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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Work jargon“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Work jargon"
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Willoughby, Shannon D., Keith Johnson und Leila Sterman. „Quantifying scientific jargon“. Public Understanding of Science 29, Nr. 6 (06.07.2020): 634–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963662520937436.
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When scientists disseminate their work to the general public, excessive use of jargon should be avoided because if too much technical language is used, the message is not effectively conveyed. However, determining which words are jargon and how much jargon is too much is a difficult task, partly because it can be challenging to know which terms the general public knows, and partly that it can be challenging to ensure scientific accuracy while avoiding esoteric terminology. To help address this issue, we have written an R script that an author can use to quantify the amount of scientific jargon in any written piece and make appropriate edits based on the target audience.
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Bay-Williams, Jennifer M. „Families Ask: Showing Your Work: Beyond Following Steps“. Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 12, Nr. 6 (Februar 2007): 338–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.12.6.0338.
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Shulman, Hillary C., Graham N. Dixon, Olivia M. Bullock und Daniel Colón Amill. „The Effects of Jargon on Processing Fluency, Self-Perceptions, and Scientific Engagement“. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 39, Nr. 5-6 (29.01.2020): 579–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x20902177.
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In this experiment ( N = 650), we integrate ideas from the literatures on metacognition and self-perception to explain why the use of jargon negatively affects engagement with science topics. We offer empirical evidence that the presence of jargon disrupts people’s ability to fluently process scientific information, even when definitions for the jargon terms are provided. We find that jargon use affects individuals’ social identification with the science community and, in turn, affects self-reports of scientific interest and perceived understanding. Taken together, this work advances our knowledge about the broad effects of metacognition and offers implications for how the language of science may influence nonexpert audiences’ engagement with complex topics in ways beyond comprehension.
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Černiuvienė, Liucija, und Ieva Montrimaitė. „Stylistics and Translation of Raymond Queneau’s Work: Translation Analysis of „Exercices de style““. Vertimo studijos, Nr. 13 (28.12.2020): 6–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/vertstud.2020.1.
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The article covers the stylistics of the work “Exercices de style” by the French writer Raymond Queneau and the translation of this work into Lithuanian. Through the analysis of translations into Italian and English as well, the article investigates the distinctive feature of Queneau’s texts – how they play with various language tools. The article distinguishes and discusses the play of literary devices (these are figures of style and rhetoric), the play of linguistic devices (grammatical tenses, barbarisms, neologisms), the play of language registers (colloquial language, jargon), the play of genres and discourses, and the play of narrative techniques. While playing with the language, the author seeks to entertain the reader – the exercises are rich in various elements of comedy, parody and irony. It is not possible to systematically apply one translation strategy to translate this work, therefore the translator Akvilė Melkūnaitė focused on conveying the logic of Queneau’s rules, making the translation strategies related to semantic and stylistic translation of the text diverse and successful, while the complicated conveying of cultural realia (e.g. jargon) is offset by other means of translation.
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Tyrer, Peter, und Priya Bajaj. „Nidotherapy: making the environment do the therapeutic work“. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 11, Nr. 3 (Mai 2005): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.11.3.232.
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Nidotherapy is the formal term introduced to describe the systematic manipulation of the physical and social environment to help achieve a better fit for a person with a persistent or permanent mental disorder. This approach is described in detail and its merits are compared with more conventional ways of dealing with such problems. This involves the creation of a certain number of terms that may be viewed as unnecessary jargon but help to shorten communication in an area where systematic monitored interventions are relatively uncommon.
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Shirley, Dennis. „A Critical Review and Appropriation of Pierre Bourdieu'S Analysis of Social and Cultural Reproduction“. Journal of Education 168, Nr. 2 (April 1986): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002205748616800208.
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Although Pierre Bourdieu is easily the most important current French sociologist of education, his work has largely been neglected by American educationalists. Part of this is undoubtedly Bourdieu's fault, for his writing is both jargon-ridden and and convoluted, but it would be a pity if this stylistic barrier impeded a critical and balanced analysis of his research. Beneath the jargon lies an astonishingly comprehensive and systematic sociology of French education, informed by a carefully selected and uniquely articulated integration of classical sociological theory and statistical analysis, To contribute to the critical reception of Bourdieu's research and social theory the author isolates and explicates key terminology in Bourdieu's work, links these concepts with each other within the totality of his sociology of education, and differentially appropriates and criticizes Bourdieu's work from the vantage point of the philosophy of praxis.
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Bostaph, Lisa M. Growette, und Melissa Wintrow. „We Can Move Mountains: Engaging in State-Level Policy Work“. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 37, Nr. 2 (18.03.2021): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986221999860.
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An increasing number of academic researchers are becoming involved in state-level policy work as a result of existing local partnerships or direct requests by agency directors or elected officials. Most faculty and policymakers do not receive any training in doing such collaborative work and, for each party in the partnership, it can often seem like landing on another planet or, at the very least, visiting a foreign country, with different jargon, players, and stakes. This essay provides a brief guide to navigating the world of state-level partnerships in policymaking.
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Zukswert, Jenna M., Megan K. Barker und Lisa McDonnell. „Identifying Troublesome Jargon in Biology: Discrepancies between Student Performance and Perceived Understanding“. CBE—Life Sciences Education 18, Nr. 1 (März 2019): ar6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.17-07-0118.
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The excessive “jargon” load in biology may be a hurdle for developing conceptual understanding as well as achieving core competencies such as scientific literacy and communication. Little work has been done to characterize student understanding of biology-specific jargon. To address this issue, we aimed to determine the types of biology jargon terms that students struggle with most, the alignment between students’ perceived understanding and performance defining the terms, and common errors in student-provided definitions. Students in two biology classes were asked to report their understanding of, and provide definitions for, course-specific vocabulary terms: 1276 student responses to 72 terms were analyzed. Generally, students showed an overestimation of their own understanding. The least accurate self-assessment occurred for terms to which students had substantial prior exposure and terms with discordant meanings in biology versus everyday language. Students were more accurate when assessing their understanding of terms describing abstract molecular structures, and these were often perceived as more difficult than other types of terms. This research provides insights about which types of technical vocabulary may create a barrier to developing deeper conceptual understanding, and highlights a need to consider student understanding of different types of jargon in supporting learning and scientific literacy.
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Mccutcheon, Russell T. „The Jargon of Authenticity and the Study of Religion“. Religion and Theology 8, Nr. 3-4 (2001): 229–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157430101x00116.
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AbstractThis article is an analysis and critique of the jargon of authenticity that operates in both theological and humanistic studies of religion. The article argues that a form of myth making is at work in claims to such things as the 'deep meaning' of a text or even the supposedly essential, human nature all people are said to share. The article deploys its critique in a variety of sites, arguing that the discourse on authenticity-whether found in ethnic, nationalist, or hermeneutic traditions-is an all too common, socio-rhetorical technique used to construct a facade of homogenous group identity in the face of unpredictable, competing, and inevitably changeable historical situations and social interests. Instead of uncritically reproducing such discourses on authenticity, meaning, and personal experience-discourses that happen to be aligned with the scholar's political sympathies-the article argues that scholars of religion can study the 'natural history' of such mechanisms and discourses, illuminating the means whereby contingent, competing systems of credibility and meaning are established, reproduced, and contested.
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Lee, Allan. „NOTED: Old hands advise the new“. Pacific Journalism Review 19, Nr. 2 (31.10.2013): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v19i2.233.
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The best journalists are invariably good interviewers, whether they are interrogating a Cabinet minister or getting a shy refugee to open up about her struggle to find work. Excellence in interviewing comes with experience. So when the visiting scientist lapses into technical jargon at his press conference, it’s usually the most experienced journalist in the room who asks ‘the dumb question’.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Work jargon"
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Sirberg, Ronja, und Lina Nyblom. „Det handlar om att nöta, nöta, nöta : Chefers arbete för att motverka oönskade kulturer i en mansdominerad bransch“. Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbetshälsovetenskap och psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-35879.
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The purpose of this study was to identify what business executives do to counteract unwanted cultures within male dominated trades. This study will investigate two questions that are based on how business management experience the culture within an organization and what they do to actively prevent unwanted norms, attitudes and values in a work place. Nine semistructured interviews were conducted utilizing a qualitative method. All interviewees were in a position of power within male dominated trades. Collected data was analysed with an inductive thematic analysis which resulted in four main themes. The first main theme was trade culture, within which jargon and generational shift are discussed. The second main theme was the challenges and advantages of leadership. This theme discusses company leaders' ability to correct behaviors and be a good role model. It is also about diversity and employer - employee relations. The third main theme was safety culture, which concerns the idea of clarifying and reinforcing certain behaviors and expectations. The fourth and last main theme was the work of change. This theme enlightens the support that leaders may offer, as well as the values that permeate a workplace.
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Eaton, Emma. „Patterns of word and non-word production in jargon aphasia“. Thesis, City University London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435046.
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Godbolt, Catherine. „Non-word errors in jargon aphasia : exploring the underlying mechanisms“. Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/75261/.
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Jargon aphasia describes the profile of individuals producing fluent but largely unintelligible output, often comprising high proportions of non-word errors. This thesis presents a series of studies exploring possible mechanisms underlying the output difficulties in these individuals, drawing on data from 19 individuals from the Moss Aphasia Psycholinguistic Database and six individuals who participated in experimental testing. The studies addressed four research questions: a) to what extent target phonological information is preserved in non-word errors; b) how manipulating semantic and phonological activation affects output; c) whether a phonological-level breakdown is responsible for output difficulties in all individuals or does impairment at prior/subsequent levels play a role; and d) the origin of non-target phonemes in non-word errors. Analysis of phonological overlap between non-word errors and their targets suggested that participants were consistently accessing target phonology, with non-word errors falling along a continuum of how much target phonology was available. Experiments involving manipulation of phonological and semantic activation through characteristics of target words (Chapters 2 & 3: Principal Components Analysis comprising variables such as length, frequency and imageability; Chapter 5: Phonological Neighbourhood Density experiment) or semantic/phonological blocking paradigms (Chapter 4) suggested that increasing the activation reaching target phonemes improves output. A comparison of performance on different tasks (picture-naming, word/non-word repetition) where the majority of individuals showed a difficulty activating phonemes across tasks, and consistent effects of phonological-level variables, supported a phonological-level breakdown as the primary difficulty. Finally, analysis of the non-target phonemes produced by participants suggested that highly-activated phonemes can be selected in place of weakly activated target phonemes. Non-target phonemes may become more activated than target phonemes because they have been previously produced (i.e. perseveration), are high frequency, or a semantic or phonological relationship exists between a competing word and the target. It is argued that non-word errors in jargon aphasia arise, at least in part, from insufficient activation of target phonology. This can result from insufficient activation at any level of the lexical system, but the deficit is primarily localised to the phonological system.
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Bernez, Louise. „Burnout des soignants, interactions de travail en secteur gériatrique et effet du jardin“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0346/document.
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L’objectif de cette recherche est double. Etudier les causes et conséquences du Burnout des soignants, dans un premier temps, et comprendre l’effet de la présence d’un jardin dans un secteur gériatrique hospitalier dans un second temps. Les infirmiers et aides-soignants de neuf services de gériatrie ont répondu à un questionnaire construit à partir des théories et échelles de Karasek et Theorell (1990), Siegrist (1996), Shirom (2004) et Kurorinka (1987). Ainsi, le Burnout est confronté aux facteurs psychosociaux, à la Vigueur (bien être) et aux douleurs physiques pour extraire les causes et conséquences de ce trouble psychologique. Ces mêmes équipes ont également participé à des entretiens de type « focus groups » et à des entretiens individuels semi-dirigés afin de s’exprimer sur leurs conditions de travail, ainsi que sur leur vécu et leur ressenti de la présence ou l’absence d’un jardin aménagé ou non aménagé dans leur environnement de travail. Ces équipes de soins appartenaient à trois types de services gériatriques : unité cognitivo-comportementale, soins palliatifs, soins de réadaptation. Les résultats principaux du questionnaire mettent en cause le manque de soutien de la hiérarchie comme aspect augmentant les risques de Burnout. Ce résultat est par la suite confirmé par les entretiens. De plus, le Burnout semble moins présent dans les services avec jardin que sans jardin, et il existe également une amplification de ce bénéfice dans les jardins thérapeutiques. On observe une sensation de Vigueur, tant physique que psychologique, plus importante dans les services avec jardin, et une tendance à l’augmentation des T.M.S. dans les services avec jardin thérapeutique. Cette constatation amène à s’interroger sur l'ergonomie du travail dans ce type d'environnement. En conclusion, le jardin apparaît comme un dispositif systémique favorable aux interactions de travail dans un lieu spécifiquement aménagé, permettant par là-même de combattre les sources de Burnout et de défendre la Vigueur. Il favorise l’épanouissement des soignants et la réduction du Burnout mettant tout de même en lumière un principe de précaution sur la charge physique et l’ergonomie de ce lieu à explorerThe aim of this research was twofold. Study the causes and consequences of Burnout caregivers, initially, and understand the effect of the presence of a garden in a hospital geriatric sector in a second time. Nurses and caregivers of nine geriatric services answered a questionnaire constructed from the theories and scales of Karasek and Theorell (1990), Siegrist (1996), Shirom (2004) and Kuorinka (1987). So, the Burnout is faced with psychosocial factors, the vigor (wellness) and physical pain to extract the causes and consequences of this psychological disorder. These same teams also participated in such conversations "focus groups" and semi-structured individual interviews to speak about their working conditions, as well as their experience and felt the presence or absence a arranged garden or undeveloped in their work environment. These care teams belonged to three types of geriatric services: cognitive behavioral unit, palliative care, rehabilitation care. The main results of the questionnaire involve lack of support from the hierarchy appearance as increasing the risk of Burnout. This result is confirmed by interviews. In addition, Burnout was a lesser incidence of Burnout in care services with a garden that those without a garden, and and there is also with an amplification of the benefit with specially-designed gardens. The feeling of strength, both physical and psychological, was less present when the care services did not have a therapeutic garden. A trend toward an increase in musculoskeletal disorders in services with a therapeutic garden versus no garden was observed. Upon analyzing the results, the authors recommend particular attention in the designing of hospital gardens in order to facilitate the ergonomics of nursing work. In conclusion, the overall results advocate the use of the garden as a systemic structure conducive to work interactions in a specially designed area by allowing the same to combat the sources of Burnout and defend Vigor. It encourages the development of nursing and reducing Burnout highlighting a precautionary principle on the physical load and ergonomics of this place to explore
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Henriksson, Rebecka, und Julia Westfelt. „Metoo - en drivkraft till förändring? : En studie om två organisationers arbete mot sexuella trakasserier efter Metoo“. Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21495.
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Vår studie syftar till att undersöka hur två olika företag arbetat mot sexuella trakasserier efter Metoo-uppropet och om Metoo lett till eventuella förändringar inom företagen gällande det förebyggande arbetet kring sexuella trakasserier. Bakgrunden till detta är det globala Metoo-upprop som startade under hösten 2017 och som bland annat ledde till en mängd olika feministiska upprop i olika branscher som ville belysa sexuella trakasserier mot kvinnor på arbetsplatser. Vi utgår från en rad olika teoretiska referensramar, däribland hur kulturförändringar inom organisationer kan implementeras. Även jämställdhetsarbete och feministiska rörelser lyfts och som beskriver hur jämställdhetsarbete i organisationer kan se ut och vilket motstånd det kan medföra, samt hur feministiska rörelser kan beskrivas som vågor. Slutligen lyfter vi i vår teoretiska referensram genus och könsmaktsperspektiv, som beskriver hur kön kan tillskrivas olika egenskaper, färdigheter och yrken och som i sin tur kan leda till en maktobalans mellan kvinnor och män. I studien har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod tillämpats för datainsamling genom att sex semistrukturerade intervjuer på två skilda företag i Sverige genomförts. Av resultatet framgick att båda företagen i studien arbetat aktivt mot sexuella trakasserier genom att ha vidtagit åtgärder i form av en Metoo-aktivitet på ena företaget samt deltagande i ett branschsamarbete mot sexuella trakasserier på det andra företaget. Något som tydligt framgick i resultatet var att samtliga respondenter upplevde en ökad medvetenhet kring sexuella trakasserier efter Metoo-uppropet och att åtgärderna som gjorts fått mestadels positiva reaktioner hos de anställda och i princip inget motstånd. Enligt respondenterna på ena företaget började en ny sund kultur byggas tack vare deras Metoo-aktivitet, medan respondenterna på det andra företaget inte upplevde några märkbara skillnader i kulturen då de inte heller upplevt en hård jargong innan Metoo. Vidare framgick av resultatet att det fanns en undran och oro över huruvida Metoo var en tillfällig våg som skulle falla i glömska eller en rörelse som är här för att stanna. Diskussionen belyser hur Metoo påverkat respondenternas förhållningssätt till sexuella trakasserier. Ytterligare lyfts vikten av chefer och lednings behov av tydliga ställningstagande mot sexuella trakasserier för att förändring ska kunna ske men också problematiken som könsstereotyper speglar.
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Larbey, Vincent. „Jardins et jardiniers : les pieds dans la terre, la tête dans les nuages. Une anthropologie du potager“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01056999.
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Depuis le XIXe siècle en France, l'opposition entre agrément et utilitaire détermine nos représentations du jardin. Ainsi, le potager s'inscrirait avant tout dans une logique de production, à l'opposé du plaisir créatif et distingué propre au jardin d'agrément. L'observation de nombreux jardins vivriers et des manières de faire de leurs jardiniers, montre que ces jardins sont chargés d'intentions et de symboles dépassant la seule préoccupation de produire de la nourriture. C'est le cas des jardins éloignés du domicile, tels les jardins collectifs, familiaux ou partagés, mais aussi d'autres jardins, vivriers en Papouasie et en Amazonie, transitoires à New York. L'intimité du jardin, la mémoire du lieu, le " contact " avec la terre, l'autoproduction de nourriture, la dimension collective et l'exposition au regard des autres sont sources d'un fort investissement symbolique, suscitant des formes particulières d'appropriation, de sociabilité et d'expression ; unefaçon de concrétiser sa présence au monde, sa relation au temps, à " l'environnement ", aux autres et à soi-même. Sans doute le mythe paradisiaque se construit-il sur ces aspects, dont se saisissent aussi les philosophes et les poètes. Cette recherche a également pour objet de souligner le hiatus entre la conception des jardins proposés par les collectivités publiques et les pratiques quotidiennes des jardiniers.
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Brown, Zachary. „Jargon“. Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-tzrd-hy74.
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This dissertation chronicles the plight of the lower status professional group member and their attempts to get recognition by using insider language or jargon. Specifically, it explores jargon within the broader context of status signaling, language, and hierarchical relationships. It seeks to understand how language is used as a way to both gain and infer status. Chapter 1 accomplishes two goals. First, it discusses features of human status systems and status signaling processes. Second, it defines jargon and identifies its functions. In doing so, I incorporate linguistic and social psychological theories to argue that jargon is a marker of status or a status symbol. I differentiate jargon from related linguistic concepts of slang and technical language, and I differentiate jargon from other status signals due to the social costs incurred through its use.
Chapter 2 focuses on one social motivation for using jargon, arguing that status threat increases jargon use. It proposes that because jargon is a status marker, it is strategically used by those experiencing low status. Across 10 studies, using both archival and experimental methods, I link low status to jargon use because lower status motivates impression management goals. Chapter 3 explores how the effects of both local and global sources of status threat independently contribute to compensatory and performative jargon use. It replicates findings from chapter 2 while highlighting how multiple sources of status threat combine to provoke status signaling behaviors.
Chapter 4 explores the consequences of jargon use, drawing on prior theory in linguistics and social psychology. It begins by showing that high jargon use imposes a cognitive cost upon an audience, which then may then disengage from the speaker’s message as a result. It then shows how high jargon may increase audience appraisals of speaker competence but reduce interpersonal closeness and ratings of warmth. The chapter argues that that high jargon use is particularly interpersonally costly for low-status speakers because they are seen as annoyingly reaching above their station. I also show that extremely low levels of jargon, i.e., flamboyantly colloquial language, also hurt evaluations of a speaker. These results suggest a goldilocks phenomenon, whereby there is a ‘just right” amount of jargon necessary to optimize audience evaluations across warmth, competence, and status. The final chapter five of this dissertation highlights a number of interesting patterns and unanswered questions, paving the way for further studies and lines of inquiry.
Overall this dissertation takes a deep dive into the antecedents and consequences of hyperbolic circumluoquationaness, sesquipedalianistic poeanoisms, and professional jive talk, to expand our understanding of how language functions in performing, negotiating, and affecting social relationships with others in everyday life.
Bücher zum Thema "Work jargon"
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Maher, Daniel. An A-Z of social work jargon. Maidenhead: Porpoise, 1993.
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A vocabulary of the Unami jargon. Southampton, Pa: Evolution Pub., 1997.
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Coffee shop theology: Translating doctrinal jargon into everyday life. Kansas City, Mo: Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 1998.
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Popovici, Mattei. Bancs de jardin. Paris: Gourcuff, 2000.
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More coffee shop theology: Translating doctrinal jargon into everyday life. Kansas City, Mo: Beacon Hill Press, 1998.
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Caja de Ahorros y Monte de Piedad de Madrid, Hrsg. Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid: Un jardín ilustrado. Barcelona: Lunwerg, 1999.
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Isabelle, Vaughan, Vaughan Timothy und Monel Yann, Hrsg. Kerdalo: Le jardin continu. Paris: Ulmer, 2007.
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Givry, Jacques de. Le Jardin du Luxembourg. Les Loges-en-Josas, France: JDG publications, 1991.
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1946-, Bellefeuille Robert de, Hrsg. Un jardin romantique. Boucherville, Québec: Bertrand Dumont, 2007.
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Jardín de invierno. Havana: Editorial Arte y Literatura, 2003.
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Frers, Lars. „Conclusions: Touching and Being Touched – Experience and Ethical Relations“. In IMISCOE Research Series, 85–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67608-7_5.
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AbstractSometimes, research can hit you in the stomach, making you angry and upset, possibly sick. With a bit of luck, this can be fine, as discontentment can be a force that propels you to become active and engage yourself. Sometimes, research can resonate in your heart, making you aware and empathetic. Not much luck is needed in these cases, as this will hopefully also stimulate you to get new ideas, a better understanding or hopefully even give you a better foothold for whatever you do in practice. Most of the time, research just passes you by, not leaving much of an impression. We do know that words can make a difference, that words can touch you. They evoke many different thoughts and emotions. It is not a single word alone that does this, it is the flow and rhythm of a text, how it takes the reader along, cognitively but also in space and time and in an embodied manner. To achieve different effects, we place words differently, we craft sentences that appeal to different senses and sensibilities, we use terms or jargon, we write complex sentences that juxtapose hosts of different qualities, as Michel Serres does in in The Five Senses (2008). We present a clear definition, we unfold arguments or put something to the point. Most of the word work we do, we do on our keyboards, sitting at a desk, in a train carriage or lying on a sofa. Thus, this word work happens remote from the site where our study took place, it is definitely not the same as the field work that we do, it is not the same as the numbers and algorithms that make up our data. But done well, it can still evoke the sense of what happens or happened “out there” in the field, the phenomena that the numbers point to, be they the numbers of people crossing a border or the feeling of someone who is lost or maybe even hunted (Guttorm, 2016).
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Müller, Nicole, und Zaneta Mok. „14. Non-Word Jargon Produced by a French-English Bilingual“. In Aspects of Multilingual Aphasia, herausgegeben von Martin R. Gitterman, Mira Goral und Loraine K. Obler, 224–41. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781847697554-016.
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„Received ideas and jargon in traditional social work“. In Social Work & Received Ideas, 25–52. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203059906-5.
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Bernes, Jasper. „Art, Work, and Endlessness in the 2000s“. In The Work of Art in the Age of Deindustrialization. Stanford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9780804796415.003.0006.
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This chapter skips forward several decades, to the 2000s, and looks at the legacy of the transformations discussed in the preceding chapters. Bernes examines the debates that followed the emergence of “Flarf” and “conceptual poetry,” both movements that foregrounded their relationship to contemporary office work. He focuses in particular on the relationship between Flarf poetry, with its rebellious use of work time, work machinery, and work jargon, and the increase in interworker aggression, which he attributes to the inability of workers to find outlets for resistance. Bernes links this horizontalized aggression with the phenomenon of the “Internet troll,” who responds to the emasculation that male workers feel as a consequence of the restructuring of labor. By the 2000s, firms had so thoroughly neutralized the aesthetic critique of labor mobilized by preceding generations of artists that it persisted only in various forms of minor rebellion and acting out.
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Bains, Sunny. „Audience and Explanation“. In Explaining the Future, 112–31. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822820.003.0005.
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“Audience and Explanation,” which is the first of three chapters on communicating technical work, starts by focusing on the audience and how understanding their backgrounds and interests is critical to being able to report in a way that is meaningful to them. It consider their motivation for reading, what kinds of explanations will make sense to them, what kind of visualizations will be helpful, and the language that they will (or won’t) be able to follow. A section on jargon explains when to use a word without explanation, when to define, and when to avoid using a technical word altogether. There is also a discussion on the use of various kinds of figures (e.g. charts, photographs, and diagrams), how they are best used, captions, and how to avoid problems with copyright and plagiarism.
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Shevchyk, Kateryna. „TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH SLANG IN ADVERTISEMENTS“. In Factors of cross- and intercultural communication in the higher educational process of Ukraine. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-051-3-9.
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In the modern world, in the epoch of growth of information technologies, an advertisement is one of the most popular varieties of mass communication that rapidly develops. The growth of advertisement substantially influences on lexical composition of language, creates in a language new concepts and expressions, in particular slang and jargon. Native speakers begin to use such vocabulary in everyday life. Especially modern English has such phenomenon, because it is used all over the world. Nowadays, an advertisement performs the function of public ideas formation. Influencing on people, an advertisement creates consumer philosophy and ideology. One of the most sensible to the advertisement categories of people is youth, because they are in the process of active socialization. Exactly an advertisement is mostly aimed at young consumers, that is why it becomes more widely spread and such products need specific language means of influence. Advertisement makers try to overcome psychological distance between an advertisement and audience, so they use of extralinguistic language units, elements of slang or to create new words. Topicality of this work is defined by the fact that a slang is an integral part of English, and the latest research of slang is of great importance. A slang is one of the most actual and ambiguous problems of modern lexicology. In the world where new slang units appear every day, updating of theoretical and practical knowledge of slang and its functions is very important for modern lexicology. In addition, the deeper analysis of advertisement reports with a slang must be done. A scientific novelty of work is that theoretical knowledge in relation to a slang and advertisement in the conditions of modern development of information technologies are incorporated and generalized; opinions of scientists are analyzed in relation to functioning of slang in an advertisement. The aim of the article is to study features of slang functioning in modern English-language advertisements and analysis of basic methods of translating of such advertisement texts. The achievement of these aims needs solution of the following tasks: 1) to interpret a concept "slang" and "jargon" and define, what a slang differs from jargon in the context of the newest researches; 2) to present the basic methods of forming of slang in modern English; 3) to describe the general views of slang and identify their specifics; 4) to interpret a concept "advertisement" and describe the stylistic features of advertisement text; 5) to describe the features of slang use in advertisement texts; 6) to explain functioning of slang in an advertisement on the example of advertisement slogans and texts; 7) to define the specific features of English-Ukrainian translation of advertisements. The subject of research is an analysis of slang features in modern English and Ukrainian languages in advertisement texts.
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Kraus, Karl. „Casting out the Devil through Beelzebub“. In The Third Walpurgis Night, 176–86. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300236002.003.0024.
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This chapter criticises the Social Democratic Party's ineffectual actions. Admittedly, National Socialism has thrived on a similar or at least an equally antiquated intellectual rhythm, while Socialism has been weakened by it. But the Nazis were better organised. If one pictures the destruction of German Social Democracy as the work of the Devil (“He blew with His winds and they were scattered”), then surely what has been—and will continue to be—glossed over with slippery words is beyond comprehension. Yet the chapter considers how many hopes and disappointments were already twisted by lies, how many harsh realities by being lumped together and explained as “dialectical evolution,” and by a makeshift intellectualism that even the experts would surely find too stupid were they not using it to stupefy the others. Never before have party leaders degraded such concepts as “struggle” and “power” into bureaucratic jargon, perverting them by tendentious typography.
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Zitin, Abigail. „The Analysis of Beauty, I“. In Practical Form, 84–116. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300244564.003.0004.
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In The Analysis of Beauty (1753), William Hogarth builds his theory of aesthetic judgment around the technical know-how of the practitioner. Early in the treatise, he recommends that his reader model her encounter with the visual world on the artist’s method of reproducing and enlarging an image by means of a superimposed grid. Artistic techniques for perfecting the two-dimensional rendering of three-dimensional perception become, for Hogarth, tools, both real and virtual, for understanding spatial form. Given his investment in practice as a model for perception, Hogarth is especially sensitive to the advantages and obstacles of language as an expressive medium. The chapter closes by exploring Hogarth’s treatment of verbal media—discussions of letter forms, protestations of his own writerly ineptitude, decoding of painters’ jargon—and arguing on that basis for a nascent conception of medium-specificity at work in the Analysis.
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Hair, Ross. „Opening the Folds: A Pastoral Vanguard“. In Avant-Folk: Small Press Poetry Networks from 1950 to the Present. Liverpool University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781781383292.003.0006.
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Chapter 5 considers the ubiquitous presence of pastoral literature and art in the late modernist milieu of The Jargon Society by examining its role and function in the work of Ian Hamilton Finlay, Thomas A. Clark, and Simon Cutts. Far from perpetuating the common perception of pastoral as an idealistic, nostalgic, or escapist aesthetic mode, Finlay, Clark, and Cutts’s use of pastoral, it is argued, demonstrate a more knowing understanding, and innovative appropriation, of its complex tradition. In particular, it is suggested that pastoral provides these poets the means for reflecting on the materiality of the poem and for articulating the poetics of the printed format that it takes. Furthermore, due to its close links with Epicureanism and its dense weave of intertextual allusion, chapter 5 shows how pastoral presents an insightful analogy for the social dynamics and collaborative vanguard spirit of the remote small press networks that Finlay, Clark, and Cutts have participated in.
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Polèse, Mario. „Creating Wealth“. In The Wealth and Poverty of Cities, 47–76. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190053710.003.0003.
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This chapter returns to the question at the heart of economics as a social science since Adam Smith and his seminal work on the origins of wealth. Why are some nations rich and others poor? The focus here is on the role of cities, on “agglomeration” in the jargon of economics. We find little evidence in support of Jane Jacobs’s thesis that agglomeration is sufficient to independently trigger economic growth. After explaining the concept of “agglomeration economies,” the gains from spatial concentration, various obstacles to their realization are examined: deficient urban transport; insecurity; arbitrary governance; informality; and so on. Their full realization requires solid institutions, which all too often are lacking. Starting with the origins of the Industrial Revolution, we conclude that the impact of urbanization (greater agglomeration) is essentially allocational, shifting labor to more productive endeavors. The roots of technological innovation, which is at the heart of economic progress, run much deeper, taking us back to national cultures and institutions.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Work jargon"
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Sexton, Thurston, und Mark Fuge. „Using Semantic Fluency Models Improves Network Reconstruction Accuracy of Tacit Engineering Knowledge“. In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98429.
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Abstract Human- or expert-generated records that describe the behavior of engineered systems over a period of time can be useful for statistical learning techniques like pattern detection or output prediction. However, such data often assumes familiarity of a reader with the relationships between entities within the system — that is, knowledge of the system’s structure. This required, but unrecorded “tacit” knowledge makes it difficult to reliably learn patterns of system behavior using statistical modeling techniques on these written records. Part of this difficulty stems from a lack of good models for how engineers generate written records of a system, given their expertise, since they often create such records under time pressure using shorthand notation or internal jargon. In this paper, we model the process of maintenance work order creation as a modified semantic fluency task, to build a probabilistic generative model that can uncover underlying relationships between entities referenced within a complex system. Compared to more traditional similarity-metric-based methods for structure recovery, we directly model a possible cognitive process by which technicians may record work-orders. Mathematically, we represent this as a censored local random walk over a latent network structure representing tacit engineering knowledge. This allows us to recover implied engineering knowledge about system structure by processing written records. Additionally, we show that our model leads to improved generative capabilities for synthesizing plausible data.
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Noever, David, Josh Kalin, Matthew Ciolino, Dom Hambrick und Gerry Dozier. „Local Translation Services for Neglected Languages“. In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AIAP 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.110110.
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Taking advantage of computationally lightweight, but high-quality translators prompt consideration of new applications that address neglected languages. For projects with protected or personal data, translators for less popular or low-resource languages require specific compliance checks before posting to a public translation API. In these cases, locally run translators can render reasonable, cost-effective solutions if done with an army of offline, smallscale pair translators. Like handling a specialist’s dialect, this research illustrates translating two historically interesting, but obfuscated languages: 1) hacker-speak (“l33t”) and 2) reverse (or “mirror”) writing as practiced by Leonardo da Vinci. The work generalizes a deep learning architecture to translatable variants of hacker-speak with lite, medium, and hard vocabularies. The original contribution highlights a fluent translator of hacker-speak in under 50 megabytes and demonstrates a companion text generator for augmenting future datasets with greater than a million bilingual sentence pairs. A primary motivation stems from the need to understand and archive the evolution of the international computer community, one that continuously enhances their talent for speaking openly but in hidden contexts. This training of bilingual sentences supports deep learning models using a long short-term memory, recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN). It extends previous work demonstrating an English-to-foreign translation service built from as little as 10,000 bilingual sentence pairs. This work further solves the equivalent translation problem in twenty-six additional (non-obfuscated) languages and rank orders those models and their proficiency quantitatively with Italian as the most successful and Mandarin Chinese as the most challenging. For neglected languages, the method prototypes novel services for smaller niche translations such as Kabyle (Algerian dialect) which covers between 5-7 million speakers but one which for most enterprise translators, has not yet reached development. One anticipates the extension of this approach to other important dialects, such as translating technical (medical or legal) jargon and processing health records or handling many of the dialects collected from specialized domains (mixed languages like “Spanglish”, acronym-laden Twitter feeds, or urban slang).
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Farrell, Tracie, Oscar Araque, Miriam Fernandez und Harith Alani. „On the use of Jargon and Word Embeddings to Explore Subculture within the Reddit’s Manosphere“. In WebSci '20: 12th ACM Conference on Web Science. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3394231.3397912.
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Pérez Rodríguez, Marta. „HABITAR EL AIRE“. In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.668.
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Resumen: Existen en las ideas enunciadas por Le Corbusier dos caminos que partiendo aparentemente de mundos paralelos y opuestos, terminarán convergiéndo en un mismo lugar. Con la construcción del Pavillon de l’Esprit Nouveau, en 1925, se define el nuevo espacio exterior vinculado a la vida moderna. Éste, se dará simultáneamente desde lo colectivo, el immeuble-villa, y desde lo individual, la villa, aunque ambos, se suceden como procesos coexistentes. A este vacío, Le Corbusier lo denominará jardin suspendu, y el orden con el cuál se definirá, será el mismo con el que se constituirá todo el sistema. Desde dentro, este jardin, dejará de ser un exterior para concebirse desde las mismos mecánismos que operan dentro de la casa. Entonces ¿Qué es este espacio?. Simplemente, lo que Le Corbusier trazó, una rica dualidad espacial. Al otro lado, y opuesto a la casa, surge siempre un exterior, como extensión infinita de lo natural. ¿De qué forma ordenarlo?¿cómo vincularlo de nuevo al hombre?. Sólo existe una respuesta posible, un único gesto, el arquitectónico, surgido con la construcción de un plano. Con él, asoma la vertical y la horizontal: Aquellas líneas que vinculan de nuevo al hombre con sus leyes. Con ello, el vacío ya no existe, se ha transformado, constituyendo un nuevo espacio. ¿Qué es este espacio?. De nuevo, una rica ambigüedad. Abstract: Into the ideas enunciated by Le Corbusier there are two paths starting apparently from parallel and opposite worlds, but finally coming to converge in a same place. With the construction of the “Pavillon de l’Esprit Nouveau”, in 1925, it is defined the new outside space linked to modern life. This is given simultaneously from the collective with the “immeuble-villa”, and from the individual, la villa, although both succeed as coexistent processes. This emptiness was called by Le Corbusier “jardin suspendu”, and the order to define it, will be the same used to build the whole system. From inside, this garden will fail to be an outside to be conceived from the same mechanisms that work into the house. So, what is this space? It is simply what Le Corbusier designed, a rich space duality. In the other side, and opposite the house, an outside emerges always, like a boundless extent of the natural. Which way can it be arranged? How can it be linked again to the human? It exists only one possible answer, one unique gesture, the architectonic one, which emerges with the construction of a plan. With it, vertical and horizontal positions arise: those lines that link again the man with his laws. With it, this emptiness doesn’t exists anymore, it has changed becoming in a new space. What is this space? Again, a rich ambiguity. Palabras clave: immeuble-villa, jardin suspendu, interior, exterior, dualidad especial. Keywords: immueble-villa, jardin suspendu, inside, outside, space duality. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.668
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Tormen, Damiano, Pietro Giannattasio, Alessandro Zanon, Helmut Kühnelt und Michele De Gennaro. „Application of a RANS-Informed Analytical Model for Fast Noise Prediction of Contra Rotating Open Rotors“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-64162.
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The present work focuses on the fast prediction of the interaction noise (IN) components of a Contra Rotating Open Rotor (CROR) engine at take-off. The flow field past the CROR is computed using a steady RANS approach coupled with the concept of mixing plane between the rotors to remove the flow unsteadiness due to the propeller interaction. The effects of such interaction are then recovered applying the analytical model of Jaron et al. (2014), balanced with data extracted from the RANS solution, to extrapolate the information about the wake of the front rotor and the potential flow fields through the mixing plane. This RANS-informed approximation allows recovering the unsteadiness of the flow-blades interaction in terms of unsteady blade response. The tonal noise at the blade passing frequency and the interaction noise are then estimated using the analytical frequency domain model proposed by Hanson (1985). The present method for the fast prediction of CROR noise has been validated by comparison with the results of URANS simulations and noise measurements. CROR geometry UDF F7/A7 with both 8 × 8 and 11 × 9 blade counts has been considered. The flow velocity profiles extrapolated through the mixing plane agree well with the URANS results, except in the vicinity of the blade tip, where the analytical extrapolation method is not able to deal properly with the strongly 3D tip vortex flow. The comparison of the predicted interaction noise with acoustic measurements shows that the present fast RANS-informed approach is capable of estimating the directivity of the CROR noise with reasonable accuracy.
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Bertolini, Ettore, Paul Pieringer und Wolfgang Sanz. „Large Eddy Simulation of a Transonic Linear Cascade With Synthetic Inlet Turbulence“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14461.
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Abstract The aim of this work is to predict the boundary layer transition and the heat transfer on a highly loaded transonic turbine cascade using Large Eddy Simulations (LESs) with prescribed inlet synthetic turbulence. The numerical simulations were performed for the flow in a linear turbine cascade tested at the von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamic (MUR test case). For the numerical case, two operating conditions with two different levels of free-stream turbulence intensity are evaluated. For the lower turbulence level case (Tu = 0.8%, MUR132) a laminar inflow is used for the LES simulations whereas for the higher one (Tu = 6%, MUR237) the inlet turbulence is prescribed by using the Synthetic Eddy Method (SEM) of Jarrin. The first part of this work deals with the LES setup. The standard Smagorinsky model was used as closure model. A value of the Smagorinsky constant CS = 0.05 was chosen whereas the turbulent viscosity was reduced in the region closest to the wall by changing the definition of the Smagorinsky length scale. To handle the strong fluctuations in the flow field the cell fluxes are computed using the WENO-P scheme. In the second part, precursor RANS and LES simulations are used to set the optimal values of the SEM parameters and to guarantee the correct level of turbulence at the blade leading edge. The turbulence decay of the synthetic turbulence is compared with the one of the RANS κ–ωSST model. Finally, a comparison between experimental and numerical results is done and the ability of LES to predict the boundary layer transition and the heat transfer on the blade surface is evaluated for the two different inflow conditions.