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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Waste Theory“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 1. Juli 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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1

Méndez-Fajardo, Sandra, und Rafael A. Gonzalez. „Actor-Network Theory on Waste Management“. International Journal of Actor-Network Theory and Technological Innovation 6, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2014): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijantti.2014100102.

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In developing countries, territorial planners are confronted with rapid urbanization and its inherent solid waste management (SWM) which has increased public health risks, and generated environmental and socio-economic problems too. To analyze these issues, a University campus (as a scaled city) was studied applying the Actor-Network Theory to find key elements to take into account for sustainable SWM programs not only in universities but also in cities. To achieve this goal, different actors and relationships between them were identified, as well as their dynamics throughout the SWM history. Some findings were that Environmental City's Authorities requirements have been the main cause of actions related to hazardous waste within the campus, while scholar's interests have initiated non-hazards. Otherwise, documents, operative committees, and scholars involved in milestones, have become as the main support for decision-makers. Researchers also verified that decision have not been made through systematic processes neither from a systems approach.

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Hirsch, H. R., und M. Witten. „The waste-product theory of aging: Simulation of metabolic waste production“. Experimental Gerontology 26, Nr. 6 (Januar 1991): 549–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0531-5565(91)90073-u.

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3

Ivanova, A. P. „LEGAL REGULATION OF ELECTRONIC WASTE: THEORY AND PRACTICE“. Pravovedenie IAZH, Nr. 3 (2021): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/rgpravo/2021.03.11.

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Electronic waste or e-waste is already a major problem worldwide, especially in developing countries that receive e-waste. The growth of e-waste worldwide has led to the need for comprehensive legal regulation around the world, and especially in third world countries. The review examines the general concept of waste and its management system, the existing regulation of e-waste and its disadvantages.

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4

Torres, César, und Antonio Valero. „The Exergy Cost Theory Revisited“. Energies 14, Nr. 6 (13.03.2021): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061594.

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This paper reviews the fundamentals of the Exergy Cost Theory, an energy cost accounting methodology to evaluate the physical costs of products of energy systems and their associated waste. Besides, a mathematical and computationally approach is presented, which will allow the practitioner to carry out studies on production systems regardless of their structural complexity. The exergy cost theory was proposed in 1986 by Valero et al. in their “General theory of exergy savings”. It has been recognized as a powerful tool in the analysis of energy systems and has been applied to the evaluation of energy saving alternatives, local optimisation, thermoeconomic diagnosis, or industrial symbiosis. The waste cost formation process is presented from a thermodynamic perspective rather than the economist’s approach. It is proposed to consider waste as external irreversibilities occurring in plant processes. A new concept, called irreversibility carrier, is introduced, which will allow the identification of the origin, transfer, partial recovery, and disposal of waste.

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Wickland, Benjamin E., G. Ward Wilson, Dharma Wijewickreme und Bern Klein. „Design and evaluation of mixtures of mine waste rock and tailings“. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 43, Nr. 9 (01.09.2006): 928–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t06-058.

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The technique of mixing mine waste rock and tailings for disposal has the potential to avoid the problems of acid rock drainage and tailings liquefaction. This paper presents a rational basis for the design of mixtures based on particle packing theory and laboratory investigations. Mixtures were conceptualized using a particle model that allows mixture design and interpretation of behaviour. Laboratory investigations included examination of tailings rheology, mixture trials, and compressibility testing of waste rock, tailings, and mixtures of waste rock and tailings. Results indicate that mixture design governs mixture structure, and consequently also compressibility behaviour. A method is presented to predict mixture compressibility from mixture ratio and the properties of the parent waste rock and tailings. The study provides theory for the design and evaluation of mixtures as a mine waste disposal technique and demonstrates that the design of geotechnical properties is possible for homogeneous mixtures of mine wastes at the laboratory scale.Key words: co-disposal, particle packing, rheology, compressibility, waste rock, tailings.

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Jacques, Mumba. „Public Private Partnership in Waste Management Based on the Theory of Lansink’s Ladder“. Contemporary problems of social work 4, Nr. 1 (2018): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2412-5466-2018-4-1-20-28.

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7

Feng, Xiang Peng, Heng Hu Sun und Xiao Ming Liu. „Practice of Simulation to Formation of Rock Theory“. Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1918–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1918.

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The utilization of industrial solid wastes as building materials has been thought of as the best way to solve the problems caused by high waste production, high resource consumption and high pollution that is inherent with the primary industries of China. However, due to the low level of usage by previous technologies, these serious problems of the primary industries still persist. Hence, it is urgent to seek an effective way to solve these problems. In this paper, based on the understanding of the theory of simulation to formation of rock and the research advances of sialite technology, it is concluded that sialite technology can achieve the effective usage of industrial solid wastes.

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BOLT, THOMAS. „REFINED WASTE“. Yale Review 87, Nr. 1 (20.09.2010): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9736.1999.tb00094.x.

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9

Blešić, Ivana, Marko D. Petrović, Tamara Gajić, Tatiana N. Tretiakova, Julia A. Syromiatnikova, Milan Radovanović, Jovanka Popov-Raljić und Natalia V. Yakovenko. „How the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior Can Be Applied in the Research of the Influencing Factors of Food Waste in Restaurants: Learning from Serbian Urban Centers“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 16 (17.08.2021): 9236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169236.

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This study is based on the general notion that restaurants should find more responsible solutions to dispose of the large amount of food that is not consumed. Moreover, the food wasted has great environmental, social and financial impacts, and yet this issue is still insufficiently presented in contemporary studies on food waste management. This paper applied the extended theory of planned behavior as a theoretical framework to elicit consumers’ behavior concerning food waste. A standard paper and pen survey recorded quantitative data provided by 221 respondents. The findings reported the following: (1) personal attitudes toward food waste positively affect an individual’s intention not to waste food; (2) perceived behavioral control positively affects an individual’s intention not to waste food; (3) the intention not to waste food negatively affects self-reported food waste behavior; (4) negative environmental attitudes negatively affect intention not to waste food; (5) hygiene-based food waste negatively affects perceived behavioral control. This study contributes to understanding consumers’ food waste behavior in restaurants and might have practical implications in the hospitality sector.

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Rochmah, Thinni Nurul. „Improving Nutrition Services to Reduce Plate Waste in Patients Hospitalized Based on Theory of Constraint“. Amerta Nutrition 4, Nr. 4 (30.11.2020): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v4i4.2020.335-341.

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Background: Highly plate waste in hospitalized patients has become a problem in Hospitals’ nutrition service department, this causes adding treatment time for patient’s recovery and making the hospital service inefficient.Objectives: This research strives to develop a set of recommendations to improve the nutrition department service quality by reducing plate wastes in hospitals. Methods: This research uses a cross-sectional approach. The constraint causing analysis is done by observing dominant waste in each menu’s component and conducting FGD with the management team, nutrition department, and other related departments. The research population is 3000 plates.Results: One of the success indicators in the hospital’s nutrition services is less than 20% of plate waste. It was found that 26,65% or 327 of 1230 observed plates have more than 20% plate waste. The constraint was set with low scale value, food’s aroma, with 2,7 which make food’s aroma as a first priority problem to solve.Conclusions: The solution recommendation about constraint causes was sent to the nutrition department and hospital directors to review the hospital’s policies and SOP. The improvement can be focused on the hospital’s internal policies, Standard Operating procedures, employee competencies, obedience to set procedures, and also chefs and cooks skill

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Mohamad, Nur Shafeera, und Thoo Ai Chin. „Extend Theory of Planned Behavior for Recycling in Electronic Waste“. Journal of Research in Administrative Sciences 9, Nr. 2 (15.12.2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47609/jras2020v9i2p1.

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Electronic waste (e-waste) is generated at a rapid pace when there are millions of electronic appliances including mobile phones, televisions, computers, laptops, and tablets have very short time lifespans. In addition, e-waste is classified as any types of electric and electronic merchandises that have no value to consumers. Even though e-waste is known as trash, but it can be used as a secondary resource to decrease the number of hazardous contents that may harm the environment. Despite being thrown away,e-waste can be reused, resold, recovered, remanufactured, and recycled. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is used as an underpinning theory to examine the factors that influence consumer’s behaviour towards e-waste recycling in Malaysia. TPB is a classical theory to predict one’s beliefs and behaviour. The theory shows that attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control could explain an individual’s behavioural intentions and behaviours. However, TPB is insufficient to explain pro-environmental actions such as returning e-waste. Recycling behaviour involves external resources and expertise. Thus, this study extended the theory by incorporating other factors such as awareness of the environment consequences, perceived convenience, and moral obligation. This study will use an online survey. Data will be selected and collected from respondents in Malaysia who age above 18 years old and use electronic products via purposive sampling method. Structural equation modelling (SEM) approach will be employed for data analysis and hypotheses testing. The findings of this review are significant to the government, organizations, electronic consumers and researchers that e-waste recycling can be enhanced using extended TPB. Keywords: Electronic waste (e-waste), Electronic Appliances, Recycling, Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

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Mohamad, Nur Shafeera, und Thoo Ai Chin. „Extend Theory of Planned Behavior for Recycling in Electronic Waste“. Journal of Research in Administrative Sciences 9, Nr. 2 (15.12.2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47609/jras2020v9i2p1.

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Electronic waste (e-waste) is generated at a rapid pace when there are millions of electronic appliances including mobile phones, televisions, computers, laptops, and tablets have very short time lifespans. In addition, e-waste is classified as any types of electric and electronic merchandises that have no value to consumers. Even though e-waste is known as trash, but it can be used as a secondary resource to decrease the number of hazardous contents that may harm the environment. Despite being thrown away,e-waste can be reused, resold, recovered, remanufactured, and recycled. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is used as an underpinning theory to examine the factors that influence consumer’s behaviour towards e-waste recycling in Malaysia. TPB is a classical theory to predict one’s beliefs and behaviour. The theory shows that attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control could explain an individual’s behavioural intentions and behaviours. However, TPB is insufficient to explain pro-environmental actions such as returning e-waste. Recycling behaviour involves external resources and expertise. Thus, this study extended the theory by incorporating other factors such as awareness of the environment consequences, perceived convenience, and moral obligation. This study will use an online survey. Data will be selected and collected from respondents in Malaysia who age above 18 years old and use electronic products via purposive sampling method. Structural equation modelling (SEM) approach will be employed for data analysis and hypotheses testing. The findings of this review are significant to the government, organizations, electronic consumers and researchers that e-waste recycling can be enhanced using extended TPB. Keywords: Electronic waste (e-waste), Electronic Appliances, Recycling, Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

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Korniłłowicz-Kowalska, Teresa, und Justyna Bohacz. „Biodegradation of keratin waste: Theory and practical aspects“. Waste Management 31, Nr. 8 (August 2011): 1689–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2011.03.024.

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14

Paramonova, Oksana, Vadim Bespalov, Oksana Gurova und Natalya Krivtsova. „Physical and energetic approach to providing solid wastes handling system with environmental safety“. MATEC Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817004014.

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Implementation features of the principal directions of municipal solid wastes handling system activity (territorial, climatic, economical and others) have stipulated the development of different concepts regarding to urban territories wastes handling, the most known of which are: Complex Waste Management, European Waste Management system (German dual system); «Zero Waste» concept. Each of the above mentioned concepts have got both advantages and disadvantages from ecological, economical, social, technological and organizational and legal points of view. From a perspective of the urban infrastructure environmental safety, an ecological aspect is the most interesting. That is why a new approach is being studied based on the principal points of the Theory of disperse systems sustainability which is called Physical and Energetic Description Concept of the Processes of Environmental Pollution and Restriction of Environmental Pollution with Municipal Solid Wastes. On the basis of the analysis of the municipal solid wastes handling concepts applied in the world and using the principal points of the theory of dispersed system sustainability, the results of the initial stage of the research regarding to studying and classifying municipal solid wastes properties parameters, their energetic parameters and sustainability have been represented by the authors. Herewith, the municipal solid wastes sustainability is considered as a resulting criterion characterizing municipal solid wastes behavior in the environment and allowing to control their behavior with the purpose of sustainability restriction and as a result decreasing the environmental pollution.

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Cai, Ping, Kun Wang, Song Tao Kong und Jie Li. „Application of Video Capture Theory in Municipal Solid Waste Classification“. Advanced Materials Research 908 (März 2014): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.908.408.

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According to disposal situation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in China, the method of video capture was used to identify MSW, and classify the recyclable waste and non-recyclable waste. Verifying experiments were carried on by Plastic bottles in MWS. The results showed that, proposed method can identify MSW accurately.

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Kubanza, Nzalalemba Serge, und Mulala Danny Simatele. „Solid Waste Management and Environmental Injustice in Poor Communities in Kinshasa: A Cultural theory and Systems Approach“. Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 8, Nr. 1 (29.01.2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v8i1.14288.

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This paper discusses injustice in solid waste management (SWM) and its impact on poor communities in Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It is argued that poor communities in Kinshasa tend to be the most affected by irregularities in solid waste collection and management. A divide between the rich and poor neighbourhoods is experienced in solid waste management engendering injustice in the city of Kinshasa. Using a qualitative and quantitative research methodology, it is suggested that the current governance systems for SWM in Kinshasa, is unfair by all the different ideas of fairness. In view of this, a cultural theory and systems approach are introduced to determine how actors (fatalist, hierarchist, individualist and egalitarian) influence the management of solid waste and how they are engagement can create environmental justice in SWM in Kinshasa. The paper provides that if the ideal form of urban SWM could be realised in Kinshasa, it should be called participatory resource recovery governance. An environmental policy tailored to very local circumstances-together with some financial support from the government public sector and private companies, and the deployment of social awareness campaigns designed to reduce the generation of “waste” at source (and to emphasise the economic resource value of the misnomer of “wastes”)-could succeed in shifting things towards participatory resource recovery governance. In it, all stakeholders would share equitably the responsibility of resource recovery and environmental protection, if not restoration.

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Chu, Amanda M. Y. „Illegal Waste Dumping under a Municipal Solid Waste Charging Scheme: Application of the Neutralization Theory“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 16 (18.08.2021): 9279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169279.

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Illegal waste dumping has become a threat to human health and the global environment. In Hong Kong, the government has proposed a quantity-based municipal solid waste charging scheme to reduce waste. However, individuals may still dispose of waste improperly, even if such a scheme has been implemented. In this study, the neutralization theory was adopted and an online survey with 273 respondents was conducted to examine the reasons for improper dumping intentions. A principal component analysis identified two types of neutralization: intrinsic neutralization (including denial of responsibility, denial of injury, and defense of necessity) and extrinsic neutralization (including condemnation of the condemners and appeal to higher loyalties). A regression analysis showed that intrinsic neutralization and gender were significant factors for illegal waste dumping intentions when attitude toward illegal waste dumping was controlled.

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Smilingytė, Ernesta, und Dovilė Šorytė. „Applying Value-Belief-Norm Theory to Investigate Students' Waste Prevention Behaviour“. Psichologija 63 (11.05.2021): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/psichol.2021.25.

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Even though the increasing amount of waste is one of the biggest environmental challenges we currently face, surprisingly little is known about the psychological factors of waste prevention behaviour. The purpose of the study is to examine whether students‘ waste prevention behaviour can be predicted by the Value-Belief-Norm theory. In this paper, we report results from a questionnaire study of 221 students aged from 18 to 26 years. It was found that the Value-Belief-Norm theory could indeed explain students‘ waste prevention behaviour. As expected, findings indicate that high endorsement of biospheric values is associated with a strong ecological worldview, which was related to an increased awareness of environmental consequences. Those beliefs led to stronger personal norms, which were associated with more frequent waste prevention behaviour. Understanding students‘ waste prevention behaviour and the factors predicting it is a key step that could help to reduce the amount of waste that is generated. It is particularly relevant among students because higher education environment could be an effective place to increase students‘ pro-environmental behaviour and connect this behaviour with their values, beliefs and norms.

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Wu, Jiang Lin, und Yan Bing Deng. „Construction Waste Recycling Technology Management Based on Circular Economic Theory“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 260-261 (Dezember 2012): 1009–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.260-261.1009.

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The article discussed mainly 3R principles of circular economy, and how to take use of 3R principles to manage construction waste. At last, gave some suggestions of managing construction waste, in order to exhort people to focus on reducing, reusing and recycling of construction waste.So,heighten people awareness of saving resources and protecting environment. On the other side, hope that these suggestions can provide scientific reference to government in managing construction waste.

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Ding, Zhikun, Mengjie Shi, Chen Lu, Zezhou Wu, Dan Chong und Wenyan Gong. „Predicting Renovation Waste Generation Based on Grey System Theory: A Case Study of Shenzhen“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 16 (10.08.2019): 4326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164326.

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With the rapid development of urbanization, more and more people are willing to improve their living conditions, thus substantial attention has been paid to residential renovation in China. As a result, large quantities of renovation waste are generated annually which seriously challenge sustainable urban development. To effectively manage renovation waste, accurate prediction of waste generation rates is a prerequisite. However, in the literature, few attempts have been made for predicting renovation waste as renovation activities vary significantly in different cases. This study offers an approach to estimate the amount of renovation waste based on the vacancy rate and renovation waste generation rates at a city level. The grey system theory was applied to predict the amount of renovation waste in Shenzhen. Results showed that the amount of renovation waste would reach 135,620 tons in 2023. The research findings can provide supportive information to relevant stakeholders for developing a renovation waste management framework.

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Xu, Jian Ling, und Lian Jin Hong. „Theoretical Basis and Research Frame Designing of Strategic Environmental Assessment for Municipal Waste Management System in China“. Advanced Materials Research 663 (Februar 2013): 970–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.970.

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It is important to study theoretical and practical significance on strategic environmental assessment of municipal waste management system. This paper analyzes the research situation of strategic environmental assessment in China and put forward the theoretical basis of strategic environmental assessment on municipal waste management system, including strategic theory, low-carbon theory, cyclic economy theory and sustainable development theory. In the theoretical views, strategic environmental assessment of municipal waste management policies, plans and programs system can be studied for a better and More sustainable management mode of household waste. At the same time, the article gives a research frame of strategic environmental assessment on municipal waste management system in China.

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Hirsch, Henry R. „The waste-product theory of aging: Cell division rate as a function of waste volume“. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 36, Nr. 1 (September 1986): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-6374(86)90142-9.

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Tian, Min, Bo Pu, Yini Chen und Zhian Zhu. „Consumer’s Waste Classification Intention in China: An Extended Theory of Planned Behavior Model“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 24 (07.12.2019): 6999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11246999.

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Although there have been a variety of studies on waste classification management, there are few studies on how governments can effectively publicize waste classification knowledge in order to enhance citizen participation. Government publicity may be the key to the effective implementation of waste classification management in China. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of government publicity, consumer attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and consumer knowledge on consumers’ willingness to classify waste in the process of waste management in China. The methodology used for the study included data collected from a survey conducted among citizens from four cities in China, the extended theory of planned behavior model and a moderating effect analyses using the statistical software Amos17.0 and SPSS 22.0, utilizing structural equation modeling, hierarchical regression, and the interpretation of the results. The results show that government publicity has a significant positive impact on consumer attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The positive effect of consumer attitudes and perceived behavioral control on waste classification intentions are significant. Consumer knowledge plays a significant role in moderating the effect of perceived behavioral control on waste classification intentions. The findings of this study are of great significance to government and public decision-making. The results strongly suggest that the government should vigorously publicize the knowledge of waste classification at the initial stage of implementation of waste classification. Furthermore, a detailed distinction between types of consumers and the role of personal values in the implementation of waste classification is considered as a direction of future research.

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Wang, Zhoujie, und Xuewang Dong. „Study on Tourists’ Waste Classification Behavior: An extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior model“. E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 04053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019404053.

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Garbage problem is becoming more and more prominent. The most effective solution to the waste problem is waste minimization, and waste classification is the prerequisite and basis for waste minimization. At present, the effectiveness of waste classification in tourist destinations is not satisfactory. It is crucial to improve the level of tourists’ participation in destinations. In this study, we investigated tourists in Shanghai from the perspective of the factors that influence tourists’ waste classification. A total of 249 questionnaires were distributed through the questionnaire method. 236 questionnaires were valid questionnaires. We tested the hypotheses using structural equation modeling. The results of the study showed that waste classification attitude has a significant positive effect on intention, subjective norm has a significant positive effect on attitude toward waste classification, moral norm has a significant positive effect on attitude, and perceived behavioral control is not significantly related to intention. Finally, depending to the analysis of the influence of different factors on tourists’ participation in waste classification in Shanghai. We suggest strategies to increase the level of Shanghai tourists’ waste classification. This is of great theoretical and practical significance in order to accelerate the development of waste separation in Shanghai and improve the urban ecological environment.

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Sun, Ren Jin, Hao Wang und Lu Meng. „Energy Consumption Optimization of Petrochemical Industry Chain Based on Circular Economy“. Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 2524–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2524.

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The petrochemical industry developed with huge energy consumption and industrial wastes discharge problems. This paper analysis and deals with these problems by using wastes comprehensive utilization model based on circular economy theory and provide suggestions on ways to improve the utilization efficiency of resources, energy and waste, give an optimization process designed as well as resource processing depth by empirical research.

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Pohjola, Veikko J., und Eva Pongrácz. „An approach to the formal theory of waste management“. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 35, Nr. 1-2 (April 2002): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-3449(01)00116-1.

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Taubes, G. „Nuclear Waste Disposal: Yucca Blowup Theory Bombs, Says Study“. Science 271, Nr. 5256 (22.03.1996): 1664a—1664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.271.5256.1664a.

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Kaushal, Rajendra Kumar, und Arvind K. Nema. „Game Theory–Based Multistakeholder Planning for Electronic Waste Management“. Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 17, Nr. 1 (Januar 2013): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hz.2153-5515.0000141.

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Maity, Swapan Kumar, Bidyut Kumar Bhattacharyya und B. Bhattacharyya. „Implementation of graph theory in municipal solid waste management“. International Journal of Environment and Waste Management 16, Nr. 3 (2015): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijewm.2015.073023.

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Hostovsky, Charles. „Integrating Planning Theory and Waste Management—an Annotated Bibliography“. Journal of Planning Literature 15, Nr. 2 (November 2000): 305–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08854120022093051.

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Teo, M. M. M., und M. Loosemore. „A theory of waste behaviour in the construction industry“. Construction Management and Economics 19, Nr. 7 (November 2001): 741–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01446190110067037.

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Issock Issock, Paul Blaise, Mornay Roberts-Lombard und Mercy Mpinganjira. „Understanding household waste separation in South Africa“. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 31, Nr. 3 (29.02.2020): 530–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-08-2019-0181.

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PurposeThe aim of this paper is to examine the motives behind the separation of household waste (or the lack of such separation) on the basis of the theory of interpersonal behaviour. The aim of this paper is to broaden and deepen the understanding of key determinants of household waste separation (or the lack of such separation). This study proposes a conceptual model based on the theory of interpersonal behaviour in combination with the focus theory of normative conduct.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative method was applied to investigate the views of 350 heads of households in the Johannesburg metropolitan area through an administered questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was employed to test the hypothesised structural relationships in the proposed model.FindingsThe results indicate that household waste separation intention is influenced by cognition of the consequences and by injunctive and personal normative pressures. Separation intention and past habits were found to have a direct influence on actual separation behaviour.Originality/valueWhile the theory of planned behaviour is ubiquitous in the recycling literature, this study presents a different, broader framework for a better understanding of the drivers of household waste separation. This is achieved by applying the theory of interpersonal behaviour in combination with the focus theory of normative conduct. The findings provide insights that could help municipalities in emerging markets to promote household waste separation for better management of the environment.

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Houghton, R. L. „The Waste Land Revisited“. Cambridge Quarterly XVIII, Nr. 1 (1989): 34–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/xviii.1.34.

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Onwuchekwa, Elendu, C., Anaele, C. C., Emeonye, O. P., Felix C. J., Ikechukwu-Okoroezi, J., Kanu, S. A. J., Ubaji, U. und Maduagwu Queen Chinyere. „Microbial load of healthcare wastes in Aba Metropolis, Abia State“. International Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice 3, Nr. 1 (30.04.2021): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijhmnp.557.

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Introduction: Healthcare waste is the total waste both solid and liquid from healthcare establishment and laboratories. A hospital produces waste by giving their services to the patients. Purpose: This study examined the microbial load of waste from selected healthcare facilities in Aba metropolis, Abia State. Methodology: Tenfold serial dilution was used for processing of all the samples. After the dilutions, exactly 0.5ml of each the sample was planted on the media using the spread plate method and evaluated using the standard microbiological techniques. Results: The viable count (TVC) ranged from 1.0×103cfu/g to 0.3×108cfu/g, coliform count (TCC) ranged from 0.4×102 cfu/g to 4.2×104 cfu/g, staphylococcal count (TSC) ranged from 1.0×101 cfu/g to 1.4×102 and fungal counts ranged from 2.0×102 cfu/g to 0.8×103cfu/g in the microbial count of various waste samples within the Aba metropolis, Abia State. The laboratory waste had the highest microbial counts, followed by the Out-patient department waste and the least was the pharmaceutical waste. The microorganisms isolated from the hospital wastes were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, A. Fumigatus, Candida albicans and among others. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This research has revealed that healthcare waste contained pathogens with high microbial load densities, suggesting that the hospital wastes may pose a major health and environmental threat, if not properly managed. The study recommends that, the government should ensure that there is a policy on hospital waste management in line with recommended international best practices, which should be monitored and enforced.

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Cammarelle, Antonella, Rosaria Viscecchia und Francesco Bimbo. „Intention to Purchase Active and Intelligent Packaging to Reduce Household Food Waste: Evidence from Italian Consumers“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 8 (17.04.2021): 4486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084486.

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Innovations in food packaging, such as active and intelligent ones, improve food safety and lower household food waste by extending product shelf life and providing information about food quality, respectively. The consumer adoption of such innovations could contribute to reaching one of the Sustainable Development Goals which calls for halving the per capita global food waste by 2030. Thus, this paper aims to investigate the consumers’ willingness to purchase active and intelligent packaging to reduce household food waste using a sample of 260 Italian consumers and a modified Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model. Using a structural equation model, findings show that respondents are more willing to purchase intelligent packaging rather than active packaging to reduce their wastes at home. Finally, attitudes, perceived behavioral control, awareness, and planning routines are the most important drivers of the intention to reduce household food waste.

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Ignatyeva, Margarita, Vera Yurak, Alexey Dushin, Vladimir Strovsky, Sergey Zavyalov, Alexander Malyshev und Polina Karimova. „How Far Away Are World Economies from Circularity: Assessing the Capacity of Circular Economy Policy Packages in the Operation of Raw Materials and Industrial Wastes“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 8 (15.04.2021): 4394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084394.

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Nowadays, circular economy (CE) is on the agenda, however, this concept of closed supply chains originated in the 1960s. The current growing quantity of studies in this area accounts for different discourses except the holistic one, which mixes both approaches—contextual and operating (contextual approach utilizes the thorough examination of the CE theory, stricture of the policy, etc.; the operating one uses any kind of statistical data)—to assess the capacity of circular economy regulatory policy packages (CERPP) in operating raw materials and industrial wastes. This article demonstrates new guidelines for assessing the degree level of capacity (DLC) of CERPPs in the operation of raw materials and industrial wastes by utilizing the apparatus of the fuzzy set theory. It scrupulously surveys current CERPPs in three regions: the EU overall, Finland and Russia; and assesses for eight regions—the EU overall, Finland, Russia, China, Greece, France, the Netherlands and South Korea—the DLC of CERPPs in operating raw materials and industrial wastes. The results show that EU is the best in CE policy and its CERPP is 3R. The following are South Korea and China with the same type of CERPP. Finland, France and the Netherlands have worse results than EU with the type of CERPP called “integrated waste management” because of the absence of a waste hierarchy (reduce, recover, recycle). Russia closes the list with the type of CERPP “basic waste management”.

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Gutberlet, Jutta, Jaan-Henrik Kain, Belinda Nyakinya, Michael Oloko, Patrik Zapata und María José Zapata Campos. „Bridging Weak Links of Solid Waste Management in Informal Settlements“. Journal of Environment & Development 26, Nr. 1 (05.10.2016): 106–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496516672263.

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Many cities in the global South suffer from vast inadequacies and deficiencies in their solid waste management. In the city of Kisumu in Kenya, waste management is fragmented and insufficient with most household waste remaining uncollected. Solid waste enters and leaves public space through an intricate web of connected, mostly informal, actions. This article scrutinizes waste management of informal settlements, based on the case of Kisumu, to identify weak links in waste management chains and find neighborhood responses to bridge these gaps. Systems theory and action net theory support our analysis to understand the actions, actors, and processes associated with waste and its management. We use qualitative data from fieldwork and hands on engagement in waste management in Kisumu. Our main conclusion is that new waste initiatives should build on existing waste management practices already being performed within informal settlements by waste scavengers, waste pickers, waste entrepreneurs, and community-based organizations.

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Sharma, Sudesh Raj, Mat Walton, Virginia Baker, Maria Hepi und Suzanne Manning. „Realist Review of Interventions Influencing Waste Management and Minimization Practices in New Zealand: Protocol and Initial Program Theory“. International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (01.01.2021): 160940692098145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406920981453.

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Background: The effects of waste on the environment and human health continue to increase despite behavioral, technological and policy actions for the management and minimization of waste. We plan to undertake a realist review of waste management and minimization interventions within New Zealand to inform effective approaches to waste minimization and management interventions. This protocol paper describes the steps of the realist review, including the objectives, theoretical frameworks and steps used. Methods: Realist review is a theory guided approach that seeks to understand the context-mechanism-outcome configuration of an intervention and generate insights on what works for whom, under what conditions and how. The protocol presents an integrated working theoretical framework comprising of three social theories (Social Learning Theory, Collective Action Theory and Social Practice theory), set within an indigenous Māori implementation framework, He Pikinga Waiora. The initial program theory generated from a first stage rapid review is presented. This initial program theory will be tested through a full literature review and analysis, as well as participatory sense making workshops with key stakeholders. Discussion: The review will help to generate insights on the generative causal mechanisms of waste minimization interventions in the context of New Zealand. This protocol emphasizes the initial program theory of change as a starting point for further review and design of improved interventions for waste minimization. Through identifying and testing the program theory, with insights from both indigenous and social practice theories, the proposed review will support the design of policies, programs and activities required to achieve the desired outcome of waste minimization in the context of New Zealand.

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Ghalehkhondabi, Iman, und Reza Maihami. „Sustainable municipal solid waste disposal supply chain analysis under price-sensitive demand: A game theory approach“. Waste Management & Research 38, Nr. 3 (21.11.2019): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19886650.

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The impacts of price and sustainability on municipal waste disposal demand have largely been ignored by waste management researchers. This paper considers a waste disposal supply chain that includes a disposal facility and a contractor. Both parties try to improve source sorting for waste collection to reduce the recycling cost at the disposal facility. Improving source sorting requires investment that would increase the price of the waste disposal service, thereby affecting the price-sensitive demand. The relationship between the service price and investments in waste sorting motives is analyzed in this paper via studying the trade-off between the optimal source sorting and the waste disposal service prices. Different scenarios based on the various players’ power structures are developed. Nash and Stackelberg games have been applied in order to find the optimal decision values in each scenario. The impact of cost sharing on optimal supply chain decisions is also studied. The numerical results show that the waste supply chain is more profitable when it is working under an integrated management structure. Moreover, reducing the required investment motivates supply chain players to select higher levels of waste sorting at the source. A numerical example is provided, followed by some managerial insights.

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Dilworth, Thomas. „Eliot's the Waste Land“. Explicator 61, Nr. 1 (Januar 2002): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940209597749.

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Elias, Camelia, und Bent Soerensen. „Eliot's the Waste Land“. Explicator 62, Nr. 2 (Januar 2004): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940409597190.

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Saha, P. K. „Eliot's the Waste Land“. Explicator 46, Nr. 3 (April 1988): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1988.9934724.

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Beagle, Donald. „Eliot's the Waste Land“. Explicator 47, Nr. 3 (April 1989): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1989.9933931.

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Singh, Sukhbir. „Eliot's the Waste Land“. Explicator 51, Nr. 1 (01.10.1992): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1992.9937972.

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Frazer, James H. „Eliot's the Waste Land“. Explicator 51, Nr. 3 (April 1993): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1993.9938019.

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Bolton, Matthew J. „Eliot's The Waste Land“. Explicator 66, Nr. 1 (September 2007): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/expl.66.1.25-29.

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van Dartel, Michel, und Anne Nigten. „The Value of Waste“. Leonardo 51, Nr. 2 (April 2018): 181–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01539.

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This paper argues that a first step in finding a sustainable solution for the pressing global issue of ‘waste’, is to consider waste a value attribution rather than a material condition. Doing so means a shift in focus from finding more efficient ways to ‘clean up the mess’ to changing the way in which value is attributed to things. The paper looks at a selection of recent literature on value systems to identify useful concepts and theory for a value-based solution to waste and proposes to probe such potential solutions through art and design.

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CARVER, BECI. „London as a waste of space in Eliot's The Waste Land“. Critical Quarterly 49, Nr. 4 (11.12.2007): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8705.2007.00800.x.

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Apinhapath, Chainarong. „Community Mapping and Theory of Planned Behavior as Study Tools for Solid Waste Management“. Journal of Waste Management 2014 (21.08.2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/934372.

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Many cities have encountered problems with uncollected solid waste. Separate disposal of recyclable waste is viewed as the most effective procedure in waste management. However, this requires the cooperation of the people in the community. Community mapping is the most effective tool for understanding a community but it does not address possible ways to change people’s behavior. The Theory of Planned Behavior was the basis for this study of recycling behavior as it offers methods for changing people’s habits. However, the theory does not provide guidance on how to facilitate the use of recycling bins in the community. Many recycling projects have been unsuccessfully implemented due to the fact that most people do not want waste bins placed near their houses. Therefore, both of these effective tools were combined in this study, which propose an effective implementation method for community solid waste management.

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Bormotov, Alelexei, und Ekaterina Kolobova. „Waste management system for petrochemical industries“. E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124401005.

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An oil refinery and the surrounding natural environment are pre-sented as complex technical systems, as objects of research and modeling. The principles and methods of systems analysis, the theory of mathematical modeling and mathematical statistics, and correlation-regression analysis were used for this. Methodological principles of modeling the interaction of petrochemical production waste with the environment are proposed. On the basis of the proposed principles, a hierarchy of criteria and a systematic analysis of the system “petrochemical production - natural environment” are carried out. As the coordinates of modeling and control, it is proposed to take a set of indicators of the ecological state of an object in the vector space of ecological perfection, which sets all of its ecological, technical and economic properties in a single range of values. The system «petrochemical production - natural environment» is presented as a structural and logical model of a waste management system, showing the properties of synergy and emergence. Proposed methodological approaches and mathematical models of the system «petrochemical production - wastes from oil refineries - natural environment» allow to correctly assess technological risks, the ef-fectiveness of the waste management system at petrochemical enterprises, the impact of unforeseen situations and accidents, the impact on the envi-ronment of waste from petrochemical enterprises, as well as the environ-mental and economic effect of the introduction of new technologies for oil refining and disposal of production waste.

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