Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Wat Phra Non“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Wat Phra Non"
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Keithmaleesatti, S., K. Thirakhupt, A. Pradatsudarasar, P. Varanusupakul, N. Kitana und M. Robson. „Concentration of organochlorine in egg yolk and reproductive success of Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1758) at Wat Tan-en non-hunting area, Phra Nakhorn Si Ayuthaya Province, Thailand“. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 68, Nr. 1 (September 2007): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.08.004.
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Chen, J., und M. C. Chen. „Decolourization performance in C. I. Vat Yellow 1 aqueous suspension using hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid)“. Water Science and Technology 63, Nr. 8 (01.04.2011): 1638–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.303.
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A series of hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(2-phenoxyethyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) (poly(PHEA-co-AA)), have been synthesized and characterized by Ubbelohde type viscometry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectrometry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The shear thinning Non-Newtonian fluid behavior of their aqueous solution and the dependence on pH and hydrophobic group contents were found through apparent viscosity and rheological property investigating. Decolourization performance in C. I. Vat Yellow 1 aqueous suspension was evaluated through visible absorbance data. Decolourization performance of hydrophobically associated polymer indicates two times better than that of PAA. The quantitative relationship was mainly studied.
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IRWIN, MARY ANN. „"The Air is Becoming Full of War"“. Pacific Historical Review 74, Nr. 3 (01.08.2005): 331–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2005.74.3.331.
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This article examines the responses of Jewish San Franciscans to World War I, comparing reactions of Jewish and non-Jewish Americans and considering regional differences in the Jewish response. The primary source is the Emanu-El, San Francisco's only Jewish newspaper during the war. Comparing the San Francisco experience with that of New York, the article argues that, while San Francisco Jews shared many of their fellow citizens' feelings toward the nations at war, the �ghting in Europe raised troubling issues for Jewish Americans, as well as problems they did not share with other Americans. In key respects, region mattered more than religious identi�cation: Jewish San Franciscans tended to view the war as westerners rather than as Jews, but war exacerbated tensions within American Jewry and added urgency to leaders' efforts to create consensus, especially on such controversial issues as Zionism.
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Wu, Ellen D. „““America's Chinese””: Anti-Communism, Citizenship, and Cultural Diplomacy during the Cold War“. Pacific Historical Review 77, Nr. 3 (01.08.2008): 391–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2008.77.3.391.
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With the onset of the Cold War, the federal government became concerned with the impact that the status and treatment of Chinese Americans as a racial minority in American society had on perceptions of the United States among populations in the Asian Pacific. As a response, the State Department's cultural diplomacy campaigns targeting the Pacific Rim used Chinese Americans, including Betty Lee Sung (writer for the Voice of America) and Jade Snow Wong and Dong Kingman (artists who conducted lectures and exhibitions throughout Asia). By doing so, the government legitimated Chinese Americans' long-standing claims to full citizenship in new and powerful ways. But the terms on which Chinese Americans served as representatives of the nation and the state——as racial minorities and as ““Overseas Chinese””——also worked to reproduce their racial otherness and mark them as ““non-white”” and foreign, thus compromising their gains in social standing.
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Kumar, Piyush. „What Percentage of Mortality were Medically Certified among Total Registered Mortality in 36 States & UTs of India During 2018-2020 and COVID-19 Mortality Age-Sex Distribution Pattern in India: A Cross Sectional Observational Research Study“. Public Health Open Access 6, Nr. 2 (2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/phoa-16000214.
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The most significant event of birth and death must be certified medically / non-medically to prove or support the evidence of existence of birth and death of a particular person legal existence between the certified date / timings of birth and death. Apart from this legal significance, footage of births and mortality is central basic data required for policy and planning about a population group / country such as provisioning of fundamental requirements like food, cloth, housing, health care, transportation, education etc. The national / state programmes planning, management, implementation can be effectual and triumphant only if this statistical information of birth and death is specific, reliable, timely and correct. Hence, the certification / registration of births and mortality are significant as well as necessity of modern era. We aimed to assess percentage of mortality medically certified among total registered mortality in 36 States & UTs of India during 2018-2020 and COVID-19 mortality age-sex distribution pattern in India during 2020 medically certified due to pandemic in India with available data resources. The mortality data for this cross sectional retrospective observational study were obtained through Civil Registration System of India under the RBD Act, 1969. The data available were obtained on medically certified cause of deaths from States/UTs has been collected, tabulated, analysed in compliance with the ICD - Tenth Revision (1993). The total registered death during 2018 was 6911197 for 2019 it was 7596849 and in 2020 8062070. The figure increased continuously during successive years but there is a question mark on this data. The total RD increased by 685652 numbers in 2019 compared to 2018 whereas despite the COVID-19 PANDEMIC impact the increase in figures during 2020 was 240148 only which are highly questionable? The researcher found that this controversy is also raised by several global highly accredited international organizations like WHO etc. This research study revealed that Bihar which is second most populous state in India ranked lowest in medical certification of cause of death, 2020 which is amazing. Bihar ranked lowest with only 3.4 percent medically certified deaths during 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic era. Hence a large number of mortality during COVID-19 era remains uncertified till date in states like Bihar. This observational research study revealed that the majority of COVID-19 mortality was found in the age group of 45 years and above accounting for 82.7 per cent of total deaths in the group. The percentage of female mortality aged 34 years and below as well as for 55-64 years age group and 65-69 years age group, to total female deaths are greater in comparison to corresponding age groups mortality for male while in other groups male mortality were more than females. Particularly in poor states like Bihar in India the lower socio-economic strata of population may be more affected by low MCCD which is chiefly due to failure of Public Health Management related largely to corruption, posting and other scams. Bihar ranked lowest with only 3.4 percent medically certified deaths during 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic era. Hence a large number of mortality during COVID-19 era remains uncertified till date in states like Bihar. The researcher has found that in states like Bihar the total registered deaths have increased continuously during study period while MCCD decreased continuously during the study period which is due to failure of public health management and corruption, posting scams etc., by which such states are putting highly incapable / untrained person on state programme officer etc vital posts. These irregularities or ignorance have put India’s data credibility in doubt at international level bringing shame to the nation.
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Patel, Naiya. „What Does a College Attending Men’s Community Perceive about Transgender Women? - A Non-Experimental Qualitative Study“. Public Health Open Access 3, Nr. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/phoa-16000136.
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Aim: To observe, describe and determine the attitude and attractiveness/likeability as a romantic partner/friend of heterosexual men attending one U.S. institution towards transgender women. To describe how do they categorize themselves. Methods: It is a non-experimental qualitative research study. Participants were selected based on both convenience and homogenous snowball sampling. A total of two (2) focus groups consisting of 10 heterosexual males between the ages of 21-29 volunteered for the study. Conducting a focus group was used as our primary data collection method for the study. Each participant was interviewed and engaged in an organized group discussion that was monitored and recorded by the male moderator who was certified to conduct human subject researches through the National Institute of Health (NIH). ATLAS.ti. 8 and SPSS version 25 were used for data analysis. The study is institutional approved. Results: Heterosexual male tend to have a more negative attitude towards Male to Female transgender as compared to Female to male. Homophobia exist amongst heterosexual male and is the major reason they avoid any relationship or association with a transgender woman. Conclusion: The study is aimed to increase the knowledge of transgender women especially in a college/institutional setting. Ultimately, being transgender does not take away from the fact that they are living and breathing humans. Our overall impact for this research is to bring about awareness of the perceptions of heterosexual men towards transgender individuals to promote future research that would break down the barriers of prejudice towards transgender and broaden our overall knowledge of their lifestyle.
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Kumar, Piyush. „What is the Impact of COVID-19 on Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAS) in India from Top Fifteen Source Countries during 2019 & 2020- A Cross Sectional Study?“ Public Health Open Access 6, Nr. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/phoa-16000211.
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Due to novel disease, poor management and stringent steps taken by the government as well as sudden increase in admissions at emergency department of hospitals the mortality rate had increased significantly due to COVID-19. Such a catastrophic situation might have reduced the foreign tourist arrivals in India due to several factors like fear, lack of transportation etc. In this modern era geographical knowledge of pattern of distribution of disease is essential while detecting, surveillance, monitoring and responding to any communicable infectious disease outbreak or NCD (non-communicable diseases) or any pandemic situations. Geospatial data of COVID-19 infections per million population reported by countries, territories and areas are under surveillance by national and international agencies such as World Health Organization in various countries. This paper is to find out the impact of COVID-19 on Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) in India from top 15 Source Countries during 2019 &2020 with aim to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic era (2020 as discussed above) by comparing it with pre-pandemic era of 2019. To assess the impact of COVID-19 on Foreign Tourist Arrivals number and percentage share of tourists coming to India during pandemic era-2020 and pre-pandemic era 2019 were compared. The total numbers of FTAs in India during 2019 from all source countries were 10930355 which reduced to 2744766 during COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA in 2020; a massive decline by 8185589 numbers of tourists and 25.11percent compared to pre-pandemic era of 2019. On the other hand the total numbers of FTAs in India during 2019 from Total Top 15 Countries were 8340551 which decreased to 2061161 during COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA in 2020; a huge decline by 6279390 numbers of tourists and 24.71percent compared to pre-pandemic era of 2019 while FTAs in India during 2019 from Other Countries were 2589804 reduced to 683605 during Covid-era 2020 (26.40% decrease). Tourism is one of the significant resources to generate foreign revenue for India. COVID-19 pandemic era, have affected the tourism sector negatively and this novel research study revealed that the national and international FTAs and revenue income are adversely affected detrimental for Tourism industry. The COVID-19 induced lockdown had resulted in closure of hotels; resorts etc., as well as ships, cruises, flights had been halted to check the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic which has resulted in revenue loss of 1.25 trillion rupees for the Indian tourism industry by 2020.
Bücher zum Thema "Wat Phra Non"
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Phlō̜ichum, Suchao, und Somphit Wīanrawī 1924-1985, Hrsg. Wat Wangphusai nai phra sangkharāchūpatham, ʻAmphœ̄ Nō̜ng Yā Plō̜ng, Čhangwat Phetchaburī. 2. Aufl. [Bangkok]: Bō̜risat Sō̜ng Sayām, 1995.
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Nirōtrangsīkhamphīrapanyāčhān, Phra. ʻAttanōprawat Phra Nirōtrangsīkhamphīrapanyāčhān (Thēt Thētsarangsī). Prawat Wat ʻAranyawāsī. Lǣ, Prawat Wat Hin Māk Pēng. [Bangkok: Samnak Rātchalēkhāthikān], 1986.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Wat Phra Non"
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Byrman, Gunilla, und Asbjørg Westum. „Trustworthiness in the Swedish Strategies for Covid-19 in Recorded Press Conferences from the Public Health Agency of Sweden“. In Truth Claims Across Media, 71–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42064-1_4.
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AbstractThis article investigates structural patterns of eight recorded press conferences on Covid-19, and how the Public Health Agency of Sweden (PHA) builds trust in its information. The analysis draws on Wodak’s model, using the theoretical and methodological concepts discourse, texts, genres, situatedness, and discourse strand. The press conferences are regularly scheduled, always with the same structure. PHA uses a range of multimodal features with which they interact orally. Tension often arises in the dialogue between PHA and journalists wanting to know about death numbers, the spread of infection, and how citizens should act to stay healthy. Two discourse strands are identified: death numbers and face masks. PHA handles these discourse strands in slightly different ways. Journalists ask about the relatively high Swedish death numbers, which PHA does not deny, but is reluctant to talk about. PHA does not want to acknowledge the usefulness of face masks, saying that other measures are more effective. Both discourse strands pose potential threats to PHA’s trustworthiness. Journalists question why PHA’s death statistics show lower figures than those of other authorities, and they ask about the scientific basis for its face mask strategy, pointing to countries with different approaches.
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Joseph, Amanda L., Helen Monkman, Andre W. Kushniruk und Elizabeth M. Borycki. „Are Personal Health Records (PHRs) Facilitating Patient Safety? A Scoping Review“. In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220516.
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Personal Health Records (PHRs) are poised to improve patient safety, however the mechanism(s) in which they improve safety is not clear. To this end, we conducted a scoping review with the following objectives: 1) explore the extent of the evidence that PHRs improve patient safety, 2) determine where PHR research has been done per International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Represented Region [1], 3) to identify the PHR naming convention(s) used per IMIA Region [1]. The findings revealed that there is limited evidence that PHRs improve patient safety. The results also revealed heterogeneity in PHR nomenclature and how they were used in healthcare settings. However, the overarching theme of the study, was that future research is needed to ensure that PHRs are designed and used in a patient safety context with human factors and usability considerations.
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Frutos, Eliana, Juan Descalzo, Giuliana Colussi, Romina Rapisarda, Fernando Plazzotta und Daniel Luna. „Exploring the Digital Divide as a Barrier to Use of a Personal Health Record in the Elderly“. In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220518.
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The digital divide can hinder the ability of elderly patients to fully benefit from PHRs. They are “digital immigrants”, not having the life-long exposure to technology as younger generations, as well as physical and cognitive disabilities. The aim of this study was to explore the digital divide as a barrier for the use of a PHR in older adults (> 69 years of age) and describe the use of a PHR in an elderly population in Argentina. We conducted a cross sectional study which included older adults who attended the Coronavirus vaccination campaign in 2021. Data were collected through a survey encompassing digital divide factors and use of the PHR. A total of 128 participants agreed to complete the survey, 60.15% reported using the PHR. We found a statistically significant correlation of education level, having a personal computer and internet access with PHR use. Concerning PHR users, 45.45% reported needing assistance to use it. Although the elderly population represents a large portion of patients, there is not enough research done on their use experience using eHealth solutions. There is pending work in the eHealth field to integrate these elders into current PHRs and help them enjoy their benefits.
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Islam, Rafiqul, Fumihiko Yokota, Kimiyo Kikuchi, Mariko Nishikitani, Rieko Izukura, Yoko Sato, Mahmudur Rahman et al. „Standardization of Personal Health Records in the Portable Health Clinic System“. In MEDINFO 2021: One World, One Health – Global Partnership for Digital Innovation. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220053.
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A personal health record (PHR) is not only a collection of personal health data but also a personal healthcare and disease management tool for individual patients. Recently, PHRs have been considered indispensable tools for patient engagement in the area of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and have gained a special importance. Unfortunately, similar to several other developing countries, Bangladesh remains far behind in establishing a standard PHR system for the country despite the fact that the growth of NCDs is extremely high and accounts for approximately 70% of the total diseases experienced in the country. The Portable Health Clinic system, which has a PHR feature, was established in Bangladesh in 2010. This PHR system requires standardization for each country. The objective of this research is to standardize this PHR system with reference to the PHR system proposed by the Japanese Clinical Societies, which is a pioneer of work in this field in Asia.
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Yuksel, Mustafa, Asuman Dogac, Cebrail Taskin und Anil Yalcinkaya. „A Case for Enterprise Interoperability in Healthcare IT“. In E-Health and Telemedicine, 1073–96. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8756-1.ch054.
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The PHR systems need to be integrated with a wide variety of healthcare IT systems including EHRs, electronic medical devices, and clinical decision support services to get their full benefit. It is not possible to sustain the integration of PHRs with other healthcare IT systems in a proprietary way; this integration has to be achieved by exploiting the promising interoperability standards and profiles. This chapter provides a survey and analysis of the interoperability standards and profiles that can be used to integrate PHRs with a variety of healthcare applications and medical data resources, including EHR systems to enable access of a patient to his own medical data generated by healthcare professionals; personal medical devices to obtain the patient's instant physiological status; and the clinical decision support services for patient-physician shared decision making.
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Salehi, Fatemeh, Peivand Bastani, Leila Ahmadian, Katayoon Samadi, Azita Yazdani und Roxana Sharifian. „Prerequisites of Personal Health Record for Chronic Kidney Disease: A Scoping Review and Evaluation of the Content Validity“. In pHealth 2021. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210594.
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Background: It is obvious that the Personal Health Record (PHR) is a major cornerstone for “improving the self-management of patient”. However, lack of an effective and comprehensive personal health record system prohibits the widespread use of PHRs. The aim of this study was to identify the core data sets and required functionalities for designing a PHRs for chronic kidney disease (CKD) management and assess their validity. Methods: It was a study including two phases. In the initial phase, a scoping review was conducted with the aim of determination the core data sets and required functionalities for designing PHRs. Then in the second phase, the validity of data items and functionalities was determined by 25 multidisciplinary experts. Results: 22 studies were eligible after screening 1335 titles and abstracts and reviewing 88 full texts. We determined 20 core data set and 8 required functionalities of PHRs. From the perspective of experts, ‘health maintenance’ and ‘advance directives’ were most often marked as useful but not essential, while ‘test and examination’, ‘medication list’ and ‘diagnosis and comorbid conditions” were predominantly considered as essential by all experts (n=25,100%). Conclusion: This research is a step that we have taken to identify prerequisites that could be used for the design, development, and implementation of an effective and comprehensive electronic personal health record.
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Sohn, Changsoo, und Younsook Yeo. „What Makes Patients Adopt the Web-Based Personal Health Records (PHRs)?“ In Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, 188–200. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3045-0.ch011.
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This study analyzed what makes patients adopt the web-based personal health records (PHRs). Patients may consider the perceived value of information, the perceived usefulness of searching, the perceived privacy, the perceived trust, and the perceived security when they adopt the web-based PHRs. By using HINTS (Health Information National Trends Survey), this study found that the perceived value of information is the most important determinant when patients adopt the web-based PHRs. The perceived privacy, the perceived trust, and the perceived security are also determinants to influence their decision to adopt the web-based PHRs. But, the perceived value of searching is not statistically significant to explain the adoption of the web-based PHRs. However, the perceived value of information is a strong antecedent of the perceived usefulness of searching. Based on this study, patients are more likely to adopt the web-based PHRs when they realize that the web-based PHRs provide valuable and reliable information with protecting their privacy and system security.
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Yogeswar, Mohanasundaram, Natarajan Valle und Arumugam Nagarajan. „Cyanobacteria as a Source of Biodegradable Plastics“. In Cyanobacteria - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110376.
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a group of biopolymers produced from various microorganisms that attracted many researchers for their use as a substitute for conventional petrochemical plastics. PHA possesses similar material properties to petrochemical plastics with the added benefits of biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophobicity, thermoplasticity, piezoelectricity, and stereospecificity. The first discovery of PHA production in cyanobacteria was in 1969, and the commercialization of PHA produced from cyanobacteria is not feasible to date. The difficulty with the commercial production of cyanobacterial PHA is due to the low biomass production and lower PHA accumulation than the heterotrophic bacteria. The biosynthesis of PHA, production of cyanobacterial PHA, and strategies to improve the production of PHA and commercialization are discussed in this chapter.
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Sohn, Changsoo, und Younsook Yeo. „Enablers for Patients to Adopt Web-Based Personal Health Records (PHR)“. In Technology Adoption and Social Issues, 1675–88. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5201-7.ch078.
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This study analyzed what are enablers to adopt web-based Personal Health Records (PHR) from patients' perspective while many studies are conducted from providers' perspective. Patients may consider Perceived Value of Information, Perceived Worthwhileness of Searching, Privacy, Information Trust, and Security before adopting web-based PHR. By using HINTS (Health Information National Trends Survey), this study found out that Perceived Value of Information is the most critical enabler for patients to adopt web-based PHR. Privacy, Information Trust, and Security are also enablers to adopt web-based PHR. But, Perceived Worthwhileness of Searching is not statistically significant to explain adoption of web-based PHR. However, Perceived Value of Information is strong antecedent of Perceived Worthwhileness of Searching. Based on this study, patients are more likely to adopt web-based PHR when they realize that web-based PHR provides valuable and reliable information with protecting privacy and security.
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Moreham, N. A. „Harassment by Publication“. In Tugendhat and Christie: The Law of Privacy and The Media. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199685745.003.0008.
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The Protection from Harassment Act 1997 (PHA) is becoming an increasingly important tool for those seeking to protect their privacy against intrusion by the media and private individuals. The Act was introduced to combat stalking, racial harassment, and disruption from neighbours but ‘harassment’ is not defined in the Act and its reach is therefore in fact much wider. As will be discussed in Chapter 10, the PHA has the potential to catch a range of media news-gathering activities including persistent photography, trailing, and door-stepping.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Wat Phra Non"
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Kelley, Allen, Kristina Fontenot, Christinna Becktold, Carla Morgan, Cornell Stanciu und Jorge Fernandez. „Non-Ionic Surfactants as Boosters for FR Hydration in Brines“. In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213793-ms.
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Abstract A theoretical model of polyacrylamide polymers (PAM and PHPA) hydration dynamics is explored, with emphasis on the effect pf salinity on the hydration dynamics of traditional PAM and PHPA polymers. By understanding the interactions at a molecular level between the polymer and the solvent system it is expected that the polymer’s usability as a viscosifying agent can be extended into brackish and possibly produced water. In this study, viscosity vs. time plots are used to find the hydration rates for PAM and PHPA emulsions in fresh water and various brines. Special brines were designed, including one with Fe(III) among components. The study is done by using common, commercial viscometers, utilizing an R1 B1 bob configuration with heated cup. The overall mixing shear generated is low and kept constant throughout the runs. The temperature and length of runs are also kept constant. This allows the determination of the rate limiting hydration step, maximum viscosity and the hydration rates of a wide variety of nonionic surfactants to be explored. By comparing the PAM and PHPA hydration rates for the neat brine, tap water and brine with non-ionic surfactant it is shown that by choosing the correct nonionic surfactant the hydration rates can be increased by over 3500% from the brine solution and more than 10-50% from tap water. It is also shown that the maximum viscosity can be increased by over 700% from the brine solution and 27% from tap water. This trend was also shown to be true using Nano pure water. The results support the theoretical hydration dynamics we propose, showing the effect the nonionic surfactants have on the rate limiting hydration step and transitions between different hydration steps. The data is strong proof that by understanding the processes of polymer hydration, brackish and possibly produced water in a wide range of TDS can be used to successfully hydrate the polymer. The novelty of this testing is that it provides further examples of how non-ionic surfactants can be used successfully to allow PAM and PHPA polymers to be hydrated in brine waters of various compositions with no damage to performance. Care was taken to utilize very common instrumentation and to develop simple and clear procedures for testing, to make the method easy and reliable to use by field labs that may not necessarily have state-of-the-art equipment available.
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Sancaktar, E., und D. Aussawasathien. „Improving Volume Resistivity of Epoxy Nanocomposites Using Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile-Based Carbon Nanofibers and Their Silver Modification“. In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80576.
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The electrospinning technique was utilized to prepare non-woven fabric carbon nanofibers (CNFs) via polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor nanofibers. The volume resistivity (ρv) of non-woven mat CNFs containing the small size of beads and fiber diameters was lower than the ones possessing large beads and fiber diameters owing to the high specific surface area of the former. The ρv values of CNF mats prepared from 6.5 (fiber dia. ~120–250 nm) and 8.0 (fiber dia. ~250–600) wt% PAN solutions and carbonized at 950 °C were 0.32 and 1.33 Ω.cm, respectively. Additionally, the ρv value of CNF fabrics was improved by silver (Ag) modifications. The CNF mats containing Ag nanoparticles by in-situ preparing Ag nanoparticles in PAN solution prior to electrospinning and carbonization and Ag coating of CNF mats exhibited ρv values more or less 0.15 and 0.24 Ω.cm, respectively, even though the nanofiber diameter obtained from the former method was slightly larger than that of the latter. Effects of the fiber aspect ratio (L/D ratio) and the interconnecting network due to non-woven mat like fibers on the ρv were demonstrated by comparing the ρv of epoxy nanocomposites containing different forms of CNFs, non-woven fabric and short nanofibers. It was found that the ρv value of non-woven mat CNF/epoxy nanocomposite was much lower than that of short CNF/epoxy nanocomposite at 10 phr filler loading. Interestingly, the ρv values of non-woven mat CNF/epoxy nanocomposites dropped rapidly from 1010.5 Ω.cm at 0 phr filler content to 1.05 Ω.cm at about 10 phr filler content. Furthermore, the ρv values of non-woven mat CNF/epoxy nanocomposites leveled off to that of the filler itself or even lower at the filler dosage about 15 phr or higher, because the thickness of CNF mats impregnated in the epoxy composite was increased at high filler loading, thus yielding highly connected network inside the composite.
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Teeka, Wikoramet, Khemthat Srisujaritpanich, Pattara Somnuake und Sirirat Wacharawichanant. „Development of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Lignin Treated Alkyl Ketene Dimer Properties for Packaging Applications“. In The Silpakorn International Conference on Total Art and Science (2nd SICTAS 2023) jointly with the International Conference on Engineering and Industrial Technology 2023 (3rd ICEIT 2023). Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-8xjsrk.
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In this work, PLA/lignin treated AKD composites have been developed for packaging applications. The composites were prepared by a thermal processing. The lignin was prepared from the black liquor which is the waste of paper industry by extracting acetic acid and filtering. The resulting lignin has a structure of syringlyl unit (S) and guaiacyl unit (G) because use eucalyptus is a shaft wood use in the paper industry. The lignin contents the PLA matrix were 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 phr and the improvement of lignin properties by using AKD in ratio 10:1 of lignin and AKD is caused by the reaction between the AKD and the OH group of lignin to from bond called β-ketone ester bond. The treatment of lignin with AKD showed the increase of hydrophobicity and good dispersion in PLA. SEM results of PLA/lignin and PLA/lignin treated AKD showed that when the lignin content increased, the surface roughness was observed except 0.5 phr of PLA/lignin treated AKD composites. The lignin addition decreased the tensile strength of PLA/lignin composites, whereas the PLA/lignin treated AKD at 0.5 phr had similar mechanical properties with neat PLA. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy found to be non-crystalline, consistent with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) results indicated that the enthalpy of crystallization was equal to the enthalpy of melting. Moreover, X-ray diffraction (XRD) result did not appear the peaks. UV-vis analysis indicated the light transmission was protected with increasing lignin contents. Water contact angle test (WCA) results indicated that lignin had a decreasing effect on the waterproofing of the material, but the lignin treated with AKD has a water contact angle similar to that neat PLA.
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Wei, Li, Qi Zhenfeng, Guo Qiang und Yuan Yidan. „A Scaling Analysis for a General Passive Heat Removal System“. In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81133.
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Passive cooling technology has been adopted by more and more designs of advanced PWRs, because of its benefits to simplifying the design of safety systems, to reducing mis-operations performed by operators during accidents, and to cutting the cost of operation and maintenance. This paper presents a dimensional analysis by means of the Hierarchical two-tiered scaling (H2TS) method for the heat transfer process in a general passive heat removal system (PHRS) based on the research in which the most important phenomenon was conducted by a code module. The comparison of calculation results of the prototype and the experimental facility designed by the dimensional analysis shows that a scaled-down experimental facility could not simulate the flashing phenomenon which is the most important phenomenon in this process perfectly. But we could introduce a dimensionless parameter related to the flashing and choose an appropriate experiment condition to reproduction the flashing in the scaled-down facility. Our work in this paper made a well foundation for future design and experimental research of the PHRS.
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Aydar, S., S. Alataş, L. Numanoğlu und A. Sönmezdağ. „EFFECT OF ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS ON STABLE ROSETTE FORMATION“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643271.
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Human peripheral blood T lymphacytes when cultered in the presence of mitogen Phytohemogglutinin (PHA) acquire the capacity to form E rosettes with sheep erythrocytes that are resistant to incubation at 37° C. Whereas human thymus lymphocytes form 37° C stable E rosettes. On the other hand, it is shown that the use of anticoagulants can prevent cancer metastases which brings forth the importance of explaining the relationship between the lymphocyte functions and anticoagulant action mecha-nismus. In order to investigate this relationship, we did a group af experiments with lymphocytes of normal children and of children with severe burn wounds. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were seperated by “Lymphoprep” centrifugation technique. The lymphocytes of normal children and patients with burn were divided in two groups: A-Activated lymphocytes: 1×106 /ml lymphocytes were cultured and activated by PHAfor 48 hours at 37° C in RPMI 1640. B-Non activated lymphocytes were in culture witout PHA. 1×10™6 M/ml warfarin sulfate was added to some of the cultures of each group prior to the culture conditions. At the end of the 48 hour incubation, heat stable rosette formation was determined by the method of Wauve and co-workers. Significantly elevated levels of heat stable rosette forming cells were found in the PHA activated culture treated with warfarin sulfate in normals and patients with burn. Although the blastic transformation of T lymphocytes was found to be depressed, heat stable rosette formation of warfarin sulfate treated lymphocytes abtained from burn patients was observed to be significantly elevated. It is concluded that warfarin sulfate increases the activity of T lymphocytes by interfering with the resynthesis of heai stable E receptors.
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Kakadjian, Sarkis, Jarrett Kitchen, Amanda Flowers, John Vu, Amanuel Gebrekirstos und Otman Algadi. „Successfully Optimizing Breakers in Polyacrylamides for Slickwater and High-Viscosity Fluids“. In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206279-ms.
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Abstract Polyacrylamide-based friction reducers (FR's) - including viscosifying polyacrylamides, which are designed to decrease proppant settling by increasing molecular weight and/or active material in the FR - are used extensively in high-rate fracture stimulations. However, because polyacrylamides are difficult to break, there have been concerns about how these materials impact fracture conductivity and formation permeability. This study presents the effect of conventional and novel oxidative breakers over the viscosity and colloidal size distribution of the broken polymers. Breakers tested include conventional persulfates, perborates and patent pending peroxides, all of which generate free radicals to degrade partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides (PHPAs). Breakers were tested at bottomhole temperatures encountered in the Permian, Bakken, Haynesville and Eagle Ford. Changes to PHPA viscosity were determined using vibrational viscometers. Size distributions and percentage of the broken colloidal PHPA were determined by dynamic light scattering. This method can measure sizes down to 0.6 nanometers, which is within the range of even the smallest pore-throat sizes in shales. Light scattering revealed surprising anomalies in breaker performance. When aged at temperatures typical of the Permian, each of the tested breakers at each of the varied concentrations caused similar levels of viscosity reduction but different size distributions. Some breakers had the unwanted effect of narrowing the colloidal size fractions to the lower end of the spectrum. At these small sizes, colloids are more likely to overlap with segments of the pore throat distribution in some shales, which could inhibit production. In addition, when the FR was aged at the higher temperatures encountered in the Bakken, Eagle Ford and Haynesville, some breakers were not able to uniformly break the PHPA. In these cases, FR's without breakers delivered superior performance. The results clearly demonstrate that breakers may not always have the desired effect of increasing the formation's permeability. In fact, depending on the type of breaker and the concentration, they can often have detrimental effects that ultimately hinder production.
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Rodriguez Corredor, Fabio Ernesto, Majid Bizhani und Ergun Kuru. „A Comparative Study of Hole Cleaning Performance — Water Versus Drag Reducing Fluid“. In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24083.
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Effective hole cleaning in horizontal and extended reach wells (ERD) often requires use of high circulation rates, which may not be always achievable due to the risk of circulating bottom hole pressure reaching the fracture limit of the rock. Achieving good hole cleaning while keeping the circulating bottom hole pressure within the safe operational window is very often the major engineering challenge. A drag reducing fluid with good hole cleaning ability could be a potential solution in this case. In order to see if it is possible to use a drag reducing fluid and still achieve a good hole cleaning, an experimental program was designed and conducted. The main objective of this experimental study was to compare the hole cleaning performances of water and a drag reducing fluid. The hole cleaning experiments were conducted using a 9m long horizontal flow loop with concentric annular geometry (Outer Pipe ID = 95 mm, Inner Pipe OD = 38 mm, ID/OD ratio = 0.4). The drag reducing additive was a commercially available partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA). Water and two drag reducing fluids with 0.07% V/V and 0.1% V/V PHPA concentrations were used. Critical velocities for the initiation of cuttings movement with rolling, saltation/dunes, and suspension modes were determined and compared when using water and drag reducing fluids as a carrier fluid. Critical velocities for the initiation of cuttings movement were found to be lower with water than that of drag reducing fluid in all transport modes.
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Proboseno, N. G., N. B. Sangka, A. Y. Benigno, H. Fadilah, J. Kurniawan, M. Bastian, A. F. Hutama und D. A. Kesnawaty. „Fishing Job Optimization: Accelerating & Increasing of Successful Fishing Job Through Digitalization PHR Fishing Complexity Calculator“. In GOTECH. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/219265-ms.
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Abstract Fishing operations are complex and time-consuming. This is due to the associated uncertainty with the orientation and condition of the tool that requires fishing. Fishing usually is needed when least expected and brings a sudden halt to operations, especially if the downhole tools become stuck. Reaction planning begins at this time unless the project was planned properly from the outset. That reaction planning is not good is not the question. What is important is to establish the facts. What should be done to free the stuck? What will the cost be? This paper addresses these questions. It also emphasizes the importance of routine, continuous, but often unrewarded, effort by operation personnel. An innovative approach to evaluate success ratio for retrieving a fish, not only using risk factors in the decision-making but also economical view is called PHR Fishing Complexity Calculator. Decision-making processes involved in recovering the fish when the downhole tools are stuck. The goal is to provide a usable wellbore at the lowest ultimate cost. Nowadays, the world is working in industrial revolution 4.0, where all are about digital transformation, increase the automation, artificial intelligence, and more simple work process. To keep the existences and explore the optimization in Industrial revolution 4.0, Oil and Gas Industry must be adapted and accelerated day to day operational in line with the advances of technology. Drilling & Well Intervention as an essential part of puzzles in Oil and Gas Industry which responsible not only to maintain the health of the wells but also make a guarantee the longevity of wells performance. The objective of this paper is to show the digitalization and simple workflow using PHR Fishing Complexity Calculator can maximize both quality and delivery time of fishing job "as simple as in your hand". As a result, the success of fishing job can be increased from 39% to 71%. Approximately five wells can be converted into production and fish in holes can be retrieved. The success of those fishing jobs not only increases the satisfaction of fishing job but also increases production up to 153 Bopd and 2.9 mmscfd. Moreover, the Drilling & Well Intervention Manager often is forced by an extended fishing operation to choose between the known costs incurred with abandonment of retrieval attempts and the unknown costs of continuing fishing operations. The successful manager makes the decision that costs the company the least money. Continuing fishing operations beyond some economic limit is a failure, even if the fish is retrieved and that portion of the hole saved, because more money has been spent in the fishing attempt than would have been spent by not fishing. The strategy is to minimize losses.
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Urra, Susan. „Evolution of Process Hazard Analysis in an Oil and Gas Pipeline Company: From Ad-Hoc to an Enterprise Standard Practice“. In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90302.
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Enbridge’s decision to formalize a Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) program has taken the organization through a journey from an informal/ad hoc practice to a rigorous, standardized, best-practice-based process with selected methodologies and tools being applied to all capital and operation projects in the company. This paper begins with a description of past hazard practices in the oil and gas pipeline industry in relation to the application of a hazard analysis. The oil and gas pipeline industry is governed by PHMSA, NEB, TSB, and provincial OHSA regulations, but is not regulated by OSHA or EPA RMP. Using this regulatory framework as a reference, a standard corporate PHA at Enbridge was developed and implemented. The paper describes the process, the methodologies, and the associated templates and tools. The implementation strategy is also discussed, including training deployment and communication plans. Finally, a road map for continuous improvement describes how to make the process sustainable by closing the current process gaps in relation to best practices and achieving a maturity stage of execution.
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Repole, Kenzo K. D., und Sheldon M. Jeter. „Design and Analysis of a High Temperature Particulate Hoist for Proposed Particle Heating Concentrator Solar Power Systems“. In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59619.
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The central receiver power tower (CRPT) with a particle heating receiver (PHR) is a form of concentrating solar power (CSP) system with strong potential to achieve high efficiency at low cost and to readily incorporate cost-effective thermal energy storage (TES). In such a system, particulates are released into the PHR, and are heated to high temperature by concentrated solar radiation from the associated heliostat field. After being heated, the particles will then typically flow into the hot bin of the TES. Particulates accumulated in the hot bin can flow through a heat exchanger to energize a power generation system or be held in the hot TES storage bin for later use such as meeting a late afternoon peak demand or even overnight generation. Particles leaving the heat exchanger are held in the low temperature bin of the TES. A critical component in such a PHR system is the particle lift system, which must transport the particulate from the lower temperature TES bin back to the PHR. In our baseline 60 MW-thermal (MW-th) design, the particulate must be lifted around 70 m at the rate of 128 kg/s. For the eventual commercial scale system of a 460 MW-th design the particulate must be lifted around 138 m at the rate of 978 kg/s. The obvious demands on this subsystem require the selection and specification of a highly efficient, economical, and reliable lift design. After an apparently exhaustive search of feasible alternatives, the skip hoist was selected as the most suitable general design concept. While other designs have not been dismissed, our currently preferred somewhat more specific preliminary design employs a Kimberly Skip (KS) in a two-skip counterbalanced configuration. This design appears to be feasible to fabricate and integrate with existing technology at an acceptably low cost per MW-th and to promise high overall energy use efficiency, long service life, and low maintenance cost. A cost and performance model has been developed to allow optimization of our design and the results of that study are also presented. Our developed design meets the relevant criteria to promote cost effective CSP electricity production.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Wat Phra Non"
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Dixon, John A. An Expanded Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) of the Reventazón Hydroelectric Project (PHR), in Costa Rica. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009129.
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As part of project preparation, a standard Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) was carried out for the Reventazón Hydroelectric Project (PHR). This paper builds on that CBA and will prepare an enhanced analysis that explicitly incorporates environmental and social aspects by applying the approach presented in the IDB Technical Note No. IDB-TN-428 (John A. Dixon, "Economic Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) of Project Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures," IDB, 2012). This implementation guideline suggests comparing the traditional CBA of a project (referred to as CBA Result 1) with a more comprehensive CBA that explicitly includes the economic value of mitigation measures and remaining environmental impacts. This enhanced CBA analysis is referred to as CBA Result 3.