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Puksa, L., K. Edebol Eeg-Olofsson, E. Stålberg und B. Falck. „Reference values for F wave parameters in healthy 3–20 year old subjects“. Clinical Neurophysiology 122, Nr. 1 (Januar 2011): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2010.06.009.
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Socié, Gérard, Claudia Schmoor, Wolfgang Andreas Bethge, Hellmut Ottinger, Matthias Stelljes, Axel R. Zander, Liisa Volin et al. „Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Lessons From a Randomized Trial on GvHD Prophylaxis with or without Anti-T-Cell Globulin ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F) In Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HSCT) From Matched Unrelated Donors“. Blood 116, Nr. 21 (19.11.2010): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.212.212.
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Abstract Abstract 212 Background: Chronic GvHD (cGvHD) is the leading late complication after allogeneic HSCT. Most previous randomized studies in GvHD prophylaxis failed to demonstrate reduced incidence and severity of cGvHD, and shorter time to discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Aims: We previously reported that addition of ATG-F to standard cyclosporine, methotrexate GvHD prophylaxis (control group) significantly reduced severe acute and chronic GvHD (Finke et al., Lancet Oncology, 2009). Here we present final data and unpublished results on cGvHD with extended follow-up [median of 3 (25%-quartile 2.5, 75%-quartile 3.9) years] on 201 patients with median age of 40 (range 18–60) years, transplanted between 2003 and 2007, with AML (n=101), MDS (n=10), ALL (n=70), CML (n=17), OMF (n=3) in early (1st CR or MDS-RA, n=107), or advanced status of disease (all other, n=94). Results: With extended follow-up the cumulative incidence (CI) of extensive cGvHD after three years was 12.2% in the ATG-F group versus 45.0% in the control group (p<0.0001) (Figure1) [CI of limited + extensive was 30.0% and 60.0% in the ATG-F versus control, respectively, p<0.0001]. CIs were reduced in all main cGvHD target organs: skin [3-year CI, 5.6% to 27.0%; (hazard ratio (HR) =0.18, p=0.0006)], eyes [3-year CI, 2.2% to 20.7%; HR =0.10, p=0.0025)], mouth [3-year CI, 4.4% to 18.8%; HR =0.24, p=0.013)], lung [3-year CI, 3.3% to 16.3%; HR =0.17 p=0.006)], and liver [3-year CI, 16.7% to 33.8%; HR =0.43, p=0.009]. Chronic GvHD decreased relapse rate resulting in HR of 0.49 (p=0.037), 3-year CI of relapse was 32.6% in the ATG-F and 28.2% in the control group (HR=1.21, p=0.47). Extensive cGvHD increased non-relapse mortality (NRM) rate resulting in a HR of 2.1 (p=0.075), 3-year CI of NRM was 19.4% in the ATG-F and 33.5% in the control group (HR=0.68, p=0.47). The 3-year CI of late bacterial infection (post Day+100) was 26.3% and 39.9% in the ATG-F versus control, respectively (HR=0.65, p=0.12). Cox regression analyses on risk factors for developing extensive cGvHD adjusted for treatment arm and acute GvHD (time dependent) found two factors associated with increased extensive cGvHD risk: donor age more than 40 years (HR= 2.02, p=0.025) and disease type [HRs=3.90, 1.56 and 2.62 for patients with MDS, ALL and CML/OMF as compared to AML, respectively; p=0.04]. Overall survival after three years was 55.2% in the ATG-F and 43.3% in the control group (HR=0.84, p=0.39). The HR for receiving IST was 0.58, p<0.00001, and the HR for stopping IST was 1.37, p=0.006 (ATG-F versus control, respectively). At 3 years, the probability of being alive without IST was 46.9% and 18.1% and that of being alive with IST was 8.4% and 26.1 % in the ATG-F versus control, respectively. Conclusion: The addition of ATG-F to standard cyclosporine, methotrexate GvHD prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence and severity of cGvHD, and the risk of receiving IST without increasing relapse rate. Although the 3-year CI of NRM (19.4% in the ATG-F and 33.5% in the control group, p=0.18) are still non-significantly different, these data demonstrate that ATG-F prophylaxis decreases cGvHD morbidity and may thus provide a long-term survival advantage. Disclosures: Bethge: Fresenius Biothech GmbH: Lecture remuneration. Finke:Fresenius Biothech GmbH: Research Funding.
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Saevarsson, Elvar S., Vaka Rognvaldsdottir, Runa Stefansdottir und Erlingur Johannsson. „Organized Sport Participation, Physical Activity, Sleep and Screen Time in 16-Year-Old Adolescents“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 6 (18.03.2021): 3162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063162.
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This study aimed to examine the association of different frequencies of organized sport participation (OSP) with physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, sleep, and screen time among adolescents. A cross-sectional study involving 315 16-year-old adolescents was conducted. OSP was self-reported, being categorized as 0 times a week, less than three times a week, 4–5 times a week, and 6–7 times a week, on average. Screen time was also self-reported but physical activity and sleep duration were objectively measured. Cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition were measured using a maximal cycle ergometer test and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, respectively. An analysis of covariance revealed a significant association between OSP and physical activity (F (3, 286) = 14.53, p < 0.01), cardiorespiratory fitness (F (3, 236) = 17.64, p < 0.01), screen time (F (3, 294) = 8.14, p < 0.01), body fat percentage (F (3, 292) = 11.84, p < 0.01), and fat free mass (F (3, 290) = 5.76, p < 0.01. No significant association was found between OSP and sleep duration. Post hoc analyses showed that OSP at least four times a week was beneficial to favorable physical activity levels, cardiorespiratory fitness, screen time, and body composition and may therefore serve as a valuable tool in battling unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among adolescents.
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Socié, Gérard, Claudia Schmoor, Wolfgang A. Bethge, Hellmut D. Ottinger, Matthias Stelljes, Axel R. Zander, Liisa Volin et al. „Chronic graft-versus-host disease: long-term results from a randomized trial on graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with or without anti–T-cell globulin ATG-Fresenius“. Blood 117, Nr. 23 (09.06.2011): 6375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-01-329821.
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Abstract Previous randomized graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-prophylaxis trials have failed to demonstrate reduced incidence and severity of chronic GVHD (cGVHD). Here we reanalyzed and updated a randomized phase 3 trial comparing standard GVHD prophylaxis with or without pretransplantation ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F) in 201 adult patients receiving myeloablative conditioning before transplantation from unrelated donors. The cumulative incidence of extensive cGVHD after 3 years was 12.2% in the ATG-F group versus 45.0% in the control group (P < .0001). The 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse and of nonrelapse mortality was 32.6% and 19.4% in the ATG-F group and 28.2% and 33.5% in the control group (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.21, P = .47, and HR = 0.68, P = .18), respectively. This nonsignificant reduction in nonrelapse mortality without increased relapse risk led to an overall survival rate after 3 years of 55.2% in the ATG-F group and 43.3% in the control group (HR = 0.84, P = .39, nonsignificant). The HR for receiving immunosuppressive therapy (IST) was 0.31 after ATG-F (P < .0001), and the 3-year probability of survival free of IST was 52.9% and 16.9% in the ATG-F versus control, respectively. The addition of ATG-F to standard cyclosporine, methotrexate GVHD prophylaxis lowers the incidence and severity of cGVHD, and the risk of receiving IST without raising the relapse rate. ATG-F prophylaxis reduces cGVHD morbidity.
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Ranzi, Camila, Juliane Nicolodi Camera und Carolina Cardoso Deuner. „Influence of continuous cropping on corn and soybean pathogens“. Summa Phytopathologica 43, Nr. 1 (März 2017): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/2150.
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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of two tillage programs (conventional and no-tillage) and different rotations with soybeans and corn on the occurrence of Fusarium species. The work was conducted in the experimental field and Seed Laboratory at Iowa State University. The treatments were: tillage (no-tillage and conventional tillage), crop (corn and soybeans) and three different cropping sequences for corn and soybeans, respectively. Treatment with corn: (1) the first year after four years of soybeans (1C); (2) alternating corn and soybeans each year (C / SB); (3) Continuous corn (C). Treatment with soybeans; (1) the first year after four years of corn (1S); (2) alternating soybeans and corn each year (SB / C); (3) Continuous soybeans (S). Two plant counts were performed in two stages in soybean (VC and V3) and corn (V1 and V3). The root system of ten plants were collected in the vegetative stages V2 and V5 for soybeans and corn. The fungi were isolated from the roots, and the Fusarium species were identified based on the most distinctive morphological characteristics. Nine species were identified in both soybeans and corn, namely F. acuminatum, F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. subglutinans, F. verticillioides and F. virguliforme. There were no significant differences among the treatments concerning the Fusarium species composition, for both soybeans and corn. In soybeans Fusarium oxysporum was the most frequently observed saprophyte species, followed by F. solani. For corn the main trends in the data was the predominance in all treatments of F. solani, whose highest frequency was in the no-tillage system.
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Barbeito, S., P. Vega, A. Ugarte, B. Fernandez de Corres, P. López und A. González-Pinto. „P.3.f.001 Compliance over 8 year of follow-up in first psychotic episodes“. European Neuropsychopharmacology 19 (September 2009): S581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(09)70930-7.
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Ritsner, M., Y. Ratner und A. Gibel. „P.3.f.004 Remission structure in 10-year course of schizophrenia: a naturalistic study“. European Neuropsychopharmacology 24 (Oktober 2014): S567—S568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(14)70909-5.
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Su, Z., M. Mamalui und Z. Li. „SU-F-T-564: 3 Year Experience of Treatment Plan QualityAssurance for Vero SBRT Patients“. Medical Physics 43, Nr. 6Part22 (Juni 2016): 3593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4956749.
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Tzilas, Vasilios, Argyris Tzouvelekis, Evangelos Bouros, Theodoros Karampitsakos, Maria Ntassiou, Eleni Avdoula, Athena Trachalaki, Katerina Antoniou, Ganesh Raghu und Demosthenes Bouros. „Clinical experience with antifibrotics in fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a 3-year real-life observational study“. ERJ Open Research 6, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2020): 00152–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00152-2020.
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BackgroundFibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (f-HP) can exhibit a progressive course similar to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The lack of diagnostic guidelines and randomised controlled trials in this population represent a significant unmet need.ObjectivesTo describe our clinical experience with antifibrotics in patients with f-HP.Material and methodsRetrospective study of 30 patients diagnosed with f-HP upon re-evaluation within a multidisciplinary team discussion of 295 consecutive patients (January 2012 to December 2017) who had been diagnosed initially with IPF at outside facilities and were referred to our centres.ResultsPirfenidone was initially administered to 14 (46.7%) patients and nintedanib to 16 (53.3%) patients. There were 26 (86.7%) males, with mean±sd age 70.2±8.4 years. The annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) % predicted over the 3-year treatment period adjusted for baseline FVC % pred measurement was 4.2% (95% CI 1.9–6.6%, p=0.001) and 7.5% (95% CI 3.3–11.7%; p=0.001) in imputation analysis. The annual rate of decline in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) % predicted throughout the 3-year treatment period adjusted for baseline DLCO % pred was 5.7% (95% CI 3.1–8.4%, p<0.001) and 5.8% (95% CI 3.4–8.1%, p<0.001) in imputation analysis. The nature of adverse events was related to the type of antifibrotic agent administered.ConclusionIn patients with f-HP receiving antifibrotics there is a statistically significant annual decline in FVC % pred and DLCO % pred over a period of 3 years. Prospective randomised trials exceeding 1 year are warranted to determine the long-term efficacy of antifibrotics.
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Jean, Arché. „Is Foreign Aid Working? The Impact of Foreign Aid on Savings, Investment, and Economic Growth in Haiti“. Applied Finance and Accounting 1, Nr. 1 (26.02.2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v1i1.646.
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Despite increases in foreign aid inflow to Haiti, the country remains one of the poorest in the world. Findings regarding the benefits of foreign aid have been inconsistent. The purpose of this quantitative, archival study was to examine the extent to which total foreign aid explained gross domestic savings, gross domestic investment, and GDP growth rates in Haiti from 1975 to 2010 after 3-year, 4-year, and 5-year time lags. Foreign aid was disaggregated into grants and concessional loans. Data were drawn from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development from 1970 to 2010. To analyze the extent to which total foreign aid predicted gross domestic savings and gross domestic investment, weighted least squares regression analyses were conducted, with per capita income, interest rates, and inflation rates as covariates. To examine the degree to which total foreign aid predicted GDP growth rates, multiple linear regression analyses were conducted, with consumption, government spending, gross domestic investment, and net trade balance as covariates. Foreign aid did not predict gross domestic savings for 3-year time lag, F (5, 30) = 1.32, p =.28; 4-year time lag, F (5, 30) = 1.24, p =.32, or 5-year time lag, F(5,30) = 1.30, p =.15. Foreign aid did not predict gross domestic investment for 3-year time lag, F(5, 30) = 1.49, p =.22; 4-year time lag, F(5,30)= 1.73, p =.16, or 5-year time lag, F(5, 30) = 2.29, p =.07. Foreign aid did not predict GDP growth rates for 3-year time lag, F(6, 29), p =.44; 4-year time lag, F(6, 29) = 1.11, p =.38, or 5-year time lag F(6, 29) = 0.83, p =.56. Findings showed that foreign aid inflows to Haiti have not predicted improved economic development. Future research should focus on determining the relationship between foreign aid and government investment in infrastructure, education, health, and social projects. The discussion should shift from whether foreign aid flows to developing countries are effective to how to make the allocation of foreign aid inflows more effective. The result would be improved use of the inflow of foreign aid and improved economic and social progress in developing nations.
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Greever, Cory J., John Sirard und Sofiya Alhassan. „Objective Analysis of Preschoolers’ Physical Activity Patterns During Free Playtime“. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 12, Nr. 9 (September 2015): 1253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2014-0307.
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Background:The purpose of this study was to examine the temporal patterns of preschoolers’ physical activity (PA) levels during a typical outdoor free playtime.Methods:Baseline playtime accelerometer counts (4.3 ± 0.8 days) from 3 preschool PA intervention studies were used (n = 326 children, age = 4.0 ± 0.8 years). Data were collected using 15-second epochs and classified into sedentary, light, or moderate-tovigorous physical activity (MVPA). Patterns of change during playtime were analyzed using orthogonal polynomial comparisons.Results:For all ages, there was a U-shaped pattern of change for the percent of epochs classified as sedentary [F(1, 323) = 47.12, P < .001) and an inverted U-shaped pattern of change for the percent of epochs classified as MVPA [F(1,323) = 32.15, P < .001]. Age-stratified analyses indicated that the 3-year-olds maintained the decrease in sedentary time [F(2,323) = 6.408, P = .002] and the increase in MVPA [F(2,323) = 3.2, P = .04] to a greater extent than the 4- and 5-year-olds.Conclusions:Preschool children gradually became more active during the first 10 to 15 minutes of outdoor gross motor playtime and less active over the final 10 to 15 minutes of playtime. During the second half of playtime 3-year-olds maintained these changes to a greater degree than 4- and 5-year-olds.
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Mahon, K., S. N. Garland, J. Tulk, J. Rash, M. Seal und K. Laing. „1037 One Year Trajectory of Insomnia and Comorbid Symptoms in Women With Early Stage Breast Cancer“. Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1033.
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Abstract Introduction Insomnia symptoms are a common problem and are often comorbid with hot flashes, fatigue, anxiety, and depression following a breast cancer diagnosis. The present study examined changes in insomnia severity and comorbid symptoms in the year following diagnosis. Methods This study is part of a larger prospective observational cohort study of 100 women with early stage breast cancer. Insomnia symptoms were measured using the Insomnia Severity Index, fatigue was measured using the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form, anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and hot flashes were assessed using the Hot Flash Related Daily Interference Scale. Assessments were performed shortly after diagnosis, 4, 8, and 12 months. A series of repeated measures within subjects ANOVAs were performed to assess changes in symptoms over time. Results Among 100 women with breast cancer, 45% reported at least mild insomnia symptoms. There were significant quadratic effects of time on insomnia severity, F(3, 297)= 12.776, p ≤ .001, depression (F[3, 297]= 4.409, p = .005), and fatigue (F[3, 297]= 7.995, p ≤ .001). These symptoms initially worsen and then improve throughout the year, but they do not rebound to pre-treatment levels. Interference from hot flashes worsens and endures for longer than other symptoms but does begin to show improvement one year post-diagnosis (F[3, 297]= 12.110, p ≤ .001). The were no time effects for anxiety (F[3, 297] = 1.4, p = .243). Conclusion In general, women treated for breast cancer can expect insomnia and comorbid symptoms to worsen then improve, but not recover, during the first year after a breast cancer diagnosis. Early efforts to educate women and manage symptoms could prevent insomnia and other issues from becoming persistent problems. Support Dr. Garland is supported by a Scotiabank New Investigator Award and seed funding from the Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute (BHCRI).
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Chang, Scott X., Gordon F. Weetman und Caroline M. Preston. „Soil microbial biomass and microbial and mineralizable N in a clear-cut chronosequence on northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia“. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 25, Nr. 10 (01.10.1995): 1595–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x95-174.
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We studied the dynamics of microbial biomass and nitrogen in old-growth forests and in 3- and 10-year-old plantations established after clear-cutting and slash burning of old-growth western red cedar (Thujaplicata Donn ex D. Don)–western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) stands on northern Vancouver Island. Ten-year-old plantations, after initially growing well, were experiencing declining growth rates. Three forest floor layers: F (fermentation), woody F (Fw), and H (humus) were sampled four times in May, July, August, and October of 1992. Moisture content was significantly greater in the old-growth forests than in the plantations for F on July 16 (p < 0.05) and Fw (p < 0.10), but was not significantly different for H. Microbial biomass C and N were relatively constant throughout the sampling period, resulting in nonsignificant date effects. Microbial C content was in the order: old-growth forests > 10-year-old plantations > 3-year-old plantations. Microbial N content was significantly greater in the old-growth forest than in the young plantations for both F (p < 0.001) and H (p < 0.05) but was not different between the plantations. Therefore, the hypothesis that the microbial biomass acted as a net sink in the 10-year-old plantations by immobilizing N into the microbial N pool is rejected. Microbial C/N ratios were greater (p < 0.05) in the 10-year-old plantations than in the old-growth forests and in the 3-year-old plantations in H and on July 16 in F, indicating that microbial competition for N was probably a factor in the growth declining in the 10-year-old plantations. Extractable C and N and mineralizable N were generally higher in the old-growth forests than in the 3-year-old plantations and higher in the 3-year-old than in the 10-year-old plantations. As a result of better nutritional conditions, tree and understory foliage in the 3-year-old plantations had higher N concentrations and lower C/N ratios than in the 10-year-old plantations. Trees in the 10-year-old plantations displayed chlorotic symptoms and slow growth which were not observed in the 3-year-old plantations.
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Ripa, Louis W., Gary S. Leske, Francine Forte und Andre Varma. „Caries inhibition of mixed NaF-Na2PO3F dentifrices containing 1,000 and 2,500 ppm F: 3-year results“. Journal of the American Dental Association 116, Nr. 1 (Januar 1988): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1988.0179.
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Lippmann, Norman, Stefanie Petzold-Quinque, Manuela Siekmeyer, Wieland Kieß und Luise Wolf. „A Fulminant Case of Haemophilus influenzae Serotype F Meningitis in an Immunocompetent 3-Year-Old Boy“. Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 14, Nr. 03 (13.09.2017): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1606341.
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AbstractOf all encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae (Hi), serotype b (Hib) is considered as the potentially most virulent one for children. After vaccination was introduced in the 1990s, the incidence of this serotype has dropped dramatically. Other encapsulated forms such as Hi serotype a, c, d, e, f (Hia-Hif) are diagnosed rarely and mostly affect vulnerable patient groups. As serotyping is not performed routinely, the number of unreported cases is estimated to be even higher. Whereas several cases of Hif disease in children with favorable outcome were published, a 3-year-old boy diagnosed with this serotype died at our hospital despite initial antimicrobial therapy.
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Lutgens, Danyael, Ridha Joober, Srividya Iyer, Martin Lepage, Ross Norman, Norbert Schmitz, Sally Mustafa, Sherezad Abadi und Ashok Malla. „Progress of negative symptoms over the initial 5 years of a first episode of psychosis“. Psychological Medicine 49, Nr. 1 (14.03.2018): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329171800048x.
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AbstractBackgroundSpecialized early intervention (EI) following a first episode of psychosis (FEP) are effective at reducing negative symptoms, although its trajectory warrants systematic assessment. However, findings are equivocal as to whether extended gains are made post 2 years of EI and whether there is additional benefit of extending EI for an additional 3 years.MethodsData on 178 FEP patients, from a randomized controlled trial of a 3-year extension of EI service v. transfer to regular care following 2 years of EI service, were used for this report. Repeated measures analysis of variance were conducted separately for the initial 2 years of treatment in an EI service, and for the 3-year post-randomization to examine trajectories of negative symptoms over the two periods in the two arms of the study.ResultsThere were significant improvements in total negative symptoms over the first 2 years of EI F(4.612, 797.905) = 25.263, p < 0.001 and in domains of ‘expressivity’ and ‘motivation’. In the following 3 years, there were further significant improvements in negative symptoms F(4.318, 759.908) = 4.182, p = 0.002 with no difference between groups F(4.318, 759.908) = 1.073, p = 0.371. Changes in negative symptoms over the extension period were driven by expressivity F(4.01, 674.73) = 7.19, p < 0.01, but not motivation F(6.58, 1112.18) = 0.95, p = 0.46.ConclusionNegative symptoms improve significantly over the first 2 years of EI. Subsequent amelioration was largely the result of expressivity. Motivation deficits remained stable. Extended EI offered no advantage over regular care post-randomization.
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Simeakis, George Konstantinou, Ioanna Patinioti, Elli Anagnostou, Evangelia Zapanti, Vasiliki Vasileiou, Antonis Polymeris, Katerina Saltiki, Eleni Anastasiou, Maria Alevizaki und Marina Mitropoulou. „Association of serum calcitonin levels with multinodular thyroid disease: 10-year single center experience“. Problems of Endocrinology 62, Nr. 5 (22.09.2016): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl201662554.
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Background. From 2005 to 2015 routine calcitonin (CT) screening was performed in our department in all patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) using the same assay.Aim. We investigated possible associations between unstimulated serum CT levels and the presence of either thyroid autoimmunity (AITD) or thyroid neoplasia.Methods. This is a retrospective study of 648 patients (559 female [F] 86.3%, 89 male [M] 13.7%, age range 18-89, median 58 years,). CT≤4.6 pg/ml [F] and ≤11.5 pg/ml [M] was defined as normal. Patients were stratified into 4 groups according to CT. Group1: CT<0.05 (undetectable), Group2: CT [F&M] within normal range, Group3: CT:4.7-10 [F] & 11.6-20 [M], Group4: CT>10 [F] & >20 [M]. Furthermore patients were subcategorized in those with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (AITD) and those without (non-AITD).Results. The distribution of patients was: Group1: n=186 (28.7%), Group2: n=422 (65.1%), Group3: n=29 (4.5%), Group4: n=11 (1.7%). Of the patients with AITD history 23.4% belonged to Group1, 68.6% to Group2, 6.4% to Group3 and 1.6% to Group4 (x2, p=0.037). Forty seven patients (7.3%) underwent total thyroidectomy. Histopathological examination revealed: Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) n=3 (3/3 Group4), C-Cell Hyperplasia (CCH) n=5 (3/5 Group3, 2/5 Group4), Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) n=17 (7/17 Group1, 10/17 Group2), MNG n=22 (8/22 Group1, 10/22 Group2, 2/22 Group3, 2/22 Group4). 2/5 patients with CCH had PTC. 1/17 PTC patient had mixed PTC-MTC. Patients with MTC had remarkably higher CT levels (253-1222 pg/ml) compared to those with CCH (5.8-16.1 pg/ml).Conclusions. This study reaffirms the positive correlation between CT levels and the presence of MTC or CCH, clearly and conspicuously distinguished by the range of CT levels, albeit in a small number of patients with these diagnoses. Patients with AITD have more frequently detectable or slightly increased CT levels.
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Fedyanin, Mikhail, Alexey Tryakin, Elena Denisova, Anatoly Bulanov, Tatiana Zakharova, Vsevolod B. Matveev, Konstantin Figurin, Avgust Garin und Sergei Tjulandin. „Compliance with follow-up (f.-up) program and outcome of patients (pts) with stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2012): e15025-e15025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e15025.
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e15025 Background: There are limited data about f.-up quality of pts with stage I NSGCT after orchiectomy (OE) management and their survival. A retrospective analysis was performed to find the impact of compliance with schedule of f.-up on outcome of relapsed pts with stage I NSGCT. Methods: We analyzed data of 261 pts with stage I GCT treated in our department from 1994 to 2010. NSGCT was revealed in 128 (49%) pts. Therapeutic options following OE comprised retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) – in 4/128 (3%), adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CT) - in 75/128 (58%) and surveillance - in 49/128 (39%). The following procedures were performed in our center during the f.-up: ultrasound of the abdomen and pelvis, serum AFP, HCG and LDH – bimonthly in the 1st year, quarterly in the 2nd year, biannually in the 3rd-4th years and then annually; X-Ray of the chest – thrice-yearly in the 1st year, biannually on the 2nd year and then annually. Median f.-up time was 75 (range 16 - 176) months. Results: No pts had relapse after RPLND, 4/75 (5,3%) pts had relapses after CT, 16/49 (32%) pts – in surveillance group. 17/20 (85%) relapses were revealed in the first 2 years of f.-up. During relapses, 17/20 (85%) pts had good, 2/20 (10%) - intermediate and 1 patient - poor IGCCCG prognosis. The mean number of visits in the 1st year after OE was 3, on the 2nd year -1,4, in the 3rd- 4th years - 1 per year. All relapsed pts received induction CT (EP or BEP regimen). 11/20 (55%) pts were compliant to visits, 9/20 (45%) pts were not. The 5-years overall survival was 90% and 68% (p=0,3); the median size of metastases in RPLN was 2,2 and 5,5 cm (p=0,001), respectively. All pts in intermediate and poor prognosis were in the noncompliant group, whereas all pts, who were compliant were in good prognosis (3/9 (33%) vs 0/11 (0%), p=0,07). Moreover, surgical removal of residual tumor after induction CT was more often performed in the noncompliant group (5/11 (33%) vs 5/9 (71%), р=0.6). Conclusions: Poor compliance with f.-up program in stage I NSGCT results to non significant worse long-term outcome. Also pts, who were compliant had significantly smaller size of metastases in retroperitoneal lymph nodes at relapse and had good IGCCCG prognosis in all case.
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Akudjedu, Theophilus, Giulia Tronchin, Shane McInerney, Cathy Scanlon, Joanne Kenney, John McFarland, Gareth Barker et al. „T155. PROGRESSION OF NEUROANATOMICAL ABNORMALITIES AFTER FIRST-EPISODE OF PSYCHOSIS: A 3-YEAR LONGITUDINAL STRUCTURAL MRI STUDY“. Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S289—S290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa029.715.
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Abstract Background The extent and location of longitudinal morphometric changes after first-episode of psychosis (FEP) remains unclear. We investigated the progressive profile of ventricular and cortico-subcortical regions over a 3-year period in FEP patients compared with healthy controls (HC), and whether any progressive neuroanatomical changes were related to clinical factors. Methods High resolution 1.5T T1-weighted MR images were obtained from 28 FEP patients and 28 HCs shortly after presentation to services and again after 3-year follow-up. The longitudinal FreeSurfer pipeline (v.5.3.0) was used for regional volumetric and cortical reconstruction image analyses. Repeated-measures ANCOVA and vertex-wise linear regression analyses were used to compare progressive changes in relation to subcortical structures/ventricles and thickness across the cortical mantle, respectively, between groups. Partial correlations were used to determine associations of progressive neuroanatomical change with clinical and functional characteristics. Results Compared with controls, patients displayed progressively reduced volume of the caudate [F(1,51)=5.86, p=0.02, Hedges’ g=0.66], putamen [F(1,51)=6.06, p=0.02, g=0.67] and thalamus [F(1,51)=6.99, p=0.01, g=0.72], with a trend for increased lateral ventricular volume [F(1,51)=3.37, p=0.07, g=0.50] more prominent on the right [F(1, 51)=4.03, p=0.05], and significantly increased rate of cortical thinning [F(1,52)=5.11, p=0.028)] at a mean difference of 0.844% [95% CI (0.095, 1.593)] in the left lateral orbitofrontal region (LLOFR) over the 3-year period. In FEP individuals, greater reduction in putamen volume over time was associated with low cumulative antipsychotic medication dose (r=0.49, p=0.01), and increasing lateral ventricular volume over time was associated with worsening negative symptoms (r=0.41, p=0.04) and poorer global assessment of functioning (r=-0.41, p=0.04). Discussion Our results demonstrate existence of localised progressive structural disturbance in the subnetwork of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuitry after the onset of psychosis. Furthermore, increasing ventricular volume is a neuroanatomical marker of poorer clinical and functional outcome. These findings lend weight to the evidence of early progressive brain changes in psychotic disorders and thus, this knowledge could potentially contribute to the identification of imaging biomarkers for timely intervention.
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Overholtz, William J., Michael P. Sissenwine und Stephen H. Clark. „Recruitment Variability and Its Implication for Managing and Rebuilding the Georges Bank Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Stock“. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, Nr. 4 (01.04.1986): 748–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-092.
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The Georges Bank haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) fishery has fluctuated dramatically since the early 1960's. Abundance declined from the mid-1960's to the mid-1970's, partially recovered, and has declined again since 1980. In general, poor year-classes have been associated with a low spawning biomass although the relationship is variable. The fishery was simulated by using the Baranov catch equation, constant growth and natural mortality, and stochastic levels of recruitment whose probabilities correspond to historic patterns in the stock and recruitment data. Simulations suggest a low probability for stock recovery and improved yield under current conditions (F ≈ 0.5). Recovery time increased with increases in fishing mortality (F), and beyond F = 0.40 recovery is unlikely within 25 yr. With recruitment of a very large year-class (100 million fish) an initial strategy providing for a relatively low level of F(= 0.10) for 3−5 yr, followed by exploitation at historically sustainable levels (F = 0.35), would result in stock recovery. With recruitment of a smaller year-class (50 million fish) low initial levels (F = 0.10) and subsequent management at or near F0.1 (F = 0.26) would be required to initiate stock recovery and reasonable harvest levels in future years.
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Friedland, M. „Hallux valgus, Togstag Sandelin (according to ref. In Zentr. F. Ch., 1926, no. 21)“. Kazan medical journal 22, Nr. 8 (04.09.2021): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj78626.
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Under this name, the deviation of the hallux outward by 20 and more, Togstag Sandelin (according to the ref. In Zentr. F. Ch., 1926, No. 21) examined 3200 feet, and found hallux valgus at the age of 3-6 years in 10% In 20-year-olds, in 37%, in 60-year-olds, in 60%, on average, in 30%.
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Begic, D., S. Bise, O. Cemalovic und B. Kurtovic. „P.3.f.008 Polytherapy versus monotherapy in hospitalised patients with schizophrenia during a one-year period“. European Neuropsychopharmacology 24 (Oktober 2014): S570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(14)70913-7.
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Hassell, Richard L., Robert J. Dufault, Tyron Phillips und Teri A. Hale. „Influence of Temperature Gradients on Pale and Purple Coneflower, Feverfew, and Valerian Germination“. HortTechnology 14, Nr. 3 (Januar 2004): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.14.3.0368.
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Seeds of pale coneflower (Echinacea pallida), purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium), and valerian (Valeriana officinalis), classified as “old” (1-year-old seed) or “fresh” (seed crop produced in the current year), were germinated at 62, 65, 69, 72, 75, 78, 82, 85, 89, and 92 °F, (16.7, 18.3, 20.6, 22.2, 23.9, 25.6, 27.8, 29.4, 31.6, and 33.3 °C). The optimum germination temperature, defined in this study as the temperature range within which the percent germination is greatest in the shortest period of time, was determined. Old and fresh pale coneflower seed germinated optimally after 5 days at 69 °F. Old purple coneflower seed required 5 d at 78 to 82 °F, but fresh seed germinated optimally after 3 days at 75 °F. Old feverfew germinated optimally after 5 days at 65 °F, but fresh seed germinated to its optimum after 5 days at 69 °F. Old and fresh valerian seed germinated to its optimum after 3 days at 75 °F.
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Haapala, Irja, Noël C. Barengo, Simon Biggs, Leena Surakka und Pirjo Manninen. „Weight loss by mobile phone: a 1-year effectiveness study“. Public Health Nutrition 12, Nr. 12 (27.03.2009): 2382–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005230.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the short- and long-term effectiveness and the predictors of weight loss in a mobile phone weight-loss programme among healthy overweight adults.DesignOne hundred and twenty-five healthy, overweight (BMI = 26–36 kg/m2), 25–44-year-old, screened volunteers were randomized to an experimental group (n 62) to use a mobile phone-operated weight-loss programme or to a control group (n 63) with no intervention. Via text messaging, the programme instructed a staggered reduction of food intake and daily weight reporting with immediate tailored feedback. Assessments were at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months for the experimental group; at 0 and 12 months for the control group. Main outcome variables were changes in body weight and waist circumference.ResultsBy 12 months the experimental group had lost significantly more weight than the control group (4·5 (sd 5·0) v. 1·1 (sd 5·8) kg; F(1,80) = 8·0, P = 0·006) and had a greater reduction in waist circumference (6·3 (sd 5·3) v. 2·4 (sd 5·4) cm; F(1,80) = 55·2, P = 0·0001). Early weight loss, self-efficacy, contact frequency, attitudes towards the medium, changes in work and family life and changes made in dietary habits were the strongest predictors of weight loss.ConclusionsThis mobile phone weight-loss programme was effective in short- and long-term weight loss. As a minimum-advice, maximal-contact programme, it offers ideas for future weight-loss programmes.
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SINITSYNA, V. G., T. P. ARSOV, A. Y. ALAVERDIAN, S. S. BORISOV, R. M. MIRZAFATIKOV, S. I. NIKOLSKY, V. Y. SINITSYNA, G. F. PLATONOV und J. N. CAPDEVIELLE. „ENERGY SPECTRUM OF VERY HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-QUANTA FROM CYGNUS X-3 IN YEAR 2003“. International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, Nr. 29 (20.11.2005): 7023–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05030740.
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The observational data for the Galactic source Cygnus X-3 collected with the SHALON mirror Cherenkov telescope are presented. The Cygnus X-3 binary have been regularly observed since 1995 with the average γ-ray flux F (E > 0.8 TeV ) = (6.8 ± 0.7) × 10-13 cm -2 s -1. The flux in year 2003 was (1.79 ± 0.33) × 10-12 cm -2 s -1. Earlier, in 1997, an increase of the flux was also observed.
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Cantieni, Reto. „One-Year Monitoring of a Historic Bell Tower“. Key Engineering Materials 628 (August 2014): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.628.73.
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In 2003, people working in the San Luzi, Zuoz, bell tower reported excessive tower vibrations when ringing bells. Zuoz is a village in the Upper Engadin Valley, Switzerland. Measurements performed in 2004 showed a maximum tower vibration velocity amplitude of 16 mm/s which is more than five times the acceptable value ([1], [2], [3]). In 2008 the two large bells (out of four) were equipped with cranked yokes and their pendulum frequency was reduced to get a larger distance to the tower natural frequency. Measuring again in 2009 yielded the two large bells no longer exciting large tower vibrations. However, this was not true for bell No. 3. Subsequently, this bell's pendulum frequency was also reduced. In 2011, measurements showed that this last measure had negative instead of positive effects. And, now disposing of three values, the tower natural fundamental frequency was found to be somewhere in the f = 1.43...1.50 Hz region. It was then decided to monitor the tower dynamic behavior for one year to get reliable information on the natural frequency scatter. Monitoring started June 11, 2012, and ended October 7, 2013. The results: a) The tower fundamental frequency varied in an f = 1.42...1.59 Hz range, b) The tower is stiffer in winter than in summer, c) On a daily or weekly schedule, the tower fundamental frequency is following the temperature curve: increasing stiffness with increasing temperature and vice versa. A possible explanation for this contradiction is given. Due to space restrictions, also monitored bell ringing excited tower vibrations can not be discussed here.
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Seran, Adrianus Marselus, Ali Warsito und Jehunias L. Tanesib. „ANALISIS KEMUNCULAN SPREAD F DI ATAS KUPANG“. Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya 4, Nr. 1 (04.08.2019): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/fisa.v4i1.1430.
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Abstrak
Telah dilakukan dilakukan penelitian tentang kemunculan spread F di atas Kupang dengan menggunakan data hasil scalling ionogram pada tahun 2013 hingga 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kerakteristik kejadian spread F dan variasi tipe kemunculan spread F berdasarkan klimatologi kemunculannya yang berdampak pada perambatan gelombang radio High Frequency (HF;3-30 MHz) dan sistem navigasi berbasis satelit yang dikenal Global Navigation Satelit System (GNSS). Kemunculan spread F mempunyai korelasi dengan kejadian sintilasi yang bersumber dari aktivitas matahari dan gelombang gravitasi yang umunya terjadi pada malam hari (18.00-06.00) LST. Hasil analisis kemunculan Spread F pada periode tahun 2013-2015 menunjukan bahwa kemunculan spead F tertinggi di tahun 2014 dengan tipe spread F frekuensi karena pada periode tahun 2014 masih merupakan puncak siklus matahari ke 24 meskipun dikatakan siklus terlemah atau aktivitas mataharinya sangat minimum namun gangguan aktivitas matahari seperti flare dan CME awal bulan pertengahan bulan tahun 2014 sangat tinggi intensiasnya yang menimbulkan gangguan geomagnet pada lapisan ionosfer sangat besar dimana tipe spread F frekuensi disebabkan oleh gangguan geomagnet. Intensitas kejadian spread F terjadi di pertengahan tahun yakni bulan Juni dibandingkan dengan bulan-bulan awal dan akhir tahun yang tingkat kemunculannya rendah terutama pada fase ekuinoks. Jumlah kemunculan spread F maksimum terjadi pada tengah malam (22.00-03.00) LST dan minimum di awal dan di akhir malam. Analisis dalam domain frekuensi dengan menggunakan metode Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), menunjukan bahwa adanya kemunculan spread F selama 3 tahun (36 bulan) terjadi rentang waktu 200 hingga 600 hari. Frekuensi kemunculan spread F untuk tiap tahunnya adalah 0,1 sampai 0,2 perhari. Informasi ini menunjukan bahwa intensitas kemunculan spread F yang dapat mengganggu perambatang pelombang radio pada lapisan ionosfer di atas wilayah Kupang masih rendah dengan periode kejadian yaitu 365 hari atau 1 tahun selama 3 tahun (2013-2015) dan dapat digunakan sebagai indicator peluang kejadian spread F setiap tahunnya.
Kata kunci: Spread F; FFT; Kupang
Abstract
Research has been conducted on the emergence of the distribution of F above Kupang by using scaling ionogram data from 2013 to 2015. This study aims to study the characteristics of F distribution events and variations in the type of occurrence of F distribution based on their climatology appearance used in High Frequency radio wave moorings (HF ; 3-30 MHz) and a satellite-based navigation system called the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The appearance of spread F has an interaction with the scintillation event that originates from the activity of the sun and the wave of release that occurs at night (18.00-06.00) LST. The results of the analysis of the emergence of the F spread in the period 2013-2015 indicate that the appearance of the highest F spead in 2014 with the type of spread F frequency in the period of 2014 is still the peak of the 24th solar cycle which is expected to be protected or used by the minimum sun to be used to monitor solar activity such as flares and CME at the beginning of the middle of 2014 is very high, which causes geomagnetic disturbances in the ionospheric layer to be very large where the frequency F type spread is related to geomagnetic interference. The intensity of diffuse F events occurs in the middle of the year in June compared to the initial and end of the year with a low rate of occurrence in the equinox phase. The maximum number of occurrences of the F spread occurs at midnight (10:00 p.m.: 00: 00) LST and minimum at the beginning and end of the night. Analysis in the domain using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, showed that there were occurrences that spread F for 3 years (36 months) occurring in the range 200 to 600 days. The frequency of occurrence of spread F for each semester is 0.1 to 0.2 per day. This information shows that the intensity of the spread of occurrence of F that can be carried out by radio waves in the ionospheric layer above the Kupang region is still low with an event period of 365 days or 1 year for 3 years (2013-2015) and can be used as an Annual indicator.
Keywords: Spread F; FFT; Kupang
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Ahlgrimm, Manfred, Michael Pfreundschuh, Markus Kreuz, Evi Regitz, Klaus-Dieter Preuss und Joerg Bittenbring. „The impact of Fc-γ receptor polymorphisms in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP with or without rituximab“. Blood 118, Nr. 17 (27.10.2011): 4657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-04-346411.
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Abstract Fcγ receptor (FcγR) polymorphisms have been shown to affect rituximab-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Of 512 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the RICOVER-60 trial, carriers of FcγRIII 158 valine homozygous receptors (V/V) presented with a slightly decreased incidence of B-symptoms (158 V/V: 26%, V/F: 35%, phenylalanine receptors [F/F]: 42%; P = .037). Survival curves of all FcγR single nucleotide polymorphisms were superimposable after cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP); but after CHOP with rituximab (R-CHOP), event-free survival (EFS) and progression-free survival (PFS), but not overall survival, of FcγRIIIa 158 F/F had a trend to be lower than those of 158 V/F and 158 V/V: 3-year EFS: FcγRIIIa 158 F/F: 64.5%, 158 V/F: 70.2%, 158 V/V: 76.9% (log-rank test: P = .224 F/F vs V/V; P = .285 F/F vs V/F + V/V); 3-year PFS: FcγRIIIa 158 F/F: 68.3%, V/F: 76.1%, V/V: 80.5% (log-rank test: P = .233 for F/F vs V/V; P = .185 for F/F vs V/F + V/V). By multivariate analysis adjusting for International Prognostic Index factors, relative risk of F/F compared with V/F plus V/V was 1.80 (P = .052) for PFS and 1.55 (P = .120) for EFS. The interaction of R-CHOP, but not CHOP with FcγRIIIa polymorphisms, indicates a window of opportunity for CD20 antibodies designed to mediate enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
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Das, Subal, und Kaushik Bose. „Prevalence of Thinness among Santal Preschool Children Using New Body Mass Index Cut-Off Points“. Journal of Anthropology 2011 (22.12.2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/602782.
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A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of undernutrition using body mass index (BMI) among 2–6-year Santal preschool children of Purulia District, West Bengal, India. A total of 251 (116 boys and 135 girls) children from 12 villages were measured. Commonly used indicators, that is, weight, height, and BMI, were used to evaluate the nutritional status. More boys (59.5%) than girls (53.3%), based on BMI, were undernourished. Significant age differences in weight (F=44.29∗∗∗; df=3), height (F=58.48∗∗∗; df=3), and BMI (F=3.52∗∗∗; df=3) among boys were observed. Similarly, significant differences between ages in mean weight (F=56.27∗∗∗; df=3), height (F=64.76∗∗∗; df=3), and BMI (F=2.62∗∗∗; df=3) were observed among the girls. The present study revealed that the nutritional status of the preschool children of Santal tribal community of these villages was poor with very high rate of thinness in boys and girls (59.5% and 53.3%, resp.).
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Ahmedbeyli, R. M., A. M. Safarov, F. Y. Mamedov, C. R. Ahmedbeyli und N. N. Kononkova. „Influence of fluorinated and iodized salt on mineral composition of deciduous teeth formed in biogeochemical deficiency of fluoride and iodide“. Kazan medical journal 97, Nr. 4 (15.08.2016): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2015-565.
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Aim. To study the content of Ca, P, F and I in enamel and dentin composition of deciduous teeth, which are formed in fluoride and iodide deficiency, and its dynamics on the background of the 3-year consumption of fluorinated and iodized salt.Methods. The mineral composition of the deciduous teeth enamel and dentin of 6-12 years old children, born and living in conditions of biogeochemical deficiency of fluoride (0.02-0.08 ppm F in water) and iodide (0.033-0.005 ppm I in water) before and after consumption of fluorinated and iodized salt containing sodium fluoride 300±50 ppm F and potassium iodate 40±10 ppm I was studied. The first phase of the study was conducted before inclusion of fluorinated-iodized salt in the diet of schoolchildren. Using X-ray microanalysis, macro- and microelements of 47 intact deciduous teeth were studied. The contents of the four elements (Ca, P, F, and I) in three layers of enamel (the surface layer, intermediate layer, at the enamel-dentin border) and in three layers of the dentine (the layer at the enamel-dentin border, a middle layer, circumpulpal layer). The second phase of a study on the mineral composition of the enamel and dentin was conducted 3 years after the beginning of fluorinated and iodized salt consumption. 51 deciduous intact tooth were investigated.Results. 3-year consumption of table salt with the addition of sodium fluoride and potassium iodate has led to a significant increase in calcium, phosphorus in the enamel of the all teeth groups. The highest content of fluorine was registered in the molars where the level of fluorine increased by 2.08 times from baseline. The fluorine level in canines increased by 1.76 times from baseline, in incisors - by 1.69 times. The iodine content in the enamel increased approximately 2-fold (incisors - 1.77 times, canines - 1.89 times, molars - 1.85 times), in the dentin, depending on the teeth groups, increase in the studied parameter was by 3.12-3.51 times.Conclusion. 3-year consumption of fluorinated and iodized salt containing sodium fluoride 300±50 ppm F and potassium iodate 40±10 ppm I stimulates increasing the content of Ca, P, F and I in the enamel and the dentin of deciduous teeth formed in fluoride and iodide deficiency.
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Moraes, Samanta Mascarenhas, Juliano Pelim Pessan, Irene Ramires und Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf. „Fluoride intake from regular and low fluoride dentifrices by 2-3-year-old children: influence of the dentifrice flavor“. Brazilian Oral Research 21, Nr. 3 (September 2007): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242007000300008.
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This study evaluated the fluoride intake from dentifrices with different fluoride concentrations ([F]) by children aged 24-36 months, as well as the influence of the dentifrice flavor in the amount of fluoride ingested during toothbrushing. Thirty-three children were randomly divided into 3 groups, according to the [F] in the dentifrices: G-A (523 µgF/g), G-B (1,062 µgF/g) and G-C (1,373 µgF/g). Dentifrices A and B are marketed for children, while dentifrice C is a regular product. The amount of F ingested was indirectly obtained, subtracting the amount expelled and the amount left on the toothbrush from the amount initially loaded onto the brush. The results were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey's test and linear regression analysis (p < 0.05). Children ingested around 60% of the dentifrice loaded onto the brush, but no significant differences were seen among the groups (p > 0.05). Mean daily fluoride intake from dentifrice for G-A, G-B and G-C was 0.022ª, 0.032ª and 0.061b mg F/kg body weight, respectively (p < 0.01). There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.86, p < 0.0001) between the amount of dentifrice used and the amount of fluoride ingested during toothbrushing. The results indicate the need for instructing children's parents and care givers to use a small amount of dentifrice (< 0.3 g) to avoid excessive ingestion of fluoride. The use of low-[F] dentifrices by children younger than 6 years also seems to be a good alternative to minimize fluoride intake. Dentifrice flavor did not influence the percentage of fluoride intake.
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Gunawan, Gunawan, und Asep Rohandi. „The Effect of Manure Fertilizer Dose and Intercroppingon growth of 3 year old teak (Tectona grandis. L. f)“. Jurnal Agroforestri Indonesia 2, Nr. 2 (Dezember 2019): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jai.2019.2.2.63-74.
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Rosenthal, Allison Claire, Matthew J. Maurer, Cristine Allmer, Stephen Maxted Ansell, Umar Farooq, Thomas Matthew Habermann, Brian K. Link et al. „Health behaviors in survivors of aggressive NHL.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, Nr. 3_suppl (20.01.2016): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.236.
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236 Background: Patients (pts) with aggressive lymphoma are generally treated with curative intent and many become long-term survivors. There is little data on health behaviors after lymphoma diagnosis and their effect on QOL and long-term outcomes. Methods: Lymphoma pts were prospectively enrolled within 9 months of diagnosis in the University of Iowa/Mayo Clinic SPORE Molecular Epidemiology Resource (MER) and systematically followed. We measured QOL (FACT-G) and health behaviors (tobacco/alcohol use; diet/exercise habits) 3 years after diagnosis. For this study, “survivor” was defined as alive at 3 years from diagnosis with no active disease or treatment within the previous year. Results: From 2002-2012, 671 patients with aggressive lymphoma were enrolled, met survivor definition, and completed 3-year QOL and health behavior questionnaires. At 3-years, 31% of female (F) and 48% of male (M) reported a history of tobacco use for 6+ months. Of these, 13% of F and 7% of M were still smoking; 52% reported decreased use from baseline. 66% reported no change in alcohol intake at 3-years while 25% of F and 34% of M reported decreased intake. 60% often chose whole grains and 65% get 2+ servings of vegetables daily. 42% of F and 38% of M “somewhat” believed diet could change the course of their lymphoma. Most pts endorsed no significant change in diet as a result of diagnosis. Those who made changes did so primarily out of concern for “health problems other than cancer”. Overweight/obese responders were 72% pre- and 66% post-treatment. A desire to lose weight was reported by 55% of pts. 14% of F and 23% of M often engaged in regular physical activity (PA). Nearly 50% reported a decrease in PA. Pts with advanced stage (p = 0.006), age > 60 (p = 0.001), ECOG PS > 2 (p = 0.04), and worse prognostic score (p = 0.006) were more likely to report decreased PA since diagnosis. 68% of F and 61% of M intend to become more active in the next months. Regular PA (p = < 0.0001) was associated with higher QOL, while increased alcohol intake was associated with lower QOL (p = 0.009) at 3 years. Conclusions: Many survivors of aggressive NHL strive to adopt healthy behaviors and these behaviors are associated with higher QOL. Interventions aimed at emphasizing these behaviors may have potential to improve long-term outcomes and QOL.
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Lovisa, Federica, Ilaria Gallingani, Elena Varotto, Cristiano Pasin, Elisa Carraro, Barbara Michielotto, Anna Garbin et al. „Prognostic Role of Minimal Disseminated Disease and NOTCH1/FBXW7 Mutational Status in Children with Lymphoblastic Lymphoma: The AIEOP Experience“. Diagnostics 11, Nr. 9 (01.09.2021): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11091594.
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NOTCH1/FBXW7 (N/F) mutational status at diagnosis is employed for T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) patients’ stratification in the international protocol LBL 2018. Our aim was to validate the prognostic role of Minimal Disseminated Disease (MDD) alone and in combination with N/F mutational status in a large retrospective series of LBL pediatric patients. MDD was analyzed in 132 bone marrow and/or peripheral blood samples by flow cytometry. Mutations in N/F genes were analyzed on 58 T-LBL tumor biopsies. Using the previously established cut-off of 3%, the four-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 57% for stage I–III patients with MDD ≥ 3% versus 80% for patients with MDD inferior to cut-off (p = 0.068). We found a significant worsening in the four-year PFS for nonmutated (51 ± 12%) compared to mutated patients (100%, p = 0.0013). Combining MDD and N/F mutational status in a subgroup of available cases, we found a statistically significant difference in the four-year PFS for different risk groups (p = 0.0012). Overall, our results demonstrate that N/F mutational status has a more relevant prognostic value than MDD at diagnosis. However, the combination of N/F mutations with MDD analysis could identify patients with very aggressive disease, which might benefit from a more intensive treatment.
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Sadowski, Stanisław, Stanisław Urbanowski, Róża Maniewska und A. Sowa. „The effect of different crop rotation on the fungi compound of pea roots (Pisum sative L. )cv. "Fidelia" and their healthiness“. Acta Agrobotanica 51, Nr. 1-2 (2013): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1998.005.
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Over the years 1991-1993 research was conducted on the effect of three different types of crop rotation (monoculture, 3-year rotation and 5-year rotation) on the fungi compound of pea roots and their healthiness. It was found that I~isarium oxysporum. occured more frequentl~'. F. solani and Rhizoctonia, solani were frequently isolated from plant cultivated in monoculture. On thy contrary in a 5-year rotation fungi belonging to the genus Trichoderma and Gliocladum occerd more frequently. Infestation of roots in monoculture was nearly twice as high as that in crop rotation and the yield was six time lower. In 3-year and 5-year crop rotation difference was not found in the micoflora compound, root rot degree, and seed yield.
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Rom, Curt R., R. A. Allen, K. Kupperman und J. Naraguma. „SPRING Vs. AUTUMN FERTILIZER APPLICATION EFFECTS ON APPLE TREES IN THE MID-SOUTH“. HortScience 29, Nr. 7 (Juli 1994): 735d—735. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.7.735d.
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Three studies were established to compare spring (S) vs. autumn (F) N fertilizer applications on apple tree performance. The studies used newly planted trees, 4-yr-old trees, and 8-yr-old trees, fertilized with either ammonium nitrate or urea at 2 weeks after harvest (F) or at bud break (S). In the first 3 years growth in a newly planted orchard, time of fertilizer did not significantly affect tree height or TCSA. In the first cropping year, F fertilized trees had the greatest flower cluster number and bloom density but similar % set and yield compared to S fertilized trees. F fertilized trees in mature orchards studies tended to be shorter and have smaller TCSA increment after 3 yrs. Treatments did not affect bloom density, % set or total yield although spring fertilized trees had a greater % drop. Although spur leaves of F fertilized trees had greater N content at bloom, shoot leaves typically had lower N and Mn, and higher P, K, and Ca at 90 days after bloom compared to S treatment trees.
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Stenglein, Sebastian A., María I. Dinolfo, Germán Barros, Fabricio Bongiorno, Sofía N. Chulze und María V. Moreno. „Fusarium poae Pathogenicity and Mycotoxin Accumulation on Selected Wheat and Barley Genotypes at a Single Location in Argentina“. Plant Disease 98, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2014): 1733–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-14-0182-re.
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Fusarium poae is a relatively weak pathogen with increasing importance in cereal grains, principally due to its capacity to produce several mycotoxins. In this study, we evaluated the pathogenicity and toxin accumulation of individual F. poae isolates on wheat and barley under natural conditions for 3 years. Analysis of variance demonstrated significant differences for year–genotype, year–isolate, genotype–isolate, and year–genotype–isolate interactions for both incidence and disease severity. Based on contrast analysis, ‘Apogee’ was more susceptible than the other wheat genotypes, wheat genotypes were more susceptible than barley genotypes, durum wheat genotypes were more susceptible than bread wheat genotypes, and barley genotype ‘Scarlett’ had greater symptom development per spike than the other barley genotypes. Neither HT-2 nor T-2 toxins were detected in the grain samples. However, high levels of nivalenol were found in both wheat and barley samples. The increased reported isolation of F. poae from wheat and barley and the high capacity of this fungus to produce nivalenol underlie the need for more studies on F. poae–host interactions, especially for barley.
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Perry, Leonard P. „Overwintering Container-grown Herbaceous Perennials in Northern Regions“. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 8, Nr. 3 (01.09.1990): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-8.3.135.
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Abstract A 3 year study was initiated to evaluate the survival of several species of container-grown herbaceous perennials with various overwintering techniques. Although species reacted individually to overwintering covers, those with white reflective surfaces generally provided adequate protection. Straw, non-reflective Plantfoamss™, or no cover usually resulted in large losses. Container medium temperatures were 4° to 7°C (8° to 15°F) degrees warmer than surrounding air temperatures, with a “sandwich” of 30 cm (1 ft ) fluffed oat straw between layers of white polyfilm providing the least medium temperature fluctuation (3°C or 6°F with ambient fluctuation of 16°C or 34°F), and the most temperature moderation (1°C or 34°F with ambient −16°C or 3°F). Uncovering plants later than the first week in April occasionall y resulted in plant losses.
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Masruri, Fahrul Alam. „PENGARUH REFORMASI ADMINISTRASI PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI (STUDI KASUS PADA KANTOR PELAYANAN PAJAK (KPP) PRATAMA SUMEDANG)“. Jurnal Akuntansi, Bisnis dan Ekonomi 4, Nr. 2 (24.09.2018): 1123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33197/jabe.vol4.iss2.2018.185.
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This research was motivated by the launching of an activity program by the Directorate General of Taxation on medium-term tax administration reform (3-5 years). Administrative reform needs to be done to achieve a high level of compliance given the low increase in individual taxpayer compliance from year to year in Sumedang Regency. The study aims to determine how the influence of tax administration reforms on individual taxpayer compliance. The method used in this study is a survey method with a descriptive analysis approach, with sampling using the Slovin formula. The technique of collecting data uses interviews, observation and literature studies. Data analysis is carried out quantitatively using product moment correlation test and f test. The results of the study obtained a correlation coefficient value of -0.261 and the degree of determination of the effect of tax administration reform on taxpayer compliance was 6.8% while 93.2% was influenced by other factors. Hypothesis testing results obtained f count value greater than f table (f count 4.964> f table 3.998) so that the hypothesis is accepted or there is the influence of tax administration reform on individual taxpayer compliance at Sumedang Primary Tax Office.
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Fuji, Shigeo, Takahiro Fukuda, Sung-Won Kim, Eiji Usui, Saiko Kurosawa, Hiroki Yokoyama, Bungo Saito et al. „Low-Dose ATG-F Reduces Non-Relapse Mortality after Reduced-Intensity Bone Marrow Transplantation from an Unrelated Donor: A Single-Center Analysis of 65 Patients.“ Blood 110, Nr. 11 (16.11.2007): 5070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.5070.5070.
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Abstract Background: In Japan, peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from an unrelated donor has not been approved. Therefore, for unrelated bone marrow transplantation with a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen (u-RIST), low-dose TBI has been added to facilitate engraftment. However, non-relapse mortality (NRM), which was mostly related to GVHD, was extremely high (54% at 1 year) after u-RIST with cladribine/busulfan/TBI 4 Gy (Kim et al. ASH 2006). To overcome this problem, we introduced antithymocyte globulin (Fresenius: ATG-F) at a lower dosage of 5–10 mg/kg to replace TBI. This study evaluated the feasibility of this regimen. Patients and Methods :From January 2000 to May 2007, 65 patients with hematological malignancies received u-RIST with a conditioning regimen including fludarabine (Flu 30 mg/m2 x 6 days) or cladribine (2CdA 0.11 mg/kg x 6 days) plus busulfan (oral Bu 4 mg/kg x 2 days, iv Bu 3.2 mg/kg x 2 days) with 4 Gy TBI (n=30), 2 Gy TBI (n=20) or low-dose ATG-F (n=15). The median age of the patients was 57 years (range, 20–65). Their diagnosis included AML/MDS (n=39), lymphoma (n=19) and others (n=7). There were no differences in pretransplant disease status or HLA-disparity among the 3 different groups. Results: The median follow-up of surviving patients was 381 days (range, 64–1832). Although more patients in the ATG-F group experienced graft failure, all 3 patients were rescued with a second transplant or DLI. Compared to low-dose TBI group, the incidences of grade II–IV and III–IV acute GVHD were significantly lower in the ATG-F group, which resulted in significantly lower NRM, better overall survival (OS) and better progression-free survival (PFS) (Figure). However, the incidences of disease relapse and CMV reactivation were not different among the 3 groups. A Cox proportional hazard model showed that low-dose ATG-F was associated with a significantly better PFS. Conclusions: Our study showed that very low-dose ATG-F (5–10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the incidence of acute GVHD without an increase in the relapse rate, which led to a significantly improved PFS rate. A slightly higher rate of graft failure was manageable. The optimal dose of ATG-F needs to be determined according to the source of stem cells and HLA-disparities, including ethnic differences, and our study should help to provide a model to pursue this. TBI 4 Gy (n=30) TBI 2 Gy (n=20) LD ATG-F (n=15) P (TBI vs ATG-F) 2CdA/Flu 11/19 5/15 0/15 0.01 CSP/TAC 28/2 4/16 4/11 0.01 CR/non-CR, pretransplant 10/20 9/11 5/10 0.74 HLA match/mismatch 17/13 13/7 10/5 0.64 Graft failure 3% 0% 20% 0.04 Acute GVHD, grade II–IV 55% 74% 8% <0.01 Acute GVHD, grade III–IV 31% 16% 0% <0.01 1-year NRM 46% 15% 0% 0.01 1-year OS 47% 69% 100% <0.01 1-year Relapse 19% 40% 12% 0.43 1-year PFS 43% 51% 88% <0.01 Figure Figure
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Leandro, L. F. S., S. Eggenberger, C. Chen, J. Williams, G. A. Beattie und M. Liebman. „Cropping System Diversification Reduces Severity and Incidence of Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome Caused by Fusarium virguliforme“. Plant Disease 102, Nr. 9 (September 2018): 1748–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-16-1660-re.
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Current management of sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean, caused by Fusarium virguliforme, focuses on planting resistant varieties and improving soil drainage; however, these measures are not completely effective. A 6-year study evaluated the effects of cropping system diversification on SDS and soybean yield. SDS, root health, yield, and F. virguliforme density in soil were assessed in a naturally infested field trial comparing a 2-year cropping system consisting of a corn-soybean rotation and synthetic fertilizer applications with 3- and 4-year cropping systems consisting of corn-soybean-oat + red clover and corn-soybean-oat +alfalfa-alfalfa rotations, respectively, with both manure and low synthetic fertilizer rates. In 5 of 6 years, SDS incidence and severity were lower and yield higher in the 3- and 4-year systems than in the 2-year system. SDS severity and incidence were up to 17-fold lower in the diversified systems than in the 2-year system. Incidence and severity of SDS explained 45 to 87% of the variation in yield. Plants in the 2-year system generally showed more severe root rot and lower plant weights than plants in the diversified systems. F. virguliforme density in soil was up to fivefold greater in the 2-year system compared with the 4-year system. The processes responsible for the suppression of SDS and yield protection in the diversified cropping systems still need to be determined.
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Verma, Dushyant, Amol Takalkar, Runhua Shi, Glenn M. Mills, Srikanth Paladugu, Diana Veillon, Reinhold Munker, Gerhard Hildebrandt, Binu S. Nair und Nebu Koshy. „Is Interim/Mid-Treatment PET (interim PET, i-PET) Scan Predictive of Outcome in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma?.“ Blood 120, Nr. 21 (16.11.2012): 2675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2675.2675.
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Abstract Abstract 2675 Background: Initial treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) involves 6–8 cycles of chemo-immunotherapy and may be curative in 60–65% of patients. However, in the remaining patients, subsequent therapies appear inadequate for long lasting remission. A strategy to improve patient outcomes could involve early identification of patients who do not respond to treatment as expected and then employing different/aggressive treatment modalities in these patients. PET scan done during mid-treatment (interim PET, i-PET) may help identify these patients early. However, the value of i-PET in DLBCL is not established as there is controversy about its prognostic value and studies are ongoing to evaluate its benefit. Aims: To determine predictive value of i-PET on progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) in DLBCL patients. Methods: We performed retrospective analysis of DLBCL patients treated at LSU Health Shreveport, LA, between Jan 2002 – July 2012. All patients were treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy. PET-CT was performed at baseline at time of diagnosis, after 2 to 4 courses (i-PET) and at the end of therapy (final PET, f-PET). Results: Forty-four patients were evaluable for analysis. The median age was 55 years (range 21–84), 32 (73%) were males. Ann-arbor staging showed 5 patients each in stage I and II, 11 patients in stage III, 23 in stage IV, and the median IPI score was 3. Median time to i-PET was after 3 cycles of chemotherapy, and median days to i-PET after chemotherapy were 16. The median follow-up duration from start of chemotherapy was 23 months (range 4 – 89). The PET results were as follows: i-PET negative 30 (68%), i-PET positive 14 (32%) patients. Final PET results were: f-PET negative 33 (75%), f-PET positive 11 (25%) patients. The 3-year PFS was 96.3% and 35.7% for i-PET negative versus positive patients respectively (p<0.001), and the 3-year PFS for f-PET negative versus positive patients was 78.9%% versus 30.0% respectively (p<0.001). The 3-year OS was 79.4% and 62.6% for i-PET negative versus positive patients respectively (p=0.3306). The 3-year OS was 79.9% and 58.7% for f-PET negative versus positive patients respectively (p=0.021). Conclusion: Interim/mid-treatment PET (i-PET) scan is predictive of progression free survival but not overall survival for DLBCL patients. A final PET (f-PET) scan is predictive of progression free survival as well as overall survival for DLBCL patients. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and could also look into the biology of i-PET positive patients by gene expressing profiling (GEP) and evaluate the role of novel agents in modifying the disease course. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Acosta, Rima K., Grace Q. Chen, Silvia Chang, Ross Martin, Xinxin Wang, Hailin Huang, Diana Brainard, Sean E. Collins, Hal Martin und Kirsten L. White. „Three-year study of pre-existing drug resistance substitutions and efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in HIV-1 treatment-naive participants“. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 76, Nr. 8 (21.04.2021): 2153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab115.
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Abstract Objectives Two Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled studies of initial HIV-1 treatment demonstrated that bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) was non-inferior to dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine (DTG/ABC/3TC; Study 1489) or to DTG+F/TAF (Study 1490) through 144 weeks. In both studies, there was no emergent resistance to study drugs. Here, the 3 year resistance analysis and impact of baseline resistance substitutions on treatment response are described. Methods Population sequencing of HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) was performed at screening. Retrospective baseline next generation sequencing of protease, RT and integrase (IN) was analysed at a ≥ 15% cutoff. Resistance analyses were performed on participants with confirmed viral rebound of HIV-1 RNA ≥200 copies/mL through Week 144 or last visit who did not resuppress to <50 copies/mL while on study drug. Results Transmitted primary drug resistance substitutions were present in the following proportions of participants: integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) resistance (-R) in 1.3% (17/1270) of participants; NRTI-R in 2.7% (35/1274); NNRTI-R in 14.1% (179/1274); and PI-R in 3.5% (44/1274). These pre-existing resistance substitutions not associated with study drug did not affect treatment outcomes. One participant in the B/F/TAF group had pre-existing bictegravir and dolutegravir resistance substitutions (Q148H+G140S in integrase) at baseline and suppressed and maintained HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL through Week 144. In total, 21 participants qualified for resistance testing [1.3% (8/634) B/F/TAF; 1.9% (6/315) DTG/ABC/3TC; 2.2% (7/325) DTG+F/TAF]; none had emergent resistance to study drugs. Conclusions Treatment with B/F/TAF, DTG/ABC/3TC, or DTG+F/TAF achieved high, durable rates of virological suppression in HIV-1 treatment-naive participants. The presence of pre-existing resistance substitutions did not affect treatment outcomes, and there was no treatment-emergent resistance.
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Aboul-Naga, A. M., M. B. Aboul-Ela und Ferial A. Hassan. „Comparative study of oestrous activity in Finn ewes and two Egyptian fat-tailed sheep under subtropical conditions“. Journal of Agricultural Science 105, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1985): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600056513.
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SUMMARYOestroua activity of three flocks of Ossimi (O) and Rahmani (R) subtropical fattailed and imported Finn (F) ewes was followed over a calendar year under the prevailing subtropical conditions in Egypt.Rahmani had quite consistent oestrous activity throughout the year, with a slight drop in March and June, and may be regarded as a non-seasonal breed. Oestrous activity of the O ewes was lower than the R at different times of the year. They showed high individual variation. Most of the O ewes had an anoestroua period during July–September but had regular oestrous activity during their breeding season.Overall number of oestruses per ewe per year was 15·9, 13·0 and 10·3 for R, O and F, respectively. Normal cycle length tended to be longer, though not significantly so, in both R and O subtropical breeds than the F (17·8 and 17·6 v. 17·1 days). Heat duration was significantly longer in F (47·0 h) than in both local breeds (37·7 and 37·5 h for R and O, respectively).
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Sepulveda, Karina Knight, Alicia Beltran, Kathy Watson, Tom Baranowski, Janice Baranowski, Noemi Islam und Mariam Missaghian. „Fruit and vegetables are similarly categorised by 8–13-year-old children“. Public Health Nutrition 12, Nr. 2 (Februar 2009): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008002516.
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AbstractObjectiveThis exploratory study assessed how 8–13-year-old children categorised and labelled fruit and vegetables (FaV), and how these were influenced by child characteristics, to specify second-level categories in a hierarchical food search system for a computerised 24 h dietary recall (hdr).DesignTwo sets of food cards, sixty-seven for fruit (F) and sixty-four for vegetables (V), with pictures and names of FaV from ten professionally defined food categories were sorted, separately, by each child into piles of similar foods. Demographic data, BMI and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster status were obtained.SettingParticipants attended the Children’s Nutrition Research Center in the summer of 2006.SubjectsIn all, 152 8–13-year-old children, predominantly English-speaking, of whom sixteen were predominantly Spanish-speaking.ResultsChildren created an average of 8·5 (5·3) piles with 7·9 (11·4) cards per pile for the F, and an average of 10·1 (4·8) piles with 6·2 (7·9) cards per pile for the V. No substantial differences in Robinson clustering were detected across subcategories for each of the demographic characteristics, BMI or PROP sensitivity. Children provided clusters names that were mostly ‘Taxonomic – Professional’ labels, such as salads, berries, peppers, for both F (51·8 %) and V (52·1 %).ConclusionsThese categories should be tested to assess their ability to facilitate search of FaV items in a computerised 24 hdr for children in this age group.
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Maloney, David G., Barbara Pender, Erin McCarthy und Daniel P. Gold. „FCgamma Receptor Polymorphisms Do Not Influence the Outcome of Treatment with Rituximab Followed by Active Immunotherapy with Mitumprotimut-T (FavId®, Id-KLH).“ Blood 110, Nr. 11 (16.11.2007): 3416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3416.3416.
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Abstract Background: Patient specific active idiotype immunotherapy with immunoglobulin idiotype is a promising new therapy for follicular NHL. Response to therapy may include both humoral and cellular anti-idiotypic immunity, but it is not clear which is most important. Prior studies have suggested that immunoglobulin FCgammaRIIIa (FCgRIIIa) polymorphisms at position 158 valine (V) or phenylalanine (F) effect the response to treatment with rituximab as well as outcomes from idiotype immunotherapy following objective response to chemotherapy. Here we present data assessing the correlation of FCgRIIIa polymorphisms and outcomes from idiotype immunotherapy following treatment with rituximab. Treatment: We determined the FCgRIIIa genotype using a SSCP method with genomic DNA isolated from 55 rituximab-naïve patients treated on a Phase II trial of mitumprotimut-T (FavId®, Id-KLH) (Koc et al, Blood, 2006; 108: #691). Four patients who progressed following rituximab and therefore did not receive mitumprotimut-T were excluded from this analysis. All 55 patients in this analysis had follicular NHL with a median age of 55 years. Thirty five patients were treatment naïve and 20 had relapsed following prior chemotherapy. Patients received rituximab (375mg/m2 i.v. weekly x 4) and those with stable or responding disease assessed at Week 11 received Id-KLH (1 mg s.q. monthly x 6) starting on Week 12 along with Leukine® (sargramostim, GM-CSF, 250 mcg, s.q.) on Days 1–4. Pts continued to receive booster injections on a reduced schedule, every other month x6 then quarterly thereafter, until disease progression. Radiological scans were performed every 3 months for the first 2 years of follow up, then every 6 months thereafter and reviewed centrally. Objective response and time to tumor progression (TTP) were assessed using modified IWG criteria (Cheson et al, J Clin Oncol1999; 17:1244). Response at 3 months, best response, TTP and progression free survival (PFS) at 1 year and 3.5 years were all assessed with respect to FCgRIIIa genotypes. Results: DNA was isolated from all 55 patients and successfully analyzed by SSCP for polymorphisms at position 158 of FCgRIIIa. Nine of 55 patients were V/V (16%), 27 were F/F (49%) and 19 were heterozygous V/F (35%). Overall, the 3 month response rate CR+PR) was 31/55 (56%) and the best overall response rate was 39/55 (71%). The 3 month response (post rituximab) was 5/9 (56%) for V/V, 9/19 (47%) for V/F and 17/27 (63%) for F/F patients. Best response was 6/9 (67%) for V/V, 12/19 (63%) for V/F and 21/27 (78%) for F/F patients. Median TTP was 19.5 months for V/V, 22.3 months for V/F and 18 months for F/F patients. The PFS at 1 year post initiation of rituximab was 57% for V/V, 61% for VF and 68% for FF patients while at the median follow-up of 3.5 years the PFS was 31% for V/V, 42% for V/F and 31% for F/F patients. Conclusions: FCgRIIIa polymorphisms were not associated with response rate or time to progression following a treatment program consisting of single agent rituximab followed by idiotype vaccination with mitumprotimut-T in rituximab-naïve patients. Results from an ongoing randomized Phase III study will assess the efficacy of this combined therapy, but these data suggest that long term PFS in patients receiving an idiotype vaccine following rituximab may rely more on a cell mediated immune response rather than a humoral response to idiotype.
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Kantarjian, Hagop, Ian W. Flinn, Stuart Goldberg, Udomsak Bunworasate, Maria Aparecida Zanichelli, Hirohisa Nakamae, Timothy P. Hughes et al. „Nilotinib versus imatinib in patients (pts) with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP): ENESTnd 3-year (yr) follow-up (f/u).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2012): 6509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.6509.
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6509^ Background: In ENESTnd, nilotinib significantly reduced progression to AP/BC and demonstrated superior rates of MMR, MR4, and MR4.5 vs imatinib with f/u of 2 yrs. Methods: 846 pts with Ph+ CML-CP were randomized to nilotinib 300 mg BID (n = 282), nilotinib 400 mg BID (n = 281), or imatinib 400 mg QD (n = 283). Here, we report 3-yr f/u data. Results: Both nilotinib doses continued to demonstrate significantly higher rates of MMR, MR4, and MR4.5 vs imatinib. In a landmark analysis, pts with BCR-ABL transcript levels ≤ 10% at 3 months (mo) had a higher probability of achieving MMR by 1 and 2 yrs vs pts with transcript levels > 10%. No new progressions occurred on treatment since the 2-yr analysis; rates of progression to AP/BC including events on treatment (n = 2, 3, 12) and those occurring both on treatment and after discontinuation (n = 9, 6, 19) were significantly lower for nilotinib 300 mg BID and nilotinib 400 mg BID vs imatinib, respectively. At 3 yrs, OS considering only CML-related deaths was significantly higher for nilotinib vs imatinib. The safety profiles of nilotinib and imatinib were similar to those at 2 yrs. Conclusions: 3-yr f/u confirms the superiority of nilotinib vs imatinib and an acceptable tolerability profile for the treatment of pts with newly diagnosed Ph+ CML-CP. [Table: see text]
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Finke, Jürgen, Claudia Schmoor, Wolfgang A. Bethge, Hellmut Ottinger, Matthias Stelljes, Liisa Volin, Dominik Heim, Hartmut Bertz, Olga Grishina und Gerard Socie. „Randomized Trial on GvHD Prophylaxis with or without Anti-Human T-Lymphocyte Immunoglobulin ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F) in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation from Matched Unrelated Donors: Final Long-Term Results after 8.6 Years Median Follow-up“. Blood 126, Nr. 23 (03.12.2015): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.853.853.
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Abstract Background: Previously, in 201 adult patients with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation from matched unrelated donors, we demonstrated that the addition of ATG-F to standard cyclosporine, methotrexate GvHD prophylaxis (control) significantly reduces acute and chronic GvHD without negatively affecting relapse and survival [1,2,3]. Methods: Now, we present final results after an extended follow-up (median 8.6, Q1 8.0, Q3 9.3 years) with regard to chronic GvHD, non-relapse mortality (NRM), relapse, relapse mortality, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Additionally, we analyse the effect of ATG-F vs control on the composite endpoint severe GvHD (acute GvHD III-IV, extensive chronic GvHD) and relapse-free survival, and on time under immunosuppressive therapy. Since mortality within the first year after transplantation is usually high, we also analyse conditional survival, i.e. the OS probability after having survived 1 and 2 years after transplantation. Results: The incidence of extensive chronic GvHD after 8 years was 13.5% in the ATG-F group vs 51.8% in the control group (p<0.0001). The 8-year rates with respect to outcome were: NRM 20.5% vs 34.0% (p=0.15), relapse 35.2% vs 29.9% (p=0.54), relapse mortality 30.8% vs 28.8% (p=0.90), DFS 44.3% vs 36.1% (p=0.60), and OS 48.7% vs 36.8% (p=0.31), ATG-F vs control, respectively. ATG-F substantially increased the combined severe GvHD/relapse-free survival rate. The rates were 48.5% vs 20.4% after 1 year and 33.6% vs 13.0% after 8 years (p=0.0003), ATG-F vs control, respectively (see figure). The probability of being alive and free of immunosuppressive therapy was 46.8% in the ATG-F group and 11.2% in the control group at 8 years (p=0.0002). The survival probabilities increased when patients had survived the first year. The conditional 8 years-survival probability increased in the ATG-F group from 48.7% (unconditional) to 70.6% and 80.9% (conditional on having survived 1 and 2 years after transplantation), and in the control group from 36.8% (unconditional) to 58.5% and 71.7% (conditional on having survived 1 and 2 years after transplantation). Conclusion: The long-term follow-up of 8.6 years shows that ATG-F GvHD prophylaxis provides a sustained protective effect without increasing relapse and compromising survival. ATG-F in addition to standard cyclosporine, methotrexate as GvHD prophylaxis results in significantly improved severe GvHD/relapse-free survival. Furthermore, the stable results from our prospective trial after an extended long-term follow-up demonstrate that the choice to use ATG-F in unrelated donor transplantation after myeloablative conditioning substantially increases the probability of surviving free of immunosuppressive therapy, and thus reduces the risk associated with long-term immunosuppression. References: [1] Finke et al. Lancet Oncol 2009;10:855 [2] Socie et al. Blood 2011;117:6375 [3] Finke et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2012;18:1716 Disclosures Bertz: GILEAD Sciences: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.
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Adam, C. L., C. E. Kyle und P. Young. „Growth and reproductive development of red deer calves (Cervus elaphus) born out-of-season“. Animal Science 55, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1992): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100037545.
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AbstractSince the productivity of farmed red deer is constrained by their inherent seasonal biology, the potential advantages of breeding out-of-season following melatonin administration were investigated. Calves born in February (F; no. = 8) were heavier at weaning in September of the same year than calves born with normal birth dates in June (}; no. = 8) (73·2 v. 441 (s.e.d. 3·59) kg; P < 0·001) and at the end of April of the next year (88·0 v. 67·6 (s.e.d. 6·44) kg; P < 0·02) although their suckled live-weight gain to 100 days of age was lower (304 v. 361 (s.e.d. 21·4) g/day; P < 0·05). After weaning, F calves had higher voluntary food intake than / calves (g dry matter per head per day) from September to November (1643 v. 2224 (s.e.d. 92·6); P < 0·002), November to February (1435 v. 926 (s.e.d. 67·9); P < 0·002), and February to April (1487 v. 2059 (s.e.d. 115·5); P < 0·02).Unlike J calves, F calves showed puberty in their first autumn. F male calves (no. = 3) grew antlers which hardened in November, whereas J males (no. = 3) did not, and F males, aged 8 months, had significantly higher mean plasma concentrations of testosterone than J males, aged 4 months (1·35 v. 0·28 (s.e.d. 0·154) fj.g/1, P < 0·001). Oestrous cyclicity was observed in 3/5 group F females, aged 9 months, but in 0/5 group ] females, aged 5 months. Although the dams of F and ] calves had similar live weights at mating, birth and 100 days pos t partum, F dams were heavier (P < 0·05) at weaning. Following parturition, F dams had a mean voluntary food intake of 2700 (s.e. 110) g dry matter per head per day from February to April.
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Aaronson, Scott. „Impossibility of succinct quantum proofs for collision-freeness“. Quantum Information and Computation 12, Nr. 1&2 (Januar 2012): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic12.1-2-3.
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We show that any quantum algorithm to decide whether a function f[n] \rightarrow [n] is a permutation or far from a permutation\ must make \Omega( n^{1/3}/w) queries to f, even if the algorithm is given a w-qubit quantum witness in support of f being a permutation. This implies that there exists an oracle A such that {SZK}^{A}\not \subset {QMA}^{A}, answering an eight-year-old open question of the author. \ Indeed, we show that relative to some oracle, {SZK} is not in the counting class {A}_0{PP} defined by Vyalyi. The proof is a fairly simple extension of the quantum lower bound for the collision problem.