. The article applies a mixed methods approach using both survey data and focus group interviews. The main statistical method is Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), which constructs a social space of young people’s attitudes to drugs and drug experiences relationally. We identify four interrelated positions on illegal drug use among 17 to 19-year-old Danes: the anti-drug position, usually held by youths who do not use illegal drugs and do not have drug-using friends; the ambivalent position, occupied by non-users who report that they have drug-using friends; the transitory position, held by cannabis users, some of whom express positive attitudes to ‘hard’ illegal drugs; and, finally, the pro-drug position, characteristic of drug users with low risk perceptions and high pleasure-orientation. We use the focus group interviews to demonstrate how youths occupying these differing positions argue for and against drugs and which risks and pleasures they associate with drug use.
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Kusnan, Adius, Amirudin Eso, Asriati Asriati, La Ode Alifariki und Ruslan Ruslan. „Penyuluhan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang bahaya narkotika“. Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan 14, Nr. 2 (27.07.2020): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v14i2.1598.
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Educating young people about drugs among high school studentsBackground: Adolescence is a transition between childhood and adulthood. At this stage of development, adolescents have tasks that must be completed, if adolescents are not able to carry out their roles properly they can be involved in the drugs abuse and other addictive substances.Purpose: to analyze the effect of educating young people on improving the knowledge and attitudes about drugs among high school studentsMethod: A quasi experiment, using a pre-test and post-test design. The population was all of student council organization such as of (youth consultation information center, youth red cross, Scouts) and all students in grade XI (high school) Negeri 4 Kendari. The samples was divided by 2 group: intervention groups (44 respondents) and control groups (44 respondents). Measuring instruments used were pre-test, post-test day 1, and post-test day 2 after intervention. Data analysis used paired t test and unpaired t test.Results: Shows that the briefing regarding of negative of consequence addicted to drugs had a significant effect on students' knowledge with p-value <α (0,000) and attitude 0,000. Whereas in the control group there was no effect on knowledge (p value = 0.151) and attitudes (p value = 0.141). The results of the independent test t test obtained knowledge of 0,000 while the attitude of 0.082. This shows there is a difference between knowledge in intervention and control groups but there is no difference in attitude between intervention and control groups.Conclusion: There is effectiveness of briefing regarding of negative of consequence addicted to drugs on knowledge among high school students in Kendari.Keywords: Educating; Young people; Drugs; High school studentsPendahuluan : Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan antara masa kanak-kanak dan masa dewasa. Pada tahap perkembangan tersebut, remaja memiliki tugas yang harus diselesaikan, bila remaja tidak mampu menjalankan tugas dengan baik mereka dapat terlibat dalam dunia narkotika, psikotropika, obat-obatan terlarang dan zat adiktif lainnya.Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang bahaya Narkotika pada remaja pada kalangan siswa SMA Negeri 4 Kendari.Metode: Penelitian quasi experiment, menggunakan rancangan pre test and post test design. Populasinya semua pengurus organisasi siswa siswi terdiri dari (pusat informasi konsultasi remaja/PIKR, palang merah remaja/PMR, Pramuka) dan siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 4 Kendari. Sampel dibagi dalam 2 kelompok meliputi kelompok perlakuan (44 responden) dan kelompok kontrol (44 responden). Alat ukur yang digunakan kuesioner pre test, post test hari ke-1, dan post test hari ke-2 setelah penyuluhan. Analisis data menggunakan uji T berpasangan dan uji T tidak berpasangan.Hasil: Pada kelompok perlakuan (penyuluhan) menunjukkan bahwa pemberian penyuluhan tentang narkotika berpengaruh signifikan pada pengetahuan siswa yakni p value < α (0,000) dan sikap 0,000. Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak ada pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan (p value = 0,151) dan sikap siswa (p value = 0,141). Hasil uji indenpenden T test diperoleh pengetahuan sebesar 0,000 sedangkan pada sikap 0,082. Hal ini menunjukkan ada perbedaan antara pengetahuan pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol akan tetapi tidak ada perbedaan sikap antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol.Simpulan: Kesimpulan bahwa ada pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang bahaya narkotika di Sekolah Menenganh Atas Negeri 4 Kendari.
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Piotrów, Ewa, Iwona Gumowska und Anna Koprowicz. „Family structure vs. risky behaviour and self-efficiency feeling of youth in the period of late adolescence“. Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 585, Nr. 10 (31.12.2019): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6844.
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The purpose of this research was to compare the frequency of the occurrence of risky behaviour and the level of self-efficiency feeling of youth in the period of late adolescence brought up in families of different structure. The structure of a family turned out not to have an important influence on a general feeling of self-efficiency of the examined youth brought up in complete and incomplete families. Risky behaviour which includes missing classes and using intoxicating substances: nicotine, alcohol, drugs, do not differ significantly in the frequency range in the compared groups. However, the quantitative analysis of the results shows more frequent use of legal highs by youth brought up in complete families. The results obtained did not prove the initial assumptions concerning a greater exposure to the possibility of the occurrence of risky behaviour among youth brought up in incomplete families. However, they indicate a higher frequency of occurrence of selected risky behaviour in adolescents from complete families, which prompts further analysis of the factors conditioning this phenomenon. It seems especially important to take into consideration the additional variables which should include: - time devoted to young people by parents fulfilling educational tasks alone or with a partner; - parental attitudes presented by parents.
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Holtz, Kristen D., und Eric C. Twombly. „A Preliminary Evaluation of the Effects of a Science Education Curriculum on Changes in Knowledge of Drugs in Youth“. Journal of Drug Education 37, Nr. 3 (September 2007): 317–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/de.37.3.f.
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Drug and alcohol use among youth remains at pervasively high levels, but students are receiving less school-based prevention. Infusing health information into core curricula may be a valuable prevention approach. Therefore, behavior change theory was used to develop a science education curriculum on drugs for fourth- and fifth-grade students, which was then evaluated using a pretest/posttest quasi-experimental design. Exposure to the curriculum was associated with a change in knowledge; other characteristics like grade level also played a role. More positive attitudes toward science at pretest predicted greater knowledge change, and students who knew less at the start showed a greater change in knowledge. Results of this evaluation may support the efficacy of the curriculum and the utility of combining behavior change theory with educational approaches.
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Marquis, Greg. „Constructing an Urban Drug Ecology in 1970s Canada“. Articles 42, Nr. 1 (03.02.2014): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1022057ar.
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In 1970, youthful researchers carried out participant-observer studies of the drug scene in Vancouver, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal, and Halifax. This ethnographic research, prepared for the federal Commission of Inquiry into the Non-Medical Use of Drugs (the LeDain Commission), was part of the commission’s extensive series of unpublished studies. The commission, which released an initial report in 1970, one on cannabis in 1972 and a final report in 1973, adopted a broad approach to the issue of drugs and society. This article examines the unpublished studies as examples of social science “intelligence gathering” on urban social problems. The reports discussed the local market in illegal drugs, its geographic patterns and organizational features, the demographic characteristics of drug sellers and consumers, the culture of the drug scene, and the attitudes of users. Unlike earlier sociological and anthropological studies that focused on prisoners and lower-class “junkies” or more recent studies that examine marginalized inner-city populations, the city studies reflected the era’s fixation on middle-class youth culture and the addiction-treatment sphere’s growing concern with amphetamine abuse.
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Sukino, Sukino, und Septiasari Putri Utami. „Islamic Religious Education Models in Preventing Negative Behaviors of Youth and Adolescents“. Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan 6, Nr. 02 (30.11.2020): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/tarbawi.v6i02.3539.
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This study offers explicitly new knowledge about socialization and internalization of religious values that form noble morals, which are solutions to prevent malicious behavior in the younger generation. This study uses a sociological approach with a qualitative narrative. Data were collected using interviews and observations; the primary data sources were religious leaders, youth community leaders, and youth in the village of Kampung Jawa Tengah. The analysis was carried out from entering the research field, data reduction, and verification. At the same time, the data validity technique used triangulation and member checks. This research concludes the first two things that deviant behavior such as stealing, drinking, drugs, and gambling have still occurred in the village of Kampung Jawa Tengah in the last three years; the trigger factors are poverty, unemployment, and weak parental control. The educational model, which is a strategy to prevent deviant behavior, is strengthening religious knowledge through various activities and strengthening tolerance attitudes in adolescents through arts and sports activities so that empathy grows to participate in avoiding criminal behavior among teenagers.
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Ochola, Elizabeth Auma. „Gender Differences in the Perception of the Levels and Potential Effects of Violence in Popular Music“. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 4, Nr. 10 (31.10.2016): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol4.iss10.600.
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The effect of popular music on the behavior and emotions of youth is of significant concern to policy makers in government and the general public. Lyrics have become more explicit in their references to drugs, sex, and violence over the years. Notably, rap music is characterized by sexually explicit language in its lyrics as well as messages of violence, racism, drugs, homophobia, and hatred toward women. These depictions of violence and deviance are likely to have negative influence on the behavior and moral values of the youth who listen to such music with far reaching impact of risky behavior in future. Therefore, this study was interested in uncovering the type of the popular music that Kenyan youth listen to; the type of violent and deviant information contained in such popular music and the subsequent effect of these violent and deviant messages on their attitude and behavior. The study targeted male and female undergraduate students from the University of Nairobi. A sample of 200 undergraduate students (100 male and 100 female) was drawn using multistage sampling procedures and systematic random sampling. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire with both structured and open-ended questions.Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics where frequency, percentages and measures of central tendency were used. Inferential statistics (chi-test) were used to test the effect of popular music on attitude and behavior of youth in Kenya.The study confirmed gender difference in the attitude towards popular music among the youth with female students having negative attitude while their male counterparts had a more favorable attitude towards popular music. It was also established that increasing exposure to popular music had detrimental effects including; increased vulnerability to drug and substance abuse, violence, crime, illicit sexual behavior, disease burden and loss of moral values. The study concludes that popular music was likely to have profound immediate and long term negative effects to the attitude and behavior of youth in Kenya. Their lyrical content was found to be offensive to both male and female but with bias against women and therefore likely to promote aggressive and violent behaviors towards women.
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Öztaş, Dilek, Aydan Kalyon, Ayşin Ertuğrul, Çetin Gündoğdu, Hüseyin Balcıoğlu, Yasemin Sağlan, Uğur Bilge und Sevilay Karahan. „Evaluation of Risk Factors Affecting Substance Use among Tenth-Grade Students“. BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1407649.
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Aim. The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence of substance use among tenth-grade students; their thoughts, attitudes, behaviors, and tendencies towards substance use; and risk factors of substance use in tenth-grade students in general. Methods. This study is descriptive and cross-sectional conducted between April and May 2016. Research population consists of tenth-grade students in 2015-2016 school year in the city of Ordu. Since the study involved all tenth-grade students, no sampling was done. Questions on substance use were prepared by Ordu Public Health Directorate and the authors by making use of European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) study questions, AMATEM’s “Drugs and Addiction Youth Survey” study conducted on May 1996, and scientific studies conducted previously on similar subjects. Results. 9825 tenth-grade students in 88 schools from 19 counties in the city of Ordu were included in the study. 8714 of the students participated in the survey. Being male, being over the age of 15, mother and father being separated, living with relatives, being in low income, negative feelings about school, perception of being unsuccessful in school, failing a year, absenteeism, and not being content with life are the risk factors for substance use. Conclusions. The tendency of illegal substance use becoming more and more prevalent especially among youth requires the development of new treatment strategies.
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Nordlund, Sturla. „Artikel“. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 22, Nr. 3-4 (Juni 2005): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072505022003-415.
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■ Aims The aim is to describe the development of the availability, attitudes to, and personal use of illegal drugs among the adult population in Norway, based on survey data from 1968 until today. Compared with data on young people, the data on drugs for the adult population have been collected more rarely, and results have not been widely reported. ■ Data and Method Surveys directed to the adult population with questions about drugs were performed in 1968, 1985, 1991, 1994, 1999 and 2004. The samples are selected in a three stage stratified quota procedure, and are representative for the whole adult population age 15 years and over. The data were collected with a face-to-face interview, mainly about alcohol. The drug questions were answered in writing, and in such a way that the interviewer did not see the answers. The availability of all kinds of drugs was measured by asking if the respondents think they could get hold of it in 2–3 days. ■ Results The availability of drugs has increased. In 2004, some 35 per cent said they could get hold of cannabis, while some 20 per cent could get other drugs. The attitudes towards own use were measured by asking if the respondents would try the drugs if it was not illegal. In 2004 about 8 per cent were positive about trying cannabis, with less than 2 per cent for all the other drugs. The attitudes have not varied much for any of the drugs between 1994 and 2004 and for cannabis have been rather stable since 1968. Lifetime prevalence of cannabis use has increased continuously since 1968, and was about 13.5 per cent in 2004. Last year prevalence increased until 1994, but has stabilised at about 3.7 per cent since then. For other drugs the lifetime prevalence has been stable at less than 2 per cent, with around 3 per cent for amphetamines. Last year, the prevalence of these drugs was less than 1 per cent, possibly with a slightly decreasing tendency. For cannabis the highest prevalence (both lifetime, previous year, and previous 30 days) is in the age group 20–24 years. ■ Conclusion The results are somewhat contrary to reports about increased problematic drug use in Norway during the 1990s. Survey methods are however not the best method to estimate problem drug use. The stability and even tendency to decrease of the prevalence of present drug use shown here might, however, indicate a decrease in the recruitment of problem drug users. Other signs point in the same direction: The sharp increase in drug-related deaths in Norway during the 1990s has given way to a decrease in the latest years. The prevalence of present drug use in youth surveys shows a decreasing trend.
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Evans, William, Elizabeth Andrade, Sandra Goldmeer, Michelle Smith, Jeremy Snider und Gunilla Girardo. „The Living the Example Social Media Substance Use Prevention Program: A Pilot Evaluation“. JMIR Mental Health 4, Nr. 2 (27.06.2017): e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.7839.
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Background Adolescent substance use rates in rural areas of the United States, such as upstate New York, have risen substantially in recent years, calling for new intervention approaches in response to this trend. The Mentor Foundation USA conducts the Living the Example (LTE) campaign to engage youth in prevention using an experiential approach. As part of LTE, youth create their own prevention messages following a training curriculum in techniques for effective messaging and then share them via social media. This paper reports on a pilot evaluation of the LTE program. Objective To conduct a pilot test of LTE in two rural high schools in upstate New York. We hypothesized that positive antidrug brand representations could be promoted using social media strategies to complement the Shattering the Myths (STM) in-person, event-based approach (hypothesis 1, H1), and that youth would respond positively and engage with prevention messages disseminated by their peers. We also hypothesized that exposure to the social media prevention messages would be associated with more positive substance use avoidance attitudes and beliefs, reductions in future use intentions, and decreased substance use at posttest (hypothesis 2, H2). Methods We adapted a previously published curriculum created by the authors that focuses on branding, messaging, and social media for prevention. The curriculum consisted of five, one-hour sessions. It was delivered to participating youth in five sequential weeks after school at the two high schools in late October and early November 2016. We designed a pre- and posttest pilot implementation study to evaluate the effects of LTE on student uptake of the intervention and short-term substance use and related outcomes. Working at two high schools in upstate New York, we conducted a pilot feasibility evaluation of LTE with 9th-grade students (ie, freshmen) at these high schools. We administered a 125-item questionnaire online to capture data on media use; attitudes toward social media; next 30-day personal drug use intentions; personal reasons to use drugs; reasons participants believe their peers would use drugs; self-reported exposure to the LTE program; and receptivity to the LTE program, among those reporting exposure. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models to analyze the relationship between program receptivity and outcomes. First, in a cross-sectional logistic regression model, we regressed self-reported LTE message receipt on drug use intent and actions related to LTE messaging. Then, for analysis of participants with matched pre- and posttest responses, we used multilevel generalized estimating equation (GEE) techniques to model changes in behavior from baseline to follow-up. Results Youth reported increased intentions to use marijuana (odds ratio [OR] 2.134, P=.02) between pre- and posttest. However, youth who reported exposure and receptivity to LTE reported a significant decrease in intentions (OR 0.239, P=.008). We observed a similar pattern for sedatives/sleeping pills—an increase in intentions overall (OR 1.886, P=.07), but a decrease among youth who reported exposure and receptivity to LTE (OR 0.210, P=.02). We saw the same pattern for use of any drug—an increase in reported intentions overall (OR 2.141, P=.02), but a decrease among youth who reported exposure and receptivity to LTE (OR 0.111, P=.004). Conclusions We observed some evidence of significant LTE program effects. Social media may be an effective strategy for peer-to-peer substance use prevention in the future. These findings point both to the potential of LTE and the social media diffusion model and to the need for more research on a larger scale with an expanded youth population in the future.
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Kapoor, Varun, Vikrant Tomar, Priti Bakhshi, Manisha Shukla und Vijay Kumar. „Perception, Attitude and Support of Society Towards Drug Abuse: Do Gender, Age and Education Matter?“ Journal of Health Management 23, Nr. 2 (Juni 2021): 264–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09720634211011566.
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This article highlights the support, attitude and perception of the general public towards drug abuse so that appropriate policies can be framed for the prevention of drug abuse among youth. The study aims to understand the relationship among variables influencing behaviour change with respect to drug abuse. Questionnaire from 1,159 respondents was administered comprising of 39 items exploring Perception, Attitude, Support pertaining to illicit drugs. Positive or negative attitude towards drug abuse is evolved out of the perception of problems associated with drug abuse and the support provided to dissuade drug-abusing behaviour, and relationship among these variables was tested using SEM-Path analysis. The perception of problems related to drug addiction significantly influences the attitude towards drug addiction. The perceived nature of the support structure augments the influence further (partial mediation). The augmenting effect of the support structure can be seen among gender, age and education. Moderator effects of age, gender and education were studied by estimating multi-group path coefficients. This article is useful to local government as they may take some of the findings of this article for framing policy related to educating youth related to drugs, creating a campaign regarding the harm of drug abuse and involving those volunteers in drug assistance programmes that are more supportive of drug addicts. This article is helpful for society to make them understand that their positive attitude and support towards drug abuse will give a second chance to drug addicts to leave drugs and live a normal life again.
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Gunnlaugsson, Helgi. „Article“. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 15, Nr. 5-6 (Oktober 1998): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072598015005-610.
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Helgi Gunnlaugsson: Drug use, attitudes and control policies in Iceland. A comparison with the other Nordic countries Studies on the use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs have frequently been conducted in Iceland in the past few years. These studies have mostly involved use among youth, so trends in the adult population have not yet been mapped out to the same extent. In this presentation, findings from the first ever general population survey on drug use in Iceland will be presented. Prompted by the Nordic Drug Survey, in which Iceland did not take part, a few questions from that survey were adopted in a survey conducted in Iceland in late 1997. Based on the Nordic comparative figures, it appears that Iceland is in some respects not very different from the other Nordic nations. Yet lifetime prevalence of cannabis use was found to be significantly higher in Iceland than in the other Nordic nations, except for Denmark, which clearly is in a league of its own. However, if the use in the last 6 months is analysed, Iceland is very similar to the other Nordic nations. The consumption pattern, in terms of age and gender, seems also to follow the general pattern found in the other Nordic nations. As for attitudes toward different control measures, it is apparent that the public in all of the Nordic countries seems to be in favour of adopting unconventional control methods in the fight against drugs.
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Fulton, Robert, und Greg Owen. „Death and Society in Twentieth Century America“. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 18, Nr. 4 (Juni 1988): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/6kym-f9eb-vy1j-fqwe.
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American attitudes and responses toward death have changed markedly during the twentieth century. This transformation is illustrated through an examination of two age groups: those born prior to the advent of the atomic bomb, and those born into the nuclear age. Each cohort contended with very different patterns of environment and socio-historical experiences, and had differential life expectancies as well. Images of death have changed significantly over this time-span, partially because of the pervasive influence of television and the overall growth in the importance of media. Death's presence in the media is simultaneously everywhere and nowhere; it is at once illusively fantastical and frighteningly real. Today's youth face the threat of a sudden anonymous death that is counterpoised against a more immediate experience with death that often is either distorted or denied. It is within this context that America's youth express their fears and frustrations in music, drugs, violence, and vicarious death experiences. The research agenda should include investigation of such phenomena as the rising interest in spirituality and the increase in suicide among adolescents as possible symptoms of despair in an impersonal and threatened world.
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Firdaus, Angga Mahargia yunanta, und Eni Hidayati. „PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN NAPZA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS DI KOTA SEMARANG“. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa 6, Nr. 1 (17.01.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jkj.6.1.2018.1-7.
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NAPZA merupakan singkatan dari Narkoba, Psikotropika, dan Zat Adiktif lainnya. Penggunaan NAPZA sangat membahayakan bagi kesehatan baik mental maupun fisik penggunanya. Pengguna NAPZA beresiko gangguan perkembangan otak, bunuh diri dan depresi kehilangan memori, risiko tinggi terhadap perilaku seksual, kecanduan, pengambilan keputusan terganggu, prestasi akademis yang buruk, kekerasan, dan kecelakaan kendaraan bermotor. Penggunaan NAPZA juga merusak masa depan penggunanya dan juga masa depan Bangsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap penggunaan NAPZA pada remaja di sekolah mengah atas di kota Semarang. Jenis Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei analitik. menggunakan rancangan survei cross sectional. Sampel penelitan sebanyak 150 remaja yang memenuhi kriteria menggunakan kuesioner kemudian diuji menggunakan uji chi square pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% dari program SPSS versi 19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif dan Signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap penggunaan NAPZA remaja di sekolah mengah atas di kota Semarang. Nilai p=0.000 dan nilai r=0.343 pada uji pengetahuan dan penggunaan NAPZA membuktikan bahwa pengetahuan merupakan faktor pendukung penggunaan NAPZA. Nilai p= 0.003 dan nilai r=0.236 mengindikasikan bahwa ada korelasi antara sikap dengan penggunan NAPZA, dan pengetahuan dan sikap menghasilkan nilai Chi Square signifikasi = 0,202. Berdasarkan ketentuan analisis Chi Square dimana nilai probabilitas (p) kurang dari 0,05 artinya tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan sikap pada remaja. Pengetahuan tentang NAPZA dan penyalahgunaannya akan mengarahkan remaja untuk tidak pernah menggunakan bahkan mencoba zat berbahaya tersebut serta bersikap menolak ajakan teman maupun pengaruh lingkungan untuk menggunakannya. Dengan demikian menjadi sangat penting bagi semua pihak baik sekolah maupun orang tua untuk terus memberikan pengarahan yang baik mengenai bahayanya penyalahgunaan NAPZA bagi masa depan remaja. Kata kunci: Remaja, Kecanduan media sosial, Motivasi belajar ANALYZE THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE USE OF DRUGS IN TEENS IN SCHOOL MENGAH TOP IN SEMARANG CITY ABSTRACTIT stands for drugs, psychotropic drugs, and other addictive substances. The use of DRUGS is very harmful for the health of both mental as well as physical users. People who use drugs are at risk of impaired brain development, suicide, depression and memory loss, against the high risk sexual behavior, addiction, impaired decision making, poor academic achievement, violence, and motor vehicle accidents. The use of DRUGS also damage future users and also the future of the nation. This research aims to analyze the relationship of the level of knowledge and attitude towards the use of DRUGS in teens in school mengah top in Semarang city. Type of this research is quantitative research with survey method is analytic. using the draft survey of cross sectional. The sample for the study as many as 150 teens who meet the criteria using keudian questionnaires were tested using the chi square test on a confidence level of 95% of the program SPSS version 19. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the use of DRUGS in mengah school teen top in Semarang city. The value p = 0000 and the value of r = 0.343 on a test of knowledge and the use of DRUGS prove that knowledge is a factor supporting the use of DRUGS.The value p = 0.003 and value r = 0.236 indicates that there is a correlation between attitudes with use of DRUGS, and the knowledge and attitude to produce the value of the Chi Square = 0.202 significance. The Chi Square analysis based on where the value of the probability (p) of less than 0.05 means there is no significant relationship between the level of knowledge with attitude in teenagers. Knowledge about DRUGS and abuse will direct teenagers to never use even attempting the hazardous substances as well as being friends or refuse the influence of environment to use it. Thus it becomes very important for all parties to either the school or parents to continue to provide a good briefing about the dangers of the misuse ofDRUGS for the future of youth. Keywords: adolescent, addicted to social media, the motivation of learning
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Siff, Stephen. „“Why Do You Think They Call It Dope?”: Richard Nixon’s National Mass Media Campaign Against Drug Abuse“. Journalism & Communication Monographs 20, Nr. 3 (15.08.2018): 172–247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1522637918787804.
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This monograph explores how corporate, political, and public health concerns shaped the Nixon administration’s public service advertising campaign against drug abuse. Between 1970 and 1973, the Nixon administration worked with the nonprofit Advertising Council to orchestrate a national, “one-voice” mass media campaign to change Americans’ attitudes toward the use of drugs. Papers preserved in the archives of the Advertising Council and by Nixon administration officials expose behind-the-scenes conflicts over the government’s drug-abuse message among the White House, federal agency staff, and private partners in the campaign, including drug companies and the advertising and broadcasting industries. Controversies included whether to include alcohol, marijuana, legally marketed prescription drugs such as amphetamines, and dangerous retail drugs such as headache medicines and caffeine, and whether the campaign should promote safe drug use or only discourage “abuse.” Archival records reveal the president’s power to set the government’s message, despite bureaucratic and expert resistance. However, government control over the propaganda campaign was limited by reliance on the Ad Council and the voluntary participation of networks and broadcasters to distribute public service announcements (PSAs). Through the Ad Council’s process of reviewing and obtaining broadcast network clearances for individual PSAs, advertisements that disparaged alcohol and other legally advertised products were weeded from the national campaign. Ultimately, the White House’s vision of a mass media offensive against drug abuse in all its forms was implemented primarily as a campaign against the use of illegal drugs, particularly by youth. Although successful with broadcasters, the campaign was terminated in 1973 amid concerns it was actually stimulating illegal drug use.
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Mulic, Maida, Vesna Ferković, Azra Kurtić und Ivana Ferković Pašić. „Tobacco, alcohol, drugs consumption, and perception about the family functioning among adolescents in Tuzla Canton“. Journal of Health Sciences 7, Nr. 3 (20.12.2017): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2017.462.
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Introduction: Family is a strong communicative base of adolescent development, even though environment has its own influence as well. The study links the risks and substance use (tobacco, alcohol, and drugs) among adolescents to their perception about the functioning of family. Hence, a model of functional communication has been established aimed at preventing the defined problem.
Methods: A random, voluntary, and anonymous survey was conducted that included a non-clinical sample of 1.018 adolescents in the Tuzla Canton. In a prospective method, the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System of the World Health Organization (WHO) was used, modified for this study.
Results: The average prevalence of substance use is 81.2% and is significant for male adolescents. Some 33% of the respondents smoke tobacco, 25.4% drinks alcohol, while 12% of the surveyed adolescents use drugs. There is a significant correlation between a complete and broader family and tobacco and alcohol use, while incomplete family and household without family members are linked to tobacco use only. The risk of alcohol use is significantly related to father’s higher level of education while mother’s high school education is significantly related to tobacco and alcohol use. As perceived by adolescents, parents have negative attitudes about substance use (75%), they are more strict in setting the rules of behavior at home (45.5%) than outside, and control where more than with whom adolescents spend their free time (F=14.14, df [2.6], p<0.05).
Conclusion: The functioning of a family (family structure, parents’ education, and the quality of communication in a family) is a significant factor in the context of tobacco, alcohol, and drug use.
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Evans, William, Elizabeth Andrade, Michaela Pratt, Alexandra Mottern, Sergio Chavez, Anthony Calzetta-Raymond und Jiayan Gu. „Peer-to-Peer Social Media as an Effective Prevention Strategy: Quasi-Experimental Evaluation“. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, Nr. 5 (06.05.2020): e16207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16207.
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Background Substance use by adolescents remains to be at unacceptably high levels, and there is evidence that teens’ social norms are becoming more favorable toward recreational use and perceived safety of substances such as marijuana and prescription opioids. Social media offer a low-cost, potentially high-impact approach to disseminate prevention messages. Objective Living the Example (LTE) is a program that trains adolescent youth ambassadors to develop and disseminate prevention messages within their own social media networks and through in-school activities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exposure to LTE-based social media on students in the youth ambassadors’ networks. Methods The George Washington (GW) University designed and implemented a quasi-experimental evaluation of the LTE program in 3 Maryland high schools. Before program launch, a sample of 826 students (wave 1) at the 3 schools, drawn from a census of freshmen enrolled in a class attended by all students at the grade level, completed a survey. A total of 584 students were surveyed at the wave 2 program midpoint and 542 at the wave 3 endpoint. The survey contained questions on drug use–related attitudes, beliefs, intentions, and behaviors, all based on validated measures. We evaluated the effects of LTE on the intended next 30-day drug use, and controlling for LTE self-reported exposure, age, and gender from waves 2 and 3 was appended into a single dataset. We first conducted ordinal logistic regressions for each drug use intention in wave 3 (ie, sell or distribute illegal drugs, smoke cigarettes, drink beer/wine/hard liquor when parents do not know about it, use marijuana, use lysergic acid diethylamide, cocaine, amphetamines or other illegal drugs, use heroin, use synthetic drugs, and use any prescription pills without a prescription) to examine the association between LTE exposure and drug use intentions. We included an interaction term for the study wave to examine intervention effects. Results We found a significant positive effect of LTE exposure on all 8 measured drug use intentions: sell/distribute illegal drugs; smoke cigarettes; drink beer, wine, or liquor when my parents do not know about it; use marijuana; use cocaine, amphetamines, or other illegal drug; use heroin; use synthetic drugs; use any prescription pills without a prescription (all P<.05; odds ratios ranging from 2.12 to 3.71). We also found that boys were more likely than girls to exhibit reduced drug use intentions. We also found reductions in 30-day intentions between the second and third survey waves for all 8 measured drug use variables. Conclusions Overall, the results are consistent with and indicate a stronger LTE effect in this study compared with a previous pilot study. LTE appears to offer a protective effect, with exposure to program messages leading to reduced/improved drug use intentions.
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Gustina, Erni, Liena Sofiana, Suci Musvita Ayu, Marsiana Wibowo und Inggrid Dwita Wardani. „Violence Determinant on Teenagers in Yogyakarta“. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 16, Nr. 1 (27.07.2020): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v16i1.14323.
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Violence can adversely affect teenagers. Teenagers rarely report violence to their friends or family. Teens who are experienced with violent outbreaks have symptoms such as depression and anxiety, deviant behaviours such as smoking, drugs and alcohol and even attempted suicide. This Study used a cross-sectional design. The sample of the study were student aged 15-19 years who came from 18 Junior High School in Yogyakarta City. The study was conducted during August 2017. Sample size is 481 adolescents. Technique sampling used multistage random cluster sampling. The instrument used questionnaires on violence, knowledge, attitudes, self-confidence, family roles, peer roles, teacher roles and information sources. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis used chi square test. Results showed that 77.5% of adolescents were violent and 68.4% were physically abused. Peers are a risk factor for adolescents to engage in violence (PR: 1.335; CI 95%:1.205-1.479) and families also play an important role for adolescents engaged in violence (PR: 1.179; CI 95%: 1.079-1.292). The existence of teen counseling services such as Youth Information and Counseling Center to increase adolescent insight about juvenile delinquency especially violence and impact on adolescents.
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Knezevic-Pogancev, Marija. „Fear of having the antiepileptic drug withdrawn“. Medical review 64, Nr. 1-2 (2011): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1102025k.
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Introduction. The decision to withdraw antiepileptic drugs is based mostly on a balanced view of the overall risk of seizure relapse and factors most likely to affect that risk. The aim of this study was to find out the patient and family?s attitudes towards the fear of having antiepileptic drug withdrawn, after three years of seizure control. Material and methods. This research was carried out at the Institute for Child and Youth Health care of Vojvodina in Novi Sad. During the study, which lasted from 2003 to 2008, a face-to-face interview about fear of having the antiepileptic therapy withdrawn was done within the adolescent patient examination. The study population included 150 adolescent patients and 265 of their parents. Results. In general, the adolescent patients were ready to accept a significantly higher risk of having recurrences after the antiepileptic drug withdrawal (p<0.05) than their parents. None of their parents was ready to accept the risk 50% higher than the one in the general population. Conclusion. It is important to take into consideration the fear of both adolescent patients and their parents of having recurrences of epileptic seizures before opting for the antiepileptic drug withdrawal.
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Andika, Mira. „Relationship Of Youth Knowledge And Attitude With Drug Abuse Prevention Efforts In Padang 29 Private Vocational School, 2017“. Jurnal Kesehatan 9, Nr. 2 (31.07.2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.35730/jk.v9i2.357.
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UNODC in the World Drug Report states that in 2010 there were 230 million people or 5% of the world's population aged 10-64 misusing drugs. Cannabis is the most widely used substance that is between 119 million - 224 million, 13% of injecting drug users have contracted HIV (14.6%). The purpose of research to know the relationship of knowledge and attitude of an adolescent with the effort of prevention of drug abuse in SMPN 29 Padang. The study used an analytic survey with a cross-sectional study design carried out at SMPN 29 Padang on June 17, 2017. The student's population of SMPN 29 Padang from class VII and VIII were 570 people with a sample size of 84 people. Results 63.1% of respondents have a high knowledge, 51.2% of respondents have a positive attitude, 60.7% of respondents have good drug abuse prevention efforts. There is a relationship between adolescent knowledge with the effort of prevention of drug abuse (p-value = 0,000) and there is a correlation between adolescent attitude with the effort of preventing drug abuse in SMPN 29 Padang (p-value = 0,030).
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Hoolachan, Jennifer. „Exploring the ‘Spoiled’ and ‘Celebrated’ Identities of Young and Homeless Drug Users“. Social Inclusion 8, Nr. 1 (27.02.2020): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v8i1.2311.
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Young people experiencing homelessness and who use drugs are vulnerable to being attributed with ‘spoiled identities’ due to stigmatising attitudes by wider society. This article is underpinned by a symbolic interactionist account of self-identity and stigma. It draws upon ethnographic research in a UK-based supported accommodation hostel for young people and explores how the residents in the hostel related to the labels of ‘homeless,’ ‘drug user’ and ‘youth’ and how these were expressed through their self-identities. Over a period of seven months, in-depth participant-observation, semi-structured interviews and a focus group were conducted involving 22 hostel residents, aged 16 to 21 years old. The data highlight how the residents engaged in processes of ‘distancing’ or ‘othering’ by making disparaging remarks about other people in similar situations based on stereotyping. These processes reinforced spoiled identities while enabling the residents to disassociate from them. However, residents also appeared to embrace and celebrate certain features of each label, indicating an acceptance of these more positive features as forming a part of their self-identities. The article concludes by arguing for a nuanced approach to understanding stigma and identity among homeless people, one that accounts for more than just a person’s housing situation.
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Wong, Connie S. Y., Catherine S. K. Tang und Ralf Schwarzer. „Psychosocial Correlates of Substance Use: Comparing High School Students with Incarcerated Offenders in Hong Kong“. Journal of Drug Education 27, Nr. 2 (Juni 1997): 147–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/5x79-qgja-adpj-hffu.
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Drug use prevalence data were obtained from 969 adolescents, high school students and imprisoned offenders who reported use of cough medicine, organic solvents, cannabis, heroin, tranquilizers, and narcotics over the past six months. Incarcerated youths, in particular girls, had higher prevalence rates than students. Drug use frequencies were associated with psychosocial variables such as disinhibition, peer drug use, susceptibility to peer pressure, attitudes, encouragement by peers, and perceived availability of drugs. The psychosocial process of the initiation and maintenance of substance use was specified as a path model that considered 1) personality and social environment as distal precursors and 2) a drug-use predisposition and perceived availability as proximal precursors of three kinds of outcome variables: drug use, the intention to try illicit drugs if they were legal, and adverse outcomes of drug use. It was found that the same structural equation model fit the data of both samples of offenders and students, however, with very different weights assigned to the paths.
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Kozlova, Irina V. „Risky Sexual Behavior Among Alcohol Consumers in the Youth Environment (Sociologic Analysis)“. Sociologicheskaja nauka i social naja praktika 6, Nr. 4 (2018): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2018.6.4.6090.
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The article presents the results of the study “Lifestyle of student youth: behavioral risks”, which was carried out in 2016–2017. The survey was conducted among college and university students aged 17–23 years. The particularities of influence of alcohol on the guideline beliefs of young people about sexuality and in particular on sexual behavior are revealed. Youth consuming alcohol beverages systematically is distinguished by a more liberal attitude towards sex and premarital sexual contacts, as well as broad guideline beliefs about the acceptability of various sexual activities, and a lower sexual culture. The results of a sociological survey indicate a high sexual activity of students. The low level of social culture and education, the immature system of sexual education, a large number of questionable sources of information on this topic are the causes of this problem. The article identifies the negative effects of alcohol consumption before intimacy, as well as the level of knowledge of young people on safe sex issues. An analysis of medical statistics indicates that alcohol and drugs that are consumed even periodically increase the potential risk of HIV infection. The extensive empirical material of the sociology sector of deviant behavior shows the main behavioral risks to the health of the youth: alcohol consumption, risky sexual behavior. Also, the role of prevention of risky sex among the young is indicated, which should be based on timely moral and ethical education. The need was emphasized for prevention of alcohol abuse to the extent of the spiritual and moral education of young people, as well as the propaganda of safe sexual behavior.
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Jedynak, Witold, und Marek A. Motyka. „Drug Use Predictors Identified in the School Environment“. Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse 12, Nr. 1 (21.12.2019): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjfy29496.
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Drug use is commonplace amongst youths. Alongside the family environment, school is the second place which shapes children's opinions and attitudes. The aim of this research was to identify factors in the school environment conducive to the use of legal and illegal drugs as well as those which protect against such actions. In order to answer the formulated research questions a representative sociological survey was carried out within the Podkarpackie province in Poland on a sample of nearly 2,500 students from 27 secondary schools. A stratified random sampling respondents' selection method was applied. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Empirical data analysis showed the existence of interesting relationships between adolescents' school activities and engaging in risky behaviours. The results of this research may be used for prevention programmes.
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Debenham, Jennifer, Nicola Newton, Louise Birrell, Murat Yücel, Briana Lees und Katrina Champion. „Cannabis and Illicit Drug Use During Neurodevelopment and the Associated Structural, Functional and Cognitive Outcomes: Protocol for a Systematic Review“. JMIR Research Protocols 9, Nr. 7 (27.07.2020): e18349. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18349.
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Background High rates of cannabis and illicit drug use are experienced by young people during the final stages of neurodevelopment (aged 15-24 years), a period characterized by high neuroplasticity. Frequent drug use during this time may interfere with neurophysiological and neuropsychological development pathways, potentially leading to ongoing unfavorable neuroadaptations. The dose-response relationship between illicit drug use, exposure, and individual neurodevelopmental variation is unknown but salient with global shifts in the legal landscape and increasingly liberal attitudes and perceptions of the harm caused by cannabis and illicit drugs. Objective This systematic review aims to synthesize longitudinal studies that investigate the effects of illicit drug use on structural, functional, and cognitive brain domains in individuals under the neural age of adulthood (25 years). This protocol outlines prospective methods that will facilitate an exhaustive review of the literature exploring pre- and post-drug use brain abnormalities arising during neurodevelopment. Methods Five electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, ProQuest Central, and Web of Science) will be systematically searched between 1990 and 2019. The search terms will be a combination of MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), with keywords adapted to each database. Study reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and if relevant, study quality will be assessed using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Eligible studies are those that sampled youth exposed to cannabis or illicit drugs and employed neurophysiological or neuropsychological assessment techniques. Studies will be excluded if participants had been clinically diagnosed with any psychiatric, neurological, or pharmacological condition. Results This is an ongoing review. As of February 2020, papers are in full-text screening, with results predicted to be complete by July 2020. Conclusions Integrating data collected on the three brain domains will enable an assessment of the links between structural, functional, and cognitive brain health across individuals and may support the early detection and prevention of neurodevelopmental harm. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42020151442; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=151442 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/18349
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Harrington, Nancy Grant, und Lewis Donohew. „Jump Start: A Targeted Substance Abuse Prevention Program“. Health Education & Behavior 24, Nr. 5 (Oktober 1997): 568–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019819702400505.
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A substance abuse prevention and life skills program for economically disadvantaged, high sensation seeking African American teens was developed and tested in Cincinnati, Ohio. Formative research was conducted to determine program content and format. Over two implementations, 289 individuals in the target population were recruited as participants for the field test of the program. For the first implementation, participants were randomly selected from the city's summer youth employment program. For the second, a media campaign was designed to recruit participants. Process evaluation indicated that participants evaluated the program extremely positively. Outcome evaluation indicated that significant pretest differences between high and low sensation seekers were neutralized for liquor and marijuana in both years of the program and for attitude toward drugs in the first year of the program. These results suggest that sensation seeking is a useful message design and audience-targeting variable for substance abuse prevention program design. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Bakhoum, Atef Y., Max O. Bachmann, Ehab El Kharrat und Remon Talaat. „Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Risky Sexual Behavior Leading to HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections among Egyptian Substance Abusers: A Cross-Sectional Study“. Advances in Public Health 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/701861.
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Background. Rapidly growing youth population with changing sexual trend in Egypt raised HIV potential. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding unsafe sexual behavior among Egyptian drug abusers.Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2008 in the Freedom Drugs and HIV Program on 410 drug abusers in Egypt. Included respondents were subanalyzed by gender, age, education, and intravenous drug usage.Results. KAP average scores on safe sexual behavior were low compared to the maximum possible denoting low awareness and action of drug addicts towards avoidance of infection. Respondents with higher education had significantly better knowledge about safe sexual behavior. Significant positive correlation was shown between age and knowledge of safe sexual behavior. Older age groups were predicted to know more about safe sex, while gender; educational level and intravenous drug usage were not. Similarly, females and intravenous drug users were predicted to have higher attitude for safe sex while age and educational level did not.Conclusion. KAP of safe sexual behavior were low among drug addicts in Egypt increasing potential towards infection with STDs including HIV. The more the age and education level, the better the knowledge towards safe sexual behavior.
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Peҫi, Blerta. „Peer Influence and Adolescent Sexual Behavior Trajectories: Links to Sexual Initation“. European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, Nr. 3 (21.01.2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i3.p96-105.
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This study aims to revisit the studies reported in the area of peer influence with reference to health behavior. Peer groups are social groups that consist of people of the same age and have similar interests and usually equal in terms of the education and social class. Peer groups are important as they tend to provide a space to make friends. They also help provide social and emotional support as well as an identity and a sense of belongingness to a social group, especially during adolescence. The authors have found that sexual behavior is one of the many areas in which teens are influenced by their best friends and peers. Teens are more likely to have sex if their best friends and peers are older, use alcohol or drugs, or engage in other negative behavior. Similarly, they are more likely to have sex if they believe their friends have more positive attitudes toward childbearing, have permissive values about sex, or are actually having sex. The authors have found that most of the studies in this area have been developed have been assessing the negative aspects of peer influence. Understanding important factors related to sexual behavior is important not only to change that behavior; it is important to identify those teens who are most at risk of having sex and unprotected sex. This paper explains the implications for those working to help youth avoid risky sexual behaviors and potential consequences. It is concluded with the recommendations for conducting studies in this direction.
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Agumba, Justus N. „Perception of the Effects of Substance Abuse among University Students: A Case of Built Environment and Civil Engineering Students at a South African University in Gauteng Province“. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 7, Nr. 4(J) (30.08.2015): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v7i4(j).596.
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Substance abuse among youths is a worldwide epidemic that impacts negatively on the health sector as well as the family and society. Early student life at the university is a time of tremendous high motivation to conform to the behaviours, values and attitudes that are valued by the student culture. However, students observe their peers’ behaviour and alter their own behaviour with their peers’ norms and expectations. Some of the perceived peer norms can however lead to substance abuse, which has led students’ not to complete their education. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine students’ perception on the effects of substance abuse on their physical, cognitive and affective development. The research philosophy adopted was positivism and the approach was deductive. Hence, a self-administered questionnaire containing items developed from literature review was administered to 199 built environment and civil engineering students at a South African university. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The reliability for internal consistency of the measured constructs i.e. physical, cognitive and affective was determined using Cronbach’s alpha test. Independent sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses on the perception of students who had experimented on drugs and those who had not experimented on drugs on their physical, cognitive and affective development. The results suggest that over 40 percent of students in this university are not aware of the substance abuse policy. Furthermore there was no statistical significant difference on the perception of the effect of substance abuse on students who had experimented on drugs and those who had not experimented on drugs on their physical and affective development. However, there was a significant difference on the effect on their cognitive development. It is recommended that students at this university should be made aware of the substance abuse policy. Furthermore, those who experimented on substances e.g. drugs indicated less perception on their effects on their cognitive development. It is recommended that this cohort of students warrants further research.
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Raharjo, Raharjo, Armaidy Armawi und Djoko Soerjo. „Penguatan Civic Literacy Dalam Pembentukan Warga Negara Yang Baik (Good Citizen) Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Pribadi Warga Negara Muda (Studi Tentang Peran Pemuda HMP PPKn Demokratia pada Dusun Binaan Mutiara Ilmu di Jebres, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah)“. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional 23, Nr. 2 (23.08.2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jkn.26457.
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ABSTRACTNowadays, the problems that arise are related to diversity, unity, the spread of hoaxes that trigger conflict in society. The rise of the ideals that contradict with Pancasila and individualism attitude of young generation caused by the development of information technology increasingly visible in society. The younger generation is increasingly plunged into conflicts, drugs, promiscuity, and loss of concern for the nation's problems. This study aims to examine the process of strengthening civic literacy to established of good citizens as an alternative solution to the growing youth issues in society and its implications for the personal resilience of young citizens.The results showed that the process of strengthening civic literacy was done by socialization and civic literacy competition conducted by youth HMP PPKn Demokratia at Dusun Binaan Mutiara Ilmu, Jebres, Surakarta. Strengthening civic literacy has implications for the personal resilience of young citizens. In youth, these implications are thought patterns and behavior patterns that are demonstrated by the desire and continue to strive and practice the materials they convey during socialization in everyday life, and supported by high data rate percentage questionnaire implications on personal resilience of youth (tentor) With an average of 92% and for students 95%. The strengthening of civic literacy basically aims to form a good citizen (good citizen) in order to run the life of society, nation and the country. ABSTRAKDewasa ini, permasalahan-permasalahan yang muncul terkait dengan kebhinekaan, persatuan, persebaran berita-berita tidak benar (hoax) yang memicu munculnya konflik di tengah masyarakat. Berkembangnya paham-paham yang berlawanan dengan Pancasila dan sikap individualisme generasi muda yang disebabkan oleh perkembangan teknologi informasi semakin terlihat di tengah masyarakat. Generasi muda semakin terjerumus dalam konflik, narkoba, pergaulan bebas, dan hilangnya kepedulian terhadap persoalan bangsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses penguatan civic literacy dalam pembentukan warga negara yang baik sebagai salah satu alternatif solusi permasalahan-permasalahan kepemudaan yang semakin berkembang di masyarakat dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan pribadi warga negara muda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penguatan civic literacy dilakukan dengan cara sosialisasi dan lomba civic literacy yang dilakukan oleh pemuda HMP PPKn Demokratia di Dusun Binaan Mutiara Ilmu, Jebres, Surakarta. Penguatan civic literacy berimplikasi pada ketahanan pribadi warga negara muda. Pada pemuda, implikasi tersebut berupa pola pikir dan pola perilaku yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya keinginan dan terus berusaha untuk mempraktikkan materi-materi yang mereka sampaikan saat sosialisasi pada kehidupan sehari-hari, dan didukung dengan data tingginya tingkat persentase kuesioner implikasi terhadap ketahanan pribadi pemuda (tentor) dengan rata-rata sebesar 92% dan bagi murid 95%. Adapun penguatan civic literacy pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk membentuk warga negara yang baik (good citizen) dalam rangka menjalankan kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan benegara.
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De Santiago, Isabel, Leonor Bacelar Nicolau, Rui Tato Marinho und José Pereira-Miguel. „Comunicação em Saúde Pública na Prevenção do Consumo Excessivo de Álcool e Drogas na População Escolar de São Tomé e Príncipe: Protocolo Científico“. Acta Médica Portuguesa 33, Nr. 4 (01.04.2020): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.13435.
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Introduction: Sao Tome and Principe is an African low-and-middle-income country, where extreme poverty causes major health inequalities. No systematic research has been done on the consumption of alcohol and drugs in Sao Tome and Principe, and only overall statistics are available based on the importation of alcoholic drinks and their distribution among the population. There are also no studies on consumption of alcohol and illicit substances in children and youth and no preventive measures being undertaken. Besides that, manual databases present significant limitations, considering the lack of causes associated with mortality rates (0 - 5 years and > 5), and the difficulty to establish a cause/effect relation between diseases, deaths and life expectancy. No relevant data with burden of life was found in the reports of Centro Nacional de Endemias or the non-governmental, organization Instituto Marques de Valle Flor, a facilitator on healthcare clinical specialties selected on a voluntary basis by doctors from Portuguese hospitals. So, we proposed to provide a first overview of family and housing conditions, and above all, the consumption of alcohol and illegal drugs in young people. Thus, a project, the National Survey on Harmful Consumption of Alcohol and Drugs in Schools of Sao Tome and Principe, will be realized in order to better characterize the situation among children and young students and test public health communication strategies and preventive interventions aimed at this target-population. Interventions were designed taking into consideration local sociocultural realities of target audiences. We considered dialect language, single-parent families (matriarchal structure) and polygamy (mostly) in men and a country and governments led by men (patriarchal structure) and, in which the woman’s role, as Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations reports, remains overlooked. Subsequently, we will collect traditional alcohols samples from the two main islands for analysis (at Laboratório de Estudos Farmacêuticos and Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil - Portugal) and to determine heavy metals in the production process and impact on burden of life.Material and Methods: In order to characterise the country’s situation in terms of alcohol and illicit substances consumption a literature review was carried out through a search in several international electronic databases, such as those of the World Health Organization, World Health Organization Africa, United Nation, The Lancet and Lancet Global Health, etc. Available data of the following institutions of Sao Tome and Príncipe was also analyzed: National Institute of Statistics, Ministry of Education, Culture and Training and Ministry of Health and Social Affairs. Several interviews with community and church leaders as well as with members of catholic missions were carried out to better understand the local situation. Following this, a nationwide cross-sectional survey of a sample of 2064 students will be carried out. This will include a questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, health behaviors/attitudes, alcohol and illicit substances consumption. Finally, based on the overall diagnosis obtained, some edutainment health communication preventive interventions will be tested in the primary schools of three districts (EDUCA_TURTLE) and on the radio journalists (EDUCA_PRESS). These were evaluated by primary school teachers and by radio journalists.
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Zhiratkova, Zhanna V., Tatiana E. Petrova und Alesya V. Leontyeva. „Promotion of a Healthy Lifestyle among Students (a Sociological Analysis)“. REGIONOLOGY 26, Nr. 4 (28.12.2018): 784–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.105.026.201804.784-797.
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Introduction. The issue of public health is still relevant, as not only is it an individual value, but also a social one: an unhealthy population cannot be a reliable support for the state. This is especially true of young people, who are a key indicator of the well-being of the society and the country as a whole. The goal of the paper is to study the opinions of students about a healthy lifestyle and its promotion through tourism, prevention of addictions and negative impacts of various factors. Materials and Methods. In the course of the research, a set of methods was applied: analytical and synthetic study of scientific and methodological literature, logical methods for analyzing concepts, questionnaire surveys, expert evaluation, etc. The study also used quota sampling. Percentage distribution and ranking were used to process the empirical data. Results. The conducted experiment has revealed that most students enjoy good health and show optimism, they have a tolerant attitude towards people consuming alcohol or drugs. The study has proved that health and well-being of young people depend on the socio-psychological microclimate in students’ groups and dormitories, as well as on the friendship and solidarity of students themselves. Discussion and Conclusion. Only promoting a fashion for a healthy lifestyle one can protect students from negative consequences during the transition from the youth to adulthood. The materials obtained can become the basis for monitoring these processes in educational organizations and set new vectors for students’ better health, for improving the teamwork of teachers and mentors.
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Mackenzie, Kathleen, Geoffrey Hunt und Karen Joe-Laidler. „Youth Gangs and Drugs“. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 4, Nr. 3-4 (07.03.2006): 99–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j233v04n03_05.
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Forsyth, Alasdair J. M. „Youth, Drugs, and Nightlife“. Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 40, Nr. 3 (22.04.2011): 314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306110404515s.
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Asiah, Nur, Nur Asnah Sitohang und Dewi Elizadiani Suza. „Pengetahuan Remaja Anak Jalanan Tentang Bahaya Seks Bebas dan Penyakit Menular Seksual di Komunitas Peduli Anak Kelurahan Medan Maimun“. Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan 5, Nr. 2 (31.12.2020): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v5i2.209.
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Reproductive health and adolescent understanding of the dangers of free sex and sexually transmitted diseases in Indonesia is still low, this can be seen from the many cases of pregnancy outside of marriage, dating violence and abortion with high-risk drugs. Adolescent's understanding of reproductive health is a provision for adolescents to behave in a healthy and responsible manner. Not all adolescents have received sufficient and correct information about reproductive health. Street children are a group of children who are on the side of the road or on the road, who carry out activities in the hope of earning money for life. Knowledge and attitudes towards personal hygiene of reproductive organs are also poor in terms of research results. Therefore they need to be given counseling, guidance and support, so that healthy growth and development can occur so that one day these teenagers will become healthy adults physically, spiritually and socially through the formation of health cadres. This community service is carried out on street teenagers in the Community Caring for Children (KOPA) Medan Maimun. Medan city. The methods used in this activity are: 1. Health education with material on adolescent reproductive health, the dangers of free sex behavior and sexually transmitted diseases; 2. Cadre training; 3. Assistance of cadres in conducting counseling to peers (peer group). 4. Evaluation of the success of the program: post-test for outreach cadres and youth participants. The data analysis used was univariate. The number of respondents 25 people. The results showed that the majority of the Padang ethnic group (76%), junior high school education (54%), father and mother still (father 80% and mother 92%), education of 80% high school parents. The results of the questionnaire on knowledge were still there (44%) street children had not answered questions about the symptoms of HIV/AIDS. Symptoms of HIV/AIDS include fever, night sweats, continuous diarrhea, fatigue, and persistent coughing and weight loss. They also have not all answered correctly on the question of gangrene is a type of sexually transmitted infection (24%), mode of transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (20%); and HIV/AIDS can cause death (20%). This is because young children have never received this information either at school or from their parents. Researchers suggest that the KOPA manager should actively cooperate with the nearest PUSKESMAS to provide information about the dangers of free sex and sexually transmitted diseases.
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PHILLIPS, SARAH, und KENT L. SANDSTROM. „Parental Attitudes toward Youth Work“. Youth & Society 22, Nr. 2 (Dezember 1990): 160–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x90022002003.
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