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Thematische Bibliographien / Unconscious influence / Zeitschriftenartikel

Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Unconscious influence“

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Veröffentlicht am 22. Juni 2024

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1

Tayebi Khorrami, Fereshteh, Mohammad Hossein Fallah und Hassn Zareei Mahmood Abadi. „The Effect of Unconscious Influences of Satellite Channels on Attitude of Using Satellite“. Journal of Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 8, Nr. 1 (29.09.2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jrset.vol8iss1pp14-21.

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In recent years, users of satellite networks is increasing, and users of learning hidden and the effects of the unconscious as a result of the use of satellite data to be transferred is limited. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of unconscious influences satellite networks in changing the attitude of the satellite was done. This research is quasi-experimental pretest - post-test with control group. The study population consisted of all parents participating in the Parents Community School District 2 city Safashahr school year was 92%. For this purpose, 30 female users of of 90-minute experimental satellites were trained on the unconscious effects. Subjects in both groups at the beginning and end of the study using a questionnaire approach were tested using satellites. To analyze the data, analysis of covariance was used. The results of analysis of covariance showed the effects of unconscious cause’s negative attitude of the satellite. So we can unconsciously influence the teaching and learning process in the use of satellites may be hidden causing a negative attitude towards the use of satellites.

2

Sher, Shlomi, und Piotr Winkielman. „What we (don't) know about what we know“. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, Nr. 1 (24.01.2014): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x13000836.

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AbstractThe hypothesis of unconscious influences on complex behavior is observationally equivalent to the dissociability of cognition and metacognition (reportability). The target article convincingly argues that evidence for unconscious influence is limited by the quality of the metacognitive measure used. However, it understates the empirical evidence for unconscious influences and overlooks considerations of cognitive architecture that make cognitive/metacognitive dissociations likely.

3

Tran, Xuan, und Linda Ralston. „Tourist preferences influence of unconscious needs“. Annals of Tourism Research 33, Nr. 2 (April 2006): 424–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.10.014.

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4

Srinivasan, Narayanan, und Sumitava Mukherjee. „Even “unconscious thought” is influenced by attentional mechanisms“. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, Nr. 1 (24.01.2014): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x1300085x.

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AbstractIn this commentary, we focus on the role of attentional mechanisms in unconscious thought. We argue that even distracted or unconscious thought is capacity limited and differences in scope of attention influence processing during unconscious thought. Attention also would influence processes at different stages in the proposed lens model. We conclude that there is a clear need to understand the role of attention to better understand conscious or unconscious thought.

5

Roy, Sudeshna. „Culturally unconscious“. International Communication Gazette 74, Nr. 6 (24.09.2012): 556–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048512454823.

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In this article, the author critically examines The New York Times ( NYT) representation of the Israel–Palestine conflict in the recent political contexts presented by US President Obama’s Cairo speech in 2009 and leader of West Bank, President Mahmoud Abbas’s, imminent claim to nationhood at the UN in 2011. The purpose of the case study is to establish a theoretical framework for the connection between media representation of conflicts and influence on intercultural communication and relations between various cultural groups. The analysis of the editorials, op-eds, and letters to the editor reveals that media representation of conflicts has deep implications for intercultural communication and relations, that representational politics allows for overrepresentation of dominant groups in the Israel–Palestine conflict context, that discursive use of conflict terms like ‘peace,’ ‘victim,’ etc., constructs particular identities that privilege dominant groups, and that there is unconscious projection of cultural expectations of the dominant groups in the discursive representation of the conflict.

6

Huang, Julie Y., und John A. Bargh. „The Selfish Goal: Autonomously operating motivational structures as the proximate cause of human judgment and behavior“. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, Nr. 2 (April 2014): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x13000290.

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AbstractWe propose the Selfish Goal model, which holds that a person's behavior is driven by psychological processes called goals that guide his or her behavior, at times in contradictory directions. Goals can operate both consciously and unconsciously, and when activated they can trigger downstream effects on a person's information processing and behavioral possibilities that promote only the attainment of goal end-states (and not necessarily the overall interests of the individual). Hence, goals influence a person as if the goals themselves were selfish and interested only in their own completion. We argue that there is an evolutionary basis to believe that conscious goals evolved from unconscious and selfish forms of pursuit. This theoretical framework predicts the existence of unconscious goal processes capable of guiding behavior in the absence of conscious awareness and control (the automaticity principle), the ability of the most motivating or active goal to constrain a person's information processing and behavior toward successful completion of that goal (the reconfiguration principle), structural similarities between conscious and unconscious goal pursuit (the similarity principle), and goal influences that produce apparent inconsistencies or counterintuitive behaviors in a person's behavior extended over time (the inconsistency principle). Thus, we argue that a person's behaviors are indirectly selected at the goal level but expressed (and comprehended) at the individual level.

7

King, Jennifer, und Bert Hayslip. „The Media's Influence on College Students' Views of Death“. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 44, Nr. 1 (Februar 2002): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hgxd-6wlj-x56f-4aql.

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This study examined the media's influence on 147 college students' views of death. Utilizing the revised Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale, the Incomplete Sentence Blank task, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory measure of Anxiety, the Byrne Repression-Sensitization Scale, and the Media Consumption Scale, a series of MANCOVAs indicated that greater death anxiety was related to the portrayal of group deaths in the media. Results indicated that in some cases, general references to death by the media may bring death fears into consciousness and have no effect on the unconscious, yet specific, real-life examples may increase both unconscious and conscious death fears. In general, conscious and unconscious death fears increased with greater death related media exposure.

8

Pokhrel, Mohan Mani. „Psychoanalysis Theory and Its Educational Implication“. Sotang, Yearly Peer Reviewed Journal 3, Nr. 3 (31.12.2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sotang.v3i3.53830.

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This paper delves into the concepts of consciousness, sub-consciousness, and unconscious mind, as well as Id, ego, and superego levels of mind, defense mechanisms, and educational implications of Freudian theory. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce Freud's psychoanalytic theory and to search for the educational implications of psychoanalysis theory in the present Nepalese context. Freudian theory studies how potent inner forces of "libido" and psychic energy influence human behaviour. Two types of instincts: life instinct or sex/Eros and death instincts aggression/Thanatos, lead an individual's behaviour. This paper introduces psychosexual stages. The unconscious mind continues to influence human behavior, even though we are unaware of these underlying influences. Most activities are led by the unconscious mind, which are mostly stressful. It can be reduced by defense mechanisms.

9

Honcharenko, Olha. „Yakym Yarema’s Views on the Problem of Unconscious Mental Processes and their Background in Philosophy of Kazimierz Twardowski and Franz Brentano“. Studia z Historii Filozofii 13, Nr. 1 (30.04.2022): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/szhf.2022.005.

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This article introduces the views of Yakym Yarema, the Ukrainian representative of the Lviv-Warsaw School, on the problem of unconscious mental processes and proves the direct influence of Kazimierz Twardowski on them and indirect influence of Franz Brentano. The first part of the paper analyses the framework of Yarema’s manuscript “The problems of unconscious mental processes” (1926). The second part demonstrates the background of Yarema’s views on the problem of unconscious mental processes. The article demonstrates that Yarema’s interest in terms of unconscious mental phenomena did not contradict to the tradition of Twardowski’s philosophical school, but was determined by the development of psychology as an independent science.

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Vorobyova, Klarisa I., und Alexey V. Baderko. „RELIGION AS COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS“. HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL STUDIES IN THE FAR EAST 19, Nr. 4 (2022): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31079/1992-2868-2022-19-4-23-27.

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The article provides a theoretical justification of the personal and collective unconscious. The influence of archaic archetypes of the unconscious on the religious consciousness of an individual is described. Z. Freud’s orthodox psychoanalysis is compared with the analytical psychology of K.G. Jung. Freud’s works such as "The Future of an Illusion", "Totem and Taboo" and Jung’s books "Essays on the Psychology of the Unconscious", "An Attempt at a Psychological Interpretation of the Dogma of the Trinity", "Psychology and Religion" are considered. The significance of religion contributing to the individuation of personality is analyzed.

11

Carey, William B. „Butler on Parental Influence on Children: Unconscious Effects“. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 23, Nr. 1 (Februar 2002): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004703-200202000-00003.

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12

Pailhès, Alice, und Gustav Kuhn. „Influencing choices with conversational primes: How a magic trick unconsciously influences card choices“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, Nr. 30 (13.07.2020): 17675–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2000682117.

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Past research demonstrates that unconscious primes can affect people’s decisions. However, these free choice priming paradigms present participants with very few alternatives. Magicians’ forcing techniques provide a powerful tool to investigate how natural implicit primes can unconsciously influence decisions with multiple alternatives. We used video and live performances of the mental priming force. This technique uses subtle nonverbal and verbal conversational primes to influence spectators to choose the three of diamonds. Our results show that a large number of participants chose the target card while reporting feeling free and in control of their choice. Even when they were influenced by the primes, participants typically failed to give the reason for their choice. These results show that naturally embedding primes within a person’s speech and gestures effectively influenced people’s decision making. This raises the possibility that this form of mind control could be used to effectively manipulate other mental processes.

13

Pica, Emily, Chelsea Sheahan und Joanna Pozzulo. „“But He’s a Star Football Player!”: How Social Status Influences Mock Jurors’ Perceptions in a Sexual Assault Case“. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, Nr. 19-20 (14.06.2017): 3963–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517713715.

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There have been several recent, high-profile cases in the media that have shed light on the perceived leniency in sentencing defendants in sexual assault cases. In a number of these cases, the defendant was well known within their community (e.g., Brock Turner; People v. Turner) or nationally (e.g., Ghomeshi; R v. Ghomeshi). The purpose of this study was to examine how the social status of the defendant (low vs. high), victim social status (low vs. high), victim gender (male vs. female), and the reason the victim was unconscious during the assault (consuming alcohol vs. consuming cold medicine) influenced mock jurors’ decisions in a sexual assault case. Mock jurors ( N = 489) read a mock trial transcript depicting an alleged sexual assault. Mock jurors were asked to render a dichotomous verdict, continuous guilt rating, and rate their perceptions of the victim and defendant. There was no influence of the variables on mock jurors’ dichotomous verdicts; however, social status influenced guilt ratings. There also was a combined influence of the defendant’s social status and the reason the victim was unconscious such that when the defendant was described as low status, and the victim was unconscious due to alcohol consumption, the defendant received higher guilt ratings compared with when the victim was unconscious due to cold medicine. Moreover, the victim was perceived as having more control over the situation when the defendant was the star quarterback (i.e., high status), the victim was female, and she was unconscious due to alcohol consumption compared with cold medicine. These results suggest that victims may be blamed based on their perceived social status and other factors that may have influenced their control over the sexual assault, such as alcohol consumption.

14

van der Ploeg, Melanie M., Jos F. Brosschot, Markus Quirin, Richard D. Lane und Bart Verkuil. „Inducing Unconscious Stress“. Journal of Psychophysiology 34, Nr. 3 (01.07.2020): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000247.

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Abstract. Stress-related stimuli may be presented outside of awareness and may ultimately influence health by causing repetitive increases in physiological parameters, such as blood pressure (BP). In this study, we aimed to corroborate previous studies that demonstrated BP effects of subliminally presented stress-related stimuli. This would add evidence to the hypothesis that unconscious manifestations of stress can affect somatic health. Additionally, we suggest that these findings may be extended by measuring affective changes relating to these physiological changes, using measures for self-reported and implicit positive and negative affectivity. Using a repeated measures between-subject design, we presented either the prime word “angry” ( n = 26) or “relax” ( n = 28) subliminally (17 ms) for 100 trials to a student sample and measured systolic and diastolic BP, heart rate (HR), and affect. The “angry” prime, compared to the “relax” prime, did not affect any of the outcome variables. During the priming task, a higher level of implicit negative affect (INA) was associated with a lower systolic BP and diastolic BP. No association was found with HR. Self-reported affect and implicit positive affect were not related to the cardiovascular (CV) activity. In sum, anger and relax primes elicited similar CV activity patterns, but implicit measures of affect may provide a new method to examine the relationship between (unconscious) stress and health.

15

Malik, Rajesh, und Antonios Paraherakis. „How Limited is the Unconscious? A Brief Commentary“. Perceptual and Motor Skills 86, Nr. 1 (Februar 1998): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.86.1.345.

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This report discusses the problems associated with the prevailing view chat the province of unconscious influence is highly restricted. It is argued that present empirical data neither strongly support nor argue against a circumscribed notion of the unconscious.

16

Khokhlov, Nikita A., und Elena D. Fyodorova. „Neuropsychology of the unconscious: current state of the problem“. National Psychological Journal 41, Nr. 1 (2021): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/npj.2021.0111.

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Introduction. The sphere of the unconscious includes many phenomena that have a strong influence on human behaviour and cognitive activity. Although the importance of taking into account the unconscious is evident to most psychotherapists, its role is visibly underestimated in neuropsychology. In this regard, the present state of research on brain organization of unconscious processes is of interest. Objective. The review aims to describe the current state of research on brain mechanisms of the unconscious. Procedure. The present paper describes a variety of unconscious phenomena. It also outlines widespread points of view on the correlation between consciousness and unconscious and discusses the freewill problem. The question posed is whether the research programme of neuropsychology allows studying the unconscious phenomena. The study analyses the subject matter of neuropsychology and discusses the historical change of A.R. Luria’s views on psychology of the unconscious. The paper describes the studies of brain mechanisms underlying a variety of unconscious manifestations that have been conducted within different psychological schools. The aim is to consider the essential principles of neuropsychological research of the unconscious. Conclusion. In foreign neuroscience there are numerous studies in the field of brain mechanisms of unconscious processes. Up to now, the leading positions in the sphere are taken by neuropsychoanalysis and cognitive neuroscience. In Russian neuropsychology the unconscious is barely investigated because it does not comply with the traditional research object, that is, the higher mental functions. However, in the current conditions, the research programme of neuropsychology allows studying the unconscious. The paper highlights the advantages of investigating the unconscious phenomena from the neuropsychological standpoint considering its evolutionary purpose.

17

Song, Sunbin, Stephen J. Gotts, Eran Dayan und Leonardo G. Cohen. „Practice Structure Improves Unconscious Transitional Memories by Increasing Synchrony in a Premotor Network“. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, Nr. 8 (August 2015): 1503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00796.

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Sequence learning relies on formation of unconscious transitional and conscious ordinal memories. The influence of practice type on formation of these memories that compose skill and systems level neural substrates is not known. Here, we studied learning of transitional and ordinal memories in participants trained on motor sequences while scanned using fMRI. Practice structure was varied or grouped (mixing or grouping sequences during training, respectively). Memory was assessed 30 min and 1 week later. Varied practice improved transitional memory and enhanced coupling of the dorsal premotor cortex with thalamus, cerebellum, and lingual and cingulate regions and greater transitional memory correlated with this coupling. Thus, varied practice improves unconscious transitional memories in proportion to coupling within a cortico-subcortical network linked to premotor cortex. This result indicates that practice structure influences unconscious transitional memory formation and identifies underlying systems level mechanisms.

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Chapman, A. H., und Mirian Chapman-Santana. „The Influence of Nietzsche on Freud's Ideas“. British Journal of Psychiatry 166, Nr. 2 (Februar 1995): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.166.2.251.

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BackgroundThe striking analogies between the ideas of Freud and Friedrich Nietzsche, whose works were published from one to three decades before those of Freud, have been commented upon, but no previous systematic correlation of the ideas of Nietzsche and Freud has been made.MethodThe major works of Nietzsche were read, and each possible analogy to an idea later broached by Freud was correlated by a systematic review of his works. Any references to Nietzsche in Freud's writings and reported conversation were culled.ResultsConcepts of Nietzsche which are similar to those of Freud include (a) the concept of the unconscious mind; (b) the idea that repression pushes unacceptable feelings and thoughts into the unconscious and thus makes the individual emotionally more comfortable and effective; (c) the conception that repressed emotions and instinctual drives later are expressed in disguised ways (for example, hostile feelings and ideas may be expressed as altruistic sentiments and acts); (d) the concept of dreams as complex, symbolic “illusions of illusions” and dreaming itself as a cathartic process which has healthy properties; and (e) the suggestion that the projection of hostile, unconscious feelings onto others, who are then perceived as persecutors of the individual, is the basis of paranoid thinking. Some of Freud's basic terms are identical to those used by Nietzsche.ConclusionFreud repeatedly stated that he had never read Nietzsche. Evidence contradicting this are his references to Nietzsche and his quotations and paraphrases of him, in casual conversation and his now published personal correspondence, as well as in his early and later writings.

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MEI, Hongyu, und Song WU. „The influence of detectors’ unconscious process on deception detection“. Advances in Psychological Science 26, Nr. 11 (2018): 2035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2018.02035.

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20

Ismayanti, Ismayanti, Ina Djamhur und Levyda Levyda. „Indonesian Tourists’ Preferences Influence of Conscious and Unconscious Motives“. Winners 12, Nr. 1 (31.03.2011): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/tw.v12i1.680.

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Motivation is the foremost variable to explain the travel preferences. It is identified that there are two motives of travelling: inner intention as the unconscious motives and outer magnet as the conscious motives. Inner intentions derive from tourists’ mindset and push the actor to perform. Outer magnet is created by destination (tourism supplier, operators, hotelier etc.) to pull the customers. From 331 respondents in Jakarta (capital city) and Bandung as tourist generating regions in Indonesia showed that there are partial element of inner intention that encourage Indonesian to travel: religiousness and leisure time, and there are collective element of outer magnet that fascinate Indonesian tourist: cultural attraction and activities, outrange between domicile region and destination, and sophisticated amenities.

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Zhu, Bingman. „What Steps can be Taken to Reduce Unconscious Bias in the Workplace?“ Academic Journal of Management and Social Sciences 5, Nr. 1 (05.11.2023): 200–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajmss.v5i1.14088.

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This paper delves into strategies for mitigating unconscious bias in the workplace. Firstly, adopting the "blinding" approach involves acknowledging the presence of bias and instituting systematic policies to prevent its impact on pivotal decisions. Secondly, through "Unconscious Bias Training" (UBT) and the "Implicit Association Test" (IAT), employees gain insights into and reduce unconscious biases, enhancing awareness of their potential influence. Additionally, maintaining objectivity by scrutinizing choices and seeking feedback from others is a crucial step in bias reduction. Finally, the paper underscores the significance of cultural humility, emphasizing that leaders should recognize diversity and apply cultural humility for positive outcomes. By following these steps, the workplace can effectively minimize unconscious bias, fostering a more inclusive and equitable environment.

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Holub, Iryna. „Descartes’ cogito as a basis of the phenomenological realizing of a consciousness“. Sententiae 13, Nr. 2 (26.12.2005): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/sent13.02.073.

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The article is devoted to the Cartesian cogito as a basic concept of the phenomenological approach to consciousness. The author aims to develop the thesis about the importance of the Cartesian cogito in the context of the possibility of the unconscious in phenomenological psychology. The solid foundation of Cartesian "universal mathematics" is consciousness, purified from sensual components, access to which is achieved through the methodical procedure of doubt. In the author's opinion, R. Descartes' influence on E. Husserl regarding the concept of consciousness was exercised through F. Brentano, and the author provides a refutation of F. Brentano's possibility of the existence of the unconscious. In this aspect, the problem of the correlation between consciousness and psyche, as well as the issue of the unconscious in the phenomenological tradition is considered. The author concludes that the unconscious cannot act as an ontological level of the unconscious psyche.

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Geng, Jiaxian, Fanying Meng, Chao Wang, Hanna Haponenko und Anmin Li. „Motor expertise affects the unconscious processing of geometric forms“. PeerJ 8 (08.07.2020): e9520. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9520.

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Background The unconscious processing of information is an important skill used by competitive athletes to handle the rapidly changing movements of opponents and equipment. Previous studies have shown that unconscious information processing among athletes is better than that among non-athletes in the sports-specific domain. However, it is not yet clear whether athletes also show superior unconscious information processing in the general cognitive domain. Methods Twenty-five competitive table tennis players (athletes) and 26 aged-matched non-athletic college students (non-athlete controls) were recruited for this study. Participants first performed a masked priming task that used geometric shapes as primes and targets to examine unconscious information processing in the general cognitive domain. As a control, participants then completed a prime identification task to determine whether they could consciously detect the priming geometric forms. Reaction times and error rates were analyzed to examine whether motor expertise influenced unconscious information processing in the general domain. Nineteen athletes and 17 non-athletes from our present study, which used general stimuli, also participated in our previous study, which used sport-specific stimuli. The strength of the unconscious response priming effect was analyzed to examine whether the effect of motor expertise on unconscious processing could be transferred from a sports-specific domain to a general domain. Results Signal detection analyses indicated that neither athletes nor non-athletes could consciously perceive the priming stimuli. Two-way repeated-measures analyses of variance followed by simple main effects analyses of the masked priming performance, indicating that athletes responded faster and committed fewer errors when the priming stimulus was congruent with the target stimulus. These results suggested that athletes exhibited a significant unconscious response priming effect of geometric forms. By contrast, non-athletes did not respond faster or commit fewer errors for congruent vs. incongruent conditions. No significant difference was detected between athletes and non-athletes in error rates for congruent trials, but athletes committed significantly more errors than non-athletes on incongruent trials. The strength of the unconscious response priming effect that athletes exhibited was greater than that for non-athletes, both in the present study with general stimuli and in our previous study with sport-specific stimuli. Conclusion The results indicated that motor expertise facilitated the unconscious processing of geometric forms, suggesting that the influence of motor expertise on unconscious information processing occurs not only for the sports-specific domain but also transfers to the general cognitive domain.

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Morgan, Mary. „A psychoanalytic understanding of the couple relationship: the Tavistock Relationships approach“. Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy in China 5, Nr. 1 (20.06.2022): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/ppc.v5n1.2022.103.

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This article describes a psychoanalytic approach to understanding and treating couple relationships, developed from the pioneering work at the Tavistock Institute of Marital Studies, now called Tavistock Relationships. The approach focuses on the influence of the past on relationships, the nature of couple relationships developmentally and dynamically in the present, and the potential for the creative development of the couple in the future. It focuses on unconscious elements including shared unconscious fantasy, the wish to repeat from the past, and the wish to create something new. It explores the central role of projective identification and mutual projective systems in couples. It concludes with an illustration of a couple treatment in which repetitive ways based on unconscious gridlock and shared unconscious fantasy are reworked in the setting of the couple therapy.

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Levrini, Gabriel R. D., und Mirela Jeffman dos Santos. „The Influence of Price on Purchase Intentions: Comparative Study between Cognitive, Sensory, and Neurophysiological Experiments“. Behavioral Sciences 11, Nr. 2 (25.01.2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11020016.

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Price is considered one of the most important attributes in consumer’s choice. On the other hand, consumer’s knowledge about price tends to be imprecise. This study aims at providing new insights analyzing consumers’ perception of retail store brand (focused on Skin Care Products) comparing with two other skin care products, a premium, and a popular national brand. Second, to analyze the association price versus quality variables in the purchasing decision process. Third, to demonstrate the influence of both, unconscious and cognitive process during the purchase choice intention. Through Neuromarketing tools and protocols (quantitative and qualitative), the study exposes participants to a blind test of the three products and asks participants to talk about their sensory impressions like scent, feelings, and products texture. Using facial electromyography (EMG) and eye-tracker devices we measured consumers’ responses when we introduced price and brand name variables, by this way comparing unconscious and cognitive responses. The findings showed that an unconscious decision could be change when new variables were revealed. The study showed how conscious price variable was the major influence in their purchase intention.

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McGrath, Sean. „The question concerning metaphysics: a Schellingian intervention in analytical psychology“. International Journal of Jungian Studies 6, Nr. 1 (02.01.2014): 23–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19409052.2013.795183.

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Schelling is the least understood of the major German philosophers. His work has a clearly demonstrable influence on the late nineteenth-century psychologies of the unconscious that were a decisive influence on both Freud and Jung. Where the mature Freudian metapsychology is a systematic effort to de-Romanticize the unconscious, purging it of the characteristic Schellingian themes of transcendence, teleology, and theology, Jung goes in the opposite direction: toward a psychology of transcendence, with cosmological and religious implications. This makes Schellingian psychology a natural ally to analytical psychology. But to exploit this hitherto neglected resource, Jungians must overcome Jung's antipathy for metaphysics.

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Cullen-Kortleven,, Kathleen. „Psychoanalysis, Analytic Institutes and the Influence of the European Unconscious“. American Journal of Psychoanalysis 74, Nr. 1 (März 2014): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ajp.2013.44.

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Yang, Zhihan. „How Would Unconscious Jokes Potentially Influence One's Mindset and Behavior“. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 7 (13.01.2023): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v7i.4702.

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"Stop rolling, stop rolling" is a kind of self-deprecation and joke that naturally arises in student groups and even adults under the pressure of society's fierce competition. Studies have shown that self-deprecation and jokes have a positive effect on the release of stress, but from daily life experiences and major online platforms, there are also signs of disgust and dislike for such jokes, that is, after the first layer of positive effects, these jokes often have a second layer of subtle and invisible negative effects. According to cognitive psychology, jokes have certain salient and inhibitory effects. For high school students, "Don't roll it" as an unconscious joke can also potentially affect their mindset and behavior. This study found that, first, the relationship between the two people in the conversation constitutes a different conversational context. One of the factors that may make the difference is "the existence of a competitive relationship". That is, when there is a disparity in power between the two people, the other person being joked about tends to be dismissive. Second, when the mental schema of the conversational pair is inconsistent or lacks consensus, the joke may cause the joked student to be offended. Third, when the self-awareness types of the people in this conversation are different, especially when the subject of the joke belongs to a high self-esteem personality type, the joke will hardly work.

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Cattano, Joseph A. „The influence of unconscious fantasy process in addictions and relapse“. Clinical Social Work Journal 24, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1996): 429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02190748.

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Ortells, Juan J., Christian Frings und Vanesa Plaza-Ayllon. „Influence of spatial attention on conscious and unconscious word priming“. Consciousness and Cognition 21, Nr. 1 (März 2012): 117–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2011.10.012.

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Ardani, Meiri Putri. „Child unconsciousness in 'A Handful of Dates' by Saleh Tayib and 'The Veldt' by Brad Bury“. Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies 10, Nr. 1 (23.04.2021): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v10i1.44784.

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A disappointment in parental behaviour towards children sometimes does not realized by parents. How parents raised their children is one of the reasons children unconsciously experience disappointment, reflected in the short story A Handful of Dates by Tayeb Salih and The Veldt by Ray Bradbury. This study shows that parental attitudes affect children's behaviour. This research uses the close reading method which includes: (1) analyzing the character of children and parents (2) identifying child’s unconsciousness (3) drawing conclusions about the effect of unconscious parental behaviour on children. This study uses psychoanalytic approach. Moreover, this study shows that parents' behaviour toward children’s unconsciousness can influence children's bad behaviour.

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Shylina, N. „HUMAN UNCONSCIOUS PROCESSES AS A FACTOR OF FORMATION OF THE OUTSIDE WORLD AND SOCIAL INTERACTIONS“. Psychology and Personality, Nr. 1 (20.05.2019): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4078.2019.1.163987.

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The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of personality in the modern information society and the influence of the unconscious person on the surrounding world. The author analyzes the psychoanalytic approach to the consideration of the personality by Z. Freud. The author also considers the conflict between the principle of pleasure and the principle of rationality and its influence on the interaction of personality and society. The author characterizes the psychoanalytic approach of J. Frankl. The problem of the mutual influence of personality and society, namely the processes of interiorization and exteriorization, is revealed. The theory of E. Neumann about the influence of the unconscious on the functioning of consciousness is described in the article.E. Edinger’s scientific work is also analyzed by the author. Parallels between the alchemical processes of the unconscious person and their reflection in the behavior and activities of the individual were made. The author analyzes also the modern view on the problem of person and reality in quantum mechanics. In this context, A. Puzikov’s approach is considered. The problem of objective and subjective realities has been raised. The concept of proto-reality is revealed in the article. The influence of the choice of personality from the endless options on the formation of actual reality is explained in the article.

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Sussman, Edna. „Arbitrator Decision-Making: Unconscious Psychological Influences and What You Can Do About Them“. Revista Brasileira de Arbitragem 11, Issue 42 (01.06.2014): 76–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/rba2014020.

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ABSTRACT: Scholars have explored the impact of the unconscious on legal decision-making. Research has shown that, as with all human beings, intuitive reactions play a significant role in judges' decision-making. While there is a lack of agreement as to whether there has been sufficient study of the subject to draw conclusions as to the extent to which a judge's deliberative faculties are invoked to override the intuitive reaction, there is no question that intuition is operative and impacts a judge's decision-making as it does for everyone. Given the similarity of the tasks, one must conclude that arbitrators' decision-making is similarly impacted. This article examines the unconscious intuitive processes in the arbitration process and offers suggestions to foster a more robust deliberative overlay and improve the quality of decisions by arbitrators. It also provides suggestions for counsel's consideration to aid them in capitalizing on these unconscious influences. In order to provide a context that reflects actual arbitrator decision making, the results of a survey of arbitrators is reported where they illustrate and amplify the psychological influence discussed.

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Norman, Elisabeth. „“The Unconscious” in Current Psychology“. European Psychologist 15, Nr. 3 (01.01.2010): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000017.

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A series of vignette examples taken from psychological research on motivation, emotion, decision making, and attitudes illustrates how the influence of unconscious processes is often measured in a range of different behaviors. However, the selected studies share an apparent lack of explicit operational definition of what is meant by consciousness, and there seems to be substantial disagreement about the properties of conscious versus unconscious processing: Consciousness is sometimes equated with attention, sometimes with verbal report ability, and sometimes operationalized in terms of behavioral dissociations between different performance measures. Moreover, the examples all seem to share a dichotomous view of conscious and unconscious processes as being qualitatively different. It is suggested that cognitive research on consciousness can help resolve the apparent disagreement about how to define and measure unconscious processing, as is illustrated by a selection of operational definitions and empirical findings from modern cognitive psychology. These empirical findings also point to the existence of intermediate states of conscious awareness, not easily classifiable as either purely conscious or purely unconscious. Recent hypotheses from cognitive psychology, supplemented with models from social, developmental, and clinical psychology, are then presented all of which are compatible with the view of consciousness as a graded rather than an all-or-none phenomenon. Such a view of consciousness would open up for explorations of intermediate states of awareness in addition to more purely conscious or purely unconscious states and thereby increase our understanding of the seemingly “unconscious” aspects of mental life.

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Millán, Juan David, Nicol A. Barria-Asenjo, Slavoj Žižek, Julio Cesar Ossa und Gonzalo Salas. „A History of Conceptual Parallax. A Study on the Mutual Influence between the Works of Wundt and Freud“. EN-CLAVES del pensamiento, Nr. 34 (28.06.2023): e590. http://dx.doi.org/10.46530/ecdp.v0i34.590.

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Wilhelm Wundt and Sigmund Freud are the founders of psychological modern thought. The concept citation context method was used to analyse the mutual influence. The results show that Wundt's work was important to explain the hallucinatory character of the dream. On the other side, Wundt's quotations about Freud show his refusal to recognize the unconscious as a valid hypothesis to explain any kind of psychological phenomenon. In conclusion, the Freudian unconscious is the excess of the lack of the Wundt´s system to explain phenomena that exceed the study of normal consciousness.

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Schmitt, Natalie Crohn. „Stanislavski, Creativity, and the Unconscious“. New Theatre Quarterly 2, Nr. 8 (November 1986): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00002359.

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As Alice Reyner's paper on Stanislavski and Bradley in NTQ 4 illustrated, Stanislavski remained very much a man of his own time, however enduring his approach to acting has proved. Here, Natalie Crohn Schmitt examines one of the concepts most crucial to ‘the system’ – a concept which is in its essentials, however, derived from nineteenth-century ideas, now being challenged, about the relationship between creativity and the unconscious. Pointing out that Stanislavski himself believed that his ‘system’ was simply the application of natural laws to acting technique, the author shows Stanislavski's indebtedness to the psychological theories of Théodule Armand Ribot, which interpreted all human behaviour in terms of ‘an aim towards fixed ends’. One of the reasons for the decline in influence of Stanislavski's system thus reflects, she argues, the growing belief that creativity is ‘process’, its ends ‘continually redefined by the actions, and vice-versa’ – and the author suggests examples of such a non-Stanislavskian approach among contemporary theatre companies. Natalie Crohn Schmitt is associate professor of theatre in the University of Illinois at Chicago. Her earlier essays have appeared in a wide range of journals, and she has just completed a full-length study, Actors on the Stage of Life. The present paper was written under a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities.

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Ruberg, Willemijn. „Infanticide and the influence of psychoanalysis on Dutch forensic psychiatry in the mid-twentieth century“. History of Psychiatry 32, Nr. 2 (11.02.2021): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x21989174.

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This article demonstrates how psychoanalytic thought, especially ideas by Adler, Reik, Deutsch, and Alexander and Staub, informed forensic psychiatry in the Netherlands from the late 1920s. An analysis of psychiatric explanations of the crime of infanticide shows how in these cases the focus of (forensic) medicine and psychiatry shifted from somatic medicine to a psychoanalytic emphasis on unconscious motives. A psychoanalytic vocabulary can also be found in the reports written by forensic psychiatrists and psychologists in court cases in the 1950s. The new psychoanalytic emphasis on unconscious motives implied a stronger focus on the personality of the suspect. This article argues that psychoanalysis accelerated this development in the mid-twentieth century, contributing to the role of the psy-sciences in normalization processes.

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Ogilvie, Ryan, und Peter Carruthers. „Better tests of consciousness are needed, but skepticism about unconscious processes is unwarranted“. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, Nr. 1 (24.01.2014): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x13000800.

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AbstractWhat people report is, at times, the best evidence we have for what they experience. Newell & Shanks (N&S) do a service for debates regarding the role of unconscious influences on decision making by offering some sound methodological recommendations. We doubt, however, that those recommendations go far enough. For even if people have knowledge of the factors that influence their decisions, it does not follow that such knowledge is conscious, and plays a causal role, at the time the decision is made. Moreover, N&S fail to demonstrate that unconscious thought plays no role at all in decision making. Indeed, such a claim is quite implausible. In making these points we comment on their discussion of the literature on expertise acquisition and the Iowa Gambling Task.

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Rose, Michael, Hilde Haider und Christian Büchel. „Unconscious Detection of Implicit Expectancies“. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17, Nr. 6 (01.06.2005): 918–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0898929054021193.

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The detection of unexpected events is a fundamental process of learning. Theories of cognitive control and previous imaging results indicate a prominent role of the prefrontal cortex in the evaluation of the congruency between expected and actual outcome. In most cases, this attributed function is based on results where the person is consciously aware of the discrepancy. In this functional magnetic imaging (fMRI) study, we examined violations of predicted outcomes that did not enter conscious awareness. Two groups were trained with nearly identical material and the effects of new stimuli were assessed after learning. For the first group, the material was arranged with a hidden regularity. In this incidental learning situation, volunteers acquired implicit knowledge about structural response regularities as was demonstrated by an increase in reaction time when introducing new stimuli that violated the learned relations. To differentiate the detection process of stimuli that deviate from learned expectations from more un-specific effects generated by novel, unfamiliar stimuli, the second group was trained with rearranged material without a hidden regularity. No behavioral effects were found for the introduction of new stimuli in the group without implicit learning. Comparing the two groups, specific fMRI effects concerning the violation of implicitly learned expectations were found in the ventral prefrontal cortex and in the medial-temporal lobe. In accord with theories of learning, the results show a direct influence of the detection of prediction errors on the neuronal activity in learning related structures even in the absence of conscious knowledge about the predictions or their violations.

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van Baaren, Rick, Loes Janssen, Tanya L. Chartrand und Ap Dijksterhuis. „Where is the love? The social aspects of mimicry“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, Nr. 1528 (27.08.2009): 2381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0057.

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One striking characteristic of human social interactions is unconscious mimicry; people have a tendency to take over each other's posture, mannerisms and behaviours without awareness. Our goal is to make the case that unconscious mimicry plays an important role in human social interaction and to show that mimicry is closely related to and moderated by our connectedness to others. First we will position human unconscious mimicry in relation to types of imitation used in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Then we will provide support for social moderation of mimicry. Characteristics of both the mimicker and the mimickee influence the degree of mimicry in a social interaction. Next, we turn to the positive social consequences of this unconscious mimicry and we will present data showing how being imitated makes people more assimilative in general. In the final section, we discuss what these findings imply for theorizing on the mechanisms of imitation and point out several issues that need to be resolved before a start can be made to integrate this field in the broader context of research on imitation.

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Aczel, Balazs, Bence Lukacs, Judit Komlos und Michael R. F. Aitken. „Unconscious intuition or conscious analysis? Critical questions for the Deliberation-Without-Attention paradigm“. Judgment and Decision Making 6, Nr. 4 (Juni 2011): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500001960.

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AbstractThe Deliberation without Attention (DWA) effect refers to apparent improvements in decision-making following a period of distraction. It has been presented as evidence for beneficial unconscious cognitive processes. We identify two major concerns with this claim: first, as these demonstrations typically involve subjective preferences, the effects of distraction cannot be objectively assessed as beneficial; second, there is no direct evidence that the DWA manipulation promotes unconscious decision processes. We describe two tasks based on the DWA paradigm in which we found no evidence that the distraction manipulation led to decision processes that are subjectively unconscious, nor that it reduced the influence of presentation order upon performance. Crucially, we found that a lack of awareness of decision process was associated with poorer performance, both in terms of subjective preference measures used in traditional DWA paradigm and in an equivalent task where performance can be objectively assessed. Therefore, we argue that reliance on conscious memory itself can explain the data. Thus the DWA paradigm is not an adequate method of assessing beneficial unconscious thought.

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Gagnepain, Pierre, Richard N. Henson und Michael C. Anderson. „Suppressing unwanted memories reduces their unconscious influence via targeted cortical inhibition“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111, Nr. 13 (17.03.2014): E1310—E1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1311468111.

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Robben, Antonius C. G. M. „Does the Unconscious Influence Our Ethnography? Psychoanalysis during Fieldwork in Argentina“. Anthropology and Humanism 45, Nr. 2 (26.10.2020): 339–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/anhu.12295.

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Silva, Fábio, Joana Dias, Samuel Silva, Pedro Bem-Haja, Carlos F. Silva und Sandra C. Soares. „Unconscious influence over executive control: Absence of conflict detection and adaptation“. Consciousness and Cognition 63 (August 2018): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2018.06.021.

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Lee, Yoongu, Hyung-IL Lee und Heetae Cho. „How Do Two Types of Exercise Habits Predict Physical Activity with Intention?“ Behavioral Sciences 13, Nr. 11 (15.11.2023): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13110933.

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This manuscript investigates how conscious intention and unconscious exercise habits influence physical activity behavior. While prior research has predominantly focused on conscious decision-making, this study applied a dual-process model to explore the impact of intention and habit on physical activity engagement. Out of the 300 questionnaires distributed to students from one university, 282 questionnaires were utilized for data analysis after excluding insincere responses. Intention was measured using a 7-point scale, while exercise habits were assessed using the Self-Report Behavioral Automaticity Index. In addition, physical activity was measured using the Weekly Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. The validity and reliability of measurement tools were confirmed. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS, including correlation analysis, multiple regression, and moderation analysis. Intention, exercise preparation habit, and exercise performance habit were all found to influence physical activity levels significantly. Intention demonstrated the strongest impact, followed by exercise preparation habit and exercise performance habit. This suggests that the research efforts regarding intention conducted before the emergence of the dual process model, which proposes the importance of unconscious thinking patterns, were not in vain. The analysis revealed a statistically significant moderating effect of exercise preparation habit, but not exercise performance habit, in the relationship between intention and physical activity. Exercise preparation habit was identified as a significant moderator, enhancing the relationship between intention and physical activity. This study underscores the importance of considering both conscious intention and unconscious exercise habits in promoting physical activity. The findings challenge the prevailing emphasis on conscious decision-making and highlight the need for a more comprehensive understanding of unconscious behavior in health behavior interventions. This study is expected to arouse academic interest in the often-neglected area of unconscious behavior.

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Iwaszuk, Marta. „From conscious to unconscious and back. Remarks on Melanie Klein’s interpretation of Magic Word“. Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, Nr. 33 (19.10.2020): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.33.09.2.

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The paper examines fluctuations between conscious and unconscious modes of mind functioning as outlined in Melanie Klein’s interpretation of Magic Word (Klein, 1929/1948), using the double lens of psychoanalytic and semiotic concepts of symbol. The study aims to explore the process of transformation that takes place in conscious and unconscious parts of the mind, when the mind overcomes maniac defences and is confronted with core depressive recognition: a truth about separateness of individual, and all anxieties it arouses. The examination of conscious aspects of depressive position will be performed through the prism of Charles Peirce (1998) semiotic, while unconscious content will be explored according to Melanie Klein psychoanalysis. The results of the study reveal, that employment of psychoanalytic and semiotic perspective simultaneously, when examining dynamics of psychic position, allows to break down the process to smaller, but still explorable sequences. Such approach allows not only to study most distinctive elements of the position but also to track dependencies that occur between them in time on both conscious and unconscious level. Moreover breaking down depressive dynamic to the smaller sequences facilitates more careful monitoring of the disturbing influence of unconscious to consciousness when psychotic response picks up. Similarly, sequential view enables more precise identification of the point when triangle space returns, and so facilitates analysis of conditions associated with that important change.

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Jungnickel, Tobias, Ute von Jan, Stefan Engeli und Urs-Vito Albrecht. „Exploring the weight bias of professionals working in the field of obesity with a mobile IAT: a pilot study“. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism 13 (Januar 2022): 204201882210988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20420188221098881.

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Background: Obesity is common in many industrialized nations and often accompanied by related health issues. Furthermore, individuals living with overweight or obesity are often confronted with stigmatization in their daily lives. These problems may be aggravated if the objectivity of health care professionals is compromised due to (unconscious) prejudices. If pharmaceutical companies, regulatory agencies, and health insurers are also susceptible to these biases, decisions related to the development, approval, and reimbursement of obesity-related therapies may be negatively impacted. Materials and Methods: The ‘Implicit Association Test’ (IAT) is a psychometric test allowing to measure these attitudes and could therefore assist to reveal unconscious preferences. A self-developed mobile version, in the form of a ResearchKit-based IAT app was employed in the presented study. The objective was to determine (potential) weight bias and its characteristics for professionals attending a national obesity-related conference in Germany (G1), compared to a control group (without stated interest in the topic, G2) – both using the mobile app – and a historical control (G3) based on data provided by Project Implicit acquired by a web app. Results: Explicit evaluations of G1 were neutral at a higher percentage compared with G2 and G3, while implicit preference toward lean individuals did not differ significantly between G2 and G3, and G1. Conclusion: The greater discrepancy between the (more neutral) explicit attitude and the unconscious preference pointing in the anti-obesity direction could indicate an underestimated bias for the professional participants in G1. Implicit preference is often ingrained from childhood on, and difficult to overcome. Thus, even for professionals, it may unconsciously influence decisions made in the care they provide. Professionals in any given health care sector directed at obesity care should thus be made aware of this inconsistency to enable them to consciously counteract this potential effect.

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Zhukov, Vyacheslav N. „K.G. Jung: collective unconscious and German national socialism“. Gosudarstvo i pravo, Nr. 4 (2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520019614-6.

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The article examines the views of Swiss psychologist K.G. Jung on German National Socialism from the perspective of his theory of the collective unconscious. According to Jung, understanding the true causes of the emergence of nazism in Germany is possible only by studying the collective unconscious of Germans. The article reveals the mechanism of influence of archetypes on the formation of the ideology and practice of National Socialism. The characterization of the nation, the masses as a biological phenomenon subordinated not so much to reason as to emotions and instincts is given. Jung’s views on dictatorial regimes and dictators of the 20–40s of the XX century are presented.

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ITAGAKI, Yoshinao. „An Influence Degree Measurement of the Affective Value in Unconscious Decision Making“. Transactions of Japan Society of Kansei Engineering 13, Nr. 1 (2014): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5057/jjske.13.269.

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Madipakkam, Apoorva Rajiv, Marcus Rothkirch, Gregor Wilbertz und Philipp Sterzer. „Probing the influence of unconscious fear-conditioned visual stimuli on eye movements“. Consciousness and Cognition 46 (November 2016): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2016.09.016.

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