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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Wounds and injuries – epidemiology death – Causes"
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Gouda, Hebe N., Riley H. Hazard, Seri Maraga, Abraham D. Flaxman, Andrea Stewart, Jonathan C. Joseph, Patricia Rarau et al. „The epidemiological transition in Papua New Guinea: new evidence from verbal autopsy studies“. International Journal of Epidemiology 48, Nr. 3 (26.03.2019): 966–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz018.
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Abstract Background Recent economic growth in Papua New Guinea (PNG) would suggest that the country may be experiencing an epidemiological transition, characterized by a reduction in infectious diseases and a growing burden from non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, data on cause-specific mortality in PNG are very sparse, and the extent of the transition within the country is poorly understood. Methods Mortality surveillance was established in four small populations across PNG: West Hiri in Central Province, Asaro Valley in Eastern Highlands Province, Hides in Hela Province and Karkar Island in Madang Province. Verbal autopsies (VAs) were conducted on all deaths identified, and causes of death were assigned by SmartVA and classified into five broad disease categories: endemic NCDs; emerging NCDs; endemic infections; emerging infections; and injuries. Results from previous PNG VA studies, using different VA methods and spanning the years 1970 to 2001, are also presented here. Results A total of 868 deaths among adolescents and adults were identified and assigned a cause of death. NCDs made up the majority of all deaths (40.4%), with the endemic NCD of chronic respiratory disease responsible for the largest proportion of deaths (10.5%), followed by the emerging NCD of diabetes (6.2%). Emerging infectious diseases outnumbered endemic infectious diseases (11.9% versus 9.5%). The distribution of causes of death differed across the four sites, with emerging NCDs and emerging infections highest at the site that is most socioeconomically developed, West Hiri. Comparing the 1970–2001 VA series with the present study suggests a large decrease in endemic infections. Conclusions Our results indicate immediate priorities for health service planning and for strengthening of vital registration systems, to more usefully serve the needs of health priority setting.
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Ramdass, MJ, und P. Harnarayan. „A decade of major vascular trauma: Lessons learned from gang and civilian warfare“. Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 99, Nr. 1 (Januar 2017): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2016.0296.
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INTRODUCTION Trinidad and Tobago is a trans-shipment point for the illegal trade of drugs, arms and ammunition and, as such, has a high incidence of gang-related warfare and drug-related crimes. This has led to a high incidence of gunshot and stab wounds, with associated major vascular injuries. We describe our management strategies learned from a decade of vascular trauma experience. METHODS A retrospective analysis of age, gender, type of trauma, vessel injured, procedure and outcome for all cases of vascular trauma between 2006 and 2015 at two surgical units in Trinidad and Tobago. RESULTS There were 198 vascular trauma cases (232 procedures), involving 159 (80%) males at a mean age of 33 years. Gunshots accounted for 103 (52%) cases, followed by stabs/chops (n=50; 25%) and lacerations (n=15; 8%). The most commonly injured vessels were the radial/ulnar arteries (n=39; 20%) and the superficial femoral artery (n=37; 19%). There were seven pseudoaneurysms and three traumatic arteriovenous fistulae. Repair techniques included primary (n=82; 35%), reversed vein (n=63; 27%), polytetrafluoroethylene (n=58; 25%), oversew (n=24; 10%) and endovascular (n=5; 2%) techniques. There were eight (4%) secondary amputations and eight (4%) deaths. CONCLUSIONS Major vascular trauma causes significant morbidity and mortality in Trinidad and Tobago, with the majority of cases due to gunshot injuries secondary to gang-related warfare and civilian violence. We compare our experience with that in the literature on the epidemiology and management of vascular trauma.
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Jaiswal, K. Ashish, Himanshu Aggarwal, Pooja Solanki, P. S. Lubana, R. K. Mathur und Sudarshan Odiya. „Epidemiological and socio-cultural study of burn patients in m. y. hospital, indore, india“. Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 40, Nr. 02 (Juli 2007): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1699195.
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ABSTRACT Background: developing countries have a high incidence of burn injuries, creating a formidable public health problem. the exact number of cases is difficult to determine: however in a country like india, with a population of over 1 billion, we would estimate 700,000 to 800,000 burn admissions annually. objective: the study was done to investigate the epidemiology of various causations and their outcomes in terms of morbidity and mortality. also, the effect of social stigma and cultural issues associated with burns on the victim and his family was assessed.Materials and methods: All burn cases (n=412) admitted to the burns unit of m. y. hospital, indore over a period of one year (2005-2006) were investigated. the data regarding sex, age predisposition, geographical origin, mode and nature of injury were obtained by questionnaire-interview with the patient themselves. clinical assessment was done in the form of depth and extent of injury and complications. in case of mortality, again various factors like age, sex and cause of death were analyzed. the data was analyzed by spss 11.0 version. the interrelationship between various factors was studied using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: Burns were found more commonly in middle-aged groups. the incidence was more in females as an absolute number (70.3%) as well as when stratified by age. most burns were domestic, with cooking being the most prevalent activity. flame (80.3%) was the most common agent. most of the cases of burn were accidental (67.7%). moreover, the patients had third degree burn that leads to more mortality in our circumstances. death occurred in more than one-half (62.3%) of cases with septicaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (35.4%) as the leading causes. when using logistic regression analysis, the outcome of the burn injury was significantly associated with degree, depth, extent and mode of injury.Conclusion: This series provides an overview of the most important aspects of burn injuries for hospital and non-hospital healthcare workers. the majority of deep burns are accidental, seen in middle-aged housewives as a result of flame burns, and lead to death. so measures should be taken to provide proper education to prevent these accidents and ensure safety.
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Macpherson, Alison K., und Michael J. Schull. „Penetrating trauma in Ontario emergency departments: a population-based study“. CJEM 9, Nr. 01 (Januar 2007): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500014688.
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ABSTRACT Background: There is a paucity of population-based research on health service utilization related to penetrating trauma in Canada, even though such trauma can result in serious injury or death, and gunshot wounds have been labelled the “the new public health issue.” Complete epidemiologic data, including emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations, for penetrating trauma is not available. The objective of this paper is to describe the epidemiology of ED visits for firearm-related and knife-related penetrating trauma in one Canadian province. Methods: All EDs in the province of Ontario (pop. approx. 12 400 000 at the time of the study) submit data on ED visits to the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System. This database includes patients' demographic information (i.e., age, sex and geographic area of residence), the reason for the visit, disposition (i.e., admitted to hospital or sent home), and other diagnostic information. For visits related to injuries, the cause of injury is also reported (e-codes according to the Canadian Enhancement to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th rev [ICD-10-CA]). All patients seen in Ontario EDs for an injury related to a firearm, knife, or sharp object, were included in our study. Results: Of the 1.2 million ED visits in 2002-03 for trauma in Ontario, 40 240 (3.4%) patients were treated for injuries relating to penetrating trauma. Most patients were male, and most were 15–24 years of age. Penetrating trauma was frequently a result of knives or sharp objects (39 654 visits or 98.5%); only 1.5% (n = 586) of these injuries were caused by firearms. Of those hospitalized, 151 were related to firearms and 1455 were related to knives/ sharp objects. Conclusions: Analyzing administrative data provides an estimate of the impact of penetrating trauma on a population, thereby providing prevention programs with data upon which to design their strategies. Evidence-based prevention strategies are needed to reduce the burden of penetrating trauma. Monitoring ED and hospitalization data over time will help to assess trends and provide evidence for the effectiveness of such strategies.
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Saeid, Feyzizadeh, Javadi Aniseh, Badalzadeh Reza und Vafaee S. Manouchehr. „Signaling mediators modulated by cardioprotective interventions in healthy and diabetic myocardium with ischaemia–reperfusion injury“. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 25, Nr. 14 (14.02.2018): 1463–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047487318756420.
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Ischaemic heart diseases are one of the major causes of death in the world. In most patients, ischaemic heart disease is coincident with other risk factors such as diabetes. Patients with diabetes are more prone to cardiac ischaemic dysfunctions including ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Ischaemic preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditionings are reliable interventions to protect the myocardium against ischaemia–reperfusion injuries through activating various signaling pathways and intracellular mediators. Diabetes can disrupt the intracellular signaling cascades involved in these myocardial protections, and studies have revealed that cardioprotective effects of the conditioning interventions are diminished in the diabetic condition. The complex pathophysiology and poor prognosis of ischaemic heart disease among people with diabetes necessitate the investigation of the interaction of diabetes with ischaemia–reperfusion injury and cardioprotective mechanisms. Reducing the outcomes of ischaemia–reperfusion injury using targeted strategies would be particularly helpful in this population. In this study, we review the protective interventional signaling pathways and mediators which are activated by ischaemic conditioning strategies in healthy and diabetic myocardium with ischaemia–reperfusion injury.
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Deng, Hansen, John K. Yue, Ethan A. Winkler, Sanjay S. Dhall, Geoffrey T. Manley und Phiroz E. Tarapore. „Pediatric firearm-related traumatic brain injury in United States trauma centers“. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 24, Nr. 5 (November 2019): 498–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.5.peds19119.
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OBJECTIVEPediatric firearm injury is a leading cause of death and disability in the youth of the United States. The epidemiology of and outcomes following gunshot wounds to the head (GSWHs) are in need of systematic characterization. Here, the authors analyzed pediatric GSWHs from a population-based sample to identify predictors of prolonged hospitalization, morbidity, and death.METHODSAll patients younger than 18 years of age and diagnosed with a GSWH in the National Sample Program (NSP) of the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) in 2003–2012 were eligible for inclusion in this study. Variables of interest included injury intent, firearm type, site of incident, age, sex, race, health insurance, geographic region, trauma center level, isolated traumatic brain injury (TBI), hypotension in the emergency department, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and Injury Severity Score (ISS). Risk predictors for a prolonged hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality were identified. Odds ratios, mean increases or decreases (B), and 95% confidence intervals were reported. Statistical significance was assessed at α < 0.001 accounting for multiple comparisons.RESULTSIn a weighted sample of 2847 pediatric patients with GSWHs, the mean age was 14.8 ± 3.3 years, 79.2% were male, and 59.0% had severe TBI (GCS score 3–8). The mechanism of assault (63.0%), the handgun as firearm (45.6%), and an injury incurred in a residential area (40.6%) were most common. The mean hospital length of stay was 11.6 ± 14.4 days for the survivors, for whom suicide injuries involved longer hospitalizations (B = 5.9-day increase, 95% CI 3.3–8.6, p < 0.001) relative to those for accidental injuries. Mortality was 45.1% overall but was greater with injury due to suicidal intent (mortality 71.5%, p < 0.001) or caused by a shotgun (mortality 56.5%, p < 0.001). Lower GCS scores, higher ISSs, and emergency room hypotension predicted poorer outcomes. Patients with private insurance had lower mortality odds than those with Medicare/Medicaid (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.7–3.4, p < 0.001) or government insurance (OR 3.6, 95% CI 2.2–5.8, p < 0.001). Management at level II centers, compared to level I, was associated with lower odds of returning home (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2–0.5, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSFrom 2003 to 2012, with regard to pediatric TBI hospitalizations due to GSWHs, their proportion remained stable, those caused by accidental injuries decreased, and those attributable to suicide increased. Overall mortality was 45%. Hypotension, cranial and overall injury severity, and suicidal intent were associated with poor prognoses. Patients treated at level II trauma centers had lower odds of being discharged home. Given the spectrum of risk factors that predispose children to GSWHs, emphasis on screening, parental education, and standardization of critical care management is needed to improve outcomes.
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Pradhan, Subrat Kumar, Himansu Prasad Acharya, Rudra Prasanna Mishra, Jay Kumar Panda, Durga Madhab Satapathy und Sanjeeb Kumar Mishra. „Epidemiology of Fatal Injuries reported in the mortuary of a tertiary care hospital“. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, Nr. 2 (24.01.2019): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190182.
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Background: Injuries are an increasingly recognized global, preventable public health problem and are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in adult population. The major causes of injury related deaths may be intentional and unintentional. The major unintentional or “accidental” causes are road traffic accidents (RTAs), falls and drowning whereas the leading intentional causes are suicide and homicide. A robust Surveillance System for Injury Mortality is almost non-existent in our country due to which the data for the same is not available and haphazard. Keeping these factors in mind, the following study was under taken to identify the various epidemiological factors related to fatal injury cases.Methods: A record based retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Community Medicine, VSSIMAR, Burla, Odisha. The data were collected from the autopsy reports preserved at the Dept of FM & T, VSSIMSAR. Variables like age, sex, number of injury cause of death, place of death etc. were collected. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using proportions and percentages.Results: The age group 25-44 years recorded the maximum number of deaths (37.49%). Males suffered the highest casualty accounting for 61.85% of deaths. Unintentional fatal injuries constituted 63.58% of deaths. The most number of fatal injuries resulting in deaths were RTAs (36.41%).Conclusions: The age group 25-44 years recorded maximum deaths. Males were the major death victims. RTAs constituted maximum of deaths among unintentional fatal injuries. Homicidal injuries constituted maximum of deaths due to intentional fatal injuries.
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Mohanty, Sachidananda, Manoj Kumar Mohanty, Manoj Kumar Panigrahi und Sreemanta Kumar. „Fatal Head Injury in Homicidal Victims“. Medicine, Science and the Law 45, Nr. 3 (Juli 2005): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmmsl.45.3.244.
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Homicide represents one of the leading causes of death, and the head is the target in the majority of cases. The objective of the present study was to analyze the pattern of head injury among homicidal death victims. Information was obtained by interviewing the accompanying persons, post-mortem examination and perusal of hospital records. Most of the victims were predominantly male and belonged in the age group 21-30 years. Blunt weapons caused the majority of the injuries. Defence wounds were present in 48% of the victims. The street was the place of crime in the majority of cases (46.7%) and in most of the cases there was more than one offender. Multiple assaults were seen on the body in 70% of cases. The skull was fractured in more than 80% of victims and intracranial haemorrhages were seen in 47 victims. Out of 77 cases, 55 victims showed intracranial lesions along with injuries to the skull and scalp. Associated fatal injuries were most commonly present on the neck and chest. The majority of the victims died instantly or within 24 hours. Blunt force is commonly used when the head is the target. Defence wounds, when present, are indicative of the homicidal nature of the attack, and multiple strokes present over the body indicate determination on the part of the accused to end the life of the victim.
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Golovko, K. P., V. Yu Markevich, T. Yu Suprun, A. B. Vertiy, S. E. Komyagin, N. A. Zhirnova und I. M. Samokhvalov. „Prospects for improving pre-hospital care for wounded with gunshot penetrating wounds to the chest“. Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 22, Nr. 3 (15.12.2020): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma50550.
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Abstract. The analysis of injuries, life-threatening consequences and outcomes of treatment of wounded with penetrating chest wounds and the results of approbation of a prototype (medical) disposable set UD-02v for the elimination of strained and open pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural drainage and collection of spilled blood with the possibility of subsequent reinfusion at the pre-hospital stage is presented. The prototype of the UD-02v set was created as part of the implementation of the state defense order in 2018. Its creation is due to the fact that despite the improvement of medical care at the stages of medical evacuation and the widespread use of individual armor protection, chest injuries currently remain a frequent type of combat surgical injury, accounting for 6 to 12% of all injuries. The main cause of death of injured and injured with chest injuries remains blood loss caused by continuing intrapleural bleeding and concomitant damage to other anatomical areas. Stressful pneumothorax, together with intrapleural bleeding, account for 93% of preventable causes of fatal chest injuries at the pre-hospital stage. Untimely elimination of the consequences of severe breast injuries should be considered as a negative factor affecting the outcome of treatment, and significant improvement in treatment results should be expected only in the case of early elimination of the most severe consequences of breast injuries. The developed set of UD-02v exceeds foreign medical devices in its medical and technical characteristics, and is the most promising for acceptance for the supply of the Armed forces of the Russian Federation as part of the samples of complete and service equipment.
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Hocking, DP, FG Marx, WMG Parker, JP Rule, SGC Cleuren, AD Mitchell, M. Hunter, JD Bell, EMG Fitzgerald und AR Evans. „Inferring diet, feeding behaviour and causes of mortality from prey-induced injuries in a New Zealand fur seal“. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 139 (30.04.2020): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03473.
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New Zealand fur seals Arctocephalus forsteri are the most abundant of the 4 otariid (eared seal) species distributed across Australasia. Analyses of stomach contents, scats and regurgitates suggest a diet dominated by bony fish and squid, with cartilaginous species (e.g. sharks and rays) either absent or underrepresented because of a lack of preservable hard parts. Here we report on a subadult specimen from south-eastern Australia, which was found ashore emaciated and with numerous puncture wounds across its lips, cheeks, throat and the inside of its oral cavity. Fish spines embedded in the carcass revealed that these injuries were inflicted by chimaeras and myliobatiform rays (stingrays and relatives), which matches reports on the diet of A. forsteri from New Zealand, but not South Australia. Shaking and tearing of prey at the surface may help to avoid ingestion of the venomous spines, perhaps contributing to their absence from scats and regurgitates. Nevertheless, the number and severity of the facial stab wounds, some of which led to local necrosis, likely affected the animal’s ability to feed, and may account for its death. Despite their detrimental effects, fish spine-related injuries are difficult to spot, and may be a common, albeit cryptic, type of trauma. We therefore recommend that stranded seals be systematically examined for this potentially life-threatening pathology.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Wounds and injuries – epidemiology death – Causes"
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Shepherd, Gareth William Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. „Automating the aetiological classification of descriptive injury data“. Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Safety Science, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24934.
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Injury now surpasses disease as the leading global cause of premature death and disability, claiming over 5.8 millions lives each year. However, unlike disease, which has been subjected to a rigorous epidemiologic approach, the field of injury prevention and control has been a relative newcomer to scientific investigation. With the distribution of injury now well described (i.e. ???who???, ???what???, ???where??? and ???when???), the underlying hypothesis is that progress in understanding ???how??? and ???why??? lies in classifying injury occurrences aetiologically. The advancement of a means of classifying injury aetiology has so far been inhibited by two related limitations: 1. Structural limitation: The absence of a cohesive and validated aetiological taxonomy for injury, and; 2. Methodological limitation: The need to manually classify large numbers of injury cases to determine aetiological patterns. This work is directed at overcoming these impediments to injury research. An aetiological taxonomy for injury was developed consistent with epidemiologic principles, along with clear conventions and a defined three-tier hierarchical structure. Validation testing revealed that the taxonomy could be applied with a high degree of accuracy (coder/gold standard agreement was 92.5-95.0%), and with high inter- and intra- coder reliability (93.0-96.3% and 93.5-96.3%). Practical application demonstrated the emergence of strong aetiological patterns which provided insight into causative sequences leading to injury, and led to the identification of effective control measures to reduce injury frequency and severity. However, limitations related to the inefficient and error-prone manual classification process (i.e. average 4.75 minute/case processing time and 5.0-7.5% error rate), revealed the need for an automated approach. To overcome these limitations, a knowledge acquisition (KA) software tool was developed, tested and applied, based on an expertsystems technique known as ripple down rules (RDR). It was found that the KA system was able acquire tacit knowledge from a human expert and apply learned rules to efficiently and accurately classify large numbers of injury cases. Ultimately, coding error rates dropped to 3.1%, which, along with an average 2.50 minute processing time, compared favourably with results from manual classification. As such, the developed taxonomy and KA tool offer significant advantages to injury researchers who have a need to deduce useful patterns from injury data and test hypotheses regarding causation and prevention.
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Randall, Lee. „"Coffins on wheels" a bioethical study of work conditions, driver behaviour and road safety in the Johannesburg minibus taxi industry“. Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/28108.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Bioethics and Health Law
Johannesburg, 2019Road traffic injuries and deaths (RTID) are a global public health crisis affecting the ethically charged road traffic system, and disproportionately affect the poor. By world standards South Africa has extremely high crash rates and in many respects is failing to apply road safety best practice, despite being a signatory to the UN Decade of Action for Road Safety 20112020. In the economic hub of Johannesburg the minibus taxi industry (MTI) is a dominant mode of paratransit (informal public transport) which offers flexible and affordable services and helps reduce the social divide caused by the lingering spatial realities of apartheid. It is also a source of economic empowerment and much-needed jobs – however, as with paratransit systems elsewhere, unsafe driving is common and many of the taxis are elderly or defective. Frequent MTI crashes contribute to Johannesburg’s road deaths being more than triple the international city average. Members of the public tend to vilify MTI drivers and ascribe a high degree of moral responsibility to them, but this intuitive reasoning seems to disregard their work conditions and how these affect their driving behavior. It also fails to take into account the South African road safety status quo and the possibility that MTI drivers are akin to an indicator species in relation to the ills of our road traffic system. Prevailing views of road safety are shaped by the Vision Zero philosophy and the Safe System approach, which assign responsibilities both to road users and to system designers. In line with this, my study addresses the question of what moral responsibilities should be ascribed, and to whom, in relation to reducing RTID in the Johannesburg MTI. I answer this bioethical question by means of a dual descriptive-normative inquiry. My descriptive inquiry is based on my mixed-methods empirical research with drivers, aimed at addressing the dearth of knowledge of their work conditions and tapping their views on crash causation and road safety responsibilities. My results, viewed against the backdrop of road safety best practice, lead me to label the operating principles of the Johannesburg MTI ‘contra-constitutional’ due to their violating the drivers’ labour rights as well as the human rights of drivers, passengers and other road users alike. I also analyse the South African road safety situation with regards to road safety best practice and comparative information from three groups of reference countries: the BRICS, our African neighbours (and two other African countries with similar paratransit), and several aspirational countries with very low RTID. This analysis leads me to develop the term ‘crashogenic’ to describe our road traffic system. My normative inquiry draws on arguments which have been made by other authors focusing on moral considerations in relation to road safety. It applies Nihlen Falquist’s moral responsibility ascription framework – developed with regards to Sweden’s Vision Zero policy – in a novel fashion, employing graphical representation in addition to narrative reasoning. Thus, I use her three categories of blame responsibility, causal responsibility and forwardlooking responsibility and ascribe specific moral responsibilities to identified rolepayers, with a view to reducing RTID in the Johannesburg MTI. My study makes an original contribution to the bioethical debate on road safety, with a unique South African perspective. It also extends the existing knowledge base regarding drivers’ work conditions in paratransit systems.
MT 2019
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Gunst, Mark Sayyar Roudsari Bahman. „Changing epidemiology of trauma deaths leads to a bimodal distribution“. 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1458228.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBücher zum Thema "Wounds and injuries – epidemiology death – Causes"
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Wahl, Joachim. 15000 Jahre Mord und Totschlag: Anthropologen auf der Spur spektakulärer Verbrechen. Stuttgart: Theiss, 2012.
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United States. Administration on Aging. Reducing fire-related injury and death among the elderly: Final report. Upper Marlboro, Md. (400 Prince George's Blvd., Upper Marlboro 20772-8731): NAHB National Research Center, 1990.
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Aging, United States Administration on. Reducing fire-related injury and death among the elderly: Final report. Upper Marlboro, Md. (400 Prince George's Blvd., Upper Marlboro 20772-8731): NAHB National Research Center, 1990.
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United States. Administration on Aging. Reducing fire-related injury and death among the elderly: Final report. Upper Marlboro, Md. (400 Prince George's Blvd., Upper Marlboro 20772-8731): NAHB National Research Center, 1990.
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Aging, United States Administration on. Reducing fire-related injury and death among the elderly: Final report. Upper Marlboro, Md. (400 Prince George's Blvd., Upper Marlboro 20772-8731): NAHB National Research Center, 1990.
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United States. Administration on Aging. Reducing fire-related injury and death among the elderly: Final report. Upper Marlboro, Md. (400 Prince George's Blvd., Upper Marlboro 20772-8731): NAHB National Research Center, 1990.
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United States. Administration on Aging. Reducing fire-related injury and death among the elderly: Final report. Upper Marlboro, Md. (400 Prince George's Blvd., Upper Marlboro 20772-8731): NAHB National Research Center, 1990.
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Coronado, Victor G. Surveillance for traumatic brain injury-related deaths: United States, 1997-2007. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011.
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1944-, Maulitz Russell Charles, Hrsg. Unnatural causes: The three leading killer diseases in America. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1989.
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White, Kathleen. The injury epidemic: A report based on injury deaths and hospitalizations in Washington State. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Health, Office of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, 1992.
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