Dissertationen zum Thema „Ubiquitine ligases“
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Lotte, Romain. „Caractérisation des interactions moléculaires entre la GTPase Rac1 et son régulateur HACE1 : perspectives en infectiologie et en cancérologie“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4087.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe small GTPase Rac1 plays a key role in various intracellular signaling pathways including cell proliferation. Our laboratory has shown that the CNF1 toxin, produced by pathogenic Escherichia coli, catalyzes the activation of Rac1. We also identified the role of the E3 ubiquitin-ligase HACE1, a tumor suppressor, in the regulation by ubiquitylation of active Rac1. If the activated form of Rac1 is proved to be a target of HACE1, the mode of interaction between these two proteins remains to be define as well as the role of these interactions in infection and cancer. The aim of my work was to characterize the molecular interactions between HACE1 and Rac1. We tested the hypothesis that HACE1 point mutations identified in cancers could interfere with its interaction with Rac1 and its ability to control cell growth. We showed that 13 cancer-associated somatic mutations of HACE1, led to a defective control of cell proliferation. Moreover, the study of these mutations allowed us to identify a group of amino acids, located on the ankyrin-repeats 5 to 7 of HACE1, which controls the interaction of HACE1 with Rac1 and thus its ubiquitylation. We also identified a role for the intermediate domain of HACE1 (MID) in conferring the specificity of association of HACE1 to the active form of Rac1. Ultimately, the characterization of interaction mutants between HACE1 and Rac1 as well as the effect of the CNF1 toxin on this signaling axis will give us more insight on this regulatory pathway in cancer and infection
Fressigne, Lucile, und Lucile Fressigne. „Caractérisation du rôle de deux interacteurs moléculaires du complexe de dégradation des microARN dans la régulation des courts ARN non codants chez le nématode C. elegans“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33960.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLes courts ARN non codants tels que les microARN, les piARN et les siARN sont de petites molécules d’ARN de 20 à 30 nucléotides de long qui sont très bien conservées au cours de l’évolution. Elles s’associent à des protéines Argonautes afin de former un complexe effecteur appelé RISC (RNA induced silencing complex). Ces courtes séquences, ne codant pour aucune protéine, agissent comme de puissants régulateurs de l’expression des gènes. De nombreuses évidences supportent qu’une dérégulation du niveau d’expression de ces courts ARN non codants contribue au développement et au maintien de nombreuses pathologies telles que le cancer. De ce fait, il est essentiel pour la cellule de contrôler la stabilité des courts ARN non codants. Le contrôle de la maturation et de la stabilité de ces courts ARN non codants sont des mécanismes peu connus. L’objectif principal de mon doctorat a donc été de mieux comprendre comment le niveau des courts ARN non codants est contrôlé. Afin d’étudier plus en détail comment le niveau des microARN est régulé, nous avons identifié la phosphatase PPM-2 (PP2Cα chez l’humain) et l’E3 ubiquitine ligase HECD-1 (HectD1 chez l’humain) comme étant de nouveaux interacteurs du complexe de dégradation des microARN. Nous avons utilisé des approches de génétique et de biologie moléculaire chez le nématode C. elegans, pour étudier le rôle de la perte de fonction de ppm-2 et d’hecd1 dans la voie des courts ARN non codants. Nos travaux ont montré que la perte de fonction de ppm-2 induit des défauts développementaux qui sont associés à des défauts de la voie des microARN. De plus, l’absence de ppm-2 exacerbe les phénotypes développementaux observés dans des animaux où la voie des microARN est altérée. De manière intéressante, chez le mutant ppm-2, nous avons constaté que d’autres voies de courts ARN non codants, telles que la voie des piARN et celle de l’endosiARN nucléaire, sont affectées. Du point de vue moléculaire, nous avons observé une déstabilisation du niveau d’expression de plusieurs protéines Argonautes dans le mutant ppm-2. En effet, ces dernières sont envoyées à la dégradation par la voie du protéasome seulement chez des animaux mutés pour ppm-2. Concernant l’étude de HECD1, nous avons remarqué que la perte de fonction de cette ubiquitine ligase entrainait une diminution de la progéniture et une létalité embryonnaire attribuable à des défauts dans la gamétogénèse. De plus, nous avons observé une accumulation de miARN fonctionnels chez des animaux mutés pour hecd-1. L’ubiquitine ligase HECD-1 pourrait être impliquée dans la transcription ou la dégradation des miARN. En conclusion, nos résultats suggèrent que PPM-2 permet de contrôler la stabilité des protéines Argonautes en les dirigeant dans une voie alternative de dégradation et que l’ubiquitine ligase HECD-1 pourrait être impliquée dans la régulation des miARN en modulant leur transcription ou leur dégradation. Mes travaux de doctorat nous ont permis de mettre en lumière un nouveau modulateur des courts ARN non codants, PPM-2, qui agit via le contrôle de la régulation des Argonautes. Les avancées de la recherche dans le domaine des courts ARN non codants pourra permettre le développement de nouvelles thérapies.
Small non-coding RNAs, like microRNAs, piRNAs or siRNAs, are small RNA molecules, 20 to 30 nucleotides long that are conserved during evolution. They form an induced silencing complex (RISC) in association with Argonaute proteins to regulate gene expression. Small non-coding RNAs are involved in the regulation of genes implicated in cell proliferation, differentiation and development. Many evidences support that deregulation of the expression level of those small non-coding RNAs contribute to the development of pathologies such as cancer. It is therefore essential for cells to control small non-coding RNA stability. The control of maturation and stability of those small molecules are poorly understood. The main objective of my doctorate was to better understand how the stability of small non-coding RNAs is controlled. In order to study in more detail how miRNAs are regulated, we identified two factors involved in miRNA turnover in C. elegans. We found that the phosphatase PPM-2 (PP2Cα in human) and the E3 ubiquitin ligase HECD-1 (HectD1 in human) are new components of the miRNA degradation complex. Using the power of the nematode C. elegans and molecular biology, we characterized the role of the loss of function of PPM-2 and HECD-1 in small non-coding RNA pathways. Loss of this phosphatase induces developmental defects which are associated with a defect in the miRNA pathway. Genetically, the phosphatase mutant exacerbates the phenotypes that are observed in animals where the miRNA pathway is affected. Interestingly, we further observed that the loss of the phosphatase affects other small non-coding RNA pathways like the piRNA and the siRNA pathways. At the molecular level, we observed a decrease in the expression level of many Argonaute proteins in phosphatase mutant animals. Upon blocking proteasomal degradation with MG132, we noticed that Argonaute proteins are sent to proteasomal degradation in phosphatase mutant animals. Concerning HECD-1, we noticed that the loss of function of the E3 ubiquitin ligase leads to the decrease of progeny and embryonic lethality due to defects in gametogenesis. Moreover, we observed an accumulation of functional miRNAs. This protein can be implicated in transcription or turnover of miRNAs. VIIn conclusion, our data suggest that PPM-2 controls the stability of Argonaute proteins by sending them through an alternative degradation pathway and that HECD-1 could be implicated in miRNA regulation by modulating their transcription or degradation. My doctoral work helped to highlight a new modulator of small non-coding RNAs, PPM-2, which acts through the regulation of Argonaute protein. A better understanding of the mechanisms controlling the stability and the function of these strong regulators will be useful to develop new therapies.
Small non-coding RNAs, like microRNAs, piRNAs or siRNAs, are small RNA molecules, 20 to 30 nucleotides long that are conserved during evolution. They form an induced silencing complex (RISC) in association with Argonaute proteins to regulate gene expression. Small non-coding RNAs are involved in the regulation of genes implicated in cell proliferation, differentiation and development. Many evidences support that deregulation of the expression level of those small non-coding RNAs contribute to the development of pathologies such as cancer. It is therefore essential for cells to control small non-coding RNA stability. The control of maturation and stability of those small molecules are poorly understood. The main objective of my doctorate was to better understand how the stability of small non-coding RNAs is controlled. In order to study in more detail how miRNAs are regulated, we identified two factors involved in miRNA turnover in C. elegans. We found that the phosphatase PPM-2 (PP2Cα in human) and the E3 ubiquitin ligase HECD-1 (HectD1 in human) are new components of the miRNA degradation complex. Using the power of the nematode C. elegans and molecular biology, we characterized the role of the loss of function of PPM-2 and HECD-1 in small non-coding RNA pathways. Loss of this phosphatase induces developmental defects which are associated with a defect in the miRNA pathway. Genetically, the phosphatase mutant exacerbates the phenotypes that are observed in animals where the miRNA pathway is affected. Interestingly, we further observed that the loss of the phosphatase affects other small non-coding RNA pathways like the piRNA and the siRNA pathways. At the molecular level, we observed a decrease in the expression level of many Argonaute proteins in phosphatase mutant animals. Upon blocking proteasomal degradation with MG132, we noticed that Argonaute proteins are sent to proteasomal degradation in phosphatase mutant animals. Concerning HECD-1, we noticed that the loss of function of the E3 ubiquitin ligase leads to the decrease of progeny and embryonic lethality due to defects in gametogenesis. Moreover, we observed an accumulation of functional miRNAs. This protein can be implicated in transcription or turnover of miRNAs. VIIn conclusion, our data suggest that PPM-2 controls the stability of Argonaute proteins by sending them through an alternative degradation pathway and that HECD-1 could be implicated in miRNA regulation by modulating their transcription or degradation. My doctoral work helped to highlight a new modulator of small non-coding RNAs, PPM-2, which acts through the regulation of Argonaute protein. A better understanding of the mechanisms controlling the stability and the function of these strong regulators will be useful to develop new therapies.
Perron, Tiphaine. „Caractérisation d'un nouveau mécanisme de régulation de la E3 ubiquitine ligase WWP1 impliquée dans la tumorigenèse“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS250.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUbiquitination plays a crutial role in cellular homeostasis by regulating the function and/or the degradation of proteins. E3 ubiquitin ligases are key component of the ubiquitination reaction by transferring the ubiquitin molecule on the substrate. Among E3 ubiquitin ligases, WWP1 is frequently amplified in numerous cancers, such as breast cancers, and associated with poor prognosis. Consistent with these observations, WWP1 stimulates cell proliferation and survival and inhibits apoptosis. My thesis works led to identify the protein CYYR1, which as to date no know cellular function, as a novel regulator for the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1. We show that CYYR1 interacts with WWP1 in a PY/WW-dependent manner at late endosomes and that this interaction leads to induce the K63-linked auto-polyubiquitination of WWP1 resulting to its lysosomal degradation. Furthermore, we observe that the UIM-containing protein ANKRD13A binds CYYR1 and the polyubiquitinated form of WWP1 and is implicated in CYYR1-mediated WWP1 degradation. Moreover, we show that CYYR1 limits breast cancer anchorage-dependent an independent cell growth via its PY motifs. Finally, we highlight that CYYR1 expression is decreased in breast cancer and is associated with beneficial clinical outcome. Taken together, my thesis works describe a novel mechanism of regulation for the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1 implicated in tumorigenesis
Basu, Shrivastava Meenakshi. „Régulation de la stabilité de NFATc3 par SUMO et les E3 ubiquitine-ligases Trim39 et Trim17“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTT043.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNFAT (Nuclear factor of activated T cells) transcription factors play important physiological roles in the development and function of many organs, notably in the immune system and nervous system. As a consequence, their dysregulation has been implicated in various human diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and auto-immune diseases. The regulation of NFAT activity by calcium-dependent nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling has been extensively studied. In contrast, the regulation of NFAT protein level by the ubiquitin-proteasome system is still poorly understood. However, NFATs are short-lived proteins and regulation of their stability is critical for controlling their activity.In a previous study, my group has shown that the E3 ubiquitin-ligase Trim17 binds NFATc3 but does not promote its ubiquitination and rather stabilizes it. Preliminary results suggested that Trim39, a partner of Trim17, might be an E3 ubiquitin-ligase for NFATc3 and that SUMOylation of NFATc3 might modulate its stability. Therefore, the goal of my PhD was to understand the mechanisms through which Trim39, Trim17, and SUMO regulate the stability of NFATc3.During my PhD, I have characterized Trim39 as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase of NFATc3. Indeed, my results indicate that overexpression of Trim39, but not its inactive mutant, induces the ubiquitination of NFATc3 in cells. In contrast, silencing of endogenous Trim39 decreases the ubiquitination level of NFATc3. Recombinant Trim39 directly induces the ubiquitination of NFATc3 in vitro. Moreover, overexpression of Trim39 decreases the protein levels of NFATc3 whereas the silencing of Trim39 increases it. I have also shown that Trim17, which can bind Trim39, inhibits Trim39-mediated ubiquitination of NFATc3, both in cells and in vitro. Trim17 acts by both reducing the intrinsic E3 ubiquitin-ligase activity of Trim39 and by preventing the interaction between NFATc3 and Trim39. Furthermore, I found that a SUMOylation-deficient mutant of NFATc3 is less ubiquitinated and more stable than the wild type NFATc3, suggesting that SUMOylation of NFATc3 is important for its ubiquitination and degradation. Importantly, I identified one SUMO interacting motif (SIM) in the sequence of Trim39 through which Trim39 binds SUMO2 polymers via one of these SIMs. Mutation of this SIM in Trim39 or SUMOylation consensus sites in NFATc3 decreased the interaction between Trim39 and NFATc3, and the ubiquitination of NFATc3 mediated by Trim39. These results strongly suggest that Trim39 binds and ubiquitinates preferentially the SUMOylated forms of NFATc3 and therefore acts as a SUMO-targeted E3 ubiquitin-ligase (STUbL) for NFATc3. Finally, we have measured the impact of these mechanisms on the physiological function of NFATc3. I first found that Trim39 decreases the transcriptional activity of NFATc3. Furthermore, using primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons as a model, we have shown that the mutation of the SUMOylation sites of NFATc3 and silencing of endogenous Trim39 enhances neuronal apoptosis, probably by stabilizing the NFATc3 protein. Taken together, these data indicate that Trim39 modulates neuronal apoptosis by acting as a STUbL for NFATc3 and by controlling its stability
Nassar, Joelle. „Caractérisation de la fonction de OBI1, une E3 ubiquitine ligase, dans la réplication de l'ADN“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT039.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCell division is one of the most complex processes a cell undergoes. For this to happen properly, the genetic material stored in a cell must be faithfully copied or replicated. During this process, DNA replication is initiated at pre-defined sites in the genome, called "origins of replication". The activation of these origins is highly regulated, as a dysfunction in origin activity is linked to several human pathologies. Several proteins have been found at replication origins, but none of them explain how to be activated origins are recognized and selected. Our research group aims to understand how DNA replication origins are regulated in metazoan cells, to this aim, a proteomic approach was performed to define the interactome of human replication origins. Our goal was to identify new factors that could be involved in replication origin regulation. Using this methodology, a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase, named OBI1 (for ORC-ubiquitin-ligase-1), was identified prior to my arrival in the laboratory. OBI1 binds the origin recognition complex (ORC complex) and my project aimed at further characterizing the role of this new protein in DNA replication. Our experimental strategy used two different model systems: an in-vivo model based on human cells in culture, and an in-vitro DNA replication system derived from Xenopus eggs.Our analyses in human cells revealed that OBI1 was a crucial gene involved in cellular proliferation, this observation was later attributed to OBI1’s role in DNA replication and more specifically, to replication origin activation. Indeed, OBI1 knockdown resulted in a deficient origin firing and a decrease in the chromatin recruitment of factors involved in origin firing. A further functional analysis showed that OBI1 multiubiquitylates two subunits of the ORC complex, ORC3 and ORC5. This ubiquitylation was directly linked to OBI1’s role in origin firing, after the over-expression of non-ubiquitylable ORC3/5 mutants yielded similar results to OBI1’s knock down. Altogether, our results demonstrated that OBI1 encoded for a protein essential for origin activation, and allowed us to propose its main role: by multiubiquitylating a subset of the ORC complex, OBI1 could select the replication origins to be activated amongst all the potential replication origins set in G1 phase of the cell cycle. After this set of experiments, now published, we wanted to address the mechanistic impact of the multiubiquitylation of ORC on origin activation. Our preliminary experiments suggest a role of the histone acetyl-transferase (HAT) GCN5/KAT2A in the “OBI1 pathway”In the second part of my project, we used the in vitro DNA replication system, based on Xenopus laevis egg extracts, to study the role of OBI1 and ubiquitylation in origin activation. Our in-vitro analyses confirmed the conservation of OBI1 in Xenopus Laevis and its recruitment to the chromatin during DNA replication. We showed that de novo ubiquitylation takes place on chromatin during origin activation. Moreover, using E1 inhibitors, we found that active ubiquitylation is important for efficient origin firing. Interestingly, our loss of function experiments suggested that OBI1’s impact on origin activation could defer in early development when compared to somatic-like conditions.Taken together, the discovery of this new replication initiation factor provided key information on the role of ubiquitylation in general and OBI1 in particular on origin activation and selection. Such selection could participate as well in the regulation of the timing of DNA replication
Depaux, Arnaud. „Régulation des complexes d'ubiquitinylation et de sumoylation par la ligase E3 hSIAH2“. Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077094.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter synthesis, proteins are targeted to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, phosphorylation or ubiquitination. These mechanisms regulate their function, stability, localization or interaction with partners. Modification process by ubiquitin or sumo named ubiquitination or sumoylation respectively involve complexes with similar organization but compose of different enzymes. Their organization relies on Sumo or ubiquitin activating El enzyme, transferring E2-ligase and E3-ligase or sub-complex conferring the substrate specific récognition. El-ligase is unique for each complex, whereas E2 and E3-ligases are multiple. Among E3-ligase families, RING Finger protein family only has been involved in both modifications complexes. Two human homologs of Drosophila Seven In Absentia (hSIAHl et hSIAH2), belong to RING Finger E3-ligase family. In a yeast two hybrid assay, we have identified new SIAH interacting proteins. Their characterization has been the purpose of my PhD project. We have characterized partners implicated in both ubiquitination (ubiquitin, Ubc5 or hSIAH) and sumoylation (Sumo, Ubc9 and PIAS) pathways. In a first attempt, I have demonstrated that hSIAH proteins can form homo- or hetero-dimers. Dimerization régulates their stability via a proteasome dependent degradation. I have also demonstrated that hSIAH2 catalyzes the proteasome dependent degradation of PIAS1, a sumo E3-ligase. Altogether this study evidences an important rôle for hSIAH2 in the regulation of the stability of ubiquitination and sumolation complexes
Lotte, Romain. „Caractérisation des interactions moléculaires entre la GTPase Rac1 et son régulateur HACE1 : perspectives en infectiologie et en cancérologie“. Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4087/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe small GTPase Rac1 plays a key role in various intracellular signaling pathways including cell proliferation. Our laboratory has shown that the CNF1 toxin, produced by pathogenic Escherichia coli, catalyzes the activation of Rac1. We also identified the role of the E3 ubiquitin-ligase HACE1, a tumor suppressor, in the regulation by ubiquitylation of active Rac1. If the activated form of Rac1 is proved to be a target of HACE1, the mode of interaction between these two proteins remains to be define as well as the role of these interactions in infection and cancer. The aim of my work was to characterize the molecular interactions between HACE1 and Rac1. We tested the hypothesis that HACE1 point mutations identified in cancers could interfere with its interaction with Rac1 and its ability to control cell growth. We showed that 13 cancer-associated somatic mutations of HACE1, led to a defective control of cell proliferation. Moreover, the study of these mutations allowed us to identify a group of amino acids, located on the ankyrin-repeats 5 to 7 of HACE1, which controls the interaction of HACE1 with Rac1 and thus its ubiquitylation. We also identified a role for the intermediate domain of HACE1 (MID) in conferring the specificity of association of HACE1 to the active form of Rac1. Ultimately, the characterization of interaction mutants between HACE1 and Rac1 as well as the effect of the CNF1 toxin on this signaling axis will give us more insight on this regulatory pathway in cancer and infection
El, Hachem Najla. „Rôle pro-tumorigénique de HACE1 dans le mélanome“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMelanoma incidence has considerably increased over the last thirty years, with a doubling every ten years. Melanoma accounts for only 5% of cutaneous cancers but causes more than 80% of deaths, which is a major public health problem. Indeed, this tumor is extremely aggressive and has a high metastatic potential. After the onset of metastases, the prognosis becomes highly unfavorable. Despite major therapeutic advances, many patients are still refractory to these new treatments. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the development of this tumor and the identification of new therapies remain a major issue. The sequencing of exomes led to the identification of a mutation in the RAC1 gene (P29S) constituting one of the most frequent somatic mutations in melanoma (after the BRAFV600, NRASQ61 and NF1 mutations). RAC1 is a small GTPase that is involved in several key cellular processes. Under physiological conditions, the activity of RAC1 is mainly controlled by GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) and Nucleotide Exchange (GEF) exchange factors. GAPs and GEFs control the level of RAC1- GTP and thus regulate its activity. The activity of RAC1 is also dependent on its protein level of expression which is controlled by E3 ubiquitin ligases, including HACE1. HACE1 is considered a tumor suppressor. Unexpectedly, our data clearly show that HACE1 promotes migratory and tumorigenic properties of melanoma cells. Indeed, inhibition of HACE1 alters migration of melanoma cells in vitro, as well as in vivo pulmonary colonization in mice. Transcriptomic analysis of 4 melanoma cell lines demonstrated that HACE1 suppression inhibits ITGAV and ITGB1 expression
Delance, Cécile. „Analyse des mécanismes assurant la robustesse d’un événement de transdifférenciation : rôle de l’ubiquitine ligase E3 SEL-10“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDifferentiated cells can change their cellular fate induced or naturally. In order to understand the mechanisms controlling reprogramming processes, our laboratory is studying the natural change in identity (or transdifferentiation, Td) of a rectal epithelial cell (named Y) and motor neuron (named PDA) in Caenorhabditis elegans.Preliminary work has shown that there is a synergy between histone modifications (jmjd-3.1 and wdr-5.1) and ubiquitination (sel-10). SEL-10 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with a Fbox domain and WD40 repeat domain.In this study, we highlight: i) the Fbox domain involvement in the Td, indications about the intracellular localization of SEL-10 and an unexpected role of the proteasome within TD. ii) a role of SEL-10 in the robustness of the Td. iii) sel-10, jmjd-3.1 and wdr-5.1 act on gene transcription in transdifferentiation. This one was tested by smFISH and allowed the characterization of the cog-1 transdifferentiation marker expression pattern during redifferentiation
Burande, Clara. „Identification des substracts d'ASB2alpha, la sous-unité de spécificité d'une E3 ubiquitine ligase impliquée dans la différenciation hématopoïétique“. Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1639/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe ubiquitin-proteasome system is a central mechanism for controlled proteolysis that regulates numerous cellular processes in eukaryotes. E3 ubiquitin ligases are responsible for the specificity of this system. They provide platforms for binding specific substrates thereby coordinating their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. We have developed a global proteomic strategy to identified E3 ubiquitin ligase substrates targeted to proteasomal degradation. The proof of principle of this strategy is provided by our results highlighting FLNa and FLNb as substrates of the ASB2alpha E3 ubiquitin ligase that is involved in hematopoiesis. Furthermore, we have shown that FLNc, the third member of the filamin family, is also a target of ASB2alpha. This study provides a new strategy for the identification of E3 ubiquitin ligase substrates that have to be degraded in physiologically relevant settings. We have also demonstrated that ASB2alpha, through degradation of FLNs, can regulate integrin-dependent cell motility. Moreover, structural and cell biology studies have unraveled the domain of ASB2α that is involved in the recruitment of its substrate, FLNa. This study has provided an original strategy to identify E3 ubiquitin ligase substrates targeted to degradation. Furthermore, our work has contributed to the understanding of the function and mechanisms of action of ASB2α in hematopoietic cells
Auguste, Tiphanie. „Implication de ROQUIN dans la physiopathologie du lymphome T angio-immunoblastique“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST0076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleImplication of ROQUIN in the physiopathology of angio-immunoblastic T cell lymphoma. AITL is a peripheral T cell lymphoma, poorly studied compared to B cell lymphomas due to its rarity. In France, AITL is the PTCL the most frequently encountered. Despite a variable clinical course, AITL is an aggressive tumor with an overall survival lower than 3 years. One of our goal is to better understand the physiopathology of this lymphoma and identify oncogenic events that lead to its development. In this project, our study was focused on ROQUIN gene that encodes a RING E3 ubiquitin ligase and whose mutation induces an AITL-like syndrom in sanroque mice.Although we did not detect any mutation in ROQUIN coding sequence, we identified a novel alternative transcript referred as ROQUIN ØE17. It encodes a protein that, like wild type protein, localizes to stress granules and P bodies and interacts with mRNAs and microRNAs. However, only ROQUIN ØE17 inhibits the expression of the costimulatory molecule ICOS. This transcript, whose expression varies between T cell populations, is hardly expressed in AITL. Consequently, the loss of ROQUIN ØE17 could be involved in the genesis and/or development of this lymphoma
Meszka, Igor. „Chemical biology approaches within the NEDD8 pathway“. Thesis, Université de Montpellier (2022-….), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMONT015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUnderstanding how organisms respond to environmental stress has critical implications both on quality of life and treatment of diseases. Organisms have developed a series of sophisticated processes to detect and repair such damages. A family of small proteins called the family of Ubiquitin molecules (Ubls), play a critical role in many aspects of the stress response. Defects in components of the Ubiquitin family are often found in pathologic conditions including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding how the ubiquitin family is involved in the cellular stress response is an important step in the understanding of this process and can lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to treat diseases caused by malfunction of this system.One of the Ubls that has the highest identity and similarity to Ubiquitin is NEDD8. NEDD8 works in a similar manner to Ub, using a distinct conjugation machinery. NEDD8 modification is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of the cell as it plays a major role in the regulation of viability, growth, and development. Because of that, many components of NEDD8 have been found deregulated in many cancers. NEDD8 can modify a wide range of substrate proteins, including itself, which results in the creation of polyNEDD8 chains. Recently the presence of polyNEDD8 chains has been linked to the regulation of cell death – apoptosis and parthanatos. Moreover, it has been recently reported that NEDD8 during proteotoxic stress can be employed by the Ub conjugation machinery. This results in the creation of hybrid NEDD8 chains where except for NEDD8, we can also find Ub and SUMO, as recent papers have shown that NEDD8 has the ability to modify Ub and SUMO-2. The presence of the hybrid NEDD8 chains was linked with the creation of nuclear aggregates formed during proteotoxic stress, which can play a potential protective role during stress exposure.Knowing how important the regulation of proteins through NEDDylation is, we were also aware of the lack of knowledge about the machinery that plays a role in the creation and deconjugation of different NEDD8 entities. So far two deNEDDylating enzymes were reported but no enzyme was tested for its ability to recognise and process the hybrid NEDD8 chains. Moreover, our knowledge about E3 ligases that are responsible for substrate NEDDylation, even though expanding, is still very limited. Additionally, NEDD8 having ten lysines through which it can modify itself, can generate a very broad range of signals through polyNEDD8 and hybrid NEDD8 chain formation, which can be recognised similarly to polyUb chains, yet no studies have focused on determining their interactors so far.In this work, we focused on exploring the beforementioned unknown elements of the NEDD8 conjugation and deconjugation machineries. Using chemical biology approaches we tested a variety of enzymes and determined that polyNEDD8 chains are exclusively processed by the NEDP1 enzyme, however, deconjugation of hybrid NEDD8 chains requires the coordinated action of different deconjugating enzymes with distinct specificity for Ub or SUMO. We also employed chemically synthesized NEDD8-NEDD8 and NEDD8-Ub dimers in order to look for their interactors and used the gathered data to deepen our knowledge about the biology of hybrid NEDD8 chains in nuclear aggregates. Using NEDD8-Dha probes we identified a group of proteins that are potentially involved in the NEDDylation machinery. Through biological confirmation of obtained results we have shown that tRNA ligases – GARS and SARS are working as NEDD8 E3 ligases. Moreover, RNF20 is also working as a NEDD8 E3 ligase responsible for NEDDylation of histone H2B but also PARP1 – one of the proteins that are key players in the formation of SG
Bellanger, Sophie. „LaProtéine E2 du papillomavirus humain de type 18 : interconnexions avec les ubiquitine-ligases du cycle cellulaire“. Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA11T046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBlaszczak, Ewa Katarzyna. „Characterization of the cellular network of ubiquitin conjugating and ligating enzymes“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S116/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleProtein ubiquitylation is a post-translational modification that plays a crucial role in regulating many cellular functions, including cell growth and proliferation. Defects in this control mechanism cause cancer and other diseases. The ubiquitylation process involves a cascade of enzymatic reactions catalyzed by a family of structurally-related enzymes, namely ubiquitin activating enzymes (E1s), ubiquitin conjugating enzymes (E2s) and ubiquitin ligases (E3s). Interactions between E2s and E3s are in the centre of ubiquitylation cascade and it is a combination of particular E2/E3 pairs that determine what types of ubiquitin chains are made, thus determining the regulatory functions of the ubiquitin pathway. To date, only a small fraction of all possible E2/E3 pairs have been investigated, mainly using biochemical and in vitro approaches that may not accurately reflect the conditions that occur in living cells. We aimed to develop a method capable of detecting specific E2-E3 interactions under physiological conditions. Using budding yeast as a model organism, we found that the Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) enables sensitive detection of the well described Ubc4-Ufd4 pair under endogenous conditions. The assay is specific since the interaction signal is lost in yeasts expressing Ubc4 mutants truncated in its E3 interaction domain. We then used this system to further analyze the physiological network of E2 and E3 enzymes in living yeast. We performed a microscopy screen to assay all interactions between eleven E2s and 56 E3s. Our results show that approximately 20% of all E2/E3 combinations give a detectable BiFC signal. Few E3s interacted only with a single E2, whereas most E3s produced a BiFC signal with multiple E2s. Ubc13, Ubc1 and Ubc4 were found to be the most frequently interacting E2s. Our results match many examples from current literature but we also detected 94 new E2/E3 interactions, in particular we identified an interaction between the proteins Asi1 and Asi3 and E2s Ubc6 and Ubc7. Asi1 and Asi3 are known to form a complex (the Asi1/3 complex) at the inner nuclear membrane and are involved in the regulation of the response to extracellular amino acids. The Asi1/3 complex was suspected to function as a ubiquitin ligases because they contain a RING domain, but this has previously not been demonstrated. We therefore further characterized them functionally
Acosta-López, María Isabel. „HACE1 E3 ubiquitine ligase : caractérisation de sa régulation par phosphorylation et mise en évidence de son rôle dans la cohésion cellulaire“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2017AZUR4065.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe E3 ubiquitin ligase HACE1 is a key regulator of cellular homeostasis best-characterized for its ability to control the activity of the Rho GTPase Rac1. This GTPase is encoded by an essential gene whose product controls a wide array of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, migration and proliferation. Accordingly, the repression of HACE1 expression due to genetic and epigenetic alterations has been associated with numerous pathologies, including cancer, neurodegenerative and developmental diseases. However, nothing is known about the posttranslational regulation of HACE1 activity. Here, we unveiled that HACE1 gets phosphorylated at serine Ser-385 by Group-I Pak kinases in response to Rac1/Cdc42 activation. Mechanistically, we define that the phospho-mimetic mutant HACE1(S385E) displays a lower capacity to ubiquitinate Rac1 in cells. In addition, our work attributes to the phosphorylation of Ser-385 a pivotal role in the state of HACE1 oligomerization, which sets the basis for deciphering the relationship between HACE1 structure and activity. In parallel, we have found that the loss of HACE1 expression leads to the disruption of epithelial monolayer cohesion characterized by disrupted of cell-cell junctions. Accordingly, we determined that loss of HACE1 results in the acquisition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features, including a transcriptionally regulated switch of expression between E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Altogether, this work reveals a phospho-mediated regulation of HACE1 activity that is under the control of Group I PAKs and implicates HACE1 in the balance between epithelium integrity versus EMT
Dognon, Alexandre. „Contrôle de la stabilité de TIMELESS par un complexe ubiquitine ligase de type Culline-3 dans l’horloge circadienne de Drosophila melanogaster“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T008/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMost living organisms possess a circadian clock (24 hours period). This internal clockallows them to anticipate the daily changes (light, temperature) due to the rotation of theearth and consequently adapt their behavior and physiology. The molecular clock relies ontwo negative feedback loops that generate oscillations of the clock gene mRNA. A delaybetween the accumulation of the mRNAs and the proteins is required for the feedback loop,and is generated by post-translational modifications of PERIOD and TIMELESS. The proteinoscillations are controlled by their phosphorylation, ubiquitination and proteasomedependentdegradation. The ubiquitin ligase SCFSlmb induces the circadian degradation ofPER and TIM. SCFJetlag controls the light-dependent degradation of TIM, which is involved inthe resetting of the clock.In our study, we have identified Cul-3, as a new clock ubiquitin ligase that controlsTIM stability. Our results indicate that Cul-3 mostly controls the stability ofhypophosphorylated TIM, independently of PER, whereas SLMB controls the stability ofphosphorylated TIM. We propose a model where TIM oscillations are regulated by twoubiquitination process. Cul-3 delays the night accumulation of TIM, whereas Slmbprecipitates its degradation at the end of the night
Karim, Marwah. „Hijacking of cullin4-based E3 ligases confers non-proteolytic ubiquitination of influenza A virus PB2 protein“. Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7187.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe ubiquitin proteasome system regulates numerous cell processes, through ubiquitination of proteins. A vast interplay between viral proteins and host UPS exists, to promote successful infection and escape host’s immune response. We focused on the interaction between influenza A virus (IAV) polymerase protein PB2 and factors of the multi-components E3 ubiquitin ligase complex based on cullin 4 (CRL4) namely DDB1, DCAF11 and DCAF12L1 (designated as CRL4s). We found that PB2 undergoes a non-proteolytic ubiquitination, catalyzed by two CRL4s during infection. These CRL4s are positive regulators of viral infection, required for an optimal virions production and normal progression of viral cycle. We identified K29-linked ubiquitin chains as the main components of the non-proteolytic PB2 ubiquitination mediated by the CRL4s, thereby providing the first example of the role of this atypical ubiquitin linkage in the regulation of a viral infection. Although CRL4 E3 ligases are able to bind to PB2 when engaged in the viral polymerase complex, they did not affect the transcription and replication of viral segments. The two CRL4 ligases catalyzed the ubiquitination of different lysines on PB2, which might support distinct functions of PB2. Our work provides the first characterization of a non-proteolytic PTM of PB2, which might be essential for the successful outcome of an IAV infection. Furthermore, using affinity-purification followed by mass spectrometry (AP/MS) we identified distinct sets of cellular factors binding to the CRL4s during IAV infection. These results point towards the rewiring of cellular proteome targeted by the pro-viral CRL4 E3 ligases during IAV infection
El, Hachem Najla. „Rôle pro-tumorigénique de HACE1 dans le mélanome“. Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMelanoma incidence has considerably increased over the last thirty years, with a doubling every ten years. Melanoma accounts for only 5% of cutaneous cancers but causes more than 80% of deaths, which is a major public health problem. Indeed, this tumor is extremely aggressive and has a high metastatic potential. After the onset of metastases, the prognosis becomes highly unfavorable. Despite major therapeutic advances, many patients are still refractory to these new treatments. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the development of this tumor and the identification of new therapies remain a major issue. The sequencing of exomes led to the identification of a mutation in the RAC1 gene (P29S) constituting one of the most frequent somatic mutations in melanoma (after the BRAFV600, NRASQ61 and NF1 mutations). RAC1 is a small GTPase that is involved in several key cellular processes. Under physiological conditions, the activity of RAC1 is mainly controlled by GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) and Nucleotide Exchange (GEF) exchange factors. GAPs and GEFs control the level of RAC1- GTP and thus regulate its activity. The activity of RAC1 is also dependent on its protein level of expression which is controlled by E3 ubiquitin ligases, including HACE1. HACE1 is considered a tumor suppressor. Unexpectedly, our data clearly show that HACE1 promotes migratory and tumorigenic properties of melanoma cells. Indeed, inhibition of HACE1 alters migration of melanoma cells in vitro, as well as in vivo pulmonary colonization in mice. Transcriptomic analysis of 4 melanoma cell lines demonstrated that HACE1 suppression inhibits ITGAV and ITGB1 expression
Acosta-López, María Isabel. „HACE1 E3 ubiquitine ligase : caractérisation de sa régulation par phosphorylation et mise en évidence de son rôle dans la cohésion cellulaire“. Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4065/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe E3 ubiquitin ligase HACE1 is a key regulator of cellular homeostasis best-characterized for its ability to control the activity of the Rho GTPase Rac1. This GTPase is encoded by an essential gene whose product controls a wide array of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, migration and proliferation. Accordingly, the repression of HACE1 expression due to genetic and epigenetic alterations has been associated with numerous pathologies, including cancer, neurodegenerative and developmental diseases. However, nothing is known about the posttranslational regulation of HACE1 activity. Here, we unveiled that HACE1 gets phosphorylated at serine Ser-385 by Group-I Pak kinases in response to Rac1/Cdc42 activation. Mechanistically, we define that the phospho-mimetic mutant HACE1(S385E) displays a lower capacity to ubiquitinate Rac1 in cells. In addition, our work attributes to the phosphorylation of Ser-385 a pivotal role in the state of HACE1 oligomerization, which sets the basis for deciphering the relationship between HACE1 structure and activity. In parallel, we have found that the loss of HACE1 expression leads to the disruption of epithelial monolayer cohesion characterized by disrupted of cell-cell junctions. Accordingly, we determined that loss of HACE1 results in the acquisition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features, including a transcriptionally regulated switch of expression between E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Altogether, this work reveals a phospho-mediated regulation of HACE1 activity that is under the control of Group I PAKs and implicates HACE1 in the balance between epithelium integrity versus EMT
Maudet, Claire. „Etudes des activités de la protéine Vpr du virus HIV-1 basées sur le détournement de l'E3 ubiquitine ligase CUL4A ddb1“. Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077178.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHIV encodes for auxiliary proteins that are essential for the infection in vivo. Among the auxiliary proteins of HIV, Vpr protein remains an enigma: so far, no function during the infection could be assigned to this protein despite its importance for the establishment of the disease. Amongst its many activities described in vitro, the best characterized is probably its ability to induce a cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition leading to cell death by apoptosis. The demonstration that Vpr needs to recruit the E3 ligase CUL4ADDB1 to induce cell cycle arrest allowed us to propose a model in which Vpr hijacks this E3 ligase to induce the degradation of a cellular factor required for the G2/M transition, hereafter referred to as the G2 target. We have shown that the recruitment of the G2 target by Vpr requires a SRIG motif that is conserved in the C-terminal tail of Vpr. We were also able to identify a second apoptotic activity of Vpr, independent of the G2 arrest activity, but relying on the recruitment of E3 ligase CUL4ADDB1. Therefore, we propose a new model of action of Vpr where the viral protein induces the degradation, by hacking an E3 ligase, of not one but two cellular factors required for cell growth and viability. We have developed a purification strategy of the Vpr protein by tandem affinity to identify these cellular factors. The identification of the cellular factors inactivated by the Vpr protein will certainly allow the elucidation of the functions of this protein during HIV infection
Fan, Jun. „Investigating the crosstalk between Nedd4 ubiquitin ligases and PIAS3 SUMO ligase“. Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/31791.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSaraswathy, Vishnu. „Identification d’un nouveau rôle de la E3-ubiquitin ligase Mindbomb1 dans la voie Polarité Cellulaire Planaire“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2019AZUR6000.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuring my PhD, I studied two different cell signaling pathways that regulate morphogenesis during zebrafish development. I found that the Notch signaling pathway and Mib1 mediated Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) pathway regulate neural tube morphogenesis and embryonic axis extension respectively.During the first part of my PhD, I addressed the role of Notch signaling in zebrafish neural tube morphogenesis. Notch signaling has been well studied for its role in regulating neurogenesis during zebrafish development. However, whether and how it regulates morphogenesis of the zebrafish neural tube is unknown. Epithelialization and c-division are important events during zebrafish neural tube morphogenesis. Our findings show that, in addition to regulating the timing and identity of neuronal cell fate specification, Notch mediated suppression of neurogenesis is essential for the acquisition of polarized neuroepithelial tissue architecture and the execution specific morphogenetic movements called c-divisions, in order to properly shape the zebrafish spinal cord. Observations from the first part of my PhD led to the identification of the role of Mindbomb1(Mib1) in PCP signaling. Mib1, an E3-ubiquitin ligase required for Notch activation, regulates convergent extension (CE) movements during zebrafish gastrulation, that are required for the axis elongation of the embryo. Interestingly, I found that Mib1, independent of its function in Notch signaling, act in the PCP pathway to regulate axis extension. In the PCP pathway, Mib1 acts as an E3-ubiquitin ligase and regulates endocytosis of the PCP component Ryk to mediate CE during gastrulation. Thus, my study discovered that independent of its role in Delta/Notch signaling, Mib1 is important for the PCP pathway during zebrafish gastrulation
Dixon, James Edward. „Arkadia Family Ubiquitin-Ligases in TGFp Signalling“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486282.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleViñas, Castells Rosa. „Ubiquitin ligases involved in the regulation of Snail1“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145483.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa transició epiteli-mesènquima (per l’acrònim en anglès de: “epithelial to mesenchymal transition”, EMT) és un procés durant el qual cèl•lules epitelials adquireixen un fenotip mesenquimal. Està caracteritzat per la baixada de l’E-caderina, una proteïna de les unions adherents, i és important en el desenvolupament embrionari. L’expressió de Snail1 és suficient per desencadenar la EMT en cèl•lules en cultiu i s’ha trobat sobre-expressada en alguns càncers. Snail1 s’estabilitza tant a nivell de mRNA com de proteïna i en aquest projecte hem analitzat l’acció de les lligases d’ubiquitina que afecten els nivells de la proteïna. Apart de la ja descrita β-Trcp1, que degrada Snail1 de manera depenent a la fosforilació de Snail1 per GSK-3β, hem trobat les proteïnes F-box FBXL14 i FBXL5 con a noves lligases d’ubiquitina E3 que degraden Snail1. La FBXL14 és citoplasmàtica i els seus nivells disminueixen en hipòxia a través d’un mecanisme transcripcional. La FBXL5 és nuclear i modula tant la unió de Snail1 al DNA com la seva ubiquitinació nuclear. La proteïna FBXL5 es desestabilitza degut a la radiació gamma (γ) induint els nivells de Snail1.
Dou, Hao. „Mechanism of ubiquitin transfer by RING E3 ligases“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4660/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleViñas, Castells Rosa 1985. „Ubiquitin ligases involved in the regulation of Snail1“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145483.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa transició epiteli-mesènquima (per l’acrònim en anglès de: “epithelial to mesenchymal transition”, EMT) és un procés durant el qual cèl•lules epitelials adquireixen un fenotip mesenquimal. Està caracteritzat per la baixada de l’E-caderina, una proteïna de les unions adherents, i és important en el desenvolupament embrionari. L’expressió de Snail1 és suficient per desencadenar la EMT en cèl•lules en cultiu i s’ha trobat sobre-expressada en alguns càncers. Snail1 s’estabilitza tant a nivell de mRNA com de proteïna i en aquest projecte hem analitzat l’acció de les lligases d’ubiquitina que afecten els nivells de la proteïna. Apart de la ja descrita β-Trcp1, que degrada Snail1 de manera depenent a la fosforilació de Snail1 per GSK-3β, hem trobat les proteïnes F-box FBXL14 i FBXL5 con a noves lligases d’ubiquitina E3 que degraden Snail1. La FBXL14 és citoplasmàtica i els seus nivells disminueixen en hipòxia a través d’un mecanisme transcripcional. La FBXL5 és nuclear i modula tant la unió de Snail1 al DNA com la seva ubiquitinació nuclear. La proteïna FBXL5 es desestabilitza degut a la radiació gamma (γ) induint els nivells de Snail1.
Valentini, E. „UNDERSTANDING THE CATALYTIC MECHANISMS OF UBIQUITIN-E3 LIGASES“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/354478.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWu, George Tatung. „The role of anaphase-promoting complex in cellular differentiation and tumorigenesis /“. Access full-text from WCMC, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1528351821&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=8424&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalbert-Colas, Laurence. „Recherche et identification de partenaires du canal épithélial à sodium ENaC : étude du rôle potentiel de ces partenaires dans la régulation de l'activité de ENaC“. Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077168.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOlma, Michael Hans Adam. „Functional analysis of human Cullin 4-based ubiquitin ligases /“. Zürich : ETH, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000265867.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTan, Xu. „Ubiquitin ligases everywhere : from auxin receptor to HIV infection /“. Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6255.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFahlén, Sara. „Regulation of Myc oncoprotein function by E3 ubiquitin ligases /“. Uppsala : Dept. of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200882.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSankaran, Saumya M. „A functional analysis of the mammalian E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1 in a yeast model“. Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2009. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/23252.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOughtred, Rose W. „Characterization of ubiquitin-protein ligases in the testis interacting with the UBC4UBC5 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes“. Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36825.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePreviously, rat UBC4 isoforms homologous to S. cerevisiae UBC4/UBC5 were cloned and characterized (Wing and Jain, 1995) (Wing et al., 1996). The UBC4-1 isoform is highly expressed in the testis, and the UBC4-testis isoform is induced in round spermatids. This thesis describes the identification and characterization of E3s interacting with these UBC4 isoforms expressed in the rat testis.
First, the isolation and characterization of a novel E3 from rat testis extracts, E3Histone, is described. E3Histone mediates conjugation of ubiquitin to histones in a UBC4-dependent manner. Interestingly, E3Histone was immunodepleted by antibodies against Cdc27, a subunit of the a&barbelow;naphase-p&barbelow;romoting c&barbelow;omplex (APC), an E3 which plays a critical role in the regulation of the cell cycle. However, E3Histone and the APC are distinct complexes. Gel filtration resolved the 600 kDa E3Histone from the 1500 kDa APC. E3Histone interacts preferentially with UBC4, whereas the APC interacts preferentially with UbcH10 and shows specificity for the substrate cyclin. E3Histone and the APC may be members of a newly-recognized family of combinatorial E3s that share some common core subunits, such as CDC27, yet possess distinct subunits that confer upon them their respective E2 and substrate specificities. In addition, E3Histone activity was detected in extracts from various purified germ cells. Induction of UBC4 may lead to the increased ubiquitination of histories and together with E3 Histone may play a role in the chromatin condensation that occurs during spermatid maturation.
Secondly, the characterization of a HECT domain E3, Rat100, is described. UBC4-1 and UBC4-testis were found to transfer ubiquitin to Rat100 in vitro. Immunoblotting showed that Rat100 has a molecular weight of 300 kDa, and that the developmental and cell-specific expression of Rat100 correlates with that of UBC4. The induction of Rat 100 may playa role in the activation of ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis during spermatogenesis.
Mo, Min, und n/a. „Characterization of an Orf virus RING-H2 protein, B5L : a mimic of cellular anaphase promoting complex subunit 11“. University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090220.085825.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNathan, James Alexander. „The RING-CH ubiquitin E3 ligase MARCH7“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612286.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZemirli, Naïma. „Le rôle de l’ubiquitination et des endomembranes dans l’activation du facteur de transcription NF-κB“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T068/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe transcription factor NF-κB regulates the expression of several genes implicated in various physiological processes such as cell proliferation and survival, inflammation and immune responses. Dysregulation of its activation is involved in diverse pathologies such as cancer and auto-immune diseases. Following the engagement of immunoreceptors, NF-κB signaling requires a large signalosome assembly containing different adaptor proteins. These adaptors undergo poly-ubiquitinylation in a non-degradative manner, which is essential for signal transduction. We demonstrated in previous work that these ubiquitinylated proteins accumulate at the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via a reticular protein called “Methaderin” (MTDH). Furthermore, our results suggest that ubiquitinylation is a necessary prerequisite for protein addressing to the ER. To evaluate the contribution of E3 ubiquitin ligases in this process we performed a screen of a siRNA bank, targeting the 46 human transmembrane E3 ligases, using the TNF receptor signaling as a model. This screen enabled the identification of RNF121, a Golgi E3 ligase, as a positive regulator of NF-κB. Although the mechanism by witch RNF121 acts is not yet elucidated, our data suggest that it acts on the regulation of NF-κB inhibitor (IκBα). In the second part of this thesis, we investigated mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles; their shape is maintained due to a balance between two antagonist processes called: fusion and fission. It is known that moderate stress triggers mitochondrial hyperfusion, this process is called: SIMH (Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Hyperfusion). During this thesis, we demonstrated that SIMH is accompanied by NF-κB activation through the mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase MULAN. Our results suggest that during SIMH, MULAN forms a complex with the protein TRAF2 and modulates its ubiquitinylation to allow NF-κB signaling transduction. This work shows that, through their dynamics, mitochondria convert stress signals into a prosurvival response via NF-κB activation.In summary, our results illustrate the complexity of the ubiquitin-dependant regulation of NF-κB and attribute a new role in signaling transduction to the organelles
Larrieu, Dorian. „Régulation et fonctions de l'E3 ubiquitine ligase TRIP12 au cours du cycle cellulaire“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30144.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTRIP12 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that belongs to the HECT (Homologous to the E6-AP Carboxyl Terminus) family. Several proteins are targeted by TRIP12 polyubiquitination which triggers their proteasomal degradation. Among its targets, several proteins are involved in DNA damage responses, chromatin remodelling and p53 pathway activation. Unpublished results of my team showed an increased expression of TRIP12 in pancreatic cancer and pre-neoplastic lesions. My group revealed that TRIP12 polyubiquitinates and provokes the degradation of the transcription factor PTF1a (Pancreas Transcription Factor 1a) stability. Describing for the first time a post-translational regulation of PTF1a. PTF1a is essential in pancreatic development and homeostasis. It inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic cells and is considered as a tumour suppressor gene and. Even if several TRIP12 targets are involved in cellular processes that are tightly cell cycle regulated, the regulation of TRIP12 expression and its functions during the cell cycle was unknown at the beginning of my thesis. I showed that TRIP12 expression and nuclear localization are regulated throughout the cell cycle. I identified an intrinsically disordered domain within the N-terminal region of TRIP12 that permits its interaction to euchromatin. I demonstrated TRIP12 implication in mitosis entry by controlling DNA replication timing Independently of its catalytic activity. TRIP12 is also required for maintaining a correct mitotic progression and chromosomes stability. My results propose TRIP12 as a new chromatin-associated protein that is essential for cell cycle progression and to preserve genome integrity. In the end, my studies will be fundamental to explain the increased expression of TRIP12 protein observed in pancreatic cancer and its impact in carcinogenesis
Bazirgan, Omar Al-Kasim. „Functional analysis of the ubiquitin ligase Hrd1p with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc7p“. Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3246079.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed March 9, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Goldenberg, Seth James. „Structural and biochemical analysis of cullin-based ubiquitin ligases reveal regulatory mechanisms of ubiquitination machinery /“. Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6262.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWertz, Ingrid E. „Identification and characterization of novel ubiquitin ligase enzymes /“. For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHarvey, Kieran F. „Functional characterisation of the ubiquitin-protein ligase, Nedd4“. Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh3411.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCooper, S. E. „Studies of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Sina-Homologue“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597976.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVan, den Boomen Dick Johannes Hendrikus. „Functional characterisation of the TRC8 E3 ubiquitin ligase“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609481.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChaugule, V. K. „Regulation of the ubiquitin RING E3 ligase Parkin“. Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1306179/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSALA, SIMONA. „THE E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE HECW1 IN NEURONAL HOMEOSTASIS“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/883944.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGlockzin, Sandra. „Identifizierung und Charakterisierung von potentiellen Interaktionspartnern der Ubiquitin-Protein-Ligase E6-AP“. [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968491162.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrooks, William Samuel. „Localization and function of G2E3“. Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008r/brooks.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMatskova, Liudmila V. „EBV membrane protein LMP2A interactions with ubiquitin ligases and signaling scaffold /“. Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-068-0/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBartee, Eric Carter. „Discovery and characterization of a novel family of human ubiquitin ligases termed Membrane Associated RING-CH (MARCH) proteins“. Oregon Health & Science University, 2007. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,629.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMolecular Microbiology and Immunology
Both poxviruses and γ2-herpesviruses share the K3-family of viral immune evasion proteins. These proteins are characterized by an amino-terminal RING-CH domain followed by two transmembrane domains. We analyzed several human homologues of the K3-family termed membrane-associated RING-CH (MARCH) proteins. All MARCH proteins localized to subcellular membranes while several reduced surface levels of known K3-family substrates. Thus, MARCH proteins appear to be structurally and functionally homologous to viral K3 proteins. One of the major challenges in determining the function of this family is the identification of their physiological substrates. To overcome this we created a quantitative proteomics approach which can be used to identify novel substrates for both the K3- and MARCH-families. Using stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture, we compared the proteome of plasma membrane, golgi, and endoplasmic reticulum membranes in the presence and absence of K5 and MARCH-VIII. Quantitative mass spectrometric protein identification from these fractions revealed that CD316 (bone marrow stromal antigen 2), CD166 (activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule) and syntaxin-4 were consistently underrepresented in the plasma membrane of K5 expressing cells, while CD44, CD81 (TAPA-1) and B-cell receptor-associated protein 31kDa (Bap31) were consistently underrepresented in the plasma membrane of MARCH-VIII expressing cells. Furthermore, downregulation of each of these proteins was independently confirmed. Our results both identify and characterize a novel family of human ubiquitin ligase enzymes and elucidate a novel technique which can analyze this family and be easily adapted to the analysis of other cellular enzymes viral immune modulators.