Dissertationen zum Thema „UML Graph“
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Ziemann, Paul. „An integrated operational semantics for a UML core based on graph transformation /“. Berlin : Logos-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2774091&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZiemann, Paul. „An integrated operational semantics for a UML core based on graph transformation“. Berlin Logos-Verl, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2774091&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, Musleh Mohammad. „Transformation of UML State Machine Diagram into Graph Database to Generate Test Cases“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-426060.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleO'Keefe, Greg, und gregokeefe@netspace net au. „The Meaning of UML Models“. The Australian National University. Computer Science Laboratory, Research School of Information Sciences and Engineering, 2010. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20100614.175427.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmer, Hoda. „Automatic transformation of UML software specification into LQN performance models using graph grammar techniques“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61015.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLiu, Yun. „UML 2.0 with VizzAnalyzer - Visualization of class diagrams“. Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1589.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbstract
The program analysis tool, VizzAnalyzer, works good for visualizing the program structure as graphs, but currently it does not allow for a UML conform visualization, which allows a effective communication among software engineers. In this thesis we describe the extension of the VizzAnalyzer to allow the visualization of software systems as UML class diagrams.
The Eclipse platform provides an open source platform for creating an extensible integrated development environment. We create a plug-in that can be seamlessly integrated in the Eclipse platform through the third party tools in Eclipse to visualize the graph in VizzAnalyzer as UML class diagrams. The third party tools that are used in this thesis are the Graphical Editing Framework (GEF) and Draw2D. They are mainly used to create the UML class diagram view.
In order to get a clear view on the diagram in the limited screen size, it is necessary to provide an appropriate layout for the diagram and drag and zoom actions on its figures. We provide the necessary means and document altogether in this thesis. We implement our solution as Eclipse plug-in and demonstrate feasibility.
Wang, Chao. „Grail to XMI and Back“. Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2298.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrail is an open source graph library, which is developed at the MSI of Växjö University, tools like the VizzAnalyzer and vizz3d use Grail for representing their internal structures.
In this thesis, an adapter serializing and deserializing Grail graphs to and from XMI is introduced. XMI is short for XML Metadata Interchange; it is developed by the Object Management Group (OMG).
af, Sandeberg Joakim. „Graphical system visualization and flow display : A visual representation of an authentication, authorization, and accounting backend“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAtt visualisera arkitekturen av ett mjukvarusystem är inte lätt. Visas all tillgänglig information så blir vyn för komplicerad medan ifall för lite visas så blir vyn onödig. Att samtidigt visa dynamiken som uppstår när systemet arbetar är ytterligare en utmaning. Detta examensprojektet beskriver hur utvecklingen av ett grafiskt verktyg, som både kan visa konfigurationen av ett avancerat autentisering-, tillåtelse- och bokförings-system (AAA) och meddelanden som skickas mellan noder i systemet.<p> Lösningen använder en kraftriktad graflayout tillsammans med adaptiva filter och vektorbaserad rendering för att visa en vy av systemets status. De adaptiva filtren börjar med att visa den information som oftast är mest relevant men kan ställas in av användaren. Nyttjandet av vektorbaserad grafik tillhandahåller obegränsade möjligheter för användaren att zooma in på delar av grafen för att visa mer detaljerad information. UML sekvensdiagram används för att visa medelandeflödet inuti systemet (både mellan noder och inuti noder). För att utvärdera resultatet av examensprojektet blev varje iteration av designen utvärderad vid möten med personalen på Aptilo Networks. Dessa möten gav återkoppling på vilken rikting projektet tog samt input med t. ex. id´eer på nya egenskaper att lägga till. Resultatet av detta examensarbete visar ett sätt att visa statusen för ett AAA system med många av systemets egenskaper visade samtidigt. Det kombinerar detta med en vy av flödet av meddelanden och applikationpolicies i nätverket via ett dynamiskt genererat UML sekvensdiagram. Resultatet av detta är att mänskliga operatörer kan se både systemets arkitektur och dynamiken i hur det fungerar i samma gränssnitt. Detta gränssnitt bör möjliggöra mer effektiv hantering av AAA systemet och underlätta lösningar på både problem i systemet och attacker mot systemet.
Ondrák, Lukáš. „Převod UML diagramů mezi Visual Paradigm a textovými formáty“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445491.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTurki, Skander. „Ingénierie système guidée par les modèles : Application du standard IEEE 15288, de l'architecture MDA et du langage SysML à la conception des systèmes mécatroniques“. Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00344722.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLucca, Luiz Carlos. „GGraph: Uma ferramenta para aplicações que envolvem grafos“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-14032013-145240/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThere are several applications that can be expressed by means of graphs [2]. Algorithms [3] and visualization models [15] can be widely found in the literature. All graph problems have a common base: create a generic model that arises not only from the nature of their elements, but also from the relationships which these elements can express, differing just by the type of response we want to get from this complex mesh. Moreover, it is natural for problems that are in different fields, but similar in internal processing, that the only change is related to how elements are visualized (nodes, edges, and so on). Likewise, regardless the internal processing, the graphs must keep their original structure, i.e., they must still be a mesh that describes the nodes and their connections. Based on that, this study proposes to develop an API that is generic enough to be extended to several problems in the graphs area. This API can be applied in both visual and mathematical representation of models and algorithms. Besides that, it must be robust to maintain the complexity of the algorithms involved in the graph. Also, it has to be flexible so that only some parts of the application can be changed to get a specific product to the user´s need
Srinivaasan, Gayathri. „Malicious Entity Categorization using Graph modelling“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202980.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIdag, skadliga program inte bara skriva skadlig programvara men också använda förvirring, polymorfism, packning och ändlösa sådana undan tekniker för att fly detektering av antivirusprodukter (AVP). Förutom individens beteende av skadlig kod, de relationer som finns mellan dem spelar en viktig roll för att förbättra detektering av skadlig kod. Detta arbete syftar till att ge skadliga analytiker på F-Secure Labs att utforska olika sådana relationer mellan skadliga URL: er och fil prover i Förutom deras individuella beteende och aktivitet. De aktuella detektionsmetoder på F-Secure Labs analysera okända webbadresser och fil prover oberoende utan med beaktande av de korrelationer som kan finnas mellan dem. Sådan traditionella klassificeringsmetoder fungerar bra men är inte effektiva på att identifiera komplexa flerstegs skadlig kod som döljer sin aktivitet. Interaktioner mellan malware kan innefatta någon typ av nätverksaktivitet, släppa, nedladdning, etc. Till exempel, en okänd loader som ansluter till en skadlig webbplats som i sin tur släpper en skadlig nyttolast, bör verkligen vara svartlistad. En sådan analys kan hjälpa till att blockera malware infektion vid källan och även förstå hela infektion kedja. Resultatet av denna proof-of-concept studien är ett system som upptäcker ny skadlig kod med hjälp av diagram modellering för att sluta deras förhållande till kända skadliga program som en del av de skadliga klassificerings tjänster på F-Secure.
Albin, Aaron. „Building an online UMLS knowledge discovery platform using graph indexing“. The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1398946883.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBertei, Alex. „Uma abordagem relacional para gramática de grafos Fuzzy“. Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2017. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3838.
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Com o passar dos dias os sistemas de software e hardware evoluem e ficam cada vez mais complexos e sofisticados. Como consequência especificar esses sistemas se torna uma tarefa difícil e trabalhosa. No sentido de assegurar certas propriedades de um sistema, este deve ser especificado por intermédio de uma linguagem que ofereça métodos de análise. Para realizar essas especificações temos diversas técnicas e metodologias, onde algumas técnicas que são disponíveis no mercado podem gerar resultados diferentes do que o especificado e esperado. Para realizar a correção deste problema, tem-se a necessidade de se utilizar métodos formais para gerar a especificação e verificação de sistemas. Sistemas que utilizam métodos formais são especificados formalmente através de um modelo matemático. Gramática de Grafos é uma linguagem formal bastante propícia para especificar sistemas complexos, é interessante o uso delas, pelo fato de possuírem inúmeras técnicas para a verificação e especificação de sistemas que são representadas nesta linguagem, além do que, elas possuem um layout gráfico, que as torna bastante intuitivas, por isso elas são uma linguagem de fácil entendimento. Gramática de Grafos Fuzzy são obtidas através da generalização das gramáticas de grafos, elas são constituídas por vértices e arestas com valores de pertinência associados, dentro do intervalo 0 e 1. Devido a inexistência de técnicas e ferramentas de análise para gramática de grafos fuzzy, o seu uso ainda é bastante restrito. Uma maneira de permitir a análise de sistemas especificados em gramática de grafos fuzzy é através da extensão das abordagens existentes para gramática de grafos, adicionando os conceitos de pertinência aos componentes dos grafos e para isso foi necessário definir gramáticas de grafos fuzzy tipados. Já existe uma abordagem relacional para gramática de grafos que permite o uso dos provadores de teoremas da ferramenta Rodin, utilizando a linguagem Event-B. Desta forma, a proposta deste trabalho é estender essa abordagem de gramática de grafos adicionando os conceitos fuzzy para permitir utilizar a mesma abordagem para analisar gramática de grafos fuzzy, surgindo assim um método de análise para esse tipo de gramática.
With the passing of days software and hardware systems evolve and become increasingly sophisticated and complex. As a consequence, specifying these systems becomes a difficult and laborious task. In order to ensure certain properties of a system, it must be specified through a language that offers methods of analysis. To realize these specifications we have several techniques and methodologies, where some techniques that are available in the market can generate different results than the specified and expected. To perform the correction of this problem, there is the need of using formal methods for generate the specification and verification systems. Systems that use formal methods are formally specified through a mathematical model. Grammar Graphs is a very suitable to specify complex systems formal language, is interesting to use them because they have innumerable techniques for the verification and specification of systems that are represented in this language, besides that, they have a graphical layout, which makes them very intuitive, so they are an easy-to-understand language. Fuzzy graph grammars are obtained through the generalization of graph grammars, they are constituted by vertices and edges with associated membership values within the interval 0 and 1. Due to the inexistence of techniques and analysis tools for fuzzy graph grammars, its use is still quite restricted. One way to allow the analysis of systems specified in fuzzy graphs grammars is the extension of existing approaches for graphs grammars, adding the concepts of pertinence to the components of graphs and for this it was necessary to define fuzzy graph grammars typed. There is already a relational approach to graph grammar that allows the use of the theorems of the Rodin tool using the language Event-B. In this way, the purpose of this work is to extend this approach of grammars of graphs by adding the fuzzy concepts to allow to use the same approach to analyze fuzzy graphs grammars, thus appearing a method of analysis for this type of grammar.
Joshi, Abhijit P. „Contextual decomposition of web resources applying semantic graph analysis to personal URL sets /“. Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJOSHI, ABHIJIT PURSHOTTAM. „CONTEXTUAL DECOMPOSITION OF WEB RESOURCES: APPLYING SEMANTIC GRAPH ANALYSIS TO PERSONAL URL SETS“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1070633035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNikjoo, Soukhtabandani Ali. „Partial shape matching using CCP map and weighted graph transformation matching“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30611/30611.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMatching and detecting similarity or dissimilarity between images is a fundamental problem in image processing. Different matching algorithms are used in literature to solve this fundamental problem. Despite their novelty, these algorithms are mostly inefficient and cannot perform properly in noisy situations. In this thesis, we solve most of the problems of previous methods by using a reliable algorithm for segmenting image contour map, called CCP Map, and a new matching method. In our algorithm, we use a local shape descriptor that is very fast, invariant to affine transform, and robust for dealing with non-rigid objects and occlusion. After finding the best match for the contours, we need to verify if they are correctly matched. For this matter, we use the Weighted Graph Transformation Matching (WGTM) approach, which is capable of removing outliers based on their adjacency and geometrical relationships. WGTM works properly for both rigid and non-rigid objects and is robust to high order distortions. For evaluating our method, the ETHZ dataset including five diverse classes of objects (bottles, swans, mugs, giraffes, apple-logos) is used. Finally, our method is compared to several famous methods proposed by other researchers in the literature. While our method shows a comparable result to other benchmarks in terms of recall and the precision of boundary localization, it significantly improves the average precision for all of the categories in the ETHZ dataset.
Silva, J?nior Odilon Magno da. „Colora??o em grafos: uma experi?ncia no ensino m?dio“. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1864.
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The main objective of this work is to describe an experience with problems related to graph coloring with a group of 2nd year high school students. The survey worked with students from a private school located in the city of Volta Redonda, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. This research had the participation of 51 students aged 15 to 17 years, among boys and girls, who wanted to voluntarily participate in the extracurricular classes offered. The idea of this work is to use the fact that the basic concepts of coloring in Graph Theory are easily accessible to students, they are powerful optimization tools used by large companies and are applicable to students' everyday problems, three precious characteristics for a Professor to attract the attention of the class. In this regard, we held 8 meetings with students. At first, there was a Motivational pre-test based on Gontijo?s test in order to evaluate various aspects of the relationship of students with mathematics. In the second meeting, a Content Pre-test with everyday students' problems commonly solved by graphs' techniques, but that can also be solved without them. Over the next four meetings, classes were held in order to teach some basic techniques of graphs and discuss with students what they did on the test. After those four classes, the next meeting was used for the students to take a Content Post-test with similar problems, but with the intention of observing how the students would apply the techniques they learned. On the last meeting, the students took a Motivational Post-test, so that they could give their opinion on the activities. All data were studied, analyzed and compared in the final chapters
Este trabalho tem por principal objetivo descrever uma experi?ncia com problemas relacionados a colora??o em Grafos com um grupo de alunos do 2? ano do Ensino M?dio. A pesquisa realizada trabalhou com alunos de uma escola da rede particular, localizada no munic?pio de Volta Redonda, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Esta pesquisa contou com a participa??o de 51 alunos na faixa et?ria de 15 a 17 anos, entre meninos e meninas, que quiseram voluntariamente participar das aulas extracurriculares oferecidas. A ideia do trabalho ? utilizar o fato de que conceitos b?sicos de colora??o em Teoria de Grafos s?o de f?cil acesso aos alunos, s?o poderosas ferramentas de Otimiza??o usadas por grandes empresas e s?o aplic?veis a problemas do cotidiano dos alunos, tr?s caracter?sticas preciosas para que um professor atraia a aten??o da classe. Neste sentido foram realizados 8 encontros com os alunos. No primeiro, foi realizado um Pr?-teste Motivacional, baseado no teste de Gontijo, com o intuito de avaliar v?rios aspectos relativos ? rela??o dos alunos com a Matem?tica. No segundo, um Pr?-teste de Conte?do, com problemas que fazem parte do dia-a-dia dos alunos e comumente resolvidos com t?cnicas de Grafos, mas que tamb?m podem ser resolvidos sem elas. Nos quatro encontros seguintes, foram realizadas aulas com o objetivo de ensinar algumas t?cnicas b?sicas de Grafos e comentar com os alunos o que eles fizeram no teste. Depois das aulas, no pen?ltimo encontro foi realizado um P?s-teste de Conte?do, com quest?es similares ao primeiro, mas com o intuito de observar os alunos aplicando as t?cnicas aprendidas. No ?ltimo encontro foi realizado um P?s-teste Motivacional, para que os alunos dessem suas opini?es sobre as atividades. Todos os dados foram estudados, analisados e comparados nos cap?tulos finais.
Pretz, Eduardo. „Uma metodologia de modelagem de sistemas computacionais baseada em gramáticas de grafos“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70704.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSeveral specification methods try to realize system modeling following three visions: the functional vision, which is based on representing the information exchange among the several components of the system; the data vision, which represents the relations among the static data structures of the system; and the dynamic vision, which presents the transformations the system may endure over the time. Some models exist that try to integrate more than one of these visions, but, in general, they suffer from deficiencies when trying to represent more than one aspect of the system at the same time, in which case the use of other methods is necessary. This work presents a novel method of systems specification that attempts to integrate data modeling with functional and dynamic modelings using, for this, Graph Grammars as its formal specification method. A graph, being made of nodes, edges and labels, is appropriate for creating, easily, an abstraction layer in which the user (usually responsible for the system analysis) manipulates a specification method which is known to him, but now with a well defined formal semantics. We hope, by applying this method, to generate provable, unambiguous models which promote an increase in the quality of the generated system.
You, Di. „Attributed Multi-Relational Attention Network for Fact-checking URL Recommendation“. Digital WPI, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1321.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMansard, Alexandre. „Automates infinis et traces de Mazurkiewicz“. Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. https://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/20_22_A_Mansard.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe introduce the notion of level-regularity for Mazurkiewicz trace languages and we consider recognizable trace rewriting systems with level-regular contexts (RTLsystem). We prove that an automaton for which the underlying graph is the rewriting graph of a RTL system and for which the sets of initial vertices and final vertices are level-regular (RTL automaton), is word-automatic. In particular, the first-order theory of a RTL automaton is decidable. Then, we prove that, enriched with thereachability relation, an automaton for which the underlying graph is the concurrent unfolding of a finite concurrent graph, and for which the sets of initial vertices and final vertices are level-regular, is RTL. In particular, the first-order theory with the reachability predicate of such an automaton is decidable. Besides, it is known that this property also holds for ground term rewriting graphs (GTR graph). We highlight various concurrent unfoldings of finite concurrent graphs that are not GTRgraphs. The infinite quarter grid tree is such an unfolding. The class of concurrent unfoldings of finite concurrent graphs is therefore a class of word-automatic graphs for which the first-order theory with the reachability predicate is decidable and that contains some non GTR graphs. We define the operations of level-length synchronization and level-length superposition of trace automata (automata for which vertices are Mazurkiewicz traces) and we prove that if a family F of trace automata is closed under these operations, then for any deterministic trace automaton H 2 F, the languages accepted by the deterministic trace automata belonging to F and that are length-reducible to H, form a Boolean algebra; the length of a trace being the length of its Foata normal form, a trace automaton G is length-reducible to a trace automaton H if there exists a length-preserving morphism from G to H. Then, we show that the family of trace suffix automata with level regular contexts, the extension of word suffix automata to Mazurkiewicz traces, satisfies these closure properties. We define a generalized Petri net as a trace suffix automaton over a dependence alphabet for which the dependence is reduced to the equality and we show that the subfamily of generalized Petri nets also satisfies the closure properties above. In particular, this yields various Boolean algebras of word languages accepted by deterministic generalized Petri nets
Silva, Itamar Pífano. „Modelagem e identificação de uma máquina de extrusão através de bond-graphs“. Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2005. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=249.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDias, Delane Pereira de Oliveira. „Uma ferramenta para a visualização de ESTs“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-08052007-100008/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExpressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) are samples of gene stretches, which play the role of templates in synthesis of proteins. Since the amount of collected ESTs on the past few years is enormous, the use of computers has become essential to fields like gene and protein identification, and gene homology. This work proposes a methodology and a tool for visualization of ESTs as a graph for aiding biologists on exploration and on knowledge discovery about these sequences. The methodology includes clustering of ESTs using an assembly program and, consequently, the transformation of the groups in nodes of a graph. BLAST algorithm is used to search alignments among sequences, later representing them as edges between the most similar sequences. For the graph visualization, we adapted TGWikiBrowser software connected to a database. The result is a robust and open source interactive tool forWindows and Linux. It allows easy graph exploration, with various functionalities, for example: graph expansion and filtering, searching for label or sequence stretches, and detailed visualization of sequences and groups of sequences. Therefore, we hope biologists can count on one more option in genetics research
Medrado, Ramon Gomes. „Formalização de uma linguagem visual para descrição de sistemas biológicos“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/27661.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBiological pathways represent interactions between complex chemical entities (proteins, substrates, metabolites, etc.) that occur at the molecular level of cells. The representation and comprehension of biological pathways behavior is the main target of research in the field of Systems Biology. This area investigates the construction of mathematical models that can simulate in silico (computationally) the behavior of biological systems checked in vivo (experimentally). From a computational view point it is clear that such systems are too complex to analyze and describe in an intuitiveway. Models with predictive value are needed, describing the behaviors that are experimentally verifiable. There are some graphical notations to describe biological pathways. Among them, process diagrams have been widely used. A process diagram is essentially a graph in which vertices and edges represent biological components, and there is a graphical notation associated with each element. In this master thesis we give a formal foundation for biological process diagrams, by defining their (concrete and abstract) syntax and semantics using a formalism called graph grammars. We first build a graph called BioProc Graph, describing the meta-model of process diagrams. Instances of this BioProc graph are concrete process diagrams modeling biological pathways. To describe the semantics we proposed a translation of BioProc diagrams to generalized stochastic Petri networks (GSPNs) already widely used in modeling biological processes. The use of graph grammar formalism as a basis for translation enables the syntatic verification to check the valid types that can be defined for each reaction after the simulation of Petri net and before that to explore structural and stochastic properties of the model. In addition it serves as the basis for model evolution proposed. This is relevant because models are often built incrementally to adapt to new requirements and/or include new features.
Chauveau, Emmanuel. „Management des risques dans les projets et les processus logiciel“. Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13143.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleALVES, Victor Leite. „Caminhos em Grafos: uma experi?ncia no Ensino M?dio“. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2005.
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The aim of this work is to describe an experience using problems on paths in Graphs with students of the first year of high school from two schools through a case study. There were 48 students from two schools, one located in Resende and another in Quatis, in Rio de Janeiro. The Basic Theory of Graphs initially has simple and intuitive concepts which may be used as powerful tools for solving various kinds of optimization problems. Many of the problems are present in the universe of students, such as the way Google Maps draws the shortest path between the starting point and destination, the procedure that can be used for a GPS to calculate a route, the path that optimizes the work a postman who has to go through several streets (without repetition) and return to the headquarters of the post office, among others. Bring real problems into the classroom is a challenge to the teacher, and solve them with simple techniques in the classroom is an even greater challenge, and this work attempts to perform a little experiment in which this dual task is conducted with some simple techniques from Graphs applied to the students everyday problems. Four basic 50-minute classes are held on Graphs and are taught some of their techniques. But before the classes, two tests are performed: a motivational test (based on Gontijo test) that assesses how students study and enjoy mathematics, and a test involving problems from the universe of the students that could be solved with graphs techniques, but also with what students already know from high school. After the classes, a new motivational test evaluates how much they enjoyed the activities with graphs and a new content test is performed, now being permitted to use the graphs techniques. Finally a survey was made on the results obtained by observing the improvement obtained by the students involved in the process and which had more difficulty, thus completing the experience.
O objetivo deste trabalho ? descrever uma experi?ncia utilizando problemas relacionados a caminhos em Grafos com alunos do primeiro ano do ensino m?dio de duas escolas da rede estadual de ensino atrav?s de um estudo de caso. Foram 48 alunos de duas escolas da rede estadual de ensino, uma situada no munic?pio de Resende e outra no munic?pio de Quatis, no Rio de Janeiro. A Teoria B?sica de Grafos possui inicialmente conceitos simples e intuitivos, mas que podem ser utilizados como poderosas ferramentas para a resolu??o de diversos tipos de problemas de otimiza??o. Muitos dos problemas est?o presentes no universo dos alunos, como a maneira como o Google Maps tra?a o menor caminho entre o ponto de partida e o destino, o procedimento que pode ser usado por um GPS para calcular uma rota, o caminho que otimiza o trabalho de um carteiro que tem que percorrer v?rias ruas (sem repeti??o) e voltar ? sede dos correios, entre outros. Uma vez que trazer problemas reais para dentro da sala de aula ? um desafio ao professor, e resolv?-los com t?cnicas simples na sala de aula ? um desafio ainda maior, o presente trabalho tenta realizar uma pequena experi?ncia em que esta dupla tarefa ? conduzida com algumas t?cnicas simples de Grafos aplicadas a problemas do cotidiano dos alunos. S?o realizadas 4 aulas b?sicas de 50 minutos sobre Grafos e s?o ensinadas algumas de suas t?cnicas. Mas antes das aulas, dois testes s?o realizados: um teste motivacional (baseado no teste de Gontijo) que avalia o quanto os alunos estudam e gostam de Matem?tica, e um teste envolvendo problemas do universo dos alunos que poderiam ser resolvidos com t?cnicas de Grafos, mas tamb?m com o que os alunos j? sabem do ensino m?dio. Ap?s as aulas, um novo teste motivacional avalia o quanto eles gostaram das atividades realizadas com Grafos e um novo teste de conte?do ? realizado, j? sendo permitida a utiliza??o das t?cnicas de Grafos. Finalmente foi feito um levantamento sobre os resultados obtidos, observando a melhora obtida pelos alunos envolvidos durante o processo e onde tiveram mais dificuldade, concluindo assim a experi?ncia.
Marcoux, Héli. „Jeux de poursuite policier-voleur sur un graphe - Le cas du voleur rapide“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30386/30386.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGraph searching problems can be expressed as a game where a group of searchers is trying to capture a group of fugitives on a graph. When players move alternately in such a game, we are then referring to games of Cops and Robbers. Nowakowski and Winkler [28], and independently Quilliot [45], introduced the very first version of cops and robbers games in which a single cop tries to capture a single robber, both players moving alternately from their current positions to neighboring vertices. They notably proposed a very nice characterization of graphs that are winning for the cop, which is based on a particular dismantling scheme of the graph’s vertices; a dismantling scheme consisting in removing one by one each vertex of the graph by following a given rule. This dismantling-like characterization is furthermore interesting since it directly yields a divide-and-conquer algorithm that is polynomial, to solve the cop and robber problem. In this master thesis, we propose a new version of cops and robbers games in which the robber is able to move arbitrarily fast in the graph and in which the cop has a watching area that limits the robber’s moving capabilities. We characterize the cop-winning graphs for this new game by using some dismantling scheme similar to the one given by Nowakowski and Winkler [28], Quilliot [45], but that better fits our new game’s conditions. To obtain this dismantling-like characterization, we particularly need to generalize the definition of a classical graph to an undergrounded graph, whose vertices are split in a set of light vertices and a set of dark vertices. We also give an algorithm that provides a monotonous cop-winning strategy by making sure the cop is securing more and more vertices at each turn.
Araujo, Marcus Vinicius. „Gráficos estatísticos: uma postura crítica“. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3849.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo instigar nos leitores que tenham acesso a ele,um olhar mais crítico e questionador em relação aos gráficos estatísticos que surgem diariamente na mídia, e também servir como material de apoio em uma aula de Estatística, esclarecendo aos discentes a importância da compreensão de tal conteúdo para um pleno exercer da cidadania. Para atingir a tais fins, o mesmo foi dividido em duas partes. A primeira, um referencial teórico, traz uma revisão sobre os conceitos iniciais da Estatística, mais especificamente sobre as estruturas necessárias para compreensão e construção de gráficos. A segunda, um estudo de cinco casos (cinco gráficos estatísticos divulgados pela mídia) e as respectivas análises sobre cada um deles, pretende assim levar o leitor a uma postura mais amadurecida e cautelosa perante os mesmos.
This study aims to entice in readers who have access to it, a look more critical and questioning in relation to the statistical graphs that appear daily in the media, and also serveassupportmaterialinaStatisticsclass,explainingtostudentstheimportanceofsuch content understanding to a full exercise of citizenship. To achieve such purposes, it was divided into two parts. The first, a theoretical referential, provides a review of the initial concepts of Statistics, more specifically on the structures necessary for understanding and building graphics. The second one, a study of five cases (five statistical charts released by the media) and the analysis of each of them, plans to take the reader to become aware of such material to a more mature and cautious stance towards them.
Luong, Hong-Viet. „Construction Incrémentale de Spécifications de Systèmes Critiques intégrant des Procédures de Vérification“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00527631.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalta, Gláucia Helena Sarmento. „Grafos no ensino médio: uma inserção possível“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14829.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe main goal of this thesis is to present a proposal for the insertion of Graph Theory in High School. In order to do that, we present some principIes of Graph Theory and review some important writings about Problem Solving methodology. We will give a suggested practice done with two groups in the second year of High School, in a private school of Porto Alegre in 2006. Graph Theory has some aspects that deserve space in the curriculum of the Basic School. We will show a selection of possible activities to be implemented within a methodological perspective of Problem Solving. The choice for this methodological perspective in Mathematics Education is related to a practice in Mathematics Teaching that we believe contributes for a development of a more autonomous and creative person. A person that is and able to learn how to learn.
Souza, Vera Helena Giusti de. „O uso de vários registros na resolução de inequações: uma abordagem funcional gráfica“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11294.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUnsatisfied with the algebraic resolutions to one unknown inequations presented by most of our sophomore students we decided to research ways of contributing to the teaching of inequations algebraic resolutions by means of a graphic functional approach. While interviewing some Mathematics teachers we realized they did not know such approach. We decided to discuss it in two groups, one composed by public school Mathematics teachers and other by sophomore Mathematics students, by means of activities, which were developed on the basis of Semiotic Representation Registers Theory. Using three different representation systems we aimed our research to answer one basic question: Concerning one unknown equations and/or inequations can a approach based on registers conversions and treatments start a global discussion about their resolution? We have developed a quality research in three steps, all of them inspired on Didactic Engineering: preliminary analysis; conceiving, designing, a priori analysing, applying and observing a didactic sequence; and validating. In order to validate the results we used Efraim Fischbein s arguments that Mathematics learning is only achieved when one knows how, and are able to interact concepts formal, algorithmic and intuitive aspects. Our analysis showed a complete absence of formal aspects in all the subjects and an almost coercive presence, sometimes hidden, of intuitive numerical aspects. Therefore, even though most subjects have managed to do registers conversions to graphically solve the proposed inequations, none of them were able to relate graphic and algebraic resolutions. They also did not transfer new knowledege to their algebraic resolutions
Insatisfeitos com os resultados apresentados na resolução algébrica de inequações com uma incógnita real, pela maioria de nossos alunos do Ensino Superior, decidimos investigar se poderíamos contribuir para o ensino e a aprendizagem da resolução algébrica de inequações com uma incógnita real, por meio de uma abordagem funcional gráfica. Em conversa com alguns professores de Matemática, percebemos que não conheciam tal abordagem. Escolhemos, então, discuti-la com dois grupos, um de professores de Matemática da rede pública estadual e um de alunos de primeiro ano de licenciatura em Matemática, por meio de uma seqüência de atividades, concebidas à luz da Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica. Utilizamos três sistemas de representação e orientamos nossa pesquisa para responder, essencialmente, a seguinte questão Uma abordagem envolvendo o tratamento e a conversão de registros, no caso da resolução de equações e/ou inequações com uma incógnita real, pode desencadear a discussão global sobre esta resolução? . Optamos por uma pesquisa qualitativa, que foi desenvolvida em três etapas, todas inspiradas pela Engenharia Didática, quais sejam análises preliminares; concepção, elaboração, análise didática, aplicação e observação de uma seqüência de atividades; análise de protocolos. Para a análise de protocolos, apoiamo-nos nos argumentos de Efraim Fischbein (1993) de que, para haver aprendizagem, em Matemática, é preciso dominar e interrelacionar aspectos formais, algorítmicos e intuitivos do assunto em estudo. Nossa análise mostrou a ausência de aspectos formais lógicos em todos os protocolos dos dois grupos pesquisados e a presença quase coerciva, às vezes mascarada, de aspectos intuitivos numéricos. Em razão disto, embora a maioria destes sujeitos tenha conseguido fazer as conversões necessárias para resolver graficamente as inequações propostas, nenhum deles fez as conexões matemáticas entre a resolução funcional gráfica e a algébrica. Também não transferiram os novos conhecimentos para a resolução algébrica
Pereira, Lilian Lima. „Linhas, pontos e costuras de uma colcha de retalhos: narrativas docentes do cotidiano na escola Grapi?na“. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/74.
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La presente pesquisa aprehende, a partir de las narraciones de los profesores y profesoras, las implicaciones de los Ciclos de Formaci?n Humana en la construcci?n y reconstrucci?n de las pr?cticas de ense?anza en el cotidiano de la escuela de la Red Municipal de Itabuna, entre los a?os 2002 a 2012. Tambi?n fueran analizados los significados asignados por profesoras y profesores a sus pr?cticas pedag?gicas y buscando entender c?mo la influencia de estos ciclos en relaci?n con la organizaci?n del trabajo educativo en la Escuela Grapi?na, nombre dado a la propuesta de estos ciclos. Por lo tanto, mi m?todo de investigaci?n elegido fue la pesquisa (auto) biogr?fica, con ?nfasis en las narrativas de las trayectorias de formaci?n y actuaci?n profesional de los docentes que trabajan en estos ciclos en la Escuela Grapi?na. Utilic? como dispositivos de colecci?n de datos las entrevistas narrativas y como procedimiento para comprender el an?lisis interpretativo-comprensivo, amparado por cuatro temas, a saber: Trayectorias de formaci?n y entrada en la carrera; Trabajo docente en los Ciclos de Formaci?n Humana - inserci?n en la escuela en Ciclos; Propuesta Pol?tico-Pedag?gica y el cotidiano y las pr?cticas pedag?gicas en Escuela Grapi?na. Para contribuir a este entendimiento, realic? un an?lisis de la Propuesta Pol?tico- Pedag?gico de la Escuela Grapi?na intercalando con las narrativas de los participantes en este estudio, que revel? debilidades relacionadas, principalmente, la concepci?n del formato operacional de las pr?cticas pedag?gicas coherentes con estos ciclos. Las narrativas de los profesores y profesoras, corpus de an?lisis de la investigaci?n, evidenciaron subjetividades docentes en el/ del /sobre cotidiano de la escuela, que revelaron, por un lado, las preocupaciones y desacuerdos sobre los fundamentos epistemol?gicos de los Ciclos, confundidos con la estructura deficiente que ocurre en el trabajo docente, por otro, que las pr?cticas pedag?gicas constituyen en la experiencia docente, mediando las relaciones educativas en el contexto escolar. Por otra parte, fue evidenciado que las pr?cticas pedag?gicas en Ciclos de Formaci?n Humana en la Escuela Grapi?na constituir?n y realizar?n en funci?n de la concepci?n de educaci?n de cada profesor e de cada profesora, cuanto al que conciben sobre educaci?n, postulando a quien sirve o a que se propone.
A presente pesquisa objetivou apreender, a partir das narrativas de professores e professoras, as implica??es dos Ciclos de Forma??o Humana na constru??o e ressignifica??o das pr?ticas pedag?gicas no cotidiano escolar da Rede Municipal de Itabuna, entre os anos de 2002 a 2012. Tamb?m analisou os significados atribu?dos pelos professores e professoras ?s suas pr?ticas pedag?gicas e buscou compreender como vivenciam a influ?ncia destes Ciclos em rela??o ? organiza??o do trabalho pedag?gico na Escola Grapi?na, nome atribu?do ? proposta desses Ciclos. Desse modo, a minha op??o metodol?gica foi pela pesquisa (auto) biogr?fica, com ?nfase nas narrativas das trajet?rias de forma??o e atua??o profissional de professores e professoras que atuam nesses Ciclos, no ?mbito da Escola Grapi?na. Utilizei como dispositivos para a recolha dos dados as entrevistas narrativas e como procedimento para compreend?-las a an?lise interpretativo-compreensiva, balizada em quatro eixos tem?ticos, a saber: Trajet?rias de forma??o e entrada na carreira; Trabalho docente nos Ciclos de Forma??o Humana - inser??o na escola em Ciclos; a Proposta Pol?tico-Pedag?gica, Cotidiano e Pr?ticas Pedag?gicas na Escola Grapi?na. Para contribuir com tal compreens?o, realizei uma an?lise da Proposta Pol?tico-Pedag?gica da Escola Grapi?na intercalando com as narrativas dos colaboradores deste estudo, que revelou fragilidades referentes, principalmente, ? concep??o dos docentes no que concerne a operacionaliza??o de pr?ticas pedag?gicas condizentes com esses Ciclos. As narrativas dos professores e professoras insurgiram como corpus de an?lise da pesquisa e evidenciaram subjetividades docentes no/do/sobre o cotidiano escolar, que revelaram, por um lado, inquieta??es e discord?ncias quanto aos fundamentos epistemol?gicos dos Ciclos, confundidos com a estrutura deficit?ria em que ocorre o trabalho docente, por outro, que as pr?ticas pedag?gicas se constituem na experi?ncia docente, mediando as rela??es educativas no contexto escolar. Al?m disso, foi evidenciado que as pr?ticas pedag?gicas nos Ciclos de Forma??o Humana, na Escola Grapi?na se constitu?ram e efetivaram em fun??o da concep??o de educa??o de cada professor e de cada professora, quanto ao que concebem sobre educa??o, a quem serve ou a que se prop?e.
Silva, Nelson Antonio. „Sobre G-aplicações entre esferas em cohomologia e uma representação do Grafo de Reeb como subcomplexo de uma variedade“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55135/tde-03012017-104140/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuedes, Victor Emanuel Pinto. „Uma abordagem para o ensino de teoria dos grafos no ensino médio“. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2014. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/770.
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Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem para a Teoria dos Grafos a ser aplicada no Ensino Médio. O objetivo é que, a partir dessa teoria, o aluno desenvolva a capacidade de elaborar métodos de resolução de problemas e de observar que problemas de Matemática Discreta não concernem somente problemas de contagem, como são usualmente abordados no Ensino Médio. Nesse trabalho, introduziremos conceitos da Teoria dos Grafos, grafos Eulerianos e Semieulerianos, buscando expor para um professor, uma abordagem possível da teoria, através dos conceitos, exemplos e problemas que devem ser exibidos para os alunos. Acreditamos que tal teoria deva ser apresentada no Ensino Médio devido a seu caráter investigativo, e por exigir do aluno uma capacidade interpretativa para buscar técnicas de resolução do problema.
This work presents an approach to Graph Theory to be applied in High School. The goal is that, from this theory, the student develops the ability to elaborate methods of solving problem and observe that discrete mathematics problems do not concern only counting problems, as they are usually approached in High School. In this paper, we introduce concepts of graph theory, Eulerian and Semieulerianos graphs, seeking to expose to a teacher, a possible approach to this theory, through the concepts, examples and problems that should be displayed to the students. We believe such a theory should be presented in High School due to its investigative character, and it requires the student an interpretative ability to pursue techniques to solve problems.
Lima, Daniel Mário de. „Análise visual de dados relacionais: uma abordagem interativa suportada por teoria dos grafos“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-05052014-155415/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRelational databases are rigid-structured data sources characterized by complex relationships among a set of relations (tables). Making sense of such relationships is a challenging problem because users must consider multiple relations, understand their ensemble of integrity constraints, interpret dozens of attributes, and draw complex SQL queries for each desired data exploration. In this scenario, we introduce a twofold methodology; we use a hierarchical graph representation to efficiently model the database relationships and, on top of it, we designed a visualization technique for rapidly relational exploration. Our results demonstrate that the exploration of databases is deeply simplified as the user is able to visually browse the data with little or no knowledge about its structure, dismissing the need of complex SQL queries. We believe our findings will bring a novel paradigm in what concerns relational data comprehension.
Moura, Larissa. „Agrupamento espectral através de grafos Laplacianos e uma aplicação no cultivo da soja“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152828.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O objetivo desta dissertação é apresentar uma versão detalhada do artigo: “A Tutorial on Spectral Clustering” de U. von Luxburg sobre agrupamentos através de grafos Laplacianos, suas propriedades e mostrar alguns resultados da teoria de agrupamentos. Além disso, serão apresentados três algoritmos de agrupamentos e ilustraremos um deles com uma aplicação no cultivo da soja em diferentes condições de cultivo.
The main goal of this dissertation is to present a detailed version of the paper: “ A Tutorial on Spectral Clustering” of U. von Luxburg on clusters, through Laplacian graphs, their properties and to show some results of the cluster theory. In addition, it will be presented three clustering algorithms and we will illustrate one of them with an application in the soybean cultivation, under different conditions.
Nass, Daniel Perdigão. „Gráficos como representações visuais relevantes no processo ensino-aprendizagem: uma análise de livros didáticos de Química do Ensino Médio“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-11092008-151037/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe use of visual representations constitutes a main aspect of the practice in science learning. Various researchers agree that such form of representation has an essential pedagogical role in science teaching-learning process. Thus it is remarkable that so little investigation on the use and role of these representations in Chemistry teaching has been conducted. In face of this situation, this study concerns a kind of visual representation, the Cartesian graph, available in Brazilian high school Chemistry textbooks. This work investigated the prevalence, the function, the structure, and the relation of the graphs with the context in which they are inserted. Some of the categories of the graph classification are original and were defined in agreement with the Social Semiotics theoretical approach, a semiotic field that works not only with signs intrinsically, but also with their interrelation with social, political and cultural interactions. The knowledge of science education and science as social practice were also considered. Some graphs of the subjects that made use of this type of non-verbal representation more frequently were analyzed qualitatively. The findings show that the majority of the graphs present structural deficiencies and that their relation with the main text is not sufficiently established; thus these graphs tend not to be adequately interpreted by the students.
Ferreira, Verônica Craveiro de Santana. „De grafos a emparelhamentos : uma possibilidade viável de encantar-se com a matemática“. Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6510.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis aims to show that the theory of graphs, especially matching, can be studied in high school and gradually as the implementation of this theory in the classroom can foster in students interest in mathematics. Thus, this paper aims to demystify the idea that mathematics content ends with high school approaching students the theories recently developed in academy. The graph theory is considered an e cient tool to solve problems in various areas. There are numerous situations that can be modeled by that enable develop a range of skills, so it becomes so appealing to anyone who comes into contact with it. For the development of this thesis began our study addressing basic concepts of graph theory useful for understanding this work then present some problems that can be worked in high school and nalized with a speci c topic of this theory, matchings, with many applications that can be modeled as contextualized and practical problems of everyday life.
A presente disserta ção tem como objetivo mostrar que a teoria de grafos, sobretudo emparelhamentos, pode ser abordada no ensino m édio de forma gradativa. E como a implementa ção desta teoria em sala de aula pode despertar nos estudantes o interesse pela matem atica. Dessa forma, este trabalho pretende desmitifi car a ideia de que a matem atica se encerra com o conte udo do ensino m édio aproximando os estudantes das teorias desenvolvidas recentemente na academia. A teoria dos grafos é considerada uma ferramenta e ficiente para resolver problemas em diferentes áreas. São in úmeras situa ções que podem ser modeladas por grafos que possibilitam desenvolver uma s érie de habilidades, por isso ela se torna tao atraente para quem entra em contato com a mesma. Para o desenvolvimento desta disserta ção, iniciamos nosso estudo abordando conceitos b ásicos da teoria de grafos úteis a compreensão deste trabalho, em seguida apresentamos alguns problemas que podem ser trabalhados no ensino m édio e a nalisamos com um t ópico específi co desta teoria, emparelhamentos, com muitas aplica coes que podem ser contextualizadas e modeladas como problemas pr áticos do nosso cotidiano.
Ivo, Rafael Fernandes. „Uma Nova EstratÃgia para Renderizar Descontinuidades e SuperfÃcies Intersectantes em Modelos Baseados em Splats“. Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6351.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleModelos baseados em splats tÃm ganhado crescente atenÃÃo devido a seu potencial para renderizaÃÃes de modelos geomÃtricos complexos de forma eficiente e com alta qualidade. A ausÃncia de informaÃÃes de conectividade desses modelos permite operaÃÃes de modelagem complexas, como operaÃÃes booleanas, e fraturas em simulaÃÃes fÃsicas. Entretanto, essas operaÃÃes geralmente geram modelos com arestas e cantos que nÃo podem ser representados corretamente com um nÃmero finito de splats sem que um tratamento seja feito. Neste trabalho, um grafo de vizinhanÃa utiliza uma estimativa que garante a conexÃo de todos os splats presentes em lados opostos de uma descontinuidade e que precisam ser recortados uns contra os outros. ApÃs utilizar um mÃtodo de detecÃÃo de descontinuidades no grafo gerado, os vizinhos que participam do recorte de um splat, os clip partners, sÃo determinados e classificados para que recortem o splat de forma a adaptÃ-lo à curva da descontinuidade. Outro problema encontrado na renderizaÃÃo de modelos baseados em splats à reconstruÃÃo de superfÃcies intersectantes. Nas proximidades de interseÃÃes de superfÃcies, as superfÃcies sÃo misturadas, resultando em artefatos. Para tratar esses casos, um algoritmo de segmentaÃÃo realiza a separaÃÃo das diversas superfÃcies presentes no modelo, identificando os splats que as formam e impedindo que eles sejam combinados em Ãreas prÃximas de interseÃÃes de superfÃcies na etapa de reconstruÃÃo da superfÃcie em espaÃo de imagem
Splats based models have gained increasing attention due to its potential for rendering complex geometric models efficiently and with high quality. The absence connectivity information of these models allows complex modeling operations, as Boolean operations, and fractures in physics simulations. However, these operations often generate models with edges and corners that can not be represented correctly with a finite number of splats without a treatment to be done. In this work, a neighborhood graph uses an estimate which ensures the connection of all these splats on opposite sides a discontinuity and that need to be clipped against each other. After using a method for detecting discontinuities in the generated graph, the neighbors participating in the a splat clipping, clip partners are determined to cut out and sorted splat so as to adapt it to the curve of discontinuity. Another problem encountered in rendering models based on reconstruction of splats is intersecting surfaces. Close intersections of surfaces, the surfaces are mixed, resulting in artifacts. to treat these cases, a segmentation algorithm performs separation of the various surfaces present in the model, identifying the splats that form and hold them to be combined into areas near the intersections of surfaces in the surface reconstruction phase space image
Lohr, Christophe. „Contribution à la conception de systèmes temps-réel s'appuyant sur la technique de description formelle RT-Lotos“. Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005228.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVianna, Andréa Carla Gonçalves. „Problemas de Corte e Empacotamento: Uma abordagem em Grafo E/OU“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-12042016-153927/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe cutting problem consists of cutting larger objects in order to produce smaller pieces, in such a way as to optimizing a given objective function, for example, minimizing the waste. The packing problem can also be seen as a cutting problem, where the position that each smaller piece is arranged inside of the objects can be seen as the place it was cut from. An AND/OR-graph approach to solve cutting and packing problems was initially proposed by Morabito (1989) for two-dimensional cutting problem and, later, extended to threedimensional problems (Morabito, 1992). That approach uses a hybrid search, which combines depth-first search under depth bound and hill-climbing strategy. Heuristics were devised based on upper and lower bounds. Computational experiences demonstrated its practical feasibility. The AND/OR-graph approach was later generalized by Arenales (1993) based on simple hypothesis. He showed that different cutting problems Gould be solved using the AND/ORgraph approach, independently of the dimension and shapes. The main objective of this thesis is the practical extension of the AND/OR-graph approach to handle other cases not considered by previous works. It was considered different cutting processes, as well as the analysis of computational implementation, showing how can it be adapted to many classes of practical cutting and packing problems.
Mauri, Rone. „Uma abordagem da Teoria de Grafos no Ensino Médio“. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6471.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This work shows a proposal to approach Graph Theory, which is rarely taught at public high schools, and looks for working the theme through the resolution of problems, providing opportunities to the pupil for effective participation on the building of arguments and challenging them to search for solutions, instigating the curiosity and requiring from them an attitude that lead to take decisions, favoring the emergence of creative answers and developing abilities concerning to those proposed on the Common Basic Curriculum of the state public high school. This proposal is described in two chapters, being the first one to introduce the theme on the second grade of high school, and the second one, to retake concepts already seen on the first one and introduce new concepts to the students of the third grade of high school. Both chapters are composed of problems, to introduce concepts and results as much to apply them, bringing their solutions and, in some cases, commentaries to the teachers
Este trabalho traz uma proposta para abordar a Teoria de Grafos, conteúdo que raramente é lecionado no ensino médio em escolas públicas, e objetiva trabalhar o tema através de resolução de problemas, oportunizando aos educandos a participação efetiva na construção de argumentos e desafiando-os a buscarem soluções, instigando a curiosidade e exigindo deles uma postura que os leva a tomarem decisões, favorecendo o surgimento de respostas criativas e desenvolvendo habilidades concernentes àquelas propostas no Currículo Básico Comum da rede estadual de ensino. Esta proposta traz dois capítulos, sendo o primeiro para introduzir o tema na 2ª série do ensino médio, e o segundo, para retomar conceitos já vistos no primeiro e introduzir novos conceitos aos alunos da 3ª série do ensino médio. Os dois capítulos são constituídos de problemas, tanto para introduzir conceitos e resultados quanto para aplicá-los, trazendo suas soluções e, em alguns casos, comentários dirigidos aos professores
Souza, Alinne Cristinne Corrêa. „Uma contribuição à automatização da atividade de teste para sistemas de realidade virtual“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-27092017-090602/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSoftware testing is considered an important activity towards fault revealing. Despite this advantage, it has been few explored within the scope of Virtual Reality (VR) applications. Among the existing gaps, the definition and automation of software testing criteria for this domain were identified, since these systems have their own characteristics that require definition or adaptation of testing techniques, making applications in this domain constitute highly complex systems. Therefore, a Virtual Reality-Requirements Specification and Testing (VR-ReST) approach is presented to perform the functional test of VR applications using Scene Graph (SG) concepts and a support tool called Virtual Requirements Specification And Testing (ViReST), which allows you to automate them. The approach is composed of three modules: (i) the first consists in specifying the requirements by means of a model called Virtual Requirements Specification (ViReS); (ii) the second involves mapping the requirements through a semi-formal language called Behavior Language Requirement Specification (BeLaRS) to ensure a standardized specification; and (iii) the third is the automatic generation of test requirements and test data. A case study was conducted to evaluate the compliance and usability of BeLaRS in assisting the requirements specification of an RV application. Also, an experiment was also carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the VR-ReST approach using the ViReST tool. Using mutation testing in this latter experiment, the VR-ResT approach achieved a mean mutation score of 15.49% higher than the random testing. Therefore, the results showed that the approach, as well as tooling support, can assist the designer during the requirement specification activity and the tester in generating the tests for RV applications.
Faxina, Maria Lúcia Beltrami. „Uma sequência didática sobre porcentagem e tratamento da informação utilizando problemas das OBMEP“. Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8432.
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Não recebi financiamento
This work presents a didactic sequence, in thirteen activity pages, with problems on percentage and information processing of the Brazilian Mathematics Olympiad of Public Schools (OBMEP), idealized for different learning from the traditional exposition of theory followed by examples and exercises. The work was developed with the 8th grade classes of a municipal school in the city of Campinas in the year 2015. The activities were designed with the objective of giving the students autonomy to solve problems in everyday situations in the various areas of knowledge, always rescuing contents to make the connection between the new and the old knowledge. In application dynamics, we tried to diversify the presentation of content through play activities. The evaluation was carried out in multiple moments’ ant we consider that the presented results can contribute significantly to the improvement of basic education especially in the ways of approaching new contents in the teaching of Mathematics.
Este trabalho apresenta uma sequência didática, em treze folhas de atividades, com problemas sobre porcentagem e tratamento da informação da Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática das Escolas Públicas (OBMEP), idealizada para uma aprendizagem diferente da tradicional exposição da teoria seguida de exemplos e exercícios. O trabalho foi desenvolvido com as turmas do 8º ano de uma escola municipal da cidade de Campinas no ano de 2015. As atividades foram elaboradas com objetivo de dar autonomia ao aluno para resolver problemas em situações cotidianas nas diversas áreas do conhecimento, sempre resgatando conteúdos para fazer a conexão entre o novo e o velho conhecimento. Na dinâmica de aplicação procuramos diversificar as formas de apresentação do conteúdo através de atividades lúdicas. A avaliação foi realizada em múltiplos momentos e consideramos que os resultados apresentados podem contribuir de forma significativa para a melhoria e o aprimoramento educação básica, especialmente nas formas de abordagem de novos conteúdos no ensino da Matemática.
Lima, Marcelo Machado de. „Uma proposta de análise dos gráficos das funções seno, cosseno e tangente usando o software geogebra“. Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7525.
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This work aims, with the help of GeoGebra Software, make an analysis of the Function f(x)=a + b sin(cx + d) (and also the Functions f(x)=a + b cos(cx + d) and f(x)=a + b tan(cx + d)) where we show the student what happens to the graph of the Function (And through of the graph analyze the changes in the domain, image and period, and also analyze the parity of these Functions) When we vary, separately, the values of a, b, c and d. In the end we hope that the student can do the analysis of a complete Function f(x) = a + b sin(cx + d) (and also the Functions f(x) = a + b cos(cx + d) and f(x) = a + b tan(cx + d)).
Este trabalho visa, com a ajuda do Software GeoGebra, fazer uma análise da Função f(x)=a + b sen(cx + d) (e também das Funções f(x)=a + b cos(cx + d) e f(x)=a + b tg(cx + d) ) onde mostramos ao aluno o que acontece com o gráfico da Função (e através do gráfico analisar as mudanças no domínio, imagem e período, e também analisar a paridade destas Funções) quando variamos, separadamente, os valores de a, b, c e d. No final esperamos que o aluno consiga fazer a análise de uma Função completa f(x)=a + b sen(cx + d) (e também das Funções f(x)=a + b cos(cx + d) e f(x)=a + b tg(cx + d)).
Silva, Patricia Andrade da. „Mapas e redes conceituais: uma proposta metodológica para a sua construção a partir de textos“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/81/81132/tde-20092016-105920/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe drafting of essays by students in response to essay questions in the school context seems to be the most conventional way to assess the students` knowledge. The essay produced by a student seeks to approximately reflect his/her knowledge structure about a certain domain. The reading and the analysis of essays are tasks that require a considerable time in a teacher\'s or researcher\'s routine and, when the interest on knowing the most important ideas about a certain topic is verified in a group of students, the task is even harder. The main objective of this research is to develop a methodology that uses computational tools in order to transform written essays in graphic structures such as concept maps and networks graphs. This methodology could be useful not only for teaching research purposes but also for teaching practice, since the final product of its application may lead to inferences about the knowledge structure of a group of students. The investigation developed herein was based on data collected from two distinct matters of undergraduate IQ-USP. That data refer to written essays of 42 students in response to an essay question provided of some pre-established concepts. From the students\' responses, tests were performed: (i) with two softwares for text analysis with a view of quantifying the relationships between concepts, (ii) to investigate the influence on the quantification of relationships between concepts, from the original text and from the propositions extracted from this original text and (iii) to obtain different types of graphic structures. From the tests that were done, it was possible to conclude that Hamlet® consists in a more efficient and convenient program than ALA-Reader® to the objectives of this research. Furthermore, the array generated by Hamlet® program to quantify the relationships between concepts depends essentially on the structure of the essay - either the original text or the modified text. The three types of graphic structures that were built present different focuses, however, these graphic structures may be considered complementaries. The (V+P) network graphs can be thought as interesting representations that focuses on pre-established concepts that were provided on the essay questions. Network graphs from cutting percentage can be thought as representations that are more useful for investigations interested in making a cut or in highlighting the most relevant aspects of a subject by the students. The concept maps constructed in this paper can be thought as extremely valuable representations to know the approximate knowledge structure of the students groups, since they make clear the nature of the propositional relationships between concepts. The construction of concept maps starting from the original texts and also from the modified texts proved that both graphic structures obtained are very close to each other, being highly similar. This similarity suggests that the use of the Hamlet® program to obtain arrays that quantify relationship between concepts found in an original text is more effective in comparison to manual and time-consuming process of extracting propositions from the original text to obtain an array.
Junior, José Fernando Rodrigues. „Design espacial-perceptivo: uma nova compreensão para representações visuais interativas“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-04122007-114239/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis presents a theoretical framework to assist the study and the design of interactive data visualization techniques. Traditionally, visualization techniques have been designed based on analysts? experience. Many works, though, have sought to develop a coherent comprehension space to explain how visualizations are composed and to allow the prediction of new approaches for visualization techniques. However, precursor proposals present inadequacies and have not been able neither to furnish new systematizations nor to explain late techniques found in literature. In an initial step, this thesis reviews concepts on visualization, perception and cognition aiming at explaining how visual data analyses work. The revision of these works is synthesized in a process of visual expressivity that interrelates pre-attentive stimuli, analytical visual perception and cognitive interpretation. Then, after an extensive revision of related works, the discussion proceeds by structuring a plan for theorizing the constitution of methods for data visual representation. This plan furnishes the development of an initial systematization in the form of a taxonomy that characterizes the pre-attentive constituents of visualizations. This characterization considers visual analytical perceptions, which are part of the processes of visual expressivity. Like so, in a perceptions oriented approach, visualization techniques are classified according to a limited set of common characteristics and to data spatialization processes. The next step in the discussion proceeds to the construction of a space with dimensions position, shape and color. The proposed space is named Spatial/Perceptual Design Space, it considers the possibility of multiple cycles of data spatialization and also interaction techniques. Based on the design space just introduced, this thesis presents a model for the definition of parameters for visualization design. This model, which is a first result of the application of the presented concepts, foresees a tool for the definition, automatic presentation and empirical evaluation of visual data representations. The work is finished with the description of two complete systems for the visualization of graphs and multivariate data. Hence, in the last part of the text, systems GMine and VisTree are formally presented and analyzed as study cases under the light of the theory introduced in the thesis
Nogueira, Josà Ivan Mota. „Uma estimativa interior do gradiente para a equaÃÃo da curvatura mÃdia em variedades riemannianas“. Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8636.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeduzimos uma estimativa interior do gradiente para a equaÃÃo da curvatura mÃdia para grÃficos de Killing em variedades riemanianas inspirado na tÃcnica de pertubaÃÃes normais devido a N. Korevaar.
We deduce an interior gradient estimate for the mean curvature equation for Killing graphs in Riemannian manifolds inspired by the normal perturbation technique due to N. Korevaar.
Pezeta, Jefferson Ricart. „Resolução de problemas em contextos de ensino de Matemática: uma abordagem por meio da Teoria dos Grafos“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10976.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleProblem solving has been the subject of studies and research in order to define strategies to facilitate actions in its resolution. The graph theory is presented as a strategy that enables the modeling and solving problems, especially those that address issues related to economic paths, coloring, counting, among others, in the context of mathematics, providing a means for the student to structure and model the thinking and actions of resolution. This study is an investigation into the use of graphs as a theoretical basis in solving problems, students performed with the second and third year of high school Boni Consilii School, located in the city of São Paulo, in the district Champs Elysées. The thoughts and observations of the students are brought along the text, favoring analyzes that took into account the students' difficulties in solving problems and possibilities of Graphs in formalization and modeling strategies. In conjunction with Graph Theory, authors like Polya and Brousseau had representative participation in theoretical workshops and strategies applied in the preparation of the sequences that were prepared
A resolução de problemas tem sido objeto de estudos e pesquisas no sentido de definir estratégias que facilitem ações na sua resolução. A Teoria dos Grafos se apresenta como uma estratégia que possibilita a modelagem e resolução de problemas, principalmente os que abordam questões relativas a percursos econômicos, coloração, contagem, entre outros, no âmbito da matemática, proporcionando meios para que o aluno estruture e modele o pensamento e as ações de resolução. Este estudo trata de uma investigação sobre o uso de Grafos como base teórica na resolução de problemas, realizada com alunos do segundo e terceiro ano do ensino médio da Escola Boni Consilii, localizada na cidade de São Paulo, no bairro Campos Elíseos. As reflexões e observações dos alunos são trazidas ao longo do texto, favorecendo análises que levaram em conta as dificuldades dos alunos na resolução de problemas e as possibilidades de Grafos nas formalizações e modelagens de estratégias. Em conjunto com Teoria dos Grafos, autores como Polya e Brousseau tiveram representativa participação no embasamento teórico das oficinas e das estratégias aplicadas na elaboração das sequências que foram elaboradas
Reis, Celmo Jose dos. „Simulação da dinâmica do Aedes Aegypti com Gnumeric: uma proposta interdisciplinar para o ensino de progressões e gráficos de funções“. Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6101.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Given the need for a better interaction between teachers and students in math classes, there is, currently, an increasing search for new educational tools that involve computational resources. This monograph proposes a teaching strategy that makes the study of mathematics more enjoyable and engaging, showing how math can be used in order to provide the high school student elements to understand the reason to study math and what connection it has with their daily lives. Starting from the observation that the teaching of mathematics in public schools has struggled for acceptance of the students because mathematics is presented mostly in a traditional way, i.e., it presents the student with a pile of ready-made formulas without practical sense for them. This makes it become exhausting and ineffective, leading the student even despise mathematics. Faced with these issues, we propose the use of the program Gnumeric as a tool in teaching Progressions, Functions and Graphics. Currently, interdisciplinarity has been present in education and, following this idea, we use along with the program the mathematical modeling of population dynamics, in particular the dynamics of the Aedes aegypti mosquito as a motivation to work with the proposed contents. It is further proposed to inform and alert students about diseases caused by the mosquito Aedes aegypti.
Tendo em vista a necessidade de uma melhor interação entre docentes e alunos em sala de aula na abordagem de conteúdos matemáticos, atualmente é grande a busca por novas ferramentas didáticas que envolvem recursos computacionais. Propõe-se com este trabalho, fornecer uma ferramenta didática de ensino que torne o estudo da matemática mais prazeroso e envolvente, que seja mais realístico e que forneça ao aluno do ensino médio condições de avaliação do porquê estudar matemática e qual a ligação destes conteúdos com seu dia a dia, partindo da observação de que o ensino da Matemática nas escolas públicas vem enfrentando dificuldades de aceitação e aprendizagem pelos alunos, pois os conteúdos matemáticos são apresentados quase sempre de forma tradicional, ou seja, apresenta-se ao aluno um amontoado de fórmulas prontas sem sentido prático para os mesmos. Dessa forma, o ensino se torna desgastante e ineficaz, levando o aluno a até mesmo, desprezar a Matemática. Frente a essas questões, esse trabalho propõe o uso do aplicativo Gnumeric como ferramenta de apoio no ensino de progressões, funções e construção de gráficos. Atualmente, a interdisciplinaridade tem estado presente na educação e, seguindo essa ideia, usa-se juntamente ao aplicativo a modelagem matemática da dinâmica de populações, em particular do Aedes aegypti como motivação para se trabalhar o conteúdo proposto. Propõe-se ainda, informar e alertar os alunos acerca de doenças causadas pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti.