Thematische Bibliographien / Year F-3

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Year F-3“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Year F-3"

Puksa, L., K. Edebol Eeg-Olofsson, E. Stålberg und B. Falck. „Reference values for F wave parameters in healthy 3–20 year old subjects“. Clinical Neurophysiology 122, Nr. 1 (Januar 2011): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2010.06.009.

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Socié, Gérard, Claudia Schmoor, Wolfgang Andreas Bethge, Hellmut Ottinger, Matthias Stelljes, Axel R. Zander, Liisa Volin et al. „Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Lessons From a Randomized Trial on GvHD Prophylaxis with or without Anti-T-Cell Globulin ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F) In Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HSCT) From Matched Unrelated Donors“. Blood 116, Nr. 21 (19.11.2010): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.212.212.

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Abstract Abstract 212 Background: Chronic GvHD (cGvHD) is the leading late complication after allogeneic HSCT. Most previous randomized studies in GvHD prophylaxis failed to demonstrate reduced incidence and severity of cGvHD, and shorter time to discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Aims: We previously reported that addition of ATG-F to standard cyclosporine, methotrexate GvHD prophylaxis (control group) significantly reduced severe acute and chronic GvHD (Finke et al., Lancet Oncology, 2009). Here we present final data and unpublished results on cGvHD with extended follow-up [median of 3 (25%-quartile 2.5, 75%-quartile 3.9) years] on 201 patients with median age of 40 (range 18–60) years, transplanted between 2003 and 2007, with AML (n=101), MDS (n=10), ALL (n=70), CML (n=17), OMF (n=3) in early (1st CR or MDS-RA, n=107), or advanced status of disease (all other, n=94). Results: With extended follow-up the cumulative incidence (CI) of extensive cGvHD after three years was 12.2% in the ATG-F group versus 45.0% in the control group (p<0.0001) (Figure1) [CI of limited + extensive was 30.0% and 60.0% in the ATG-F versus control, respectively, p<0.0001]. CIs were reduced in all main cGvHD target organs: skin [3-year CI, 5.6% to 27.0%; (hazard ratio (HR) =0.18, p=0.0006)], eyes [3-year CI, 2.2% to 20.7%; HR =0.10, p=0.0025)], mouth [3-year CI, 4.4% to 18.8%; HR =0.24, p=0.013)], lung [3-year CI, 3.3% to 16.3%; HR =0.17 p=0.006)], and liver [3-year CI, 16.7% to 33.8%; HR =0.43, p=0.009]. Chronic GvHD decreased relapse rate resulting in HR of 0.49 (p=0.037), 3-year CI of relapse was 32.6% in the ATG-F and 28.2% in the control group (HR=1.21, p=0.47). Extensive cGvHD increased non-relapse mortality (NRM) rate resulting in a HR of 2.1 (p=0.075), 3-year CI of NRM was 19.4% in the ATG-F and 33.5% in the control group (HR=0.68, p=0.47). The 3-year CI of late bacterial infection (post Day+100) was 26.3% and 39.9% in the ATG-F versus control, respectively (HR=0.65, p=0.12). Cox regression analyses on risk factors for developing extensive cGvHD adjusted for treatment arm and acute GvHD (time dependent) found two factors associated with increased extensive cGvHD risk: donor age more than 40 years (HR= 2.02, p=0.025) and disease type [HRs=3.90, 1.56 and 2.62 for patients with MDS, ALL and CML/OMF as compared to AML, respectively; p=0.04]. Overall survival after three years was 55.2% in the ATG-F and 43.3% in the control group (HR=0.84, p=0.39). The HR for receiving IST was 0.58, p<0.00001, and the HR for stopping IST was 1.37, p=0.006 (ATG-F versus control, respectively). At 3 years, the probability of being alive without IST was 46.9% and 18.1% and that of being alive with IST was 8.4% and 26.1 % in the ATG-F versus control, respectively. Conclusion: The addition of ATG-F to standard cyclosporine, methotrexate GvHD prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence and severity of cGvHD, and the risk of receiving IST without increasing relapse rate. Although the 3-year CI of NRM (19.4% in the ATG-F and 33.5% in the control group, p=0.18) are still non-significantly different, these data demonstrate that ATG-F prophylaxis decreases cGvHD morbidity and may thus provide a long-term survival advantage. Disclosures: Bethge: Fresenius Biothech GmbH: Lecture remuneration. Finke:Fresenius Biothech GmbH: Research Funding.

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Saevarsson, Elvar S., Vaka Rognvaldsdottir, Runa Stefansdottir und Erlingur Johannsson. „Organized Sport Participation, Physical Activity, Sleep and Screen Time in 16-Year-Old Adolescents“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 6 (18.03.2021): 3162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063162.

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This study aimed to examine the association of different frequencies of organized sport participation (OSP) with physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, sleep, and screen time among adolescents. A cross-sectional study involving 315 16-year-old adolescents was conducted. OSP was self-reported, being categorized as 0 times a week, less than three times a week, 4–5 times a week, and 6–7 times a week, on average. Screen time was also self-reported but physical activity and sleep duration were objectively measured. Cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition were measured using a maximal cycle ergometer test and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, respectively. An analysis of covariance revealed a significant association between OSP and physical activity (F (3, 286) = 14.53, p < 0.01), cardiorespiratory fitness (F (3, 236) = 17.64, p < 0.01), screen time (F (3, 294) = 8.14, p < 0.01), body fat percentage (F (3, 292) = 11.84, p < 0.01), and fat free mass (F (3, 290) = 5.76, p < 0.01. No significant association was found between OSP and sleep duration. Post hoc analyses showed that OSP at least four times a week was beneficial to favorable physical activity levels, cardiorespiratory fitness, screen time, and body composition and may therefore serve as a valuable tool in battling unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among adolescents.

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Socié, Gérard, Claudia Schmoor, Wolfgang A. Bethge, Hellmut D. Ottinger, Matthias Stelljes, Axel R. Zander, Liisa Volin et al. „Chronic graft-versus-host disease: long-term results from a randomized trial on graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with or without anti–T-cell globulin ATG-Fresenius“. Blood 117, Nr. 23 (09.06.2011): 6375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-01-329821.

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Abstract Previous randomized graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-prophylaxis trials have failed to demonstrate reduced incidence and severity of chronic GVHD (cGVHD). Here we reanalyzed and updated a randomized phase 3 trial comparing standard GVHD prophylaxis with or without pretransplantation ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F) in 201 adult patients receiving myeloablative conditioning before transplantation from unrelated donors. The cumulative incidence of extensive cGVHD after 3 years was 12.2% in the ATG-F group versus 45.0% in the control group (P < .0001). The 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse and of nonrelapse mortality was 32.6% and 19.4% in the ATG-F group and 28.2% and 33.5% in the control group (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.21, P = .47, and HR = 0.68, P = .18), respectively. This nonsignificant reduction in nonrelapse mortality without increased relapse risk led to an overall survival rate after 3 years of 55.2% in the ATG-F group and 43.3% in the control group (HR = 0.84, P = .39, nonsignificant). The HR for receiving immunosuppressive therapy (IST) was 0.31 after ATG-F (P < .0001), and the 3-year probability of survival free of IST was 52.9% and 16.9% in the ATG-F versus control, respectively. The addition of ATG-F to standard cyclosporine, methotrexate GVHD prophylaxis lowers the incidence and severity of cGVHD, and the risk of receiving IST without raising the relapse rate. ATG-F prophylaxis reduces cGVHD morbidity.

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Ranzi, Camila, Juliane Nicolodi Camera und Carolina Cardoso Deuner. „Influence of continuous cropping on corn and soybean pathogens“. Summa Phytopathologica 43, Nr. 1 (März 2017): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/2150.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of two tillage programs (conventional and no-tillage) and different rotations with soybeans and corn on the occurrence of Fusarium species. The work was conducted in the experimental field and Seed Laboratory at Iowa State University. The treatments were: tillage (no-tillage and conventional tillage), crop (corn and soybeans) and three different cropping sequences for corn and soybeans, respectively. Treatment with corn: (1) the first year after four years of soybeans (1C); (2) alternating corn and soybeans each year (C / SB); (3) Continuous corn (C). Treatment with soybeans; (1) the first year after four years of corn (1S); (2) alternating soybeans and corn each year (SB / C); (3) Continuous soybeans (S). Two plant counts were performed in two stages in soybean (VC and V3) and corn (V1 and V3). The root system of ten plants were collected in the vegetative stages V2 and V5 for soybeans and corn. The fungi were isolated from the roots, and the Fusarium species were identified based on the most distinctive morphological characteristics. Nine species were identified in both soybeans and corn, namely F. acuminatum, F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. subglutinans, F. verticillioides and F. virguliforme. There were no significant differences among the treatments concerning the Fusarium species composition, for both soybeans and corn. In soybeans Fusarium oxysporum was the most frequently observed saprophyte species, followed by F. solani. For corn the main trends in the data was the predominance in all treatments of F. solani, whose highest frequency was in the no-tillage system.

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Barbeito, S., P. Vega, A. Ugarte, B. Fernandez de Corres, P. López und A. González-Pinto. „P.3.f.001 Compliance over 8 year of follow-up in first psychotic episodes“. European Neuropsychopharmacology 19 (September 2009): S581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(09)70930-7.

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Ritsner, M., Y. Ratner und A. Gibel. „P.3.f.004 Remission structure in 10-year course of schizophrenia: a naturalistic study“. European Neuropsychopharmacology 24 (Oktober 2014): S567—S568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(14)70909-5.

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Su, Z., M. Mamalui und Z. Li. „SU-F-T-564: 3 Year Experience of Treatment Plan QualityAssurance for Vero SBRT Patients“. Medical Physics 43, Nr. 6Part22 (Juni 2016): 3593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4956749.

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Tzilas, Vasilios, Argyris Tzouvelekis, Evangelos Bouros, Theodoros Karampitsakos, Maria Ntassiou, Eleni Avdoula, Athena Trachalaki, Katerina Antoniou, Ganesh Raghu und Demosthenes Bouros. „Clinical experience with antifibrotics in fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a 3-year real-life observational study“. ERJ Open Research 6, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2020): 00152–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00152-2020.

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BackgroundFibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (f-HP) can exhibit a progressive course similar to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The lack of diagnostic guidelines and randomised controlled trials in this population represent a significant unmet need.ObjectivesTo describe our clinical experience with antifibrotics in patients with f-HP.Material and methodsRetrospective study of 30 patients diagnosed with f-HP upon re-evaluation within a multidisciplinary team discussion of 295 consecutive patients (January 2012 to December 2017) who had been diagnosed initially with IPF at outside facilities and were referred to our centres.ResultsPirfenidone was initially administered to 14 (46.7%) patients and nintedanib to 16 (53.3%) patients. There were 26 (86.7%) males, with mean±sd age 70.2±8.4 years. The annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) % predicted over the 3-year treatment period adjusted for baseline FVC % pred measurement was 4.2% (95% CI 1.9–6.6%, p=0.001) and 7.5% (95% CI 3.3–11.7%; p=0.001) in imputation analysis. The annual rate of decline in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) % predicted throughout the 3-year treatment period adjusted for baseline DLCO % pred was 5.7% (95% CI 3.1–8.4%, p<0.001) and 5.8% (95% CI 3.4–8.1%, p<0.001) in imputation analysis. The nature of adverse events was related to the type of antifibrotic agent administered.ConclusionIn patients with f-HP receiving antifibrotics there is a statistically significant annual decline in FVC % pred and DLCO % pred over a period of 3 years. Prospective randomised trials exceeding 1 year are warranted to determine the long-term efficacy of antifibrotics.

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Jean, Arché. „Is Foreign Aid Working? The Impact of Foreign Aid on Savings, Investment, and Economic Growth in Haiti“. Applied Finance and Accounting 1, Nr. 1 (26.02.2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v1i1.646.

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Despite increases in foreign aid inflow to Haiti, the country remains one of the poorest in the world. Findings regarding the benefits of foreign aid have been inconsistent. The purpose of this quantitative, archival study was to examine the extent to which total foreign aid explained gross domestic savings, gross domestic investment, and GDP growth rates in Haiti from 1975 to 2010 after 3-year, 4-year, and 5-year time lags. Foreign aid was disaggregated into grants and concessional loans. Data were drawn from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development from 1970 to 2010. To analyze the extent to which total foreign aid predicted gross domestic savings and gross domestic investment, weighted least squares regression analyses were conducted, with per capita income, interest rates, and inflation rates as covariates. To examine the degree to which total foreign aid predicted GDP growth rates, multiple linear regression analyses were conducted, with consumption, government spending, gross domestic investment, and net trade balance as covariates. Foreign aid did not predict gross domestic savings for 3-year time lag, F (5, 30) = 1.32, p =.28; 4-year time lag, F (5, 30) = 1.24, p =.32, or 5-year time lag, F(5,30) = 1.30, p =.15. Foreign aid did not predict gross domestic investment for 3-year time lag, F(5, 30) = 1.49, p =.22; 4-year time lag, F(5,30)= 1.73, p =.16, or 5-year time lag, F(5, 30) = 2.29, p =.07. Foreign aid did not predict GDP growth rates for 3-year time lag, F(6, 29), p =.44; 4-year time lag, F(6, 29) = 1.11, p =.38, or 5-year time lag F(6, 29) = 0.83, p =.56. Findings showed that foreign aid inflows to Haiti have not predicted improved economic development. Future research should focus on determining the relationship between foreign aid and government investment in infrastructure, education, health, and social projects. The discussion should shift from whether foreign aid flows to developing countries are effective to how to make the allocation of foreign aid inflows more effective. The result would be improved use of the inflow of foreign aid and improved economic and social progress in developing nations.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Year F-3"

Björnfot, Therese, und Pia Kujala. „Engelsk språkinlärning och läromedel : En kvalitativ läromedelsanalys av Happy – Textbook year 3“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-37448.

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Syftet med föreliggande studie är att med utgångspunkt i relevant forskning analysera om läromedel, som används i engelskundervisningen i årskurserna F-3, med tillhörande sångtexter, rim och ramsor stöder elevers språkinlärning i engelska. Metoder som använts i studien var dels en delstudie om vilket läromedel i engelskundervisningen kommunala skolor i Sverige använder i årskurserna F-3. Därutöver gjordes en bild- och textanalys av materialets innehåll samt jämfördes materialets verb med Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) (Davies, 2008-) och metoden type/token-ratio (TTR) för att kunna jämföra den inbördes variationen av verb och substantiv i materialet. Resultatet visar att läromedlet stöder språkinlärningen hos elever i de yngre åldrarna. Majoriteten av verben i materialet fanns med bland de 300 mest frekventa verben i COCA (Davies, 2008-) och skillnaden mellan de undersökta ordklasserna var inte lika stora som befarat. Materialet är i linje med och stöds av kursplanen för engelskämnet i Lgr 11 (Skolverket, 2011b), dock med få undantag. Språket i materialet är mestadels skrivet i presens. Slutsatsen som kan dras är att läromedel med tillhörande sånger, rim och ramsor kan stödja elevers språkinlärning i engelska.

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Doverfors, Jennifer. „Rytm och musik i svenskundervisningen : En kvalitativ studie om hur rytm och musik används som språkutvecklande verktyg i F-3“. Thesis, Jönköping University, HLK, Skolnära forskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53575.

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I grundlärarutbildningen för förskoleklass och årskurs 1–3 undervisas om musikens positiva inverkan och hur musik kan användas som ett pedagogiskt verktyg i svenska. Trots detta upplever jag att musik och rytm användas enbart i gruppstärkande syfte under den verksamhetsförlagda utbildningen. Det tvåfaldiga syftet med denna studie är dels att bidra med kunskap om hur lärare i F-3 uppfattar och beskriver arbetsmetoder med musik och rytm som ett medierande och språkutvecklande verktyg, dels hur lärare uppfattar och beskriver sig ha verktyg och kompetens för att använda musik och rytm i undervisningen. Syftet avsågs besvaras genom forskningsfrågorna: Hur uppfattar och beskriver lärare att de arbetar med musik och rytm i klassrummet som ett språkutvecklande verktyg under svenskundervisningen? Hur uppfattar och beskriver lärare att de har verktyg och/eller kompetens för att använda musik och rytm i undervisningen? Studien utgår från det sociokognitivistiska perspektivet och genom teorin redogörs för hur musik och rytm kan användas som ett verktyg för språkutveckling. Undersökningen använder en kvalitativ dataanalys och semistrukturerade fokusgruppsintervjuer. Resultatet visar att lärarna uppfattar och beskriver musik och rytm som ett medierande verktyg för språkutveckling i svenskundervisningen samt huruvida lärarna anser sig ha kompetens att använda musik och rytm som ett språkutvecklande verktyg i svenskundervisningen. Studiens informanter var två förskollärare, två grundskollärare med inriktning 1–7 samt två grundskollärare med behörighet att undervisa i musik och svenska. Alla lärare är verksamma i grundskolans förskoleklass till årskurs 3. Resultatet visar att lärarna till stor del använder sig av rytm och musik men på olika sätt utifrån vad lärarna själva beskriver att de är bekväma med.
In the basic teacher education for preschool class and grades 1-3, the positive impact of music is taught and how music can be used as a pedagogical tool in Swedish. Despite this, music and rhythm are perceived to be used only for group strengthening purposes during the company-based training. The twofold purpose of this study was partly to contribute knowledge about how teachers in F-3 perceive and describe working methods with music and rhythm as a mediating and language development tool, and partly how teachers perceive and describe themselves as having tools and skills to use music and rhythm in teaching. The purpose was intended to be answered through the research questions: How do teachers perceive and describe that they work with music and rhythm in the classroom as a language development tool during Swedish teaching? How do teachers perceive and describe that they have the tools and / or competence to use music and rhythm in teaching? The study is based on the sociocognitivist perspective, and the theory describes how music and rhythm can be used as a tool for language development. The survey uses a qualitative data analysis, and based on semi-structured focus group interviews. The results show how teachers perceive and describe music and rhythm as a tool for language development in Swedish teaching and whether the teachers consider themselves competent to use music and rhythm as a language development tool in Swedish teaching. The informants in the study were two preschool teachers, two primary school teachers with a focus on 1–7 and two primary school teachers with the right to teach music and Swedish. All teachers are active in the compulsory school pre - school class for year 3. The results show that the teachers largely use rhythm and music, but in different ways according to what the teachers themselves describe that they are comfortable with.

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Baier, Caroline. „Laborativ matematik i förskoleklass - åk 3. : - Vad påverkar lärares arbetssätt?“ Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Human Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-1061.

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SAMMANFATTNING

Arbetets syfte var att undersöka vilka faktorer det är som påverkar lärare att använda eller inte använda laborativt material i sin matematikundervisning i förskoleklass till och med årskurs 3.

Laborativ matematik innebär i detta arbete matematiklektioner där lärare och elever tar hjälp av någon form av konkret material, både vardagsmaterial och pedagogiskt material för att förstå och lösa problem inom ämnesområdet matematik.

Undersökningen genomfördes med hjälp av enkäter till elva lärare i förskoleklass till årskurs 3 på tre olika skolor i en och samma kommun.

Resultatet visar att samtliga av de lärare som svarade, alltid eller nästan alltid använder laborativt material i sin matematikundervisning, men inom vilka matematiska områden detta sker är varierande.

Varför lärare i denna undersökning använder laborativt material eller inte på en lektion påverkas inte av vilken utbildning de har eller om de har någon vidareutbildning i matematik och inte heller av hur länge lärarna har undervisat, utan detta beror enligt lärarna själva på andra faktorer så som: elevens förståelse, tron på metoden, intresse/attityd hos lärare och elevers, tid/lektionens längd och gruppstorlek.

Knappt ¾ av lärarna har deltagit i någon form av vidareutbildning i matematik. Alla lärarna som svarade ansåg dock att det laborativa materialet är självklart och nödvändigt för att eleverna ska få en djupare förståelse, då materialet visuellt kan konkretisera detabstrakta i matematiken. Lärarna ansåg också att det laborativa materialet bidrar till att eleverna lär med fler sinnen och att detta i sin tur gör att kunskapen fastnar lättare, matematiken blir även roligare.

ABSTRACT

The purpose with this survey was to examine which factors that influence teachers to use or not to use manipulatives in the mathematics education in preschool up to the third school year.

In this form of education pupils and teachers use some form of concrete materials, manipulatives like stones, seashells and pearls or special pedagogic materials to understand and solve mathematical problems.

The examination was made with questionnaires to 11 teachers in preschool to the third school year in three different schools, in the same district, in x –city, Sweden.

The result shows that all of the teachers, always or almost always, use manipulatives n their mathematics education, but it varies depending on which type of mathematics.

Whether teachers in this investigation use, or not use, manipulatives in a lesson is not influenced by education or further education, neither how long they have been teaching. According to the teachers this is instead influenced by; for the pupils understanding, belief in the method, interest/attitude by the teachers and pupils, time/length of lesson, and group size.

Almost ¾ of the teachers had some form of further education in mathematics. All of the teachers however considered the use of manipulatives obvious and necessary for the pupils to get a deeper understanding, as the materials visually can make the abstract part in mathematics more concrete. The teachers’ means that manipulatives contribute to that the pupils learn with more senses, and it causes the knowledge to remain more easy, it also makes mathematics education more fun.

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Nygren, Sofie. „Extramural English in the Swedish school : A teacher perspective on practices related to extramural English in Swedish schools in years F-3“. Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för lärarutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-36512.

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English is a globally used language and with the emergence of the digital era, it surrounds usall over the world. This had led to pupils in Sweden meeting English even outside school,which is a concept called extramural English, EE in short (Sundqvist, 2009). This thesisexamines Swedish teachers, who teach years F-3, beliefs on the concept of extramuralEnglish, as well as how they incorporate extramural English via digital resources in theirteaching. To investigate this, both a survey and three interviews with teachers who teachstudents in year F-3 are analyzed.This study shows that most of the teachers who participated are not familiar with the conceptof extramural English, but they all work with similar materials and have similar attitudestowards the concept. This thesis highlights the importance of educated teachers oncontributing factors and pedagogical conditions that extramural English provide to languageteaching, in order to maintain pupils' motivation and create a meaningful English teaching.

Engelska

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Graaf, Camilla. „Användning av utomhusundervisning : Ämnen, hinder och fördelar i förskoleklass upp till årskurs 3“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-67545.

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Syftet med studien är att ta reda på i vilken utsträckning lärare använder sig av utomhusundervisning och vilka ämnen som är vanligast att lärare planerar och genomför med hjälp av utemiljö. Dessutom avser studien att undersöka om de anser att det finns eventuella hinder eller fördelar med att undervisa utomhus och vad dessa skulle kunna utgöras av. För att visa vilka hinder och fördelar som finns med arbetsmetoden har litteratur och tidigare forskning inom området granskats. Undersökningen är utförd med hjälp av enkäter samt tillhörande intervjuer för att få ett mer djup på svaren som respondenterna har avgett i enkäterna. Matematik var det ämne som lärarna i undersökningen använde sig av mest i sin undervisning utomhus. Det hinder som de flesta lärare ansåg fanns var personalbrist, medan det bland fördelarna ansågs vara att eleverna får bättre hälsa av att få undervisning utomhus. Samtidigt lyfts det fram att en undervisning utomhus bör kompletteras med undervisningen inomhus för att kunna tillgodose alla elevernas olika lärstilar.
The purpose of the study is to find out to what extent teachers use outdoor education and what subjects are most common for teachers to plan and implement with the help of outdoor environments. In addition, the study intends to investigate if they consider that there are any obstacles or benefits of teaching outdoors and what these could be. To show the obstacles and benefits of the working method, literature and previous research in the field have been examined. The survey was conducted by means of questionnaires and related interviews in order to gain a deeper understanding of the answers the respondents have given in the questionnaires. Interesting was to see that mathematics is the subject that the teachers in the survey use most of their teaching outdoors. The obstacle most teachers felt was the lack of staff, while it was among the benefits that students were better offspring of teaching outdoors. At the same time it is argued that outdoor teaching should be supplemented with the teaching in-house to accommodate all the students' different learning styles.

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Melker, Camilla. „Undervisningens fokus för hållbar utveckling : ”Lärare i förskoleklass upp till årskurs 3”“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-67541.

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Syftet med studien är att ta reda på vad lärare fokuserar på vid undervisning för hållbar utveckling i No-ämnena för förskoleklass upp till årskurs 3. Avsikten är att ta reda på hur de intervjuade lärarna tolkar hållbar utveckling i läroplanen och om de undervisar för att få med de tre dimensionerna; ekologisk, social och ekonomisk hållbarhet, samt vilka svårigheter och möjligheter lärare ser med undervisning för hållbar utveckling i No-ämnena. Undersökningens resultat har framkommit utifrån semistrukturerade intervjuer av lärare som undervisar i dessa årskurser. Resultatet visar att nästan samtliga lärare i studien undervisar för hållbar utveckling, samtidigt som de får med de tre dimensionerna; ekologisk, social och ekonomisk i undervisningen. Det är bara en lärare i studien som mestadels undervisar utifrån den ekologiska hållbarheten. Den största svårigheten som framkom var att själva begreppet hållbar utveckling är för komplext för de yngre eleverna att förstå och den största möjligheten handlade om ämnesövergripande undervisning och praktiska aktiviteter, eftersom de yngre eleverna lättare förstår på det sättet.
The purpose of the study was to find out what teachers focus on when teaching for sustainable development in science for pre-school class up to third grade. I used semi-structured interviews to find out how teachers interpret sustainable development in the curriculum, if they teach to bring the three dimensions; ecological, social and economic sustainability together, and how they faced the difficulties and opportunities related to sustainable development education in science. The result showed that almost all of the teachers in the study teach for sustainable development, whilst at the same time with the three dimensions; ecological, social and economic in teaching. There was only one teacher in the study who mostly taught on the basis of ecological sustainability. The main difficulty that emerged was that the very concept of sustainable development was too complex for the younger students to understand and the main possibility was about interdisciplinary education and practical activities, because the younger students more easily understand that way.

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Murray, Katherine Isabel. „An electrophysiological study of the cognitive processes underlying flexible rule use in 3-to 4-year-old children“. 2004. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=81090&T=F.

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Nguyen, Thien-Kim. „The relationship between language ability and performance on a low-verbal false-belief task in normally developing 3- to 5-year-old children“. 2007. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=788746&T=F.

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Bücher zum Thema "Year F-3"

Twentieth Century Fashion: 100 Years of Style By Decade & Designer Volume 3: Fashion Designers A-F. Chelsea House,, 2001.

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Dunetz, Diana. F*ck Yeah, I'm Going Vegan!: A 3-Month Guided Journal, Food Diary and Menu Planner to Help You Go Vegan, Save Animals and Become Your Most Awesome Self. Independently Published, 2020.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Year F-3"

Bendík, Jaroslav, und Kuldeep S. Meel. „Counting Minimal Unsatisfiable Subsets“. In Computer Aided Verification, 313–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81688-9_15.

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AbstractGiven an unsatisfiable Boolean formula F in CNF, an unsatisfiable subset of clauses U of F is called Minimal Unsatisfiable Subset (MUS) if every proper subset of U is satisfiable. Since MUSes serve as explanations for the unsatisfiability of F, MUSes find applications in a wide variety of domains. The availability of efficient SAT solvers has aided the development of scalable techniques for finding and enumerating MUSes in the past two decades. Building on the recent developments in the design of scalable model counting techniques for SAT, Bendík and Meel initiated the study of MUS counting techniques. They succeeded in designing the first approximate MUS counter, $$\mathsf {AMUSIC}$$ AMUSIC , that does not rely on exhaustive MUS enumeration. $$\mathsf {AMUSIC}$$ AMUSIC , however, suffers from two shortcomings: the lack of exact estimates and limited scalability due to its reliance on 3-QBF solvers.In this work, we address the two shortcomings of $$\mathsf {AMUSIC}$$ AMUSIC by designing the first exact MUS counter, $$\mathsf {CountMUST}$$ CountMUST , that does not rely on exhaustive enumeration. $$\mathsf {CountMUST}$$ CountMUST circumvents the need for 3-QBF solvers by reducing the problem of MUS counting to projected model counting. While projected model counting is #NP-hard, the past few years have witnessed the development of scalable projected model counters. An extensive empirical evaluation demonstrates that $$\mathsf {CountMUST}$$ CountMUST successfully returns MUS count for 1500 instances while $$\mathsf {AMUSIC}$$ AMUSIC and enumeration-based techniques could only handle up to 833 instances.

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Charis, Christos. „Case Study of a 29-Year-Old Patient with a Panic Disorder, Recurrent Depressive Disorder, Current Episode Moderate, IBS, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (ICD-10 F 41.0, F 33.1, F 45.32, F 43.1)“. In Somatoform and Other Psychosomatic Disorders, 143–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89360-0_8.

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Zhao, Yong, Jiayan Han, Jian Du und Yishan Wu. „Origin and Impact: A Study of the Intellectual Transfer of Professor Henk F. Moed’s Works by Using Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS)“. In Evaluative Informetrics: The Art of Metrics-Based Research Assessment, 145–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47665-6_6.

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Charis, Christos. „Case Study of a 44-Year-Old Patient with a Moderate Recurrent Depressive Disorder (ICD-10 F 33.1) from Psychodynamic Point of View“. In Depression Conceptualization and Treatment, 69–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68932-2_6.

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Andersen, Ken H. „Fisheries-Induced Evolution“. In Fish Ecology, Evolution, and Exploitation, 100–116. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691192956.003.0006.

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This chapter develops a basic evolutionary impact assessment of fishing. It does so by combining the size-based theory developed in chapters 3 and 4 with classic quantitative genetics. The impact assessment estimated the selection responses resulting from size-selective fishing on three main life-history traits: size at maturation, growth rate, and investment in reproduction. The predicted selection responses from a fishing mortality comparable to F _msy are on the order of magnitude of 0.1 percent per year, smallest for size at maturation and largest for the investment in reproduction. The responses increase roughly proportional to the fishing mortality, so overfishing will not only result in depleted stocks and suboptimal yield production, but it will also lead to faster fisheries-induced evolution.

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Cooke, Stuart. „Poems“. In Reading the Country: 30 Years On, 68–87. University of Technology, Sydney, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/978-0-6481242-8-3.f.

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„Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries“. In Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries, herausgegeben von Fernando González-Costas und Hilario Murua. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874004.ch19.

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Abstract.—Catch and research survey data for 1992–2005 on the roughhead grenadier Macrourus berglax stock in the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) Subareas 2 and 3 are fitted using the Extended Survivors Analysis (XSA) model. Despite the short time series available, the wide age range of this species, the low fishing mortality level as estimated by XSA, and the lack of convergence in the retrospective analyses, the results showed that the XSA model provides an adequate fit to the data and the XSA estimated trends are similar to those observed in research surveys. Therefore, we conclude that this assessment model could be an appropriate tool to be used in the quantitative assessment of the roughhead grenadier stock in NAFO Subareas 2 and 3. The model results indicated that the stock biomass has been increasing from 1996 to 2005. The biomass estimated for the beginning of 2005 was around 70,000 metric tons (mt), the highest in the time series. Fishing mortality has declined since 1999 and showed the lowest value in the time series in 2005. However, the retrospective analysis indicated a clear retrospective pattern in the model estimates, with fishing mortality underestimated and total biomass overestimated. Over the last few years, there have been two very good recruitments at age 3, which may lead to an increase of the exploitable biomass in the future. The assessment results showed that the current status of the roughhead grenadier stock in Subareas 2 and 3 is acceptable. The values calculated for the yield per recruit reference points were Fmax = 0.130 and F0.1= 0.083.

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Saiz-Alvarez, Jose Manuel. „4-Helix Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Applied to KIBS“. In Handbook of Research on Increasing the Competitiveness of SMEs, 260–80. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9425-3.ch012.

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This chapter studies how 4-helix entrepreneurial ecosystems determine KIBS (Knowledge Intensive Business Services) mainly created by second- and third-generation family firms, and how their family and non-family members influence future entrepreneurs. The answers of 535 full-time students ages 18-24 years old, randomly distributed between men and women, were analyzed. Findings of this chapter are: a) Mothers have the highest impact (39.4%) on their children's decision making compared to fathers (22.4%); b) Professors have the least impact (3.8%); c) Franchises is a good option for business to grow; d) Firms using 3-F (family, friends, and self-financing) strategies and treasury stock operations have a better chance of growing.

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Goldberg, Abbie E. „Imagining and Enacting Birth Family Contact Over Time“. In Open Adoption and Diverse Families, 125–86. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190692032.003.0005.

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This chapter draws from interview data at multiple phases of the family life cycle (preadoption, 3 months postadoption, 5 years postadoption, and 8 years postadoption) to describe the diverse patterns of adoptive–birth family relationships that unfolded, from the perspective of parents who pursued private domestic adoptions. The chapter addresses the intersecting dimensions of structural and communicative openness, with attention to how they change over time. It outlines a typology of contact dynamics over time, such that couples were classified as embodying one of these patterns: (a) low enthusiasm for openness maintained, little contact; (b) increasing enthusiasm for openness, some contact; (c) increasing enthusiasm for openness, little contact; (d) high enthusiasm for openness maintained, some contact; (e) high enthusiasm for openness maintained, no contact; (f) decreasing enthusiasm for openness amid boundary challenges, contact terminated or reduced; and (g) enthusiasm for openness maintained amid boundary challenges, contact maintained.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Year F-3"

Matsumoto, M., T. Tanamoto, S. Yasuda, R. Ohba und S. Fujita. „Time dependent analysis of the applied voltage operation for ensuring 10-year lifetime with SiN MOSFET noise source device“. In 2010 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2010.f-5-3.

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Wallevik, K., J. Inger-slev und S. Stenbjerg Bernvil. „BLOOD BANK PRODUCTION OF HIGH YIELD, HIGH PURITY, HEAT TREATED F VIII CONCENTRATE FROM HEPARINIZED BLOOD“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643970.

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Applying trivial blood bank equipment we have developed a method to produce a heat-treated factor VIII concentrate from heparinized blood with an over-all yield between 40 and 50%, a specific activity around 2 i.u./mg and a low fibrinogen content (3-4 g/1). Electrophoretic multimer analysis of the von Wille-brand factor reveals a band pattern close to that of native plasma. The in vivo recovery is 99±25% and t/2 11.4±2.4 h (n=5). The method includes 3 precipitations in commercial "blood-bag" systems: (1) The classical cryoprecipitation, (2) Precipitation at 0°C of "cold insoluble globulins" including F VUI/vWf, (3) Precipitation of non F VIII/vWf related proteins at 10°C, pH 7.0 and specified ionic conditions.The F VIII rich supernatant is stabilized by amino acids and citrate, freeze dried, and heated to 68°C for 24 h.In our blood bank with ∼40,000 donations per year we have in a year produced ∼1,4 mill i.u. of the High Purity F VIII concentrate. This means that around 16,000 donations per year are collected in heparin, and that F VIII depleted plasma which we deliver for clinical use, either as liquid plasma or as a freeze-dridd product, contains solely heparin (∼4 i.u./ml) as anticoagulant.The method is technically simple which together with the high yield and high purity of the F VIII concentrate makes the production economically profitable. The method is applicable in areas with limited technical resources.We find it also important that F VIII concentrate, manufactured locally from healthy voluntary donors with personal attachment to their blood bank reveals the lowest risk for transmission of diseases to the patients.

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Drouin, J., D. Lillicrap, A. R. Giles, C. A. Izaguirre, S. Windsor und H. Hoogendorn. „ABSENCE OF A BLEEDING TENDENCY IN SEVERE ACQUIRED DEFICIENCY OF PLASMA VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR (vWf)/F. VIII WITH NORMAL PLATELET vWf/F. VIII INDICES“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644116.

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A 67 year old male with IgA myeloma has been investigated for a severe deficiency of plasma vWf/F. VIII but normal platelet vWf/F. VIII. He has no personal history nor family history of bleeding problems. He was initially investigated for a prolonged APTT of 43 secs. (25-40) obtained in a preoperative clotting screen. During this investigation he was found to have IgA myeloma. In retrospect, an APTT prior to uneventful coronary artery bypass surgery two years previously had been prolonged. Routine investigation has shown that platelet count and bleeding time have been repeatedly normal. Plasma F. VIII:C is 0.08 u/ml., F. VIII:Cag 0.07 u/ml., vWf:Ag 0.05 u/ml. and ristocetin cofactor 0.05 u/ml. In contrast, platelet values for vWf:Ag of 53 units/109 platelets and F. VIII:Cag of 176 units/109 platelets are within the normal ranges for our laboratory. The platelet lysate vWf multimer pattern is also normal. Patient's plasma shows inhibitory activity against vWf:Ag but not against either F. VIII:C or ristocetin cofactor activity. When patient plasma is incubated for 60 mins at 37°C with vWf and analysed by crossed Immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) for vWf:Ag, a double arc precipitin line is observed with marked retardation of the first arc. A similar vWf:Ag CIE double precipitin arc is seen following the infusion of cryoprecipitate. T 1/2 for F. VIII:C and vWf:Ag are both reduced following the infusion of cryoprecipitate - F. VIII:C 2 hrs, vWf:Ag 3 trs. No secondary rise in F. VIIIrC is seen at 24 hrs. Despite severe deficiency of plasma vWf/F. VIII, this man does not have a clinical bleeding tendency. We postulate that his plasma vWf/F. VIII deficiency is the result of complexing of his IgA myeloma protein with vWf, resulting in premature clearance of the vWf/F. VIII complex. This case further emphasizes the role of platelet associated coagulation factors in maintaining normal haemostasis.

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Weakley, Christopher K., Steven J. Greenberg, Robert M. Kendall, Neil K. McDougald und Leonel O. Arellano. „Development of Surface-Stabilized Fuel Injectors With Sub-Three PPM NOx Emissions“. In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26088.

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ALZETA Corporation has developed surface-stabilized fuel injectors for use with lean premixed combustors which provide extended turndown and ultra-low NOx emission performance. These injectors use a patented technique to form interacting radiant and blue-flame zones immediately above a selectively-perforated porous metal surface. This allows stable operation at low reaction temperatures. This technology is a successful extension of ALZETA’s line of proven Pyromat™ SB metal fiber burners. A proof-of-concept injector in a full-pressure test rig at NETL in Morgantown, West Virginia achieved sub-3 ppm NOx emissions with concurrent single-digit CO emissions, both corrected to 15% O2. Operating conditions ranged between inlet pressures of 182.4 kPa (1.8 atm) and 1236.2 kPa (12.2 atm), inlet temperatures between 86° C (186° F) and 455° C (850° F) and calculated adiabatic flame temperatures between 1466° C (2670° F) and 1593° C (2900° F). Testing with prototype fuel injectors in test rigs at Solar Turbines last year yielded similar results. In May of 2001, a Solar Saturn 1 MW gas-turbine engine was operated to 95% load with a surface-stabilized injector. Programs are moving forward to adapt these injectors to the Solar Turbines Taurus 60 and Titan 130 engines. Engine tests are scheduled to begin in 2003.

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Tu, Rang, Mengdan Liu und Lanbin Liu. „Heating Conservation Methods and Economy Analysis of Winter Heating in Rural Residential Buildings in Southeast China: A Case Study“. In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10310.

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Abstract In this paper, energy conservation approaches for residential buildings in rural area of southeast China are studied. There used to be no heating habits in rural buildings of southeast China, which is due to the relatively warm weather in winter. However, as the stand of living is increasing, heating in winter has become more popular in recent years. It is quite important to choose proper heating conservation materials taking both initial cost and operating cost into consideration. In this paper, a typical house in southern part of Henan Province is selected for study. It is a two-level house made of bricks, which was built in 2014. A set of radiators were installed for heating in winter. Water, which is heated by electrical heater, is used as heating medium for these radiators. As compared with heat pumps, draft sensation problem is avoided and temperature in the heating space is more uniform. However, operating fee is very high, which makes this heating method less attractive. To reduce power consumption of winter heating, heating load needs to be reduced and the efficiency of heating equipment needs to be increased. In this study, researches are carried out as following. First, a model is built in DeST, which is a software that can calculate hourly heating load and room temperature. Then, the effect of thermal preservation quality of envelops on room temperature and heating load are investigated. Six models with different envelopes are simulated. Then, heating load as well as power consumptions of electrical heaters and heat pumps among the six envelopes are compared. Lastly, economic analysis is carried out for the energy efficient retrofit case so that the payback period is calculated. The results show that heating load capacity of case F, envelope of which made of 240 bricks plus foamed plastic and hollow glass windows, can be reduced to 1/3 that of case A, envelope of which made of 240 bricks and single glass windows. Considering power consumptions of both compressors and fans, energy consumption density (divided by area) can be reduced from 21.6∼25 kWh·m−2·year−1 of case A, which has the worst heat conservation property, to 6.7∼7.7 kWh·m−2·year−1 of case F. If the building is improved from case A to case F and heat pumps are adopted, the payback period is 3.3∼3.8 years. Because of high cost of window retrofit and small influence of its heat conservation property on the reduction of heating capacity, it is recommended to just improve walls. Air tightness of window is more effective than thermal quality.

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Greenberg, Steven J., Neil K. McDougald, Christopher K. Weakley, Robert M. Kendall und Leonel O. Arellano. „Surface-Stabilized Fuel Injectors With Sub-Three ppm NOx Emissions for a 5.5 MW Gas Turbine Engine“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38489.

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ALZETA Corporation has developed surface-stabilized fuel injectors for use with lean premixed combustors which provide extended turndown and ultra-low NOx emission performance. These injectors use a patented technique to form interacting radiant and blue-flame zones immediately above a selectively-perforated porous metal surface. This allows stable operation at low reaction temperatures. A previous ASME paper (IJPGC2002-26088) described the development of this technology from the proof-of-concept stage to prototype testing. In 2002 development of these fuel injectors for the 5.5 MW turbine accelerated. Additional single-injector rig tests were performed which also demonstrated ultra-low emissions of NOX and CO at pressures up to 1.68 MPa (16.6 atm) and inlet temperatures up to 670 °K (750 °F). A pressurized multi injector ‘sector rig’ test was conducted in which two injectors were operated simultaneously in the same geometric configuration as that expected in the engine combustor liner. The multi-injector package was operated with various combinations of fired and unfired injectors, which resulted in low emissions performance and no adverse affects due to injector proximity. To date sub-3 ppm NOx emissions with sub-10 ppm CO emissions have been obtained over an operating range of 0.18 to 1.68 MPa (1.8 to 16.6 atm), inlet temperatures from 340 to 670 °K (186 to 750 °F), and adiabatic flame temperatures from 1740 to 1840 °K (2670 to 2850 °F). A full scale multi-injector engine simulation is scheduled for the beginning of 2003, with engine tests beginning later that year.

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Grace, Dale, und Thomas Christiansen. „Risk-Based Assessment of Unplanned Outage Events and Costs for Combined-Cycle-Plants“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68435.

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Unexpected outages and maintenance costs reduce plant availability and can consume significant resources to restore the unit to service. Although companies may have the means to estimate cash flow requirements for scheduled maintenance and on-going operations, estimates for unplanned maintenance and its impact on revenue are more difficult to quantify, and a large fleet is needed for accurate assessment of its variability. This paper describes a study that surveyed 388 combined-cycle plants based on 164 D/E-class and 224 F-class gas turbines, for the time period of 1995 to 2009. Strategic Power Systems, Inc. (SPS®), manager of the Operational Reliability Analysis Program (ORAP®), identified the causes and durations of forced outages and unscheduled maintenance and established overall reliability and availability profiles for each class of plant in 3 five-year time periods. This study of over 3,000 unit-years of data from 50 Hz and 60 Hz combined-cycle plants provides insight into the types of events having the largest impact on unplanned outage time and cost, as well as the risks of lost revenue and unplanned maintenance costs which affect plant profitability. Outage events were assigned to one of three subsystems: the gas turbine equipment, heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) equipment, or steam turbine equipment, according to the Electric Power Research Institute’s Equipment Breakdown Structure (EBS). Costs to restore the unit to service for each main outage cause were estimated, as were net revenues lost due to unplanned outages. A statistical approach to estimated costs and lost revenues provides a risk-based means to quantify the impact of unplanned events on plant cash flow as a function of class of gas turbine, plant subsystem, and historical timeframe. This statistical estimate of the costs of unplanned outage events provides the risk-based assessment needed to define the range of probable costs of unplanned events. Results presented in this paper demonstrate that non-fuel operation and maintenance costs are increased by roughly 8% in a typical combined-cycle power plant due to unplanned maintenance events, but that a wide range of costs can occur in any single year.

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Feitelberg, Alan S., und Michael A. Lacey. „The GE Rich-Quench-Lean Gas Turbine Combustor“. In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-127.

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The General Electric Company has developed and successfully tested a full-scale, ‘F’ class (2550°F combustor exit temperature), rich-quench-lean (RQL) gas turbine combustor, designated RQL2, for low heating value (LHV) fuel and integrated gasification combined cycle applications. Although the primary objective of this effort was to develop an RQL combustor with lower conversion of fuel bound nitrogen to NOx than a conventional gas turbine combustor, the RQL2 design can be readily adapted to natural gas and liquid fuel combustion. RQL2 is the culmination of a 5 year research and development effort that began with natural gas tests of a 2″ diameter perforated plate combustor and included LHV fuel tests of RQL1, a reduced scale (6″ diameter) gas turbine combustor. The RQL2 combustor includes a 14″ diameter converging rich stage liner, an impingement cooled 7″ diameter radially-stratified-quench stage, and a backward facing step at the entrance to a 10″ diameter film cooled lean stage. The rich stage combustor liner has a novel double-walled structure with narrow circumferential cooling channels to maintain metal wall temperatures within design limits. Provisions were made to allow independent control of the air supplied to the rich and quench/lean stages. RQL2 has been fired for almost 100 hours with LHV fuel supplied by a pilot scale coal gasification and high temperature desulfurization system. At the optimum rich stage equivalence ratio NOx emissions were about 50 ppmv (on a dry, 15% O2 basis), more than a factor of 3 lower than expected from a conventional diffusion flame combustor burning the same fuel. With 4600 ppmv NH3 in the LHV fuel, this corresponds to a conversion of NH3 to NOx of about 5%. As conditions were shifted away from the optimum, RQL2 NOx emissions gradually increased until they were comparable to a standard combustor. A chemical kinetic model of RQL2, constructed from a series of ideal chemical reactors, matched the measured NOx emissions fairly well. The CO emissions were between 5 and 30 ppmv (on a dry, 15% O2 basis) under all conditions.

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Wang, Xun, und Yunhan Xiao. „Predicting the Performance of System for the Co-Production of Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Liquid and Power From Coal“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-27693.

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A co-production system based on FT synthesis reactor and gas turbine was simulated and analyzed. Syngas from entrained bed coal gasification was used as feedstock of low temperature slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch reactor. Raw synthetic liquid produced was fractioned and upgraded to diesel, gasoline and LPG. Tail gas composed of unconverted syngas and F-T light component was fed to gas turbine. Supplemental fuel (NG, or refinery mine gas) might be necessary, which was dependent on gas turbine capacity, expander through flow capacity, etc. FT yield information was important to the simulation of this co-production system. A correlation model based on Mobil’s two step pilot plant was applied. This model proposed triple chain-length-dependent chain growth factors and set up correlations among reaction temperature with wax yield, methane yield, and C2-C22 paraffin and olefin yields. Oxygenates in hydrocarbon phase, water phase and vapor phase were also correlated with methane yield. It was suitable for syngas, iron catalyst and slurry bed. It can show the effect of temperature on products’ selectivity and distribution. Deviations of C5+ components yields and distributions with reference data were less than 3%. To light gas components were less than 2%. User models available to predict product yields, distributions, cooperate with other units and do sensitive studies were embedded into Aspen plus simulation. Performance prediction of syngas fired gas turbine was the other key of this system. The increase in mass flow through the turbine affects the match between compressor and turbine operating conditions. The calculation was carried out by GS software developed by Politecnico Di Milano and Princeton University. The simulated performance assumed that the expander operates under choked conditions and turbine inlet temperature equals to NG fired gas turbine. A “F” technology gas turbine was selected to generate power. Various cases were investigated so as to match FT synthesis island, power island and gasification island in co-production systems. Effects of CO2 removal/LPG recovery, co-firing, CH4 content variation were studied. Simulation results indicated that more than 50% of input energy was converted to electricity and FT products. Total yield of gasoline, diesel and LPG was 136g-155g/NM3(CO+H2). At coal feed 21.9kg/s, net electricity exported to grid was higher than 100MW. Total production of diesel and gasoline (and LPG) was 118,000 tons(134,000tons)/Year. Under economic analysis conditions assumed in this paper, co-production system was economic feasible. The after tax profits can research 17 million EURO. Payback times were ranged from 6-7 years.

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Hagen, O̸istein, Gunnar Solland und Jan Mathisen. „Extreme Storm Wave Histories for Cyclic Check of Offshore Structures“. In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20941.

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Offshore platform resistance to cyclic storm actions is addressed. In order to achieve the best economy of the structure especially when assessing existing structures, the ultimate capacity of the structure is utilized. This means that parts of the structure may be loaded into the non-linear range and consequently the load-carrying resistance of the structure against future load cycles may be reduced. In such cases it is required to carry out a check of the cyclic capacity of the structure. Such checks are required in the ISO 19902 code for Fixed Steel Offshore Structures. The paper presents a proposal for how a load history for cyclic checks can be established. The method is in line with what is included in the NORSOK N-006 standard on “Assessment of structural integrity for existing load-bearing structures”. The load-history for the waves in the design storm may be expressed as ratio of the dimensioning wave. The ratio will be different for check of failure modes where the entire storm will be relevant such as crack growth, compared to failure modes like buckling where only the remaining waves after the dimensioning wave need to be accounted for. Using simple order statistics and simulation, the statistics for the ith (Hi), i = 1, 2, 3, 4 etc. highest wave in the storm is studied in some detail, assuming that the maximum wave (H1) is equal to an extreme wave obtained by a code requirement. Environmental contours for the pair (H1,H2) are established by Inverse FORM for design conditions. Further, the long term statistics for load effects that are expressed as a function of H1, .., H4, i.e. L = f(H1, .., H4), are determined. The R-year value LR for the load effect L is determined by structural reliability techniques, and the most probable combination (design point) (H1*, .., H4*) for L = LR is determined. The design point values Hi*, as well as the design point value for the significant wave height, are determined for different load effects, and their characteristics for different types of load effects are discussed. The paper gives advice also on how to establish the magnitude for the remaining waves in the storm.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Year F-3"

MacPhee, T. Coprocessing consortium - year 3 progress report: project f 5 coprocessing residues as binder additives to coking coal blends. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304549.

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Watts, Benjamin E., Danielle E. Kennedy, Ethan W. Thomas, Andrew P. Bernier und Jared I. Oren. Long-Term Durability of Cold Weather Concrete : Phase II. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), Januar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39579.

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Recent laboratory results confirm that it is possible to protect concrete from freezing solely using chemical admixtures and indicate that the amount of admixture required may be significantly less than previously recommended. Researchers have also verified that admixture-based freeze protection can produce concrete that is durable to winter exposure for a minimum of 20 years, through petrographic examination of core specimens obtained from past field demonstrations. Freeze protection for concrete using chemical admixtures alone has been an area of active research for 3 decades; however, the most recent methodology recommends very high addition rates of accelerating and corrosion inhibiting admixtures, which result in significant challenges, including slump loss, rapid setting, and potentially excessive temperature rise. As part of a laboratory study, researchers systematically varied the dosage of freeze protection admixtures used in concrete cured in a 23 °F environment. Preliminary findings indicate that a 50% reduction in admixture dose maintained adequate freeze protection and resulted in compressive strengths exceeding those of room-temperature controls at 7 and 28 days. The combination of improved handling, reduced cost, and verified durability associated with the use of admixtures for freeze protection makes a compelling case for broader adoption of this technique in winter operations

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Brandt, Leslie A., Cait Rottler, Wendy S. Gordon, Stacey L. Clark, Lisa O'Donnell, April Rose, Annamarie Rutledge und Emily King. Vulnerability of Austin’s urban forest and natural areas: A report from the Urban Forestry Climate Change Response Framework. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Northern Forests Climate Hub, Oktober 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.7204069.ch.

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The trees, developed green spaces, and natural areas within the City of Austin’s 400,882 acres will face direct and indirect impacts from a changing climate over the 21st century. This assessment evaluates the vulnerability of urban trees and natural and developed landscapes within the City Austin to a range of future climates. We synthesized and summarized information on the contemporary landscape, provided information on past climate trends, and illustrated a range of projected future climates. We used this information to inform models of habitat suitability for trees native to the area. Projected shifts in plant hardiness and heat zones were used to understand how less common native species, nonnative species, and cultivars may tolerate future conditions. We also assessed the adaptability of planted and naturally occurring trees to stressors that may not be accounted for in habitat suitability models such as drought, flooding, wind damage, and air pollution. The summary of the contemporary landscape identifies major stressors currently threatening trees and forests in Austin. Major current threats to the region’s urban forest include invasive species, pests and disease, and development. Austin has been warming at a rate of about 0.4°F per decade since measurements began in 1938 and temperature is expected to increase by 5 to 10°F by the end of this century compared to the most recent 30-year average. Both increases in heavy rain events and severe droughts are projected for the future, and the overall balance of precipitation and temperature may shift Austin’s climate to be more similar to the arid Southwest. Species distribution modeling of native trees suggests that suitable habitat may decrease for 14 primarily northern species, and increase for four more southern species. An analysis of tree species vulnerability that combines model projections, shifts in hardiness and heat zones, and adaptive capacity showed that only 3% of the trees estimated to be present in Austin based on the most recent Urban FIA estimate were considered to have low vulnerability in developed areas. Using a panel of local experts, we also assessed the vulnerability of developed and natural areas. All areas were rated as having moderate to moderate-high vulnerability, but the underlying factors driving that vulnerability differed by natural community and between East and West Austin. These projected changes in climate and their associated impacts and vulnerabilities will have important implications for urban forest management, including the planting and maintenance of street and park trees, management of natural areas, and long-term planning.

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