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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Usher, Syndrome d' – Génétique“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Usher, Syndrome d' – Génétique"
Perpoint, T., M. H. Girard-Madoux, M. O. Rolland, C. Dolmazon, P. Miranda und J. Ninet. „Confirmation génétique d'un syndrome d'hyperimmunoglobulinémie D“. La Revue de Médecine Interne 22 (Juni 2001): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(01)83541-4.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSahu, Sabin, und Sanjay Kumar Singh. „Usher syndrome Type I in an adult Nepalese male: a rare case report“. Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology 9, Nr. 2 (21.02.2018): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v9i2.19271.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOgun, Oluwatobi, und Marisa Zallocchi. „Clarin-1 acts as a modulator of mechanotransduction activity and presynaptic ribbon assembly“. Journal of Cell Biology 207, Nr. 3 (03.11.2014): 375–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201404016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGoradwar, Vaishnavi Uttam, und Alka Rawekar. „Predominance of Inadequate Extent of Vitamin D Amid COVID 19 Patients and Related Threat in India“. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 23.12.2021, 1607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i60b34784.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBhatt, Yashvi, David M. Hunt und Livia S. Carvalho. „The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave“. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 16 (03.07.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2023.1153934.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Usher, Syndrome d' – Génétique"
Besnard, Thomas. „Syndrome de Usher : outils innovants pour une exploration moléculaire exhaustive“. Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON13512/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUsher syndrome is a genetic disorder combining sensorineural hearing loss (HL) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Some patients will also exhibit vestibular areflexia (VA). Clinical and genetic heterogeneity is recognized as the 3 clinical subgroups, defined mainly on the degree of HL and VA, can be caused by mutations in one of the 10 known genes. It is important to use all accessible genetic tools to identify and characterize molecular origin in order to improve the knowledge of the physiopathological mechanisms causing Usher Syndrome.In this context, we have developed an exhaustive approach. In a first step, we have implemented the analysis and established the mutational spectrum of the 2 minor USH2 genes (GPR98 and DFNB31). In addition, we have developed several tools, in particular to study variants susceptible to alter splicing or lying in the promoter regions of the USH2 genes.Thanks to this work, the USH2 mutation detection rate has now been raised to 90%, similar to that of USH1.We have then designed a targeted exome of the Usher genes to be sequenced using the GS Junior system (Roche 454). The aim of the study was to test the feasibility of this new technics for a possible transfer to diagnostic facilities. Quality criteria and variant priorization were set up on a control cohort (previously studied in one of the USH gene). The study has then been extended on a patient cohort. Our results indicate that NGS Usher-exome can be used in molecular diagnostics but improvement of the reliability of the sequencing technology, bioinformatics tools and dedicated databases is essential
Liquori, Alessandro. „Deciphering molecular mechanisms of unusual variants in Usher Syndrome“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTT016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUsher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the association of sensorineural hearing loss (HL) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and in some cases, vestibular areflexia. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity are recognised. Indeed, three clinical types can be caused by mutations in one of the 10 known genes and USH2A represents the most frequently involved gene.Approximately 10 % of the USH cases remain genetically unsolved after extensive molecular analysis of the different genes, which includes sequencing of the exons and their intronic boundaries, combined to large rearrangements screening by array CGH. These unsolved cases include patients who do not carry any mutation in any of the known USH genes and patients who carry a single USH mutation. During this thesis we focalised on the study of patients carrying a single mutation in USH2A and PCDH15 gene.First, we have analysed a cohort of well-defined USH2A patients: five patients, for whom a single USH2A heterozygous mutation had been identified and one patient carrying a silent variant in trans to a nonsense mutation. For the 5 patients, we supposed that the second mutation remaining to be found could be localised deep in the introns. Indeed, a deep intronic mutation resulting in the inclusion of a pseudoexon (PE 40) in USH2A transcripts had been identified, following RNA analysis from nasal cells. Unfortunately, analysing USH2A transcripts still represent a challenging approach in a diagnostic settings and it is not always possible. To circumvent this issue, we have developed a DNA-Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) approach to identify deep intronic variants in USH2A and evaluate their consequences on splicing. As a proof of concept and to validate this approach, including the bioinformatics pipeline and the assessment of splicing predictor tools, the patient carrying the PE 40 was analysed at first. Then, the 5 patients were studied using the defined pipeline, which led to the identification of 3 distinct novel deep intronic variants in 4 of them. All were predicted to affect splicing and resulted in the insertion of PEs, as shown by minigene assays. Through this study, we present a new and attractive strategy to identify deep intronic mutations, when RNA analyses are not possible. In addition, the bioinformatics pipeline developed is independent of the gene size, implying the possible application of this approach to any disease-linked gene. Moreover, an antisense morpholino oligonucleotide (AMO) tested in vitro for its ability to restore the splicing alterations caused by one of the identified mutation provided high inhibition rates. These results are indicative of a potential application for molecular therapy.In the second case, we have performed studies on the USH2A c.1377T>A silent variant to investigate its effect on splicing. Analysis of RNA from nasal cells of patients showed that this variant led to the skipping of exon 8 in USH2A transcripts. This was confirmed by minigene assay. Moreover, preliminary studies have been performed using prediction tools and minigene assays to assess the involvement of cis-acting elements in causing the aberrant splicing.In the second part of the thesis, we have analysed an USH1 patient, for whom only one mutation had been identified in the PCDH15 gene. In this case, we combined nasal epithelial cells culture with the analysis of the PCDH15 transcripts. This was performed by sequencing five overlapping RT-PCRs. Through this analysis, we were able to delimit a region within the transcript, which failed to be amplified exclusively in the allele carrying the unidentified mutation. Further analyses have been performed in the corresponding genomic region by NGS-target capture and LongRange PCR associated with Sanger sequencing. However, no evident mutation has been identified so far. Therefore, we suggest the involvement of complex molecular mechanisms that remain to be characterised
Lahlou, Ghizlène. „Thérapie génique translationnelle des surdités et troubles vestibulaires d'origine génétique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2020SORUS090.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeafness and vestibular disorders are frequent pathologies, and sources of disability and impaired quality of life. Deafness is the most common sensory disorder in humans, and 1 child is born deaf for every 700 births. Currently, there is no cure for these disorders. A promising therapeutic alternative is gene therapy using rAAV, and numerous preclinical studies have provided proof of its efficacy in the treatment of deafness and vestibular disorders of genetic origin. However, many challenges remain to be overcome before considering application in humans. In this work, we sought to identify the key steps to be taken for a clinical application of gene therapy for 2 human genetic causes of deafness, USH1G syndrome and DFNB9 deafness. We used the corresponding mouse models for this, as well as studies in non-human primates and an in vitro human vestibular organ explant model. We were able to show that the therapeutic window was a major factor to take into account in a translational objective. The stage of maturation of the inner ear greatly influences the effectiveness of therapy, especially when the pathology involves developmental abnormalities such as in USH1 syndrome. However, we were able to provide evidence of an extension of the therapeutic window in Ush1g-/- mice, and to show that viral gene therapy performed at a mature stage allowed vestibular function to be restored to a level close to normal, and to a lesser extent a restauration of hearing function. In DFNB9 deafness for which there is no developmental abnormality, we were able to show that gene therapy allowed a complete restoration of hearing, and laid the foundations for a future therapy in humans
Cortese, Matteo. „Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Usher syndrome pathogenesis“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066390/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUsher syndrome (USH) causes a combined deafness-blindness in humans. At least nine causative genes are known. While the analysis of USH knockout mice has shed light on the origin of the auditory deficit, the causes of vision loss are still unclear. Nevertheless, USH1B protein, myosin VIIa, appears to contribute to intracellular traffic in photoreceptor cells. To better understand the role of this myosin in the retina, I studied the functions of its interacting partner, spectrin βV. We found that spectrin V, along with USH1 proteins, participates in intracellular transport by coupling motor proteins (myosin VIIa, kinesin II, dynein/dynactin complex) to the cargoes en route towards the outer segment of photoreceptor cells. Evidence from comparative studies in frog and mouse inner ear, biochemical assays and phylogenetic analyses point to cargo trafficking to and from the apical cell region, as the likely ancestral function of this spectrin. Our analyses also suggest that evolutionary pressures in the mammalian lineage drove the recruitment of spectrin βV to the lateral wall of auditory outer hair cells, probably to support a new function: electromotility. Finally, I explored the origin of hearing loss in Usher syndrome of type III (USH3). So far, the only causal gene known is CLRN1, which codes for clarin-1. The comparative characterization of two Clrn1 mouse mutants revealed that clarin-1 is required for the maturation and maintenance of the hair bundle in the hair cells. Moreover, our results indicate that clarin-1 is also essential to cluster the voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in close proximity to the exocytotic machinery of the ribbon synapse of inner hair cells
Trouillet, Alix. „Cone photoreceptor degeneration in models of HANAC and Usher syndrome“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066521.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePhotoreceptors are very specific neurons dedicated to phototransduction, which relies on very complex machinery. The maintained depolarization in darkness triggers a constant and thus very specific type of synaptic transmission. These require high energy need. As a consequence, photoreceptors can degenerate in various hereditary retinal diseases when phototransduction or energy consumption are altered. The Usher syndrome is such a hereditary disease leading to both deafness and blindness. If Usher proteins are involved in the mechanotransduction in hair cells, investigating their role in photoreceptors has been hamperedby the lack of a retinal phenotype in murine models. Similarly, understanding themolecular mechanisms of cone dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy has beenhampered by the lack of vascular and neuronal symptoms and neuronal models. During my PhD, I have developed animal models of Usher and HANAC syndromes both leading to cone photoreceptor dysfunction and damage. Cone dysfunction was demonstrated by electroretinogram recording and by morphological changes, retinal gliosis and microglial activation. In the Usher models, I also demonstrated photoreceptor neuroprotection by different strategies. In the HANAC model, neuronal dysfunction was associated as in diabetic retinopathy to blood vessel tortuosity, blood vessel permeability and incresead VEGF expression levels. These phenotypic evaluations of mouse models provide new insights into the physiopathology of cone photoreceptor degeneration in Usher syndrome and in complex vascular diseases. It also open the way for the development and assessment of new therapeutic strategies for these diseases leading to blindness
Delhommel, Florent. „Etude structurale de la Whirline, protéine modulaire cruciale dans les mécanismes de la vision et de l'audition“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066151/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVision and hearing rely on the capacity of cells to rapidly transduce electromagnetic waves or sound waves into chemical messages that are transmissible to the brain. The function of these sensory cells requires unique morphologies. The mutations of eleven genes are responsible for Usher syndromes, associating blindness and deafness. The Usher proteins are pivotal to the architecture of the photoreceptor and hearing cells. They form complexes in which the critical interactions are mainly maintained by PDZ domains. One of these central proteins is Whirlin, a multi-domain protein encompassing three PDZ domains. To understand the molecular basis of the Usher syndromes, we focused our project on the biochemical and biophysical characterization of Whirlin. We identified a new HHD2 domain on Whirlin, for which we solved the structure at high resolution and determined the behavior in solution, isolated or with adjacent domains. We then identified a transient supramodule between two PDZ domains, maintained by PDZ structured extensions. We determined the structure of the compact and unique conformation of this tandem and we characterized its equilibrium with an ensemble of more extended conformations. Finally, we characterized in vitro the network of interaction of the PDZ domains of Whirlin, with the majority of the Usher proteins. Our results on the modular structure and the interactome of Whirlin get insight into the role of Whirlin in the numerous complexes formed by the Usher proteins and allow to better explain the consequences of its mutation on the molecular mechanisms of hearing and vision
Papal, Samantha. „La spectrine βv, une spectrine géante dans les cellules sensorielles visuelles et auditives, ses fonctions et son évolution“. Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066139.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUsher syndrome is the most frequent cause of deaf-blindness in Humans. Defects in myosin VIIa causes the USH1B syndrome. To understand the role of this actin-based motor in the retinal pathology, we identified and characterized its interaction with a non-conventional spectrin, spectrin βV, in the retinal photoreceptor cells. We found that spectrin βV associates also with other USH1 proteins, opsin and some other phototransduction proteins, as well as to the microtubule-based motors. Together our data led us suggest that spectrin βV contribute to protein transport towards the photoreceptor outer disks, site of phototransduction. Moreover, we found that βV spectrin has been submitted to a positive selection in mammalian lineage, which could explain the differences we observed in the localization and the function of the protein in different cell types and species
Boëda, Batiste. „Formation de la touffe ciliaire des cellules sensorielles auditives : approche génétique fondée sur l'étude de surdités héréditaires humaines et murines“. Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLegendre, Kirian. „La βV spectrine, quand une spectrine défie les conventions dans les cellules ciliées auditives et visuelles“. Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066580.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePatni, Pranav. „Disease mechanism and functional redundancy in clarin-mediated hearing and balance disorders“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUsher Syndrome (USH) is the first cause of deafness blindness in humans. 3 USH clinical types (USH1-3) are defined. Type III clinical form patients hearing loss is not congenital, but progressive, usually occurring during or after adolescence, and the presence of vestibular defects and age of onset of retinitis pigmentosa is variable. I studied the role of clarin-1, causing USH3A. CLRN1 gene encodes clarin-1. The characterization of Clrn1 mutant mice revealed that clarin-1 is essential for the structural organization and function of the presynaptic channels Cav1.3 Ca2+ at the inner hair cell ribbon synapse and for the distribution of postsynaptic AMPA receptors. The viral-mediated transfer of the intact Clrn1 into the clarin-1 mutant mice in cochlea durably prevented synaptic defects and occurrence of the hearing loss. I also explored the role of clarin-2 another member of the clarin family, the absence of which leads to hearing loss. The clarin-2 mutant mice have a progressive, early-onset hearing loss. Our findings demonstrate a key role for clarin-2 in mammalian hearing, providing insights into the interplay between mechano-electrical transduction and stereocilia maintenance. Finally, I studied the compensatory mechanisms involving the two clarins which might conceal important functions in the inner ear. The inactivation of both Clrn1 and Clrn2 impairs prematurely the vestibular function, total loss of mechano-electrical transduction & extreme disruptions of the hair bundle stereocilia. Further elucidation of the mechanisms through which the two clarins interact, and the importance of such interactions in the vestibular and cochlear systems is underway
Bücher zum Thema "Usher, Syndrome d' – Génétique"
J, Epstein Charles, Nadel Lynn und National Down Syndrome Society (U.S.), Hrsg. Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease: Proceedings of the National Down Syndrome Society Conference on Down Syndrome and Alzheimer Disease, held in New York, January 16 and 17, 1992. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992.
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