Dissertationen zum Thema „Violence de l'Histoire“
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Morel, Anne-Sophie. „Chateaubriand et la violence de l'Histoire dans les Mémoires d'Outre-Tombe“. Lyon 3, 2007. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2007_in_morel_as.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleViolence permeates and informs the writing of the Mémoires d'outre-tombe and brings together both the memorialist's esthetics and his readings from the period as echoed in his works. Thus the theme of violence constitutes a particularly effective approach for defining and refining one's appreciation of Chateaubriand's poetics, his esthetic and political thought, and the constructs of his imagination, all anchored in a historic perspective—states of mind, mythologies, and ideologies. Revolutionary violence brings with it destabilization and grounds the modern era on a rejection of tradition and a loss of identity. Marginalized from History in terms of actual events, Chateaubriand recovers a measure of historical authenticity through his use of the imaginary. Revolutionary trauma is thus at the origin of a rich production of images that the writer develops both to stigmatize and at the same time to attempt to exorcize violence endured. Because he was a participant in history, the memorialist formulated strategies of implication or protection, inaugurating a specific way of writing about violence
Liberge, Marie-Luce. „Esthétiques du rire et violences de l'histoire : corps, objet, idiotie, danse“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080079.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis questions the dialectic of laughter and the violence of history in the images and in the artworks of the 80s to today (especially). This study is based on analyzes of works organized around four axes : the body, the object, the idiocy, the dance. This work is based on four notions that are carnivalesque, witz, condensation and distanciation whose definitions come from the texts of Schlegel, Freud, Bakhtine, Brecht. Starting from the definition of violence inducing, among other things, the imposition of a norm or a framework, and considering the fact that of laughter can be perceived as the fragmentation of the frame, this work applies to see how the aesthetics of laughter interact with violence and resist it. It is also about analysing how the laughter brings to the work, some means of resisting to the sensationalist image and in which way laughter can arrange a distancing. Finally, this work tries to see how the aesthetics of laughter enrichs the perception and the reflection, but also art and life, of a vital elk, of breath, of strength that the arrangements, devices, maters express or translate
Martinez, Kamir. „Entre violence et resistance : la réinsertion de la femme africaine subsaharienne dans l'histoire“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA018/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn relation to the immediate history, contemporary African literature contributes to the denunciation of the violence of postcolonial regimes and civil wars. These new forms of writing are characterized both by the urgency and by the intention to move away from European forms, giving rise to a universalizing writing and the claim of the novel as a work of art. This contribution is proposed, from nine Francophone, Anglophone and Hispanophone novels published between 1990 and 2000, to explore and analyse the reintegration of Sub-Saharan African women in the official archives. Through fictional testimonies inspired by real facts and stories of the private sphere, these authors create a new imagination about African women evolving between violence and resistance. Through an interdisciplinary approach, we will try to identify the images of the woman in these novels, as well as the stylistic and linguistic means in the process of the reinterpretation of the archives and the reintegration of the African Sub-Saharan woman in history
En relación a la historia inmediata, la literatura africana contemporánea contribuye a la denuncia de la violencia de los regímenes poscoloniales y de las guerras civiles. Estas nuevas formas de escritura se caracterizan tanto por la urgencia de escribir como por la intención de alejarse de las formas de expresión europeas, dando lugar a una escritura universal y a la reivindicación de la novela como obra de arte. Esta contribución se propone de explorar y analizar la reintegración de las mujeres africanas subsaharianas a los archivos oficiales, a partir de nueve novelas de expresión francesa, inglesa y española, publicadas entre 1990 y 2000. A través de testimonios ficticios inspirados por hechos reales e historias de la vida privada, estos autores y autoras crean una nueva imagen de las mujeres africanas desenvolviéndose entre la violencia y la resistencia. A través de un enfoque interdisciplinario, intentaremos identificar las imágenes de la mujer en estas novelas, así como el estilo y el lenguaje en el proceso de reinterpretación de los archivos y la reintegración de la mujer africana subsahariana en la historia
Dhoquois, Guy. „La duplicité de l'histoire : recherche sur les transformations des sociétés humaines“. Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe way doubt about anything, including doubt. Doubt becomes method, tormented by history. Three dimensions were first analyzed: (work) value, real metaphysics; (political) violence that is too violence to violence; ideology that multiplies, peculiarly in ontology. These theoretical views were fundamental in the attempt to a reasoned world history, based on two main themes, on the hand modes of production, associated to political forms, on the other hand ontological choices. In annexes, we find a world history (fact judgments?) and commentaries (value judgments). To sum up, this thesis is about historical sociology and more precisely theory of history
Bouhey, Vivien. „Les anarchistes contre la République, 1880 à 1914 : contribution à l'histoire des réseaux sous la Troisième République /“. Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb414106125.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDebrocq, Aliénor. „Le Surréalisme-Révolutionnaire et Cobra à l'épreuve de la violence: contribution à l'histoire des représentations“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209695.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleS’appuyant sur un certain nombre d’affirmations émanant des acteurs de Cobra comme des historiens ayant écrit sur le sujet, l’auteur s’est penché sur la question de la violence picturale et théorique au sein de ce mouvement. Picturale, par la propension des artistes à brouiller la lisibilité de la composition et des figures, par leur volonté de « faire brut » et enfantin, de « mal peindre », de maltraiter le sujet en le rendant méconnaissable, hybride, défiguré. Théorique, par un certain nombre de déclarations (pour la plupart, parues dans la revue Cobra) véhémentes, engagées, politiques, relatives au climat sociopolitique de l’après-guerre comme au contexte artistique et culturel contemporain.
Au cours des recherches, il est apparu que la violence de Cobra était plus ambiguë que ce qui avait été imaginé initialement. Elle relève en réalité d’une forme d’instrumentalisation émanant des acteurs, qui ont multiplié les effets rhétoriques, les attitudes et les déclarations allant dans ce sens, conduisant Cobra à user d’une violence « décorative » nettement instrumentée :un outil utilisé par les artistes dans la construction de leur image, de leur identité individuelle et collective. Cette piste a ainsi débouché vers d’autres résultats que ceux imaginés au préalable mais n’en a pas moins permis de réévaluer le mouvement sur le plan de l’histoire des représentations, en étudiant les stratégies développées par ses membres dans les œuvres et les discours. La mise en perspective critique de ceux-ci a permis de cerner la capacité rhétorique de certains membres de Cobra, qui ont valorisé l’image d’un mouvement artistique résolument « moderne », c’est-à-dire violent et revendicateur, tout en puisant leur inspiration dans certaines formes d’art primitives et brutes.
La thèse s’articule de façon thématique, autour de quatre pôles révélateurs des formes et du sens de la violence détectée dans les œuvres et les discours des Cobra :
Répondre à la guerre – Cobra face au siècle
Une violence générationnelle
Le primitif ou le jeu de la violence
Aspirations libertaires
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Randall, Jennifer. „Fractures de l'histoire post-Partition dans les romans féminins issus du sous-continent indien“. Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080145.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Partition of India (1947) and the Bangladesh Liberation War (1971) are two transitory moments which reveal the violence of post-colonial nation-building. The acts performed upon an ethno-religious basis have given rise to many private stories, themselves stifled by self-legitimating national master narratives. These stories particularly highlight the instrumentalisation of the idea and the bodies of women in carrying out communal conflict. Three generations of women novelists have sought to break the silence imposed by patriarchal State apparatuses and religious radicalism. They turn to the impetuousness of the literary genre of the novel in order to thwart Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi master narratives. As such they write back to the violent fracture of History, through a poetics of the fragment, and together draw an obscene, monstrous and carnival-like portrait of contemporary Nation-States. Such novels, whether sub-continental or diasporic, resist all forms of borders (whether ideological, literary, commercial, etc.), driven instead by their commitment to contradiction. The fragmentation which defines them is all at once linguistic, literary, sociological and political. Our study comprises novels written (chronologically) by Jyotirmoyee Devi, Anis Kidwai, Mumtaz Shah Nawaz, Attia Hosain, Amrita Pritam, Sophia Mustafa, Bapsi Sidhwa, Anita Rau Badami , Shauna Singh Baldwin Meena Arora Nayak, Sorayya Khan, Kamila Shamsie and Tahmima Anam
Rubino, Marcella. „Religion et violence dans l'oeuvre de Yūsuf Zaydān : les chemins croisés de la fiction et de l'histoire“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF014/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Egyptian writer Yūsuf Zaydān is part of the tradition – dating from the age of the Nahḍa – of intellectuals as "educators of consciousness". Since then, faced with a national narrative controlled by political or religious power, Arab literature has often revisited history and current affairs with the aim of restoring – through the freedom offered by fictional discourse – the truth overshadowed by official history. Through this rewriting process, Zaydān is particularly interested in discussing the relationship between religion, politics and violence. The objective of this thesis is to explore Zaydān’s literary work in order to identify its originality. This originality is manifested, first, through Zaydān's dual profile as both academic and novelist, engaged in varied production that ranges from novels to essays; second, in the specific strategies he employs in order to address his privileged audience: the Egyptian reader. A controversial author in both his work and his personality, Zaydān is above all a literary phenomenon. An example of the blossoming literary field and the exacerbated cultural democratisation in Egypt, his case allows us to better understand ultra-modern Arab literature and what it expresses about the (politically, economically, culturally) recomposed and changing society that have produced it
Randall, Jennifer. „Fractures de l'histoire post-Partition dans les romans féminins issus du sous-continent indien“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080145.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Partition of India (1947) and the Bangladesh Liberation War (1971) are two transitory moments which reveal the violence of post-colonial nation-building. The acts performed upon an ethno-religious basis have given rise to many private stories, themselves stifled by self-legitimating national master narratives. These stories particularly highlight the instrumentalisation of the idea and the bodies of women in carrying out communal conflict. Three generations of women novelists have sought to break the silence imposed by patriarchal State apparatuses and religious radicalism. They turn to the impetuousness of the literary genre of the novel in order to thwart Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi master narratives. As such they write back to the violent fracture of History, through a poetics of the fragment, and together draw an obscene, monstrous and carnival-like portrait of contemporary Nation-States. Such novels, whether sub-continental or diasporic, resist all forms of borders (whether ideological, literary, commercial, etc.), driven instead by their commitment to contradiction. The fragmentation which defines them is all at once linguistic, literary, sociological and political. Our study comprises novels written (chronologically) by Jyotirmoyee Devi, Anis Kidwai, Mumtaz Shah Nawaz, Attia Hosain, Amrita Pritam, Sophia Mustafa, Bapsi Sidhwa, Anita Rau Badami , Shauna Singh Baldwin Meena Arora Nayak, Sorayya Khan, Kamila Shamsie and Tahmima Anam
Léger, Celine. „La fabrique médiatique de l'événement au XIXe siècle : Jules Vallès, écrire et faire l'histoire (1857-1870)“. Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSES034/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work of Jules Vallès falls within the confluence of history, literature and the media in an exemplary way. It sustains a narrow proximity to the upheavals of its time. It thus appears to present an ideal outlook from which to analyse the way of writing the event. Yet, apart from the Paris Commune, the event as such has been overlooked by Vallesian critics. Between 1857 and 1870, that is to say during the Second French Empire, what exactly constitutes an event in the fullest sense of the word for Vallès? Far beyond the historical dates generally deemed important, how does his vision of what makes or does not make an event lead him to reshape the history of his time?Assuming a deliberate perspective of demystification, the “major event” and the “notable factˮ are firstly considered cultural artefacts, both repudiated but also partly reproduced by Vallesian writing. And yet, far from being only an artificial construction – a historical, literary and/or media illusion – the event can be a real and concrete upheaval. Therefore, it can be defined by a destructive impact, its creative strength at the heart of everyday life, or by a fruitful virulence which would be the prerogative of language. Vallès, thus questions the ambiguity that characterizes the violence of his time, depending on whether his contemporaries react against it or reinvest it through verbal or artistic means. But the events turn out to be even more a metonymic tool serving a heuristic method that explores the history of the 19th century. Personally (re)lived, they structure a self-portrait of the writer-journalist in chiaroscuro. They thereby enable the reporter to testify on present events to the reader, resolutely committed to the experiences related. Finally, by induction they reveal a difficult and unfair society: thereby a militant history takes shape, shifting and subverting the common hierarchies, and explaining and reassessing the accepted structures
Letourneur, Marina. „L'histoire dans l'oeuvre d'Andrés Rivera : écriture, réécriture et manipulation“. Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0008/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleArgentinean writer Andrés Rivera’s refusal to consider some of his novels as being historical is the starting point of our reflection. In this work we approach the relations between history and fiction, the evolutions of historiography as well as those of the historical novel. The proliferation of historical novels in Latin America in the 1980’s and the 1990’s in particular, and the evolutions in the style and the themes of these novels have brought many critics to look into the phenomenon and to study the characteristics of what they have called the « new historical novel », « the contemporary historical novel » or more « the post-modern historical novel ». The formation of our corpus of novels or short stories by Rivera is based on Seymour Menton’s definition ; a novel is historical if the action takes place in a past that the author did not live. Thus, we chose the fictions in which the diegesis takes place between the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, which matches key periods of the Argentinean history : the May Revolution (« La revolución es un sueño eterno »), the civil wars and the period of Rosas (« En esta dulcetierra », « El farmer » and « Ese manco Paz »), the rise of the rural middle classes in the 1880's (« El amigo de Baudelaire » and « La sierva »), the 1920's (« Elprofundo Sur » and « Hay que matar »). Through this corpus, we intend to analyze the reading of the Argentinean history offered by Rivera, the notion of history drawn from it and the rewriting of history based on fiction he proposes
Johnson, Kodjo Yackoley. „L'enfance exploitée au Togo : l'histoire des enjeux juridiques, socio-économiques, politiques et culturels dans un pays en mutation“. Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_johnson_ky.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince its birth, the child has rights and inalienable against all forms of exploitation may be an obstacle to its development. In traditional Africa in general and in Togo in particular, the rights of children are perceived as more duties to the community. This is particularly in a respect that the social integration of children is through his initiation into the work and respect for tradition. In contrast, modern law, which tries the new republic of Togo since independence declared in 1960, is in itself a break with tradition in both legal in the socio-economic, political and cultural. This either led the young republic to adopt modern laws, national inspiration in connection with some manners, or internationally inspired (conventions, treaties. . . ). Nevertheless, the lack of enforcement in the implementation of legal provisions and purposes of the indelible presence of custom in the attitudes of the population, among others, are as much inertia in the dynamics of protection of children in Togo. Is not that a great challenge for a Republic of Togo that is modern and fully integrated in the community of civilized nations?. .
Moeglin, Karine. „Religion et notables : recherches sur une communauté juive entre Hesse et Thuringe, Schmalkalden, 1810-1942 : La "Mémoire allemande de l'histoire juive" ou des effets à long terme de la violence. L'histoire réinventée d'une communauté juive allemande : histoire immergée, histoire sur-visible et figure du discours historiographique sous l'impact de la Shoah“. Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Jewish community of Schmalkalden became an object of historical research. Why? What is the function of the “Jewish topic” and the possible meaning of research on local communities in the reunified Germany? This study of the sources concerning the Jewish community of Schmalkalden, not famous and constituted only by “ordinary” Jews, allows the focalisation on the specificity of the rural German Jewish world, which had been widely neglected in the writing of German-Jewish past. The immediate post-Nazism period in Thüringen is the time one side of emergence and on the other side of the failure of a reparation law to racial victims of the Hitler Regime. This had been sealed by the GDR government, but it is an important piece to understand the nowadays stand of the Germany-Jewish relationships, to connect with the phenomenon of a compulsive writing of the history of local Jewish communities in Germany today. This leads to the thesis of the “German memory of the Jewish History”, a risk of mix-between the respective place of history and memory and German and Jewish fields
Albisson, Gregory. „Les gangs maori de Wellington : " Some people said that tribes stopped existing in the 1970s "“. Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00872154.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSchettini, Andrea. „Comissões de verdade e o processo de “acerto de contas” com o passado violento : um olhar genealógico, jurídico-institucional e crítico“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100056.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present study aims to understand the legal and political contours of truth commissions, in order to examine the promises, the potentialities and the limits of this mechanism of transitional justice. The broadest goal of this work is to situate truth commissions within contemporary relationships stablished between truth, law and memory. It seeks to critically reflect about the ways in which these new mechanisms of justice affect our way of naming and understanding forms of violence (especially state-sponsored violence). The central hypothesis holds that the regime of truth-making within truth commissions — in its complex, contradictory and ambiguous relationship with law, history, and memory — maintains an inseparable link with the process of official writing of violence (its outlines, gaps and silences). Indeed, far from constituting a neutral or finished solution for the legacies of grave human rights violations, truth commissions are, above all, a space of conflict between different memories and a space of dispute of the meanings granted to the past of violence. The experience of the Brazilian National Truth Commission is finally addressed as a reference for the study of truth commissions (and more broadly for the study of transitional justice), capable of bringing relevant contributions to the analysis of these mechanisms of justice
O presente estudo busca analisar os contornos jurídicos e políticos das comissões de verdade, a fim de apontar as promessas, as potencialidades e os limites desse mecanismo da justiça de transição. O objetivo mais amplo deste trabalho consiste em situar as comissões de verdade no interior das relações, contemporaneamente reconfiguradas, entre a verdade, o direito e a memória. Trata-se de refletir criticamente sobre a maneira em que, no interior de tais mecanismos, a violência (sobretudo no que diz respeito à violência política e à violência de Estado) é compreendida, investigada e nomeada. A hipótese central desta pesquisa sustenta que o regime de construção de verdades no interior das comissões de verdade — em sua relação complexa, contraditória e ambígua com os direitos humanos, a história e a memória — mantém um vínculo indissociável com o processo de escrita oficial (seus contornos, lacunas e silêncios) da violência. Longe de constituírem uma solução neutra ou acabada para os problemas decorrentes dos legados de graves violações de direitos humanos, comissões de verdade são, acima de tudo, um espaço de conflito entre diferentes memórias e de disputas pelos significados e sentidos do passado violento. A experiência da Comissão Nacional da Verdade do Brasil é abordada, ao final, como caso referência para o estudo das comissões de verdade (e mais amplamente para o estudo da justiça de transição), capaz de trazer relevantes aportes à análise destes mecanismos de justiça
Quondamatteo, Sara. „L'autre XXème siècle de Czesław Miłosz et Nicola Chiaromonte : histoire d'une formation intellectuelle cosmopolite“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUL087.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis sets out to trace the philosophical and literary research that brought Czesław Miłosz and Nicola Chiaromonte together as members of a particular intellectual formation. To understand the nature of their relationship in this intellectual milieu, we have avoided the biographical and interpretative pitfalls that would have reduced the comparative study of the two authors to a sterile search for explicit influences in thought and work. On the contrary, we have brought out the full complexity of their encounter, determined by a very particular historical-political and cultural conjuncture. Czesław Miłosz's voice seems so close to Nicola Chiaromonte's not only because of participation in the same events and the same political climate of the twentieth century, but also thanks to the common attention paid to the need to define an ethical foundation for the freedom of thought, language and human action in a context of widespread massification that has taken on a nefarious magnitude in totalitarian ideologies.From different socio-cultural backgrounds, their research then turned towards an attempt to rediscover the tragic dimension of history, in opposition to the determinisms of the twentieth century that reduced man to an isolated monad, bent to the demands of numerous historical necessities. As Gino Bianco observes, both authors seem to develop a parallel aversion "to historicism based on the conviction that, despite the fury and horror of history, man is an absolute, and that this absolute resides in consciousness".The research, which reveals how Miłosz's and Chiaromonte's thought and writing are in constant oscillation between the socio-political and metaphysical dimensions, is original in that it is largely based on textual analysis. Reflection on the relationship between history and the individual is not at a speculative, theoretical level; on the contrary, it takes place in a writing process that is not detached from the biographical trajectories of the two authors. Both attempt to understand the bewilderment of modern man in the face of history, recognizing themselves first and foremost among those individuals caught in its stranglehold.The texts analyzed reveal the position occupied by both authors in their analyses, namely that of critical spectators of the phenomena described. In the chosen texts, the speaker is also the one who has lived, who remembers and therefore bears witness. It is in the impossibility of separating the man from his experience and the thinker-writer from his judgment and assessments, that Polish researcher W. Karpiński identifies the point of contact between the two authors, to whom he attributes the use of a particular literary form, that of "reality sketches" (szkice rzeczywistości). Karpiński sees their writing as a form of resistance to the manipulations and distortions produced by twentieth-century logocracies, as a reappropriation of the signifying function of the word. It is in this semantic presupposition, in the aspiration to a renewed coincidence between language and reality, that both authors aspire to a renewal of the ethical foundations of modern man. We could even speak of semantic existentialism, for their writing, despite stylistic differences, is driven by the same urgency to respond to ideological propaganda by conducting metalinguistic reflection
Valencia, Gutiérrez Jesús Alberto. „El proceso político contra el general Gustavo Rojas Pinilla en el congreso de Colombia (1958-1959)“. Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0146.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe research subject of this manuscript is the description and interpretation of the political trial, of wich Rojas Pinilla (Colombian military president, 1953-1957) was subject at the Republican Congress (1958-1959). On a first basis, the idea is to narrate the events in the three scenarios that it occured (the Congress, the newspapers, and the streets) and to chronically reconstruct the debates in the parliament and the newspapers. Secondly, this manuscript tries to interpret the way in wich the trial is developed under the circumstances imposed by the Violencia era of the 50's and under the institutional legitimacy crisis that existed since 1949. The trial occurs at a moment where, after the failure of a military solution for the social and institutional crisis, the political elites are trying to find through the Frente Nacional, a second solution to the crisis. The idea consists to interpret the role of the trial in such a crucial moment of the Colombian history of the second half of the 20th century. On a third basis, the manuscript tries to show the way in wich the trial can contribute with elements that allow to understand how an era called La Violencia, on the 50's was "solved either on a formal or informal, institutional or not, way. The trial constitutes an unexpected space that opens a discussion on the sense of Colombian life and it causes an open public discussion on the responsabilities of the events of the previous years, marked by the fights between liberales y conservadores. The material associated to the trial also permits to understand the way in wich the different ways on that time's collective memory were built up