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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Wheat Australia Quality“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Wheat Australia Quality"
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Bekes, F., W. Ma und K. Gale. „QTL analysis of wheat quality traits“. Acta Agronomica Hungarica 50, Nr. 3 (01.09.2002): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.50.2002.3.3.
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This paper aims to give an overview on the different aspects of QTL analysis of quality traits of wheat through the brief introduction of molecular genetics, cereal chemistry and the statistical methods developed and applied recently in this area. Some examples are also provided, based on the author's research activity carried out in the National Wheat Molecular Marker Program (NWMMP) established in Australia in 1996.
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McDonald, GK. „The contribution of nitrogen fertiliser to the nitrogen nutrition of rainfed wheat crops in Australia: a review“. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, Nr. 3 (1989): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890455.
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Very little nitrogen (N) fertiliser is applied to wheat crops in Australia. Currently, about 105 t of N fertiliser (less than 20% of Australia's total consumption) are used annually at an average rate of 2-3 kg Nha. This scant use of N fertiliser over much of the Australian wheat belt N is because the N derived from a legume-dominant pasture ley is thought to provide a wheat crop's N requirement. However, trends in the grain protein content of Australian wheat and some other indices of soil fertility suggest that legume-based pastures have not always been able to supply all the N required for adequate nutrition of the wheat crop and that there has been some occasional need for extra N from applications of fertiliser. Recent declines in the productivity and quality of pastures has further increased the need for supplementary applications of N fertiliser. The increase in grain legume production also has been partly based on the presumption that grain legumes contribute to the N economy of the following wheat crop. Many experiments throughout the wheat belt show a yield advantage of wheat grown after a grain legume, but these rotation trials also show that the level of productivity of the grain legume has little effect on the yield of the following wheat crop. A review of these experiments suggests that grain legumes, directly, contribute little to the N nutrition of a following wheat crop and their benefit may be from the legume acting as a disease break or providing the opportunity to control grassy weeds.
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Lever, T., A. Kelly, J. De Faveri, D. Martin, J. Sheppard, K. Quail und D. Miskelly. „Australian wheat for the sponge and dough bread making process“. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, Nr. 10 (2005): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05113.
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This work investigates the suitability of Australian wheats for the sponge and dough bread market, and determines the wheat quality attributes most important for large loaf volume. A group of 30 genotypes was selected for quality testing and baking using a purpose-developed sponge and dough test baking method. Genotypes were grown at 2 sites in Queensland during winter of 2001 and 2002, and then grain from the field trials was tested in the laboratory. The traits measured included grain, flour, and dough quality, along with loaf volume as the main trait of interest. Glutenin alleles and Wx-B1 allele status of the genotypes were also determined. Genetic correlations were calculated between loaf volume and all the quality traits. The quality trait with the strongest relationship to loaf volume was flour swelling volume. Glutenin alleles and Wx-B1 alleles may also be important for sponge and dough bread quality but the data presented here were insufficient to draw strong conclusions. Consistent, large sponge and dough loaf volumes (>850 cm3) were achieved by the Batavia/Pelsart double haploids QT8753, QT10793, and QT10778. The wheat varieties Hartog and Kennedy also performed well. The work demonstrated that Australia can produce wheat suitable for this market.
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Humphries, A. W., R. A. Latta, G. C. Auricht und W. D. Bellotti. „Over-cropping lucerne with wheat: effect of lucerne winter activity on total plant production and water use of the mixture, and wheat yield and quality“. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, Nr. 8 (2004): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03250.
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Two field experiments in southern Australia investigated a farming system of over-cropping wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) into established lucerne (Medicago sativa subsp. L.) varieties of different winter activity ratings. The study was completed at Roseworthy, South Australia, and Katanning, Western Australia, between August 2000 and May 2003 in seasons receiving below average and average rainfall. Comparative lucerne persistence and biomass, wheat biomass, grain yield and protein contents, and soil water contents were measured. Wheat grain yield was reduced by 13–63% by over-cropping lucerne compared with wheat monoculture. Winter-dormant lucerne (winter activity Classes 0.5 and 2) reduced the yield penalty compared with winter-active varieties (Classes 6 and 10) in 2 of the 4 evaluations. The positive response to applying N at sowing in the second year of over-cropping wheat at Katanning was greatest in the most winter-dormant lucerne treatment (winter activity 0.5). Soil water contents were similar under the lucerne/wheat over-cropping and lucerne monoculture treatments irrespective of lucerne winter activity. Deficits of up to 43 mm at Roseworthy and 88 mm at Katanning were measured in the 0–200-cm soil profile at the start of the third summer of the study. The study shows that it can be more efficient in terms of land area to over-crop wheat into lucerne than to grow monocultures on separate parcels of land akin to phase farming. The improved productivity of over-cropping is associated with the separation of growth patterns of winter wheat and summer-active lucerne. This farming system offers great potential for improving sustainability and productivity in southern Australian cropping rotations.
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Williams, R. M., L. O'Brien, H. A. Eagles, V. A. Solah und V. Jayasena. „The influences of genotype, environment, and genotype×environment interaction on wheat quality“. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, Nr. 2 (2008): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07185.
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Knowledge of the relative contributions of genotype (G), environment (E), and genotype and environment interaction (G × E) effects on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) quality leads to more effective selection in breeding programs and segregation of more uniform parcels of grain better suited to the needs of customers. Their effects on wheat quality were reviewed using papers obtained from 4 major international databases. The literature is dominated by research from North America, with lesser contributions from Europe, Australia, and the rest of the world. Use of analysis of variance to partition sources of variation due to G, E, and G × E was the most common approach but, more recently, residual maximum likelihood methods that can accommodate large, but unbalanced, datasets have been used. In North America and Europe, the relative contributions of G, E, and G × E varied across studies, but traits associated with protein content were more influenced by E and G × E than those associated with protein quality, dough rheology and starch characteristics, where G effects were more important. Variation in the relative contributions of G, E, and G × E was highly dependent on the G and E sampled. The Australian studies were characterised by a relative lack of G × E, with G and E rankings being similar across the country for the protein quality, dough rheology, and starch quality traits examined in detail. This suggests that, in Australia, more efficient testing of potential cultivars will be possible for these traits, especially when the underlying variation at the gene level is known, and that efficiencies in the design and conduct of trial systems and quality evaluations could be achieved by testing samples from targetted environments without affecting genetic gain and overall crop quality.
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Eagles, H. A., Karen Cane, R. F. Eastwood, G. J. Hollamby, Haydn Kuchel, P. J. Martin und G. B. Cornish. „Contributions of glutenin and puroindoline genes to grain quality traits in southern Australian wheat breeding programs“. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, Nr. 2 (2006): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05242.
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Glutenin genes were known to influence maximum dough resistance (Rmax), dough extensibility (extensibility), and dough development time, whereas puroindoline genes were known to influence grain hardness, flour water absorption (water absorption), and milling yield. These are important determinants of grain quality of wheat in Australia. This study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of these genes on Rmax, extensibility, dough development time, water absorption, and milling yield in a large dataset assembled from the breeding programs based at Horsham, Victoria; Roseworthy, South Australia; and Wagga Wagga, New South Wales; for at least 10 seasons. The effect of the glutenin genes on Rmax, extensibility, and dough development time was confirmed, as was the effect of the puroindoline genes on water absorption and milling yield. In addition, puroindoline genes were shown to significantly affect extensibility and dough development time. The Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1b genotype increased extensibility, dough development time, and milling yield relative to the Pina-D1b/Pinb-D1a genotype. Both of these genotypes are present in cultivars classified as hard-grained in southern Australia. Therefore, the allelic composition of both glutenin and puroindoline genes is required to predict the grain quality of hard wheat in southern Australian breeding programs. The glutenin and puroindoline genes in combination accounted for more than 50% of the genotypic variance for these traits, except for milling yield, but a substantial proportion of the genotypic variation could not be attributed to these genes, indicating that other genes affecting the traits were present in the populations of these wheat-breeding programs.
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Sissons, Mike, Ben Ovenden, Dante Adorada und Andrew Milgate. „Durum wheat quality in high-input irrigation systems in south-eastern Australia“. Crop and Pasture Science 65, Nr. 5 (2014): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13431.
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To extend the production base of durum wheat in Australia, field trials were conducted on seven registered durum varieties across four seasons and six sites in locations where irrigation was supplied during crop growth. The purpose was to determine if the quality of the grain produced met the requirements for good milling and pasta-making quality and to understand the genotype, environment and their interaction in affecting yield and technological quality of the grain and derived pasta. High grain yields and grain protein were obtained, producing large grain weights, low screenings and low percentage of hard vitreous kernels. Yellow colour of semolina and pasta was reduced marginally but dough and other pasta technological characteristics were similar to typical dryland durum production, with some exceptions. Varieties were identified with potential for production under irrigation.
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Korte, Chris J., Patrick Wilson, Brian Kearns, Glenn J. Fitzgerald, Joe F. Panozzo, Cassandra K. Walker, Brendan Christy et al. „Potential impact of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and climate change on Victorian wheat marketing grades and value“. Crop and Pasture Science 70, Nr. 11 (2019): 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19155.
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The potential impact of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and future climate predicted for 2050 on wheat marketing grades and grain value was evaluated for Victoria, Australia. This evaluation was based on measured grain yield and quality from the Australian Grains FACE program and commercial grain delivery data from Victoria for five seasons (2009–13). Extrapolation of relationships derived from field experimentation under elevated [CO2] to the Victorian wheat crop indicated that 34% of grain would be downgraded by one marketing grade (range 1–62% depending on season and region) because of reduced protein concentration; and that proportions of high-protein wheat grades would reduce and proportions of lower protein grades would increase, with the largest increase in the Australian Standard White (ASW1) grade. Simulation modelling with predicted 2050 [CO2] and future climate indicated reduced wheat yields compared with 2009–13 but higher and lower grain quality depending on region. The Mallee Region was most negatively affected by climate change, with a predicted 43% yield reduction and 43% of grain downgraded by one marketing grade. Using 2016 prices, the value of Victorian wheat grain was influenced mainly by production in the different scenarios, with quality changes in different scenarios having minimal impact on grain value.
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Hunt, James R. „Winter wheat cultivars in Australian farming systems: a review“. Crop and Pasture Science 68, Nr. 6 (2017): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17173.
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Winter wheat cultivars are defined as those that have an obligate vernalisation requirement that must be met before they will progress from the vegetative to reproductive phase of development i.e. they must experience a true winter before they will flower. Historically, very little breeding effort has been applied to the selection of winter cultivars suited to southern Australia, with the notable exception of the New South Wales Agriculture breeding program based in Wagga and Temora that ran from the 1960s until 2002. A shift by growers to earlier sowing, increased usage of dual-purpose cereals, and research highlighting the whole-farm benefits of winter cultivars to average farm wheat yield has increased grower interest and demand for winter cultivars. Three major wheat breeding companies operating in southern Australia have responded by commencing selection for milling quality winter cultivars, the first of which was released in 2017. Existing research relating to winter wheats in southern Australian farming systems is reviewed here, including interactions with agronomic management, environment and weeds and disease. It is concluded that winter wheats can offer significant production and farming system benefits to growers by allowing earlier establishment, which increases water-limited potential yield (PYw) by ~15% relative to later sown spring wheats, and makes forage available for dual-purpose grazing during vegetative development. Winter wheats sown early require agronomic management different to that of later sown spring wheats, including greater attention to control of grass weeds and certain diseases. There are significant research gaps that will prevent growers from maximising the opportunities from new winter cultivars once they are released. The first of these is a well-defined establishment window for winter cultivars, particularly in medium-low rainfall environments of South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia that have not historically grown them. There is circumstantial evidence that the yield advantage of early established winter wheats over later sown spring wheats is greatest when stored soil water is present at establishment, or the soil profile fills during the growing season. Explicit confirmation of this would allow growers to identify situations where the yield advantage of winter wheats will be maximised. Given the imminent release of several new winter wheat cultivars and the increases in PYw that they embody, it is critical to experimentally define the management and environmental conditions under which performance of these new genotypes are optimised, before their release and availability to growers. Optimising the genotype × environmental × management interactions possible with these cultivars will empower growers to make the best use of the technology and better realise the gains in water limited potential yield possible with these genotypes.
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Choct, M., R. J. Hughes und G. Annison. „Apparent metabolisable energy and chemical composition of Australian wheat in relation to environmental factors“. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, Nr. 4 (1999): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a98155.
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A total of 81 wheats collected from New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, and Western Australia over 3 harvests were assayed for apparent metabolisable energy (AME) in broiler chickens. The non-starch polysaccharides (soluble and insoluble) and their individual sugar components, starch, and protein were also determined. The nutritive quality of wheat varied significantly (P < 0.01), especially at time of harvest, with approximately 40% having an average AME value <13 MJ/kg dry matter. The low-AME wheats usually caused copious quantities of watery and sticky droppings. The occurrence of low-AME wheats was associated more with climatic conditions during growth than with geographical region.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Wheat Australia Quality"
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Moussavi-Nik, Mohsen. „Seed quality and crop establishment in wheat“. Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm933.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 247-268. A series of laboratory, greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to investigate aspects of seed quality in a range of bread wheat genotypes important in South Australia as well as a durum cultivar, Yallaroi. It was concluded that sound healthy seed does vary in quality and this affects seedling vigour, crop establishment and grain yield. Seed source can affect genotype performance in evaluation trials. There is genetic variability for embryo size, coleoptile length, nutrient efficiency and nutrient loading in to the seed which can be exploited by breeders. Agronomically, seed quality can be improved by managing seed crops to aid accumulation of mineral nutrients in the seed and then selecting, by grading, only large seed for sowing.
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Watson, Benedette. „Use of marker assisted selection for the introgression of quality traits from Australian into Chinese wheats“. University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2008. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00006290/.
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[Abstract]Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) for polyphenol oxidase and xanthophyll have a significant impact on variation in wheat flour for noodle colour and colour stability. QTLs from two Australian wheat cultivars, Sunco and Tasman, have been backcrossed into two Chinese wheat varieties, Chuanmai 22 and Mianyang 11, to assess marker predictability for these important traits in significantly different genetic backgrounds. The concept of Marker-Assisted-Selection (MAS) is being trialled in this study as a proposed method for wheat improvement. In this approach molecular markers are used in conjunction with backcross breeding methods to introgress specific characters into elite breeding materials, with the goal of improving the quality attributes of wheat for the Asian noodle market. After three single seed descent generations, the backcross populations generated allow four QTLs to be investigated. These include two for polyphenol oxidase (chromosome 2A and 2D) and two for xanthophyll (chromosome 3B and 7A). This research was successful in identifying microsatellite markers that are capable of predicting PPO activity levels and Xanthophyll content within the backcross populations. These microsatellites were validated as useful markers for these quality traits, as they have also found to be important in the Sunco x Tasman doubled haploid population. The combination of marker assisted selection and backcrossing has generated three lines that contain different combinations of the PPO activity and Xanthophyll content QTLs. These lines have been found to produce low levels of PPO activity and have a low Xanthophyll content. This improvement in flour colour and colour stability highlights the potential of marker assisted selection as a useful tool in wheat breeding.
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Tonkin, Rebecca Elizabeth. „The influence of seeding density and environmental factors on grain quality of main stems and tillers of wheat in South Australia (with special reference to prime hard quality wheat) : a thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide /“. Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pht6654.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Discipline of Soil and Land Systems, 2004."November 2004" Includes bibliographical references (leaves 182-189). Also available online.
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Biddulph, Thomas Benjamin. „Mechanisms of dormancy, preharvest sprouting tolerance and how they are influenced by the environment during grain filling and maturation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)“. University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0168.
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[Truncated abstract] Wheat is the main crop in Australia and there are stringent quality requirements. Preharvest sprouting induced by rainfall between maturity and harvest lowers grain quality from premium to feed grades and reduces yield. Wheat production has expanded into the southern Western Australian region where preharvest sprouting occurs in ~1 in 4 seasons and development of more preharvest sprouting tolerant genotypes is required. The main mechanism for improving preharvest sprouting tolerance is grain dormancy. There is genetic variation for dormancy based in the embryo and seed coat but dormancy is complex and is influenced by environmental conditions during grain filling and maturation. Screening and selecting for preharvest sprouting tolerance is problematic and the level of tolerance needed for regions which differ in the level of dormancy they impose, requires clarification. The research presented here aims to answer the underlying question for breeders of how much dormancy is required for preharvest sprouting tolerance in contrasting target environments of the central and coastal wheat belt regions of Western Australia. In the central and coastal wheat belt regions, field trials with modified environments were used to determine the environmental influence on dormancy. Water supply (without directly wetting the grain) and air temperature were modified during grain development in a range of genotypes with different mechanisms of dormancy to determine the influence of environment on dormancy. ... Genotypes with embryo dormancy were consistently the most preharvest sprouting tolerant, even though this dormancy was influenced by the environmental conditions in the different seasons. Pyramiding the embryo component with the specific seed coat component and/or awnless head trait removed some of the environmental variation in preharvest sprouting tolerance, but this was generally considered excessive to the environmental requirements. The methods developed here, of field imposed stresses may provide a valuable tool to further understand the influence of environment on the regulation of dormancy, as different phenotypes can be made with the same genotype. Moisture stress, sudden changes in water supply or high temperatures during the late dough stages influenced dormancy phenotype and should be considered and avoided if possible when selecting locations and running trials for screening for genetic differences in preharvest sprouting tolerance. In the Western Australian context, the embryo component of dormancy appeared to be sufficient and should be adopted as the most important trait for breeding for preharvest sprouting tolerance.
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Vilapakkam, Nagarajan Karthik. „What is it that the application of modelling and simulation can contribute towards understanding and managing service quality data for internet service providers (ISP) in Australia?“ School of Information Systems and Technology - Faculty of Informatics, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/121.
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This thesis assesses the appropriateness and effectiveness of discrete event simulation technique to understand and manage service elements in the ISP (Internet Service Provider) context. The baseline for this research involved the secondary data published by ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) and TIO (Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman) involving ISP numbers, Internet issues/complaints data. As many relatively new services are being offered, ISPs are finding it difficult to cope with varying customer expectations and their future technology expectancy. Access to infrastructure, avoiding anti—competitive behaviour from large players and service differentiation has become more important than ever for their survival. A number of challenges such as lack of provision of good quality service, lack of ability to cope with increasing (or varying) customer demands and expectations and lack of flexibility in providing services need to be overcome. The service environment in networking has focused heavily on the technical side and very little attention has been given to functional variables such as complaints handling, aligning technical and functional service quality processes and effective service recovery during service failures. Relying fully on the technical side obscures the nature of service. This research identified the fact that end users’ perspective of quality of services need to consider not only the inherent quality of the network, but also the service quality provided by the ISP. Users perceive poor service quality provided by their ISP if they do not get help desk support required from using the ISP services. This can turn a complaint about a problem in to a complaint about the company. The research question is answered by this thesis “What is it that the use of discrete event simulation technique can contribute to the understanding and managing service quality data for different ISP service operations?”The research methodology chosen was discrete event simulation methodology. The discrete event technique involves building up models based on the dynamic behavior of a network system as the time progresses. The appropriateness and effectiveness of this technique was tested by modelling technical service elements (modelling policy based networks using differentiated service schemes, alarm based network management system for effective service level agreement monitoring) and key functional elements that determine ISP non-technical service performance (ISP complaints handling, ISP call centre performance variables). The scenarios led to the development of an integrative simulation framework that addresses both user level service quality issues and network system oriented service quality issues. In the past user level service quality issues have been provided with negligible importance. The framework developed can help ISPs to model service attributes and use the results from such simulation studies to make competitive marketing decisions. The issues raised before and after simulation can be compared for effective service design. To achieve service excellence ISPs have to understand the interrelationship between various service quality dimensions such as tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy and how these dimensions affect customer perception of ISP service quality. In conclusion the research found that discrete event simulation can be used to understand and manage service quality data by internet service providers involving different ISP service operations.
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Tonkin, Rebecca. „The influence of seeding density and environmental factors on grain quality of main stems and tillers of wheat in South Australia“. 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37928.
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Prime Hard wheat, a high protein hard wheat classification of the Australian Wheat Board, has traditionally been grown in Queensland and the northern areas of New South Wales. Recently there have been moves to extend this area into the more southern regions of the wheat belt, to expand production of this grain and for greater reliability of supply. The emphasis of this thesis is on the opportunities and constraints to Prime Hard wheat production in South Australia. The environmental factors affecting wheat crops in South Australia are different to those in the traditional Prime Hard producing areas, with heat and moisture stress likely to be the most important climatic influences. Management practices such as the recent trends towards higher seeding densities could also be important (influencing main stem and tiller ratios). An experiment using controlled temperature and moisture conditions showed that main stems and tillers differed in their responses to post-anthesis heat and drought. A field experiment with moisture stress as the only treatment also showed differences in harvest parameters and grain quality between main stems and tillers. Grain produced from field plots at different plant densities showed significant differences in a number of quality measurements, the most important being 1000-grain weight and flour colour. Less screenings and higher 1000-grain weights were obtained from plots with higher seeding rates. However, flour from plots with higher seeding rates had slightly more yellow colour. When main stems and tillers from these plots were tested separately, using small-scale equipment, grain weight and flour colour also differed between main stems and tillers. Main stems produced larger grains than tillers, as expected, and tillers produced grains with yellower flour. The smaller grain size and yellower flour of the tillers is attributed to the higher degree of stress likely to be experienced by tillers, as they have later anthesis dates and are more likely to experience moisture, and/or heat stress at a critical stage of grain filling. Plants with more tillers, such as those grown in a low-density crop, have a later average anthesis date than an equivalent crop of higher seeding density, with more main stems. Therefore it is likely that increasing seeding density will give a shorter crop ripening period and a more uniform seed quality. However, care must be taken not to exceed the optimum plant population density. In conclusion, the experiments showed that tillers are more sensitive to conditions of moisture or heat stress than main stems, and that they make a measurable contribution to the quality of a wheat crop. Increasing the crop density decreased the proportion of tillers present, leading to a more uniform crop and less screenings at harvest. Increased competition in high-density crops may result in slightly more yellow flour, but dough and loaf quality were not affected.Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2004.
Bücher zum Thema "Wheat Australia Quality"
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Wilson, William W. The grain marketing system and wheat quality in Australia. Fargo, N.D: North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, North Dakota State University, 1989.
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Wheat and Wheat Quality in Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 1989.
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Simmonds, DH. Wheat and Wheat Quality in Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643101456.
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The relationship between grain morphology and chemistry and the practical realities of milling, flour yield, dough properties and baking behaviour, are stressed and explained. The quality requirements of flours intended for bread-baking, noodle-making and for other industrial purposes are listed and discussed.
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Fitzsimmons, RW, RH Martin, GL Roberts und CW Wrigley. Australian Cereal Identification. CSIRO Publishing, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643105454.
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As cereal grain markets become more quality conscious, there is a continuing need to identify and distinguish between varieties. This handbook supplements the books listed below with descriptions of sixteen recent wheats, two triticales, one barley and nine oat varieties. The original handbooks give full explanations of the characteristics used to describe the varieties of the respective cereals.
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Lindenmayer, David, und Philip Gibbons, Hrsg. Biodiversity Monitoring in Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643103580.
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Ecological and biodiversity-based monitoring has been marked by an appalling lack of effectiveness and lack of success in Australia for more than 40 years, despite the billions of dollars that are invested in biodiversity conservation annually. What can be done to rectify this situation?
This book tackles many aspects of the problem of biodiversity monitoring. It arose from a major workshop held at The Australian National University in February 2011, attended by leaders in the science, policy-making and management arenas of biodiversity conservation. The diversity of participants was deliberate – successful biodiversity monitoring is dependent on partnerships among people with different kinds of expertise.
Chapter contributors examine what has led to successful monitoring, the key problems with biodiversity monitoring and practical solutions to those problems. By capturing critical insights into successes, failures and solutions, the authors provide high-level guidance for important initiatives such as the National Biodiversity Strategy, similar kinds of conservation initiatives in state government agencies, as well as non-government organisations that aim to improve conservation outcomes in Australia. Ultimately, the authors hope to considerably improve the quality and effectiveness of biodiversity monitoring in Australia, and to arrest the decline of biodiversity.
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West, Peter. Guide to Introduced Pest Animals of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486305681.
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Australia’s introduced vertebrate pest species cost at least $1 billion annually in economic, environmental and social impacts. The Guide to Introduced Pest Animals of Australia is a comprehensive, practical guide to 60 introduced pest animal species present in Australia, including 27 mammals, 18 birds, nine freshwater fish, two amphibians and four reptiles. It contains descriptive information to identify each species in the field, including distinctive physical characteristics, size, weight, colouration, diet, breeding behaviour, habitat preferences, and information about footprints, dung, scats and audible animal calls.
Each species profile is accompanied by practical management information, maps and high-quality photographs – allowing readers to learn about pest species in their local area, what problems they might cause, and what control options exist for management. This guide also contains a number of emerging high-risk pest species that may pose a significant threat to our natural environment, economy, agriculture and human health.
Whether you are a farmer, natural resource manager, public land manager, pest controller, teacher, student, field naturalist or wildlife ecologist, this easy-to-use guide will help you identify Australia’s most significant introduced pest animals in your local area.
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Eckersley, R., Hrsg. Measuring Progress: Is Life Getting Better? CSIRO Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643097179.
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This book is the most wide-ranging exploration of national progress yet undertaken, spanning social, economic and environmental perspectives. It brings together some of Australia’s leading researchers to consider indicators of national performance, what they tell us about the quality and sustainability of life in Australia, and how these measures can be improved. It also includes commentaries by senior bureaucrats, academics and community representatives.
At one level, the debate is about the adequacy of Gross Domestic Product, as the dominant indicator of a nation’s performance, relative to both the past and other nations. However, the debate also reaches far beyond this question to challenge conventional thinking about progress and the relationships between economic activity, quality of life, health and well-being, and ecological sustainability.
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Lefroy, Ted, Allan Curtis, Anthony Jakeman und James McKee, Hrsg. Landscape Logic. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643103559.
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In 2005, researchers from four Australian universities and CSIRO joined forces with environmental managers from three state agencies and six regional catchment management authorities to answer the question: 'Can we detect the influence of public environmental programs on the condition of our natural resources?' This was prompted by a series of national audits of Australia's environmental programs that could find no evidence of public investment improving the condition of waterways, soils and native vegetation, despite major public programs investing more than $4.2 billion in environmental repair over the last 20 years.
Landscape Logic describes how this collaboration of 42 researchers and environmental managers went about the research. It describes what they found and what they learned about the challenge of attributing cause to environmental change. While public programs had been responsible for increase in vegetation extent, there was less evidence for improvement in vegetation condition and water quality. In many cases critical levels of intervention had not been reached, interventions were not sufficiently mature to have had any measurable impact, monitoring had not been designed to match the spatial and temporal scales of the interventions, and interventions lacked sufficiently clear objectives and metrics to ever be detectable. In the process, however, new knowledge emerged on disturbance thresholds in river condition, diagnosing sources of pollution in river systems, and the application and uptake of state-and-transition and Bayesian network models to environmental management.
The findings discussed in this book provide valuable messages for environmental managers, land managers, researchers and policy makers.
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Nambiar, Sadanandan, und Ian Ferguson. New Forests. CSIRO Publishing, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643093089.
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There is no question that the timber industry needs to adopt sustainable practices that ensure a future for the industry. This book goes well beyond simply growing commercial tree plantations for wood production. It explores new forests that can supply environmental services such as salinity mitigation and carbon sequestration together with commercial wood production in an environment beyond the boundaries of traditional forestry.
New Forests targets agricultural landscapes affected by salinity and which generally have rainfall less than 650 mm per year. The book addresses vital issues such as where tree planting might best be pursued, what species and technologies should be used for establishment and later management, how productivity can be improved, what mix of environmental services and commercial goods is optimum, and whether the likely net benefits justify the change in land use and requisite investment.
While the book is focussed on the low-rainfall, agricultural, inland zone of the Murray-Darling Basin wherever possible the scope of most chapters has been expanded to synthesise generic information applicable to other regions in Australia and elsewhere.
The authors provide a comprehensive account of all the issues relevant to the development of these new forests, covering soils, the bio-physical environment, water use and irrigation strategies - including the use of wastewater, silviculture, pests and diseases, wood quality and products, and economics and policy implications.
Buchteile zum Thema "Wheat Australia Quality"
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Cato, Larisa, und Daniel Mullan. „Wheat quality: Wheat breeding and quality testing in Australia“. In Breadmaking, 221–59. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102519-2.00008-6.
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Fernandes, Venesser. „The Case for Effectively Using Existing Business Improvement Models in Australian Schools“. In Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs, 662–89. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3438-0.ch030.
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There is a significant lack of documented research on Australian school improvement that is contextualized within business improvement model settings. This is the case even though Australian schools have been operating within a business environment for a while now. This chapter aims at addressing this gap by discussing what educational quality is within schools. It will present an adapted version for continuous school improvement within school systems in Australia. This adapted version of continuous school improvement provides a theoretical framework on how schools operating as self-managed business systems can ensure that the delivery of educational quality is strategically sustained at the organizational level and that focus remains on the important core business of student learning. This adapted version has been described as strategic TQM and a case is made for its use in Australian schools through five transformations that are brought about through the SCOPE cycle for school improvement.
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Fernandes, Venesser. „The Case for Effectively Using Existing Business Improvement Models in Australian Schools“. In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, 130–57. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8516-9.ch007.
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There is a significant lack of documented research on Australian school improvement that is contextualized within business improvement model settings. This is the case even though Australian schools have been operating within a business environment for a while now. This chapter aims at addressing this gap by discussing what educational quality is within schools. It will present an adapted version for continuous school improvement within school systems in Australia. This adapted version of continuous school improvement provides a theoretical framework on how schools operating as self-managed business systems can ensure that the delivery of educational quality is strategically sustained at the organizational level and that focus remains on the important core business of student learning. This adapted version has been described as strategic TQM and a case is made for its use in Australian schools through five transformations that are brought about through the SCOPE cycle for school improvement.
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Rathmell, W. G., C. W. Wrigley, I. L. Batey, N. Howes, P. J. Sharp und A. Kilian. „SELECTION OF BREEDERS' LINES FOR WHEAT QUALITY: AUSTRALIAN INNOVATIONS“. In Using Cereal Science and Technology for the Benefit of Consumers, 24–28. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845690632.2.24.
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Padró, Fernando F., und Michael Sankey. „Benchmarking as an Instrument for Continuous Improvement in a Regulated Higher Education Quality Assurance Environment“. In Cases on Quality Initiatives for Organizational Longevity, 35–73. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5288-8.ch002.
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Benchmarking by higher education institutions (HEIs) has been evolving for some time in Australia and New Zealand. Earlier efforts were focused on improving reputation, but now benchmarking has become a required component of higher education quality assurance, or regulatory compliance schemes. ACODE's benchmarking framework and the ACODE Benchmarks provide Australasian HEIs with the ability to review their technology enhanced learning (TEL) practices and decision-making against what is considered “good” practice. The ACODE benchmarking framework and its benchmarks also allow HEIs to inform quality audit, or regulatory compliance reporting by HEIs to maintain institutional recognition and demonstrate performance against threshold or other specific performance standards. ACODE's benchmarking framework and benchmarks are recognized as influencers in benchmarking practice. However, there is a need to generate empirical data to demonstrate its leadership role and review the benchmarks for present purposes and to determine how they are used by HEIs. Thus, in effect, this case study represents a view of the increasing importance of benchmarking in higher education quality assurance schemes—at least in some national sectors—through the lens of benchmarking the benchmarks. The case presents the ongoing efforts, providing available data from one completed round and a still to be completed second round of what has become a biennial exercise. Findings so far suggest increasing interest in using the ACODE benchmarks to assist in determining performance within HEI TEL-related issues and in HEI participation in the benchmarking the benchmarks exercise as a means of learning from each other's practice.
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Mohsin, Ahmed Mansour, Fernando F. Padró und Karen Trimmer. „Using the QFD Matrix as a Major Continuous Improvement Tool to Improve Organizational Quality“. In Cases on Quality Initiatives for Organizational Longevity, 1–34. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5288-8.ch001.
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This is a case study of an Australian higher education institution (HEI) using quality function deployment (QFD) to identify areas of improvement in serving and meeting the needs of international students enrolled at this university. The composite institution reflects what is currently happening at the time of this writing as part of a process of determining international student needs and ensuring that these are met while meeting academic and institutional requirements (IR). The use of QFD fills a major gap since most methodologies practiced do not focus on either capturing the international students' voice or align these with IRs to enhance the opportunities for successful completion of a degree and meeting student personal and professional expectations. Results are incomplete at this time and thus cannot be reported, but a discussion of the approach is provided, and initial observations are presented to adequately describe the use of QFD and processes and tools used to complete different parts are the central piece of the process, the house of quality (HoQ).
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Lane, Belden C. „Deserts“. In The Great Conversation, 132–48. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842673.003.0009.
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The desert is often defined by what it isn’t—a place where you’re stripped of nonessentials, where language gives out. It’s no accident that the via negativa (apophatic spirituality) took shape in the desert landscape of fourth-century Egypt and Cappadocia. Gregory of Nyssa spoke of his heart’s desire being drawn to what he couldn’t put into words. The author encounters a similar reality in the outback of Western Australia, hiking an Aboriginal songline. Those who haven’t spent time in the desert may dismiss it as a negative landscape, defined by what isn’t there. But people who trust the desert as home delight in its quality of lean simplicity. The desert imagination thrives on the absence of what others consider essential. It revels in negation, attending to what isn’t seen, what can’t be proved, what provides no comforting assurances.
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White, Robert E. „What Makes a Healthy Soil?“ In Understanding Vineyard Soils. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199342068.003.0004.
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Soil scientists used to speak of soil quality, a concept expressing a soil’s “fitness for purpose.” The prime purpose was for agriculture and the production of food and fiber. However, to the general public soil quality is a rather abstract concept and in recent years the term has been replaced by soil health. A significant reason for this change is that health is a concept that resonates with people in a personal sense. This change is epitomized in the motto “healthy soil = healthy food = healthy people” on the website of the Rodale Institute in Pennsylvania (http://rodaleinstitute.org/). One consequence of this change is an increasing focus on the state of the soil’s biology, or life in the soil, an emphasis that is expressed through the promotion of organic and biodynamic systems of farming. Viticulture and winemaking are at the forefront of this trend. For example, Jane Wilson (2008), a vigneron in the Mudgee region of New South Wales, is quoted as saying, “the only way to build soil and release a lot of the available minerals is by looking after the biology,” and Steve Wratten (2009), professor of ecology at Lincoln University in New Zealand has said, “Organic viticulture rocks! It’s the future, it really is.” This exuberance has been taken up by Organic Winegrowers New Zealand, founded only in 2007, who have set a goal of “20 by 2020,” that is, 20% of the country’s vineyards under certified organic management by the year 2020. The Cornell Soil Health Assessment provides a more balanced assessment of soil health (Gugino et al., 2009). The underlying concept is that soil health is an integral expression of a soil’s chemical, physical, and biological attributes, which determine how well a soil provides various ecosystem functions, including nutrient cycling, supporting biodiversity, storing and filtering water, and maintaining resilience in the face of disturbance, both natural and anthropogenic. Although originally developed for crop land in the northeast United States, the Cornell soil health approach is readily adapted to viticulture, as explained by Schindelbeck and van Es (2011), and which is currently being attempted in Australia (Oliver et al., 2013; Riches et al., 2013).
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William, Gummow. „Part III Themes, Ch.17 Unity“. In The Oxford Handbook of the Australian Constitution. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198738435.003.0018.
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This chapter considers national unity in Australia. It focuses first upon the absolute freedom of intercourse among the States of which section 92 of the Constitution commands. The chapter then turns to the absence of disability or discrimination required by section 117. Next, it considers the operation of section 109 not only to adjust relations between Commonwealth and State legislatures but to meet the entitlement of ‘the ordinary citizens … to know which of two inconsistent laws he is required to observe’. Here, reference is made to the uniform quality of justice throughout the Commonwealth which these ‘ordinary citizens’ would be entitled to expect. Finally, the chapter discusses the relationship between ‘the people’, the franchise, and citizenship, and what on occasion has been identified as the implied ‘nationhood’ legislative power of the Parliament, or ‘nationhood’ as an attribute of the executive power of the Commonwealth.
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Morley, Michelle. „Achieving Strategic Goals“. In Qualitative Case Studies on Implementation of Enterprise Wide Systems, 262–78. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-447-7.ch016.
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This chapter discusses the strategic role of an enterprise resource planning system within the International Centre of an Australian University. Several problems with use of the system are identified in the case study. These problems with use quality are a likely cause for the mismatch between what was expected of the system in supporting business strategies and the actual outcome. The users demonstrate an awareness of organisational strategies and goals and consider that the newly-implemented system does not sufficiently support execution of strategy and achievement of strategic goals, or formulation of organisational strategy.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Wheat Australia Quality"
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„What do we need from catchment water quality models in Australia?“ In 23rd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2019). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2019.k15.fub.
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2
Chalmers, Denise. „Why recognising and rewarding excellent teaching in universities matters for students“. In Fourth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head18.2018.7981.
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There is greater focus on the quality of higher education teaching and how we reward and recognize excellent teaching. There are questions from governments about the quality of teaching and a desire to identify excellence. In Australia and beyond, higher education institutions have been working towards clarifying their criteria and expectations of what constitutes excellent teaching. They are reviewing their policies and practices to enable their excellent teachers to access development and support so they might be rewarded through promotion. An inceasing number of universities and higher education institutions are now promoting their excellent teachers through to professor level. This is important not just for the academics and teachers themselves, but for the quality of education that students receive.
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Glaspole, Ian, Nicole Goh, Peter Hopkins, Yuben Moodley, P. N. Reynolds, E. H. Walters, Christopher Zappala et al. „Quality of life of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) - What can the Australian IPF registry tell us?“ In Annual Congress 2015. European Respiratory Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.oa4964.
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„Virtually There: The Potential, Process and Problems of Using 360° Video in the Classroom“. In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4317.
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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, Volume 16] Aim/Purpose: This paper presents an exploratory case study into using 360° videos to present small segments of lecture content for IT students in an Australian University. The aim of this study was to understand; what is the impact of incorporating 360° videos into class content for students and teaching staff? In this study the 360° videos are described as “learning atoms”. Learning atoms are short duration videos (1 to 5 minutes) captured in 360°. Background: Within this paper we conducted experiments in the classroom using 360° videos to determine if they have an impact on student's feeling of presence with class content. Additionally, to follow up, how does the inclusion of 360° impact on the teaching experience. Methodology: The methodology used in this study focused on both quantitative and qualita-tive aspects. Data was captured at the same time during the teaching period to address the research questions. In order to gauge the feeling of presence within the classroom a short survey was administered to students in the undergraduate IT class at the start (pre) and end (post) of the semester using the same questions to measure any change. Contribution: The main contributions from this study were that we demonstrated there is a potential for providing an alternative ‘immersive’ content presentation for students. This alternative content took the form of 360° learning atoms, whereas further showed our nuance process for creating and publishing of these atoms. Findings: The results show that for students, learning atoms can help improve the sense of presence, particularly for remote students, however the interactive experience can take student’s attention away from the lecturer. The results present potential for providing an alternative ‘immersive’ content presentation for students, however problems for uptake are present for both students and teachers, such as image capture quality and file size Impact on Society: We foresee this approach as being a new approach to teaching students in higher education within online spaces to increase engagement and move towards having a richer virtual experience no matter the location. Future Research: Future research will be conducted to resolve whether presence and engagement is supported by the inclusion of 360° videos in the classroom.