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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Wild Leafy Vegetables“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Wild Leafy Vegetables"
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Das, Manoj Kumar Lal. „Documentation of Wild Leafy Vegetable Plants of Chitwan, Nepal“. BMC Journal of Scientific Research 5, Nr. 1 (31.12.2022): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v5i1.50677.
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Wild leafy vegetables are an important source of carbohydrates, proteins, minerals and fibers. Local people of Chitwan rely on wild leafy vegetables. Knowledge of wild leafy vegetables is part of traditional practice. This paper revealed total 38 plant species belonging to 32 Genera under 30 families which are consumed by local inhabitants of Chitwan. Out of 38 plants species consumed as leafyvegetable, 26 taxa were herbs, 6 species are climbers, 5 plant species as to trees and only one was climbers. The harvesting season of leafy vegetables are variable. 15 leafy vegetables plants were harvested during rainy season, 8 spp. were harvested in summer season. 12 plant species were harvested throughout the year. Similarly; 32 plant species were used for vegetables; 3 spp. were used for spices.A few spp. was consumed as raw, pickle and topping purpose.
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Guarise, Marta, Gigliola Borgonovo, Angela Bassoli und Antonio Ferrante. „Evaluation of Two Wild Populations of Hedge Mustard (Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.) as a Potential Leafy Vegetable“. Horticulturae 5, Nr. 1 (01.02.2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae5010013.
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The minimally processed industry is always looking for produce innovation that can satisfy consumer needs. Wild leafy vegetables can be a good source of bioactive compounds and can be attractive for the consumer in term of visual appearance and taste. In this work, Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop., commonly called hedge mustard, was grown in a greenhouse and evaluated as a potential leafy vegetable. Two wild populations, Milano (MI) and Bergamo (BG), were grown in peat substrate and harvested at the commercial stage for the minimally processing industry. Leaf pigments such as chlorophyll and carotenoids were determined as well as chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. Total sugars, antioxidant compounds such as ascorbic acid, phenolic index, total phenols, anthocyanins, and nitrate were determined at harvest. Significant differences between wild populations were found in April with higher nitrate content in BG, 2865 mg/kg FW than in MI, 1770 mg/kg FW. The nitrate levels of S. officinale measured in the present study are significantly lower than the maximum NO₃ level allowed in other fresh leafy vegetables. Ascorbic acid measured in November was higher in MI compared BG with values of 54.4 versus 34.6 mg/100 g FW, respectively. The chlorophyll a fluorescence data showed that BG reached optimal leaf functionality faster than MI. Overall results indicated that Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. can be suggested as a potential leafy vegetable for the minimally processed industry.
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Golait, Sachin, Sanjay Auti und Shankar Laware. „Documentation of Wild Edible Leafy Vegetable Traditionally Used By Tribal and Rural Communities of North Maharashtra, India“. Plantae Scientia 4, Nr. 3 (12.06.2021): 148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32439/ps.v4i3.148-159.
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Number of wild edible plants is commonly used in the traditional diets of tribal people in many parts of the world. North Maharashtra is well known for its tribal region and tribes from this region partially or fully dependent on the wild resources for their nutritional requirements. The present study was designed to document specifically the wild leafy vegetables from North Maharashtra. A total of 62 traditionally used wild leafy vegetable species were collected, identified and documented. Out of 62 species, 61 species belongs to Angiosperms and 1 belong to pteridophyte. With respect to families Amaranthaceae, Araceae, Asteraceae and Fabaceae were found to be the largest families with 29 species. Herbs are the major source of wild leafy vegetables with 43 species and forest is the home for the majority of wild leafy vegetables. Due to less awareness, loss of vegetation and fast erosion of traditional knowledge many species are on the line of rarity. The study helps to conserve those wild food species and cultivate them on large scales, to uplift their economical status and sustainable management in near future.
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Chavan, Smita, und Avinash S. Jondhale. „Identification, Documentation And Utilization Of Wild Green Leafy Vegetables From Tribal Region Of Nashik District“. Plantae Scientia 5, Nr. 2 (09.04.2022): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32439/ps.v5i2.49-56.
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From many years ago the tribal peoples commonly used numbers of wild leafy vegetables all over the world. Peth and Surgana are well known tribal region from Nashik district. The tribal community from that region was partially or fully dependent on the wild green leafy vegetables to complete their nutritional need. In present study from selected tribal region of Nashik district, a total 61 traditionally used wild green leafy vegetables was identified. Among 61 species, with respect to families Amaranthaceae, Fabaceae and Asteraceae were found to be largest family of wild leafy vegetables with 22 species. Presently because of modernization in agricultural practices, negligence of uncultivated plants, less awareness, illiteracy and sudden environmental changes the naturally grown wild leafy vegetables source was limited. So present study was focused on the identification and conservation of these species for future need.
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Varsha Sanjay, Khude. „Qualitative phytochemical analysis of ten different leafy wild vegetables“. Science Archives 04, Nr. 02 (2023): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.47587/sa.2023.4205.
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The present research paper focuses on the phytochemical analysis of 10 different species of non-cultivated, wild, and traditional vegetables available in the adjoining area of Nipani City (Karnataka) during the rainy season. These wild plants are used as medicine as well as vegetables. They are used to treat different diseases like diabetes, rheumatism, dysentery, dyspepsia, gastritis, constipation, urinary disorders, etc., and are easily available in natural habitats, a cheap and excellent source of nutrients like proteins, carbohydrates, iron, essential minerals, and other secondary metabolites. Phytochemical analyzed 10 leafy vegetable extracts shows the presence of phytochemicals such as phenols, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The photochemical analysis of these plants is very important commercially and has a great interest in pharmaceutical companies for the production of new drugs for curing various diseases.
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Khatun, Maksuda, Md Abul Hassan, Shaikh Nazrul Islam und M. Oliur Rahman. „Taxonomy of the leafy vegetables in Bangladesh“. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 20, Nr. 1 (25.06.2013): 95–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i1.15469.
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Thirty four exploration trips made throughout Bangladesh from 2000 to 2012 resulted in identification of 186 taxa used as leafy vegetables in the country, of which 173 taxa belong to angiosperms and 13 taxa to pteridophytes. Among the angiosperms, Magnoliopsida is represented by 153 taxa under 114 genera and 43 families, whereas Liliopsida is represented by 20 species under 15 genera and 8 families. Pteridophytes are symbolized by 13 species belonging to 10 genera and 10 families. Under each taxon updated nomenclature, vernacular names, habit, representative specimen and area of major consumption of the plant as a leafy vegetable have been provided. Out of 186 leafy vegetables identified in Bangladesh, 140 taxa are wild and 46 are cultivated. Among the cultivated ones 16 species are cultivated only as leafy vegetables and 30 are cultivated for other purposes but also used as leafy vegetables. A total of 61 species have been newly documented as leafy vegetables for Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i1.15469Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 20(1): 95-123, 2013 (June)
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Punchay, Kittiyut, Angkhana Inta, Pimonrat Tiansawat, Henrik Balslev und Prasit Wangpakapattanawong. „Nutrient and Mineral Compositions of Wild Leafy Vegetables of the Karen and Lawa Communities in Thailand“. Foods 9, Nr. 12 (26.11.2020): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9121748.
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Wild food plants are commonly used in the traditional diets of indigenous people in many parts of the world, including northern Thailand. The potential contribution of wild food plants to the nutrition of the Karen and Lawa communities remains poorly understood. Wild food plants, with a focus on leafy vegetables, were ranked by the Cultural Food Significance Index (CFSI) based on semi-structured interviews. Twelve wild plant species were highly mentioned and widely consumed. The importance of the wild vegetables was mainly related to taste, availability, and multifunctionality of the species. Their contents of proximate and minerals (P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu) were analyzed using standard methods. The proximate contents were comparable to most domesticated vegetables. The contents of Mg (104 mg/100 g FW), Fe (11 mg/100 g FW), and Zn (19 mg/100 g FW) in the wild leafy vegetables were high enough to cover the daily recommended dietary allowances of adults (19–50 years), whereas a few species showed Mn contents higher than the tolerable upper intake level (>11 mg/100 g edible part). The wild leafy vegetables, therefore, are good sources of minerals and we recommend their continued usage by indigenous people. Further research on these wild leafy vegetables’ contents of antioxidants, vitamins, heavy metals, anti-nutrient factors, and food safety is recommended.
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Zade, M. B. „Mineral Contents in Some Wild Neglected Leafy Vegetables“. International Journal of Research and Review 11, Nr. 3 (13.03.2024): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240308.
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Most of the iron for our body requirements can be obtained from green leafy vegetables and nutritional anemia can be easily cured by green leafy vegetables. The iron in the ash solution was determined colorimetrically by first converting the iron into ferric form using oxidizing agent potassium persulphate and the converting the ferric into red ferric thiocynate complex [Fe (SCN)6]3- exhibiting λmax at 480 nm by treatment with potassium thiocynate reagent. The calcium is essential for strong bones and teeth while iron which along with above vegetables also present in sufficient quantity in carrot, bitter gourd, onions and tomatoes is essential constituent of hemoglobin which helps to carry oxygen to cell in various parts of the body. Calcium was determined by oxalate precipitation method, and then titrated in hot condition against 0.01 M KMnO4 solution till permanent pink colour is obtained. Keywords: Iron, Thiocynate complex, colorimetrically, Calcium, Oxalate precipitation, KMnO4
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Some, Sudip, und Jaydip Mukherjee. „Study on Some Leafy Vegetables and their Medicinal Uses at Chanchal Sub-Division of Malda District, West Bengal“. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 4, Nr. 01 (31.01.2018): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v4i01.11617.
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Wild leafy vegetables are consumed by general people in both form of crude extract and recipe in a regular fashion since century long. Ethnic communities have immense knowledge on the medicinal and nutritional values of these vegetables. These vegetables are earning source of socio- economic backward rural people. People buy these vegetables from market or collect directly from natural habitat. An investigation was carried out for documentation of wild leafy vegetables at Chanchal of Malda district, West Bengal. Thirty two species of such vegetables belong to twenty nine families of twenty eight genera had been documented through this investigation carried in and around of study area exploring their huge nutritional and medicinal importance. Majority of wild leafy vegetables (53%) are used for curing of several ailments in study area.
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-Ne- Kimole, Kimole, Nona Mani-A-Vita, Ibebeke Bomangwa, Mpiana Tshimakinda, Mutambel Hity Schie'nkung, Matondo Falanga, Ndombe Tamasala, Kayembe Kayembe, Ikolongo Bofembo und Ngelinkoto Mpia. „Survey Study Of Spontaneous Wild Leafy Vegetables Consumed By The Indigenous Batwa People Living In The Equatorial Forest Near The City Of Mbandaka/DR Congo“. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 41, Nr. 2 (21.11.2023): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v41.2.5776.
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This work focuses on the importance of leafy vegetables consumed in 3 localities BOLENGE, BANTOY and BOYEKA 1 and BOYEKA 2 located in the equatorial forest near the city of Mbandaka (DR Congo). The objective of this study is to identify the main spontaneous leafy vegetables gathered by the indigenous Batua people and to carry out a food and nutritional characterization. On the one hand, an ethnonutritional survey on eating habits was conducted among this indigenous Batua population, consumers of spontaneous leafy vegetables. The leafy greens that were investigated are: Ipomea batatas (L) Lam , Solanum aethiopicum L., Talinum triangulare ( jacq ) Wild, Amaranthus viridis L.; Hibiscus Sabdariffa , Manihot esculenta L. Grantz , Colocasia esculanta (L) Schot , Cecropia concolor miq , Lasimonda senegalensis schott , Erythroccoca atrovinens (Pax) Prain , Celosia trigyra L. On the one hand, a survey was conducted among 200 households with reference to some ethnonutritional data on the use and consumption of these leafy vegetables. The results reveal that these leafy vegetables are consumed in descending order by adults whose average age is over 40 years old (50.5%), followed by people whose age is between 30 and 40 years old (32%) and young people whose age is less than or equal to 30 years (17.5%). From the education point of view of the respondents, the most represented class is made up of people with no schooling (50%), followed successively by those with secondary schooling (25%), primary (23.5%) and higher (1 .5%). The socio-demographic analysis reveals that females are the majority consumers of these spontaneous vegetables (52.5%) against (47.5%) males in the 3 villages. The marital status of respondents reveals that married people are the most represented (60.5%). Slightly more than a third of people surveyed (34%) work as a lumberjack. The average percentage of consumption of leafy vegetables of these three villages ( Bolenge , Bantoy , Boyeka ) reveals that the population of Bolenge consumes more leafy vegetables (15.32%) compared to Bantoy (11.9%) and Boyeka (5.36%). Endogenous knowledge of the virtues of three most consumed leafy vegetables ( Ipomea batatas (L) Lam , Solanum aethiopicum L., Talinum triangulare ( jacq ) Wild) in the three villages, reveals that the population of Boyeka presents a higher knowledge (39.3%) than Bantoy (24.66%) and Bolenge (14%). It is observed that knowledge of the nutritional value of leafy vegetables does not correspond to the consuming population of the village, except in the Bolenge village.Mots clés : chenilles, éléments minéraux, micronutriments, insectes comestibles, oligoéléments
Dissertationen zum Thema "Wild Leafy Vegetables"
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Pradhan, Sudhan. „Studies on Some Wild Leafy Vegetables of Sikkim with Reference to Ecological Distribution and Nutritional Composition“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1510.
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Tufts, Heather. „The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Kenyan leafy green vegetables, wild fruits, and medicinal plants: potential for the health-promoting properties of biodiversity to contribute to kwashiorkor alleviation“. Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114601.
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The etiology of kwashiorkor, a form of severe acute malnutrition in children, may be linked to inflammation and oxidative stress. Biodiversity can contribute health-promoting properties that may address the inflammation and oxidative stress seen in kwashiorkor. Six medicinal plants, five leafy green vegetables (LGV), and two wild fruits were collected from Kaiti Division, Makueni County, Eastern Province, Kenya and examined for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and total phenolics assays and a TNF-α in vitro assay, respectively. All the medicinal plants and several LGV had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. A. dubius, V. unguiculata ( both LGV), O. americanum, and Z. chalybeum (medicinal plants) showed the greatest anti-inflammatory activity among the plants tested and were also widely consumed and used among the children in this study. There was a wide variety of LGV and wild fruits available in the study region, which may have contributed to the high mean food variety score (FVS) of 26 for the non-breastfed children. This study demonstrates a theoretical basis for investigating a link between health-promoting properties of biodiversity, dietary diversity, and the development of kwashiorkor for improved nutrition and health outcomes in children.L'éthologie de kwashiorkor, une forme de malnutrition severe et aigu chez les enfants, peut-etre lié a l'inflammation et le stress oxydatif. La biodiversité peux contribuer des propriétés qui favorise la santé et qui adresse l'inflammation et le stress oxydatif qui se trouve dans le kwashiorkor. Six plantes medicinal, cinq légumes à feuilles vertes et deux fruits sauvages ont été recueillis par Kaiti Division, Makueni County, Eastern Province, Kenya et examiné pour des propriétés antioxydant et anti-inflammatoire en utilisant les dosages ORAC et des phénols totaux et un dosage TNF- α in vitro, respectivement. Tous les plantes médicinales et plusieurs LGV ont eu de l'activité antioxydant et anti-inflammatoire. A. dubius, V. unguiculata (LGV), O. americanum, et Z. chalybeum (des plantes médicinales) ont montré le plus grand activité anti-inflammatoire de toutes les plantes testées et ont été également largement consommé et utilisé chez les enfants dans cette étude. Il y avait une grande variété de LGV et de fruits sauvages disponibles dans la région étudiée, ce qui peut avoir contribué à des scores élevés moyennes alimentaires divers (FVS) de 26 pour les enfants non allaités au sein. Cette étude démontre une base théorique pour enquêter sur un lien entre promotion de la santé des propriétés de la biodiversité, la diversité alimentaire, et le développement du kwashiorkor pour améliorer la nutrition et la santé chez les enfants.
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Mlalazi, Nkanyiso. „Metal content in soil and a wild leafy vegetable, Bidens pilosa L. on the Witwatersrand gold fields“. Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25031.
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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Science in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Environmental Science
School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences (AP&ES)
Johannesburg. 31 August 2017.Metal pollution could result in health and economic risks to communities. Plant absorbs both essential and toxic elements from polluted soil and water. Consumption of contaminated vegetables and incidental ingestion of soils have been confirmed to be a pathway of contaminants for humans and livestock. Previous studies have established that some species which are utilized as wild leafy vegetables (WLVs) grow on polluted land in Witwatersrand goldfields, and people harvest these vegetables for consumption. An edible plant that is harvested and consumed is Bidens pilosa (black jack). Samples of soil and corresponding B. pilosa leaves were collected from a mine contaminated site on the Witwatersrand known as the Varkenslaagte, in Gauteng Province which is being monitored since the implementation of phytoremediation about 14 years ago. Metal concentrations were compared with those in soil and leaf material collected from different sites, viz., (i) the nearby Kraalkop nature reserve (n=2); (ii) a commercial/industrial site in Johannesburg’s central business district (n=1) and (iii) a residential site in Johannesburg (n=1). Different soil particle size fractions and leaf material subjected to different treatments were analysed for iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) concentrations. Concentration of As in unfractionated soils were highest in Kraalkop plot 2 (52.6 mg/kg). Johannesburg commercial area had the least As concentration (6.3 mg/kg). Zinc concentrations in soils were highest in Johannesburg commercial area (649.3 mg/kg) and lowest in Varkenslaagte (84.0 mg/kg). Kraalkop plot 1 had the highest Fe concentrations (61000 mg/kg) and Johannesburg residential suburb had the lowest Fe concentrations (31720 mg/kg). Lead concentrations in soils were highest in Johannesburg commercial area (185.9 mg/kg) and lowest in Varkenslaagte (32.6 mg/kg). While the mean concentrations of Pb, As and Zn in soil and B. pilosa in Varkenslaagte (n=8) was in some cases lower than concentrations in some of the comparison sites, the metal concentrations in some plots in Varkenslaagte were above the concentrations of the samples obtained from the comparison sites. This indicates that metal concentrations are still high in some areas of the Varkenslaagte despite remediation. There was no significant difference in distribution of metal concentrations between different soil particle size ranges. Different preparatory and cooking methods resulted in different concentrations of Fe and Pb. However, concentrations of As and Zn were not affected by different categories of B. pilosa treatment and cooking methods. Concentrations of Zn and Pb exceeded minimum allowable limit levels as stipulated in FAO/WHO, European Union (EU) and South African regulations relating to maximum levels of metals in leafy vegetables. A dietary risk index (DRI) indicated that there is no obvious risk to adult populations from B. Pilosa consumption, particularly as this species is not consumed in the same volumes as other, more popular, wild leafy vegetables. However, this preliminary study does not include DRI in children, dietary exposure through consumption of other foods besides B. pilosa and does not encompass dermal and inhalation exposure pathways which are important contributing factors to health risk indices. Key words: Wild leafy vegetables, gold mining, pollution, contaminated land, dietary risk
LG2018
Bücher zum Thema "Wild Leafy Vegetables"
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Zambia, Caritas. Agriculture resource manual: Harvesting, processing, and preservation of wild leafy vegetables, mushrooms and selected fruits. Lusaka: Caritas Zambia, 2006.
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Zambia, Caritas. Agriculture resource manual: Harvesting, processing, and preservation of wild leafy vegetables, mushrooms and selected fruits. Lusaka: Caritas Zambia, 2006.
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Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. 7. Aufl. New York, USA: Penguin Books, 2008.
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Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. Waterville, ME, USA: Thorndike Press, 2006.
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Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. 5. Aufl. Detroit, USA: Large Print Press, 2008.
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Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. 8. Aufl. New York, USA: Penguin Press, 2006.
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Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. Pollan, Michael/ Brick, Scott (NRT), 2006.
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Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore's Dilemma. Penguin Highbridge (Aud), 2006.
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Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore's Dilemma. Penguin Books, 2006.
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The Omnivore's Dilemma. New York: Penguin Group USA, Inc., 2008.
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Kaale, Lilian Daniel, Kumiko Sakamoto und Reiko Ohmori. „Nutrition Potential of African Wild Leafy Vegetables: Evidence from Semiarid Central Tanzania“. In Changing Dietary Patterns, Indigenous Foods, and Wild Foods, 295–313. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3370-9_13.
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Archana, G. Nair, S. Pradeesh, M. Devi Chinmayee, I. Mini und T. S. Swapna. „Diplazium esculentum: A Wild Nutrient-Rich Leafy Vegetable from Western Ghats“. In Prospects in Bioscience: Addressing the Issues, 293–301. India: Springer India, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0810-5_35.
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Meludu, Nkiru Theresa, und Toyin Abolade. „Corona Virus, Climate Change, and Food Security“. In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 563–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_233.
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AbstractCoronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a current pandemic causing lockdown of cities and countries. The nature of this disease and the global cases are still considered as deadly all over the world. Analogous was drawn between the current COVID-19 pandemic and some of the other contemporary crises of the world as regards to climate change in addition to food shortage. Also, Survey Monkey instrument was used to generate emperical evidences from 514 respondents on covid-19 awareness and the effect on food security. Effects of diseases on climate change, such as the increasing frequency and strength of extreme weather events or the expanding range and spread of diseases was considered. Then, the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change was investigated. Prior to the pandemic, climate change already had adverse effects on agriculture and vice versa, which led to food insecurity. The need for fruits as well as leafy and root vegetables in peri-urban and urban areas is increasing, as well as the food shortage. A drop in agricultural production will be expected in the future if the pandemic continues for a few more months. The perception and adherence to the preventive measures for this pandemic were determined to reduce its spread and lessen its effect on agricultural production as well as to improve food security
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Meludu, Nkiru Theresa, und Toyin Abolade. „Corona Virus, Climate Change and Food Security“. In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_233-1.
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AbstractCoronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a current pandemic causing lockdown of cities and countries. The nature of this disease and the global cases are still considered as deadly all over the world. Analogous was drawn between the current COVID-19 pandemic and some of the other contemporary crises of the world as regards to climate change in addition to food shortage. Also, Survey Monkey instrument was used to generate emperical evidences from 514 respondents on covid-19 awareness and the effect on food security. Effects of diseases on climate change, such as the increasing frequency and strength of extreme weather events or the expanding range and spread of diseases was considered. Then, the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change was investigated. Prior to the pandemic, climate change already had adverse effects on agriculture and vice versa, which led to food insecurity. The need for fruits as well as leafy and root vegetables in peri-urban and urban areas is increasing, as well as the food shortage. A drop in agricultural production will be expected in the future if the pandemic continues for a few more months. The perception and adherence to the preventive measures for this pandemic were determined to reduce its spread and lessen its effect on agricultural production as well as to improve food security.
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Joyce Malebo, Ntsoaki. „Nutritional and Functional Value of African Leafy Vegetables: Advantages and Limitations“. In Plant-Based Diet [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112972.
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Globally, communities experience food insecurity, highlighting a need for access to food sources that are readily available with nutritional benefits. African leafy vegetables represent a plant-based food source that is rich in nutritional content and health benefits. These vegetables can grow unattended in the wild with minimal agricultural inputs which may negatively affect the environment, highlighting the advantages of their use. However, there is still a need to investigate the nutritional and functional value of these vegetables, focusing on their advantages and limitations before they can be recommended as an alternative food source. The chapter will focus on evaluating peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, and other publications to conduct a qualitative review.
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Sharma, Tanya, Vinika Tyagi und Megha Bansal. „Vegetable and Herbal Extracts: A Way towards Preventive and Therapeutics Regimen“. In Vegetable Growing [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101104.
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The traditional and herbal medicines play significant role in the treatment of several diseases. These medicines are the outcome of extensive research on therapeutic and preventive activity of various plant species and their specific parts. Administration of various plant parts, vegetables, fruits and other herbal constituents have significant impact on reduction of clinical, carcinogenic and genotoxic effects of various environmental toxicants. Various parts of plant such as wood, bark, stem, leaf and pod are rich in antioxidants which are known for their free radical scavenging activity. Currently, the treatment options rely significantly using natural anti-oxidants which are extracted from plant products because these are largely available, cost effective and non-toxic as compared to the synthetic drugs. Some potent natural anti-oxidants include tocopherol, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, quercetin, carotene, cinnamic acid, peptides and phenolic compounds which are extensively available in various herbal extracts. The present chapter will focus upon availability of various antioxidants in vegetables and other medicinal plants and their potential activities against xenobiotics.
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Langangmeilu, Golmei, und Kamei Gaisinmeilu. „POTENTIAL AND PROSPECTS OF GROW LIGHTS IN CROP PRODUCTION“. In Futuristic Trends in Agriculture Engineering & Food Sciences Volume 2 Book 9, 94–106. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v2bs9ch9.
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Plants can be manipulated to meet different needs by changing how they respond to different colors of light. Plants primarily used blue and red color spectrum and some ultraviolet for their photosynthetic reaction. The plants will grow taller and their leaves will be lighter in color if they aren't getting enough regular sunshine. Growing bulbs that provide the precise illumination needed for plants at different growth stages have been made possible by technology. Artificial light can be used for photosynthesis. Utilizing wavelengths to activate specific organic functions is a new area that can be investigated in the world of agricultural applications. One of the most promising directions for future agriculture is the scientific use of light. A fine-tuned management of all vegetation characteristics is now possible thanks to increasingly accurate numerical data on sunshine. Utilizing wavelengths enables cutting-edge crop protection options. In addition to their intensity, spectrum, and energy, LEDs (light emitting diode) are an innovative artificial lighting source for plants, whether used as additional or sole-source lighting. This is because they allow for the precise modulation of metabolic reactions to increase plant quality and production. LEDs are increasingly widely used in agriculture, mostly for leafy vegetables, herbs, and potted plants. Recent improvements in LED technology have made it feasible to accurately modify a crop's lighting schedule. As a result, there are now opportunities to use plants' ability to adapt during development to raise agricultural yield and quality
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Selvakumar, Raman. „An Update on Radish Breeding Strategies: An Overview“. In Plant Breeding - New Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108725.
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In tropical, subtropical, and temperate climates, radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a popular root vegetable. Radish diversity is intense from the eastern Mediterranean to the Caspian Sea. Many radish varieties have varied leaf morphology, root color, size, shape, flavor, vernalization requirements, and maturity times. Early radish variants were long and tapered rather than cylindrical, bulbous, elliptic, or spherical. For black Spanish radish, European-cultivated variety, and Asian-cultivated radish, three separate domestication processes occurred. The original radishes were black, followed by white in the 1500s then red and round in the 1700s. These are R. sativus L. var. radicula (sativus) or R. sativus L. var. niger radishes. Because of protogyny, self-incompatibility, open architecture, and biennial bolting, radish crosses readily. The fundamental methods for using heterotic breeding potential are SI, CMS, and doubled haploids (DH). This chapter discusses the various breeding strategies like inbred line development by the use of self-incompatibility, hybrid development by using male sterility system, population improvement, mutation breeding, haploid breeding, breeding strategies for biotic and abiotic stresses, QTL mapping, and genome wide and genomic tool in radish. Rapid developments in our understanding of advanced biotechnology technologies will increase our ability to identify cultivars and parental lines, check seed genetic purity, analyze phylogenetic links and genetic diversity, and add specific transgenic traits.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Wild Leafy Vegetables"
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Tarkanyi, Patricia, Georgeta Popescu, Laura Radulescu, Monica Dragomirescu und Despina-Maria Bordean. „URTICA DOICA PLANTS: A POSSIBILITY TO EVALUATE CLIMATE CHANGE“. In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/4.2/s19.47.
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Urtica dioica L. is a multi-functional plant commonly known as stinging nettle, which has been used as wild vegetable for centuries. Stinging nettle is a highly nutritious vegetable due to its increased use in different food products and its health-promoting properties. Nettles are highly adaptable occurring in most common areas from unpolluted to highly polluted areas, along stream banks, farmland and also in highly disturbed areas. In hot areas, they prefer sites in partial shade, but accept to grow also in full sun, mostly in moist soils alongside streams or in drains. U. dioica develops easily while under stressful conditions of drought; reducing light absorption and ensuring carbon assimilation through light energy conversion efficiency. The aim of this study is to evaluate the moisture content and antioxidant properties of nettle plant components (root, leafs and stem). Evaluation of moisture contents, total antioxidant capacity and total polyphenol contents in ethanol nettle extracts is important in regard to the potential applications in various fields, such as environment, medicine and industry (food/feed, cosmetics, textiles etc.). The experimental studies were performed on nettle plants collected from three different counties from the western part of Romania and the obtained results were compared to various literature data. Due to the fact that one of the main characteristics of Urtica dioica L. is the resistance to drought, because of the thin leaves and their cuticle and the low percentage of epidermal cells, the study of evolution of leaves and roots moisture content as well as antioxidant capacity can give important information regarding the influence of climate change on plant development.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Wild Leafy Vegetables"
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Lers, Amnon, E. Lomaniec, S. Burd, A. Khalchitski, L. Canetti und Pamela J. Green. Analysis of Senescence Inducible Ribonuclease in Tomato: Gene Regulation and Function. United States Department of Agriculture, Februar 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7570563.bard.
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Natural leaf senescence has a negative influence on yield. Postharvest induced senescence contributes to the losses of quality in flowers, foliage, and vegetables. Strategies designed to control the senescence process in crop plants could therefore have great applied significance. Senescence is regulated by differential gene expression yet, functional characterization of the genes specifically induced and study of their expression control, is still in its infancy. Study of senescence-specific genes is required to allow identification of regulatory elements participating in senescence-induced expression and thus provide insights into the genetic regulation of senescence. A main feature of senescence is the hydrolysis of macromolecules by hydrolases of various types such as RNases and proteases. This study was aimed a analysis of senescence-inducible RNases in tomato with the following objectives: Isolation of senescence-inducible RNase cDNA clones; Expression analyses of RNase genes during senescence; Identification of sequences required for senescence-induced gene expression; Functional analyses of senescence-inducible RNases. We narrowed our aims somewhat to focus on the first three objectives because the budget we were awarded was reduced from that requested. We have expanded our research for identification senescence-related RNase/nuclease activities as we thought it will direct us to new RNase/nuclease genes. We have also carried out research in Arabidopsis and parsley, which enabled us to draw mire general conclusions. We completed the first and second objectives and have made considerable progress on the remaining two. We have defined growth conditions suitable for this research and defined the physiological and biochemical parameters characteristic to the advance of leaf senescence. In tomato and arabidopsis we have focused on natural leaf senescence. Parsley was used mainly for study of postharvest senescence in detached leaves. We have identified a 41-kD a tomato nuclease, LeNUCI, specifically induced during senescence which can degrade both RNA and DNA. This activity could be induced by ethylene in young leaves and was subjected to detailed analysis, which enabled its classification as Nuclease I enzyme. LeNUCI may be involved in nucleic acid metabolism during tomato leaf senescence. In parsley senescing leaves we identified 2 main senescence-related nuclease activities of 41 and 39-kDa. These activities were induced in both naturally or artificially senescing leaves, could degrade both DNA and RNA and were very similar in their characteristics to the LeNUCI. Two senescence-induced RNase cDNAs were cloned from tomato. One RNase cDNA was identical to the tomato LX RNase while the second corresponded to the LE RNase. Both were demonstrated before to be induced following phosphate starvation of tomato cell culture but nothing was known about their expression or function in plants. LX gene expression was much more senescence specific and ethylene could activate it in detached young leaves. LE gene expression, which could be transiently induced by wounding, appeared to be activated by abscisic acid. We suggest that the LX RNase has a role in RNA catabolism in the final stage of senescence, and LE may be a defense-related protein. Transgenic plants were generated for altering LX gene expression. No major visible alterations in the phenotype were observed so far. Detailed analysis of senescence in these plants is performed currently. The LX promoter was cloned and its analysis is performed currently for identification of senescence-specific regulatory elements. In Arabidopsis we have identified and characterized a senescence-associated nuclease 1 gene, BFN1, which is highly expressed during leaf and stem senescence. BFN1, is the first example of a senescence- associated gene encoding a nuclease I enzyme as well as the first nuclease I cloned and characterized from Arabidopsis. Our progress should provide excellent tools for the continued analysis of regulation and function of senescence-inducible ribonucleases and nucleases in plants. The cloned genes can be used in reverse genetic approaches, already initiated, which can yield a more direct evidence for the function of these enzymes. Another contribution of this research will be in respect to the molecular mechanism, which controls senescence. We had already initiated in this project and will continue to identify and characterize regulatory elements involved in senescence-specific expression of the genes isolated in this work.
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Ghanim, Murad, Joe Cicero, Judith K. Brown und Henryk Czosnek. Dissection of Whitefly-geminivirus Interactions at the Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Cellular Levels. United States Department of Agriculture, Februar 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592654.bard.
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Our project focuses on gene expression and proteomics of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) species complex in relation to the internal anatomy and localization of expressed genes and virions in the whitefly vector, which poses a major constraint to vegetable and fiber production in Israel and the USA. While many biological parameters are known for begomovirus transmission, nothing is known about vector proteins involved in the specific interactions between begomoviruses and their whitefly vectors. Identifying such proteins is expected to lead to the design of novel control methods that interfere with whitefly-mediated begomovirus transmission. The project objectives were to: 1) Perform gene expression analyses using microarrays to study the response of whiteflies (B, Q and A biotypes) to the acquisition of begomoviruses (Tomato yellow leaf curl (TYLCV) and Squash leaf curl (SLCV). 2) Construct a whitefly proteome from whole whiteflies and dissected organs after begomovirus acquisition. 3) Validate gene expression by q-RTPCR and sub-cellular localization of candidate ESTs identified in microarray and proteomic analyses. 4) Verify functionality of candidate ESTs using an RNAi approach, and to link these datasets to overall functional whitefly anatomical studies. During the first and second years biological experiments with TYLCV and SLCV acquisition and transmission were completed to verify the suitable parameters for sample collection for microarray experiments. The parameters were generally found to be similar to previously published results by our groups and others. Samples from whole whiteflies and midguts of the B, A and Q biotypes that acquired TYLCV and SLCV were collected in both the US and Israel and hybridized to B. tabaci microarray. The data we analyzed, candidate genes that respond to both viruses in the three tested biotypes were identified and their expression that included quantitative real-time PCR and co-localization was verified for HSP70 by the Israeli group. In addition, experiments were undertaken to employ in situ hybridization to localize several candidate genes (in progress) using an oligonucleotide probe to the primary endosymbiont as a positive control. A proteome and corresponding transcriptome to enable more effective protein identification of adult whiteflies was constructed by the US group. Further validation of the transmission route of begomoviruses, mainly SLCV and the involvement of the digestive and salivary systems was investigated (Cicero and Brown). Due to time and budget constraints the RNAi-mediated silencing objective to verify gene function was not accomplished as anticipated. HSP70, a strong candidate protein that showed over-expression after TYLCV and SLCV acquisition and retention by B. tabaci, and co-localization with TYLCV in the midgut, was further studies. Besides this protein, our joint research resulted in the identification of many intriguing candidate genes and proteins that will be followed up by additional experiments during our future research. To identify these proteins it was necessary to increase the number and breadth of whitefly ESTs substantially and so whitefly cDNAs from various libraries made during the project were sequenced (Sanger, 454). As a result, the proteome annotation (ID) was far more successful than in the initial attempt to identify proteins using Uniprot or translated insect ESTs from public databases. The extent of homology shared by insects in different orders was surprisingly low, underscoring the imperative need for genome and transcriptome sequencing of homopteran insects. Having increased the number of EST from the original usable 5500 generated several years ago to >600,000 (this project+NCBI data mining), we have identified about one fifth of the whitefly proteome using these new resources. Also we have created a database that links all identified whitefly proteins to the PAVEdb-ESTs in the database, resulting in a useful dataset to which additional ESTS will be added. We are optimistic about the prospect of linking the proteome ID results to the transcriptome database to enable our own and other labs the opportunity to functionally annotate not only genes and proteins involved in our area of interest (whitefly mediated transmission) but for the plethora of other functionalities that will emerge from mining and functionally annotating other key genes and gene families in whitefly metabolism, development, among others. This joint grant has resulted in the identification of numerous candidate proteins involved in begomovirus transmission by B. tabaci. A next major step will be to capitalize on validated genes/proteins to develop approaches to interfere with the virus transmission.
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Lers, Amnon, und Pamela J. Green. LX Senescence-Induced Ribonuclease in Tomato: Function and Regulation. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586455.bard.
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Natural leaf senescence, which occurs even when growth conditions are near optimal, has a negative influence on yield. Postharvest induced senescence contributes to the losses of quality in flowers, foliage, and vegetables. Strategies designed to control the senescence process in crop plants could therefore have great applied significance. However, the successful design of such strategies requires a better insight into the senescence machinery and control in higher plants. A main feature of senescence is the hydrolysis of macromolecules by hydrolases of various types such as ribonucleases (RNases) and proteases. Previously we had identified and characterized the tomato LX RNase gene demonstrating its transcript to be highly and specifically induced during senescence. This reported study was focused on LX but also had broadened our research to other senescence-associated nucleic acids degrading enzymes to learn about their function and the regulation of their encoding genes. Beside tomato we used parsley and Arabidopsis for the study of: the bi-functional nuclease which has a role in senescence. The study of different senescence- associated nucleases in few plant systems will allow a more general view on function and regulation of these enzymes in senescence. The specific original proposed objectives included: 1. Study the consequences of alterations in LX RNase level on tomato leaf senescence and general development; 2. Analyze stimuli which may participate in senescence-specific activation of the LX gene; 3. Clone the senescence-associated BFNI nuclease gene homologue from tomato. 4. Further characterize the sequences required for senescence-specific gene expression. Homozygous transgenic plants in which LX gene was either inhibited or over-expressed were generated. In both of these LX mutated plants no major phenotypic consequences were observed, which may suggests that LX is not essential for plant growth under optimal growth conditions. Lack of any abnormalities in the LX over-expressing lines suggests that special system exist to allow function of the RNase only when needed. Detailed analyses of growth under stress and consequences to RNA metabolism are underway. We have analyzed LX expression on the protein level demonstrating that it is involved also in petal senescing. Our results suggest that LX is responding to complex regulation involving developmental, organ dependent factors and responds differently to hormonal or environmental stimuli in the different plant organs. The cloned 1.4 kb promoter was cloned and its analysis revealed that probably not all required elements for senescence induction are included. Biochemical analysis of senescence-associated be-functional nucleases in the different plants, tomato, parsley and Arabidopsis, suggests they belong to a sub-class within the type I plant nucleases. The parsley PcNUC1/2 nuclease protein was purified from senescing leaves its and activity was studied in vitro revealing endo-, double strand, nucleolytic activity and exo-nucleolytic activity. Its encoding gene was cloned and found to be induced on the mRNA level. The promoter of the related Arabidopsis BFNI nuclease was shown in both tomato and Arabidopsis to be able and direct senescence-specific expression suggesting that, at least part, the gene is regulated on the transcriptional level and that the mechanism for this senescence-specific regulation is conserved between different plants. Few plants in which the BFNI gene is mutated were identified which are subjected now to detailed analysis. Our results suggest that the senescence-related nucleic acid degrading enzymes share similarities in both function and regulation between different plants and possibly have important functions in processes un-related to senescence. Still, the function of these enzymes, at least in some cases is not essential to plant development under optimal growth conditions. We are now at the stage which permits in depth investigation of the specific functions and mode of molecular regulation of senescence-associated nucleases with the aid of the research tools developed. The isolated senescence-specific promoter, shown to be active in heterologous plant system, could be utilized in agricultural-related biotechnological applications for retardation of senescence.