Thematische Bibliographien / WAF Band

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „WAF Band“

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Veröffentlicht am 27. Juli 2024
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 29. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "WAF Band"

1

Eipper, Daniel T., Steven J. Greybush, George S. Young, Seth Saslo, Todd D. Sikora und Richard D. Clark. „Lake-Effect Snowbands in Baroclinic Environments“. Weather and Forecasting 34, Nr. 6 (17.10.2019): 1657–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-18-0191.1.

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Abstract Lake-effect snowstorms are often observed to manifest as dominant bands, commonly produce heavy localized snowfall, and may extend large distances inland, resulting in hazards and high societal impact. Some studies of dominant bands have documented concomitant environmental baroclinity (i.e., baroclinity occurring at a scale larger than the width of the parent lake), but the interaction of this baroclinity with the inland structure of dominant bands has been largely unexplored. In this study, the thermodynamic environment and thermodynamic and kinematic structure of simulated dominant bands are examined using WRF reanalyses at 3-km horizontal resolution and an innovative technique for selecting the most representative member from the WRF ensemble. Three reanalysis periods are selected from the Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems (OWLeS) field campaign, encompassing 185 simulation hours, including 155 h in which dominant bands are identified. Environmental baroclinity is commonly observed during dominant-band periods and occurs in both the north–south and east–west directions. Sources of this baroclinity are identified and discussed. In addition, case studies are conducted for simulation hours featuring weak and strong along-band environmental baroclinity, resulting in weak and strong inland extent, respectively. These contrasting cases offer insight into one mechanism by which along-band environmental baroclinity can influence the inland structure and intensity of dominant bands: in the case with strong environmental baroclinity, inland portions of this band formed under weak instability and therefore exhibit slow overturning, enabling advection far inland under strong winds, whereas the nearshore portion forms under strong instability, and the enhanced overturning eventually leads to the demise of the inland portion of the band.
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2

Connelly, Ryan, und Brian A. Colle. „Validation of Snow Multibands in the Comma Head of an Extratropical Cyclone Using a 40-Member Ensemble“. Weather and Forecasting 34, Nr. 5 (11.09.2019): 1343–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-18-0182.1.

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Abstract This paper investigates the ability of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model in simulating multiple small-scale precipitation bands (multibands) within the extratropical cyclone comma head using four winter storm cases from 2014 to 2017. Using the model output, some physical processes are explored to investigate band prediction. A 40-member WRF ensemble was constructed down to 2-km grid spacing over the Northeast United States using different physics, stochastic physics perturbations, different initial/boundary conditions from the first five perturbed members of the Global Forecast System (GFS) Ensemble Reforecast (GEFSR), and a stochastic kinetic energy backscatter scheme (SKEBS). It was found that 2-km grid spacing is adequate to resolve most snowbands. A feature-based verification is applied to hourly WRF reflectivity fields from each ensemble member and the WSR-88D radar reflectivity at 2-km height above sea level. The Method for Object-Based Diagnostic Evaluation (MODE) tool is used for identifying multibands, which are defined as two or more bands that are 5–20 km in width and that also exhibit a >2:1 aspect ratio. The WRF underpredicts the number of multibands and has a slight eastward position bias. There is no significant difference in frontogenetical forcing, vertical stability, moisture, and vertical shear between the banded versus nonbanded members. Underpredicted band members tend to have slightly stronger frontogenesis than observed, which may be consolidating the bands, but overall there is no clear linkage in ambient condition errors and band errors, thus leaving the source for the band underprediction motivation for future work.
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Jurewicz, Michael L., und Michael S. Evans. „A Comparison of Two Banded, Heavy Snowstorms with Very Different Synoptic Settings“. Weather and Forecasting 19, Nr. 6 (01.12.2004): 1011–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-823.1.

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Abstract Two banded, heavy snowstorms that occurred over the northern mid-Atlantic region are compared and contrasted. On 6–7 January 2002, a narrow, intense band of heavy snow was observed, along with several other weaker bands, embedded within a large area of moderate snow. On 19–20 January 2002, a single, broader band of heavy snow was observed, embedded within a broken area of light snow. The synoptic-scale settings associated with these two storms were strikingly dissimilar. In the first case, strong quasigeostrophic (QG) forcing for ascent was present just to the south of the heavy snowfall area. A highly amplified longwave trough was located over the Mississippi River valley, while a compact shortwave trough moved northward, up the east side of the longwave trough. The result was robust cyclogenesis off of the mid-Atlantic coast. In the second case, the relatively weaker QG forcing for ascent was located much farther southwest of the snowband. The flow aloft was much less amplified, with weaker cyclogenesis occurring off of the mid-Atlantic coast. Analysis of the frontal scale environments for both cases indicated that the snowbands were each associated with the collocation of midtropospheric frontogenesis and reduced stability. In the first case, evidence is shown that a layer of potential symmetric instability (PSI) was located just above a deep, sloping zone of frontogenesis, in the presence of deep near-saturated conditions. In the second case, evidence is shown that a layer of potential instability (PI), associated with rapidly decreasing relative humidity with height, was located just above a shallow, sloping zone of frontogenesis. In addition, it is shown that a particularly favorable thermal environment for snowflake growth and accumulation became collocated with the heavy snowband. It is hypothesized that the differences in the intensity and horizontal extent of the bands observed with these two events resulted from differing atmospheric responses associated with the areal extent of large-scale and frontogenetical forcing, moisture availability, degree of instability, and specific thermal profiles.
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4

Eipper, Daniel T., George S. Young, Steven J. Greybush, Seth Saslo, Todd D. Sikora und Richard D. Clark. „Predicting the Inland Penetration of Long-Lake-Axis-Parallel Snowbands“. Weather and Forecasting 33, Nr. 5 (01.10.2018): 1435–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-18-0033.1.

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Abstract Predicting the inland penetration of lake-effect long-lake-axis-parallel (LLAP) snowbands is crucial to public safety because LLAP bands can produce hazardous weather well downwind of the parent lake. Accordingly, hypotheses for the variation in inland penetration of LLAP-band radar echoes (InPen) are formulated and tested. The hypothesis testing includes an examination of statistical relationships between environmental variables and InPen for 34 snapshots of LLAP bands observed during the Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems (OWLeS) field campaign. Several previously proposed predictors of LLAP-band formation or InPen demonstrate weak correlations with InPen during OWLeS. A notable exception is convective boundary layer (CBL) depth, which is strongly correlated with InPen. In addition to CBL depth, InPen is strongly correlated with cold-air advection in the upper portion of the CBL, suggesting that boundary layer destabilization produced by vertically differential cold-air advection may be an important inland power source for preexisting LLAP bands. This power production is quantified through atmospheric energetics and the resulting variable, differential thermal advection power (DTAP), yields reasonably skillful predictions of InPen. Nevertheless, an InPen model developed using DTAP is outperformed by an empirical model combining CBL depth and potential temperature advection in the upper portion of the CBL. This two-variable model explains 76% of the observed InPen variance when tested on independent data. Finally, implications for operational forecasting of InPen are discussed.
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5

Radford, Jacob T., Gary M. Lackmann und Martin A. Baxter. „An Evaluation of Snowband Predictability in the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh“. Weather and Forecasting 34, Nr. 5 (01.10.2019): 1477–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0089.1.

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Abstract Narrow regions of intense, banded snowfall present hazardous travel conditions due to rapid onset, high precipitation rates, and lowered visibility. Despite their importance, there are few verification studies of snowbands in operational forecast models. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model to predict snowbands in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. An automated band-detection algorithm was applied to a 3-yr period of simulated and observed radar reflectivity to compare snowband climatologies. This algorithm uses the distributions of reflectivities in contiguous precipitation regions to determine a band intensity threshold. The predictability of snowbands on a case-by-case basis was also evaluated using an object-oriented approach. The distribution of HRRR forecast banding resembles that of the observations, but with a significant positive frequency bias. This may partially be due to underrepresentation of observed bands in our verification dataset due to limited radar coverage in portions of the central United States. On a case-by-case basis, traditional skill metrics indicate limited predictability, but allowing for small timing discrepancies dramatically improves scores. Object-oriented verification yields mixed results, with 30% of forecasts receiving a score indicative of a well-predicted event. However, 69% of cases have at least one forecast lead demonstrating skill, suggesting the HRRR is successful in depicting environments conducive to band formation. These results suggest adopting a probabilistic, ensemble approach, and indicate that the deterministic HRRR is best suited for the identification of regions of elevated snowband risk and not precise timing or location information.
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Moore, James T., Charles E. Graves, Sam Ng und Jamie L. Smith. „A Process-Oriented Methodology Toward Understanding the Organization of an Extensive Mesoscale Snowband: A Diagnostic Case Study of 4–5 December 1999“. Weather and Forecasting 20, Nr. 1 (01.02.2005): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-829.1.

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Abstract A case study of a long, narrow band of heavy snowfall is presented that illustrates those processes that force and focus the precipitation in a unique linear fashion. System-relative flow on isentropic surfaces shows how the trough of warm air aloft (trowal) formed to the north-northwest of a weak synoptic-scale surface cyclone. To the north of the trowal, midtropospheric frontogenesis formed as the warm, moist, high-θe air in the trowal canyon became confluent with cold, dry air to the northwest of a closed midlevel circulation. Within the trowal airstream, isentropic uplsope is shown to contribute to vertical motion, while transverse to this flow, mesoscale lift is enhanced on the warm side of a frontogenetical zone in the presence of weak symmetric stability and conditional symmetric instability. Further, it is shown that a sloping zone of small positive to negative equivalent potential vorticity forms to the southeast of the midtropospheric system-relative closed circulation as low-θe air associated with the dry conveyor belt, seen in water vapor imagery, overruns warm, moist high-θe air associated with the warm conveyor belt. In this way cold season instability forms due to differential moisture advection on the warm side of the frontogenesis axis. Finally, a conceptual model is shown that encapsulates the key processes that contributed to the extensive, narrow band of heavy snow in the presence of a weak synoptic-scale surface cyclone.
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7

Mahale, Vivek N., Jerald A. Brotzge und Howard B. Bluestein. „The Advantages of a Mixed-Band Radar Network for Severe Weather Operations: A Case Study of 13 May 2009“. Weather and Forecasting 29, Nr. 1 (01.02.2014): 78–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-13-00024.1.

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Abstract Adding a mix of X- or C-band radars to the current Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) network could address several limitations of the network, including improvements to spatial gaps in low-level coverage and temporal sampling of volume scans. These limitations can result in missing critical information in highly dynamic events, such as tornadoes and severe straight-line wind episodes. To evaluate the potential value of a mixed-band radar network for severe weather operations, a case study is examined using data from X- and S-band radars. On 13 May 2009, a thunderstorm complex associated with a cold front moved southward into southwest Oklahoma. A tornado rapidly developed from an embedded supercell within the complex. The life cycle of the tornado and subsequent wind event was sampled by the experimental Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA) radar testbed of four X-band radars as well as two operational WSR-88Ds. In this study, the advantages of a mixed-band radar network are demonstrated through a chronological analysis of the event. The two radar networks provided enhanced overall situational awareness. Data from the WSR-88Ds provided 1) clear-air sensitivity, 2) a broad overview of the storm complex, 3) a large maximum unambiguous range, and 4) upper-level scans up to 19.5°. Data from the CASA radars provided 1) high-temporal, 1-min updates; 2) overlapping coverage for dual-Doppler analysis; and 3) dense low-level coverage. The combined system allowed for detailed, dual- and single-Doppler observations of a wind surge, a mesocyclone contraction, and a downburst.
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8

Kenyon, Jaymes S., Daniel Keyser, Lance F. Bosart und Michael S. Evans. „The Motion of Mesoscale Snowbands in Northeast U.S. Winter Storms“. Weather and Forecasting 35, Nr. 1 (13.01.2020): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0038.1.

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Abstract The spatial distribution of snowfall accumulation accompanying winter storms is a product of both snowfall rate and duration. Winter storms are commonly associated with mesoscale snowbands that can strongly modulate snowfall accumulation. Although the development of mesoscale snowbands can usually be anticipated, snowband residence time at a fixed location is often a forecasting challenge. However, given that snowband residence time is related to characteristics of band motion, an improved understanding of band motion presents an opportunity to improve snowfall-accumulation forecasts. This study investigates environmental features associated with specific snowband motion characteristics. Using radar reflectivity data, snowband events in the northeast United States spanning a 6-yr period are categorized according to a band-motion classification scheme, with this scheme consisting of laterally translating, hybrid, laterally quasi-stationary, and pivoting snowbands. On the basis of this classification, composite analysis is performed to identify common environmental features associated with particular band-motion categories. Results indicate that snowband motion is related to cyclone-relative band position, the confluence/diffluence and curvature of midlevel streamlines, and the distribution of horizontal temperature advection. Snowband motion is also related to hodograph shape, as well as to the across- and along-isotherm components of the Q vector. Composite results are supplemented with case studies, which suggest that laterally quasi-stationary and pivoting snowbands can favor distinct gradients in snowfall accumulation. The present study proposes that snowband motion warrants consideration during the forecasting process and, to that end, conceptual models are presented to synthesize key findings for operational application.
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Novak, David R., und Brian A. Colle. „Diagnosing Snowband Predictability Using a Multimodel Ensemble System“. Weather and Forecasting 27, Nr. 3 (01.06.2012): 565–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-11-00047.1.

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Abstract The forecast uncertainty of mesoscale snowband formation and evolution is compared using predictions from a 16-member multimodel ensemble at 12-km grid spacing for the 25 December 2002, 12 February 2006, and 14 February 2007 northeast U.S. snowstorms. Using these predictions, the case-to-case variability in the predictability of band formation and evolution is demonstrated. Feature-based uncertainty information is also presented as an example of what may be operationally feasible from postprocessing information from future short-range ensemble forecast systems. Additionally, the initial condition sensitivity of band location in each case is explored by contrasting the forecast evolutions of initial condition members with large differences in snowband positions. Considerable uncertainty in the occurrence, and especially timing and location, of band formation and subsequent evolution was found, even at forecast projections <24 h. The ensemble provided quantitative mesoscale band uncertainty information, and differentiated between high-predictability (14 February 2007) and low-predictability (12 February 2006) cases. Among the three cases, large (small) initial differences in the upper-level PV distribution and surface mean sea level pressure of the incipient cyclone were associated with large (small) differences in forecast snowband locations, suggesting that case-to-case differences in predictability may be related to the quality of the initial conditions. The complexity of the initial flow may also be a discriminator. Error growth was evident in each case, consistent with previous mesoscale predictability research, but predictability differences were not correlated to the degree of convection. Discussion of these results and future extensions of the work are presented.
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He, Guangxin, Gang Li, Xiaolei Zou und Peter Sawin Ray. „Applications of a Velocity Dealiasing Scheme to Data from the China New Generation Weather Radar System (CINRAD)“. Weather and Forecasting 27, Nr. 1 (01.02.2012): 218–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-11-00054.1.

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Abstract An improved velocity dealiasing algorithm is developed as an extension of the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) dealiasing algorithm. The algorithm described in this paper is evaluated on selected China Next Generation Weather Radar (CINRAD) S-band radar radial velocity observations. This algorithm includes four modules for removing weak signals and determining the starting radial as a prelude to identifying and correcting aliased velocities. The proposed dealiasing algorithm was tested on 14 different weather systems, composed of typhoons, squall lines, and heavy rains. The results show that the algorithm is robust and stable for dealiasing S-band CINRAD radial velocity measurements. The performance levels for the typhoon and heavy rain cases are slightly better than for squall-line cases.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "WAF Band"

1

Shepard, Steven B. „ABDA : unsuccessful band of brothers /“. Fort Leavenworth, KS: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 2003. http://cgsc.cdmhost.com/u?/p4013coll2,115.

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Афанасьєва, Ольга Борисівна, Ольга Борисовна Афанасьева und Olha Borysivna Afanasieva. „Establishment of bad- and bridge-banks as an effective way of bank non-performing asset management in Ukraine“. Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63819.

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Crawford, Joel M. „Performance Practice of Brass Band Music of the American Civil War: A Perspective from Saxton's Cornet Band“. UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/53.

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This project examines source materials, methods, and instruments required for creating an informed period performance of military brass band music from the American Civil War. The rapid development of brass bands in America combined with the volatility of the war meant that much of the development of these styles were not formally documented. To compound this problem an instrumentalist trained on modern instruments who plays on an instrument from the period will produce a sound highly colored and influenced by their sound concept on a modern instrument. Experience with the instrument and attention to their idiosyncrasies will offer the closest possible sound to bands in the Civil War era. This project examines primary musical sources as well as considerations on how to properly approach a period performance of brass band music of this era. Central to this examination is the author's training and experience as a member of the Civil War period performance ensemble Saxton's Cornet Band.
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Burgess, Stuart Clyde. „Development studies of a new one-way clutch mechanism“. Thesis, Brunel University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235911.

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5

Musteric, Steven A., und Nathan King. „Tri-Service C-Band Roadmap Study (TSCRS) Findings and Way Ahead“. International Foundation for Telemetering, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/577492.

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ITC/USA 2014 Conference Proceedings / The Fiftieth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 20-23, 2014 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CA
The purpose of the Tri-Service C-Band Roadmap Study (TSCRS) is to identify technology gaps and shortfalls associated with aeronautical mobile telemetry operations utilizing the 4400 to 5150MHz frequency band (C-Band). The goal of this study is to provide the information needed by the military services to generate an investment strategy to develop C-Band telemetry capabilities. This paper discusses TSCRS findings. Specifically, C-Band telemetry "gaps" related to operations on ground stations and in test articles are covered. The paper addresses key C-Band telemetry challenges across mission domains and provides a quick look at the DoD investment strategy for maturing technologies relative to these challenges.
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Lewis, Joseph M. Jr. „The Development of Civil War Brass Band Instruments into Modern-Day Brass Band Instruments with a Related Teaching Unit For a High School General Music Course“. Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1431035985.

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Bademci, Emine. „World Bank&#039“. Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609289/index.pdf.

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This study aims to understand and explain World Bank&rsquo
s changing approach to poverty since 1990. Established as a development institution and as one of the leading members of development community, the World Bank has nearly turned out to be a poverty alleviation institution especially from late 1990s on. This change is a reflection of a process in which the Bank shapes its approach to poverty not only in accordance with its own goals but also in the framework of what happens in wider social, economic and political spheres of which the Bank is a part as a subject that both shapes and is shaped by them to a certain extent. Consequently, a remarkable change is observed in the Bank&rsquo
s approach, and this process of change is investigated in this study in two sub-periods that are characterized by ruptures in continuity. The first period more or less between 1990 and 1997 is characterized by the Bank&rsquo
s neoliberal approach to poverty, which mainly assumes poverty as a complementary element of structural adjustment programs in countries they are implemented. The second period from 1997 up to present is characterized, on the other hand, by a &ldquo
third way&rdquo
approach to poverty which mainly assumes poverty-as-social-exclusion as an indispensable central element of a renewed hegemonic project. In this study, the traces of these ruptures and the continuity in the Bank&rsquo
s approach are followed through their reflections on Turkey by making a close reading of the Bank&rsquo
s documents about poverty in Turkey.
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Wimmer, Ryan Elwood. „The Walker War Reconsidered“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2461.

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In July of 1853, Chief Wakara's band of Utes clashed in a series of violent confrontations with the Mormon settlers. This conflict is known as the Walker War. Many complex factors contributed to this war. After some earlier violence between Mormons and different bands of Utes between 1847 and 1851, the Mormons continued their quick expansion settling on Ute lands. From 1851 to 1853 Mormon and Ute relations continued to decline as Mormons expanded their settlements occupying Ute hunting grounds. In addition to these land encroachments, new laws were enacted regulating trade between the Spanish and Utes by Brigham Young. The most notable regulation on trade prohibited the Spanish and Ute slave trade. All these trade regulations hurt the Ute economy, particularly the most powerful equestrian Ute band, the Cheverets led by Chief Wakara. In the spring of 1853 Governor Brigham Young ordered out the state militia to arrest Mexican traders and to capture Wakara for engaging in the slave trade. Wakara had previously established a friendly relationship with Young and had invited the Mormons to settle his lands in Sanpete. Wakara had become committed to peaceful relations and cooperation with Young and the Mormon people. Wakara remained true to his desire for friendly relations even after seeing his economic status undermined by Mormon settlers. Young as well was committed to staying on peaceful terms with the Utes. Their followers, on the other hand, had difficulties overcoming the cultural divide. After the murder of a member of Wakara's band in July of 1853 by settler James Ivie, Wakara's band waged a series of raids against Mormon settlements. Wakara himself, however, was not involved in the war and continually tried to sue for peace. The war has been mislabeled with Wakara's name; he was not really involved in the violence. Yet it was indeed a war. The war had a great impact on the Mormon settlers. Settlers abandoned their homes and had to move into forts. For the Mormons involved, this conflict was neither small nor inconsequential; it was a major disruption involving a great portion of the Utah Territory.
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Behrens, Monika Art College of Fine Arts UNSW. „Silent bang“. Publisher:University of New South Wales. Art, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42557.

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The research project uses still life as a means of exploring current events of violence and oppression. These events are represented through juxtaposing plastic toys with organic objects. The toys include a range of popular generic toys such as army men, cowboys and Indians and toy soldiers. The organic objects were selected for their relationship to the specific event being represented. The toys and organic objects were positioned to create interesting and logical compositions. Themes of the series include opposing objects and ideas pitched against each other such as plastic/organic, perpetrator/victim, violence/peacefulness and destruction/sustenance. Within each work the plastic toys take on the demeanor of the tyrant(s), whereas the organic objects adopt the role of the victim(s). The research project uses these themes to convey the message that violence is both a barbaric way of dealing with conflict and a senseless form of self-expression. I have used symbols and metaphors to build a visual language. For the language to be translated accurately a great deal of research has taken place into the appropriate still life objects for each work. Each work incorporates metaphors and or symbols for both the oppressor and victim within the event being represented. The studio outcome of this research project, Silent Bang, includes a series of highly detailed finished paintings of various scales. Silent Bang as a body of work is colourful and aims to be aesthetically pleasing in addition to conveying a powerful message that incites interpretation.
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10

Naqvi, Iman. „The War on Tobacco: The Impact of Advertising Bans on Tobacco Consumption“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/732.

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ABSTRACT This study provides an empirical analysis of the effect of tobacco marketing regulation on unit sales, in order to evaluate the effectiveness these laws in the United States. The analysis did not find a significant effect of tobacco advertising expenditure on unit sales. Examination of advertising expenditure revealed that tobacco companies substituted banned forms of advertising for other marketing strategies, leading to little reduction in total advertising expenditure and a limited effect on sales. Furthermore, it found an unexpected positive relationship between the 1971 Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act and tobacco consumption; the ban on advertising and promotion actually increased sales by over 88 billion units. Additional empirical evidence is provided from studies performed by Fight Ordinances and Restrictions to Control and Eliminate Smoking (FORCES) and Saffer and Chaloupka that show correspondingly inconclusive results. The paper then discusses several policy implications and subsequent recommendations that follow from these results.
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Bücher zum Thema "WAF Band"

1

Johnson, Dixie L. The U.S. WAF Band story. Springfield, Va.?: [s.n.], 2004.

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2

Sima, Nigahat. Baad-e-Wafa. Karachi: Khwatin Digest, 2003.

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3

Warren, Robert Penn. Band of angels. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1994.

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4

Goodwin, Rosie. A band of steel. Long Preston: Magna, 2012.

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5

Forstchen, William R. A band of brothers. New York: Penguin Group, 1999.

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6

Céline, Louis-Ferdinand. London Bridge: Guignol's Band II. Normal, Ill: Dalkey Archive Press, 1995.

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7

Gregson, Julia. Band of angels: A novel. New York: Touchstone, 2010.

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8

McDonald, Walter. A band of brothers: Stories from Vietnam. Lubbock, Tex: Texas Tech University Press, 1989.

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9

Gregson, Julia. Band of angels: A novel. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2010.

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Linpo, Li. Tai wan wen xue wai yi shu mu ti yao (1990-2012): Bibliographical synopses of translated Taiwan literature (1990-2012). Tai nan shi: Guo li tai wan wen xue guan, 2013.

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Buchteile zum Thema "WAF Band"

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Stubhaug, Arild. „Arbeiten am laufenden Band“. In Es war die Kühnheit meiner Gedanken, 267–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55795-8_17.

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Zhou, Li, Tianqi Zhang und Yanyun Luo. „Energy Spatial Distribution of Structure Noise Radiated from U-beam Slabs“. In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 565–77. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2532-2_48.

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AbstractAt present, the application of U-beams in urban rail transit is gradually increasing, but researches about the bridge structural noise are still insufficient. This article took U-type girder as the research object and studied the structural noise distribution on the basis of energies in different frequency band. Firstly, the dynamic response of the bridge under vehicle load was acquired with the combination of finite element simulation method and field test. Secondly, the structure-acoustic coupling finite element-infinite element model of the U-beam was established, and noise fields of the whole U-beam, the floor and the wing slabs were calculated respectively. By calculating the energies contribution of the sound field point in different frequency bands, the spatial distribution of the radiation noise of the floor and the wing slab in the above frequency bands were obtained. The results show that in the frequency range of 20–200 Hz and the main frequency band (40– 63 Hz), the floor plays a major role in most areas of the whole noise field, and the main influence domain of wing slabs is located in the sector area around wing slabs. In the frequency range of 100–160 Hz, the floor mainly contributes to the acoustic energy of the sector region above and below the U-beam.
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Schwarzer, Norbert. „The Big Bang Bomb“. In Quantum Gravity War, 169–78. New York: Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032710709-10.

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Bien, Walter, und Richard Rathgeber. „Was ist Familiensozialberichterstattung? Einführung in diesen Band“. In Die Familie in der Sozialberichterstattung, 9–15. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09701-3_1.

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Weber, Werner, Jörg Bünemann und Florian Gebhard. „On the Way to a Gutzwiller Density Functional Theory“. In Band-Ferromagnetism, 9–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44610-9_2.

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Robredo, I., B. A. Bernevig und Juan L. Mañes. „Band Theory Without Any Hamiltonians or “The Way Band Theory Should Be Taught”“. In Topological Matter, 1–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76388-0_1.

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Chávez, Xóchitl C. „Booming Bandas of Los Ángeles“. In Tide Was Always High. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520294394.003.0015.

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The author's work with Oaxacan communities has drawn attention to Zapotec women musicians within this traditionally male-dominated musical practice. Although women have become more visible in brass bands, they are usually not revered as equal members of the band, even in cases where women have formal education and training. Taking seriously Sherrie Tucker's call for “engaged listening” of women musicians, this chapter focuses on Zapotec migrant women's experiences as musicians to address the formation of brass bands and the ways they negotiate the challenges they encounter in brass bands. It is through their localized articulations, voiced or played, that women establish a dialogue across the region of Oaxacalifornia.
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Pearson, David. „Whose Rebellion was Punk in the 1990s?“ In Rebel Music in the Triumphant Empire, 133–70. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197534885.003.0005.

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While punk in the United States is often associated with white, male, suburban youth, the 1990s witnessed a dramatic increase in the vocal participation of women and Latinos in US punk bands. The all-Latino, Spanish-language band Los Crudos built a punk scene in the Chicago majority-Mexican neighborhood of Pilsen and went on to captivate the punk scene in the United States and internationally with their ferocious hardcore punk music and unapologetic assertion of Latino identity. The all-women band Spitboy as well as bands with women vocalists such as Anti-Product challenged patriarchy inside and outside the punk scene and fused the anger and energy of punk music with their own experiences of oppression and empowerment. The increasing and assertive participation of Latinos, women, and LGBTQ people in US punk generated responses ranging from supportive to hostile and sparked debate over the ideals and realties of punk values of unity and equality.
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Crow, Bill. „Cutting Contests“. In Jazz Anecdotes, 99–109. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195187953.003.0013.

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Abstract Musical rivalry has existed ever since there first were two musicians who played the same instrument. In the early days of jazz, where ensemble playing was the game, rivalry existed mainly between bands. Baby Dodds describes an early form of competition in New Orleans: Sometimes the groups would have several bands in a parade. Then the main band had to start first and finish last and all the other bands had to go through this leading band at the end of the parade. Of course the head band would always be the best. And it was one of the most exciting things I ever did to play music and go through another band that was playing. The main band was lined up on both sides and we had to go between them and keep playing. I remember the first time it happened. My snare drum was a four-inch drum, and this fellow had a six-inch snare drum. When we got going through I couldn’t hear my drumming anymore so I didn’t know what I was doing. And I picked up with the other drummer who was playing six-eight in contrast to the two-four time we had been playing.
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Hobson, Vic. „“I Was Singing Selling Coal”“. In Creating the Jazz Solo, 55–70. University Press of Mississippi, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496819772.003.0008.

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This chapter explores the contradictions raise by Armstrong’s unpublished last autobiography and what this tells us about Armstrong’s development as a musician.In this revised account, Armstrong claimed to have been playing the cornet from the age of 7 years old having borrowed the money from the Karnofsky Family. This account cannot be substantiated in historical terms or in Armstrong’s other recollections of his development as a musician. This chapter also discusses when Armstrong first owned a cornet and when he began playing at Henry Matranga’s bar and with New Orleans bands including the Tuxedo band and “Kid” Ory. Ory along with clarinettist Johnny Dodds and his brother “Baby” Dodds, all started out singing in informal quartets. This chapter also discusses King Oliver leaving for Chicago and Armstrong taking his place in Ory’s band.
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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "WAF Band"

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Breton, J., J. L. Martin, A. Migus, A. Antonetti und A. Orszag. „Femtosecond Spectroscopy of Excitation Energy Transfer and Initial Charge Separation in the Reaction Center of the Photosynthetic Bacterium Rhodopsodomonas sphaeroides“. In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1986.wa3.

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The initial separation of electric charges, which constitutes the key process of photosynthesis, occurs in a transmembrane chlorophyllprotein complex named the reaction center. Reaction centers from photosynthetic bacteria can be isolated in a functionally intact state and contain three polypeptides, four bacteriochlorophylls, two bacteriopheophytins and at least one quinone (QA). the case of the reaction center from Rps. sphaeroides R-26, the main absorption bands of the pigments are located at 865, 800, 760, 600 and 540 nm. The 865-nm band, which bleaches upon (photo)oxidation of the reaction center, is ascribed to the primary donor (P), a dimer of bacteriochlorophyll. The 800-nm band is assigned to the QY transition of the two other "accessory" bacteriochlorophylls (B) while the 600-nm band corresponds to the QX transition of all four bacteriochlorophylls. The 760 and 540-nm bands are attributed to the QY and QX transitions of the two bacteriopheophytins (H), respectively. The X-ray structure of the reaction center from a related bacterium (Rps. viridis) shows that the two bacteriochlorophylls constituting P, the two B and the two H molecules are organized with C2 symmetry, thus defining two "branches" of pigments extending from P, with only one of them directed towards QA. We will denote BA and HA the B and H molecules associated with the latter branch.
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Fister, Julius C., und Joel M. Harris. „Multichannel Time-Resolved Raman Spectroscopy for Photophysical and Photochemical Studies“. In Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laca.1994.wa.5.

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CCD-detected Raman spectroscopy has been used to study intermediates and nanosecond kinetics in photoinitiated reactions. Multidimensional analysis techniques are used to isolate spectra of individual transient species from those of ground state initiators, photoproducts, reactants and solvent (Fig 1). These methods address several challenges facing Raman analysis of chemical reactions. Overlap in spectra of complex mixtures complicates band assignment and intensity analysis. Raman bands of transient species created in photoinitiated reactions may be difficult to separate from other bands. Multidimensional analysis allows bands to be resolved from spectra in which background subtraction is not feasible. Furthermore, kinetic and spectral information may be simultaneously extracted from the data.
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Villeneuve, Pierre R., Andre Reid und Michel Piche. „Photonic band structures in 2-D periodic media“. In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.mq4.

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The existence of photonic band gaps in periodic dielectric structures has been the subject of many recent investigations.1,2 The band structure in any periodic media can be computed from an exact solution of Maxwell’s equations. In this paper, we investigate the band structure in 2-D periodic media. Several periodic structures are considered in order to find one for which propagation would be forbidden in the plane of the modulation. We consider arrays of rods with square cross-sections and 2-D grids. We predict band gaps for TE and TM modes. The width of the bands is a function of the index contrast and the occupation fraction of each material in the structure. In arrays of rods (grids), the minimum index contrast required to produce a TE band gap is larger (smaller) than the one required to produce a TM band gap. In all the structures that we investigated, the minimum index contrast required to produce a TM gap was not very sensitive to the filling fraction. Furthermore, there was no overlap of TE and TM bands in any of the structures, hence there were no complete band gaps. Other periodic structures with a more circle like Brillouin zone will be considered, taking into consideration that the symmetry of the atom in the lattice may induce band degeneracy.
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Suzuki, Kazunori, Yasuo Kimura und Masataka Nakazawa. „High-Gain Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Pumped by 820 nm GaAlAs Laser Diodes“. In Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oaa.1990.mb4.

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Er3+-doped fiber amplifiers are very useful for optical communication systems because of their characteristics of high gain, low noise, polarization insensitivity, and high saturation output.1,2 There are many pump-bands for Er3+-doped fibers, and in particular the 0.83,4, 0.985,6, and 1.487 μm bands have the potential for laser diode pumping. From among these pump bands, the 0.8 μm band is attractive because inexpensive high output GaAlAs laser diodes can be used. However, it has been thought difficult to obtain a high gain with this pumping line since because of the existence of excited state absorption (ESA)8. Recently, high gain amplification using a 0.8 μm band Ti:Sapphire laser was reported9. The optimum pumping wavelength was around 820 nm.
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Edwards, J. S., G. Kembal-Cook und W. T. Barrowcliffe. „IMMUNOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FACTOR VIII (FVIII) IN PLASMA AND HEAT-TREATED CONCENTRATES“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643969.

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Using the method of Weinstein et al. (Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA# 78, 5137-41, 1981) the FVIII polypeptide distribution in wet and dry heated concentrates, a monoclonal-purified concentrate and fresh plasma was examined. Samples were incubated for 2 hours at 37°C (in the presence of polyethyleneglycol 4000 to aid complex formation) with 125I-Fab' fragments prepared from a polyclonal human anti-FVIII :C antibody. The complexes were elec-trophoresed in a 3-9% polyacrylamide gradient gel, in the presence of SDS, under non-reducing conditions and visualised by autoradiography.Fresh plasma slowed a range of peptide bands of apparent M.Wt. 80-280 kD, wicn a major band at 280 kD. FVIII concentrates showed a similar range of bands and, for one manufacturer's product (product E), an additional strong band of 40-50 kD. The proportion of total EVIII antigen in the 280 kD band was estimated by densitometry to be 20-40% in concentrates, can-pared with 65% in fresh plasma. Severe haemophilic plasma had no bands, confirming the specificity of the technique. FVIII antigen in 'wet' heated concentrates was shown to be more degraded (increase in low molecular weight forms) than in dry heated concentrates.Fresh plasma incubated at 37°C for 24 hours shewed increased amounts of FVIII antigen in a low molecular weight form (90 kD).Treatment of concentrates and plasma with thrombin resulted in a change of the peptide band pattern, which was dependent upon thrombin concentration and incubation time. Loss of the 280 kD band and intensification of a 90 kD band was observed, which correlated with an increase in FVIII :C by one-stage assay. Further proteolysis resulted in a band of inactive material of 40-50 kD, with identical mobility to the band seen in product E. FVIII :C activity in product E was higher by one-stage than by two-stage assay, and these results suggest more extensive thrombin degradation in this product.The results show that the molecular form of FVIII in concentrates is dependent upon storage of plasma, the methodof concentrate preparation and the type of heat treatment.
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Patel, Jay, und Pedro Peralta. „Mechanisms for Kink Band Evolution in Polymer Matrix Composites: A Digital Image Correlation and Finite Element Study“. In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67482.

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Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) are attractive structural materials due to their high stiffness and low weight to strength ratio. However, unidirectional PMCs have low shear strength and failure can occur along kink bands that develop on compression due to plastic microbuckling that carry strains large enough to induce nonlinear matrix deformation. The study of kink band nucleation and evolution in unidirectional composites (UDCs) is an active area of research. In the last five decades, a large body of research has been done to understand kink band mechanisms using theory and experiments. However, a large fraction of the existing work is for uniaxial compression. The effects of stress gradients, such as those present during bending, have not been as well explored, and these effects are bound to make difference in terms of kink band nucleation and growth. Furthermore, reports on experimental measurements of strain fields leading to and developing inside these bands in the presence of stress gradients are also scarce. This need to be addressed to gain a full understanding of their behavior when UDCs are used under bending and other spatially complex stress states, particularly given that the compressive strength of these composites is a function of stress-gradient. Therefore, the primary focus of this work is to understand mechanisms for kink band evolution under an influence of stress-gradients induced during bending. Digital image correlation (DIC) is used to measure strains inside and around the kink bands during 3-point bending of samples with 0°/90° stacking made of Dyneema HB80, a trademark of DSM. Measurements indicate bands nucleate at the compression side and propagate into the sample carrying a mixture of large shear and normal strains, while also decreasing its bending stiffness. Failure was produced by a combination of plastic microbuckling and axial splitting. The microstructure of the kink bands was studied and used in a microstructurally explicit finite element model (FEM). It has been used to analyze stresses and strains at ply level in the samples during kink band evolution, using cohesive zone elements to represent the interfaces between plies. Cohesive element properties were deduced by a combination of delamination, fracture and three-point bending tests used to calibrate the FEMs. Modeling results show that progressive buckling of plies leads to kink band nucleation and propagation and that the band morphology is sensitive to the shear and opening properties of the interfaces between the plies.
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Dinca, Andreea, Voicu Lupei und Mihai Dinca. „Symmetry properties of solutions in admittance matching method“. In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1998.wf.7.

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The admittance matching method is generally used in the design of optical components which require in the same time high reflectance and high transmission bands. The matching is done at one or at both sides of the basic stack by synthesizing a symmetrical three layer periods with an equivalent layer. In order to obtain a broad transmission band, a quasi-matching is necessary around the matching wavelength [1, 2]. In the following, one analyzes some symmetry regularities exhibited by the solutions obtained for two or three periods in the matching stack.
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Owolabi, Gbadebo, Daniel Odoh, Akindele Odeshi und Horace Whitworth. „Modeling and Simulation of Adiabatic Shear Bands in AISI 4340 Steel Under Impact Loads“. In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89084.

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In this study, the effects of microstructure and strain rate on the occurrence and failure of adiabatic shear bands in AISI 4340 steel under high velocity impact loads are investigated using finite element analysis and experimental tests. The shear band generated due to impact load was divided into some set of elements separated by nodes using finite element method in ABAQUS environment with initial and boundary conditions specified. The material properties were assumed to be lower at the second element set in order to initialize the adiabatic shear bands. The strain energy density for each successive node was calculated successively starting from the first element where initial boundary condition, initial strain hardening constant, and stress resistance had been specified. As the load time is increased, its corresponding effect on the localized shear deformation and width of the adiabatic shear band was also determined. The finite element model was used to determine the maximum stress, the strain hardening, the thermal softening, and the time to reach critical strain for formation of adiabatic shear bands. Experimental results show that deformed bands were formed at low strain rates and there was a minimum strain rate required for formation of transformed band in the alloy. The experimental results also show that cracks were initiated and propagated along transformed bands leading to fragmentation under the impact loading. The susceptibility of the adiabatic shear bands to cracking was markedly influenced by strain-rates and the initial material microstructures. The numerical results obtained were compared with the experimental results obtained for the AISI 4340 steel under high strain-rate loading in compression using split impact Hopkinson bars. A good agreement between the experimental and simulation results are also obtained.
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Shioiri, Satoshi, Tadashi Koshige und Souichi Kubo. „Optimum lead time of luminance cue for facilitating stereoscopic perception time“. In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1993.wrr.4.

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We investigated the effect of preceding luminance depth cues on stereopsis perception time. The stimulus was a random-dot stereogram which contained two horizontal bands defined by binocular disparity: the dots inside of one of the bands had crossed disparity (the band was closer than the background) and those inside of the other were uncorrelated. The dots in the disparity bands were lighter than those in the background so that the both bands appeared to be closer by monocular observation. Observer’s task was to report which band appeared to be closer. The method of constant stimuli was used to determine the stereopsis perception time as the stimulus presentation duration which gave 75 (varied between 0 and 1000 msec). The results show that the perception time is the shortest when the luminance cue lead time is about 200 msec. Since little effect of the lead time was found when dots inside of the disparity bars were darker than those in background, it is suggested that the optimum lead time of luminance cue is a reflection of the dynamic interaction between monocular and binocular depth cues rather than that of attention.
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Wesner, Michael F., und Steven K. Shevell. „Changes in color appearance from noncontiguous short-wavelength light“. In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.mh4.

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A fairly large concentric region of short-wavelength light (3-5° inner-outer diameter band) surrounding a small concentric 1° test causes a shift toward redness in the color of the test (red/green equilibrium shifts by as much as 20 nm). The effect of the band is not due to stray light or color contrast at the edge of the test (Wesner & Shevell, 1991). To investigate further the adapting effect of remote noncontiguous short-wavelength fields, we measured red/green equilibria of a 1° test, composed of an admixture of 549- and 660-nm light, surrounded by a concentric band of 32-td, 440-nm or 491-nm light. The inner-outer diameters of the bands were varied: 1–2° (contiguous to the test), 2–3°, 3–4°, 4–5°. We also measured the test superimposed on a 5°, 440-nm or 491-nm adapting field. The test was varied from 6 to 1000 td. As expected, the appearance of the test shifted toward redness when superimposed on a uniform short-wavelength adapting field. Replacing the adapting field with a short-wavelength band that was contiguous to the test, however, produced little or no shift in color appearance. A substantial shift toward redness was found with 440-nm bands at least 1° away from the edge of the test. Much smaller effects were measured for the 491-nm bands, which may be attributed to significantly less S-cone stimulation (~4% of that from the 440-nm light). These results indicate that short-wavelength light has a larger effect on color appearance when it is located some distance away from the test.
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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "WAF Band"

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Hausmann, Ricardo, Ugo Panizza und Ernesto H. Stein. Why Do Countries Float the Way They Float? Inter-American Development Bank, Mai 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010778.

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Countries that are classified as having floating exchange rate systems (or very wide bands) show strikingly different patterns of behavior. They hold very different levels of international reserves and allow very different volatilities in the movements of the exchange rate relative to the volatility that they tolerate either on the level of reserves or in interest rates. We document these differences and present a model that explains them as the optimal response of a Central Bank that attempts to minimize a standard loss function, in an environment in which firms are credit-constrained and incomplete markets limit their ability to avoid currency mismatches. This model suggests that the difference in the way countries float could be related to their differing levels of exchange rate pass-through and differences in their ability to avoid currency mismatches. We test these implications and find a very strong and robust relationship between the pattern of floating and the ability of a country to borrow internationally in its own currency. We find weaker and less robust evidence on the importance of pass-through to account for differences across countries with respect to their exchange rate/monetary management.
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Amaral, Luciano. A Monetary Plethora and What to do with It: the Bank of Portugal during World War II and the Post-War Period (1939-1960). Working Paper in Economic and Social History, Februar 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55462/wpaphes_a_501.

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Up to World War II the Bank of Portugal (BoP) was far from possessing the features normally associated with a central bank. It was still a commercial bank, although one that had acquired some central bank functions. The World War II period was decisive to change this ambiguity. The change was mostly caused by an unusually large influx of international means of payment (gold and foreign exchange) as a consequence of Portuguese neutrality during the war, which allowed the BoP to transform its balance sheet structure: the BoP became the institution centralising commercial banks’ reserves. However, all of this happened during a very disturbing period for the BoP. The BoP had been reformed to function as the manager of the escudo in the gold-exchange standard. But just a few months after the reform, the gold-exchange standard collapsed. The BoP adapted quickly to the new environment of discretion, Government interference, and nationalism. It did it so, however, in a relatively original way: it followed the trend but kept at the same time certain features of a central bank still committed to gold standard principles. This was visible during both the World War II and Post-War periods.
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BROWN, JAMES, und ADRIANE C. LITTLEFIELD. Cooperative Monitoring Center Occasional Paper/23: The Comprehensive Test Band Treaty: The Way Forward? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/791878.

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Thomason, Janet E., und Laura J. Parker. An Examination of the Repatriated Prisoners of War Data Bank (RPWDB). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Dezember 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401052.

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Belusevic, R., und D. Rein. Is there a way to measure the deep-inelastic cross-section using wide-band neutrino beams. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6698002.

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Glauber, Joseph W., David Laborde Debucquet und Abdullah Mamun. From bad to worse: How Russia-Ukraine war-related export restrictions exacerbate global food insecurity. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896294394_18.

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Fischl-Lanzoni, Natalia, Martin Hiti, Nathan Kaplan und Asani Sarkar. Investor Attention to Bank Risk During the Spring 2023 Bank Run. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59576/sr.1095.

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We examine how investors’ perception of bank balance sheet risk evolved before and during the March-April 2023 bank run. To do so, we estimate the covariance (“beta”) of bank excess stock returns with returns on factors constructed from long-short portfolios sorted on shares of uninsured deposits and unrealized losses on securities. We find that the market’s perception of bank risk shifted in both the time series and the cross-section. From January 2022 to February 2023, both factor betas were mostly insignificant, but after the bank run started, they became positive and significant for all banks on average. However, in the cross-section, only the factor betas of banks put on downgrade watch on March 13 were significant, consistent with our finding that this announcement was informative. When additional banks were downgraded in April, their factor betas also became significant, even though we find the April announcements to be noninformative for these banks. We suggest that investors with limited attention focused on the banks included in the April announcements to update their priors on balance sheet risk.
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Carpenter, Mace, und Rosalie Fanale. A Bad Person Leading a Costly Conflict: Saddam Hussein and the 1980-1988 Iran-Iraq War. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Oktober 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441491.

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White, Eugene. Protecting Financial Stability in the Aftermath of World War I: The Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta's Dissenting Policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, Juli 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21341.

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Cañón, Carlos, Jorge Florez-Acosta und Karoll Gómez. The effects of two-way lending between financial conglomerates in the repo market. Banco de la República, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1246.

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We examine how market structure, market power, and systemic risk respond to close and intense lending relationships between financial conglomerates (FCs) in non-centrally cleared bilateral repo. Using transaction-level data from Mexico, we document persistent and stable funding relationships between FC-affiliated banks and funds with two distinctive features: first, funding transactions are two-way, that is, a given pair of rival FCs provide lending to one another on the same day; second, two-way transactions are executed at lower average rates than one-way transactions. We show that two-way lending between FCs favours both market concentration and market power of FC-affiliated funds, and worsens the terms of trade of independent banks’ and funds’ lending. Furthermore, we find that the bank-level contribution to systemic risk increases with two-way lending.
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