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1
Fritzsche, Vít. „Vliv interakce daňového a dávkového systému na pracovní úsilí OSVČ“. Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1406.
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Tato práce se zabývá analýzou podnikatelského prostředí v České republice z hlediska motivace OSVČ ke zvyšování svých příjmů. K tomu je použit aparát mezních efektivních daňových sazeb (METR), které ukazují, jaká část změny hrubého příjmu je odebrána společným působením daní a sociálních dávek. Provedena je také komparace hodnot METR v čase a porovnání situace OSVČ se situací zaměstnanců. Analýza ukázala, že pro OSVČ existují určitá pásma hrubých příjmů, v nichž díky nevhodné konstrukci či kombinaci odvodů a sociálních dávek, dochází k vytváření pastí neaktivity, kdy se některým OSVČ může jevit jako demotivující zvyšovat svůj příjem. Situace je však příznivější než v případě zaměstnanců a v čase se zlepšuje (jak ukázalo porovnání roku 2006 s rokem 2001). Tato práce může být využita pro hospodářskopolitické účely nebo jako východisko pro další výzkumné studie v této oblasti.
2
Vlková, Ivana. „Zapojení EU do mezinárodního úsilí o navyšování oficiální rozvojové pomoci“. Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2003. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-77127.
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The purpose of this thesis is to analyse in depth the EU position in the international effort to increase the Official Development Assistance with respect to the situation of poverty in developing world and current initiatives on searching for potential solutions of this crucial issue. In connection with poverty traps in developing countries the EU came up with many important initiatives in the field of international development policy, which indicates a strong commitment of Member states towards the poverty eradication. Based on predictions analysed in the 3rd Chapter of this thesis, it is possible to deduce that the EU as a whole will be able to reach its targets in the area of ODA increases. However, there will be a different situation in case of individual Member states - not all of them report about appropriate ODA increases needed for reaching the individual declared targets. There are many more or less suitable solutions: new allocations of additional financial resources from donors` public budgets to the ODA purposes, debt relief, innovative financial resources or methodological changes in the ODA statistical reporting. In any case, it is always needed to pay attention to the principles of effectiveness and raising the ODA quality and impact. The potential for reaching the official targets was, is and will be affected by plenty of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats on the side of the EU, developing countries and the whole international community.
3
Zelinka, Petr. „Zvyšování účinnosti strojového rozpoznávání řeči“. Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233578.
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This work identifies the causes for unsatisfactory reliability of contemporary systems for automatic speech recognition when deployed in demanding conditions. The impact of the individual sources of performance degradation is documented and a list of known methods for their identification from the recognized signal is given. An overview of the usual methods to suppress the impact of the disruptive influences on the performance of speech recognition is provided. The essential contribution of the work is the formulation of new approaches to constructing acoustical models of noisy speech and nonstationary noise allowing high recognition performance in challenging conditions. The viability of the proposed methods is verified on an isolated-word speech recognizer utilizing several-hour-long recording of the real operating room background acoustical noise recorded at the Uniklinikum Marburg in Germany. This work is the first to identify the impact of changes in speaker’s vocal effort on the reliability of automatic speech recognition in the full vocal effort range (i.e. whispering through shouting). A new concept of a speech recognizer immune to the changes in vocal effort is proposed. For the purposes of research on changes in vocal effort, a new speech database, BUT-VE1, was created.
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Žofková, Martina. „Vliv rodičovství na mzdy v České republice“. Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193111.
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Using cross-sectional and longitudinal data from EU-SILC for the Czech Republic this thesis shows that mothers suffer wage penalty, whereas fathers gain wage premium. These results are in accordance with literature abroad. This thesis also shows that parenthood has greater impact on individuals with higher education, that motherhood penalty is lower for single mothers, whereas fatherhood premium is higher for single fathers, and that there is stronger self-selection of mothers into specific jobs than in case of fathers. Model of fixed effects suggests that parenthood is connected with unobservable characteristics that have positive effect on parent's wages. Results of this thesis are in accordance with human capital theory, division of labor within the household, self-selection of mothers into more mother-friendly jobs. But results concerning lower work effort of mothers are inconclusive.
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Styrkul, Alexej. „Úsilí Ukrajiny o evropeizaci“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-437905.
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This thesis seeks to analyze the process of adoption and implementation of anti-corruption and judicial reforms in Ukraine that were demanded by the European Union between 2014 and 2019 from the perspectives of rational institutionalism and constructivist institutionalism, on the basis of the Schimmelfennig and Sedelmeier's direct, top-down model of Europeanization. The thesis is conducted as a congruence analysis by creating ex-ante predictions to each of the factors connected to either perspective. Specifically, the anti-corruption institutional framework, the asset declarations system, the political party financing reform, and the High Anti-Corruption Court are analyzed to demonstrate the limited progress. Subsequent empirical analysis of the aforementioned factors suggests that the rationalist approach offers a better explanation for the stalling reforms - the exceedingly high domestic costs, followed by the lacking credibility. The constructivist approach shows a lesser ability to explain the limited progress of reform adoption and implementation.
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Drekslerová, Šárka. „Faktory ovlivňující inkubační úsilí poláka velkého“. Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-323599.
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Incubation of avian eggs is an energy demanding process. Incubating parent faces a conflict between investment into optimal thermal conditions for developig embryos and meeting of own energy requirements. This applies especially in uniparental incubators such as ducks. During incubation, female utilizes energy from fat storage or actual food intake. The proportion of energy used from food than may reflect the time spent by female on the nest. The utilizing of these both sources ratio plays a role in time spent on nest. The aim of the thesis was to describe an incubation rhythm in females of Common Pochard (Aythya ferina) and relate them to climatic variables and changes in body mass. Data were collecetd for three years in the Poodříí Landscape Protected Area at free-living females. We placed a weighting mechanism under the nest with conected datalogger recording voltage variations, which offered me an information about female body mass and time and duration of recesses. Incubation rhytm of females was described by time spent on time ("incubation constancy"), recess frequency and recess duration. Females left the nest most grequently at night-time and during dawn and dusk. Probable explanation of this pattern is better food availability in the night-time and lower risk of nest predation by predators...
7
Tauchmanová, Jana. „Model úsilí Daniela Gila v simultánním tlumočení“. Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312690.
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6 Summary Simultaneous interpreting is a very complex cognitive process. Daniel Gile's Effort Model is an attempt to describe in a schematic way the various competing processes that simultaneous interpreting is composed of. The model is based on findings from cognitive psychology, especially those relating to working memory and the limited processing capacity of the human mind. It defines the process of simultaneous interpreting as a combination of three individual, yet coinciding efforts (the Listening and Analysis Effort, the Production Effort, the Memory Effort), which require a certain amount of processing capacity to assure quality interpreting performance. Problem triggers can cause saturation of the interpreter's processing capacity to occur. Saturation manifests itself either by failure sequences or by the deterioration of the interpreter's performance, immediately or at a distance. The focus of our thesis is on processing capacity saturation due to numbers in simultaneous interpreting, from the point of view of the Effort Model. The first part of our paper is theoretical and deals with the various aspects of the simultaneous interpreting process, especially those relating to processing capacity, saturation and working memory; as well as with questions of well-known problem triggers, interpreting...
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MRÁZKOVÁ, Nikola. „Vztah recentní systematiky žab (Anura) a výzkumného úsilí“. Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376069.
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Over the last few decades there has been a confusion in the classification system of organisms with the development of molecular and genetic methods. Life is currently perceived from a different perspective than in the past due to different methods, and old, standard systems have significantly changed as a result of such alteration. As a consequence, it is harder and harder to distinguish which taxonomic changes are caused by objectively better recognition of biodiversity and which seem to be only subjective opinions of particular taxonomists. Results show a significant growth in the number of genuses in observed families of frogs (Anura) in the aforementioned period (2000-2017) while the research efforts of taxonoms were proved to be the most relevant factors causing such increase in diversity with respect to genuses.
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Vargová, Hana. „Protipovstalecké úsilí v Afghánistánu - Sovětský vs. Americký model“. Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-332238.
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This Thesis attempts to be an overview of the so far achievements accomplished in the fight against the Afghani rebels and in the reconstruction and state-building in Afghanistan. The author seeks to analyse strategies applied by the Soviets during the Cold War invasion (1979- 1989) and the Western allies under the U.S. leadership in cooperation with NATO (2001- present). The paper describes tactics of the invaders in the two wars and identifies "tipping points" when the conventionally stronger invading powers had to resort to counterinsurgency tactics. The author applies counterinsurgency warfare theory presented by David Galula and others in those phases of conflicts in order to evaluate the success or failure of given strategies. The theoretical framework consists of the theory of asymmetrical conflicts, insurgency warfare and counterinsurgency theory with special focus on its implications when applied in Afghanistan. The main goal of the work is to analyse the weaknesses of the Soviet strategy and to inquire whether the Western allies are not repeating the same mistakes their Cold War counterparts committed.
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Černá, Erika. „Destigmatizační úsilí jako úkol sociálních pracovníků (ve vybraných organizacích)“. Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-436354.
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(in English): The diploma thesis deals with the topic of destigmatization efforts as a task of social workers in selected organizations. Its aim is to describe the destigmatization efforts of social workers, focusing on individual attributes of destigmatization efforts and mapping the possible opportunities and pitfalls that social workers most often encounter in the long-term effort to eliminate stigma in people with mental illness. In this work we will cooperate with selected organizations whose target group are people with mental illness. The theoretical part brings a comprehensive view of mental illness, a description of the system of care for people with mental illness,and presents the issue of destigmatization efforts in the Czech Republic, including a description of destigmatization elements and campaigns that support this effort. At the same time, this part of the thesis describes the area of stigmatization of people with mental illness, manifestations of stigmatizing behavior in the public and social workers or generally the role of social workers in working with this target group. The practical part of the diploma thesis will work with the results of qualitative research, which is focused on functioning or non-functioning destigmatization efforts of social workers in selected...
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Pokorný, Ondřej. „Integrační kurzy: poslední etapa švédského úsilí o začlenění přistěhovalců“. Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-324995.
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The diploma thesis Integration Courses: Last Stage of Swedish Efforts to Incorporate Immigrants analyzes integration arrangements in the context of the evolution of Swedish integration policies. Through theoretical models of incorporation the author argues that use of these courses is a consequence of various factors with a lack of immigrants' incorporation and increasing welfare state activation as the most significant. The process of welfare state activation does not focus exclusively on the immigrants, nevertheless, in the policy area of immigrant integration some of the activation features are most visible. The modern state delegates much more duties on individuals who can not rely on its protecting hands as they were used to earlier. As the state requires more from all its citizens, immigrants are expected to strive for their integration more pro-actively. The participation in the integration courses belongs to one of the duties the immigrants must accept. The Swedish approach is, however, a bit specific, since the courses' participation is not mandatory for all immigrants but a targeted group of newcomers. Moreover, the courses differ considerably from the general tendency in Western Europe with their stressed focus on labour-market related integration measures. Together with a language...
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Štaif, Vít. „Úsilí o prvou hegemonii versus rozšiřování mocenské roztříštěnosti po Studené válce“. Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-350307.
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An Abstract The text focuses on the aim of the state politics to gain the position of the first global hegemony after the end of the Cold War. It observes, with the regard to the wide-ranging influence of the USA at that time, and to the important American visions about its character, especially their particular decisions. It tries to describe the way, which the other influential participants of the global politics, the states as well as those of other kind, used to express their reactions to this activity, and their relation to the USA, the strongest contender in the effort to acquire the first global hegemony. The power contest is here mainly introduced by the insight into the course of the conflicts, which they, after the end of the Cold War, faced and influenced. The text concentrates on those political and security challenges with, apart from the policies of the USA, the strong presence of the intervention of the international organizations, above all the UN, the NATO and the EU, or of the occassionally created alliances. The prospects of hegemonial possibilities is presented in the conclusion.
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Beneš, Ladislav. „Křesťanské úsilí o mír. Křesťanská mírová konference v letech 1958-1968“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-438472.
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This diploma thesis focuses on the roots and activities of Christian Peace Conference (CPC) in the years 1958-1968 when it was presided by Josef L. Hromádka. The author of this thesis examines the roots of the organization in Czechoslovak and German context starting in the interwar period. The thesis analyses how the beginnings of CPC were impacted by the Second World War experience of the generation of founders of the organization and also how they were impacted by the events preceding and following the war. Specifically, the focus of the research is the relationship between Christians and Marxists and furthermore the Christians' perception and experience of socialism as a social order as it was presented in CPC. Simultaneously, the thesis focuses on the possibilities of an existence of international organization during the Cold War and the role it played for the actors at that time.
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Leroy, Clémence. „Voda jako obrana: Role Nilu v egyptském úsilí o hydro-hegemonii“. Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415265.
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The aim of this work is to identify how Egypt became an hydro-power and how it has been challenged by other riparian countries nowadays. The framework of hydro-hegemony will be used as a guideline. We will study the different strategies and tactics developed by Egypt, discourse analysis is one method in this work. In spite of changing internal situation of riparian countries, Egypt's hegemony is increasingly strained. We will discuss the counter-hegemonic behavior of Ethiopia by looking at the strategies it employed. We will especially talk about the great project of Ethiopia that definitely stops the ambitions of Egypt. The study finally examines the overall changing geopolitical environment of the Nile basin with the arrival of new actors, such as China.
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Nohejlová, Kateřina. „Revoluční úsilí sociální demokracie ve 20. letech 20. století. Události na Kralupsku“. Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-286379.
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The diploma thesis describes evolution of social democracy in 1920s in Kralupy region. This will be describes on the background of general events of social democracy party in Czechoslovakia. The thesis describes also local party elite and activities of some citizen of Kralupy nad Vltavou, discussion about social democracy program and reaction on local and national events.
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Lišková, Silvie. „Analýza faktorů určujících lidské preference a tím i úsilí vkládané do ochrany živočišných druhů“. Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326729.
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Recently, it was reported that humans treat animals that they perceive as aesthetically attractive unequally to the "ugly" ones, turning more attention to them and setting more conservation programs for their protection. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the issue focusing around animal beauty in more detail by examining human preferences towards one of the most popular animal taxon, the birds. In three subsequent studies, we assessed human preferences towards selected bird species: all members of the order of parrots, randomly selected representatives of all non- passerine bird families, and all members of the vividly colored passerine family Pittidae. The first study revealed that the preferred parrots were kept in zoos in higher numbers, regardless of their conservation priority (IUCN status). We discussed possible consequences of this finding and the benefits that may arise in the light of animal conservation if this bias in species preferences was to be considered by conservation specialists. We also found that people preferred long-tailed parrots possessing blue and yellow colors over green ones, which were probably perceived as dull and uninteresting as the majority of the parrots are fully or partially green. In the next two studies, we found that shape, pattern, and overall...
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Almesfair, Khalid. „Co by de Gaulle mohl naučit Katar? Komparativní analýza úsilí o větší intraalianční autonomii“. Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415227.
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1 Univerzita Karlova Fakulta sociálních věd Institut politologických studií Diploma thesis project What could De Gaulle teach Qatar? A comparative analysis of the struggle for greater autonomy in Intra-Alliances Name: Khalid Almesfair Academic advisor: JUDr. PhDr. Tomáš Karásek, Ph.D. Study program: International Security Studies Year of project submission: 2020 2 The Problem Long before the Qatar crisis in 2017, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) has experienced tense competition within member states for greater intra-alliance autonomy. In this regard, "Qatar appears almost to enjoy annoying the United States and provoking the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) while pursuing a conciliatory policy towards Iran to maximize autonomy" (Hinderson, 2014). Doha's behavior to act beyond the GCC security strategy has largely contradicted the principles and conditions under which the GCC was founded upon, most notably the Iranian threat following Ayatollah Khamenei's revolution in 1979 (Legrenzi, 2011). By doing that, Qatar partially denied its alliance commitments, undermining regional security and strategic interests of its Gulf counterparts but also the GCC's unity while maintaining membership hitherto. In fact, the soft power that Qatar has utilized cannot be neglected. For...
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Fejerová, Eva. „Jak se stát opravdovým Italem? Úsilí potomků imigrantů o změnu italského zákona o občanství“. Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-337721.
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This diploma thesis aims to examine the phenomenon of second-generation immigrant associations in Italy and focuses on their efforts to change the 1992 Citizenship Law between 2005 and 2014. The goal of the thesis is to determine whether the style of their argumentation is nationalistic or multicultural. The nationalistic style would point to their identification with Italy as a classical nation state, reflecting an acceptance of Italy's autostereotypes. The multicultural argumentation style would show that their primary frame of reference is the culture of their parents' country of origin and reflect a desire to see Italian society transformed according to multicultural principles, where all cultures are equally respected and esteemed. Christian Joppke's theory of three-dimensional citizenship (status, rights, identity) serves as an instrument for research. Anne-Marie Thiesse's national identity checklist serves as a guideline for distinguishing between nationalistic and post-nationalistic argumentation style. The analysis shows that the dimension these associations refer to the most is identity, which they use to prove their "Italianicity." They conduct their argumentation in a very classical nationalistic style, using themes such as Italian language, national territory, and national cuisine....
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Puková, Zdeňka. „Model "úsilí" Daniela Gila a jeho aplikace na simultánní tlumočení textů nasycených číselnými údaji a výčty“. Master's thesis, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-269616.
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Tato teoreticko-empirická práce se zaměřuje na model úsilí Daniela Gila a jeho aplikaci na simultánní tlumočení textů nasycených číselnými údaji a výčty. V teoretické části model podrobně popisujeme a analyzujeme a aplikujeme jej na simultánní tlumočení. Dále definujeme základní problémy a nedostatky spojené se simultánním tlumočením projevů z francouzštiny do češtiny u textů nasycených číselnými údaji a výčty z hlediska nároků na pracovní kapacitu v důsledku nasycenosti textu i specifik francouzských číslovek a jejich převodu do češtiny. Při tlumočení číselných údajů a výčtů se zvyšují nároky na pracovní kapacitu, zvláště na poslech a analýzu a na paměť, čímž může dojít ke snížení množství kapacity dostupné pro poslech a zpracování následujících částí projevu. Na základě postulátů Gilova modelu úsilí jsme stanovili pracovní hypotézu, podle které v důsledku vzniku deficitního řetězce dojde ke zhoršení kvality přetlumočení u nenáročných úseků, které následují bezprostředně po náročných segmentech obsahujících číselné údaje a výčty. Deficitní řetězec je důsledkem individuálního deficitu u některého z úsilí či celkového zahlcení pracovní kapacity. Dílčí hypotézou je, že výkon profesionálních tlumočníků bude celkově kvalitnější a zhoršení nebude se zvyšující se obtížností úseků předcházejících sledovaným místům...
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Sládeček, Martin. „Vliv individuálních vlastností samic čejky chocholaté (Vanellus vanellus) na kvalitu snůšky, párovací status a inkubační úsilí samce“. Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-344389.
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Feather ornaments and its role as a signals in sexual selection has been broadly studied topic in avian biology. However, vast majority of studies focus especially on role of male ornamentation and female preferences in sexual selection. Despite this fact, recent work shows, that similar palette of adaptive functions can be found for female feather ornaments, and male preferences for them, respectively. This study focuses on possible importance of female melanin-based ornaments and other individual on breeding performance in the Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), common polygynous wader breeding in agricultural landscape. No significant predictor of female investment to egg size was found. Long winged females with bigger proportion of secondaries changed during prenuptial moulting and bigger extent of melanin ornaments tended, surprisingly, to later timing of breeding. Contrary to this trend, extent of female ornamentation seems to be sexually selected trait by males. Analysis of male incubation behavior shows, that males incubate more in nests of more ornamented females, as well as in nests in later incubation stage. These findings seems to be in a good agreement with "Differential allocation hypothesis". On the other site, no effect of clutch egg sizes and timing of breeding was found....
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Borl, Petr. „Chrámy vědění osiřely: Intervenční úsilí představitelů protektorátní správy o zmírnění následků německé akce vůči českému vysokému školství na podzim roku 1939“. Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-339861.
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The diploma thesis concerns itself with a struggle of the administration of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia to deal with the consequences of the German action of 17th November, when as a revenge for previous demonstrations Czech universities in the Protectorate were closed and more than a thousand of their students were arrested and sent to concentration camps in Germany. The thesis is divided into 4 main chapters. The first one concerns itself concisely with reasons, course and immediate consequences of the German "Special action of 17th November 1939". The content of the second chapter is formed by an exposition of a struggle to achieve liberation of the jailed students and their comeback home that was realised by the interventions of the state president Hácha and the Protectorate government at the representatives of the occupation regime; and then an inquest of their tactics and its successfulness at these interventions. A topic of the next chapter is a description and an analysis of the problems accompanying the closure of Czech universities, with which the Protectorate government was also forced to deal. Among them there were for example a placement of the students, who were not jailed but prevented from continuing in their studies and whom the Protectorate government strove to protect...
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Příhodová, Tereza. „Měření integrity v klinických podmínkách a v situaci výběru. Využití testu integrity v klinické praxi a psychologii práce“. Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445979.
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Univerzita Karlova 1. lékařská fakulta Studijní program: Psychologie Studijní obor: Lékařská psychologie a psychopatologie Tereza Příhodová, M.A. Měření integrity v klinických podmínkách a v situaci výběru Využití testu integrity v klinické praxi a psychologii práce Integrity measures under clinical conditions and in selection situations The use of integrity test in clinical practice and at work psychology Disertační práce - abstrakt v anglickém jazyce Vedoucí závěrečné práce/Školitel: doc. PhDr. Marek Preiss, Ph.D. Konzultant: PhDr. et PaedDr. Pavel Harsa, Ph.D. et Ph.D. Praha, 2021 ABSTRACT Integrity is a psychological and philosophical construct, which is closely related to the concepts of moral psychology. In different psychological disciplines it is often associated with related constructs including conscientiousness, virtue, honesty or emotional stability. In Czech psychological and psychiatric practice integrity is a variable, which is commonly not measured and evaluated as a personal asset, mainly due to the fact that there is a lack of proper instruments, which would be accessible to clinicians or researchers. The main goal of this dissertation thesis was to introduce newly developed integrity test, which is applicable in clinical and in non-clinical settings. Thus, this thesis summarizes the...
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Zachová, Zuzana. „Model úsilí Daniela Gila a jeho aplikace na simultánní tlumočení projevů nasycených vlastními jmény. Porovnání dvou jazykových kombinací: francouzština - čeština a český znakový jazyk - čeština“. Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-393668.
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This thesis verifies the applicability of the Daniel Gile's Effort Model on two language pairs, French - Czech and Czech Sign Language - Czech. It is a theoretical-empirical thesis. The theoretical part offers a brief explanation of the process of simultaneous interpreting, of the Gile's Effort Model of simultaneous interpreting for spoken and sign languages, of the quality in interpretation, of the reason of failure during the transmission and of the coping strategies and tactics. Considering the accomplished experiment, which was focused on proper nouns and its influence on the interpreter's discourse, the last part is devoted to proper nouns and its use in Czech, in Czech Sign Language and its transmission during the interpretation, because the experts agree on fact, that proper nouns are problem triggers, that makes the transmission of the message difficult and that may cause a failure. The empirical part consists of an experiment. Its aim was to verify the applicability of the Effort model on two language pairs by using a discourse containing proper nouns. Three variables or factors were examined - the successful transmission of proper noun, the successful transmission of the segment containing noun and of the successive segment. The aim was not only to find out the results for each language...
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KUBĚNOVÁ, Barbora. „Infant handling in male Barbary macaques“. Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264796.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Non-maternal manipulation of infants also called infant handling in male Barbary macaques attracts scientific attention due to its intensity in combination with promiscuity of the species that should select against paternal care. This PhD thesis consists of four studies that investigate male infant handling in wild group of Barbary macaques in Morocco. The studies are based on original data and the results provide new information about the behaviour and thus significantly contribute to its explanation. First, we offer new insights into the relationship between distribution of mating and infant handling, and ask whether it can be better explained by paternal effort or future mating success with infants' mothers. Second, we broaden the range of explanations beyond the original hypothesis of relationship management for male-infant-male interactions. Third, we focus on the question whether males use knowledge of third party relationship when distributing infant handling interactions. Fourth, we demonstrate how care of infants can surprisingly contribute to the reintroduction of an infant who is not native in its group.