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1
Flaugh, Dianne L. "Determining the potential for wetland construction within a linear park setting." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/835835.
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The purpose of this creative project was to outline the concept of Wetland Incentive Zones and to develop a site masterplan based on this concept. Meant as an alternative to large single-site wetland banks, Wetland Incentive Zones would be linear areas of land where wetland construction and preservation efforts would be concentrated. The linear structure would distribute the benefits associated with wetlands through a greater area than would a typical wetland bank. If linked together, the zones would form a network of recreational greenways and function as a travel corridor for wildlife. Participating zone landowners would benefit from tax abatements on wetland acreage and other incentive programs. The public would benefit from the preservation and construction of wetlands and the zone's recreational and educational elements.The masterplan was developed to direct wetland site development opportunities and public recreation and educational functions within a 3200 acre study site located in Allen County, Indiana. This site masterplan identified areas suitable for wetland construction, investigated their potential as wildlife habitat, and the wetland condition likely to be supported. The development plan for the site was focused on the use of an abandoned railroad line as a trail system for public recreation and educational use.<br>Department of Landscape Architecture
2
Elliott, Katherine Louise. "An analysis of the Federal wetlands regulations influencing construction development." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21437.
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3
Jarvis, Adam P. "Design, construction and performance of passive systems for the treatment of mine and spoil heap drainage." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/428.
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Passive treatment systems for mine water pollution remediation require no chemical or energy inputs, and should only incur limited maintenance costs if properly constructed. This thesis investigates two such passive treatment systems that have been installed at sites in County Durham, UK. The overall objectives of the investigation were to improve understanding of the operation of passive systems in order to produce more accurate design guidelines, and to develop a new passive treatment option to complement existing technologies. To put the research into context the causes, impacts and extent of mine water pollution in the UK and overseas are outlined. In addition a detailed and up-to-date review of passive treatment research and development is provided, which highlights areas in which further research is required. At Quaking Houses, County Durham, a full-scale compost wetland has been constructed to treat an acidic and metal-rich discharge from the spoil heap of an abandoned coal mine. Over the 27 month study period the discharge had pH >_ 4, and mean iron, manganese and aluminium concentrations of 5.4 mg/L, 3.6 mg/L and 6.2 mg/L respectively. The unique design and construction of the 440 m2 wetland is described. An examination of the performance of the wetland illustrates that it has yielded significant improvements in water quality since its construction. Mean reductions in acidity, iron and aluminium concentrations are all around 50%. Bacterial sulphate reduction may be an important contaminant removal mechanism, but its proportional significance is unclear. Comparison of the system at Quaking Houses with other wetlands reveals that the mean reduction in acidity in terms of mass removal per unit area (5.01 g/m2/d) is comparatively low. However, it is shown that comparing wetland performance on this basis may be misleading where influent contaminant concentrations are relatively low, because contaminant removal is demonstrably influent concentrationdependent. A first-order removal assessment method of performance may be more appropriate, and on this basis the Quaking Houses wetland performs well when compared to systems in the USA. An algorithm for predicting wetland effluent iron concentrations is derived using a linear multiple regression technique. Time series analysis strongly suggests that some effluent water quality variables (and therefore wetland performance measures) are significantly affected by seasonal climate changes. In particular aluminium and acidity removal rates rise with increasing air temperature. This implies that to meet the same effluent water quality targets passive treatment systems in cold climate locations may need to be larger than equivalent systems in warmer climates. At Kimblesworth, also in County Durham, a pilot-scale passive treatment system has been operated for 4 months. The Kimblesworth discharge is a net-alkaline pumped mine water containing up to 2 mg/L iron and up to 1 mg/L manganese. The novel system at this site was designed to rapidly remove iron by oxidation and accretion of iron to high surface area media. The monitoring programme has revealed the system to be very efficient. Iron concentrations are consistently reduced to < 0.5 mg/L, and removal rates are an order of magnitude greater than in wetland systems. Furthermore, lithium tracer tests reveal that the residence time of water in the reactors is just 5- 10 minutes. The results of this research suggest that the technology could be applied at full-scale. The compost wetland at Quaking Houses and the new reactor at Kimblesworth may well complement each other. The Quaking Houses system generates alkalinity and removes metal contaminants, but effluent water still contains marginally elevated concentrations of iron (mean 2.4 mg/L). The Kimblesworth system is shown to be very effective at rapidly removing low concentrations of iron, and thus could conceivably be used as a polishing unit following a compost wetland such as that at Quaking Houses. Alternatively high surface area media reactors such as those at Kimblesworth could be used to treat discharges in topographically difficult locations, where the installation of a wetland is not feasible.
4
Winning, Geoffrey Bruce, and res cand@acu edu au. "Vegetation Changes in a Large Estuarine Wetland Subsequent to Construction of Floodgates: Hexham Swamp in the Lower Hunter Valley, New South Wales." Australian Catholic University. School of Arts and Sciences, 2006. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp107.11092006.
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Floodgates were constructed in 1971 on the main creek draining Hexham Swamp, a large wetland on the floodplain of the lower Hunter River, New South Wales. Substantial changes in vegetation have occurred in Hexham Swamp subsequent to the construction of the floodgates. Previous areas of mangroves and saltmarsh have been reduced (180ha to 11ha, and 681ha to 58ha, respectively), and Phragmites australis has expanded (170ha to 1005ha). Much of the mangrove loss (ca. 130ha) was a result of clearing, and the remainder has gradually died off. The factors contributing to the dieback are likely to be a combination of drying of the soil, root competition and, at times, waterlogging. Field sampling as well as microcosm and reciprocal transplant experiments involving key species, Sarcocornia quinqueflora, Sporobolus virginicus, Paspalum vaginatum and Phragmites australis, suggest that a reduction in soil salinity has been an important factor in initiating successional change from saltmarsh to Phragmites reedswamp. The data also suggest that increased waterlogging has been an important factor in initiating vegetation change. This apparently paradoxical result (floodgates and associated drainage generally result in drying of wetlands) is likely to have resulted from occlusion of drainage lines (by sediment and reeds) and is, therefore, likely to be a condition that developed gradually. That is, the initial effect of the floodgates is expected to have been a drying of the swamp, followed over time by an increasing wetness. An examination of vegetation changes after removal of cattle from part of Hexham Swamp, suggests that grazing had little effect on species composition of vegetation or rate of expansion of Phragmites australis. However, grazing does affect vegetation structure (height and density), possibly favours some coloniser species (e.g. Sarcocornia quinqueflora) in particular environmental conditions, and possibly inhibits establishment of Phragmites australis.
5
Nordin, Svante. "Värdering av ekosystemtjänster vid restaurering och anläggning av våtmarker." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298190.
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Våtmarker förser oss människor med ett stort antal viktiga ekosystemtjänster, såsom vattenrening, vattenreglering, klimatreglering och rekreation. Delvis eftersom många våtmarker försvunnit och försämrats i Sverige under drygt de senaste hundra åren finns ett behov av att restaurera och anlägga våtmarker. Ekosystemtjänsternas värde uttrycks vanligtvis inte på marknaden, och restaureringstakten är för låg. Ett möjligt sätt att hantera detta är att värdera våtmarkers ekosystemtjänster ekonomiskt. Syftet med denna rapport är att utreda hur ekosystemtjänster och de värden de genererar synliggörs och påverkar beslut kring restaurering och anläggning av våtmarker i Sverige. Detta har uppnåtts genom att intervjua tre personer som varit inblandade i restaurering eller anläggning av våtmarker, samt att sammanställa syften som angetts för projekt inom bidragssystemet LONA våtmark. Resultatet visar att förbättring till tillgången till flera olika ekosystemtjänster eftersträvas, bland annat utjämning av vattenflöden, minskning av näringsämnen och rekreation. Våtmarkers ekosystemtjänster har dock sällan värderats och deras värden lyfts inte fram i någon större utsträckning. Hur värdering av ekosystemtjänster skulle kunna användas i större utsträckning vid restaurering och anläggning av våtmarker diskuteras också.<br>Wetlands provide us humans with a large number of important ecosystem services, such as water purification, water regulation, climate regulation and recreation. Partly because many wetlands have disappeared and deteriorated from Sweden for just over the last hundred years, there is a need to restore and build wetlands. The value of ecosystem services is usually not expressed in the market, and the rate of restoration is too low. One possible way to handle this is to evaluate wetland ecosystem services economically. The purpose of this report is to investigate how ecosystem services and the values they generate are made visible and influence decisions regarding the restoration and construction of wetlands in Sweden. This has been achieved by interviewing three people who have been involved in the restoration or construction of wetlands, as well as compiling objectives stated for projects within the LONA wetland grant system. The results show that improvement in access to several different ecosystem services is sought, including equalization of water flows, reduction of nutrients and recreation. However, wetland ecosystem services have rarely been evaluated and their values are not highlighted to any great extent. How valuation of ecosystem services could be used to a greater extent in the restoration and construction of wetlands is also discussed.
6
Pham, Minh Phung Thi. "Water quality guidelines and water quantity analysis with application to construction of a pilot-scale wetland treatment system." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1246565997/.
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Zedník, Ondřej. "Využití stavebních recyklátů pro čištění odpadních vod." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409741.
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The constantly tightening wastewater treatment legislation require high-quality runoff from small-scale producers of pollution who are typically represented by small municipalities up to 500 inhabitants or decentralized parts of larger municipalities. Small municipalities are faced with high investment-intensity associated with the acquisition of new wastewater treatment plant. After several years of development, today natural technologies of wastewater treatment are in competition with mechanical-biological treatment plants. Natural technologies can even achieve better results than popular biological treatment plants. However, natural technology does not eliminate the main investment limit connected with the acquisition of wastewater treatment plant. If there was cheaper solution connected with using alternative filter materials (in our case recycled construction and demolition waste), small municipalities could take constructed wetland without large subsides. At the same time, the use of recycled construction and demolition wastes will lead to benefits in the field of sustainable urban development and replacement of non-renewable materials. Despite these benefits, recycled aggregates have never been considered as alternative filter materials for natural wastewater treatment plants. For that reason, the aim of diploma thesis is to assess the possibility of applying recycled aggregates for wastewater treatment which will include evaluation of real trial operation.
8
Lanham, Abigail E. "My Learning Experiences at the Environmental Consulting Firm: Parsons Corporation." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1417006816.
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Griffith, Kevin L. (Kevin Lynn). "Constructed wetlands : a growing opportunity for the construction industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45719.
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Speks, Amanda. "Analyzing the impact of the financial systems for constructing wetlands in Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445062.
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Financial support is one of the main ways in which the Swedish government can encourage restoration and construction of wetlands. Despite having the tool of financial support for constructing wetlands in place, there is little information on how the support systems are structured and how they compare to each other. Another knowledge gap is the regional variation in wetland construction among counties and how this differs between them. The purpose of this study is therefore two-part. Firstly, to map and compare the three main financial systems for constructing wetlands in Sweden, namely LOVA (the Local Water Preservation Grant), LONA (the Local Initiative for Nature Conservation) and the RDP (the Rural Development Programme). Results from the national comparison among financial systems shows that the RDP is the significantly most influential grant in wetland construction, whereas LOVA make up 9% and LONA 1% of the sum of hectares of constructed wetlands. These findings are the reason why this study only uses the RDP as a basis for the second purpose of this study, which is to investigate the regional variation in wetland construction. These results reveal two main findings, firstly that Skåne is the county with the most constructed wetlands, both in terms of hectares and number of wetlands. Finally, the purposes of the constructed wetlands which are financed by the RDP, are reviewed in this study. The purposes differ greatly between counties and do not necessarily align with the targets set in the Regional Action Plans. The reasons for the large variations between counties, the low numbers of constructed wetlands within LONA and the administrative process of the RDP are topics which are recommended to research further.
11
Rose, Gregory. "Social Experiments in Innovative Environmental Management: The emergence of ecotechnology." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/976.
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Human production needs are met through the use of modern technology that is increasingly recognised as a threat to the planetary ecosystem and social sub-system. In light of this recognition, there is evidence that a planned transition towards more sustainable technological infrastructure is occurring across various production sectors. This change is often associated with re-orientating technology based on the concept of sustainable development and national-level strategies such as <i>ecological modernisation</i>, which prescribes phasing-out environmentally malignant conventional technology for cleaner post-industrial solutions. There is evidence, however, that a transition towards cleaner technological options is occurring at the local level. In southern Ontario, Canada ecological technology (<i>ecotechnology</i>) has been adopted in small-scale agricultural and educational facilities for the management of manure and domestic sewage. Ecotechnology is designed to meet human production requirements and to restore the environment through combining natural systems and engineered components to achieve cleaner production. Two types of ecotechnologies were investigated during this research: <i>constructed treatment wetlands</i> for the management of manure and <i>greenhouse-based biological technologies</i> for the management of domestic sewage. These options are novel and can be expected to encounter barriers resulting from a <i>selection environment</i> favouring pre-existing technological options that have previously become established.
The overall objective of the research was <i>to identify key factors both driving and constraining the adoption and implementation of the ecotechnology</i> across four case studies. This objective was accomplished through employing a qualitative, collective case study approach. The case studies revealed the motivation behind the adoption of the ecotechnology arose from the environmental values of users and formed the basis for rejecting the conventional options because they were not viewed as capable of improving the environment. However, the ecotechnology also exceeded user's aesthetic and operational level expectations. Barriers to the implementation of ecotechnology were also identified. The investigation revealed the existence of a <i>perspective-gap</i> between the ecological engineering science and traditional engineering science, which constrained implementation of the ecotechnology. Skepticism was found to arise due to the unique performance parameters and <i>soft</i> operational characteristics of ecotechnology, which contrast the <i>hard</i> technological fixes that are familiar to traditional engineering science. This perspective-gap may account for the institutional inertia, which became clear after the 1996 provincial budget reductions decreased the level of support for research and environmental technology development programs in Ontario. These reductions also devolved authority for small-scale wastewater treatment to the municipal level where lack of technical expertise and reliance on standardised regulations has constrained the development of alternatives.
Constructive technology assessment suggests that the development of technology must be guided in cooperative <i>social learning</i> processes capable of reflecting the needs and values of stakeholders in order to achieve beneficial social and technological change. Evidence from the case studies revealed that a significant amount of capacity was developed when stakeholders collaborated and legitimated the <i>social experiments</i> where the ecotechnology was applied. These experiments demonstrate the significance of creating settings where users, technology proponents and provincial and local approval agents can collaborate. Through collaboration, social learning can be facilitated during the development of alternative technological solutions that may be congruent with ecological modernisation and the re-orientation of technology towards options that are ecologically-oriented.
12
"Environmental impacts of the construction phase of an intensive development project on a coastal forest wetland : case study : Seaward Estates, Ballito." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2074.
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Storm water runoff is a leading cause of degradation in the water quality of receiving
water bodies. Although legislation requires that Environmental Impact Assessments
(EIA) are performed and Environmental Management Plans (EMP) put in place for the
construction of high density housing developments, there is generally very little
evidence that real measures are developed to monitor and actually assess the extent
of the impact that construction activities have on the environment during the physical
construction stage.
The water quality of stormwater runoff from a mixed use catchment including
construction sites in Seaward Estates, Ballito, KwaZulu-Natal that enters a coastal
forest wetland system was characterised by monitoring programmes established at
three study areas. The effect thereof on the quality of the wetland water and sediments
was further monitored at five points along the drainage line of the system. The
investigation focussed on obtaining representative stormwater samples in order to
quantitatively identify pollutant constituents transported within stormwater runoff from
construction sites during rainfall events.
Storm water runoff event mean concentration (EMC), atmospheric deposition and
wetland water and sediment samples were collected over an eight month period. The
characterisation of stormwater runoff for this investigation included heavy metals,
oxygen demanding substances, sediments and physico-chemical analysis for pH,
conductivity and ammonia and nitrates. The majority of contaminant EMC exceeded
the South African wastewater discharge general and special limits.
The findings from this investigation will provide planners and decision-makers with a
greater understanding of the pollution dynamics of construction sites aiding in improved
best management practice decisions with regard to minimizing impacts on coastal
forest wetlands and water resources. This will lead to improved EMP and stormwater
management plans (SWMP) incorporating stormwater pollution prevention plans
(SWPPP) for construction sites.<br>Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2007.
13
Huang, Chih-Hao, and 黃志豪. "A Study of Construction Effect on Budai Wetland." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79010398174937068205.
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14
Huang, Ming-Chun, and 黃明鈞. "Investigation of Nonylphenol Degradation in WuLo Construction Wetland." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78262940450656931827.
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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>環境工程與科學系所<br>95<br>Nonylphenol (NP), the breakdown product of nonylphenol poylethoxylate (NPEO), is a toxic compound and one of the endocrine disrupting chemicals. Because it has been used substantially by human beings it has entered the environment and has affected ecological and biological systems. Constructed wetlands can remove micro-pollutants at low cost. This study investigated the removal efficiency of alkyphenols by the WuLo constructed wetland.
Sampling sites included river water and the upper, middle, and lower wetlands. Samples were taken in the winter and summer seasons. The results of daily concentration analysis showed that alkyphenol concentrations were higher in the day than during the night, which indicated these compounds were discharged by human activity. Concentrations in winter were higher than in summer ; higher summer temperatures enhanced microbial activity and higher flow discharge in the summer season decreased concentrations. The concentrations were higher in the aqueous phase than in suspended matter. The ratios of concentration in the suspended matter were variable in the wetland sampling sites; the upper stream was higher than the middle stream which was higher than down stream. The degradation ratio was also higher than in the aqueous phase.
NP was degraded more quickly than samples NP1EO and NP2EO. However, NP was the dominate species in the sediment and it concentration un the upper stream was far higher than in middle and lower streams.
15
Chang, Hui-Ting, and 張惠婷. "Treatment of Sewage by Gravel- and Soil-types Construction Wetland." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78955648572249627884.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>海洋環境學系<br>86<br>The effect of plant and substrate of wetlands on nutrient removal was investigated in four lab-scale constructed wetlands , A1、A2、A3 and A4 , respectively. The substrate of both A1 and A2 were gravel with diameter of 5-10 cm , while A3 and A4 were filled with the soil media enriched with limestron . Both of A15-10 cm , while A3 and A4 were filled with the soil media enriched with limestron . Both of A1 and A3 constructed wetland systems were planded with Pennisetum purpureum Schumach , while A2 and A4 were the contrasted wetland system without vegetation . The inflent used for all these four systems was from the primarily treated sewage sampled from the Chung-Chiou Sewage Treatment Plant of Kaohsiung City. The flow rate of influent for the treatment systems was controlled at 4 mL/min. The nutrient removal rate for A1construction wetland system was about 80%,while the main mechanisms for nitrogenous nutrient removal were the plant uptake and microbial activities. The phousphate removal rate for theA4 constructed wetland system was about 100% which was mainly by chemical adsorption . It was found that the specie of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach might have the root zone effect . The substrate of silt enriched with limestron , which the possesed high level of calium , could adsorb phousphate significantly and effectively
16
Chen, Fang-shuan, and 陳枋萱. "Construction and Management of Water Environment for the Habitat of Wetland Parks in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Zhou-Zai Wetland Park, Kaohsiung, Taiwan." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40009586472043273294.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>海洋環境及工程學系研究所<br>94<br>“Zhou-Zai Wetland Park” is a specific prototype of created wetland ecosystems constructed in urban areas, This park represents integration between development and preservation of a wetland habitat through ecotechnology. It is a created wetland designed to conserve the endangered species of Jacanas in Taiwan, which were suffered from the destruction of habitat in the past. The wetland comprises pool and marsh types of wetland systems, and the inflow of the systems is pumped from the Lian-Chih Lake. Several problems were found when we operated and managed the park including eutrophication, low water exchange rate, and hypoxia in some water areas, emergence, and invasive alien species. The current management strategies are difficult to improve the status. Therefore some suggestions are given to solve such problems including constructing a treatment wetland in injection area in order to improve the water quality of influent and then provide a better water environment of habitat for water fowls as well as to prevent the intrusion of invasive alien species.
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Chen, Jaw-Min, and 陳照明. "The research for participation of Non-governmental gorganizations in a wetland construction-A case study of Wu Ku wetland constructed by the Society of Wilderness (SOW)." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36fe6t.
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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>環境規劃與管理研究所<br>94<br>Public participation on natural resources conservation has become a world-wide trend, meanwhile, Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are playing an important role on development of the public participating decision-making process. This significant way of participation makes a break-through on traditional decision-making model, and provides a formal communication channel with administration staff for those who are usually barred from decision-making process. The Wu Ku wetland construction case which Taipei County Government authorized the society of Wilderness (SOW) to manage, for example, stands for a bottom-up management model of natural resources conservation.
The objective of this study is to understand the implementation of the society of wilderness in Wu Ku Wetland Ecological Park. It combines methods of the content analysis, interview and questionnaire survey in the context. It concerns the viewpoints of the association, operation models on the wetland, the mechanism of public participation, volunteer programs, finance, and implementation problems from the qualitative survey. According to the study, the non-governmental organization predominates the manage issue on the wetland, it can avoid the inconsistent points among all departments in the government. While the government should support the non-governmental organizations on the finance issue.
In the quantitative method, measuring the questionnaire with the Likert scaling, it calculates with the multivariate statistical analysis using the software SPSS. This study had characterized public participation in three parts-- the background of the public, participation methods, and participation motivation. We concluded few major consequences as follows: First, throughout the correlation analysis, it has come up that there are significant correlations between participation level and sexual, education, and professional specialty. The female, people with higher education, and people with professional specialty on environmental issue have higher participation level. Then, the major methods for the public participation in this study are by the means of self-help and conventional means. According to the survey, the first motivation of the public participation is ideological motivation, the next is altruistic motivation, personal growth motivation, egoistic motivation, leisure time motivation, social relationship motivation and material/reward motivation, respectively
wetlands are fragile ecosystems due to the constant disturbance made by man. It is suggested to establish a mechanism of public participation earlier on the management issue to protect the wetlands.
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Li, Chun-Yi, and 李俊儀. "Development of Technology for Liner Construction in Treatment Wetlands." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30513248899599047446.
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碩士<br>嘉南藥理科技大學<br>環境工程與科學系暨研究所<br>95<br>For the past three decades, constructed wetlands have become an effictive and low-cost ecological technology for water pollution control. Sealing the basin by using the liners is one of the important design and construction works of constructed wetlands. Its aim is to prevent the contamination of groundwater or prevent groundwater from infiltrating into the constructed wetlands. At the present, there is still a lack of suitbable evaluation workflow that is in line with local conditions for sealing the basins of constructed wetlands, which can be used as reference for the design and construction of constructed wetlands. This thesis collected on-site soil from 13 different sites in sourthern Taiwan and tested their various proterties in the lab, including: particle size distribution, effective size, soil texture, and hydraulic conductivity. By using soil compaction experiment and the experiment of adding material of low hydraulic conductivity, an effective method to line the constructed wetlands will be developed, and a standard workflow for evaluating a suitable lining method through considering on-site soil properties will be established.
The result of soil texture analysis shows that clay content of the soil samples from 13 different sites was about 10~27%, silt content 13~67% and sand content 10~75%. Nine of the soil samples was determined to be silt loam, one to be loam, and three to be sand loam. The hydraulic conductivity of soil in the Moon World mud pool was the lowest, 6.40×10-7 cm/sec; the hydraulic conductivity of soil in the Erh Hang village and Golden Seacoast is the highest, 5.7×10-4 and 1.96×10-3㎝/s, respectively. The hydraulic conductivity of soil was found to be exponentially proportional to effective sizes of soil grains (D20, D30, D40 or D50). The hydraulic conductivity (K) has higher corelation with D30 than other effective sizes, the corelation equation is K=0.01×D301.21945 (R2=0.72), which can be considered as an useful emperical model for estimating hydraulic conductivity of soil from other areas.
This study also examined the corelation between the hydraulic conductivity of soils and the three elements contents of soil texture properties by using the way of multi-variables regression method. The result shows that the regression equation with higher corelation coefficient was obtained when hydraulic conductivity was related with all the three elements contents simultaneously (R2=0.659), while regression equation with lower corelation coefficient was found, if hydraulic conductivity was related with contents of two elements or single element. The multiple variable regression equotion is:
Which can aslo be applied to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of soils.
Soil samples obtained from five various sites were used to conduct the soil compaction experiment. The result shows that the amount of water addition and tapping times are the key factors that affected soil compaction result, when compacting soil. When compacting at water addition of 13.2~14.6%, under the same tapping times, the hydraulic conductivity of compaction soil sample is obviously lower than at water addition of 9.0~9.6%. But when water addition amount rose to 17.3~18.9%, the hydraulic conductivity of compacted soil did not further effectively reduce. In addition, under the same amount of water addition, the hydraulic conductivity of compacted soil decreased with the increase of tapping times; however, when tapping were over 30 times, the increase of tapping times had no obvious effect on the decrease of hydraulic conductivity. The addition experiment of low hydraulic conductivity material shows that with enough water addition, compared with the soil group without adding bentonite, the hydraulic conductivity of the soil group that with little addition of bentonite(2~5%) decreased about more than 30%, and achieved to a criterion ＜1×10-6 cm/sec. The experiment also proves that using commercial and easily available material, bentonite, which needs only small amount addition, can replace the natural soil of high clay content, which needs comparably high amount addition, to reach the result of decreasing hydraulic conductivity of soil. This method can be used as alternative and effective construction method for the liners of constructed wetlands. This study finally established a workflow for evaluating the best construction method of liners of constructed wetlands, which could provide a guideline for the site selection, plan and design of constructed wetlands.
19
Wang, Shu-Pin, and 王書斌. "A Study and Construction of Technical Databank Related to Constructed Wetlands." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06120444460670791980.
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碩士<br>嘉南藥理科技大學<br>環境工程與科學系暨研究所<br>93<br>Constructed wetlands can be defined as using artificial methods to reform a land into a wetland environment with low permeable under lining and to create wetland vegetation ecology as well as animal ecological group. The main purpose of applying this type of ecological engineering is to achieve purification of polluted water and management of water resource.
The main goal of this study is to collect and summarize the existing application information and technical documentation in the nation and related papers, reports, experiences, theses, databank, and technical menu from other countries. Based on the summarized results, the feasible information about planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of constructed wetlands for domestic condition then can be built. By comparing the differences among each individual wetland system, a domestic databank related to constructed wetland systems could be built with the concept of geological information system of Taiwan. The results obtained from this study can be used as reference for professional application of ecotechnology, such as civil engineering, environmental engineering, architecture, aesthetics, as control, design, and management purposes.
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Wu, Chi-Hsiang, and 吳吉祥. "Constructing a System of Indicators for Evaluation the Development of Ecotourism in Coastal Wetland." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49703683050391966735.
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碩士<br>醒吾技術學院<br>休閒與遊憩管理研究所<br>99<br>Areas with high-value natural resources, like coastal wetland attract tourists who seek emotional and spiritual connections with nature. Because these people value nature, selected natural environments are preserved, protected, and kept from further ecological decline. Nevertheless, these people can also bring the degradation of environment. Visitors generate waste and pollution (air, water, solid waste, noise, and visual). Natural resource attractions can be jeopardized through improper uses or overuse. Uncontrolled visitation or overuse by visitors can degrade landscapes, water environment, and ecosystem.
Responsible ecotourism includes programs that minimize the negative aspects of conventional tourism on the environment and enhance the cultural integrity of local people. Therefore, in addition to evaluating environmental and cultural factors, a system of indicators for evaluation the development of ecotourism is constructed for coastal wetland in this study. First, a preliminary evaluation’s framework of four dimensions and twenty three indicators were conducted from relevant literatures. Subsequently, Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was employed to filter out first level to four dimensions, which are environment-ecology, society-culture, economic and management-implementation dimension, and second level to eighteen evaluation indicators. In addition, the relative weights between dimensions and indicators were converted by experts’ consensus value. Finally, the empirical research and sensitivity analysis were practiced through investigation and analytic hierarchy process.
The result indicated the environment-ecology and management-implementation both play comparatively important roles in the course of developing ecotourism in coastal wetlands. Regarding indicators’ significance, the tops of each dimension are respectively biodiversity, tourists’ satisfaction, experience of recreation activities, feedbacks to the communities and tourists’ safety. This study has conducted the empirical research in Southwest Coast National Scenic Area. Its result showed this model could be applied to the location selection of and evaluation on coastal ecotourism development. The Chi Ku Wetland was judged to be the best among the options. The second place was Bei Men Wetland, and the following was Hao Mei Liao Wetland. Besides, the five significant indicators were applied to an evaluation on convenience and accessibility. The result was same as the overall research, which means this indicator system is with convenience.
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Miao, Ching-Mei, and 苗敬美. "On The Construction of The Sustainability Performance Indicators for Constructed Wetlands Ecological Engi-neering：Taking Construction Acceptance Phase as An Example." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/725wt6.
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碩士<br>中華大學<br>營建管理學系碩士班<br>103<br>ABSTRACT
Construction management technology needs to change continuously in response to dramatic changes in global environment. Construction pro-ject management must have integrated management objectives and con-struction technology to assure the implementation of the project will not harm the environment, and will not deprive ethnic survival space. Con-struction management currently still remains on traditional single thinking style. This causes the sustainability can not be implemented and lack of effectiveness. The traditional project management techniques can not solve above problem.
The sustainability performance indicators of construction acceptance phase for wetland ecological engineering was discussed in this study. Lit-erature review, benchmarking case studies, case studies and expert in-ter-views were used to establish Sustainable Performance Indicator (SPI). Expert questionnaire and case examination were used to verify the ap-plicability of the SPI. Wetland of certain creek in Hsinchu City was used to prove the applicability of SPI. The verification results will be used as feed-back to modify the SPI database.
The verification results show that the SPI tool can reflect the sus-tainability of construction project. This study result can be used as refer-ence for feature ecotechnology projects.
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Humphrey, Jonah Thomson. "Landscope | Interpreting Environmental Consciousness." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3814.
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This thesis proposes a way in which architecture and the built environment might work to integrate human consciousness and natural process. A theoretical design entitled Landscope is presented as a responsive, sustainable landscape that offers understanding of nature through active observation, interpretation and transformation of the environment. The design proposal is situated at the edge of Hamilton Harbour, Ontario, Canada, adjacent to the existing facilities of the National Water Research Institute. Two extended studies accompany the design proposal. The first, Water, presents a poetic exploration of cosmic, responsive, and connective qualities of water relating to nature and technology. The second study, Connected Fields, focuses on the visionary American engineer Buckminster Fuller and his ‘Geoscope’ project, a geodesic dome designed to act as a monitoring and control centre for global material and resource flows. This section also includes a discussion of general conceptions of the world, focusing on key twentieth-century conceptions of the Biosphere, Gaia, and the Noösphere. Historical theories of environmental perception are discussed including Gestalt psychology and technical systems of observation. Drawing upon this cultural material, the thesis attempts to open boundaries that separate nature and technology, encouraging a complex, mutually dependent relationship between these traditionally separate realms. The general pursuit is a cybernetic and virtual model for environmental and ontological hybridity, involving an evolution of consciousness at both individual and global scales.
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Tasi, ya-hui, and 蔡雅慧. "Application of Ecological Engineering to Planning and Constructing Aqueous Habitats in a Sustainable Campus Plan－A preliminary case study for wetlands at NPUST campus." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42215232843393042316.
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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>土木工程系碩士班<br>92<br>The majority of ecological engineering projects in Taiwan are executed in a top-down manner from planning and design, construction, to operation and management, irrespective of whether they are for flood control, water- and soil conservation or for environmental protection. This unilateral concept usually neglects the self-design and participatory nature of an ever evolving ecological system, and hence many projects deviate significantly from their original perception after a period of time.
This thesis searches for an ecological engineering model suitable for constructing aqueous habitats, and studies the sustainable ecological educational park project at the National Pingtung University of Science and Technology. The work is based on a systematic planning method and is guided by a sustainable campus goal. Successful local cases of constructing aqueous habitats are referred to, with a comprehensive compilation of site and regional background information. A site-specific strategy for the rear campus wetland was selected, with planning including the following aspects: ecological system simulation, spatial plan, plant arrangement, and additional academic research on wetland operation and management.
In order to incorporate the self-design character of the ecological system, the present work investigates the creation of an ecological engineering assessment model through iterative procedures and a cross-correction mechanism provided by a systematic planning method. A model for habitat construction, operation and management is conceived with harmonic coexistence between human activity and nature. The study focuses on a “top-down” construction, operation and management linkage, and has concurrently developed a “bottom-up” information feedback mechanism with introduced vital factors, which is self adjusting with temporal evolution. Goal-orientation and the self-design character of the ecological system are interweaved to integrate the perspective wetland, current and potential ecological resources, and are finally merged into a terrestrial ecological system model.
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Li, Wen. "Mechanisms for phosphorus elimination in constructed wetlands: a pilot study for the treatment of agricultural drainage water from dairy farms at the Lower River Murray, South Australia / Li Wen." 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21868.
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Includes list of publications issued during the candidature.<br>Bibliography: leaves 176-197.<br>iii, ix, 197, [22] leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm.<br>Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.<br>Phosphorus retention was measured in five pilot-scaled constructed wetlands with different configurations in terms of macrophyte species and substrates in order to evaluate the phosphorus removal efficiency of water plants and substrates in experimental ponds; assess the contribution of macrophytes to phosphorus removal through direct uptake, modification of water chemistry and impacts on the phosphorus adsorption characteristics of substrate; and, contribute to the optimal design and operation of constructed wetlands for the treatment of agricultural drainage water.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Soil and Water, 2002?
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FIŠEROVÁ, Alena. "Čištění komunálních odpadních vod v domovních kořenových čistírnách - hygienické aspekty a možnosti využití v podmínkách ČR." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85549.
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Constructed wetlands (CWs) originate from natural wetlands and are used for waste water treatment as an alternative to conventional treatment. This thesis was aimed at providing a literary summary of the types of house sewage water treatment plants and constructed wetlands used in the CR and abroad, of their hygienic aspects, functionality, treatment efficiency, expensiveness and the possibilities of their use in the conditions of the CR and their advantages and disadvantages. It also deals with a proposal of a suitable type of house CW for the conditions of the CR and a list of the necessary steps in construction of a house CW. Quite similar systems are being used for house sewage treatment in the Czech Republic and abroad {--} mostly septic tanks, ground mounds, constructed wetlands, active treatment plants and biodiscs. Alternative water treatment methods are generally not suitable for buildings having (now or in the future) the possibility of connection to municipal sewerage systems. They are on the other hand suitable for buildings not connected to sewerage systems or for seasonal objects, remote places and holiday houses with seasonal waste water production. A system with horizontal subsurface flow is mostly used as a CW in the Czech Republic. This CW type ensures sufficient removal of organic contamination and insoluble substances, but the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal is relatively low. However it is fully sufficient in the instance of low PE numbers, as the loading rate is usually low and the concentration of contaminants in the output water meets the prescribed limits. Foreign researches show that hybrid systems combining horizontal flow with vertical flow and with recirculation are more suitable for improving efficiency of nitrogen removal. Systems with vertical flow and intermittent waste water dosage showing particularly good results in ammoniac removal are also suitable for nitrogen removal. Special materials with higher iron, aluminium or calcium content are most suitable as filling of a constructed wetland or as additional filters or for improvement of phosphorus removal from waste water as they are able to reach efficiency of up to 90 %. In my thesis I came to a conclusion that a CW with horizontal subsurface flow is the most suitable type of house constructed wetland treatment for the conditions in the CR, mainly because it is the most frequently used and thus best proven CW type with sufficient efficiency of treatment for the substances required by standards.