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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Where light and bulky materials are handled“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Where light and bulky materials are handled"
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Reverberi, Andrea Pietro, Marco Vocciante, Marco Salerno, Maurizio Ferretti und Bruno Fabiano. „Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Low-Energy Wet Bead Milling of Metal Spheres“. Materials 13, Nr. 1 (21.12.2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13010063.
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A low-energy, magnetically-driven milling technique for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is proposed, where the grinding medium and the metal precursor consisting of silver spheres have the same shape and size, belonging to a millimetric scale. The process is carried out at room temperature in aqueous solvent, where different types of capping agents have been dissolved to damp particle agglomeration. The particle diameters, determined by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, have been compared with those typical of conventional wet-chemical bottom-up synthesis processes. The use of milling spheres and metal precursor of the same initial shape and size allows to overcome some drawbacks and limitations distinctive of conventional bead-milling equipment, generally requiring complex operations of separation and recovery of milling media. The milling bead/nanoparticle diameter ratio obtained by this approach is higher than that typical of most previous wet bead milling techniques. The method described here represents a simple, one-pot, cost-effective, and eco-friendly process for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles starting from a bulky solid.
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Tsuchikawa, Satoru, Kazuo Hayashi und Shigeaki Tsutsumi. „Nondestructive Measurement of the Subsurface Structure of Biological Material Having Cellular Structure by Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy“. Applied Spectroscopy 50, Nr. 9 (September 1996): 1117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963905114.
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Biological materials–wood is a typical example–are widely used in a state where not only the cellular structure but also its bulky shape is retained. NIRS (near-infrared spectroscopy) may be called for as a promising technique to analyze the physical state of such materials as well as the chemical composition. In this report, the effects of physical conditions found in wood on the absorption of NIR radiation are examined. In the experiments, conifers (Sitka spruce) that had various degrees of surface roughness and different orientations of fibers to the direction of incident light were used. Results of these measurements showed that the orientation of fibers and the surface roughness of wood were directly related to the absorbance. In addition, it became clear that the behavior of diffusely reflected light in wood could be expressed by Kubelka–Munk theory and fell into three categories according to the characteristic of the absorption and scattering coefficient. On the basis of these results, a new concept for the behavior of NIR light passing through material made of hollow fibers has been proposed.
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Cavallo, Alberto, Giuseppe De Maria, Ciro Natale und Salvatore Pirozzi. „Classes of Strongly Stabilizing Bandpass Controllers for Flexible Structures“. Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2012 (30.01.2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/249478.
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This paper proposes different design strategies of robust controllers for high-order plants. The design is tailored on the structure of the equations resulting from modeling flexible structures by using modal coordinates. Moreover, the control laws have some characteristics which make them specially suited for active vibration reduction, such as strong stabilization property and bandpass frequency shape. The approach is also targeted the case of more sensors than actuators, which is very frequent in practical applications. Indeed, actuators are often rather heavy and bulky, while small and light sensors may be placed more freely. In such cases, sensors can be usefully placed in the locations where the primary force fields act on the structure, so as to provide the controller with a direct information on the disturbance effects in terms of structural vibrations. Eventually, this approach may lead to uncolocated control strategies. The design problem is here solved by resorting to a Linear Matrix Inequality technique, which allows also to select the performance weights based on different design requirements, for example, a suitable bandpass frequency shape. Experimental results are presented for a vibration reduction problem of a stiffened aeronautical panel controlled by piezoelectric actuators.
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Wang, Chang, Zeqing Yu, Qiangbo Zhang, Yan Sun, Chenning Tao, Fei Wu und Zhenrong Zheng. „Metalens Eyepiece for 3D Holographic Near-Eye Display“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 8 (26.07.2021): 1920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11081920.
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Near-eye display (NED) systems for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have been rapidly developing; however, the widespread use of VR/AR devices is hindered by the bulky refractive and diffractive elements in the complicated optical system as well as the visual discomfort caused by excessive binocular parallax and accommodation-convergence conflict. To address these problems, an NED system combining a 5 mm diameter metalens eyepiece and a three-dimensional (3D), computer-generated holography (CGH) based on Fresnel diffraction is proposed in this paper. Metalenses have been extensively studied for their extraordinary capabilities at wavefront shaping at a subwavelength scale, their ultrathin compactness, and their significant advantages over conventional lenses. Thus, the introduction of the metalens eyepiece is likely to reduce the issue of bulkiness in NED systems. Furthermore, CGH has typically been regarded as the optimum solution for 3D displays to overcome limitations of binocular systems, since it can restore the whole light field of the target 3D scene. Experiments are carried out for this design, where a 5 mm diameter metalens eyepiece composed of silicon nitride anisotropic nanofins is fabricated with diffraction efficiency and field of view for a 532 nm incidence of 15.7% and 31°, respectively. Furthermore, a novel partitioned Fresnel diffraction and resample method is applied to simulate the wave propagations needed to produce the hologram, with the metalens capable of transforming the reconstructed 3D image into a virtual image for the NED. Our work combining metalens and CGH may pave the way for portable optical display devices in the future.
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Xu, Qianwen, Jeffery Lo und Shi-Wei Lee. „Directly Printed Hollow Connectors for Microfluidic Interconnection with UV-Assisted Coaxial 3D Printing“. Applied Sciences 10, Nr. 10 (14.05.2020): 3384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103384.
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Effective and reliable interconnections are crucial for microfluidics to connect with the macro world. Current microfluidic interfaces are still bulky, expensive, or with issues of clogging and material limitation. In this study, a novel ultraviolet (UV)-assisted coaxial three-dimensional (3D) printing approach was proposed to fabricate hollow microfluidic connectors with advantages of rapid prototyping, fixture-free, and materials compatible. An assembled coaxial nozzle was designed to enable co-flow extrusion, where the inner flow (water) served as the sacrificial layer and the outer flow (adhesive) was cured for shell formation. Furthermore, a converged UV-LED light source was attached to the coaxial nozzle for UV curing of adhesives. UV rheological characterizations were performed to study the UV curing kinematics, and the gelation time was employed to describe the state transition behaviors of UV curable adhesives used in the study. To explore requirements for successful hollow connectors direct printing, processing criteria such as co-flow regime and pre-cure time were investigated. The hollow connectors with an inner channel diameter of ~150 μ m and a height of 5 mm were successfully printed on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and glass substrate. The integration feasibility of the proposed method was also demonstrated by the presented microfluidic device with printed hollow connectors.
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Amri, Dian, und Irwan Irwan. „Pengaruh Penambahan Pecahan Kulit Kemiri Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Kasar Pada Beton Terhadap Massa Dan Kuat Tekan Beton“. JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, BUILDING AND TRANSPORTATION 3, Nr. 2 (10.09.2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jcebt.v3i2.2778.
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Concrete is a material that is widely used and become a major element in the building. The advantages of concrete, among others, have a strong high pressure than the tensile strength, easily formed, does not require special care, the material is easy to obtain from the surrounding, and more durable than other building materials. The more concrete is used as the constituent material of the concrete, hence encouraging research to develop the material as well as the way of making concrete. Hazelnut shell is one type of particle that is very light weight in a dry and quite hard. Where the hazelnut shell is it self known as a lot of waste accumulated and tend to become garbage because its utilization is still small or relatively small, so it needs to be handled seriously. In addition, today hazelnut shell is only used for a small need only. The purpose of this research is to find out the compressive strength of concrete and to utilize the waste of hazelnut shell as 10%, 20% and 30% concrete additives with the planned K225 concrete quality, with 28 days concrete plan, The addition of hazelnut shell to the concrete mixture resulted decrease in compressive strength of normal concrete in each variation of the percentage. This is because the mixture of hazelnut shell is not strong enough to be a substitute for coarse aggregates, resulting in a decrease in the compressive strength of the concrete
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Mukherjee, Shibabrata, Parthasarathi Satvaya und Saswati Mazumdar. „Development of a Microcontroller Based Emergency Lighting System with Smoke Detection and Mobile Communication Facilities“. Light & Engineering, Februar 2019, 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2017-067.
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This paper describes a microcontroller based emergency lighting system, which can early detect fire and send the alarm message through a mobile network. This is achieved via smoke and gas detector technology added with integrated microcontroller, mobile communication and a LED emergency light. First five Minutes of fire is more important than last five hours [1]. Hence, it is important to have early detection of fire and start fire fighting in its inception. In many hazardous areas where flammable materials are handled, any leak or spillage may give rise to an explosive atmosphere. In this situation, early detection of leaking gas or smoke plays an important role in reducing fire deaths and injuries. In fact, immediately after detection of fire, fire fighting should be started by means of portable fire extinguishers or by informing the fire brigade. This developed system can initiate these functions by detecting the fire hazard, establishing the communication to dwellers and turning on the emergency light to show the exit route.
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„Design, Analysis and Manufacturing of a Weight Lifting Human Sized EXO-Skeleton“. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, Nr. 1 (30.10.2019): 2067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a9569.109119.
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Lifting of various light and heavy objects is the tedious work done by many of the people on many occasions. Manpower is utilized in many areas where heavy materials are to be handled. Nowadays, this lifting of loads for hours together has become very common in every person’s life whether it may be bag or cup of coffee or books, laptop, tools which he works throughout the day, etc. At industries, heavy materials are to be machined and be loaded into the machinery, this requires a person to transfer uneven raw materials up to the cutting or crushing machines. With the EXO-SKELETON, a person can work freely by wearing it on his body and can lift heavy loads as easy without difficulty. The main objective here is to make a person to go through less strain while lifting heavyweights. This can be successfully used in production lines, weight transferring areas, military purposes, even in the medical field where when a person is unable to move his limbs, he can wear and easily can move his body parts. The main raw material used is Mild Steel as it is easily available and cheap. The movement occurs through the air compressor and pneumatic cylinders. The 3-D Modelling of the whole is done in Solidworks 2016 and the analysis of the parts was done in Ansys 18.1 workbench software.
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Hooper, I. R., N. E. Grant, L. E. Barr, S. M. Hornett, J. D. Murphy und E. Hendry. „High efficiency photomodulators for millimeter wave and THz radiation“. Scientific Reports 9, Nr. 1 (Dezember 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54011-6.
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AbstractPhotomodulators for mm-wave and THz radiation are an essential component for many imaging and signal processing applications. While a myriad of schemes have been devised to enhance photomodulation by enhancing the light-matter interaction, there has been less focus on the photoconductive materials themselves, which are often the limiting factor. Here, we present an approach to increase the photomodulation efficiency of silicon by orders of magnitude, using post treatment of off-the-shelf silicon wafers. The increase in efficiency removes the need for bulky and costly amplified laser sources, and creates the potential for compact and cost-effective modulators for real-world applications. By passivating the surfaces of long bulk-lifetime silicon wafers with Al2O3, the recombination of the photoexcited carriers at the surfaces is mostly eliminated. This results in vastly longer excess carrier lifetimes (up to ~50 ms), with corresponding increases in photoconductivity. The resulting modulators are highly efficient, with the transmission through them being reduced from ~90% to <10% over a narrow frequency band with a continuous wave excitation intensity of just 10 Wm−2, whilst modulation factors of greater than 80% can be achieved over a broad band with similar intensities. We also discuss the limitations of such long-lifetime modulators for applications where the switching speed or spatial resolution of a modulator may be critical.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Where light and bulky materials are handled"
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Šulák, Petr. „Vysokovýklopná lopata dřevní štěpky“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442820.
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