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Han, Tingting, Huijun Wang, Xin Hao und Shangfeng Li. „Seasonal Prediction of Midsummer Extreme Precipitation Days over Northeast China“. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 58, Nr. 9 (September 2019): 2033–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-18-0253.1.
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AbstractNortheast China (NEC) has sustained economic losses in recent years because of extreme precipitation events. Despite many efforts, it remains very difficult to predict these extreme events. In this study, we documented the characteristics of extreme precipitation days (EPD) over NEC and established a seasonal prediction model using a year-to-year increment (DY) approach. The results show that most of the EPD over NEC occurred during midsummer, along with large values concentrated over the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains and Changbai Mountain. Two variables—the preceding early spring soil moisture DY over central Asia and the sea surface temperature DY in the tropical Atlantic Ocean—were used to construct the statistical model to predict the EPD DY over NEC. These two factors influenced the EPD by modulating the moisture transport over NEC. Cross-validation tests for the period from 1962 to 2016 and independent hindcasts for the period from 1997 to 2016 indicated that the two variables gave good predictions of the EPD over NEC. The observed and predicted year-to-year increments in EPD were well correlated, with a correlation coefficient of 0.65 for the period from 1962 to 2016 in the cross-validation test. In addition, the EPD DY covaried coherently with the midsummer precipitation amount DY over NEC, and those two predictors also gave good predictions for the midsummer precipitation amount over NEC. The correlation coefficient is 0.68 between the observed and predicted year-to-year increment in the amount of midsummer precipitation from 1962 to 2016 in a cross-validation test.
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Hufenbach, W., M. Gude und R. Protz. „Modeling of the Strain Rate Dependent Material Behavior of 3D-Textile Composites with Production and Operational Defects“. Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.651.
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This paper concerned with modeling of the strain rate dependent material behavior of 3D-textile composites with simultaneous consideration of production and operational (e.g. pores or fatigue damage) defects. Therefore an additive model in the sense of continuum damage mechanics was introduced. For the model validation extensive experimental tests on glass non-crimp fabrics reinforced epoxy (GF-NCF/EP) composites are performed. The focus is put on the influence of production and fatigue related pre-damage under subsequent highly-dynamic tensile loading. The theoretical studies shows a good coincidence with the experimentally results
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Plimack, Elizabeth R., Roland Dunbrack, Timothy Brennan, Mark D. Andrake, Yan Zhou, Ilya Serebriiskii, Essel Dulaimi et al. „Defects in DNA repair genes and sensitivity to cisplatin based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for bladder cancer.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, Nr. 7_suppl (01.03.2015): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.320.
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320 Background: Cisplatin based NAC prior to cystectomy is standard of care for MIBC, with 40-50% expected to respond with ≤pT1N0M0. Biomarkers predictive of response are lacking. Methods: MIBC pts who received 3 cycles of cisplatin based NAC on 1 of 2 prospective multicenter clinical trials were included. Pts treated with accelerated methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin + cisplatin (AMVAC) provided the discovery set [n=34, 15/34 (44%) ≤pT1N0M0]. Pts treated with dose dense gemcitabine + cisplatin (DDGC) provided the validation set [n=24, 11/24 (46%) ≤pT1N0M0]. DNA from pre-treatment tumor tissue underwent sequencing for all coding exons of 287 cancer related genes and was analyzed for presence of base substitutions, indels, copy number alterations, and selected re-arrangements. The mean number of variants and variant status for each gene were correlated with response using two-sample t-test and Fisher’s exact tests. Variant data were used to create a classification tree to discriminate responders vs. non-responders in the AMVAC discovery cohort. The resulting decision rule was then tested in the independent DDGC validation set. Overall survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier. Results: Pts with pT0 had significantly more alterations than those with residual tumor in both the AMVAC discovery (p=.024) and DDGC validation (p=0.018) set. In the AMVAC discovery set, alteration in ≥1 of the three DNA repair genes ATM, RB1 or FANCC predicted for ≤pT1N0M0 (p<0.001, 87% sensitivity, 100% specificity) and improved overall survival (OS) (p=0.007). This test remained predictive for ≤pT1N0M0 in the DDGC validation set (p=0.033), with a trend towards improved OS (p=0.07) at short median follow up of 14.3 mo. Conclusions: Alterations in ≥1 of ATM, RB1 and FANCC predict response to cisplatin based chemotherapy defined as ≤pT1N0M0 in both our AMVAC discovery and DDGC validation sets. We hypothesize that defects in these genes, which are important for maintenance of chromatin structure and DNA repair, confer sensitivity to DNA damaging chemotherapy and explain the accumulation of alterations seen among pts with pT0. External validation in collaboration with the cooperative groups is planned.
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Guan, Xiuwen, Fei Ma, Xiaoyan Yan, Tianmou Liu und Ning Shen. „Development and validation of a NCC-BC-A scale to assess patient-reported outcomes for advanced breast cancer patients in China.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, Nr. 16_suppl (01.06.2023): e13125-e13125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.e13125.
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e13125 Background: The primary therapeutic objectives for advanced breast cancer (ABC) are to extend patients’ survival time and to maintain their quality of life (QoL). Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) symptom could improve communication with physicians, and decreased utilization of unplanned healthcare. However, localized PROs scales for ABC were seldomly used in China. This study aimed to develop a specific PROs scale for ABC patients in China and optimize the management model for breast cancer. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Wanfang, and CNKI databases, and the dimensions and items of the scale in the literature were extracted for the item pool. Delphi method was used to modify, add, subtract, and adjust the language of scale items until the experts' suggestions or opinions reached a consensus, and the first draft of the scale was formed. The first draft of the scale was further optimized by cognitive test and pre-survey. The optimized scale was used for formal survey, and the items of the scale were further analyzed and screened by coefficient of variation, correlation coefficient, internal item consistency, factor analysis, reliability, and validity. All tests were two-sided tests, and the test level was α=0.05. Results: A total of 10945 articles were analyzed, and 237 were finally included to form an item pool containing 277 PRO items. Two rounds of Delphi expert consultation were conducted, and the average authority coefficient of experts was Cr>0.7. Based on the results of cognitive test, the corresponding items were revised by language description to facilitate understanding. After adjustments according to the pre-survey of 200 ABC patients, the PROs scale NCC-BC-A was finally formulated with a total of 38 items, including 9 physiological dimension items, 4 psychological dimension items, 9 social dimension items, 11 treatment-evaluation items, 4 overall self-evaluation dimension items, and 1 other dimension. A total of 588 ABC patients participated in the national formal survey of NCC-BC-A with the average answer time of 6 minutes, and no floor or ceiling effects were observed. A series of statistical tests were conducted on the result. A principal component analysis revealed that the items in PROs scale have great consistency while preserving enough differences between different dimensions. The results were tested to be normally distributed with good variation. Also, the PROs scale survey result has an excellent Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.925 and an excellent test-retest reliability of 0.9041. Conclusions: The PROs scale NCC-BC-A has high validity and reliability, can objectively measure the QoL of ABC patients. NCC-BC-A fully considered the characteristics of treatment status for ABC patients, and the realistic situation in China, which may help clinicians to pay more attention to QoL of ABC patients and to optimize management system for ABC.
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Acharjee, Mrityunjoy, Estiak Ahmed, Saurab Kishore Munshi und Rashed Noor. „Validation of γ-irradiation in controlling microorganisms in fish“. Nutrition & Food Science 44, Nr. 3 (06.05.2014): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-07-2013-0089.
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Purpose – With a previous throughput of sea fish contamination with microorganisms, the present study extended the array of such spoilage over four other fish samples including Pseudapocryptes elongates, Scomberomorus cavalla, Xenentodon cancila and Otolithoides pama, evaluated the reductive impact of irradiation, and further validated the irradiation methodology in controlling the microbial quality of the sea fish samples. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Twelve samples of each sea fish were collected from super shops in Dhaka city and a portion of each sample was subjected to γ-irradiation at a dose of 3 kilo gray (kGy). Then, both non-irradiated and irradiated samples were tested for the presence of pathogenic bacteria though culture on different specific media followed by biochemical identification. Drug resistance among the pathogens was also investigated. Findings – Most of the non-irradiated samples were observed to harbor huge bacteria and fungi (1.3×102-1.5×107 cfu/g or cfu/ml) including the fecal coliforms ranging up to 105 cfu/g or cfu/ml, leading to an elevated threat to public health. Besides, the isolates were found to be resistant against single or multiple antibiotics, which further brought treatment complications during the possible disease outbreaks. However, the pathogenic load was significantly reduced after applying 3 kGy dose of γ-irradiation on the samples in consistent to the previous work using different fish samples. Research limitations/implications – A similar type of work has already been published by the group using different samples this year in the Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Vol. 2 No. 4, pp. 2420-2430. However, even being an increment of the previous work, the present work deals with extended array of sea fish samples with an objective of controlling food safety. Practical implications – The present work further confirms and assists the knowledge of food protection and the identification of spoiling bacteria and fungi by applying replicable methods projects of the novelty and practical outcome of the work. Originality/value – The reduction of pathogenic load revealed the efficacy of γ-irradiation as a mean of preserving fish quality. Besides, the study quantified the contaminating microorganisms as well as identified the drug-resistant bacteria among sea fish samples. Traditional but standard cultural and biochemical tests, demonstration of drug resistance among the isolated microorganisms from fish samples and finally the microbial elimination by irradiation might contribute to the existing knowledge on major sea fish.
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Schwabe, Maria, Stanislav Spiridonov, Elizabeth L. Yanik, Jack W. Jennings, Travis Hillen, Maria Ponisio, Douglas J. McDonald, Farrokh Dehdashti und Cara A. Cipriano. „How Effective Are Noninvasive Tests for Diagnosing Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1? Diagnosing MPNST in NF1 Patients“. Sarcoma 2019 (01.07.2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4627521.
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Background. Distinguishing between benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) patients prior to excision can be challenging. How can MPNST be most accurately diagnosed using clinical symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings (tumor size, depth, and necrosis), positron emission tomography (PET) measures (SUVpeak, SUVmax, SUVmax tumor/SUVmean liver, and qualitative scale), and combinations of the above? Methods. All NF1 patients who underwent PET imaging at our institution (January 1, 2007–December 31, 2016) were included. Medical records were reviewed for clinical findings; MR images and PET images were interpreted by two fellowship-trained musculoskeletal and nuclear medicine radiologists, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created for each PET measurement; the area under the curve (AUC) and thresholds for diagnosing malignancy were calculated. Logistic regression determined significant predictors of malignancy. Results. Our population of 41 patients contained 34 benign and 36 malignant tumors. Clinical findings did not reliably predict MPNST. Tumor depth below fascia was highly sensitive; larger tumors were more likely to be malignant but without a useful cutoff for diagnosis. Necrosis on MRI was highly accurate and was the only significant variable in the regression model. PET measures were highly accurate, with AUCs comparable and cutoff points consistent with prior studies. A diagnostic algorithm was created using MRI and PET findings. Conclusions. MRI and PET were more effective at diagnosing MPNST than clinical features. We created an algorithm for preoperative evaluation of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in NF1 patients, for which additional validation will be indicated.
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Chung, Wai-Shan, Shin-Cheh Chen, Tai-Ming Ko, Yung-Chang Lin, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Yung-Feng Lo, Shu-Chi Tseng und Chi-Chang Yu. „An Integrative Clinical Model for the Prediction of Pathological Complete Response in Patients with Operable Stage II and Stage III Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy“. Cancers 14, Nr. 17 (28.08.2022): 4170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14174170.
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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The response to NAC, particularly the probability of a complete pathological response (pCR), guides the surgical approach and adjuvant therapy. We developed a prediction model using a nomogram integrating blood tests and pre-treatment ultrasound findings for predicting pCR in patients with stage II or III operable TNBC receiving NAC. Clinical data before and after the first cycle of NAC collected from patients between 2012 and 2019 were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses to identify correlations with pCR. The coefficients of the significant parameters were calculated using logistic regression, and a nomogram was developed based on the logistic model to predict the probability of pCR. Eighty-eight patients were included. Five parameters correlated with the probability of pCR, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) ratio, percentage change in PLR, presence of echogenic halo, and tumor height-to-width ratio. The discrimination performance of the nomogram was indicated by an area under the curve of 87.7%, and internal validation showed that the chi-square value of the Hosmer–Lemeshow test was 7.67 (p = 0.363). Thus, the integrative prediction model using clinical data can predict the probability of pCR in patients with TNBC receiving NAC.
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Petrov, Alexander, James A. Sherwood und Konstantine A. Fetfatsidis. „Characterization and Finite Element Modeling of Unidirectional Non-Crimp Fabric for Composite Manufacturing“. Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (Februar 2012): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.225.
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A hybrid finite element discrete mesoscopic approach is proposed to model the forming of composite parts using a unidirectional glass prepreg non-crimp fabric (NCF). The tensile behavior of the fabric is represented using 1-D beam elements, and the shearing behavior is captured using 2-D shell elements. The material is characterized using tensile and shear frame tests. These properties are then incorporated into an ABAQUS/Explicit finite element model via user-defined material subroutines. The shear frame characterization test is simulated using a finite element model of the fabric, and the finite element results are compared to experimental data as a validation of the methodology. The thermostamping of a double-dome geometry, which has been used in an international benchmarking program, is modeled as a demonstration of the capabilities of the proposed methodology.
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Zadorozhnyi, Zenovii-Mykhaylo, Volodymyr Muravskyi, Mariya Shesternyak und Anna Hrytsyshyn. „Innovative NFC-validation system for accounting of income and expenses of public transport enterprises“. Marketing and Management of Innovations 1, Nr. 1 (2022): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-06.
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To control pricing in passenger transportation, monitor the functioning of urban transport networks, reduce direct contacts during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is advisable to implement a system of NFC validation of fares. NFC (Near-Field Communication) technology provides primary information on public transport and travel fares. The article aims to improve the method of application of the technology of automated NFC-validation of fares in urban passenger transport to account for and control provided transport services. The tasks include research of mechanisms of the automated identification and counting of quantity of the transported passengers to account incomes of the motor transport enterprises; selection of calculation units for automated determination of the cost of provided transport services; development of control methods of drivers work, the operation of vehicles, transportation of privileged categories of citizens, pricing, etc. Theoretical and methodological aspects of NFC-validation technologies for public transport fares for accounting purposes have been studied based on general research methods – institutional and innovative; economic and mathematical methods of analysis and polynomial trend using Excel spreadsheets were used to predict the pace of implementation of NFC-devices; methods of bibliographic and comparative analysis using the information resource «ResearchGate»– to determine promising areas for new technologies in the provision of transport and passenger services. It is proved that the most effective unit of cost calculation of transport services is «passenger-kilometer», which corresponds to the peculiarities of the functioning of urban passenger transport, as it takes into account the number of passengers and distance of travel. The procedure for distribution of income from the sale of electronic tickets and budget subsidies between carriers based on information on the total number (including privileged categories) of transported passengers has been developed. The method of automated cost accounting by the «passenger-kilometer» meter for fuels and lubricants, staff salaries, depreciation of vehicles, and its current repairs, which define the cost of transport services, is improved. Implementing NFC fare validation technology will facilitate automated accounting of costs, revenues, and cash receipts from transport services, the introduction of effective control over the work of drivers, vehicles, concessional transportation, pricing, timeliness, and reliability taxes on urban transport.
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Bao, Xian Yu, Jian Zhong Zhong, Qian Feng und Yun Guo. „Efficient Electronic Seal System“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 610 (August 2014): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.610.221.
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This paper proposed an efficient electronic seal system based on Near Field Communication (NFC), which utilized by NFC mobile phone, RSA encryption, authentication and anti-counterfeiting validation. The system has the advantages of high security and low cost. In addition, the whole process of logistics could be supervised without special equipment. These lay a solid foundation for “release through” supervision of agricultural products supplied to Hong Kong.
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Riester, Markus, Lillian Werner, Joaquim Bellmunt Molins, Shamini Selvarajah, Barbara Weir, Edward C. Stack, Rachel S. Park et al. „External validation of somatic copy number alteration (SCNA) at chromosome 1q23.3 in advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2012): 4585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.4585.
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4585 Background: Advanced UC is associated with multiple SNCAs. To identify SCNA predictors of poor survival in advanced UC, we evaluated SCNAs in two cohorts of high-risk urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Methods: We obtained DNA copy number data from bladder cancer patients in two independent cohorts [Spanish cohort (n= 93, Agilent aCGH 180k array) and Brigham and Women’s/Dana-Farber (BW/DF) cohort (n = 48, Affymetrix OncoScan FFPE Express 2.0)]. For the BW/DF cohort, we acquired copy number information from 30 primary tumors and 33 metastases. For 12 patients, both primary and matched metastases were available. The GISTIC method was used on GLAD segmented data to identify driver copy number lesions, and the NBC algorithm to identify recurrent breakpoints. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the effect of the identified SCNAs on overall survival, defined as time from start of chemotherapy for metastatic disease (Spanish) or from metastatic recurrence (BW/DF). Copy numbers were incorporated in the Cox models as continuous measures. Statistical significance of optimal cutpoints was estimated with permutation tests. Copy number profiles of primary tumors and metastases were compared with hierarchical clustering. Results: Amplification of 1q23.3 was independently associated with overall survival in both cohorts (Spanish cohort: HR 3.98; 95% 1.64-9.67; p < 0.03; C-statistic 0.54, 95% 0.45-0.65. BW/DF cohort: HR 6.28; 95% 1.84-21.4; p < 0.042; C-statistic 0.62, 95% 0.48-0.76). Amplifications at 22q12.2 were enriched in patients who developed metastasis (p < 0.05). A breakpoint analysis identified possible truncations of ITPR1 (Spanish: 15%; BW/DF: 25%) and PRIM2 (Spanish: 31% BW/DF: 12.5%) in large numbers of samples. For primary tumors with matched metastases, we observed that metastases clustered together with their primary tumors. Conclusions: External validation of the 1q23.3 amplification demonstrates the association of this SCNA with poor outcomes in advanced UC; the identification of the target of this copy number gain is ongoing. Gene truncations and their biological significance require further experimental investigation.
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Garaiman, A., F. Nooralahzadeh, C. Mihai, N. Gkikopoulos, N. P. Gonzalez, M. O. Becker, O. Distler, M. Krauthammer und B. Maurer. „POS0892 IDENTIFICATION OF DEFINED MICROANGIOPATHIC CHANGES IN NAILFOLD CAPILLAROSCOPY IMAGES OF PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS USING A VISION TRANSFORMER MODEL – A MONOCENTRIC IMPLEMENTATION AND VALIDATION COHORT STUDY“. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (23.05.2022): 743.1–743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3287.
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BackgroundAn accurate assessment of nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) images has great importance in the diagnosis and prognosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). To overcome some of the inherent problems with NFC image analysis (operator/observer bias, time requirements), there is an interest to automate and standardize NFC image assessment using computer vision algorithms, such as the Vision Transformer (ViT), which are based on recent advances in deep learning.ObjectivesOur aims were (1) to implement and assess the performance and the reliability of ViT in detecting changes on NFC images, and (2) to compare the performance of ViT to that of practicing rheumatologists.MethodsFor this study, we used NFC images of patients with SSc enrolled in our European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR) and Very Early Diagnosis of Systemic Sclerosis (VEDOSS) local registries. Concretely, we included routine NFC images (all NFC images available – digit II to V of both hands-, irrespective of any image artefacts) of patients aged ≥ 18 years with visits between 2012 and 2021, who fulfilled either the 2013 American College of Rheumatology / European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for SSc (established disease) or the preliminary criteria for VEDOSS (mild/early disease).ViT was trained to identify the following NFC signs of microangiopathy: enlarged capillaries (apex diameter of the capillary > 20 µm, and < 50µm), giant capillaries (> 50 µm), loss of capillaries (< 7 capillaries/mm), and microhaemorrhages. Absence of any of these signs was considered as being a “normal NFC”, while presence of any of these signs was seen as an abnormal NFC image. Its performance was evaluated in a cross-fold (k = 5) validation setting, and the gold standard was the treating physician. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used as indicator of the performance. Considered cut-offs for AUC were 90-100% - excellent, 80-89.9% - good, 70-79.9% - fair, 60-69.9% - poor, 50-59.9% - fail. From the first cross-fold, a randomly sampled reliability set was created which was used to compare the NFC assessment performance of four rheumatologists (three invited and trained annotators and the treating physician) with that of of ViT.ResultsWe analysed 17,126 NFC images of 234 EUSTAR patients (14.6% males, 67.8% limited cutaneous SSc, median age 57 years, median disease duration 9 years) and 55 VEDOSS patients (92.7% females, median age 44 years, median time elapsed since first Raynaud’s phenomenon 5 years). ViT had fair to excellent performance in identifying the different NFC changes across all five folds (of 3443 NFC images each), with an area under the ROC curve ranging from 78.59% to 90.4% (Figure 1a).Figure 1.Performance of the ViT: (a) AUCs values for ViT in diagnosing the respective feature on NFC image. (b) Sensitivity / specificity trade-off across the images in the reliability set. The blue lines show the ROC curves corresponding to the ViT predictions, with ViT’s AUC, “optimal” sensitivity and specificity shown in the box. Also shown are the point performances of each of the four annotators, with performances below the blue line indicating lower performance than ViT.In the reliability set (see Figure 1b), we observed highest performance for diagnosing giant capillaries (AUC =92.89%) followed by identification of enlarged capillaries (AUC = 91.7%). Good AUCs were seen in depicting capillary loss (AUC = 87.3%), microhemorrhages (AUC = 85.9%) and the abnormal/normal NFC classification (AUC = 84.7%). The rheumatologists had generally higher performance in assessing NFC images. However, ViT outperformed two rheumatologists with different experience in classifying capillary loss and enlarged capillaries, respectively.ConclusionViT is a modern, well performing and readily available AI model to assess signs of microangiopathy on NFC images acquired during routine practice.Disclosure of InterestsAlexandru Garaiman: None declared, Farhad Nooralahzadeh: None declared, Carina Mihai Speakers bureau: MEDtalks Switzerland, Mepha, Nikitas Gkikopoulos: None declared, Nicolas Perez Gonzalez: None declared, Mike O. Becker Speakers bureau: Mepha, MSD, Novartis, GSK, Bayer and Vifor, Oliver Distler Speakers bureau: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Medscape, Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Consultant of: Abbvie, Acceleron, Alcimed, Amgen, AnaMar, Arxx, AstraZeneca, Baecon, Blade, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, ChemomAb, Corbus, CSL Behring, Galapagos, Glenmark, GSK, Horizon, Inventiva, iQvia, Kymera, Lupin, Medac, Medscape, Miltenyi Biotec, Mitsubishi Tanabe, MSD, Prometheus Biosences, Roche, Roivant, Topadur and UBC, Lilly, Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Kymera, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Michael Krauthammer Speakers bureau: Oncobit, Britta Maurer Speakers bureau: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Medtalk, Pfizer, Roche, Actelion, Mepha, and MSD, Consultant of: Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen-Cilag, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Protagen, Novartis Biomedical Research
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Fleischhauer, Monika, Anja Strobel, Sören Enge und Alexander Strobel. „Assessing Implicit Cognitive Motivation: Developing and Testing An Implicit Association Test to Measure Need for Cognition“. European Journal of Personality 27, Nr. 1 (Januar 2013): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.1841.
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The personality trait need for cognition (NFC) refers to individual differences in cognitive motivation and has proven to be an extraordinarily useful descriptor and predictor in the context of information processing. So far, NFC has been assessed via self–report. More recent research, however, accentuates the value of indirect measures, as they tap into implicit aspects of the personality self–concept and are assumed to provide incremental validity especially in predicting automatic aspects of behaviour. Therefore, in the present research, different NFC–Implicit Association Tests (IATs) were developed and pretested for psychometric properties. The final version was systematically tested for its predictive validity over and above the direct NFC measure based on a latent variable approach. The results provide evidence for a double dissociation model and suggest the NFC–IAT to exert its predictive value regarding the more spontaneous aspects of NFC–related behaviour, whereas the NFC scale was rather predictive for the more reflective aspects of behaviour. Moreover, the present research contributes to the understanding of construct–unrelated variance in personality IATs and offers valuable information for test development in the realm of personality IATs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Brumercikova, Eva, und Bibiana Bukova. „Proposals for Using the NFC Technology in Regional Passenger Transport in the Slovak Republic“. Open Engineering 10, Nr. 1 (17.03.2020): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0005.
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AbstractNFC (Near Field Communication) devices are used in contactless payment systems, similar to those used in credit cards and electronic ticket smart cards, and they allow a mobile payment to replace or supplement these systems. The trend of increasing the quality of transport services also includes the use of progressive information technologies. The article focuses on the use of NFC technology in regional passenger transport. In the first proposal, the implementation of NFC technology in the form of an electronic wallet in a regional contactless chip card is being considered. In the second proposal we deal with the implementation of NFC technology in regional passenger transport using mobile phones with an active NFC chip. The proposals use Check-In/Check-Out validation, where validators are placed in vehicles. In both proposals it would be possible to create a link to EMV (Europay/MasterCard/VISA) technology, and thus to provide a linking of a contactless smart card, possibly a mobile phone to the passenger’s personal account.
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Georgiou, Yiannis, und Eleni A. Kyza. „Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Need for Cognition Scale–Short Form in the Greek Language for Secondary School Students“. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment 36, Nr. 5 (03.01.2017): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734282916686005.
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The purpose of the present study was to adapt and validate the Need for Cognition Scale–Short Form (NfC-SF) in the Greek language. A multistep process was followed, including (a) the translation and adaptation of the questionnaire, (b) a reliability analysis of the instrument’s items in combination with an exploratory factor analysis with 177 secondary school students, and (c) a confirmatory factor analysis for defining the underlying structure of the scale, using a sample of 532 secondary school students. The statistical analyses validated a 14-item version of the NfC-SF for measuring the cognitive motivation of secondary school, Greek-speaking students. The present study also extends previous research about the underlying structure of the NfC by suggesting that method effects should be considered in measurement models for improving scale validity.
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Xie, Hanjin, Xi Tan, Chunmei Yang und Cheng Li. „Does Urban Forest Control Smog Pollution? Evidence from National Forest City Project in China“. Sustainability 14, Nr. 19 (10.10.2022): 12897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912897.
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The National Forest City (NFC) project is an important measure to promote the urban environment in China, but its environmental performances have not been fully evaluated yet. This paper uses difference-in-differences (DID) to evaluate the smog pollution controlling effects and mechanisms of the NFC project based on the panel data of 283 cities in China from 2000 to 2018. This study found the following: (1) The NFC project significantly reduced smog pollution by 3.4% on average; the effect strengthened over time and rose to 8.5% in the 10th year after the NFC project. The average treatment effect was also confirmed by a series of robustness tests. (2) The NFC project can control smog pollution by greening urban space and greening social culture. (3) The treatment effect was related to both natural factors and human factors. The reduction in smog pollution was much stronger in the southern, hilly, warm and humid regions. Public willingness and government attention to environmental protection help with the smog pollution controlling of the NFC project as well.
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Yousefi, Hossein, Takashi Nishino, Mehdi Faezipour, Ghanbar Ebrahimi, Alireza Shakeri und Seira Morimune. „All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Made from Nanofibrillated Cellulose“. Advanced Composites Letters 19, Nr. 6 (November 2010): 096369351001900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369351001900602.
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Commercial microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) was ground and turned into nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), then all-cellulose nanocomposites (ACNC) were prepared by partially dissolving method. The nanocomposites, with different ratios of undissolved core part of NFC in a matrix of partially dissolved skin part of NFC, were produced using DMAc/LiCl as solvent system. Five dissolution times of 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes were used as variables and the results were compared with the properties of neat MFC and NFC sheets. The structure and properties of MFC, NFC and nanocomposites were characterized using atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and tensile tests. The mechanical properties of NFC are significantly larger than those of MFC. As dissolution time increased, the apparent crystallinity of ACNC decreased and more amount of matrix covered the nanofibre surfaces. The ACNC showed best tensile strength (156 MPa) and Young's modulus (13.2 GPa) at 10 minutes dissolution time. The advantage of ACNC is that they are fully bio-based, easily recyclable, fully biodegradable and strong materials.
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Bertrams, Alex, und Oliver Dickhäuser. „Passionate Thinkers Feel Better“. Journal of Individual Differences 33, Nr. 2 (Januar 2012): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000081.
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The present study tested a possible explanation for the positive relationship between the motivation to engage in cognitive endeavors (need for cognition, NFC) and indicators of affective adjustment (e.g., higher self-esteem, lower depression) that has been demonstrated in previous studies. We suggest that dispositional self-control capacity mediates this relationship, since NFC has been found to be related to self-control capacity, and self-control capacity is crucial for adjustment. NFC, dispositional self-control capacity, self-esteem, habitual depressive mood, and tendency to respond in a socially desirable manner were measured among 150 university students via self-report. Regression analyses and Sobel tests revealed that self-control capacity was a potential mediator of the positive relationship between NFC and affective adjustment. The findings were robust in terms of social desirability.
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Rice, Matthew, Lokendra Pal, Ronalds Gonzalez und Martin Hubbe. „Wet-end addition of nanofibrillated cellulose pretreated with cationic starch to achieve paper strength with less refining and higher bulk“. July 2018 17, Nr. 07 (01.08.2018): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj17.07.395.
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Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) treated with cationic starch was evaluated as a bonding system to permit lower degrees of refining and lower apparent density of high-mass handsheets made from bleached kraft pulp. Mixed pulp (70% hardwood, 30% softwood) was formed into sheets with the optional addition of 5% by dry mass of NFC. The default addition of NFC was compared with a system in which the NFC had been pretreated either with cationic starch (at various levels) or optionally followed by colloidal silica. Comparative tests also were carried out with separate addition of cationic starch to the main furnish. Unrefined fibers (514 mL CSF) were compared with low-refined (473 mL CSF) and high-refined (283 mL CSF) pulp mixtures. The NFC that had been pretreated with cationic starch at a high level was especially effective at boosting the tensile strength and stiffness of sheets prepared from pulp that had been refined at a low level, thus achieving improved strength at relatively low apparent density (high bulk) of the handsheets. The results support a strategy, for applicable grades of paper, of using cationic starchpretreated NFC in place of refining energy applied to the main fiber furnish. It was further established that colloidal silica can be employed as a further pretreatment of the cationic starch–treated NFC as a means of promoting dewatering in the combined system.
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Arfaoui, Ghada, Jean-François Lalande, Jacques Traoré, Nicolas Desmoulins, Pascal Berthomé und Saïd Gharout. „A Practical Set-Membership Proof for Privacy-Preserving NFC Mobile Ticketing“. Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2015, Nr. 2 (01.06.2015): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2015-0019.
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Abstract To ensure the privacy of users in transport systems, researchers are working on new protocols providing the best security guarantees while respecting functional requirements of transport operators. In this paper1, we design a secure NFC m-ticketing protocol for public transport that preserves users’ anonymity and prevents transport operators from tracing their customers’ trips. To this end, we introduce a new practical set-membership proof that does not require provers nor verifiers (but in a specific scenario for verifiers) to perform pairing computations. It is therefore particularly suitable for our (ticketing) setting where provers hold SIM/UICC cards that do not support such costly computations. We also propose several optimizations of Boneh-Boyen type signature schemes, which are of independent interest, increasing their performance and efficiency during NFC transactions. Our m-ticketing protocol offers greater flexibility compared to previous solutions as it enables the post-payment and the off-line validation of m-tickets. By implementing a prototype using a standard NFC SIM card, we show that it fulfils the stringent functional requirement imposed by transport operators whilst using strong security parameters. In particular, a validation can be completed in 184.25ms when the mobile is switched on, and in 266.52ms when the mobile is switched off or its battery is flat.
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Gil-Castell, O., M. H. Wolf, J. Cea, J. C. Carrasco, M. Giacinti Baschetti und A. Ribes-Greus. „Structure–Properties Relationship of Reprocessed Bionanocomposites of Plasticized Polylactide Reinforced with Nanofibrillated Cellulose“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 24 (14.12.2022): 12821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412821.
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Bionanocomposites of polylactide (PLA), plasticized with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (7.5 wt%, 400 and 1500 g/mol) and reinforced with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) (1, 3, and 5 wt%) were sequentially compounded, and injection and compression molded. All of the stages caused structural and morphological consequences, more relevant in the plasticized PLA, especially with low molar PEG. Small percentages of NFC (1 and 3 wt%) acted as crystalline nucleating agents and improved thermo-oxidative stability. Given the substantial degradation caused by (re)processing, a downgrading validation strategy was applied, assessing the mechanical and water contact performance during fictional first and second service life applications. After the first processing, PEG increased the ductility and reduced the strength and elastic modulus, while NFC buffered the fall in stiffness and increased rigidity compared to their PLA-PEG counterparts. Once reprocessed, PEG increased the water affinity of the blend, especially for low molar mass PEG. Low percentages of NFC (1 and 3 wt%) modulated water diffusivity and permeability, regardless of the water temperature. Overall, although reprocessing caused significant degradation, the mechanical valorization possibilities of these green bionanocomposites were proven, and are pointed out as sustainable candidates for food packaging or agricultural applications where modulated mechanical or water contact behaviors are required.
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Kasmani, Jafar Ebrahimpour, Hassan Mohammadpour und Ahmad Samariha. „Replacement of imported long fiber kraft pulp with lignocellulosic nanofibers and cationic materials in the production of durable paper“. BioResources 16, Nr. 2 (01.04.2021): 3662–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.3662-3677.
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Usage of cellulosic nanofibers, starch-nanocellulose, and polyacrylamide-nanocellulose hybrid systems were investigated for the replacement of imported long bleached kraft fibers in the production of durable papers. In this study, imported softwood kraft pulp was added to cotton pulp at four levels. Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) prepared from chemimechanical pulp was added to cotton pulp at a 5% level with optional 1% cationic starch or 0.1% cationic polyacrylamide. Comparative tests were done without NFC at three levels of either cationic starch or cationic polyacrylamide. For each condition, 80 gm-2 handsheets were made, and the physical, mechanical, and optical properties of the paper were compared. The results showed that increases of NFC yielded higher surface smoothness, tensile strength, resistance to bursting, tearing energy, folding endurance, yellowness, and opacity. It also reduced brightness and porosity whether added singly or in combination with cationic starch or polyacrylamide. Increasing cationic starch also increased surface smoothness, tensile strength, resistance to bursting, and folding endurance, but paper opacity was reduced. The field emission-scanning electron microscopy results showed that increased NFC reduced porosity, the paper surface became smoother, and the pores were relatively filled. Finally, the combined treatment of 5% NFC and 1% cationic starch is introduced as a suitable combination.
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Prihartini Widiyanti, Yurituna Firda, Aminatun und Herry Wibowo. „In Vitro Characterization of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Dimethacrylate-Nanofibrillated Cellulose as an Injectable Biomaterial for Herniated Nucleus Pulposus Substitute“. Folia Medica Indonesiana 60, Nr. 1 (10.03.2024): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v60i1.50084.
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Highlights:1. Novel synthetic biopolymer hydrogels were successfully prepared from pristine poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) using the photopolymerization method.2. PEGDMA-NFC biocomposite hydrogel can be developed as an affordable biomaterial for herniated nucleus pulposus substitute, with the potential to meet clinical application standards. Abstract Herniated nucleus pulposus develops when the intervertebral disc portudes through the annulus fibrosus due to the rupture of the annulus fibrosus or a decrease in proteoglycans. Hydrogel implant material can be injected into the disc space to restore disc thickness caused by disc degeneration with minimal invasiveness. This study aimed to characterize poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate-nanofibrillated cellulose (PEGDMA-NFC) in vitro as a potential biomaterial for herniated nucleus pulposus substitute. This study utilized PEGDMA-NFC to treat first-degree herniated nucleus pulposus using the photopolymerization method. PEGDMA was selected because of its hydrophilic ability to produce hydrogel. The addition of NFC to the PEGDMA precursor was expected to show mechanical properties as a hydrogel bio composite candidate. The characterization of PEGDMA-NFC was conducted using three tests: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), viscosity assessment, and an in vitro injection testing model. The normal distribution of the data was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, while the homogeneity was assessed using Levene's test. Homogenous and normally distributed data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a p-value of <0.05. The explored concentrations of PEGDMA-NFC included a ratio of 1:0 for the control samples and ratios of 1:0.5 (K1), 1:0.75 (K2), and 1:1 (K3) for the experimental samples. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of various functional groups in PEGDMA-NFC, indicating its potential classification as a hydrogel biomaterial. The characterization data showed that the K3 sample yielded the most favourable outcome with a viscosity value of 74.67 dPa·s. From the in vitro injection testing result, the addition of NFC demonstrated that the hydrogel would not rupture when released from the mold. The hydrogel could be injected with an 18 gauge needle. The statistical analysis results showed a significant difference among the samples (p<0.05). This study concludes that the PEGDMA-NFC hydrogel biocomposite can be effectively applied in herniated nucleus pulposus cases.
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J., Prasanna, M. S. P. Subathra, Mazin Abed Mohammed, Mashael S. Maashi, Begonya Garcia-Zapirain, N. J. Sairamya und S. Thomas George. „Detection of Focal and Non-Focal Electroencephalogram Signals Using Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform and Artificial Neural Network“. Sensors 20, Nr. 17 (01.09.2020): 4952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174952.
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The discrimination of non-focal class (NFC) and focal class (FC), is vital in localizing the epileptogenic zone (EZ) during neurosurgery. In the conventional diagnosis method, the neurologist has to visually examine the long hour electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which consumes time and is prone to error. Hence, in this present work, automated diagnosis of FC EEG signals from NFC EEG signals is developed using the Fast Walsh–Hadamard Transform (FWHT) method, entropies, and artificial neural network (ANN). The FWHT analyzes the EEG signals in the frequency domain and decomposes it into the Hadamard coefficients. Five different nonlinear features, namely approximate entropy (ApEn), log-energy entropy (LogEn), fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn), sample entropy (SampEn), and permutation entropy (PermEn) are extracted from the decomposed Hadamard coefficients. The extracted features detail the nonlinearity in the NFC and the FC EEG signals. The judicious entropy features are supplied to the ANN classifier, with a 10-fold cross-validation method to classify the NFC and FC classes. Two publicly available datasets such as the University of Bonn and Bern-Barcelona dataset are used to evaluate the proposed approach. A maximum sensitivity of 99.70%, the accuracy of 99.50%, and specificity of 99.30% with the 3750 pairs of NFC and FC signal are achieved using the Bern-Barcelona dataset, while the accuracy of 92.80%, the sensitivity of 91%, and specificity of 94.60% is achieved using University of Bonn dataset. Compared to the existing technique, the proposed approach attained a maximum classification performance in both the dataset.
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Stewart, Peter, Jana Gazdova, Nikos Darzentas, Dorte Wren, Paula Proszek, Grazia Fazio, Simona Songia et al. „Euroclonality-NGS DNA Capture Panel for Integrated Analysis of IG/TR Rearrangements, Translocations, Copy Number and Sequence Variation in Lymphoproliferative Disorders“. Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13.11.2019): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-127822.
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Introduction: Current diagnostic standards for lymphoproliferative disorders include detection of clonal immunoglobulin (IG) and/or T cell receptor (TR) rearrangements, translocations, copy number alterations (CNA) and somatic mutations. These analyses frequently require a series of separate tests such as clonality PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridisation and/or immunohistochemistry, MLPA or SNParrays and sequencing. The EuroClonality-NGS DNA capture (EuroClonality-NDC) panel, developed by the EuroClonality-NGS Working Group, was designed to characterise all these alterations by capturing variable, diversity and joining IG and TR genes along with additional clinically relevant genes for CNA and mutation analysis. Methods: Well characterised B and T cell lines (n=14) representing a diverse repertoire of IG/TR rearrangements were used as a proficiency assessment to ensure 7 testing EuroClonality centres achieved optimal sequencing performance using the EuroClonality-NDC optimised and standardised protocol. A set of 56 IG/TR rearrangements across the 14 cell lines were compiled based on detection by Sanger, amplicon-NGS and capture-NGS sequencing technologies. For clinical validation of the NGS panel, clinical samples representing both B and T cell malignancies (n=280), with ≥ 5% tumour infiltration were collected from 10 European laboratories, with 88 (31%) being formalin fixed paraffin-embedded samples. Samples were distributed to the 7 centres for library preparation, hybridisation with the EuroClonality-NDC panel and sequencing on a NextSeq 500, using the EuroClonality-NDC standard protocol. Sequencing data were analysed using a customised version of ARResT/Interrogate, with independent review of the results by 2 centres. All cases exhibiting discordance between the benchmark and capture NGS results were submitted to an internal review committee comprising members of all participating centres. Results: All 7 testing centres detected all 56 rearrangements of the proficiency assessment and continued through to the validation phase. A total of 10/280 (3.5%) samples were removed from the validation analysis due to NGS failures (n=1), tumour infiltration < 5% (n=7), and sample misidentification (n=2). The EuroClonality-NDC panel detected B cell clonality (i.e. detection of at least one clonal rearrangement at IGH, IGK or IGL loci) in 189/197 (96%) B cell malignancies. Seven of the 8 discordant cases were post-germinal centre malignancies exhibiting Ig somatic hypermutation. The EuroClonality-NDC panel detected T cell clonality (i.e. detection of at least one clonal rearrangement at TRA, TRB, TRD or TRG loci) in 70/73 (96%) T cell malignancies. In all 3 discordant cases analysis of benchmark PCR data was not able to detect clonality at any TR loci. Next, we examined whether the EuroClonality-NDC panel could detect clonality at each of the individual loci, resulting in sensitivity values of 95% or higher for all IG/TR loci, with the exception of those where limited benchmark data were available, i.e. IGL (n=3) and TRA (n=7). The specificity of the panel was assessed on benign reactive lesions (n=21) that did not contain clonal IG/TR rearrangements based on BIOMED-2/EuroClonality PCR results; no clonality was observed by EuroClonality-NDC in any of the 21 cases. Limit of detection (LOD) assessment to detect IG/TR rearrangements was performed using cell line blends with each of the 7 centres receiving blended cell lines diluted to 10%, 5.0%, 2.5% and 1.25%. Across all 7 centres the overall detection rate was 100%, 94.1%, 76.5% and 32.4% respectively, giving an overall LOD of 5%. Sufficient data were available in 239 samples for the analysis of translocations. The correct translocation was detected in 137 out of 145 cases, resulting in a sensitivity of 95%. Table 1 shows how translocations identified by the EuroClonality-NDC protocol were restricted to disease subtypes known to harbour those types of translocations. Analysis of CNA and somatic mutations in all samples is underway and will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: The EuroClonality-NDC panel, with an optimised laboratory protocol and bioinformatics pipeline, detects IG and TR rearrangements and translocations with high sensitivity and specificity with a LOD ≤ 5% and provides a single end-to-end workflow for the simultaneous detection of IG/TR rearrangements, translocations, CNA and sequence variants. Table. Disclosures Stamatopoulos: Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding. Klapper:Roche, Takeda, Amgen, Regeneron: Honoraria, Research Funding. Ferrero:Gilead: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; EUSA Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Servier: Speakers Bureau. van den Brand:Gilead: Speakers Bureau. Groenen:Gilead: Speakers Bureau. Brüggemann:Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Consultancy. Langerak:Gilead: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Research Funding; Genentech, Inc.: Research Funding; Janssen: Speakers Bureau. Gonzalez:Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
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Bay, Mohammad Ali, Habibollah Khademi Eslam, Behzad Bazyar, Abdollah Najafi und Amir Hooman Hemmasi. „Nanofibrillated cellulose/nano SiO2/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films: Evaluation of properties“. BioResources 17, Nr. 1 (16.12.2021): 1031–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.1.1031-1046.
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Effects of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and nano-silicon dioxide on dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and physical properties of nanocomposites films made of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) were investigated. For this purpose, the nanoparticles were mixed with PVOH at 0%, 5%, and 10% weight. Water absorption, dynamic mechanical thermal, transparency, and wettability properties were evaluated according to corresponding standard test methods. The morphology of nanocomposites was explored by using a field emission scanning electron microscope technique. The films became increasingly opaque with increasing nanoparticles contents, although the composites also retained moderate transparency. According to the results of the tests, the dynamic mechanical thermal (DMTA) properties of PVOH composite films were significantly improved with the increase of NFC and silica nanoparticles loading. The samples containing 20 wt% of nano-SiO2 exhibited higher hydrophobicity compared with that of 20 wt% NFC.
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Protz, Richard, Ilja Koch und Maik Gude. „Adjunctive Damage Model to Describe the Interaction of Different Defect Types in Textile Composites on the Strain-Rate-Dependent Material Behaviour“. Journal of Composites Science 7, Nr. 9 (01.09.2023): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs7090365.
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Textile composites are predestined for crash-loaded lightweight structures due to their adjustable energy absorption capacity, but they can exhibit different types of defects that occur during production (voids) and in operation (fatigue). The influence of such defects, especially the interaction of several defect types on the strain-rate-dependent material behaviour, is still insufficiently researched and can represent a safety risk. Therefore, this paper presents a phenomenological model that can be used to mathematically describe the strain-rate-dependent stress-strain behaviour of nominally defect-free and defect-affected textile composites. An adjunctive damage model in the sense of continuum damage mechanics is introduced, which also considers the interaction of both defect types for the first time. For the model validation, extensive experimental tests on glass fibre non-crimp fabrics reinforced epoxy (GF-NCF/EP) composites are performed. The focus is put on the influence of voids and fatigue-related pre-damage under subsequent tensile loading at strain rates up to 40 s−1. The theoretical studies show a good coincidence with the experimental results. The novel model provides a method for the efficient generation of material maps for numerical highly dynamic crash and impact analyses for defect-free and defective textile composites. As a result, a flexible and practice-oriented model approach is available, which makes a significant contribution to an improved understanding of materials and enables a future defect-tolerant design of textile composites.
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Eldefrawy, Mohamed Hamdy, und Muhammad Khurram Khan. „Banknote Validation through an Embedded RFID Chip and an NFC-Enabled Smartphone“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/264514.
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With the new, state-of-the-art printing devices and equipment, there has been rapid growth in the counterfeiting of banknotes. Traditional security features on banknotes are easy targets for counterfeiters, and they can easily imitate the original banknotes with fake ones. Conventional methods for validating currency require specialized devices for the authentication of banknotes. However, cost and lack of mobility of sophisticated banknote validation devices are big problems for general consumers. Modern digital solutions are attempting to complement the traditional security features through embedding radio frequency identification (RFID) chips in the banknotes, for example, Euro currency. Unfortunately, the requirement of specialized RFID readers for banknote validation impedes their widespread proliferation among consumers. To overcome this problem, a new method of banknote validation using an RFID chip and an NFC-enabled smartphone is presented. The consumer sends a banknote validation request to the Monetary Agency (MA) using her or his smartphone and an Internet connection. TheMAreplies by sending a random challenge to the consumer’s smartphone. The RFID chip in the banknote receives the challenge, via the NFC, and calculates an equivalent response to theMA’s challenge. If any of the messages are incorrect, authentication is denied. By the proposed method, consumers can easily and instantly check the originality of currency notes with theMAusing their smartphones and an Internet connection. The proposed system is less expensive, computationally, than regular methods and preserves the privacy of people who carry banknotes.
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Schoeneich, Radosław Olgierd, und Piotr Sadło. „Delay Tolerant Networks over Near Field Communications: The Automatic Multi-packet Communication“. International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 12, Nr. 5 (10.09.2017): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2017.5.2942.
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The Near Field Communication is designed for sending small data, which size does not exceed the several dozen bytes, for distance not higher than two inches. The NFC can be used in store-carry-forward scenarios which are bases for Disruptive Tolerant Networks. The aim of this paper is proposal how to use NFC in transmission of large data in DTN. We propose an algorithm of fragmenting, sending and receiving data. We described software which was used in our prototype and discussed about implementation. Finally we showed results of tests performed on our model. Obtained results presents well characteristics of our solution.
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Mainetti, Luca, Luigi Patrono und Roberto Vergallo. „IDA-Pay: a secure and efficient micro-payment system based on Peer-to-Peer NFC technology for Android mobile devices“. Journal of Communications Software and Systems 8, Nr. 4 (21.12.2012): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v8i4.166.
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The evolution of modern mobile devices towards novel Radio Frequency (RF) capabilities, such as Near Field Communication, leads to a potential for delivering innovative mobile services, which is still partially unexplored. Mobile proximity payment systems are going to enhance the daily shopping experience, but the access to payment security resources of a mobile device (e.g. the “Secure Element”) by third party applications is still blocked by smartphone and Operating System manufacturers. In this paper, the IDA-Pay system is presented, an innovative and secure NFC micro-payment system based on Peer-to-Peer NFC operating mode for Android mobile phones. It allows to deliver mobile-to-POS micro-payment services, bypassing the need for special hardware. A validation scenario and a system evaluation are also reported to demonstrate the system effectiveness and performance.
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Hubbe, Martin A. „When defects dominate: Rheology of nanofibrillated cellulose suspensions“. BioResources 16, Nr. 1 (01.11.2020): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.16-18.
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Conventional rheological tests can be difficult to carry out in the case of suspensions of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). Such suspensions tend to migrate away from the walls of a rheometer device, leaving a low-viscosity layer. The very high aspect ratio of typical nanofibrillated cellulose particles favors formation of tangled clusters. But application of hydrodynamic shear can cause fragmentation of those clusters. It is proposed in this essay that some focus be placed on the fragments of entangled clusters of NFC and interactions between them at their fractured surfaces. The condition of near-uniform, defect-free structures of nanocellulose spanning the volume within a sheared suspension might be regarded as an unlikely circumstance. Isaac Newton started with a very simple equation to start to understand rheology. It is proposed that a similarly bold and simplified approach may be needed to account for the effects of broken entangled clusters of NFC on flow phenomena, their assessment, and their consequences related to industrial processes.
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Miyagi, T., T. Kameda, S. Nakashima, H. Shimada, R. Wakiya, M. Kato, M. Mahmoud Fahmy Mansour, K. Sugihara, Y. Ushio und H. Dobashi. „AB0592 NAILFOLD CAPILLARY ABNORMALITIES PREDICT INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE (ILD) COMPLICATION IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS PATIENTS“. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (Juni 2020): 1592.2–1593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5623.
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Background:Systemic sclerosis (SSc) have various organ involvements including pulmonary hypertension (PH), digital ulcers (DU), and interstitial lung disease (ILD). On the other hand, Nailfold capillary (NFC) abnormalities (enlarged/giant capillaries, fresh or old hemorrhages, avascular areas, ramified/bushy capillaries) detected by capillaroscopy are included in ACR/EULAR classification criteria for SSc as one of important findings. In addition, many studies have reported the relationship between NFC abnormalities and organ involvements (DU, PH) [1][2]. However, there are a few reports about the relationship between NFC abnormalities and ILD.Objectives:We clarify the association with NFC abnormalities and ILD in SSc patients.Methods:We enrolled SSc patients without PH from January 2016 to December 2019 in our institution. SSc patients were diagnosed according to EULAR classification criteria in 2013. ILD was detected by chest CT scans. We assessed severity of ILD with pulmonary function tests (PFT). Abnormal PFT was defined as vital capacity (%VC) or diffusion capacity (DLCO) < 70%. NFC abnormalities were detected with “OptiPiX capillaroscopy Clinic 1.7.x” and the number of capillaries was measured per 1mm in 2nd to 5th fingers of both hand. We defined enlarged and giant capillaries as >30 µm and >50 µm, respectively.Results:We enrolled 59 SSc patients (54 females, 5 males). Mean age is 65.0 ± 8.0 years. Thirty-one patients (52.5%) were complicated with ILD. Mean capillary counts are 6.6/mm. The number of patients with each NFC abnormalities (enlarged capillaries, giant capillaries, microhemorrhages, ramified, avascular areas) are 42, 32, 48, 38, and 33 cases, respectively. Two cases did not have NFC abnormalities. SSc patients with giant capillaries had fewer ILD complications (p <0.05, odds ratio 0.183 [0.059 – 0.57]). Other NFC abnormalities were not associated with ILD in SSc patients. We inspected %VC of 23 patients and DLCO of 20 patients with ILD. Eleven patients had abnormal PFT (5 patients had abnormal %VC and 9 patients had abnormal DLCO). Most of them had not enlarged capillaries than patient with normal PFT (odds ratio 0.11 [0.016 – 0.81]). Other NFC abnormalities including giant capillaries were not associated with abnormal PFT.Conclusion:We investigated the relationship between NFC abnormalities and ILD conplications in SSc patients. NFC abnormalities are associated with ILD complicacion and severity of ILD. It was suggested that no giant capillary in SSc patients may predict ILD complication. Moreover, no enlarged capillary may predict the severe ILD.References:[1]Valeria Riccieri et al. Systemic sclerosis patients with and without pulmonary arterial hypertension: a nailfold capillaroscopy study. Rheumatology, Volume 52, Issue 8, 1 August 2013, Pages 1525–1528[2]Maurizio Cutolo et al. Nailfold Videocapillaroscopic Features and Other Clinical Risk Factors for Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Oct; 68(10): 2527–2539.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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McGuiness, Clare E., Deborah Turnbull, Carlene Wilson, Amy Duncan, Ingrid H. Flight und Ian Zajac. „Thinking Style as a Predictor of Men’s Participation in Cancer Screening“. American Journal of Men's Health 11, Nr. 2 (05.12.2016): 318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988316680913.
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Men’s participation in cancer screening may be influenced by their thinking style. Men’s need for cognition (NFC) and faith in intuition were measured to explore whether they varied by demographic variables or predicted screening behavior. Australian males ( n = 585, aged 50-74 years) completed surveys about past screening and were subsequently offered mailed fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs). Demographic predictors included age, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, and language spoken at home. The screening behaviors were self-reported prostate cancer screening (prostate-specific antigen testing and digital rectal examinations [DREs]), and colorectal cancer screening (self-reported FOBT participation and recorded uptake of the FOBT offer). Analysis comprised principal component analysis and structural equation modelling. NFC was positively related to demographic variables education, socioeconomic status, and speaking English at home. Faith in intuition was negatively related to educational attainment. NFC predicted variance in self-reported DRE participation ( r = .11, p = .016). No other relationships with thinking style were statistically significant. The relationship of NFC to DRE participation may reflect the way certain attributes of this screening method are processed, or alternatively, it may reflect willingness to report participation. The relationship of thinking style to a range of healthy behaviors should be further explored.
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GARLAND, LARDEN J., BRANDON D. LIEB, NELSON A. BARRIOS und MARTIN A. HUBBE. „Nanocellulose–cationic starch– colloidal silica systems for papermaking: Effects on process and paper properties“. October 2022 21, Nr. 10 (01.11.2022): 563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj21.10.563.
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Laboratory tests were conducted to better understand effects on the papermaking process and handsheets when recycled copy paper furnish was treated with combinations of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), cat-ionic starch, colloidal silica, and cationic retention aid (cPAM; cationic polyacrylamide). Dosage-response experiments helped to define conditions leading to favorable processing outcomes, including dewatering rates and the efficiency of fine-particle retention during papermaking. Effects were found to depend on the addition amounts of cationic starch and colloidal silica added to the system. It was shown that the presence of a polymer additive such as cationic starch was essential in order to achieve large strength gains with simultaneous usage of NFC.
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Tang, Yun-Chia, Yi-Ching Hsieh und Hung-Chang Chiu. „Purchase decision: does too much choice leave us unhappy?“ European Journal of Marketing 51, Nr. 7/8 (11.07.2017): 1248–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-01-2015-0022.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine how and when choice variety influences consumers’ willingness to purchase, according to a personal emotion perspective. The choice paradox indicates that although having many choices can be beneficial, it can also cause customer decision paralysis and unhappiness. This article proposes that the desire and motivation to process information vary from person to person, and emotional factors are relevant. Design/methodology/approach With a 2 × 2 experimental design, this study examines the influence of the interaction of choice variety with need for cognition (NFC) on positive and negative emotions, and then tests the mediating effects on purchase intentions. The sample includes 214 college students, assigned randomly to self-assessment questionnaires. Findings Both high NFC respondents in the high variety condition and low NFC respondents in the low variety condition exhibit more positive emotions than low NFC respondents in the high variety condition but not more than high NFC respondents in the low variety condition. Positive (negative) emotions increase (decrease) consumers’ purchase intentions. Research limitations/implications The experiment was conducted in a virtual store, which may not match real-life store environments or reflect participants’ actual purchase behaviours, so additional research should consider the influence of involvement further. Practical implications The results offer suggestions for developing more effective communication with emotions, increasing involvement to maintain consumers’ positive emotions and relieve their confusion, and managing product variety. Originality/value This article meets the identified need to study how choice variety influences consumers’ willingness to purchase from a personal emotion perspective.
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Rashad, S., K. Darwish, H. Abdel-Maksoud, A. Abas und M. Abdelaty. „AB1562 NAIL FOLD CAPILLAROSCOPY IN EVALUATING INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS AND IDIOPATHIC TYPE“. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30.05.2023): 2014.3–2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.5114.
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BackgroundNail fold capillaroscopy (NFC) is a non invasive diagnostic tool to detect early changes of microcirculation of different collagen diseases as rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), systemic sclerosis interstitial lung disease (SS-ILD) and idiopathic ILD (Ting et al., 2020).ObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate role of NFC in RA-ILD, SS-ILD and idiopathic ILD, and to determine if there is a correlation of it to disease activity.MethodsA case control study conducted on 100 patients with ILD, where 30 patients with RA-ILD, 30 patients with SS-ILD and 40 patients with idiopathic-ILD, fulfilling ACR/EULAR criteria, 2013. They were examined clinically and radiologicaly. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) and NFC were done.ResultsPleural irregularities were found in 42% of RA-ILD, 30% of SS-ILD where subpleural irregularities were found in 31% of RA-ILD and 46.7% of SS-ILD. Ground glass opacity was in 13% of RA-ILD, 76.7% in SS-ILD and70% in idiopathic –ILD. Honeycomb appearance was in 11.5% of RA-ILD, 30% in SSILD and 65% of idiopathic ILD.SS-ILD showed the highest capillary changes especially patients with pneumonia. A significant correlation was found between NFC and PFT in idiopathic-ILD.ConclusionNFC is a sensitive and specific adjuvant tool in monitoring micro vascular changes in rheumatologic diseases and can be used as assessment tool in severity of the disease.Reference[1]Ting Z, Lin F and Chen H (2020): Pattern of NFC in patients with SLE. Archives of Rheumatology, 35(4), 568Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Su, Tung-Ching. „Assessment of Cracking Widths in a Concrete Wall Based on TIR Radiances of Cracking“. Sensors 20, Nr. 17 (02.09.2020): 4980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174980.
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The techniques of concrete crack detection, as well as assessments based on thermography coupled with ultrasound, have been presented in many works; however, they have generally needed an additional source of thermal infrared (TIR) radiance and have only been applied in laboratories. Considering the accessibility of thermal infrared cameras, a TIR camera (NEC F30W) was employed to detect cracking in the concrete wall of an historic house with a western architectural style in Kinmen, Taiwan, based on the TIR radiances of cracking. An operation procedure involving a series of image processing and statistical analysis processes was designed to evaluate the performance of the TIR camera in the assessment of the cracking width. This procedure using multiple measurements was implemented from March to August 2019, and the t-tests indicated that the temperature differences between the inside and outline of the concrete cracks remained insignificant as the temperature or relative humidity (RH) in the subtropical climate rose. The experimental results of the operation procedure indicated that the maximum focusing range, which is related to the size of the sensor array, and the minimum detectable crack width of a TIR camera should be 1.0 m and 6.0 mm, respectively, in order to derive a linear regression model with a determination coefficient R2 of 0.733 to estimate the cracking widths, based on the temperature gradients. The validation results showed that there was an approximate R2 value of 0.8 and a total root mean square error of ±2.5 mm between the cracking width estimations and the observations.
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Renardi, Mikhael Bagus, Noor Cholis Basjaruddin, Supriyadi Supriyadi und Kuspriyanto Kuspriyanto. „Airline ticket reservation using NFC-based single identity“. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, Nr. 1 (01.01.2019): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i1.pp384-391.
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Airline ticket reservations can be completed via ticket counters or online. To reduce passenger data redundancy, Single Identity (SI) may be required to input passenger data. In Indonesia, SI is utilised in identity cards using Near Field Communication (NFC), called electronic <em>Kartu Tanda Penduduk</em> (e-KTP). However, the use of e-KTP is not optimal yet because it is still used in the same way as the conventional one. Data input using SI can be done by tapping the e-KTP on a NFC-enabled machine, and the user is required to select the passengers’ names. The process of data input may be simplified, resulting in a higher transaction speed. This research result demonstrated that there was a slight difference of the time required between the two methods for ticket reservations. The time efficiency using SI through ticket counters was 48%, while the online reservation using SI was 45%. Further research may implement the validation methods, such as using PIN or fingerprint.
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Loseto, Giuseppe, Floriano Scioscia, Michele Ruta, Filippo Gramegna, Saverio Ieva, Agnese Pinto und Crescenzio Scioscia. „Knowledge-Based Decision Support in Healthcare via Near Field Communication“. Sensors 20, Nr. 17 (31.08.2020): 4923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174923.
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The benefits of automatic identification technologies in healthcare have been largely recognized. Nevertheless, unlocking their potential to support the most knowledge-intensive medical tasks requires to go beyond mere item identification. This paper presents an innovative Decision Support System (DSS), based on a semantic enhancement of Near Field Communication (NFC) standard. Annotated descriptions of medications and patient’s case history are stored in NFC transponders and used to help caregivers providing the right therapy. The proposed framework includes a lightweight reasoning engine to infer possible incompatibilities in treatment, suggesting substitute therapies. A working prototype is presented in a rheumatology case study and preliminary performance tests are reported. The approach is independent from back-end infrastructures. The proposed DSS framework is validated in a limited but realistic case study, and performance evaluation of the prototype supports its practical feasibility. Automated reasoning on knowledge fragments extracted via NFC enables effective decision support not only in hospital centers, but also in pervasive IoT-based healthcare contexts such as first aid, ambulance transport, rehabilitation facilities and home care.
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Pizer, Jasmin H., Melissa A. Myers, Nanako A. Hawley, Murphy N. Harrell und Benjamin D. Hill. „A-174 Diurnal Preference Relation to Need for Cognition and Cognitive Reflection“. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, Nr. 6 (30.08.2021): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.192.
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Abstract Objective This study evaluated the effect of individual differences in diurnal preferences on a problem-solving test of intelligence and a measure of a personality trait of how much someone enjoys thinking. Method Archival data from 85 participants who had completed measures online were utilized in this study. The sample was 51.8% female, 71.8% Caucasian, and mean age was 19.5. Participants completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Composite Morningness Questionnaire (CMQ), Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT), and Need for Cognition Scale-Short Form (NFC). Raw score totals were utilized. Diurnal preferences were later grouped for morning, evening, or in between based on published MEQ and CMQ cutoffs. Lower scores indicate evening types, and higher scores indicate morning types. Results Scores on measures of diurnal preference were significantly positively related to NFC (MEQ r = 0.28, p = 0.011; CMQ r = 0.36, p = 0.001) meaning that morning types tend to enjoy effortful mentation more. Diurnal preferences were not significantly related to CRT performance. One-way ANOVA was performed with diurnal preferences as the group factor and NFC and CRT as dependent variables. Significant main effects were not found for MEQ and NFC nor MEQ and CRT. Significant main effects were found for CMQ and NFC F(2,77) = 5.33, p = 0.007, but not for CMQ and CRT. Conclusion These findings indicate that diurnal preference was not associated with performance on the problem-solving intelligence test used in this study. However, morning types appear to be higher for personality traits related to motivation to engage in thinking and would be expected to do better on some cognitive tests that demand more test engagement.
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Zadorozhnyi, Zenovii-Mykhailo, und Iryna Kornyat. „Accounting of passenger transportation in the conditions of automated passenger flow management“. Herald of Economics, Nr. 2 (30.07.2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2022.02.073.
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Introduction. Further development of urban formations requires optimization of passenger traffic management in the public transport network. Ensuring the efficiency of traffic flow management involves improving accounting with the use of innovative NFC- validation and GPS-navigation systems simultaneously for all participants in passenger traffic. The purpose of the article. The main aim is to provide proposals for improving the cost and revenue accounting of carriers and issuers of electronic tickets for NFC validators in terms of information interaction of all participants in passenger traffic to ensure the effectiveness of automated passenger traffic management in the smart city.Methods. General scientific and empirical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena are used to reveal the purpose of the article.Results. A method of using information from the automated passenger traffic management system using NFC-validation and GPS-navigation technologies on the number of transported passengers to identify costs and revenues of public transport participants has been developed. The procedure for determining the cost of transportation of one passenger on the basis of additive accumulation of costs of carriers and issuers of electronic tickets has been improved. It is proposed to recognize the funds received from the sale of electronic tickets as targeted revenue (targeted funding). The method of accounting for revenues of issuers of electronic tickets and carriers has been improved. Implementation of the proposed method of parallel recognition and accounting of revenues and costs simultaneously for issuers of electronic documents and passenger carriers provides optimization of management in all market participants of passenger transport, which will lead to optimization: transport routes, service quality, reliability of accounting, socio-economic processes making managerial decisions, etc.Perspectives. Further research will be aimed at improving the methodology of control over the functioning of passenger carriers and the transport network of public entities in the implementation of an automated passenger traffic management system.
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Lee, Min-Hye, Tae-Soo Yu und Soon-Ja Lim. „An Unmanned Smart Parcel Locker System with a Parcel Sterilizer“. Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 18, Nr. 5 (01.05.2021): 1530–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2021.9596.
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Parcel loss and personal information leakage involved thereof is a critical issue. Existing parcel lockers involve the need to share the password between two. This study suggests a double-security smart parcel locker to keep parcel safe from the risk of loss and personal information leakage by using parcel invoice bar-codes as well as the near field communication (NFC) module for smart-phones. In addition, the suggested method sterilizes a parcel box by means of the ultraviolet-c radiation light emitting diode (UV-C LED) in consideration of the fact that it may be exposed to insanitary conditions for a long time. To verify the suggested smart parcel locker, tests were conducted on the invoice bar-code mechanism for password security, the near field communication (NFC) module for user authentication reliability, and the Bluetooth interaction distance between a smart-phone app and the system. Test results show that the accuracy of the near field communication (NFC)-based user authentication was 97%, bar-code and that of the parcel locker opening mechanism was 95%. Thus, the sufficient level of security was verified. The max. transmission distance for smooth communication between a smart-phone and the parcel locker upon bluetooth pairing turned out to be 5 m. Test results show that as the near field communication (NFC) and invoice bar-codes are used instead of a password, the parcel locker can be utilized as a highly secure instrument.
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Thammarat, Chalee. „Efficient and Secure NFC Authentication for Mobile Payment Ensuring Fair Exchange Protocol“. Symmetry 12, Nr. 10 (09.10.2020): 1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12101649.
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The standard protocol of near field communication (NFC) has concentrated primarily on the speed of communication while ignoring security properties. Message between an NFC-enabled smartphone and a point of sale are exchanged over the air (OTA), which is a message considered an authentication request for payment, billing, ticketing, loyalty services, identification or access control. An attacker who has an antenna can intercept or manipulate the exchanged messages to take advantage of these. In order to solve this problem, many researchers have suggested authentication methods for NFC communications. However, these remain inadequate transaction security and fairness. In this paper, we will propose a technique that ensures mutual authentication, security properties, and strong fairness. Mutual authentication is a security property that prevents replay attacks and man-in-the-middle attacks. Both fair exchange and transaction security are also significant issues in electronic transactions with regards to creating trust among the parties participating in the transaction. The suggested protocol deploys a secure offline session key generation technique to increase transaction security and, importantly, make our protocol lightweight while maintaining the fairness property. Our analysis suggests that our protocol is more effective than others regarding transaction security, fairness, and lightweight protocol. The proposed protocol checks robustness and soundness using Burrows, Abadi and Needham (BAN) logic, the Scyther tool, and automated validation of internet security protocols and applications (AVISPA) that provide formal proofs for security protocols. Furthermore, our protocol can resolve disputes in case one party misbehaves.
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Shao, Chuang, Zhenyu Zhu, Chuwang Su, Sheng Yang und Quanping Yuan. „Thin Electric Heating Membrane Constructed with a Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillated Cellulose–Graphene–Graphene Oxide System“. Materials 11, Nr. 9 (14.09.2018): 1727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091727.
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Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and graphene oxide (GO) with reinforcing and film-forming properties were employed with graphene to develop a novel and thin electric heating membrane with heat dissipation controllability. A negative charge was found on the surface of GO and NFC in aqueous dispersions, which contributed to the homogeneous distribution of the graphene sheets. The membrane had a good laminated structure with three-dimensional interaction between GO and NFC, with embedded graphene sheets. Conductivity was characterized as a function of the amount of graphene, thus giving control over to the heating power by adjusting the ratio of graphene. Subsequent electric heating tests can remove irregularities on the GO and graphene sheet, improving the laminated structure further. The temperature on the surface of the membrane presented an exponential increasing regularity with time. Under the same power density and time, the stabilized temperature rise of membranes was higher when grammage was higher, which was characterized by the linear function of the power density. Low-grammage membranes (1 and 4 g·m−2) also exhibited regular and even stabilized temperature rises. The indicated structure and heating performance of the membrane, as well as the variation induced by Joule heating, would drive its applications.
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Raeeskarami, Seyed-Reza, Navid Namazi, Raheleh Assari, Seyed-Reza Najafizadeh, Zohreh Hassannejad und Vahid Ziaee. „The Comparison of Nailfold Capillaroscopy between Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Healthy Controls: Correlation with Laboratory and Clinical Parameters“. International Journal of Vascular Medicine 2020 (27.04.2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7631958.
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Background. Nailfold capillaroscopy is a noninvasive technique to recognize peripheral microangiopathy, which is an important feature in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aims of the present study were to investigate the prevalence of nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) changes in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE), find out patterns of these changes, and correlate findings with clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods. Forty-nine patients with SLE, all meeting the 1997 revised ACR criteria for SLE classification, and 30 healthy controls were included. A digital video camera was used to capture nailfold capillary images. Computerized image processing was used for analysis. Results. Different abnormal NFC changes were observed with abnormal morphology, the increased diameter and abnormal loop densities in 55.1%, 93.9%, and 26.5% of the patients, respectively. No statistically significant differences were depicted between capillaroscopy with age, gender, autoantibodies (APLs, anti-ds DNA), antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, thrombotic angiopathy, renal function tests (Bun, Cr), and abnormal urine analysis. However, a significant correlation was found between the branched pattern and the CNS involvement group (P value <0.03). Conclusions. Different abnormal NFC changes are quite common among patients with SLE, and nailfold capillaroscopy is an effective method to monitor such changes. Treatment strategies may change in the branched pattern of nailfold capillaroscopy due to CNS involvement.
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Ecke, Thorsten H., Paula Carolin Voß, Thorsten Schlomm, Anja Rabien, Frank Friedersdorff, Dimitri Barski, Thomas Otto et al. „Prediction of Response to Cisplatin-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients by Molecular Subtyping including KRT and FGFR Target Gene Assessment“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, Nr. 14 (18.07.2022): 7898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147898.
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Patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma achieving pathological complete response (pCR) upon neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have improved prognosis. Molecular subtypes of bladder cancer differ markedly regarding sensitivity to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and harbor FGFR treatment targets to various content. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether preoperative assessment of molecular subtype as well as FGFR target gene expression is predictive for therapeutic outcome—rate of ypT0 status—to justify subsequent prospective validation within the “BladderBRIDGister”. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens from transurethral bladder tumor resections (TUR) prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and corresponding radical cystectomy samples after chemotherapy of 36 patients were retrospectively collected. RNA from FFPE tissues were extracted by commercial kits, Relative gene expression of subtyping markers (e.g., KRT5, KRT20) and target genes (FGFR1, FGFR3) was analyzed by standardized RT-qPCR systems (STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology GmbH, Cologne). Spearman correlation, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney and sensitivity/specificity tests were performed by JMP 9.0.0 (SAS software). The neoadjuvant cohort consisted of 36 patients (median age: 69, male 83% vs. female 17%) with 92% of patients being node-negative during radical cystectomy after 1 to 4 cycles of NAC. When comparing pretreatment with post-treatment samples, the median expression of KRT20 dropped most significantly from DCT 37.38 to 30.65, which compares with a 128-fold decrease. The reduction in gene expression was modest for other luminal marker genes (GATA3 6.8-fold, ERBB2 6.3-fold). In contrast, FGFR1 mRNA expression increased from 33.28 to 35.88 (~6.8-fold increase). Spearman correlation revealed positive association of pretreatment KRT20 mRNA levels with achieving pCR (r = 0.3072: p = 0.0684), whereas pretreatment FGFR1 mRNA was associated with resistance to chemotherapy (r = −0.6418: p < 0.0001). Hierarchical clustering identified luminal tumors of high KRT20 mRNA expression being associated with high pCR rate (10/16; 63%), while the double-negative subgroup with high FGFR1 expression did not respond with pCR (0/9; 0%). Molecular subtyping distinguishes patients with high probability of response from tumors as resistant to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Targeting FGFR1 in less-differentiated bladder cancer subgroups may sensitize tumors for adopted treatments or subsequent chemotherapy.
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Kusuma, Muhammad Bilda. „Communication Protocol for Monitoring Application of Psychotropic Drug Distribution with Data Transmission over the Internet“. Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 5, Nr. 2 (01.11.2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v5i2.197.
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One of the problems associated with the distribution of psychotropic drugs is that there is a lot of abuse and smuggling because of the lack of supervision. Therefore, it is necessary to make a supporting application, namely the application of monitoring the distribution of psychotropic drugs by transmitting data via the internet. By utilizing NFC technology on smartphones, Delphi programming, PHP, and also the MySQL database, an application is made to function as a system. Making this application is done using the Delphi 7 application as a user application and the Notepad ++ application to build a security web that is connected to the database on localhost php myadmin for data delivery monitoring the distribution of psychotropic drugs. From the test results of this application, the results of the application performance test run well as expected, and encrypted URLs can only be logged if there is a validation process with a database server, supported by an NFC tag system that has a reading distance of 3 cm proves that the application security system is good.
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JosephNg, Poh Soon, Pin Sen BrandonChan und Koo Yuen Phan. „Implementation of Smart NFC Door Access System for Hotel Room“. Applied System Innovation 6, Nr. 4 (24.07.2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi6040067.
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Security remains a top priority for those users in the hotel, even with the advent of innovative technological advances. This is because many tragic incidents, such as theft and crime, have occurred with unrestricted access. This paper proposes an intelligent door access system that would allow hotel guests to authenticate into their rooms without resorting to traditional closeness access methods. Therefore, research was conducted to solidify the understanding and refine the capabilities of the proposed system. This project aims to promote high-security aspects access system technology, which is Near-Field Communication with the use of application that have the function of simulated smart keys for explicit validation access. A Host-Card Emulator opens the opportunities for efficient financial benefit and the launch of a protective mechanism in the post-pandemic period. The suggested method was statistically and analytically accessed on hotel guests and staff from various hotels in Malaysia. The proposed system is a contactless NFC access control system that employs smartphone Host Card Emulation application technology to reduce the need for appropriate physical access, enhance security, and publicize the use of mobile access systems in the hospitality industry.
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Birnbaum, David, und Samuel B. Sheps. „Validation of New Tests“. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 12, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1991): 622–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30145248.
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Birnbaum, David, und Samuel B. Sheps. „Validation of New Tests“. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 12, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1991): 622–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646251.
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