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1
Liu, Lei, und Zhu Qing Huang. „Novel Torus-Involute Gear Transmission“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (Februar 2012): 1050–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.1050.
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A novel torus-involute gear transmission is presented in this paper. There are two types of tooth profiles for torus-involute gears: convex tooth and concave tooth. Torus-involute gears are non-sensitive to axial misalignments and allow variable shaft angle without meshing interference. Based on revealing of essence for tooth profiles, introducing the parameter t and discretizing this type of gear into tiny linear continuous corrected gears, a design method is proposed. To testify whether the transmission ratio of torus-involute gear transmission is constant, simulation is implemented in commercial codes ADAMS. The computed results show that this novel gear drive can achieve a constant transmission ratio with variable shaft angle.
2
Ye, You Dong, und Wen Xiang Zhang. „Outer Mesh and "Two Teeth Difference" Planetary Gear Transmission Parameter Optimization Design“. Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 2237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.2237.
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Based on the structure and failure features of a new type of outer mesh and “two teeth difference” planetary gear transmission, a optimize method for the gear’s parameters is pointed out avoid of structure failure. The modification coefficients of the gear pairs are obtained through optimization design, so the sliding coefficient for the driving gear, driven gear and planetary gear tending to be equal. The relative slide between gears is reduced, and the working life of the structure is increased greatly.
3
Bao, Pei De, Jun Xie, Xiao Qin Yin, Qi Zhi Yang und Lu Zhong Ma. „Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Design of Planetary Gear Transmission“. Advanced Materials Research 228-229 (April 2011): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.228-229.681.
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Based on elastic hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) theory, an EHL model of the meshing between the sun gear and planet gear in planetary gear transmission was established. The EHL oil film thicknesses at meshing areas and those distributions for two operation cases were calculated: one case with the sun gear as the driving gear and another case with the ring gear as the driving gear. The Lubrication with second case was worse. Through the many comparing calculations the lubrication film thickness can be significantly increased by right parameter design. Reasonable raise of lubricant viscosity can get better gear lubrication. Increased gear pressure angle can greatly increase the oil film thickness. The increase of oil film thickness can improve the lubrication of gears and prevent wearing and reduce the production cost of gears, which have great practical value.
4
Zeng, Qing Dun, und Feng Zhe Tan. „Finite Element Analysis of Gear Contact on Two-Speed Transmission in Electric Cars“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (Juli 2013): 443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.443.
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The main content of gear design is the strength design, and the contact strength design of gears is the main heart of the strength design, because the stress and deformation of gears directly affect their safety and service life and concern whether vehicle transmissions work smoothly. Therefore it is necessary to perform a finite element analysis for the gear contact in transmission. Based on the contact characteristic of helical gears, a three-dimensional solid model was established by using the software Pro/E, and the contact stress analysis of gears was carried out by the software ANSYS Workbench. The stress and strain distribution contours of helical gears were obtained, and then the check of shtrength and rigidity was performed. Thus, it is convenient for designers both to test the strength of gears and to modify the size of gears.
5
Shuai, Mo, Ma Shuai, Jin Guoguang, Gong Jiabei, Zhang Ting und Zhu Shengping. „Design principle and modeling method of asymmetric involute internal helical gears“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, Nr. 1 (12.02.2018): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218756443.
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In the field of mechanical engineering, involute helical gears are widely used. Compared with the involute spur gear, helical gears have a high bearing strength, more smooth transmission, less impact and less noise. The internal gear pairs have the features of large transmission ratio, low vibration, low noise and low wear and hence are widely used in planetary gear transmission systems. In order to meet the requirements of high strength, high speed of the modern gear transmission systems, a new type of asymmetric involute internal helical gears is designed based on conventional involute gears. This paper discusses the gear shaper cutter modeling for machining this new gear, analyzes the formation principle of asymmetric tooth profile and establishes a three-dimensional modeling by SolidWorks. Through MATLAB simulation, pressure angle, tooth number, coefficient of displacement and contact ratio of conventional and asymmetric gear are compared and analyzed. Using ANSYS, two types of gears are compared on strength in order to demonstrate superiority of asymmetric tooth and further study about the asymmetric internal helical gears.
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Luo, A. C. J., und D. O'Connor. „Impacting chatter and stick in a transmission system with two oscillators“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 223, Nr. 3 (16.06.2009): 159–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/14644193jmbd202.
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In this article, an investigation on non-linear dynamical behaviours of a transmission system with a gear pair is conducted. The transmission system is described through an impact model with a possible stick between the two gears. From the theory of discontinuous dynamical systems, the motion mechanism of impacting chatter with stick is investigated. The onset and vanishing conditions for stick motions are developed, and the condition for maintaining stick motion is obtained as well. The corresponding physical interpretation is given for a better understanding of non-linear behaviours of gear transmission systems. A parameter map is presented to provide a global picture of the relationship between system parameters and corresponding motion. Grazing and stick conditions are utilized to determine the existence of periodic motions. Such periodic motions are predicted analytically through mapping structures, and the corresponding local stability and bifurcation analyses are carried out. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate periodic motions and stick motion criteria. A better understanding of the motion mechanism between two gears may be helpful for improving the efficiency of gear transmission systems.
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Zhu, Li Li, und Guang Xin Wang. „Distribution on Transmission Ratio of Cylindrical Gear Reducer“. Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (Dezember 2012): 1295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.1295.
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The purpose of this paper is to provide two kinds of method to distribute the transmission ratio of three-stage cylindrical gear reducer. In the process, all the gears have the full contact stress in every stage. Besides, one method can also obtain the minimum volume of gear reducer and another one is to make all big gears have good flood lubrication. According to the two principles, the equations of distribution on transmission ratio and further a practical distribution graphic are examined, which have the applicable significance of actual engineering and can be the base of the distribution on transmission ratio of other kinds of gear reducer.
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Chaudhari, Neha. „Design and Analysis of an Open Differential“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, Nr. VI (30.06.2021): 5255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36181.
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A transmission or gearbox provides speed and torque conversions from a rotating power source to another device using gear ratios. The most common use is in motor vehicles, where the transmission adapts the output of the internal combustion engine to the drive wheels. Such engines need to operate at a relatively high rotational speed, which is inappropriate for starting, stopping, and slower travel. The transmission reduces the higher engine speed to the slower wheel speed, increasing torque in the process. We have designed a differential gearbox and tried to create the frictional contact between two mating gears. And we have performed the structural analysis on gear box by providing the torque to the assembly of crown gear and pinion gear, assembly of inner gears- spider gears and side gears and crown gear with the cage to attach spider gears. We have selected two kinds of alloy steel and have compared the factor of safety and structural analysis of the both.
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Huang, Wei, Jianfeng Huang und Chengliang Yin. „Optimal Design and Control of a Two-Speed Planetary Gear Automatic Transmission for Electric Vehicle“. Applied Sciences 10, Nr. 18 (22.09.2020): 6612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186612.
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Multispeed transmissions are helpful for improvement of the economy and drivability of electric vehicles (EVs). In this paper, we propose a two-speed transmission based on dual planetary gear mechanism, in which shifts are realized by torque transfer between two brakes located on ring gears. To synthesize the dynamic and economic performances of the vehicle, a multiobjective optimization problem is constructed for gear ratio optimization and Pareto-optimal solutions of gear ratio combinations are obtained by Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). In particular, the minimum electric energy consumption of the EV is calculated with a fast Dynamic Programming (DP) in each iteration. Following this, a constant-output-torque control (COTC) scheme is adopted for the torque phase and inertia phase of gearshift process to ensure constant output torque on the wheel. To enhance transient responses, the feedforward–feedback controller structure is applied and a disturbance observer is integrated to improve robustness. Simulation results demonstrate that the two-speed transmission has much better performance in terms of acceleration time and energy economy compared to the fixed-ratio transmission, and the proposed gearshift control method is able to achieve fast and smooth gear shift robustly while maintaining constant output torque.
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Yin, Jiao. „Analysis of Gear Static Transmission Error and Mesh Stiffness“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 365-366 (August 2013): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.365-366.327.
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In this paper, the object of study is one pair increasing gear with building a two-dimensional plane model in ANSYS. According to the gears meshing theory, considering the gear deformation, solve the static transmission error and the gear mesh stiffness in different conditions. The influence of the centre errors on static transmission error and mesh Stiffness are basis for modal analysis based on the mesh stiffness of gear and unbalanced harmonic response.
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Li, Xueliang, Jibin Hu und Zengxiong Peng. „Synthesis method for compact dual-clutch transmission with four DOFs gear mechanism“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, Nr. 11 (16.11.2018): 2929–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018811043.
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The design of dual-clutch transmission with multi-degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) is a good solution to increase in number of gears and a wider range of gear ratio in the limited space and weight. This article proposes a novel synthesis method for scheme design of the dual-clutch transmission with four degrees-of-freedoms gear mechanism. First, the shift sequences considering the path of power flow and shift logics are analyzed based on the degrees-of-freedom model, abstracted from the degrees-of-freedom of the schemes. Second, the schemes of gear-pair and shaft, defined as the scheme that ignores the arrangement of synchronizers, are derived from the basic configurations, defined as the schemes of gear-pair and shaft that contains only one of each type of the variable connections, and the numbers of each type of the variable connections. Finally, multi-parameter, including synchronizers arrangement and gear ratios, is optimally designed for the results of synthesis. The seven-speed dual-clutch transmission schemes with four degrees-of-freedom and two shaft systems are taken as an example to explain this synthesis method. In addition, this article helps to obtain a deeper understanding of the systematic design of other fixed gear transmission schemes, such as automated mechanical transmission, automated mechanical transmissions with electric torque supporting, and even some novel multi-input transmissions.
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Su, Chengyun, Shuhan Wang, Yanfang Liu, Peng Dong und Xiangyang Xu. „Coupled vibrations of a drive system during automatic transmission“. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, Nr. 3 (März 2019): 168781401983350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814019833508.
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Coupled vibrations are difficult to overcome in automatic transmission with mixed gear trains. In this study, a mathematical model for the bending–torsional–axial–oscillation vibrations of mixed gear trains with parallel-axis gear pairs, a clutch, planetary gear sets and a shaft rotor was developed using the concentrated mass method. The dynamic vibration response and transmission error of the meshing gears in different gears were analysed. The response sensitivity of the vibration parameters was obtained using the design coupling function of the peak–peak dynamic transmission error. The degree of coupling of each part with system vibrations was analysed and it was found that the stiffness and damping of gears influenced the coupled vibrations. Finally, the top seven degrees of coupling were obtained, the first two contributions were taken as the target to improve, the thickness of the P1 gear ring was increased by 5 mm and the bushing was added between the P2 planetary and sun gear to increase the stiffness and damping of gears. It could be validated that the vibration performance improved significantly from 3% to 6%. This article presents an analytical method of theoretical and practical value, which can provide a strong basis for reducing the vibrations and noise in automatic transmission.
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Han, Jae-Oh, Won-Hyeong Jeong, Jong-Seok Lee und Se-Hoon Oh. „The Structure and Optimal Gear Tooth Profile Design of Two-Speed Transmission for Electric Vehicles“. Energies 14, Nr. 13 (22.06.2021): 3736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133736.
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As environmental regulations have been strengthened worldwide since the Paris Climate Agreement, the automobile industry is shifting its production paradigm to focus on eco-friendly vehicles such as electric vehicles and hydrogen-battery vehicles. Governments are banning fossil fuel vehicles by law and expanding the introduction of green vehicles. The energy efficiency of electric vehicles that use a limited power source called batteries depends on the driving environment. Applying a two-speed transmission to an electric vehicle can optimize average speed and performance efficiency at low speeds, and achieve maximum speed with minimal torque at high speeds. In this study, a two-speed transmission for an electric vehicle has been developed, to be used in a compact electric vehicle. This utilizes a planetary gear of a total of three pairs, made of a single module which was intended to enable two-speed. The ring gear was removed, and the carrier was used in common. When shifting, the energy used for the speed change is small, due to the use of the simple method of fixing the sun gear of each stage. Each gear was designed by calculating bending strength and surface durability, using JGMA standards, to secure stability. The safety factor of the gears used in the transmission is as follows: all gears have been verified for safety with a bending strength of 1.2 or higher and a surface pressure strength of 1.1 or higher. The design validity of the transmission was verified by calculating the gear meshing ratio and the reference efficiency of the gear. The transmission to be developed through the research results of this paper has a simple and compact structure optimized for electric vehicles, and has reduced shift shock. In addition, energy can be used more efficiently, which will help improve fuel economy and increase drive range.
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Kumar, Ashwani, und Pravin P. Patil. „FEA Simulation Based Performance Study of Multi Speed Transmission Gearbox“. International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 6, Nr. 1 (Januar 2016): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2016010103.
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The main objective of this research work is to investigate the performance of automobile transmission gearbox under the influence of thermal properties variation of gearbox lubricant. An assumption has been made that the air-gear oil mist within transmission is under steady state condition, in isothermal equilibrium with the transmission gear oil bath of lubricant. The lubrication in multi speed transmission is subjected to thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication. The study here analyzed transmission in second gear pair. In full torque loading condition the high temperature generated due to meshing action of gears and frictional conditions between the transmission gear train changes the thermo-physical property of gear oil. The overall vehicle transmission gearbox performance is governed by the gear oil properties and it also effects the fuel consumption. This research study was performed at two higher different temperature range of gear oil.The analysis result shows that the gearbox oil thermal properties directly effect the performance and life span of automobile transmission gearbox.
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Ishibashi, A., und H. Yoshino. „Power Transmission Efficiencies and Friction Coefficients at Teeth of Novikov-Wildhaber and Involute Gears“. Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 107, Nr. 1 (01.03.1985): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258698.
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New equations have been derived to calculate the power transmission efficiencies, at the meshing teeth, of two kinds of representative cylindrical gears, Novikov-Wildhaber and involute gears. The efficiencies could be calculated from the equations and the friction coefficients obtained by simple experiments with test rollers. In order to show clearly the difference in the power transmission efficiencies of the two kinds of gears, the authors designed and made two interesting gear pairs with a small number of pinion teeth (Z1 = 3) and with a high gear ratio (Z2/Z1 = 9) by applying new techniques developed by them. The effects of gear speed, tooth load, type of lubricant, etc. upon the power transmission efficiencies were clarified using two interesting techniques to measure the efficiency. The experimental results indicated that the efficiency of the Novikov-Wildhaber gears was appreciably higher at high speeds, while it was lower than the involute gears at the start of rotation and also at low speeds.
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Mechefske, Chris K., David Benjamin Rapos und Markus Timusk. „Gear fault detection using dynamic transmission variance“. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 24, Nr. 1 (12.03.2018): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-01-2016-0003.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report the findings of a study that used measurements of shaft relative rotational position, made using inexpensive Hall Effect sensors and magnets mounted at the ends of a gearbox input and output shafts, to determine gear “transmission variance.” The transmission variance signals, as a function of gear/shaft rotational position, were then used to detect and diagnose gear faults. Design/methodology/approach Two sets of spur gears (one plastic and one steel) were used to experimentally determine the relative shaft rotational position between the input and the output gearbox shafts. Fault-free and faulted (damaged tooth faces and cracked tooth bases) gears were used to collect representative dynamic signals. Signal processing was used to extract transmission variance values as a function of shaft rotational position and then used to detect and diagnose gear faults. Findings The results show that variations in the relative rotational position of the output shaft relative to that of the input shaft (the transmission variance) can be used to reveal gear mesh characteristics, including faults, such as cracked or missing gear teeth and flattened gear tooth faces, in both plastic gears and steel gears under appropriate (realistic) loads and speeds. Research limitations/implications The operational mode of the non-contact rotational position sensors and the dynamic accuracy limitations are explained along with the basic signal processing required to extract transmission variance values. Practical implications The results show that shaft rotational position measurements can be made accurately and precisely using relatively inexpensive sensors and can subsequently reveal gear faults. Social implications The inexpensive and yet trustworthy fault detection methodology developed in this work should help to improve the efficiency of maintenance actions on gearboxes and, therefore, improve the overall industrial efficiency of society. Originality/value The method described has distinct advantages over traditional analysis methods based on gearbox vibration and/or oil analysis.
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Chen, Zhigang, Feng Xie, Zhihui Liu und Hongzhi Yan. „Model and Characteristic Simulation Analysis of a Two-Speed Transmission System“. International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration 26, Nr. 2 (30.06.2021): 180–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20855/ijav.2021.26.21773.
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One of the main tasks in the research of a helicopter two-speed transmission system was to improve its dynamic characteristics. For the low gear mode of the system, a dynamic model was established by using the lumped parameter method, the method of Runge-Kutta was used to solve the nonlinear dynamic system equations. The effect of the gear module on the dynamic transmission error, dynamic load of the gear pair and the dynamic windup angle of a one-way clutch were studied. And the effect of the one-way clutch torsional stiffness on the dynamic transmission error and dynamic load of the gear pair was also studied. The results show that: 1)~the dynamic transmission error of the gear pair decreases and the dynamic load of the gear pair increases with the increase of the gear module at the lower range of excitation frequencies; 2)~the dynamic windup angle of the one-way clutch increases with an increase of the gear module. 3)~the dynamic transmission error of the gear pair and the maximum dynamic load increases with an increase of the one-way clutch torsional stiffness at the lower and medium range of excitation frequencies. The above results can provide reference for the subsequent upgrade and improvement of the two-speed transmission system.
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Huang, Kang, Jue Li, Xin Jin und Qi Chen. „The Gap Nonlinear Characteristics of Gear Transmission System under External Excitation“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 215-216 (November 2012): 1067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.215-216.1067.
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For the study of nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a pair of gears in an external torque under gear meshing error excitation, we will establish two degrees of freedom nonlinear torsional vibration model. The use of Matlab / Simulink for numerical simulation solves the nonlinear dynamic model of the gear gap. Study the dynamic characteristics of the system in a certain domain of parameters on external incentive conditions, as well as external motivation of gear transmission system dynamic characteristics influence. The results have important practical value for future engineering practice on gear transmission system's dynamic design, and have important theoretical significance for complex gear transmission system dynamics study.
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Chen, Ming. „Efficiency Sensitivity of Two-Stage Planetary Gear Transmission System Based on Graph Theory“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 215-216 (November 2012): 1058–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.215-216.1058.
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This paper first establishes the graphic model and basic circuit equation of dual planetary gear transmission system based on modified complex joint picture representation method and basic circuit method. And then according to this model analyses the rotating relation and torque relation of dual planetary gear transmission system deduces the calculation formula of transmission rate efficiency. The sensitivity of each gear ratio to transmission efficiency is defined with the method of sensitivity analysis. By calculation and analysis, the influence degree of each gear ratio on transmission efficiency is obtained. The result can provide a basis for the design and optimization of dual planetary gear transmission system.
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Zhang, Y., und Z. Fang. „Analysis of Transmission Errors Under Load of Helical Gears With Modified Tooth Surfaces“. Journal of Mechanical Design 119, Nr. 1 (01.03.1997): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2828773.
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This paper presents a model for the analysis of transmission errors of helical gears under load. The model accommodates the modification of tooth surfaces, gear misalignments and the deformation of tooth surfaces caused by contact load. In this model, the gear contact load is assumed to be nonlinearly distributed along the direction of the relative principal curvature between the two contacting tooth surfaces. As compared with conventional tooth contact analysis (TCA) that assumes gear surfaces as rigid bodies, the model presented in this paper provides more realistic simulation results on the gear transmission errors and other gear meshing characteristics when the tooth surfaces are deformed under load. The proposed model is applied to a pair of helical gears in the numerical example included in the paper.
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Feng, Xiao Ning. „Analysis of Transmission Ratio Problem for Planetary Gear Reducer with Two Internal Gear Pairs“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 101-102 (September 2011): 727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.727.
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Planetary gear reducer with two internal gear pairs is known as NN type reducer. It has the advantage of large transmission ratio. Through the deep comprehensive studies on transmission ratio from four NN type reducers with different structure, the author proposes a new method to analyze transmission ratio from the tooth number difference for both internal gear pairs and external gear pairs, reveals rule, feature and range of transmission ratio of NN type reducer, and provides a clear train of thought for the selection of transmission ratio.
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Shinar, David, Meir Meir und Israel Ben-Shoham. „How Automatic Is Manual Gear Shifting?“ Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 40, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1998): 647–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/001872098779649346.
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Manual gear shifting is often used as an example of an automated (vs. controlled) process in driving. The present study provided an empirical evaluation of this assumption by evaluating sign detection and recall performance of novice and experienced drivers driving manual shift and automatic transmission cars in a downtown area requiring frequent gear shifting. The results showed that manual gear shifting significantly impaired sign detection performance of novice drivers using manual gears compared with novice drivers using an automatic transmission, whereas no such differences existed between the two transmission types for experienced drivers. The results clearly demonstrate that manual gear shifting is a complex psychomotor skill that is not easily (or quickly) automated and that until it becomes automated, it is an attention-demanding task that may impair other monitoring aspects of driving performance. Actual or potential applications of this research include a reevaluation of the learning process in driving and the need for phased instruction in driving from automatic gears to manual gears.
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Wang, Cheng. „The effect of planetary gear/star gear on the transmission efficiency of closed differential double helical gear train“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, Nr. 21 (15.05.2020): 4215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406220921205.
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The research of transmission efficiency is of great significance for reducing energy consumption and improving the performance of the device. Researchers have done a lot of work on the calculation of transmission efficiency. However, in the present research work, the quantity of planetary gear/star gear is usually not considered and only a planetary gear/star gear is adopted in the gear transmission efficiency. In practice, in order to increase the stiffness and load capacity of gear train, a plurality of planetary gear/star gears is adopted. The closed differential double helical gear train has been widely used in many fields, such as the main reducer of aircraft engine, lifting mechanism, and the power transmission system of marine ships. Therefore, in this paper, the closed differential double helical gear train is taken as the research object and the effect of planetary gear/star gear on the transmission efficiency is analyzed. Firstly, according to the structure of closed differential double helical gear train, related kinematic analysis is given. Secondly, a graph representation is used to characterize the closed differential double helical gear train. According to the theory of virtual power, the power flow direction of closed differential double helical gear train is determined and the value of split power is obtained. According to the input and output values described in graph representation of closed differential double helical gear train, the formula of transmission efficiency is derived and the effects of planetary gear/star gear on transmission efficiency are analyzed. Finally, an illustrative example shows that compared with the theoretical value, the difference considering the effect of planetary gear/star gear on the transmission efficiency of closed differential double helical gear train is two percentage points.
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Shi, Kan, Shuai Lin und Yan'an Yao. „The method for synthesis of the contact ratio of noncircular bevel gears“. Mechanical Sciences 12, Nr. 1 (16.02.2021): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-12-165-2021.
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Abstract. As a type of spatial transmission mechanism, noncircular bevel gears can be used to transfer the power and motion with a variable transmission ratio between intersecting axes. In this paper, utilizing the spherical triangle theorem and meshing principle, the parametric equations of the contact ratio are established in the space polar coordinate system. Two innovative methods are proposed to analyze the contact ratio by using the rotation angle of the driving (driven) gears and the arc length of pitch curve as pure rolling. In the case of modified gear and X-zero gear, whether the noncircular bevel gear is continuously driven is deduced. The simulation transmission ratio curve and theoretical transmission ratio curve are compared to verify the rationality of the design.
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Sommer, Andrew, Jim Meagher und Xi Wu. „Gear Defect Modeling of a Multiple-Stage Gear Train“. Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/754257.
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This study demonstrates the transient and steady state dynamic loading on teeth within a two-stage gear transmission arising from backlash and geometric manufacturing errors by utilizing a nonlinear multibody dynamics software model. Backlash between gear teeth which is essential to provide better lubrication on tooth surfaces and to eliminate interference is included as a defect and a necessary part of transmission design. Torsional vibration is shown to cause teeth separation and double-sided impacts in unloaded and lightly loaded gearing drives. Vibration and impact force distinctions between backlash and combinations of transmission errors are demonstrated under different initial velocities and load conditions. The backlash and manufacturing errors in the first stage of the gear train are distinct from those of the second stage. By analyzing the signal at a location between the two stages, the mutually affected impact forces are observed from different gear pairs, a phenomenon not observed from single pair of gears. Frequency analysis shows the appearance of side band modulations as well as harmonics of the gear mesh frequency. A joint time-frequency response analysis during startup illustrates the manner in which contact forces increase during acceleration.
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Wang, Guangxin, Lili Zhu, Peng Wang und Jia Deng. „Meshing and Bearing Analysis of Nutation Drive with Face Gear“. Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering 13, Nr. 4 (13.10.2020): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212797613999200420161031.
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Background: Nutation drive is being extensively investigated due to its ability to achieve a high reduction ratio with a compact structure and the potential for low vibration, high efficiency and design flexibility. However, many problems including the difficulty to process the inner bevel gear, less number of teeth in engagement and not being suitable for high-power transmission have restricted its development. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the contact strength of a patent about a new nutation drive developed based on meshing between two face gears, which has the advantages of both face gear and nutation drive, including large transmission ratio, large coincidence, small size, compact structure and strong bearing capacity. Methods: Based on the meshing principle and basic structure of the nutation face gear drive, the contact strength of nutation face gear transmission is analyzed by the Hertz contact analysis method and FEM method. Results: The maximum stress values of nutation face gear teeth are compared by two methods, which verify the accuracy of Hertz contact analytical method in calculating the contact strength of nutation face gear teeth. Furthermore, nine groups of three-dimensional models for the nutation face gear drive with a transmission ratio of 52 and different cutter parameters are established. Conclusion: The study analyzes the contact stress of fixed and rotary face gears in meshing with planetary face gears, and obtains the distribution law of contact stress and the influence of the number of teeth and parameters of the cutter on the load-carrying capacity.
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Yu, Kai An, Kun Ding und Ying Hua Chen. „Design and Research of Double-Drum Winch for Lowering Mooring Anchor Chains“. Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (März 2012): 2178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.2178.
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The designed double-drum winch is applied to the development of Liwan 3-1 gas field of the South China Sea for lowering mooring anchor chains, which is composed of motor, brake, reducer, front and rear drums, two-stage gear transmission devices, rack and base. There is an intermediate axle between two drums of the winch. On the intermediate axle there are two gears, a large one and a small one. The large gear installed on the intermediate axle goes into mesh with the pinion gear installed on the output shaft of reducer, and the small gear installed on intermediate axle meshes with the large gears installed on the front and rear drums separately. The speed of rotate from the motor is sent to the two-stage gear transmission devices by the reducer, to realize two drums rotate simultaneously in the same direction. Compared to the double-drum winch of multi-motor synchronous drive, the designed double-drum winch can be more reliable and avoid the difficult technical problems of multi-motor synchronous drive and control in a large extent.
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Yao, Y.-A., und H.-S. Yan. „A new method for torque balancing of planar linkages using non-circular gears“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 217, Nr. 5 (01.05.2003): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440603765226786.
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This paper proposes a novel concept for reducing driving torque fluctuations of planar linkages by the application of non-circular gears. The circular gears normally used in gear linkage mechanisms are replaced by a pair of non-circular gears. The design method includes two individual stages: linkage synthesis and gear ratio synthesis. An optimization model is developed for determining the appropriate transmission ratio function of the non-circular gear pair to meet user-specified requirements and constraints. Two examples are given to demonstrate this method and to verify its feasibility.
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Litvin, F. L., A. Fuentes, A. Demenego, D. Vecchiato und Q. Fan. „New developments in the design and generation of gear drives“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 215, Nr. 7 (01.07.2001): 747–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406011524117.
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Design, generation and simulation of the meshing and contact of gear drives with favourable bearing contact and reduced noise are considered. The proposed approach is based on replacement of the instantaneous line of contact of tooth surfaces by point contact and on application of a predesigned parabolic function of transmission errors that is able to absorb linear discontinuous functions of transmission errors caused by misalignment. Basic algorithms for analysis and synthesis of gear drives are presented. The developed theory is applied for design and generation of the following gear drives with modified geometry: (a) spur and helical gears, (b) a new version of Novikov-Wildhaber (N-W) helical gears, (c) asymmetric face gear drives with a spur pinion, (d) formate-cut spiral bevel gears. Generation of the tooth surface of a worm gear is presented as the formation of a two-branch envelope. The discussed topics are illustrated with examples.
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LUO, ALBERT C. J., und DENNIS O'CONNOR. „MECHANISM OF IMPACTING CHATTER WITH STICK IN A GEAR TRANSMISSION SYSTEM“. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 19, Nr. 06 (Juni 2009): 2093–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127409023937.
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In this paper, an investigation on nonlinear dynamical behaviors of a transmission system with a gear pair is conducted. The transmission system is described through an impact model with a possible stick between the two gears. From the theory of discontinuous dynamical systems, the motion mechanism of impacting chatter with stick is investigated. The onset and vanishing conditions of stick motions are developed, and the condition for maintaining the stick motion is achieved as well. The corresponding physics interpretation is given for a better understanding of nonlinear behaviors of gear transmission systems. Furthermore, such an understanding may be very helpful to improve the efficiency of gear transmission systems.
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Hedrih, Katica (Stevanović), und Vera Nikolić-Stanojević. „A Model of Gear Transmission: Fractional Order System Dynamics“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/972873.
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A theoretical model of multistep gear transmission dynamics is presented. This model is based on the assumption that the connection between the teeth of the gears is with properties within the range from ideal clasic to viscoelastic so that a new model of connection between the teeth was expressed by means of derivative of fractional order. For this model a two-step gear transmision with three degrees of freedom of motion has been used. The obtained solutions are in the analytic form of the expansion according to time. As boundary cases this model gives results for the case of ideally elastic connection of the gear teeth and for the case of viscoelastic connection of the gear teeth, as well. Eigen fractional modes are obtained and a vizualization is done.
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Park, Jeonghyun, Changjun Seo, Kwangsuck Boo und Heungseob Kim. „Geometry Modification of Helical Gear for Reduction of Static Transmission Error“. MATEC Web of Conferences 167 (2018): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816702013.
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Gear systems are extensively employed in mechanical systems since they allow the transfer of power with a variety of gear ratios. So gears cause the inherent deflections and deformations due to the high pressure which occurs between the meshing teeth when transmit power and results in the transmission error. It is usually assumed that the transmission error and variation of the gear mesh stiffness are the dominant excitation mechanisms. Predicting the static transmission error is a necessary condition to reduce noise radiated from the gear systems. This paper aims to investigate the effect of tooth profile modifications on the transmission error of helical gear. The contact stress analysis was implemented for different roll positions to find out the most critical roll angle in view point of root flank stress. The PPTE (peak-to-peak of transmission error) is estimated at the roll angles by different loading conditions with two dimensional FEM. The optimal profile modification from the root to the tip is proposed.
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Macyszyn, Lukasz, Cezary Jedryczka und Adam Myszkowski. „Simulation and Experimental Investigation of a Two-Stage Magnetic Precession Gear“. Energies 14, Nr. 7 (25.03.2021): 1838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071838.
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Gears are common and important components of many types of propulsion systems applied in mechanical engineering. The aim of this paper is to present the mechanical design and performance analysis of a novel two-stage magnetic precession gear (MPG). The main advantage of the proposed design is the ability to obtain higher transmission ratios than other currently known magnetic gear types. A detailed analysis of the performance of the MPG was carried out employing a developed numerical model of the magnetic field in the proposed gear. The MPG model is based on the finite element method (FEM) and allows determining the relations between the torque acting on the main components of the gear, load angles, and air-gap lengths. To validate the developed FEM model, the prototype of an MPG with a 1/144 gear ratio was built and tested. The experiments were also focused on determining the mechanical efficiency as well as the influence of rotational speed and lengths of air gaps on the maximum load torque. The tests indicated that the maximum efficiency of the studied MPG is about 30%, which is comparable to the efficiency of mechanical two-stage precession gears with face meshing.
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Sun, Liang, Zhenfei Wang, Chuanyu Wu und Guofeng Zhang. „Novel approach for planetary gear train dimensional synthesis through kinematic mapping“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, Nr. 1 (26.02.2019): 273–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219832912.
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The synthesis of a kinematic trajectory traversed by an output link (planet gear) and posture of a planetary gear train with noncircular gears can be divided into two phases: dimensional synthesis of the open-chain 2R mechanism (planetary carrier) and optimization of the transmission ratio of noncircular gear pairs. According to kinematic mapping theory, more than one closed coupler trajectory can be obtained by five preset poses. Simultaneous consideration of the trajectory shape, posture, and gear ratio is difficult during planetary gear train synthesis. This work therefore proposes a new method for the synthesis of planetary gear train in which different path segments in different trajectories are selected and a group of same-type 2R mechanisms is employed to pass through them in order to rebuild a new, closed trajectory. Subsequently, the transmission ratio of noncircular gear pairs can be determined using the relative angular displacement of the 2R mechanism. To improve the roundness of the pitch curves of noncircular gears, two optimization steps are implemented using a genetic algorithm without alternating the data points of the requisite open trajectories. For example, a mechanism for rice pot seedling transplanting is obtained by using the method.
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Lin, Zheng, und Li Gang Yao. „General Mathematical Model of Internal Meshing Spiral Bevel Gears for Nutation Drive“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 101-102 (September 2011): 708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.708.
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The general mathematical model of internal meshing spiral bevel gears for nutation drive is studied. Based on conventional enveloping theory and transmission principle, the meshing of two spiral bevel gears in nutation drive was substituted by the meshing of an imaginary rotating crown gear engaging with the external and internal bevel gear respectively. The general mathematical model of crown gear was established. Then the general mathematical model of internal meshing spiral bevel gears is obtained by matrix transformation, which is suitable for a variety of gear tooth profiles. Finally, the mathematical model and 3D modeling of double circular-arc spiral bevel gears are developed.
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Wu, Jun-Long, Chia-Chang Liu, Chung-Biau Tsay und Shigeyoshi Nagata. „Mathematical Model and Surface Deviation of Helipoid Gears Cut by Shaper Cutters“. Journal of Mechanical Design 125, Nr. 2 (01.06.2003): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1564570.
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Crossed-axis helical gears and hypoid gears are two conventional crossed-axis power transmission devices. Helipoid gears, a novel gear proposed herein, possess the merits of the crossed-axis helical and hypoid gears. A mathematical model of the proposed helipoid gear cut by shapers is also derived according to the cutting mechanism and the theory of gearing. The investigation shows that the tooth surface varies with the number of teeth of the shaper. Computer graphs of the helipoid gear are presented according to the developed gear mathematical model, and the tooth surface deviations due to the number of teeth of the shaper are also investigated.
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Zhang, Xi, Xiaolin Tang und Wei Yang. „Analysis of transmission error and load distribution of a hoist two-stage planetary gear system“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 233, Nr. 1 (23.04.2018): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419318770886.
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The research described in this study is aimed at exploring the transmission characteristics of a two-stage planetary-gear transmission system. Firstly, a novel rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model was established with the consideration of gear clearance, time-varying meshing stiffness, and the deformation of the bearing and shaft. Secondly, based on the novel dynamic model, different profile modification parameters are carried out to optimize the transmission error, load distributions, and harmonic quantity of the transmission system. The analysis results show that dynamic characteristics can be improved by optimizing the multi-stage planetary gear profile. The study provides a valuable reference for the design of multi-stage planetary-gear transmission systems of hoist industry.
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Kin, V. „Computerized Analysis of Gear Meshing Based on Coordinate Measurement Data“. Journal of Mechanical Design 116, Nr. 3 (01.09.1994): 738–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919444.
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A mathematical model is proposed for the reconstruction of gear tooth surface features based on the manufacturing process deviations measured with the help of a gear inspection (or coordinate measurement) machine. The model is extended to facilitate the computer simulation of meshing between the measured gear and a theoretical master gear, or between two measured gears. This would allow one to predict the transmission errors and bearing contact which are otherwise only possible to investigate using the combination of single-flank testing and a time-consuming work-in and examination procedure. The developed model is applied to the determination of tooth-to-tooth transmission errors of parallel-axis gears and can also be utilized to determine bearing contact and contact stresses and be useful in tooth surface fatigue life calculations.
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Li, Wei, Jingdong Sun und Jiapeng Yu. „Analysis of dynamic characteristics of a multi-stage gear transmission system“. Journal of Vibration and Control 25, Nr. 10 (24.02.2019): 1653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319830810.
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The two-parallel shaft gear transmission system is the most widely used system among the multi-stage gear transmission systems. The dynamic characteristics analysis of the two-parallel shaft gear transmission system is of great significance for nonlinear behavior research and noise control of gear transmission systems. This paper establishes a dynamic model and equations for the two-parallel shaft gear transmission system. According to the solution to the dynamic equations, the effects are studied of parameters such as speed, damping, modulus, and precision on the dynamic characteristics of the system. The results provide the basis for reducing vibration and noise control in multi-stage gear transmission systems.
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Kahraman, A. „Dynamic Analysis of a Multi-Mesh Helical Gear Train“. Journal of Mechanical Design 116, Nr. 3 (01.09.1994): 706–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919440.
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In this paper, the dynamic behavior of a multi-mesh helical gear train has been studied. The gear train consists of three helical gears, with one of the gears in mesh with the other two. A three dimensional dynamic model which includes transverse, torsional, axial and rotational (rocking) motions of the flexibility mounted gears has been developed. Two different loading conditions have been identified. In case-I, the system is driven by the gear in the middle, and in case-II, the system is driven by one of the gears at either end of the gear train. The phase difference between the two gear meshes has been determined under each loading condition. The natural modes have been predicted, and their sensitivity to the helix angle and different loading conditions has been quantified. The forced response, which includes dynamic mesh and bearing forces, due to the static transmission error excitation has been obtained. Effects of loading conditions and asymmetric positioning on the response have also been explored.
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Cristescu, Ana, Bogdan Cristescu und Laurenţia Andrei. „Finite Element Analysis of Multispeed Noncircular Gears“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 808 (November 2015): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.808.246.
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A multispeed gear train is designed based on a prescribed gears transmission ratio variation, specific to an industrial application that requires two uniform rotational motions, with different speeds, during the functioning cycle. The transitions between the uniform motions occur at continuously variable speeds, as a consequence of the trigonometric and power functions that are chosen to describe the transmission ratio variation. Based on the predefined kinematics, the multispeed gears pitch curves are modelled, and the teeth generation is completed by combining analytical and computerized graphics methods. The finite element analysis is applied to the gears solid models in order to investigate the influence of the transmission ratio defining parameters on the gear tooth bending state, as criteria in the further optimisation of the multispeed gears design.
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Simon, Vilmos. „Load Distribution in Cylindrical Worm Gears“. Journal of Mechanical Design 125, Nr. 2 (01.06.2003): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1561043.
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A method for the determination of load sharing between the instantaneously engaged worm threads and gear teeth, for the calculation of load distribution along the teeth and transmission errors in different types of cylindrical worm gears is presented. The method covers both cases—that of the theoretical line and point contact. The bending and shearing deflections of worm thread and gear tooth, the local contact deformations of the mating surfaces, the axial deformations of worm body, gear body bending and torsion, deflections of the supporting shafts, and the manufacturing and alignment errors of worm and gear are included. Based on the real load distribution the tooth contact pressure is calculated, in the case of point contact in two different ways, and the obtained results are compared. Also, the total transmission error, consisting of the kinematical transmission error due to the mismatch of the worm gear drive and of the transmission error caused by the deflections of worm thread and gear teeth, is calculated. The method is implemented by a computer program. By using this program the influence of the type of worm gear drive and of design and manufacturing parameters on load distribution and transmission errors is investigated and discussed.
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Chen, Suifan, und Zhifeng Dong. „Transmission characteristics and phase number optimization on the transmission mechanism of rod gear pulse continuously variable transmission“. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, Nr. 1 (Januar 2018): 168781401775196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017751966.
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In order to solve the oversize problem of continuously variable transmission, a rod gear pulse continuously variable transmission is designed. The kinematic mathematical models of key components are established by the matrix method and are simulated by MATLAB in a single phase, based on the analysis of basic structure and working principle of transmission. Also, the length requirements of each rod are studied, and the effect of three adjustment manners on the output-speed is simulated in the single phase. Furthermore, the simulations of the movement law of annular gear are achieved on two conditions of both different phases and different eccentricities on 8-phase. The results show that the manner of adjusting the eccentricity of eccentric wheel is the preferential selection of out-speed regulating method, and 8-phase is an optimal phase of transmission; meanwhile, for the rod gear pulse continuously variable transmission, the variable range of transmission ratio is wider and the pulsation rate is far less than the other traditional continuously variable transmissions.
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Sharke, Paul. „The Start of a New Movement“. Mechanical Engineering 124, Nr. 08 (01.08.2002): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2002-aug-3.
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This article highlights a novel way of combining two fundamental machine elements—gears and bearings—devised by John Vranish, a NASA engineer. He has combined gear and bearing into a single machine part he calls a “gear bearing.” In its simplest form, a gear bearing sandwiches a crowned spur or helical gear between two cylindrical rollers. The gear and the rollers share a centerline. The radii of the rollers equal the pitch radius of the gear. Although NASA’s telescope application needed a lightweight, compact, super-reducing planetary gear train, the basic elements that make up the transmission are incorporated readily into a number of other motion devices, including slides, reversers, linear-to-rotary converters, and even speed increasers.
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Petrescu, Florian Ion, und Relly Victoria Petrescu. „GEAR DESIGN“. Engevista 16, Nr. 4 (27.02.2014): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/engevista.v16i4.557.
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The paper presents an original method to determine the efficiency of the gear, the forces of the gearing, the velocities and the powers. The originality of this method relies on the eliminated friction modulus. The first chapters are analyzing the influence of a few parameters concerning gear efficiency. These parameters are: z1 - the number of teeth for the primary wheel of gear; z2 - the number of teeth of the secondary wheel of gear; alpha0 - the normal pressure angle on the divided circle; beta - the inclination angle. With the relations presented in this paper, it can synthesize the gear’s mechanisms. Today, the gears are present everywhere, in the mechanical’s world (In vehicle’s industries, in electronics and electro-technique equipments, in energetically industries, etc.). Optimizing this mechanism (the gears mechanism), we can improve the functionality of the transmissions with gears. At the gear mechanisms an important problem is the interference of the teeth. To avoid the interference between teeth, we must know the minimum number of teeth of the driving wheel, in function of the pressure angle (normal on the pitch circle, alpha0), in function of the tooth inclination angle (beta), and in function transmission ratio (i). The last chapter presents an original method to make the geometric synthesis of the gear, having in view the minimum number of teeth of the driving wheel. The classical methods use many different relations to determine the minimum number of teeth of the driving wheel. By this paper we want to give a unitary method to determine the minimum number of teeth of the driving wheel 1, to avoid the interference between the teeth of the two wheels (of the gear).
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Arulmozhi, P., M. Chandrasekaran und S. Padmanabhan. „Multi Objective Optimization for Spur Gear Design Using Sheep Flocks Heredity Model Algorithm“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 591 (Juli 2014): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.591.68.
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In a perspective of stable industrial development to manufacture added consistent and economical industrial product, gears are ever more focus to requirements in terms of power capability, efficiency and compactness etc. In order to increase the performance factors of gears such as transmission capacity, efficiency, gear life, etc. is a difficult criteria for a design engineers as these are all progress in a conflicting behavior. This paper deals with the multi-objective optimization of spur gear drive design with two contradictory objective functions such as maximization of power transmission and minimization of volume of the gear drive. These objectives are approached by an optimization technique based on a Sheep Flocks Heredity Model Algorithm (SFHM) with design constraints like stress, center distance etc. A spur gear problem is solved with traditional trial method and results are compared with proposed algorithm.
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Shen, Shao Hua, und Xiang Dong Shi. „The Parametric Design of the External Transmission of Involute Beveloid Gear with Parallel Axes“. Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (Februar 2011): 1567–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.1567.
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Involute beveloid gear is one of the involute spur gears .It can be work with parallel axes, intersecting Axes, crossed Axes. Lateral clearance of the gear transmission backlash can be controlled by adjusting the relative axial position of involute beveloid gear transmission pair between two gears. It make a very small backlash or zero backlash .It can be used in backlash-free precision transmission .Its manufacturing is easy and its load capacity and transmission is high. In different cross-section with a different modification coefficient is its geometrical characteristics. The most important par of design involute beveloid gear is to choose a reasonable modification coefficient. In this paper, the beveloid involute gear's design process is introduced to choose its modification coefficient in satisfying various conditions, such as the gear teeth not to undercut, the addendum not to sharpen, guarantees coincidence degree. And uses the VB language to establish a design platform of the external transmission of involute beveloid gear with parallel axes .It is suit for project application. First，chooses modification coefficient by not to undercut, not to sharpen, guarantees coincidence degree.Next, compute the related geometry size. Third, according to the computed result, draws up the tooth profile curve in SolidWorks. Thus produces the gear's tooth profile or the socket gallery precisely, make gear's 3D modeling. It provides the basis for gear's optimization design and advanced manufacture. A new gear is rapidly established by change gear parameter in the designs platform. It can greatly raises r the efficiency and the precision of design involute beveloid gear, which provided the precise model for its dynamic simulation, the NC processing, the interference examination as well as the finite element analysis. Introduce the use method of design platform through a practical example confirms its usability.
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Sun, Liang, Yuzhu Zhou, Hengmin Huang, Chuanyu Wu und Guofeng Zhang. „Analysis and Design of a Spatial Planetary Noncircular Gear Train for Rice Seedling Transplanting Based on Three Given Positions“. Transactions of the ASABE 63, Nr. 1 (2020): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13498.
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HighlightsA method for solving a spatial transplanting mechanism with noncircular gears is proposed.A new mechanism for transplanting rice pot seedlings is proposed.A trajectory with a small lateral displacement at the preparation phase is obtained.The working performance is validated by simulations and field tests.Abstract. This study proposes a method of solving the parameters of a spatial planetary gear train with noncircular gears to meet the requirements of wide-narrow row pot seedling transplanting (WPST). First, the planetary gear train was simplified to a spatial open-chain 2R mechanism (planetary carrier). A kinematic model of the 2R mechanism was derived from the three given homogeneous matrices describing the spatial position and attitude information of grasping, extracting, and planting seedlings. Second, the length of each link, attitude of each rotation axis, and relative initial angles were calculated. The model for solving the transmission ratio was deduced. A spatial planetary gear train configuration with a single planet carrier and two-stage driving was derived, in which the middle axis could be determined by combining the selected configuration, represented trajectory, and transmission ratio of each gear pair. Finally, a planetary gear train combining a noncircular gear pair and a helical gear pair was used in the WPST mechanism design. Simulations and tests conducted on a prototype confirmed the correctness of the theoretical model and the practicality of the design. Keywords: Noncircular gear, Planetary gear train, Spatial trajectory, Transmission ratio, Transplanting mechanism.
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Wu, Yi Chang, Li An Chen und Tze Cheng Wu. „Design of 3-Speed Bicycle Transmission Hubs“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (Mai 2015): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.228.
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This paper presents the embodiment designs of 3-speed transmission hubs which consist of basic planetary gear mechanisms and gear-shifting control mechanisms. Two feasible clutching sequence tables are synthesized by analyzing the kinematic structure of the gear mechanism. A mechanical control mechanism is used to control the engagement or disengagement of each clutch to guide the power flow from the rear sprocket via the gear mechanism to the hub shell. The power transmission path at each gear stage is further checked to verify the validity of the transmission hub. The embodiment designs of two 3-speed transmission hubs are presented.
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Feng, Ming Jia, und Zhen Dong. „Double Loop Transmission Dynamics Simulation Analysis“. Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (Oktober 2014): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.965.
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This article focuses on double loop transmission dynamics simulation analysis based on ADAMS. The translation of double loop transmission gear transmission mechanism from the establishment of the model, edit component and add constraint is introduced in detail, finally it is concluded that the rotating speed and meshing force simulation results. From the simulation results can be concluded that the speed has consistency with the theoretical value, confirmed that the gear parametric modeling and the rationality of the transmission system modeling process. From the simulation results can be concluded that two inner gear meshing force between the ring plate and the outer gear meshing force always close to constant, two plate respectively on the annular gear meshing force of equal size.