Dissertationen zum Thema „Tumoral Niche“
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Grégoire, Murielle. „Polynucléaires neutrophiles, cellules stromales, lymphocytes B : interaction tripartite dans la niche des lymphomes B“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S156/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor long time, neutrophils have only been considered as cells involved in the innate immune response. More recently, in descriptive publications, neutrophils were found in the microenvironment of many solid cancers, hypothesizing that they could also play a role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. These studies highlighted the prognostic value of their frequency, but few of them focused on the functional characterization of these cells in tumor growth. In many cancers, including germinal centre-derived B-cell lymphomas, tumor cells are dependent on their microenvironment to proliferate and survive. In this study, we focused on the role of neutrophils in the progression of B-cell lymphomas, and for the first time we demonstrated that neutrophils directly support the growth and survival of tumor Bcells. In addition, we highlighted the existence of bidirectional cooperation between neutrophils and stromal cells. In one hand stromal cells support the survival of neutrophils. On the other hand, neutrophils induce a lymphoid stroma phenotype which is well known to enhance their supportive effect on tumor cells. This study demonstrates that neutrophils are a significant component of the tumor microenvironment and may be considered as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of B-cell lymphomas
Laviron, Marie. „Etude de la modulation des niches de macrophages au cours du développement tumoral et en réponse à la chimiothérapie“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS225.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMacrophages represent the most abundant population within the tumor and their accumulation is associated with bad prognosis in most cancers. They form a group of sub-populations that vary in terms of origin, localization and function. Those characteristics, defining the interaction between the macrophage and its environment, constitute the macrophage niche. Macrophage niches have been described in different tissues at homeostasis but their evolution during tumor development remains to be elucidated. My thesis project aims at characterizing macrophage niches and focuses on two parts; the evolution of macrophage niches during tumor development; and the impact of chemotherapy on macrophage niches, and specifically the role of Treg on their polarization in this setting. Through those projects, we highlight that the heterogeneity of macrophages is directly linked to the diversity of tumor spatial niches. Macrophage polarization is dictated by signals derived from the niche. We also suggest that chemotherapy favors Treg and macrophage interactions, and that Treg depletion post-chemotherapy leads to the repolarization of macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype, associated with better tumor control. This work sheds light on the importance of the relationship between the macrophage and the tumor for the induction of its functions, and could identify specific populations to target to restore an efficient anti-tumor immune response
Gualtieri, Marco. „In vivo analysis and manipulation of an invasive brain tumour“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS388.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePrimary brain tumours are extremely aggressive, and often incurable. Interestingly, cells sharing many of the features of neural stem cells (NSCs) have been identified in several primary brain tumors. These cells are coined cancer stem cells (CSCs), and display self-renewal potential with illimited proliferation. Tumours strongly depend on a cellular microenvironment, which results in part from the remodelling of pre-existing populations, such as glial cells and blood vessels (the blood-brain barrier). The project uses the Drosophila Central Nervous System as an in vivo model to track brain tumors during the entire life of the host. The fly NSCs are a well-characterised stem cell model from which tumous can be generated during development, are CSC-driven and can survive and proliferate extensively during adulthood. In this system I can discriminate between different cell populations within the niche, and explore their behavior with respect to the CSCs during tumor growth. In particular I am interested in the mechanisms of cellular interactions happening in glial cells at the interface with the tumors. My results show that a sub-population of glial cells (cortex glia) undergoes apoptosis upon tumor growth, a mechanism that appears to promote tumor propagation. Interestingly, preventing cortex glia death leads to reduced tumor growth, suggesting that the tumour is at least in part required to eliminate glia to grow. In return, precocious killing of cortex glia favors tumor growth, pinpointing a reciprocal relationship between these two cell populations. Performing a transcriptional analysis of cortex glia during tumor growth has revealed multiple signalling pathways with a changing expression, and whose functional relevance is currently being assessed. In parallel, taking advantage of a published tumor transcriptome, I have selected several potential candidates mediating protein protein interactions at the interface between the tumour and the glia cells. Finally, I have also evaluated the role of known Rab proteins in the context of tumor development. This on-going work will shed light on how CNS tumors progress within and invade the healthy tissue
Deynoux, Margaux. „Incidence de l'hypoxie sur le métabolisme oxydatif des leucémies aiguës myéloïdes : établissement et caractérisation d'un modèle in vitro de niche leucémique“. Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR3303.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn acute myeloid leukemia, a high level of ROS is known to favor blasts proliferation, whereas a low level promotes stem cells quiescence. The low oxygenation, or hypoxia, of the bone marrow niche could contribute to chemoresistance of AML cells by reducing the oxidative stress. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) are involved in the control of the cell metabolism and antioxidant enzymes. HIFs inhibition leads to AML cells stress and death. The purpose of this work was to study a link between hypoxia, oxidative metabolism and chemoresistance in an in vitro model of leukemic cell culture. The acquisition of a hypoxic profile by hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) cultured with medullary mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), has been shown. We hypothesized that AML cells may also acquire such profile in a coculture with human MSCs. To demonstrate that, we cultivated primary AML cells or the MV4-11 cell line on primary human MSCs or the HS-27a cell line. Like HSCs, we identified three leukemic populations according to their adhesion capacity to MSCs: in suspension, adherent to MSCs and embedded in MSCs. Embedded cells, the most adherent, have stronger CXCR4 expression compared to the others. They are also 2- to 7-fold more resistance to cytarabine. However, no change in the stem cell phenotype profile and in the clonogenic, repopulation or xenograft capacities, could be associated with the embedded cells compared to other populations. In contrast, embedded cells present a hypoxic profile, a weak proliferation with increased G0 phase, and lower ROS level that may rely on lower mitochondrial mass. This suggests that chemoresistance mainly relies on hypoxia or cell metabolism rather than a higher stem cell capacity. Furthermore, we have shown that acriflavine, a non-specific HIF inhibitor, could synergize with the cytarabine to eliminate embedded chemoresistant cells. Our results show that the MSC supernatant or a simple contact are not sufficient to induce metabolic change and resistance to cytarabine. We assume that hypoxia in the niche may modulate the oxidative metabolism and the chemoresistance by direct mechanisms and/or indirect ones through CXCR4 expression, a chemokine receptor shown to be involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress in HSC
Lim, Chetana. „Microenvironnement et angiogénèse : implications dans la stratégie onco-chirurgicale des métastases hépatiques synchrones des cancers colorectaux“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC018/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAt the time of the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, nearly 25% of patients have synchronous liver metastases. When this tumor is asymptomatic, the question of surgical strategy (primary tumor first versus liver-first strategy) remains debated. Current recommendations are based on agreements of experts which are by themselves based on retrospective clinical studies. The study of the tumor microenvironment has taken in recent years a major place in the field of cancer research. It leads to new paradigm with a new conception of the metastatic process. It may be possible that the microenvironment of the metastatic sites can be modulated by the primary tumor to promote the formation of the pre-“metastatic niche”. This leads to promote the growth of cancer cells and increase the metastatic potential of primary tumor. By a multidisciplinary research including fundamental, translational and clinical approaches, we have shown that primary tumor first strategy could modulate tumor angiogenesis and liver metastatic process. It is associated with improved survival of patients and efficacy of the anti-angiogenic therapy
Dagdelen, Olcay. „Nicht-invasive Dignitätsbestimmung von HNO-Tumoren mittels Positronenemissionstomographie“. Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-27595.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVahedi, Nadine. „Früh- und Langzeitergebnisse nach Resektion von Lebermetastasen nicht-kolorektaler Tumoren“. Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-100951.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKoczuła, Katarzyna Malgorzata. „Real-time metabolic flux in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells adapting to the hypoxic niche“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6067/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFahy, Lucine. „Etude des conséquences d’un environnement hypoxique sur le développement et la chimiorésistance des leucémies aiguës lymphoblastiques T (LAL-T)“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/FAHY_Lucine_2_complete_20190627.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBackground: T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a malignant hematological disorder characterized by an increased proliferation of T lymphocyte precursors that are unable to complete their maturation. Treatments are effective in 90% of children T-ALL cases. However, children with relapse have a very poor prognosis. Resistance to chemotherapy is thus a major therapeutic challenge in the treatment of T-ALL that can be driven by interactions between leukemic cells and the microenvironment. Bone marrow microenvironment, a crucial site of propagation and maintenance of leukemia, is hypoxic with oxygen levels varying from 0.1 to 5%. As hypoxic solid tumors are more resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the aims of the study were to investigate to which extent oxygen levels impact on leukemia development and chemoresistance and to characterize the implicated molecular mechanisms. Methods: Mouse models and patients derived samples of T-ALL were cultured in low (1% and 3.5%) and high (21%) oxygen levels. Growth, apoptosis, cell cycle, metabolism and chemoresistance were measured as well as in vivo leukemia propagation using immune deficient mice as ways to define the impact of oxygen levels on T-ALL.Results: Results show that hypoxia inhibits the growth of T-ALL by slowing down cell cycle progression and decreasing metabolism, making them less sensitive to anti-leukemic drugs and preserving their ability to initiate leukemia in vivo after treatment. Knocking down (KD) HIF1α counteracted the effects observed in hypoxic T-ALL and restored their chemosensitivity. Interestingly activation of mTOR was diminished in hypoxic leukemic cells and HIF-1α KD restored mTOR activation in these low O2 conditions. Moreover, inhibiting mTOR in HIF1aKD T-ALL enhanced their chemoresistance, indicating a functional relationship between these two pathways.Conclusion: This work shows that hypoxic niches can play a protective role during the treatment of T-ALL through a HIF1α/mTOR molecular loop. Inhibition of HIF1α and/or activation of the mTOR pathway may help suppress the chemoresistance of T-ALL in hypoxic niches
Kobelt, Dennis. „Klinische Studie und experimentelle Untersuchungen zur nicht-viralen Gentherapie solider Tumoren“. Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16598.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCancer is one leading causes of death worldwide. Gene therapy belongs to the promising options for treatment of malignant tumors. The non-viral gene therapy is known as safer alternative to the viral gene therapy. For non-viral gene transfer the vector and the transfer technology are of crucial importance. As part of this work a clinical trial was performed to assess efficiency and safety of the non-viral jet-injection. It was shown, that this technology can be used safely in a clinical setting. As a result of this clinical trial we concluded, that vector safety and especially efficiency need further improvements. Based on this optimized non-viral vectors (minicircle, MIDGE) were compared with each other and their respective parental plasmids. The MIDGE vector showed the highest transgene expression due to increased transcription. In preparation of a clinical trial the combined treatment of hTNF-alpha gene transfer and Vindesine chemotherapy was analyzed. Again, the MIDGE vector showed the highest transgene expression. This expression led to an increased cytotoxicity of Vindesine in vitro due to an elevated apoptosis signaling. Furthermore, these results could be assigned to an in vivo model. The increased hTNF-alpha expression after MIDGE vector jet-injection in combination with Vindesine led to a significant decrease in tumor growth. Detailed analysis of systemic vector distribution in the blood and organs as well as the preclinical toxicity evaluation showed the safety of the non-viral MIDGE vector. Initial experiments were performed to show further options for stable gene expression and combined gene transfer protocols using the MIDGE vector.
Correnti, M. „THE ROLE OF STEM CELL NICHE AND TUMOR-ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGES IN HUMAN CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/484683.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWagner, Manuela. „Maligne Tumoren als Zufallsbefunde bei klinischen Obduktionen - Eine retrospektive Untersuchung am Obduktionsgut des Institutes für Pathologie des Universitätsklinikums Leipzig“. Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-124575.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOlivera-Salguero, Rubén 1991. „New roles for Snail1 -expressing CAF during primary tumor progression and secondary niche colonization“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667308.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSnail1 és el principal regulador de la Transició Epiteli-Mesènquima (EMT, per les sigles en anglès) i també resulta crucial per a l’activació dels fibroblasts en presència de TGFβ. En càncer, l’expressió de Snail1 en tumors primerencs correlaciona amb l’aparició de metàstasis. Prèviament, el nostre grup va demostrar que els fibroblasts actius associats a tumors (CAF) que expressen Snail1 desencadenen metàstasis. Aquí demostrem que els CAF que expressen Snail1 atenuen la resposta immunitària efectora anti-tumoral. Hem observant que els CAF que expressen Snail1 determinen un fenotip pro-tumoral en macròfags in vitro i també in vivo fent servir el model de càncer de mama MMTV-PyMT on la progressió tumoral es veia accentuada. En el context metastàtic, mostrem que l’activació dels fibroblasts del fetge induïda per TGFβ és determinant per a la colonització d’aquest òrgan per part del càncer colorectal. Els CAF que expressen Snail1 determinen que les cèl·lules del càncer evadeixin la resposta immunitària anti-tumoral. En conseqüència i malgrat la senyalització per TGFβ, l’absència de Snail1 anul·là la presència de CAF actius en les noves metàstasis i foren rebutjades. Aquestes noves funcions dels CAF que expressen Snail1 durant la progressió del tumor primari i la colonització d’un nínxol secundari incrementen la rellevància de la proteïna Snail1 en oncologia.
Cartier, Régis. „Verwendung von synthetischen NLS-Sequenzen für den nicht-viralen Gentransfer in humane Tumoren“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2004/174/index.html.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNor, Carolina. „Modulação da sobrevivência e proliferação de células de câncer : mecanismos relacionados ao estado da cromatina e ao nicho tumoral“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/104742.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCancer is the leading cause of death in economically developed countries and the second cause of death in developing countries. Work from a number of laboratories strongly suggests that tumors are organized as a hierarchy based on a subset of cancer cells that have stem-cell properties. These cells have been shown to be resistant to conventional therapy, dependent on contextual signals within the tumor microenvironment and, to be responsive to differentiation therapy. Here we show that sodium butyrate (NaB), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, decreases cell proliferation and colony formation in human medulloblastoma cell lines. These effects were accompanied by an increased mRNA expression of Gria2, a neuronal differentiation marker, in two out of three cell lines tested. In addition, neurosphere formation was impaired by NaB exposure in a cell line submitted to stem cells proper media. NaB also may potentiate the effect of etoposide chemotherapy and BDNF (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor) on the inhibition of medulloblastoma cells viability. Moreover, we observed that cisplatin treatment increased the proportion of cancer stem cells (CSC), identified by ALDHhighCD44high cells, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), when treated together with recombinant human IL-6 (rhIL-6). The same regimen promoted proliferation, self-renewal and survival of CSC in vitro as seen by the increase in orosphere number formed in ultra-low attachment plates, and Bmi-1 expression induction in western blots. IL-6–induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation (indicative of stemness) was unaffected by treatment with cisplatin in HNSCC cells, whereas IL-6–induced extracellular signal-transducer kinases (ERK) phosphorylation (indicative of differentiation processes) was partially inhibited by cisplatin. Cells resistant to lower doses of cisplatin also expressed more Bmi-1. In vivo experiments corroborated in vitro findings by showing increased proportion of ALDH highCD44high cells in xenograft tumors of mice treated with cisplatin. An antibody against the receptor of IL-6 was able to revert the induction of Bmi-1 expression seen in cells treated with cisplatin plus IL-6. Taken together, these results suggest that the modulation of the epigenetic states of the cancer cell and modulation of signals provided by the niche are promising new molecular targets for the development of adjuvant therapy for cancer.
Burgett, Monica E. „Direct contact with perivascular tumor cells enhances integrin αvβ3 signaling and migration of endothelial cells“. Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1466174564.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBERTOCCHI, ALICE. „ROLE OF THE GUT VASCULAR BARRIER IN METASTATIC COLON CANCER“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/608839.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKontoyannis, Angeliki. „Development of the NICE clinical guideline on the diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer“. Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/71966/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGarcia, Gerique Laura. „Study of disseminated high-risk neuroblastoma in the bone marrow niche; from microenvironmental modelling to therapeutic targeting“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672256.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBures, Vanessa [Verfasser], und P. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kann. „Endosonographische Morphologiekriterien nicht-funktioneller pankreatischer neuroendokriner Tumoren (pNET) : Evaluation des endosonographischen Nachweises neuroendokriner Tumoren des Pankreas im Vergleich zu anderen bildgebenden Verfahren / Vanessa Bures. Betreuer: P. H. Kann“. Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014851866/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMihailovic, Dean [Verfasser], Jorge [Akademischer Betreuer] Frank und Michèle [Gutachter] Hoffmann-Massier. „Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung von Tumoren bei den nicht-akuten Porphyrien / Dean Mihailovic ; Gutachter: Michèle Hoffmann-Massier ; Betreuer: Jorge Frank“. Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1229191615/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZhao, Jiangang [Verfasser], und Karl-Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Jauch. „Tumor-derived exosomes inhibit natural killer cell function in the pre-metastatic niche of pancreatic cancer / Jiangang Zhao ; Betreuer: Karl-Walter Jauch“. München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198112409/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKobelt, Dennis [Verfasser], W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Uckert, W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Walther und H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Lage. „Klinische Studie und experimentelle Untersuchungen zur nicht-viralen Gentherapie solider Tumoren / Dennis Kobelt. Gutachter: W. Uckert ; W. Walther ; H. Lage“. Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2012. http://d-nb.info/102733959X/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSchnurbus, Lea Elaine [Verfasser], Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Ringel, Florian [Gutachter] Ringel und Bernhard [Gutachter] Meyer. „Chirurgische Therapie von primär als nicht-operabel eingestuften hirneigenen Tumoren / Lea Elaine Schnurbus ; Gutachter: Florian Ringel, Bernhard Meyer ; Betreuer: Florian Ringel“. München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1172880093/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMüller-Hümmrich, Christine [Verfasser], und C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Alexiou. „Retrospektive Erhebung zum Krankheitsverlauf von Patienten mit nicht-plattenepithelialen Tumoren der Nasenhöhle und der Nasennebenhöhlen / Christine Müller-Hümmrich. Betreuer: C. Alexiou“. Erlangen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/101880143X/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStrömvall, Kerstin. „Extratumoral effects of highly aggressive prostate cancer“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Patologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-140154.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePopulärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Prostatacancer är den i särklass vanligaste cancerformen hos män i Sverige. De flesta patienter har en mycket långsamt växande tumör som inte orsakar dem några större besvär under deras livstid, men enbart i Sverige dör ca 2500 patienter/år av sjukdomen. Det är först vid uppkomst av metastaser som sjukdomen blir dödlig. Befintliga diagnos- och prognosmetoder är otillräckliga när det gäller att uppskatta och förutse tumörens aggressivitet och risk för att bilda metastaser. Detta gör att vissa patienter inte får tillräcklig behandling eller behandlas försent medan andra behandlas i onödan. Behovet av förbättrad diagnostik är därför stort. Om vi kan hitta markörer för potentiellt metastaserande sjukdom, och i bästa fall också behandla innan metastaser uppstår, skulle det förbättra chansen för överlevnad markant. För att kunna växa och spridas behöver en tumör inte bara förbereda närliggande vävnader utan förmodligen hela kroppen. Vår hypotes är att potentiell dödliga tumörer sannolikt är bättre på detta än mer ofarliga. Man vet från studier av andra cancerformer att farliga tumörer orsakar förändringar i det organ dit cancern senare sprids. Dessa förändringar sker för att de tumörceller som senare anländer ska kunna överleva, och processen har fått namnet pre-metastatisk nisch. Bl.a. har man sett att immunsystemet hämmas och nybildning av kärl ökar. Det är vanligt att metastaser uppstår i närliggande lymfkörtlar innan uppkomst av metastaser i andra organ. Dock är väldigt lite känt om pre-metastatiska förändringar i lymfkörtlar eftersom den forskning som hittills är gjord främst har tittat på andra organ. Inom prostatacancer finns det förvånande få studier av premetastatiska nischer överhuvudtaget, och man vet därför inte om de alls förekommer eller vilka förändringar som i så fall sker. Vår grupp har tidigare myntat uttrycket TINT som står för Tumor Instructed (Indicating) Normal Tissue (TINT är ett engelskt verb som betyder färga) och syftar på förändringar i normal vävnad som inducerats av tumören, dvs. att tumörer färgar av sig på omgivningen. Det kan vara förändringar i normal vävnad nära tumören, som i det här fallet resten av prostatan, eller i vävnad långt ifrån tumören som till exempel regionala lymfkörtlar, lungor och benmärg. Syftet med det här avhandlingsarbetet var att undersöka TINT-förändringar inducerade av aggressiv cancer och se om dessa skiljer sig från TINT-förändringar inducerade av mindre farliga tumörer, samt att utvärdera om någon TINT-förändring skulle kunna användas för att prognostisera vilka patienter som har hög risk att få metastaser. Vi har använt oss av en prostatacancer-modell i råtta där vi analyserat genoch proteinuttryck i pre-metastatiska regionala lymfkörtlar, tumörer och prostata-TINT (dvs. prostatavävnad utanför tumören). TINT-förändringar inducerade av MatLyLu (MLL), en tumör med hög metastaserande förmåga, jämfördes mot TINT-förändringar inducerade av AT1, en snabbväxande tumör men med låg förmåga att bilda metastaser. Vi kunde vi se flera skillnader mellan modellerna. Genuttrycket i MLL-prostata-TINT indikerade en aktivering av cellulära funktioner som visat sig stimulera tumörväxt och spridning såsom celldelning, viabilitet, migration, invasion, och angiogenes (nybildning av kärl). I AT1-prostata-TINT var genuttrycket kopplat till samma funktioner men verkade istället inhibera dessa. Genom att titta på vävnaderna i mikroskop kunde vi se att MLL-tumörer rekryterade färre T-celler (som har en viktig funktion i immunsvaret mot tumören), men istället fler makrofager och granulocyter till både tumören och prostata-TINT (dessa typer av immunceller har visats kunna hjälpa tumörer att växa och sprida sig). MLL-tumörer hade också fler blodkärl och lymfkärl strax utanför tumören. I de regionala lymfkörtlarna från djur med MLL-tumörer visade genuttrycket tecken på försämrad antigenpresentation, samt immunhämning och/eller induktion av immuntolerans. Immuntolerans innebär att immuncellen inte längre reagerar mot det specifika antigen den blivit tolerant emot. Detta är vanligt förekommande hos individer med cancer och är ett sätt för tumören att undkomma immunförsvaret. I vävnadsprover av lymfkörtlarna kunde vi se färre antigenpresenterande celler, och liksom i tumörerna fanns det färre T-celler i MLL-modellen, något vi kunde se redan när tumörerna var väldigt små. CD169 är ett protein som bl.a. uttrycks av sinus-makrofager i lymfkörtlar. Dessa makrofager har en central funktion i att aktivera ett tumör-specifikt immunsvar. I råttmodellen kunde vi se att regionala lymfkörtlar från djur med MLL-tumörer hade lägre nivåer av CD169 än regionala lymfkörtlar från djur med AT1-tumörer, och då antalet sinus-makrofager visat sig ha prognostiskt värde i t.ex. tjocktarmscancer, ville vi se om det kunde vara så även i prostatacancer. Därför kvantifierade vi uttrycket av CD169 i metastasfria regionala lymfkörtlar från prostatacancerpatienter och såg att låga nivåer av CD169 medförde en ökad risk för att dö i prostatacancer. Sammantaget tyder resultaten på att MLL-tumören jämfört med AT1- tumören bättre lyckas förbereda omgivande vävnad för att gynna tumörväxt och spridning, både lokalt i prostatan men också längre bort från tumören i de regionala lymfkörtlarna. Våra fynd stämmer väl överens med aktuell tumörbiologisk forskning om hur tumörer påverkar sin omgivning. Något som inte visats tidigare är att miljön utanför tumören verkar skilja sig drastiskt beroende på tumörens metastaserande förmåga, samt att dessa skillnader går att se relativt tidigt under sjukdomsförloppet och förmodligen även långt bort från tumören. Vi har också visat att särskilt aggressiv prostatacancer verkar inducera en pre-metastatisk nisch i tumördränerande lymfkörtlar likt det som beskrivits i andra modellsystem och i andra cancertyper, men hittills inte i prostatacancer. Fler studier behövs för att bättre karaktärisera de förändringar som en potentiellt dödlig prostatacancer orsakar i andra vävnader, och för att ta reda på hur denna kunskap kan användas för att förbättra diagnostik och behandling.
Krüger, Konstantin [Verfasser], und Clemens [Akademischer Betreuer] Cyran. „Nicht-invasive Bestimmung des Differenzierungsgrades hepatisch metastasierter neuroendokriner Tumoren anhand der Radiomics basierten Bildanalyse von 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT-Daten / Konstantin Krüger ; Betreuer: Clemens Cyran“. München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233200690/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDroop, Johanna [Verfasser], Wolfgang A. [Gutachter] Schulz und Henrike [Gutachter] Heise. „Funktionelle Bedeutung langer nicht-codierender RNAs in der Regulation squamöser Differenzierung in Urothelkarzinomen und Kopf-Hals-Tumoren / Johanna Droop ; Gutachter: Wolfgang A. Schulz, Henrike Heise“. Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1209736926/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMOSCHETTI, Marta. „Tumor-derived exosomes as factors that promote metastatic niche formation: evaluation of the effects induced by colon cancer derived exosomes on functional activities and structural features of Hepatocytes“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10447/580510.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBalenci, Laurent. „Etude de la protéine IQGAP1 dans un contexte physiologique de la neurogenèse adulte et dans un contexte pathologique de tumeurs cérébrales“. Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129290.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa protéine IQGAP1, que nous avons étudiée dans le cerveau dans un contexte physiologique et pathologique, s'est révélée être un nouveau marqueur de cellules souches/progénitrices normales et tumorales. A travers une étude comparative de souris sauvages et iqgap1-/-, nous avons analysé les propriétés et le comportement in vivo comme in vitro des cellules souches/progénitrices neurales. Nous avons démontré qu'IQGAP1 joue un rôle dans la neurogenèse adulte en régulant la migration des cellules progénitrices neurales en réponse au VEGF, facteur pléïotropique intervenant notamment dans la neurogenèse et l'angiogenèse tumorale. D'autre part, dans un contexte tumoral de gliomes humains et chimio-induits chez le rat, la caractérisation de cette protéine dans des cellules souches/progénitrices tumorales au sein de tumeurs malignes a permis d'attribuer un rôle putatif à la protéine IQGAP1 dans l'expansion tumorale par la dissémination de ces cellules cancéreuses. L'identification et la caractérisation de tous les mécanismes environnementaux régulant la motilité et la migration des précurseurs neuraux normaux pourraient s'avérer utile pour la compréhension des mécanismes d'invasion tumorale et pour le développement de thérapies anti-cancéreuses plus efficaces.
Romain, Benoît. „Etude des mécanismes moléculaires et cellulaires impliqués dans la formation des niches métastatiques dans le cancer colorectal : intérêt d’une inhibition ciblée des axes mTOR/HIF-1 alpha et CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDespite the recent development of new targeted chemotherapies, metastatic colorectal cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths in western countries. A better understanding of metastatic process would improve survival. Since the role of mTOR/HIF1α and CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axes in metastasis formation, our objectives were: i) to analyze extensively CXCL12 status in a collection of polyps and colon tumors whatever stages and phenotypes; ii) to study the role of hypoxia in CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 signaling pathway in vitro and on tumor cells migration. We have shown that the CXCL12 extinction is a systematic early event during colorectal carcinogenesis. CXCL12 loss expression may be regulated by histone acetylation mechanism. There is a differential CXCR4 and CXCR7 expression in colon tumors. Increased CXCR7 expression in metastasis compared to early stages underlines the importance of this axis in metastatic process. We have shown for the first time that CXCR4 expression remained stabilized at the cell membrane 24 hours after a transient passage in hypoxia. It could explain circulating cells are attracted in metastatic niches under CXCL12 gradient. Drug combinations with chalcone and irinotecan are an original approach for inhibiting cell migration in vitro. Finally, we have initiated the development of a metastatic model of colon cancer with orthotopic colon human tumors xenograft in NUDE mice to test new therapeutic approaches in vivo
Rosentraeger, Markus Johannes [Verfasser], Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Röcken und Heiner [Gutachter] Mönig. „Funktionell aktive versus funktionell nicht aktive, sporadische, Gastrin produzierende, neuroendokrine Tumoren des Duodenum : Vergleich von histopathologischen Merkmalen, Lokalisation, funktioneller Aktivität, biologischem Verhalten und Follwo-Up / Markus Johannes Rosentraeger ; Gutachter: Heiner Mönig ; Betreuer: Christoph Röcken“. Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1215101333/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTholen, Anika Christiane Katharina [Verfasser], Hans C. W. E. [Akademischer Betreuer] Geinitz und Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Molls. „Verträglichkeit und Effektivität von Radiochemotherapie bei älteren Patienten mit malignen Tumoren im Kopf- und Halsbereich, Ösophaguskarzinom und nicht-kleinzelligem Bronchialkarzinom / Anika Christiane Katharina Tholen. Gutachter: Hans C.-W. E. Geinitz ; Michael Molls. Betreuer: Hans C.-W. E. Geinitz“. München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1012187039/34.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle„Investigating the Role of the Perivascular Niche on Glioma Stem Cell Invasion in a Three-Dimensional Microfluidic Tumor Microenvironment Model“. Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.57302.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Biomedical Engineering 2020
Facklam, Heide. „Angiogenese in polypoiden neoplastischen und nicht-neoplastischen Tumoren des Kolon und Rektum“. 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014189153&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDagdelen, Olcay [Verfasser]. „Nicht-invasive Dignitätsbestimmung von HNO-Tumoren mittels Positronenemissionstomographie / vorgelegt von Olcay Dagdelen“. 2004. http://d-nb.info/972835377/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVahedi, Nadine [Verfasser]. „Früh- und Langzeitergebnisse nach Resektion von Lebermetastasen nicht-kolorektaler Tumoren / vorgelegt von Nadine Vahedi“. 2009. http://d-nb.info/994507976/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCartier, Régis [Verfasser]. „Verwendung von synthetischen NLS-Sequenzen für den nicht-viralen Gentransfer in humane Tumoren / Régis Cartier“. 2004. http://d-nb.info/971794316/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGroll, Mathias Jakob. „MALDI-TOF Untersuchungen an Zystenflüssigkeiten aus zerebralen Tumoren im Vergleich zu Liquorproben nicht tumorerkrankter Patienten“. 2017. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A31599.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLee, Ko-Chuan, und 李可圈. „Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Contribute to The Heterogeneous Cancer Stem Cell Niche and Promote Tumor Metastasis“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tu59sc.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle國立清華大學
分子與細胞生物研究所
107
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cancer cells known to initiate tumor growth, lead to drug resistance and drive tumor metastasis. Studies have shown that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) contribute to cancer stem cell niche and can regulate cancer metastasis. Our research indicated that two heterogenous subgroups of cancer cells in tumor responsed differently upon MSC-conditional medium (MSC-CM) treatment. MSC-CM elevated STAT3-Y705 phosphorylation in epithelial-type LM cells, and pY705-STAT3 took part in MSC-induced EMT and CSC property induction. STAT3-S727 phosphorylation was enhanced in mesenchymal-type HM20 cells, and contributed to MSC-induced proliferation, MET, and CSC property maintenance. To sum up, we demonstrated that MSCs can induce two-step metastasis cycle on two heterogenous subgroups derived from the same cancer cell line through STAT3-elicited promotion of CSC phenotype.
Prentl, Simon Q. [Verfasser]. „Handelt es sich bei einem lokal begrenzten Prostatakarzinom mit positivem Resektionsrand um einen organbegrenzten oder um einen nicht-organbegrenzten Tumor? / Simon Q. Prentl“. 2009. http://d-nb.info/998594490/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFranco, Lídia Mafalda Lopes. „Potencialidade das células estaminais no tratamento do cancro“. Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/46194.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAtualmente, o cancro tornou-se uma doença frequente e uma das principais causas de mortalidade em todo o mundo. Existem várias evidências que o cancro é uma doença de células estaminais. Compreender as propriedades e características das células estaminais tumorais (CETs) é crucial para a investigação na área da oncologia, nomeadamente no isolamento e identificação das CETs, no diagnóstico e na terapêutica do cancro. Os tratamentos anti-cancerígenos convencionais têm muitas vezes efeitos incompletos e temporários, diminuindo apenas o tamanho do tumor e este tende a recidivar devido, maioritariamente, aos múltiplos mecanismos de resistência existentes nas CETs. As CETs também necessitam de um microambiente particular para controlar o seu estado de auto-renovação e indiferenciação. Deste modo, as hipóteses terapêuticas que se focam em atingir as CETs e o seu nicho oferecem uma estratégia promissora no tratamento do cancro. O presente trabalho introduz a informação básica existente sobre as CETs, nomeadamente, a sua definição, origem e as principais características, incluindo a importância do nicho; descreve vários orgãos onde foi demonstrada a existência destas células; compara as diferentes técnicas utilizadas para isolar e identificar as CETs entre a população tumoral total; analisa os múltiplos mecanismos de resistência inerentes às CETs e enumera os principais alvos moleculares e de sinalização com potencial para ser utilizados no desenvolvimento futuro de terapêuticas anti-CETs. Desta forma, é dada uma visão geral do conhecimento atual acerca destas células e os potenciais agentes terapêuticos que estão atualmente em investigação.
Nowadays, cancer has been a frequent disease and the first or second most common cause of death worldwide. Mounting evidence has implicated that cancer is a disease of stem cells. Understanding the properties and characteristics of cancer stem cells (CSC) are key to future study on cancer research, such as the isolation and identification of CSCs, the cancer diagnosis, and the cancer therapy. The standard oncology treatments have incomplete and temporary effects that only shrink the tumor, and the tumor tends to relapse mainly due to the multiple resistant mechanisms existing in CSCs. CSCs also require a special microenvironment to control their self-renewal and undifferentiated state. Thus, therapeutic hypothesis that focuses on targeting CSCs and their microenvironmental niche offer a promising strategy in the treatment of cancer. The present work introduces the basic information about CSCs, namely, the definition, origin, and the main characteristics, including the importance of the de CSC niche; describes different organs where it was demonstrated the existence of these cells; compare different techniques used to isolate and identify CSCs among the bulk tumors; analyze the multiple resistant mechanisms inherent in CSCs and lists the main molecular and signaling targets that have the potential to be utilized for future development of anti-CSC therapeutics. Thus, it is given an overview about the current knowledge regarding CSC and the potential therapeutic agents that are currently under investigation.
Bellgardt, Tina [Verfasser]. „Nicht-bronchioloalveoläre Adenokarzinome und großzellige Karzinome adenoider Herkunft der Lunge : prognostische Faktoren für das 5-Jahres-Überleben unter Berücksichtigung der SP-A-Expression der Tumoren / vorgelegt von Tina Bellgardt“. 2008. http://d-nb.info/992044774/34.
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