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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Vespidés"
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Rodríguez-Flores, María Shantal, Maurizio Mazzei, Antonio Felicioli, Ana Diéguez-Antón und María Carmen Seijo. „Emerging Risk of Cross-Species Transmission of Honey Bee Viruses in the Presence of Invasive Vespid Species“. Insects 14, Nr. 1 (21.12.2022): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14010006.
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The increase in invasive alien species is a concern for the environment. The establishment of some of these species may be changing the balance between pathogenicity and host factors, which could alter the defense strategies of native host species. Vespid species are among the most successful invasive animals, such as the genera Vespa, Vespula and Polistes. Bee viruses have been extensively studied as an important cause of honey bee population losses. However, knowledge about the transmission of honey bee viruses in Vespids is a relevant and under-researched aspect. The role of some mites such as Varroa in the transmission of honey bee viruses is clearer than in the case of Vespidae. This type of transmission by vectors has not yet been clarified in Vespidae, with interspecific relationships being the main hypotheses accepted for the transmission of bee viruses. A majority of studies describe the presence of viruses or their replicability, but aspects such as the symptomatology in Vespids or the ability to infect other hosts from Vespids are scarcely discussed. Highlighting the case of Vespa velutina as an invader, which is causing huge losses in European beekeeping, is of special interest. The pressure caused by V. velutina leads to weakened hives that become susceptible to pathogens. Gathering this information is necessary to promote further research on the spread of bee viruses in ecosystems invaded by invasive species of Vespids, as well as to prevent the decline of bee populations due to bee viruses.
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Yang, Sa, Philippe Gayral, Hongxia Zhao, Yaojun Wu, Xuejian Jiang, Yanyan Wu, Diane Bigot et al. „Occurrence and Molecular Phylogeny of Honey Bee Viruses in Vespids“. Viruses 12, Nr. 1 (19.12.2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12010006.
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Since the discovery that honey bee viruses play a role in colony decline, researchers have made major breakthroughs in understanding viral pathology and infection processes in honey bees. Work on virus transmission patterns and virus vectors, such as the mite Varroa destructor, has prompted intense efforts to manage honey bee health. However, little is known about the occurrence of honey bee viruses in bee predators, such as vespids. In this study, we characterized the occurrence of 11 honey bee viruses in five vespid species and one wasp from four provinces in China and two vespid species from four locations in France. The results showed that all the species from China carried certain honey bee viruses, notably Apis mellifera filamentous virus (AmFV), Deformed wing virus (DWV), and Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV); furthermore, in some vespid colonies, more than three different viruses were identified. In France, DWV was the most common virus; Sacbrood virus (SBV) and Black queen cell virus (BQCV) were observed in one and two samples, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of IAPV and BQCV sequences indicated that most of the IAPV sequences belonged to a single group, while the BQCV sequences belonged to several groups. Additionally, our study is the first to detect Lake Sinai virus (LSV) in a hornet from China. Our findings can guide further research into the origin and transmission of honey bee viruses in Vespidae, a taxon of ecological, and potentially epidemiological, relevance.
3
Cameron, Stephen L., Mark Dowton, Lyda R. Castro, Kalani Ruberu, Michael F. Whiting, Andy D. Austin, Kieren Diement und Julia Stevens. „Mitochondrial genome organization and phylogeny of two vespid wasps“. Genome 51, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2008): 800–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g08-066.
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We sequenced the entire mitochondrial genome of Abispa ephippium (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea: Vespidae: Eumeninae) and most of the mitochondrial genome of Polistes humilis synoecus (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea: Vespidae: Polistinae). The arrangement of genes differed between the two genomes and also differed slightly from that inferred to be ancestral for the Hymenoptera. The genome organization for both vespids is different from that of all other mitochondrial genomes previously reported. A number of tRNA gene rearrangements were identified that represent potential synapomorphies for a subset of the Vespidae. Analysis of all available hymenopteran mitochondrial genome sequences recovered an uncontroversial phylogeny, one consistent with analyses of other types of data.
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GAWAS, SANDESH M., P. GIRISH KUMAR, ARATI PANNURE, ANKITA GUPTA und JAMES M. CARPENTER. „An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India“. Zootaxa 4784, Nr. 1 (28.05.2020): 1–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1.
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This study presents a checklist of the vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of India. A total of 288 species belonging to 60 genera and 5 subfamilies of Vespidae are known to occur within the political boundaries of India. A complete list of species, comprising valid scientific names, synonyms, geographical distribution within and outside India, along with references, is provided. One new synonymy is proposed.
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GAWAS, SANDESH M., P. GIRISH KUMAR, ANKITA GUPTA und P. M. SURESHAN. „Checklist of vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Goa, India, with new records and a key to species“. Zootaxa 4585, Nr. 2 (12.04.2019): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4585.2.3.
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This study on the vespid fauna (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) reports 33 species belonging to 22 genera and four subfamilies from the state of Goa, India. Of these, 26 species, 18 genera, and two subfamilies are newly recorded from Goa. Illustrated keys to the genera and species of vespid wasps of Goa along with notes on their geographical distribution are provided.
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Vega, José María, Francisco Javier Ortiz-Sánchez, Ana Martínez-Arcediano, Leopoldo Castro, Teresa Alfaya, Francisco Carballada, Sergia Cruz, Lluís Marqués, Arantza Vega und Berta Ruiz-León. „Social wasps in Spain: the who and where“. Allergologia et Immunopathologia 50, Nr. 2 (01.03.2022): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v50i2.523.
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Objective: The objective of this study was to list the social vespids occurring in Spain, determine their presence in each region, and correlate the data with the vespids responsible for allergic reactions and their progression over time. Methods: Insects distribution data were collected in two phases: from the southern half of Spain (2008–2012), and from the northern half of Spain (2016–2019). Data for the vespids were collected from the prescriptions of Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (HVIT) at six Spanish hospitals in the years 2009 and 2019. Results: Polistes dominula and Vespula germanica were the most widely distributed species. Vespa velutina was found to be present in a large part of northern Spain. During the 10 year period, the prescriptions of vespid VIT increased by 42.63%. The north of Spain saw a 3.61 fold greater predominance of prescriptions for Vespula (to some extent influenced by Vespa velutina allergy) whereas in central and southern Spain, there was a 3.97 fold greater predominance of prescriptions for Polistes. Conclusions: It is the first study that compares the vespid distribution maps with VIT prescription. A noteworthy finding is the wide presence of Polistes dominula and Vespula germanica in Spain and the appearance of Vespa velutina allergy in the northern part of the country. Data of HVIT prescriptions reflect inter-regional variability with the predominance of Vespula (due to Vespula and Vespa) in the north and that of Polistes in the center and south of Spain.
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Tan, Qing-Qing, Jiang-Li Tan, Ruo-Nan Zhang, Xiao-Xia Tian und Jian-Ke Jian. „Discovery of the nest of the yellow jacket Vespula structor (Smith) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) from China with description of its immature stages“. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 67 (31.12.2018): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.67.30059.
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Data on the nest structure, morphology of all stages and behaviour have contributed to the phylogenetic and taxonomic studies of social vespids. Two underground nests of Vespulastructor (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespinae) were discovered in China. For the first time, the morphology of all the stages, and the nests are described in detail and illustrated. It is additional evidence supporting the recent conclusion that synonymized Vespulagongshanensis with V.structor. The status of Vespulastructor within both the genus Vespula and the vulgaris-group are briefly discussed.
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Jacques, Gabriel de Castro, Wellington Donizet Ferreira, Paola Aparecida Moura, Gabriel Teofilo-Guedes und Marcos Magalhães de Souza. „Nesting of the keyhole wasp Pachodynerus nasidens (Latreille, 1812) (Vespidae, Eumeninae) in a nest of a paper wasp (Vespidae, Polistinae)“. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93 (31.10.2022): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.91298.
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Potter wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) adopt different substrates for nesting, including other wasp nests. Nevertheless, such behavior rarely occurs with abandoned nests of the paper wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae). In this study, we report the occurrence involving the nesting of a potter wasp on a paper wasp’s nest. Such a record occurred in November 2021 in a segment of a deciduous forest, at Mata Seca State Park, Southeast Brazil. An abandoned Polistinae nest was found, with 14 cells sealed with mud, from which four male Pachodynerus nasidens individuals emerged. This record of P. nasidens reusing a Polistinae’s nest increases our knowledge of Eumeninae nesting strategies and on possible associations between different groups of vespid wasps.
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EBRAHIMI, EBRAHIM, und JAMES M. CARPENTER. „Catalog of the vespid wasps of Iran (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)“. Zootaxa 1785, Nr. 1 (06.06.2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1785.1.1.
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Fifty-one genera and 182 species of vespid wasps, belonging to four subfamilies, have been recorded from Iran. A catalog for the region is provided. Locality data for 64 species which were collected or examined during this study are presented. Among them, 10 species represent new records for Iran. An illustrated key to the recorded genera is also presented.
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Ramadhila, Yelsha, Hari Nugroho, Erfanus Jane und Intan Ahmad. „The polymorphism of vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) from Indonesia with morphology-based cladistic“. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 20, Nr. 2 (14.08.2023): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5994/jei.20.2.101.
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Wasps in the family of Vespidae often have a yellowish black color with white or brown markings, but some species have variations in their markings and coloring. There is limited information available about the distribution of these marking patterns within the Vespidae Family. To clarify their taxonomic status, this study aims to examine the marking patterns of Vespid wasps that are widely distributed in the Indonesian Archipelago and to explore correlations with their biogeographical distribution patterns. In this study, specimens from three different locations (Bandung, Sumedang, and Purworejo) and specimens from the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) were examined. A total of 31 individuals from five different species were analyzed based on their morphological features. The data collected was coded and analyzed using cladistic methods, and the results were used to create cladogram trees for each of the five species i.e., Phimenes flavopictus, Polistes stigma, Apodynerus troglodytes, Vespa affinis, and Vespa velutina, showing their biogeographical distribution. The cladistic analysis in this study showed the relationships between the different species based on their morphological characteristics. The arrangements of the clades were determined using the Euclidean method in R studio. The results showed that P. flavopictus has two clades based on the marking patterns on their thorax and abdomen, while the other species i.e., Po. stigma, V. affinis, V. velutina, and A. troglodytes have three clades based on their coloring and marking patterns on all segments. The distribution of the Vespidae species appears to be scattered, with their patterns randomly distributed among locations.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Vespidés"
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Perrard, Adrien. „Systématique et morphométrie géométrique : l'évolution de la nervation alaire au sein du genre Vespa (Hyménoptères, Vespidés)“. Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0026.
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La nervation alaire est un marqueur morphométrique souvent utilisé dans l’étude des insectes. Son emploi est cependant restreint à des groupes d’organismes modèles ou limité par la collecte du matériel sur le terrain. L’exploitation des collections d’histoire naturelle permet d’élargir l’utilisation de ce marqueur à des études plus vastes. En tant qu’insectes sociaux de taille importante, bien représentés en collections quoiqu’encore relativement peu connus, les frelons (genre Vespa) constituent un sujet intéressant pour tester l’utilisation de la nervation alaire à différentes échelles de la systématique. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser l’évolution de ce phénotype pour répondre à des questions biologiques sur les frelons à l’échelle des populations, comme au niveau intra- et interspécifique. Un protocole a été mis au point pour analyser la conformation des ailes par la morphométrie géométrique sans qu’il soit nécessaire de détacher les ailes des spécimens naturalisés. Au sein des populations, la conformation alaire reflète le dimorphisme sexuel mais aussi le dimorphisme de caste entre reines et ouvrières. La différence de taille entre castes n’a qu’une faible influence sur ce dimorphisme, suggérant que la métamorphose se déroule de façon différente entre reines et ouvrières. Supposé ancestral chez les frelons, le dimorphisme de caste semble avoir évolué de façon divergente au sein du genre car il diffère d’une espèce à l’autre. A l’échelle intra-spécifique, l’étude phylogéographique de Vespa velutina, un frelon prédateur d’abeilles devenu envahissant en Europe, a révélé l’existence de deux métapopulations en Asie dans l’aire d’origine de l’espèce : une métapopulation continentale (qui s’étend de l’Afghanistan à la Chine orientale) et une métapopulation Indonésienne (de Java à Timor et au Sulawesi). Ces résultats confirment la récente synonymie de V. Velutina et V. Auraria qui ne différent que par la coloration. L’évolution de la nervation alaire de V. Velutina s’avère partiellement congruente avec l’histoire des populations inférée à partir de marqueurs génétiques. L’analyse des covariances intra- et inter-populations suggère cependant que ce phénotype n’a pas évolué uniquement par dérive au sein de l’espèce mais peut être sujet à des sélections ou contraintes développementales différentes selon les populations. Enfin, la conformation de l’aile permet de distinguer et d’identifier 98% des frelons à l’espèce. Elle présente un signal phylogénétique significatif par rapport à la nouvelle phylogénie du genre, établie ici à partir de données morphologiques et moléculaires. Ces résultats suggèrent que la conformation des ailes pourrait être un caractère pertinent pour les analyses cladistiques. Au contraire, l’allométrie de l’aile n’est pas congruente avec l’évolution du genre et tend même à diverger fortement entre espèces-soeurs. La nervation alaire est donc variable selon le sexe, la caste et la population d’appartenance de l’individu et reflète partiellement les différences génétiques chez les frelons, facteur utile dans l’analyse de l’évolution des organismes et de leur relation à l’environnement. Les collections d’histoire naturelles, réservoirs importants de matériel d’étude, ouvrent l’emploi de ce marqueur à d’autres groupes d’insectes peu étudiés ou difficiles à collecter, permettant d’améliorer la représentativité taxonomique et géographique de ces futures étudesWing venation is often used as a marker to study insects through wing shape. However, analyses of this marker are most of the time restricted to model organisms or limited by the amount of specimens sampled. Using specimens from natural history collections is a way to perform broader studies. Although still relatively poorly known, hornets (genus Vespa) are large social insects well represented in collections. They are a good model to test the use of wing venation at different scales of systematics. This thesis aims to study the evolution of hornets and their wing shape in order to answer biological questions at populational, intra- and inter-specific level. Wing shape of pinned specimens from natural history collections can be assessed through geometric morphometrics without taking the wings off from specimens thanks to a new protocol described in this thesis. Within populations, sexual and female caste (queen and worker) dimorphisms in wing shape are significant. Size difference between castes has a low influence on wing shape dimorphism, suggesting that the metamorphosis occur differently between castes. Moreover, caste dimorphism which is an ancestral character in hornets appears to have evolved divergently among species of this highly social genus. Phylogeographic study of V. Velutina, a bee-hawking hornet invasive in Europe, shows that two meta-populations live within the original Asian distribution area of the species: a continental meta-population (from Afghanistan to East China) and an Indonesian one (from Java to Timor and Sulawesi). These results confirm the recent synonymy of V. Velutina and V. Auraria that differ only from coloration. V. Velutina’s wing shape diversity is partially congruent with genetic data, but the analysis of within- and between-populations covariance matrices showed that other factors played a role in wing shape evolution within the species, suggesting that this phenotype did not evolve through pure drift. Finally, wing shape allows identification of 98% of hornet specimens to species and shows a significant phylogenetic signal when compared to the new phylogeny of the genus developed here on the basis of morphological and molecular data. These results suggest that wing shape could be an interesting character to be included in cladistic analyses of insects. On the contrary, wing allometry is not congruent with this phylogeny and tends to shift drastically between closely-related species. Wing shape is thus influenced by caste, sex, and population origin of individuals and reflects partially genetic differences, making this marker useful in the study of organisms and their relation to the environment. Natural history collections enable the study of wing shape in many insect groups that would be difficult to collect, enhancing the taxonomic and geographic diversity of the sampling of future studies
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Marty, Simon. „Influence of social and ecological factors on the evolution of the olfactory system in Hymenoptera“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL039.
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Le mode de vie des animaux repose sur un ensemble de comportements qui nécessitent une détection et un traitement fiables de l'information sensorielle par les circuits neuronaux. Le système olfactif, qui perçoit l'environnement chimique, a été modelé par diverses pressions de sélections, entraînant une diversification de son organisation. L'ordre des Hyménoptères se révèle pertinent pour aborder la question de l'adaptation des traits sensoriels. Il englobe en effet plusieurs transitions écologiques ayant entraîné une grande diversité de modes de vie, de la phytophagie à la prédation, en passant par diverses formes de parasitisme ainsi que plusieurs transitions vers l'eusocialité. L'eusocialité est une forme avancée d'organisation sociale, où des individus aident d'autres individus apparentés à se reproduire au détriment de leur propre reproduction. Du fait de la vulnérabilité des comportements altruistes au parasitisme, les Hyménoptères eusociaux distinguent les membres de leur colonie des étrangers grâce à des mélanges de composés odorants, les hydrocarbures cuticulaires (CHCs). Les fourmis et les frelons détectent les CHCs via le sous-système des sensilles basiconiques, nommé le BaS, qui divise le premier centre olfactif (le lobe antennaire, LA). Les fourmis et les frelons étant indépendamment eusociaux et phylogénétiquement distants, nous avons cherché à retracer l'histoire évolutive du LA chez les Hyménoptères afin de déterminer si l'eusocialité ou d'autres facteurs écologiques participent à façonner le système olfactif. Nous avons d'abord étudié de ce trait en comparant la neuroanatomie de quatorze espèces recouvrant la phylogénie des Formicidae. Malgré des variations significatives dans le volume et le nombre de glomérules, nous avons observé une conservation de l'organisation du LA, avec un investissement relatif généralement constant dans BaS. Nos analyses ont révélé que des traits comportementaux ou sociaux ne semblent pas influencer le LA, mais que la complexité du mélange de CHC semble être un facteur potentiellement déterminant. Nous avons ensuite examiné les Vespidae, qui incluent deux émergences indépendantes de l'eusocialité avec des espèces solitaires apparentées, permettant ainsi de tester si le BaS constitue une adaptation favorisée par l'eusocialité ou un attribut préexistant, hérité d'ancêtres solitaires. Nous avons trouvé que les ancêtres solitaires des espèces sociales étaient déjà pourvus d'un BaS comprenant un grand nombre de glomérules. La distribution des glomérules entre le BaS et le reste du LA varie entre les différentes sous-familles eusociales, tandis que les espèces solitaires possèdent un nombre de glomérules similaire, voire supérieur, dans les deux régions du LA. Ces résultats suggèrent que l'eusocialité ne joue pas un rôle prédominant dans l'évolution du LA. Nous avons ensuite exploré les origines évolutives de ce sous-système en menant une étude comparative du LA chez les Hyménoptères. Nos résultats suggèrent que le BaS est généralement conservé chez la plupart des parasitoïdes, mais qu'il est réduit, voire absent chez les abeilles, ce qui laisse supposer que l'organisation globale du LA chez les Hyménoptères est influencée par le parasitisme et les comportements alimentaires. La variation du nombre d'unités fonctionnelles dans le LA semble être indépendante de l'eusocialité et semble aussi refléter des différences dans les régimes alimentaires. Cette étude comble une lacune importante dans notre connaissance du système olfactif des hyménoptères et apporte un éclairage nouveau sur son évolutionAnimal lifestyles depend on a set of adaptive behaviours that rely on the accurate detection and processing of sensory information within neural circuits. The olfactory system, which perceives the chemical environment, has evolved under diverse selective pressure, diversifying its neural circuits. Hymenoptera represents an ideal order for studying the principles of sensory system adaptation, owing to their diverse lifestyles. From plant feeding to predation, and from diverse forms of parasitism to the repeated evolution of cooperative social structures, Hymenoptera provide numerous opportunities for comparative studies of neural trait evolution. Particularly, eusociality is an advanced form of social organisation, where individuals refrain from their own reproduction for the benefit of reproducing relatives. Due to the vulnerability of altruistic behaviour to exploitation, the evolution of eusociality is hypothesised to be intimately linked with the development of efficient recognition and communication systems. In insects, this recognition involves the perception of odorous compounds known as cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), facilitating the discrimination of social partners. In ants and hornets, the detection of CHCs is known to involve the basiconic sensilla subsystem (BaS), which represents a morphological division within the first olfactory processing centre of the brain, the antennal lobe (AL). Given that eusociality evolved independently from solitary ancestors in these two taxa, our investigation focuses on the origin and diversification of this sensory specialisation across solitary and social Hymenoptera, aiming to uncover the influence of social and ecological factors on the olfactory system. We first conducted a comparative study of neural traits within the olfactory system of fourteen ant species distributed across the Formicidae phylogeny. We found that the general organisation of the ant olfactory system is conserved across species, despite remarkable differences in neuropil volume and number of glomeruli. Although we did not identify clear behavioural, ecological, or social traits potentially shaping AL elaboration, our results identified the species-specific complexity of CHC blend composition as a potential driver of neural investment in the BaS subsystem. Then, concentrating on the Vespidae, in which eusociality emerged twice independently, we asked if the BaS subsystem could represent an adaptation driven by the social lifestyle or if it was a pre-existing attribute inherited from solitary ancestors. Based on extensive neuroanatomical data, we show that the solitary ancestors of social species were already equipped with an elaborated BaS subsystem. Moreover, we found divergent AL investment between the different eusocial subfamilies, while solitary species exhibited similar or even greater investment in AL glomeruli. These findings suggest that eusociality has probably not been a major driver of AL evolution. Finally, we investigated the evolutionary origins and elaboration of the BaS subsystem by carrying out a broad comparative neuroanatomical study of the AL across the Hymenoptera. Our data suggest that the BaS subsystem is conserved across most parasitoid and aculeate clades. However, it is remarkably reduced or even lost in bees, indicating that the overall AL organisation in Hymenoptera evolved under strong selection pressure associated with dietary behaviour, rather than the level of social organisation. These studies fill important gaps in our understanding of sensory evolution in Hymenoptera and provide valuable insights into the specific roles of ecological and social factors in driving sensory adaptation
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Felippotti, Giovanna Tocchini. „Estudos morfométricos sobre a diferenciação de castas em Dolichovesputa maculata Linnaeus 1763 (hymenoptera: Vespidea: Vespinae) e Protopolybia chartergoides Gribodo 1891 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Poistinae)“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59131/tde-10072007-105743/.
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As vespas sociais são importantes no estudo da evolução do comportamento social por suas colônias apresentarem diferentes graus de diferenciação de castas ? desde morfologicamente similares até distintas, associado à eventual presença de fêmeas intermediárias, que apresentam ovários desenvolvidos e não são inseminadas. Dentro da família Vespidae são encontrados três subfamílias de vespas sociais, Stenogastrinae, Polistinae e Vespinae. A diferenciação entre as castas é interessante, pois ausência de diferenciação entre as castas foi visto em Stenogastrinae, enquanto que em Vespinae, o dimorfismo entre elas é bastante evidente. Já em Polistinae, a diferenciação de castas tanto pode ser tanto discreta quanto distinta, tornando-a intermediária entre Vespinae e Stenogastrinae. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as diferenças morfológicas e fisiológicas entre as castas de Protopolybia chartergoides (Polistinae) e Dolichovespula maculata (Vespinae) por meio de análises morfométricas, associadas com análises estatísticas multivariadas e avaliações fisiológicas do desenvolvimento ovariano das fêmeas. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as diferenças morfológicas entre as castas de P. chartergoides foram baixas e diferenças fisiológicas foram encontradas, destacando três tipos de fêmeas: rainhas, operárias e intermediárias. Em D. maculata, a diferenciação morfológica é evidente e as diferenças fisiológicas indicaram a clara distinção entre rainhas e operárias, e ausência de intermediárias. Deste modo foi possível sugerir que Protopolybia chartergoides apresenta diferenciação de castas pós-imaginal (ou uma forma muito sutil de diferenciação pré-imaginal) e Dolichovespula maculata apresenta determinação pré-imaginal.
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Pickett, Kurt Milton. „Evolution of transitional forms behavior, colony dynamics, and phylogenetics of social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) /“. Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1069869798.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 271 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 252-265). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Żyła, Waldemar. „Kopułkowate (Vespidae: Eumeninae) Polski“. Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/17631.
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This PhD thesis contains a checklist of the 53 species of potter wasps (subfamily Eumeninae) recorded to date in Poland, together with identification keys for the subfamilies, genera and species occurring in this country. The supraspecific taxa have been diagnosed, and each species is described in detail. Data are provided on the distribution of all the Polish species, and an attempt has been made to update and systematize knowledge of the biology of Eumeninae.
This research was based on collections from museums and other scientific institutions: the Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Warsaw), the Natural History Museum of the University of Wrocław, the Natural History Museum of the University of Łódź, the Upper Silesian Museum (Bytom), the Museum of Silesian Opole, the Institute of Animal Evolution and Systematics of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Kraków) and the Jan Kochanowski University (Kielce). Accessible private collections and materials from the author’s own field research were also delved into. Where voucher specimens from Poland were not available for comparative purposes, relevant specimens from other European countries were examined (in collections at the Upper Silesian Museum (Bytom) and the Institute of Zoology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg)). The potter wasps were identified under a Nikon SMZ 1000 stereomicroscope. To produce the drawings, the insects were photographed using a camera synchronized with a Nikon SMZ 1500 microscope. The identification keys were based on morphological characters and illustrated with the author’s own original drawings produced with the aid of CorelDRAW X5. The distribution data were mapped on the UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) 10 x 10 km grid.
A total of 11 266 specimens of Eumeninae from Poland were identified and analysed, as were a further 1474 specimens from 19 other European countries for comparative purposes. Based on the available data, the species recorded in Poland were assigned to 10 zoogeographical units in accordance with Mazur’s (2001) approach. The seasonal occurrence dynamics of potter wasps was analysed and their frequency defined in order to highlight species that are extremely rare in Poland. The distributions of potter wasps in the country’s zoogeographical regions were also analysed and compared with the relevant fauna from neighbouring countries. The account of each species contains a list of synonyms with references to the literature concerning Poland, a detailed description of both the male and female, taxonomic comments facilitating its identification, a phenology chart, data on its worldwide distribution and aspects of its biology, such as preferred habitats, nesting sites, flower species visited, larval food, parasites/parasitoids and flight period. The distributional data for each species in Poland are given in the text in catalogue form. The species distributions are illustrated on the basis of the maps of the zoogeographical regions of Poland taken from the Catalogue of Polish Fauna (Burakowski et al. 1978).
Four species have been recorded in Poland for the first time – Microdynerus longicollis F. Morawitz, 1895, Stenodynerus bluethgeni van der Vecht, 1971, Stenodynerus clypeopictus (Kostylev, 1940), Stenodynerus picticrus (Thomson, 1874). In addition, Allodynerus rossii (Lepeletier, 1841) has been rediscovered after an interval of more than 90 years. The presence in Poland of Ancistrocerus auctus (Fabricius, 1793) and Eumenes pomiformis (Fabricius, 1781) is regarded as doubtful: all the relevant data are from the literature, and no voucher specimens are obtainable from either collections or current studies. This research has confirmed that the following three species, earlier erroneously recorded as occurring in Poland, do not in fact occur in the country: Microdynerus nugdunensis (Saussure, 1856), Stenodynerus punctifrons (Thomson, 1874) and Symmorphus fuscipes Herrich-Schaeffer, 1838.
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Stewart, Stephanie A. „Reproduction partitioning in polygyne nests of the yellowjacket Vespula squamosa /“. View online, 2000. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211130921726.pdf.
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Klein, Ricardo Pablo. „Vespas e abelhas são equivalentes quanto aos seus padrões de visitação floral ?“ reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/187233.
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Interações ecológicas mutualísticas são aquelas que trazem benefícios para todos os organismos envolvidos. A visitação floral fornece alimento para os animais visitantes, enquanto possibilita a reprodução sexuada em plantas. Enquanto isso, a teoria da síndrome de dispersão supõe que existem certos atributos florais (incluindo recompensas) capazes de atrair certos polinizadores e afastar outros. O declínio de abelhas tem sido reportado em todo o mundo, e encontrar espécies ecologicamente equivalentes é crucial para a preservação da biodiversidade. Vespas possuem funções ecológicas semelhantes às abelhas apesar de não dependerem exclusivamente de pólen e néctar para sobreviver. O objetivo deste projeto de pesquisa foi avaliar as diferenças da visitação floral entre abelhas/plantas e vespas/plantas. O primeiro capítulo possui uma abordagem de redes de interação. O segundo capítulo apresenta uma abordagem multivariada onde avaliamos as diferenças entre as plantas de acordo com os himenópteros visitantes florais. Nós realizamos as coletas em unidades de conservação do município de Porto Alegre. Em cada área de estudo, foram definidas transecções em três ambientes distintos: campo, mata e borda entre estes. As amostragens em cada transecção ocorreram entre horários de 9h e 17h. Durante este período, foram observadas as plantas em floração, entre 20 cm a 4 m de altura, e seus himenópteros visitantes florais coletados com o auxílio de rede entomológica durante 10 minutos em cada planta. As métricas de rede foram calculadas do programa R com o pacote Bipartite. Vespas e abelhas são visitantes florais distintos quanto a seus padrões de redes de interação. Vespas seriam capazes de manter apenas a metade da diversidade vegetal através da polinização após eventos hipotéticos de extinção de abelhas. Através da abordagem multivariada, as plantas visitadas por vespas e por abelhas não formaram grupos distintos. Quanto maior a abertura da corola da flor, menor é a visitação floral de vespas. Concluímos que vespas podem ser polinizadores auxiliares para a manutenção da diversidade vegetal, apesar de serem capazes de manter menor diversidade vegetal em cenários de extinção de abelhas. Além disso, os atributos florais de vespas e abelhas não são diferentes entre si, apontando para o fato de que vespas podem ser polinizadores de um maior número de plantas do que o previsto.Mutualistic ecological interactions are those that bring benefits to all involved organisms. Floral visitation provides food for visiting animals, while allowing sexual reproduction in plants. Meanwhile, the dispersion syndrome theory assumes that there are certain floral attributes (including rewards) that can attract certain pollinators and drive away others. The decline of bees has been reported worldwide and finding ecologically equivalent species is crucial to the preservation of biodiversity. Wasps have ecological functions like bees although they do not depend exclusively on pollen and nectar to survive. The objective of this research was to evaluate the differences in floral visitation between bees/plants and wasps/plants. The first chapter has an interaction network approach. The second chapter presents a multivariate approach where we evaluate differences between plants according to the floral visiting wasps and bees. We carried out sampling in conservation units of the municipality of Porto Alegre. In each study area, transects were defined in three distinct environments: grassland, forest and edges between them. Sampling at each transection occurred between 9 and 17 h. During this period, flowering plants from 20 cm to 4 m tall were observed, and their floral visiting Hymenoptera collected with the aid of an entomological net for 10 min on each plant. The network metrics were calculated with R software with the Bipartite package. Wasps and bees are distinctive floral visitors given their different patterns of interaction networks. Wasps maintain half of the plant diversity after the hypothetical events of bee extinction. Under a multivariate approach, plants visited by wasps and bees did not form distinct groups. The widder the corolla of the flower, the less is the floral visitation of wasps. We conclude that wasps can be secondary pollinators for the maintenance of plant diversity, although they are able to maintain lower plant diversity in bee’s extinction scenarios. In addition, the floral attributes of wasps and bees are not different from each other, pointing to the fact that wasps may be pollinators of a larger number of plants than predicted.
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Oliveira, Otavio Augusto Lima de [UNESP]. „Forrageio de vespas enxameadoras neotropicais (Vespidae, Epiponini)“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100516.
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000715095.pdf: 794192 bytes, checksum: ef435434e877850c82cbc72c82188959 (MD5)Os Epiponini formam um conjunto de gêneros de vespas sociais que popularmente são conhecidas como marimbondos. É um grupo bem conhecido taxonomicamente e revela grande diversidade. Um aspecto importante para seu entendimento se dá pela descrição do forrageio das espécies. Nos Epiponini, vários trabalhos vem sendo realizados ao longo dos anos, porém ainda temos um longo caminho pela frente para um entendimento sólido do grupo todo. A literatura que envolve o estudo do forrageio em vespas sociais, é pontual em sua maioria e ainda utilizam apenas um gênero como objeto de estudo. Uma característica associada a esse fato talvez seja a dificuldade encontrada para realizar estudos de forrageio em vespas sociais. Propomos com este trabalho estudar o forrageio do grupo Epiponini de uma maneira mais ampla, abrangendo um número maior de espécies. Sabemos que o forrageio de recursos tem papel primordial na manutenção das colônias dos Epiponíneos, pois é através dele que recursos fundamentais para a manutenção das colônias são coletados. Entender melhor como é feito o forrageio de vespas sociais ajuda a esclarecer fatores no ciclo colonial das diferentes espécies
he epiponines form a group of social wasps genera popularly known as ‘’marimbondos”. It is a group well known taxonomically and shows great diversity. An important part to the understanding this group is the description of the foraging of the species. In Epiponini, several works have been performed over the years, but we still have a long way for a solid understanding of the entire group. Most studies in the literature involving foraging in social wasps, are punctual, and still use just one genus as study object. A feature associated with that fact may be the difficulty for studies of foraging in social wasps. We propose in this paper to study the foraging of the Epiponini covering a larger number of species. We know that the foraging resource has crucial role to the maintenance of epiponines colonies. Better understand how it is done foraging social wasps helps clarify factors in the colony cycle of the different species
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Alvarenga, Raphaela de Barros. „Vespas sociais (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) em áreas antrópicas“. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1620.
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As vespas sociais estão amplamente distribuídas em todo o continente. No ambiente urbano tem se observado a nidificação de algumas espécies de vespas sociais em locais próximos a presença humana, como por exemplo, a espécie Mischocyttarus cassununga. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram verificar a ocorrência de vespas sociais em jardins urbanos, durante a estação quente e úmida; e fria e seca e avaliar a agressividade, o comportamento de defesa e o desenvolvimento das colônias de M. cassununga, diante de perturbações nos ninhos e simulação de ataques de formigas, no município de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Para verificar a ocorrência de vespas sociais em jardins urbanos, o estudo foi conduzido durante um ano, em sete jardins urbanos, com seis vistorias em cada estação. Durante a estação quente e úmida foram encontradas 145 colônias: Protopolybia exigua (n= 81), Polybia platycephala (n=40) e Mischocyttarus cassununga (n=24). Já na estação fria e seca foram encontradas 87 colônias: P. exigua (n=47), P. platycephala (n=29) e M. cassununga (n=11). Na estação quente e úmida a densidade foi superior para todas as espécies. Nas duas estações o índice de dominância para as colônias de P. exigua (d=0,55) foi superior em relação às outras espécies encontradas (d= 0,30 para P. platycephala e d=0,15 para M. cassununga). Todas as colônias nidificavam em vegetação: Livistona chinensis (n=161) e Dracaena fragans (n=71). O número de colônias encontradas demonstrou uma forte correlação positiva com o tamanho da área verde arbórea (r=0,9643; p=0,0005) e com o tamanho da área verde de nidificação (r=0,8571; p=0,0137), assim como com o tamanho da área total dos jardins urbanos(r=0,9286; p=0,0025). A altura das colônias em relação ao solo variou de dois a mais de quatro metros. As espécies que estavam entre dois e quatro metros de altura foi significativamente maior (χ²=21,930; p<0,0001) do que as colônias encontradas nas demais alturas. Para avaliar o comportamento de defesa da espécie M. cassununga, o estudo foi realizado entre os meses de abril a julho de 2011 no campus da Universidade Federal de Juiz Fora, utilizando-se sete colônias controle e sete colônias tratamento. As colônias foram mapeadas e durante 18 dias as colônias tratamento foram perturbadas com uma bola de malha vermelha agitada. Posteriormente foi feita uma simulação de ataque de formigas contra todas as colônias (controle e tratamento). Os resultados mostraram que durante a perturbação com a bola as colônias se apresentaram mais agressivas no começo e possivelmente se habituaram a bola com o decorrer da perturbação. Durante a simulação de ataque de formigas, não houve diferença significativa (z=0,133; p=0,895) na freqüência comportamental entre as colônias controle e tratamento. O desenvolvimento dos imaturos também não demonstrou diferença significativa para ovos (z=1,351; p=0,177), larvas (z=1,293; p=0,196) e pupas (z=0,925; p=0,355) entre as colônias controle e tratamento. Porém houve uma diferença significativa (z=2,300; p=0,021) no desaparecimento de ovos entre as colônias controle e tratamento. Houve também uma diferença significativa entre o desaparecimento de larvas das colônias controle e tratamento de M. cassununga (z=2,108; p=0,035). Com este estudo foi possível perceber que há uma maior ocorrência das vespas sociais na estação quente e úmida em jardins urbanos e uma relação direta entre a presença de recursos oferecidos nesta estação e a ocorrência de vespas sociais. Foi possível demonstrar também que apesar da baixa agressividade, as colônias de M. cassununga exibem comportamentos agressivos em defesa de suas colônias e que as perturbações influenciam no desaparecimento de imaturos (ovos e larvas), diminuindo o surgimento de novos adultos.
The social wasps are widely distributed around the continent. In the urban environment has been observed the nesting of some social wasps species and their socialization with the human presence, for exemple the specie Mischocyttarus cassununga. The objectives of this study were to verify the occurrence of social wasps in urban gardens during the hot, humid, cold and dry and evaluate their aggression, and colonies defensive behavior development of M. cassununga, about turmoil in nests and of ants attacks simutalions, in the Juiz de Fora municipality , Minas Gerais. To check the occurrence of social wasps in urban gardens, the study was conducted during one year in seven urban gardens, making six surveys at each station. During the hot and humid 145 colonies were found: Protopolybia exigua (n=81), Polybia platycephala (n=40) and Mischocyttarus cassununga (n=24). In the cold season and dry 87 colonies were found: P. exigua (n=47), P. platycephala (n=29) and M. cassununga (n=11). In the hot and humid the density was higher in all species. In two seasons "the" dominance index for colonies of P. exigua (d=0.55) was superior compared to other species found (d=0.30 for P. platycephala and d=0.15 for M. cassununga). All colonies nesting in vegetation: Livistonia chinensis (n=161) and Dracaena fragans (n=71). The number of colonies found showed a strong positive correlation with the size of green tree (r=0.9643, p=0.0005) and with the size of nesting green area (r=0.8571, p=0.0137), as well as the total area size of urban gardens (r=0.9286, p=0.0025). The height colonies from the ground ranged from two tand four meters more. The species that was between two and four meters in height was significantly higher (χ²=21.930; p<0.0001) than those found in other colonies heights. To evaluate the defense of M. cassununga specie, the study was conducted between April and July 2011 on the campus of University Juiz de Fora, using seven control colonies and seven treatment colonies. The colonies were mapped and during 18 days the treatment colonies were disturbed by a agitated restless ball of red. It was later made a mock attack against all ant colonies (control and treatment). The results showed during the disturbance with the ball the colonies had more aggressive in the beginning and possibly have accustomed to the ballduring the perturbation. During the attack simulation by ants, there was no significant difference (z=0.133, p=0.895) in the behavior frequency between control and treatment colonies. The immature development also showed no significant difference for eggs (z=1.351, p=0.177), larvae (z=1.293, p=0.196) and pupas (z=0.925, p=0.355) between control colonies and treatment colonies. However, there was a significant difference (z=2.300, p=0.021) in disappearance of eggs between the control and treatment colonies. There was also a significant difference between the disappearance of larvae from control and treatment colonies M. cassununga (z=2.108, p=0.035). With this study it was revealed that there is a higher occurrence of social wasps in the hot season and humid in urban gardens and a direct relationship between the features presence offered in this season and the occurrence of social wasps. It was also possible to demonstrate that despite the low aggressiveness, the colonies M. cassununga showed aggressive behavior in defense of their colonies and that disturbances influence the disappearance of immature (eggs and larvae), reducing the emergence of new adults.
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Oliveira, Otavio Augusto Lima de. „Forrageio de vespas enxameadoras neotropicais (Vespidae, Epiponini) /“. São José do Rio Preto, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100516.
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Resumo: Os Epiponini formam um conjunto de gêneros de vespas sociais que popularmente são conhecidas como marimbondos. É um grupo bem conhecido taxonomicamente e revela grande diversidade. Um aspecto importante para seu entendimento se dá pela descrição do forrageio das espécies. Nos Epiponini, vários trabalhos vem sendo realizados ao longo dos anos, porém ainda temos um longo caminho pela frente para um entendimento sólido do grupo todo. A literatura que envolve o estudo do forrageio em vespas sociais, é pontual em sua maioria e ainda utilizam apenas um gênero como objeto de estudo. Uma característica associada a esse fato talvez seja a dificuldade encontrada para realizar estudos de forrageio em vespas sociais. Propomos com este trabalho estudar o forrageio do grupo Epiponini de uma maneira mais ampla, abrangendo um número maior de espécies. Sabemos que o forrageio de recursos tem papel primordial na manutenção das colônias dos Epiponíneos, pois é através dele que recursos fundamentais para a manutenção das colônias são coletados. Entender melhor como é feito o forrageio de vespas sociais ajuda a esclarecer fatores no ciclo colonial das diferentes espécies
Abstract: he epiponines form a group of social wasps genera popularly known as 'marimbondos". It is a group well known taxonomically and shows great diversity. An important part to the understanding this group is the description of the foraging of the species. In Epiponini, several works have been performed over the years, but we still have a long way for a solid understanding of the entire group. Most studies in the literature involving foraging in social wasps, are punctual, and still use just one genus as study object. A feature associated with that fact may be the difficulty for studies of foraging in social wasps. We propose in this paper to study the foraging of the Epiponini covering a larger number of species. We know that the foraging resource has crucial role to the maintenance of epiponines colonies. Better understand how it is done foraging social wasps helps clarify factors in the colony cycle of the different species
Doutor
Bücher zum Thema "Vespidés"
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Ishay, Jacob S. ʻOlamah shel ha-tsirʻah ha-mizraḥit. [Tel Aviv]: Miśrad ha-biṭaḥon, 2000.
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2
Das, Bina Pani. The social wasps of India and the adjacent countries (Hymenoptera:Vespidae): An illustrated account of the vespid fauna of the Indian subregion. Gainesville, Fla., U.S.A. (P.O. Box 13148, Gainesville, Fla., U.S.A. 32604-1148): Association for the Study of Oriental Insects, 1989.
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3
Rusina, L. I︠U︡. Strukturno-funkt︠s︡ionalʹnai︠a︡ organizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ populi︠a︡t︠s︡iĭ os-polistov (Hymenoptera:Vespidae): Structure and functional organization of polistes wasps population (Hymenoptera:Vespidae). Sankt-Peterburg: Zoologicheskiĭ in-t RAN, 2009.
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4
Archer, Michael E. A key to the world species of the vespinae (Hymenoptera). York: College of Ripon & York St. John, Academic Board Research Committee, 1989.
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Gadagkar, Raghavendra. Reproductive competition and behavioural caste differentiation in the neotropical wasp Polistes Versicolor (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Bangalore, India: Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, 1986.
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Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. Centre for Ecological Sciences., Hrsg. Belonogaster, Mischocyttarus, Parapolybia, and independent founding Ropalidia. Bangalore, India: Indian Institute of Science, Centre for Ecological Science, 1990.
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Cumming, Jeffrey Malcolm. Classification and evolution of the eumenine wasp genus Symmorphus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Ottawa: Entomological Society of Canada, 1989.
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Cumming, Jeffrey Malcolm. Classification and evolution of the eumenine wasp genus Symmorphus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Ottawa: Entomological Society of Canada, 1989.
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Spoo, Al. The communal wasps and bees of the Atlantic States (Maine to Georgia). Landisville, Pa: Coachwhip Publications, 2012.
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Ross, Edward Shearman. Yellowjackets. [Mankato, MN]: Child's World, 1993.
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1
Heppner, John B., John B. Heppner, John L. Capinera, Jamie Ellis, Andrey N. Alekseev, Phyllis G. Weintraub, John L. Capinera et al. „Vespidae“. In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 4095. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_3972.
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2
Matsuura, Makoto, und Seiki Yamane. „The Vespines and Man“. In Biology of the Vespine Wasps, 253–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75230-8_12.
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3
Cowan, David P. „2. The Solitary and Presocial Vespidae“. In The Social Biology of Wasps, herausgegeben von Kenneth G. Ross und Robert W. Matthews, 33–73. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501718670-005.
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Mauss, Volker, Kenneth Kuba und Harald W. Krenn. „Evolution of the Multifunctional Mouthparts of Adult Vespidae“. In Insect Mouthparts, 443–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29654-4_14.
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Golden, David B. K. „Vespid Allergy: Yellow Jackets, Hornets and Wasps“. In Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology, 672–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9194-1_228.
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Hunt, James H. „12. Nourishment and the Evolution of the Social Vespidae“. In The Social Biology of Wasps, herausgegeben von Kenneth G. Ross und Robert W. Matthews, 426–50. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501718670-015.
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Ivanov, Vladimir P. „Behavioural Features and Communication in Social Wasps Vespula (Vespidae, Hymenoptera)“. In Sensory Systems and Communication in Arthropods, 149–53. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6410-7_26.
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Carpenter, James M. „1. Phylogenetic Relationships and the Origin of Social Behavior in the Vespidae“. In The Social Biology of Wasps, herausgegeben von Kenneth G. Ross und Robert W. Matthews, 7–32. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501718670-004.
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Ye, Huagu, Chuyuan Li, Wencai Ye, Feiyan Zeng, Fangfang Liu, Yuanyuan Liu, Faguo Wang, Yushi Ye, Lin Fu und Jianrong Li. „Medicinal Angiosperms of Leporidae, Meloidae, Veneridae, Ranidae, Dendrophylliidae, Cercopithecidae, Blattidae, Scolopendridae, and Vespidae“. In Common Chinese Materia Medica, 109–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5924-9_7.
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West-Eberhard, Mary Jane, James M. Carpenter und Paul E. Hanson. „The vespid wasps (Vespidae)“. In The Hymenoptera of Costa Rica, 561–87. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198549055.003.0015.
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Abstract Classification and distribution. Traditionally (e.g. Spradbery, 1973b; Krombein in Krombein et al., 1979; Gauld & Bolton, 1988) this group has been divided into three families, the Masaridae, Eumenidae and Vespidae. However, following Carpenter ‘s (1982) phylogenetic analysis, it has become increasingly accepted that all should be united in a single family, the Vespidae. This family is now classified in six apparently monophyletic subfamilies (Carpenter, 1982, 1991); their postulated phylogenetic relationships are shown in Fig. 15.02.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Vespidés"
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Longair, Robert W. „Vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Canada“. In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113989.
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Čeřovský, Václav, Rudolf Ježek, Vladimír Fučík und Jiřina Slaninová. „Antimicrobial peptides from the venom of Vespidae“. In Xth Conference Biologically Active Peptides. Prague: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/css200709025.
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Piekarski, Patrick. „Vespidae phylogenomics and the origins of eusociality“. In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114784.
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Moraes, Thyago Diogo Rocha, ESTER AZEVEDO DO AMARAL, ALEXANDRE SOMAVILLA und MAYANA CRISTINA PEREIRA MARQUES. „DIVERSIDADE DE VESPIDAE (INSECTA: HYMENOPTERA) EM RESERVA AMBIENTAL LOCALIZADA NA AMAZÔNIA LEGAL MARANHENSE, SÃO JOSÉ DE RIBAMAR – MA.“ In II Congresso Brasileiro de Biodiversidade Virtual. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e meio ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/ii-conbiv/5472.
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Introdução: As florestas tropicais, que abrigam pelo menos metade da diversidade biológica do mundo, destacam-se como um dos ecossistemas mais afetados pela ação antrópica, tendo no processo de fragmentação a principal causa da perca dessa diversidade. Os vespídeos (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae) merecem destaque entre os organismos que atuam na manutenção dos ecossistemas, pois interagem com diversos grupos, sendo classificados como predadores, polinizadores, e ainda algumas espécies são consideradas bioindicadores de estado de conservação. Objetivo: Deste modo, objetivou-se realizar o levantamento de insetos da família Vespidae, em uma reserva ambiental localizada na Amazônia legal maranhense na cidade de São José de Ribamar – MA. Material e Metodos: Foram delimitadas três áreas dentro de uma reserva de 635 ha, sendo realizadas três amostragens entre os meses de agosto a dezembro de 2021. Os espécimes foram coletados através do método de armadilha atrativa confeccionadas com garrafas ‘PET’ (Polietileno Tereftalato) de dois litros, e foram instaladas à 1,5m do solo, com adição de 100ml de melaço de cana como atrativo. A área de estudo recebeu 10 transectos paralelos a uma trilha pré-existente, sendo 20 armadilhas por área e 60 no total. Resultados: Foram coletados 75 espécimes de Vespidae pertencentes a subfamília Polistinae (vespas sociais), tribo Epiponini (enxameantes), distribuídos em quatro gêneros. Na primeira área, foi coletado Agelaia (2) e Polybia (3). Na segunda, ocorreu Synoeca (1), Agelaia (4), Apoica (14) e Polybia (1). Na terceira área, verificou Agelaia (44) e Polybia (6). Conclusão: Observou-se, até o momento que nas áreas mais modificadas houve um maior número de espécimes e gêneros, corroborando a ideia de que os vespídeos muitas vezes preferem habitar ambientes mais antropizados com maior grau de sucessão, ao invés de áreas mais conservadas.
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Fossdal, Frikk H., Vinh Nguyen, Rogardt Heldal, Corie L. Cobb und Nadya Peek. „Vespidae: A Programming Framework for Developing Digital Fabrication Workflows“. In DIS '23: Designing Interactive Systems Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596106.
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Duarte, Jaymess Roberth, Laurielha Arcendina Da Silva und Gabriel De Castro Jacques. „DIVERSIDADE DE VESPAS SOCIAIS (VESPIDAE: POLISTINAE) NO IFMG – CAMPUS BAMBUÍ: DADOS ATUALIZADOS“. In I Congresso Brasileiro On-line de Biologia de Insetos. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/2301.
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Introdução: As vespas são insetos da ordem Hymenoptera, família Vespidae, e apresentam diferentes hábitos de vida, podendo ser solitárias ou sociais. As vespas sociais, da subfamília Polistinae, polinizam uma grande diversidade de plantas e predam insetos fitófagos que causam grandes prejuízos para a agricultura. As ações do homem podem influenciar diretamente no modo de vida desses insetos, sendo que alguns são sensíveis a mudanças ambientais, colocando em risco espécies que ainda nem foram estudadas. O levantamento e identificação de vespas sociais, principalmente em ambientes predominantemente agrícolas, são os primeiros passos para identificar espécies ideais para uso em programas de controle biológico de pragas. A quantidade de estudo de diversidade de vespas sociais vem aumentando no Brasil, principalmente em Minas Gerais, porém a maioria deles são focados em ambientes naturais, sendo que as áreas antropizadas são pouco estudadas. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é atualizar a biodiversidade de vespas sociais no IFMG – campus Bambuí, através da revisão de trabalhos realizados na área. Material e Métodos: O IFMG – campus Bambuí é um ambiente antropizado, com presença de vários prédios e uma grande área agrícola. Há registros da diversidade de vespas sociais em três artigos publicados por Jacques e colaboradores nesta área. Resultados: Em um primeiro trabalho em 2015 foram registradas 29 espécies. Em um segundo trabalho em 2018, quatro novas espécies foram encontradas no campus. Já em um terceiro trabalho em 2020, mais uma espécie foi identificada na área. Sendo assim, temos agora no IFMG – campus Bambuí o registro de 34 espécies em 9 gêneros de vespas sociais, um alto valor comparado com outros estudos. Conclusão: A área de estudo possui um ambiente bastante diversificado, o que pode ajudar a explicar o grande número de espécies coletadas, uma vez que ambientes estruturalmente mais heterogêneos e complexos podem favorecer a coexistência de um maior número de espécies devido à maior disponibilidade de microhabitats, maior proteção contra predadores e maior disposição e diversidade de recursos alimentares e substrato para nidificação.
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Feás, Xesús, M. Pilar Vázquez-Tato und Julio A. Seijas. „Asian Hornet, Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836 (Hym.: Vespidae), Venom Obtention Based on an Electric Stimulation Protocol“. In ECSOC-25. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-25-11723.
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Fraga-López, Francisco, Xesús Feás, M. Pilar Vázquez-Tato und Julio A. Seijas. „Extraction and physicochemical characterization of chitin derived from the Asian hornet, Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836 (Hym.: Vespidae)“. In The 23rd International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-23-06651.
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Ogol, I. N. „The species composition of the predators of Polistes wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Donetsk City and the peculiarities of their interaction with prey“. In Eurasian Symposium on Hymenoptera (III Symposium of CIS Countries). St Petersburg: Russian Entomological Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47640/1605-7678_2015_86_2_85.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBerichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Vespidés"
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Hu, Xu, und Yiwu Zhou. Prediction models for prognosis of vespidae sting: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, März 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.3.0076.
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Pulgarín Díaz, John Alexander, Lucas Esteban Cano Gallego, Andres Fabián Herrera Florez und Jhon Alveiro Quiroz Gamboa. First report of Zethus schadei Bohart y Stange 1965 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) as natural enemy of Hypsipyla grandella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Colombia. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2013.2.
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El barrenador de los brotes de Meliaceae, Hypsipyla grandella, es una de las plagas forestales más importantes del mundo. Ataca crípticamente el meristemo apical de especies de Meliaceae, como Cedrela, Swietenia y Carapa, sus daños bifurcan los árboles y el tronco más valioso, alcanzando hasta el 100% de árboles de una plantación forestal, lo que hace inviables las plantaciones de alta densidad. Se informan casos donde se logró el control total de H. grandella con prácticas, efectos de sombreado, fertilización y mejora del crecimiento, sin embargo, los mecanismos no eran bien interpretados. Las prácticas de manejo integrado de plagas (MIP) para H. grandella requieren más conocimiento sobre su biología, incluida la interacción con sus anfitriones y enemigos naturales.