Dissertationen zum Thema „Tubulins“
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Nacoulma, Aminata. „Reprogrammation métabolique induite dans les tissus hyperplasiques formés chez le tabac infecté par Rhodococcus fascians: aspects fondamentaux et applications“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209429.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAu sein de cette hyperplasie, les altérations métaboliques induites concernent non seulement les produits du métabolisme primaire mais également le métabolisme secondaire et plus particulièrement des composés qui interviennent dans les mécanismes de défense ou qui affectent la prolifération cellulaire végétale.
Dans le cadre de notre travail de thèse, nous nous sommes fixé deux objectifs principaux qui sont de caractériser les altérations métaboliques au niveau des tissus hyperplasiques de tabac mais aussi de rechercher des applications potentielles du point de vue thérapeutique de cette interaction.
L’approche métabolomique globale basée sur une analyse comparative des spectres 1H-RMN d’extraits bruts de tissus infectés et de tissus non-infectés couplée à des analyses statistiques de données multivariées (ACP, OPLS-DA) a été utilisé pour l’étude de la reprogrammation métabolique. Le résultat indique une accumulation de composés phénoliques et des métabolites de la famille des diterpènes dans les tissus de la galle feuillée.
Les activités biologiques des extraits de la galle feuillée ont ensuite été évaluées, notamment des activités antioxydantes (DPPH, FRAP), anti-inflammatoire (15-LOX) et antiproliférative (MTT). Il ressort de cette analyse une augmentation du potentiel réducteur et anti-radicalaire des extraits de la galle feuillée, une activité inhibitrice de la lipoxygénase ainsi qu'une activité antiproliférative sur lignées tumorales humaines, comparée à la plante non infectée.
L’étude des composés affectant la prolifération des cellules cancéreuses humaines a aboutit à la mise en évidence d’un mélange de molécules (F3.1.1) appartenant au groupe des incensoles (cembrènoïdes). Ces composés ralentissent la durée de la division cellulaire, affectent la taille des cellules et induisent des anomalies de la karyokinèse et de la cytokinèse des cellules de glioblastome U373. La dynamique tubuline/microtubule est identifiée comme étant la cible des cembrènoïdes (F3.1.1). L’effet des ces composés est original comparé aux anti-tubulines usuels tel que la colchicine et le paclitaxel. Le mécanisme d’action des incensoles est unique et donc prometteur du fait que la dynamique des microtubules reste une cible de choix dans le traitement des cellules cancéreuses.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bladh, Håkan. „Structure-activity studies of novel colchicine analogs synthesis, conformation and tublin binding /“. Lund : Lund University, 1998. http://books.google.com/books?id=1sBqAAAAMAAJ.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLo, Wai Hong. „Biochemical, structural and functional characterization of the light chains of the microtubule-based motor dynein /“. View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BICH%202003%20LO.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 133-154). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
Tang, Liang. „Characterization of tubulins from parasitic nematodes (Brugia malayi, B. pahangi and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis) and comparison with mammalian brain tubulin“. Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75933.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAkkari, Yassmine M. Nazih. „Investigation of tubulins in Aspergillus nidulans and Cyanidium caldarium /“. The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487942739806417.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBittermann, Elizabeth A. „The Roles of Tubulins in the Developing Mouse Brain“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523630790076922.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCheung, Po Yan. „Interaction between MKK6 and p150 glued dynactin is required for microtubule-mediated p38 MAPK activation /“. View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BICH%202002%20CHEUNG.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOn t.p. glued is superscript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-94). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
Washington, Ashley L. „FUNCTIONAL TESTS OF β TUBULINS IN DROSOPHILA SPERM TAIL MORPHOLOGY“. University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1229709260.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWashington, Ashley. „Functional tests of [beta] tubulins in Drosophila sperm tail morphology“. Dayton, Ohio : University of Dayton, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1229709260.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCushion, Thomas David. „Tubulin genes in human disorders of cerebral cortex development“. Thesis, Swansea University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678290.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBagonis, Maria M. „3D-QSAR of anti-mitotic, tubulin binding analogs using comparitive molecular field analysis (CoMFA)“. Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenOlson, Bradley Jesse Stanford Carnahan. „Biochemical analysis of the chloroplast division proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2“. Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed on Mar. 30, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 222-243). Also issued in print.
Menon, Kathleen I. „Assessment of the antiprotozoal activity of some tubulin inhibitors following cyclodextrin complexation“. Thesis, Menon, Kathleen I. (2002) Assessment of the antiprotozoal activity of some tubulin inhibitors following cyclodextrin complexation. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2002. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/201/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMenon, Kathleen I. „Assessment of the antiprotozoal activity of some tubulin inhibitors following cyclodextrin complexation“. Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2002. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/admin/view/adt-MU20040820.133836.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRamirez, Daniel A. Kane Robert R. „Synthesis of protected amino thymidines and new thiol derivatives of the vascular targeting agent combretastatin A-4“. Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDogra, Abhishek Pinney Kevin G. „Design and synthesis of dihydronaphthalene vascular disrupting agents and indolequinone-based bioreductives“. Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLiou, Anthony Kian-Fong. „Characterisation of the eukaryotic Chaperonin CCT“. Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362743.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRankin, Wendi Velando. „Evaluation of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, in canine urinary bladder tissues“. Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5790.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. "August 2008" Includes bibliographical references.
Zheng, Yixian. „Identification and study of [gamma] tubulins in Drosophila melanogaster and Homo sapiens /“. The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487841548269378.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMou, Yi. „Molecular analysis of the roles of NRSF in TUBB3 transcription control“. View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3742869X.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMou, Yi, und 牟奕. „Molecular analysis of the roles of NRSF in TUBB3 transcriptioncontrol“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38712799.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGiles, Natalie Lydia. „Exploitation of the protein tubulin for controlling African trypanosomiasis /“. Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060315.191003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMugabe, Benon E. Trawick Mary Lynn. „Structure-activity relationships and thermodynamics of combretastatin A-4 and A-1 derivatives as potential inhibitors of tubulin polymerization“. Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/3019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHall, John Jacobs Pinney Kevin G. Trawick Mary Lynn. „Inhibitors of tubulin, nitric oxide synthase, and HIF-1 alpha synthesis, biological, and biochemical evaluation /“. Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5193.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePilhofer, Martin. „Elucidation of the cell division mechanism and characterization of tubulins in the bacterial phylum Verrucomicrobia“. kostenfrei, 2008. http://mediatum2.ub.tum.de/doc/648344/648344.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuénette, Suzanne. „Characterization of Brugia pahangi b-tubulin genes and gene products“. Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70165.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoore, David Joseph. „Regional neuropathology and cognitive abilities in HIV infection /“. Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3083453.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleXie, Yanqi. „SEMISYNTHETIC AURONES: A FAMILY OF NEWLY DISCOVERED TUBULIN INHIBITORS AS ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS“. UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/biochem_etds/44.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMackeh, Rafah. „Mécanisme de l’hyperacétylation de la tubuline en réponse aux stress“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA114852.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeyond its presence in stable microtubules, -tubulin acetylation can be boosted after UV exposure or after nutrient deprivation but the mechanisms of this hyperacetylation are still unknown. In this study, we show that tubulin hyperacetylation is a general cell stress response, and aimed to characterize this response, to identify the stress-activated signaling pathway leading to its induction and the biological significance of this rapid and reversible phenomenon. We found that the major tubulin acetyltransferase MEC-17/-TAT1 is the main enzyme required for mediating tubulin hyperacetylation upon stress, and that it is regulated under normal conditions by the acetyltransferase p300. Upon stress, we show that the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leads to the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which in turn mediates MEC-17 phosphorylation, and probably its subsequent activation. Finally, we show that tubulin hyperacetylation induced upon stress participate in cell survival under stress conditions and in the induction of protective autophagy
Low, Chee Kin Andrew. „Characterisation and evaluation of novel potential target (tubulin) for antimalarial chemotherapy“. Thesis, Low, Chee Kin Andrew (2004) Characterisation and evaluation of novel potential target (tubulin) for antimalarial chemotherapy. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/165/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLow, Chee Kin Andrew. „Characterisation and evaluation of novel potential target (tubulin) for antimalarial chemotherapy /“. Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050930.125714.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleYakovich, Adam J. „Old targets and new beginnings a multifaceted approach to combating Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease /“. Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1193247442.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCao, Luyan. „bases structurales de la motilité des kinésines“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS267/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKinesins are a family of microtubule-interacting motor proteins that convert the chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work. Many kinesins are motile, walking along microtubules to fulfill different functions. Most kinesins are dimers, the monomer comprising a motor domain, a dimerizing stalk domain, and a tail domain. The motor domain contains both the nucleotide-binding site and the microtubule-binding site. I am interested in the molecular mechanism of kinesin's motility. In particular I want to establish the structural variations of the kinesin motor domain along with the mechanochemical cycle of this motor protein. During my thesis, I have focused my work on the human kinesin-1, also named conventional kinesin, which is the best characterized kinesin.I have studied two aspects of the kinesin mechanochemical cycle, by combining structural and mutational approaches. Both aspects rely on the binding of ADP-kinesin to a microtubule, which leads to the release of the nucleotide and to a tight kinesin-microtubule association. First I determined the crystal structure of nucleotide-free kinesin-1 motor domain in complex with a tubulin heterodimer, which is the building block of microtubule. This structure represented the main missing piece of the structural cycle of kinesin. Three subdomains in the kinesin motor domain can be identified through the comparison of my structure with ATP-analog kinesin-1-tubulin structure. The relative movements of these subdomains explain how ATP binding to apo-kinesin bound to microtubule triggers the opening of a hydrophobic cavity, 28 Å distant from the nucleotide-binding site. This cavity accommodates the first residue of the “neck linker”, a short peptide that is C-terminal to the motor domain, allowing the neck linker to dock on the motor domain. The docking of the neck linker is proposed to trigger the mechanical step, i.e. the displacement of the cargo and the stepping of the dimeric kinesin. By studying mutants of the neck linker, I have shown that, reciprocally, this peptide locks kinesin in the ATP state, which is also the conformation efficient for ATP hydrolysis. Doing so, it prevents the motor domain from switching back to the apo-state. It prevents also an untimely hydrolysis of ATP, before the mechanical step has occurred. These features are required for movement and processivity.Second, these structural data also suggest how the binding of ADP-kinesin to tubulin enhances nucleotide release from kinesin. To further study this step of the kinesin cycle, I studied the effect of kinesin-1 mutations. These mutations were designed in isolated kinesin to mimic the state when kinesin is bound to a microtubule. I identified two groups of mutations leading to a high spontaneous ADP dissociation rate, suggesting that there are two ways to interfere with ADP binding. Then I determined the crystal structures of the apo form of two mutants as well as that of the nucleotide-depleted wild type kinesin. It showed that apo-kinesin adopts either and ADP-like conformation or a tubulin-bound apo-like one. In the natural context, the second one is stabilized upon microtubule binding. Overall, the mutational and structural data suggest that microtubules accelerate ADP dissociation in kinesin by two main paths, by interfering with magnesium binding and by destabilizing the nucleotide-binding P-loop motif
Nayak, Tania. „Investigations of the Functions of gamma-Tubulin in Cell Cycle Regulation in Aspergillus nidulans“. Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1218557154.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrancisco, Samuel Nuno Furtado da Conceição. „Toxoplasma gondii Tubulin Cofactor B plays a key role in host cell invasion and replication“. Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Vterinária, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20149.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTubulin cofactors participate in the folding, dimerization, and dissociation pathways of the tubulin dimer, being implicated in the control of tubulin proteostasis and consequently in the control of microtubule (MT) dynamics in vivo. We hypothesise that these proteins have a role in the regulation of MT cytoskeleton dynamics during Toxoplasma gondii host cell invasion. In this context, we characterized the Tubulin cofactor B (TBCB) in T. gondii. TBCB is a CAPGly domain-containing protein that together with TBCE, interact with and dissociate the tubulin dimer. The TBCB sub-cellular localization in T. gondii was studied using an in-house anti-TBCB serum. T. gondii lines overexpressing TBCB were obtained by random integration as well as TBCB conditional knockout lines by CRISPR/Cas9 system. TBCB transgenic clones were characterized by growing assays (plaque, invasion, replication and egress assays), western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopy (standard, confocal and super-resolution). TBCB showed a polarized localization, at the anterior region of the parasite, under the conoid and in close association with polar ring and subpellicular MTs. It did not present a clear co-localization with the apical complex secretory vesicles, although the interaction with rhoptries and micronemes cannot be excluded. TBCB overexpression lines showed a significant decrease in the capacity to form plaques, attributable to a proportional reduction in the capacity to invade. No differences were observed in replication and egress assays. The TgTBCB knockout line, showed a complete depletion of the protein and a viability no longer than a week. These lines showed a strong reduction in their capacity to invade the host cell and in their replication rate. In the absence of TBCB, cells have an altered axis of division resulting in abnormal division. Some parasites show the loss of the correct division axis and some parasites have four daughter cells forming inside instead of two. TBCB is a polarity marker in T. gondii and is involved in the invasion and replication processes. Its apical localization, together with TBCB mammalian partners already described (MT associated proteins) and the invasion phenotypes, suggest that TBCB can be involved in the intracellular traffic of secretory vesicles depending on MTs. Importantly, TBCB is an essential protein, constituting a good target for new control strategies.
RESUMO - O Cofactor B da Tubulina de Toxoplasma gondii tem um papel central na invasão da célula hospedeira e na replicação - Os parasitas protozoários pertencentes ao Filo Apicomplexa são agentes patogénicos responsáveis por um vasto leque de doenças. Apesar da grande biodiversidade deste filo, os mecanismos moleculares adjacentes ao processo de invasão das células hospedeiras parecem ser conservados entre as diferentes espécies. O processo de invasão das células hospedeiras tem gerado grande interesse em vários grupos, incluindo o nosso, visto ser um importante alvo para o delineamento de estratégias médicas profilácticas e terapêuticas. Assim, nos últimos anos o nosso grupo tem vindo a interessar-se pelo estudo e compreensão do envolvimento do citoesqueleto de microtúbulos, tanto do parasita como da célula hospedeira, no processo de invasão. Os nossos resultados anteriores em Besnoitia besnoiti mostraram que este parasita, aquando da interação com a célula hospedeira, sofre alterações dramáticas na sua forma e superfície, acompanhadas pela remodelação de estruturas específicas de microtúbulos (MTs), nomeadamente os MTs subpeliculares. Estas alterações foram evidenciadas através de uma marcação distinta da tubulina na zona posterior do parasita. Para além disso, o citoesqueleto de MTs da célula hospedeira também responde à entrada do parasita, resultados que, posteriormente, foram também obtidos em Toxoplasma gondii. Estudos anteriores em T. gondii demonstraram que os MTs subpeliculares são muito estáveis. Esta estabilidade está possivelmente relacionada com modificações pós-traducionais (MPT) da tubulina, uma vez que, ao contrário dos vertebrados, estes organismos possuem uma família multigénica de α- e β-tubulinas composta por um número reduzido de membros. As MPTs referidas parecem modelar a interação dos MTs com as proteínas que lhes estão associadas. Mais ainda, em T. gondii, foram descritas proteínas que cobrem os MTs, num padrão complexo e definido, e que são importantes para a estabilidade dos mesmos. Deste modo, as proteínas que interagem com os MTs podem desempenhar um papel crucial na regulação do citoesqueleto do parasita aquando da invasão da célula hospedeira. Outras proteínas importantes para a regulação da dinâmica do citoesqueleto de MTs são os cofactores da tubulina, os quais participam nas vias de “folding”, dimerização e dissociação do dímero de tubulina. Estes cofatores controlam a proteostase da tubulina, através do controlo da “pool” de tubulina solúvel, participando na regulação da dinâmica dos MTs in vivo. Consequentemente, estas proteínas são candidatas a desempenhar um papel crucial nas modificações observadas no citoesqueleto de MTs do parasita aquando da invasão da célula hospedeira. Neste contexto o nosso objetivo principal foi avaliar e caracterizar o papel do Cofator B da Tubulina (TBCB de “Tubulin-binding cofactor B”) em T. gondii. Esta é uma proteína relativamente pequena que possui um domínio CAP-Gly na sua extremidade C-terminal e um domínio semelhante à ubiquitina (UBL de “ubiquitin-like”) na extremidade N-terminal. Em conjugação com o Cofactor E da tubulina (TBCE de “Tubulin binding cofactor E”), o TBCB dissocia o dímero de tubulina, controlando desta forma a “pool” de tubulina solúvel disponível na célula e consequentemente a dinâmica do citoesqueleto de MTs. A escolha do parasita protozoário T. gondii como modelo biológico deve-se ao facto de o mesmo possuir um genoma totalmente sequenciado e bem anotado, juntamente com o vasto conjunto de ferramentas disponíveis para a sua manipulação genética. Neste trabalho identificámos o gene do Tbcb em T. gondii, analisámos os níveis de expressão por RT-PCR durante o processo de invasão da célula hospedeira e de replicação, estudámos a localização intracelular do TgTBCB usando um anticorpo produzido no nosso laboratório e recorrendo a microscopia confocal e de super resolução, examinámos o fenótipo de TBCB em excesso (sobre-expressão por integração ao acaso) e de ausência do TBCB (deleção do gene utilizando o sistema CRISPR/Cas9). Nestes dois últimos casos foram criadas e selecionadas linhas transgénicas de parasitas, as quais foram analisadas em ensaios de crescimento (formação de pacas, invasão, replicação e egresso) bem como por western blot e por microscopia de fluorescência. Da análise dos níveis da expressão do Tbcb de T. gondii durante o processo de invasão e de replicação do parasita na célula hospedeira, notámos uma diminuição significativa dos níveis de expressão às 4 horas após a invasão da célula hospedeira, à qual se seguiu uma fase de recuperação desses níveis. Quanto à localização sub-celular do TgTBCB, observámos que em T. gondii esta proteína tem uma localização polarizada, estando localizada essencialmente no polo anterior, junto do conoide, podendo, por vezes, ser também observada uma marcação menos abundante no polo posterior. Constatámos ainda que o TgTBCB co-localiza parcialmente com as proteínas 2 e 3 das micronemas e com a tubulina glutamilada. Foi ainda possível constatar que na região apical o TBCB em T. gondii parece co-alinhar com os MTs subpeliculares, MTs que afunilam para estarem ancorados ao anel polar. Desta forma, o TBCB também parece estar junto ou imediatamente abaixo ao anel polar apical. Observámos que o excesso de TgTBCB causa uma queda acentuada na capacidade de formar placas de lise em tapetes celulares, a qual foi acompanhada de forma proporcional por uma diminuição notória dos níveis de invasão de células pelos parasitas. Curiosamente, não verificámos qualquer alteração na replicação ou no egresso dos mesmos. Em relação à deleção do gene Tbcb do parasita, 72 horas após a indução da CRISPR/Cas9 comprovámos a completa ausência de TgTBCB por western blot. Observámos também que a viabilidade dos parasitas sem TgTBCB não supera uma semana e que após a indução da deleção do gene, os parasitas demonstraram uma enorme redução na capacidade de invasão e também de replicação. Isto é, os poucos parasitas que conseguiam invadir as células hospedeiras apresentavam enormes problemas na replicação. Por western blot, nos extratos proteicos insolúveis, notámos uma diminuição nos níveis de a-tubulina, tubulina acetilada e poliglutamilada. Estes resultados também foram confirmados por imunofluorescência. Constatámos ainda que os parasitas sem TgTBCB apresentavam vários problemas de divisão, entre eles a alteração do eixo de divisão, a perda do controlo da divisão e a formação de células com morfologia arredondada, compatível com a perda de polaridade. Por microscopia eletrónica observámos também a perda de polaridade dos parasitas bem como a presença de núcleos de dimensões muito superiores ao normal ou dois núcleos dentro da célula, sem que a divisão celular tivesse sido concluída. Concluindo, o TgTBCB é uma proteína com uma localização polar, sendo observada no polo anterior abaixo do conoide e junto ao anel apical polar, acompanhado os MTs subpeliculares na região apical. A sua co-localização parcial com as proteínas das micronemas e com os MTs subpeliculares, bem como os seus parceiros já descritos em células de mamífero (proteínas de ligação aos MTs), juntamente com o fenótipo de invasão, sugerem que esta proteína em T. gondii poderá estar envolvida no tráfego vesicular ao longo dos MTs subpeliculares. A sobre-expressão do TgTBCB demonstrou a importância desta proteína no processo de invasão e a sua deleção provou que é essencial quer para a invasão quer para a replicação do parasita, visto que na ausência de TgTBCB há um comprometimento irreversível do citoesqueleto de MTs do parasita, levando à morte em menos de uma semana. Este fenótipo, aparentemente, está associado à diminuição dos MTs subpeliculares bem como à impossibilidade de formar novos MTs nas células filhas. Em suma, o TgTBCB é uma proteína essencial em T. gondii, podendo constituir um novo potencial alvo para novas estratégias de controlo e tratamento do parasita.
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Gherbovet, Olga. „Synthèse d'hybrides vinblastine-phomopsine“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00925057.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAillaud, Chrystelle. „Modifications post-traductionnelles de la tubuline : identification des tubulines carboxypeptidases et découverte de nouveaux variants“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAV049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePerrin, Aurélie. „Rôle des alpha-tubulines fongiques dans la symbiose ectomycorhizienne et dans les interactions champignons plantes“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn all terrestrial ecosystems, plants live in close interaction with numerous fungi. The interaction has a negative or positive effect on host plant depending upon the pathogenic or symbiotic status of the fungus. The establishment of these interactions is based on a tightly regulated molecular dialog between symbiotic partners. Previous studies on the ectomycorrhizal fungi, Hebeloma cylindrosporum associated with maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), created a collection of mutants affected in their mycorrhizal abilitiy. The aim of my thesis was to characterize one of these mutants affected in a gene, Hctubα2, encoding an alpha tubulin. Tubulins are eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins involved in microtubules formation. Fungi have one or two alpha-tubulin. For example, H.cylindrosporum has two alpha-tubulin. The site of mutagenic DNA insertion in fungal genome was characterized. I studied the expression of both alpha-tubulins during the establishement of mycorrhizal interaction. Results showed that the two genes are differentially expressed during the interaction with host plant. At proteomic level, I studied the impact of the mutation comparing the two strains using 2D gel electrophoresis and sequencing differentially accumulated spots. Pathogenic fungi also bear two alpha-tubulins, as Botrytis cinerea. The hypothesis of the involvement of the alpha-tubulin 2 in pathogenesis was investigated. I created Botrytis cinerea mutants deleted for this gene. I also created translational fusions in order to visualize both alpha-tubulins in Hebeloma cylindrosporum and in Botrytis cinerea
Yagdi, Efe Esma. „Analyse du rôle des dérivés de polysulfanes de l’ail dans le réseau microtubulaire et l'autophagie : l’effet anticancéreux dans le cancer colorectal“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0281/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleColorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidemiological studies reveal an inverse correlation between the risk of developing colon cancer and a garlic-rich diet. Many scientific studies reported the anti-cancer activity of diallyl polysulfides (DAPS) derived from garlic in various types of cancer in vitro and in vivo. The best-known mechanism of action is the induction of mitotic arrest followed by apoptosis. Here tubulin is identified as a new therapeutic target for DAPS. Tubulin is fundamental in the progression of autophagy, an essential energy source for the development of advanced cancer, and autophagy activation plays a role of chemoresistance against the treatment of colon cancer.The hypothesis of this project is that garlic-derived DAPS interact with tubulin to alter the microtubule network organization responsible for the inhibition of cell proliferation and modulation of autophagy in colon cancer.First, we analyzed the impact of DATTS/DBTTS on the microtubular network. We have shown that DATTS/DBTTS interacts with tubulin by mass spectrometry. We have shown that the microtubule organization is altered in the three cell lines: HT-29 (BRAF mutated), SW480 (KRAS mutated) and SW620 (metastatic, KRAS mutated), which were more sensitive to DBTTS than DATTS. In a second step, we studied the anticancer activity of DBTTS in colon cancer. We showed that DBTTS induced mitotic arrest followed by cell death in all cell lines. Its anti-proliferative activity is validated in a 3D culture system and in vivo. We have also shown that the effect of DBTTS is comparable to microtubule altering agents. In a third step, we evaluated the impact of DBTTS in autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy is accompanied by accumulation of the p62 protein, which plays a survival role in HT-29 cells only.Altogether, we identified here autophagy as a survival mechanism during prolonged mitotic arrest depending the cell type. This study will allow us to consider targeted therapy according to the genetic profile of colon cancer
Bouissou, Anaïs. „Rôle de la tubuline gamma et des protéines associées dans la dynamique des microtubules“. Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1151/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMicrotubules are highly dynamic polymers, essential in cell division. They are often organized from the centrosome where the protein Gamma-tubulin plays an important role in microtubule nucleation. Gamma-tubulin acts within two main complexes: a small Gamma-tubulin complex (Gamma-TuSC) is essential for viability and assembly of a functional spindle, and a larger complex (Gamma-TuRC) is required for efficient mitotic progression. The role of Gamma-TuRC-specific proteins is not well defined. Using RNAi-mediated depletion in Drosophila S2 cells, I studied the function of these non-essential Gamma-TuRC proteins in microtubule organisation and dynamics. In interphase, I show for the first time that Gamma-TuRCs, localized along microtubules, regulate microtubule dynamics, acting as pause factors. In mitosis, Gamma-TuRCs are associated with all microtubule subsets, including astral microtubules. The loss of Gamma-TuRCs alters astral microtubule dynamics, correlated with spindle positioning defects. Together, these results demonstrate that Gamma-TuRCs regulate microtubule dynamics in interphase and in mitosis. We propose that Gamma-TuRCs are essential to mediate non-centrosomal functions such as organization of cell type-specific microtubule networks or spindle positioning
Calligaris, David. „Caractérisation du système microtubulaire par analyse top-down et protéomique d'affinité“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22951.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMicrotubule is one of the major targets in cancer therapy. Protein isoforms characterization is a complex issue in proteomic analysis. Yet is is crucial to highlight primary sequence variations and posttranslational modifications that are associated with physiological processes or pathologies. Thus overexpression of βIII-tubulin isotype, protein that make up microtubules, can have consequences on the regulation of microtubules dynamic properties and therefore tumors response to anticancer agents. Each tubulin isotype is distinguished by the last amino acids of their C-terminus. MALDI-ISD top-down analysis is of interest for tubulin isotypes characterization as βIII. In addition, specific fragmentation properties of this protein make possible its in situ study on tissue sections. Matrix choice and knowledge of proteins primary sequence are important parameters for MALDI-ISD experiments. As protein such as EB1, that presents high sequence homology with α1B-tubulin isotype C-terminus, is an interesting candidate for this kind of approach. This microtubule associated protein is the core of a protein netword that regulates microtubule dynamics such as in the cas of tumor angiogenesis. The interaction between EB1 and proteins with CAP-Gly domain is realized through its C-terminal motif -EEY and tyrosine seems to be the regulatory element. The development of an approach by proteomics affinity for the identification and the quantification by mass spectrometry of complex interacting with EB1 appears to be a prerequisite for the development of new compounds that inhibit this peculiar mode of protein-protein interaction in specific biological contexts
Khelifi, Ilhem. „Conception, synthèse et évaluation de nouveaux composés hétérocycliques analogues de l'isoCombrétastatine A-4 : vers des composés antivasculaires à effets secondaires amoindris“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS280.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCombretastatin A-4 (CA-4), is a natural antivascular agent isolated from a South African Sallow tree that selectively destroys tumor vasculature leading to ischemic necrosis. In 2016, the prodrug fosbretabulin (CA-4P) obtained designation as orphan drug in USA and Europe for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors and glioblastoma. Despite its importance as a therapeutic agent, fosbretabulin has shown chemical instability. In fact, the double bond form Z isomerizes to an inactive E form of the drug. Moreover, fosbretabulin is associated to several side-effects including cardiotoxicity. Our group succeeded in the design of a more stable and non-isomerizable form of CA-4 as isoCA-4 which exhibited similar biological activities as CA-4. It was thought that cardiotoxicity of CA-4 and analogs is probably due to the presence of the 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl A-ring however the latter seems to have an essential role for the cytotoxic and antitubulin activities of the drug. Despite the role of the trimethoxyphenyl ring, we have focused our challenges on the remplacement of this moiety by various heterocycles to reduce the cardiotoxicity and to put an end to this dogma. We have identified three new classes of heterocyclic and bis-heterocyclic antivascular agents. We have demonstrated that these "drug-like" molecules have excellent antiproliferative activities at nanomolar ranges, an antivascular activity superior to that of CA-4 and possesses a very high cardiac safety index. Regarding these results, we have been able to show for the first time that the replacement of the 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl ring of isoCA-4 by various heterocyclic systems is a promising approach to synthesize new antivascular agents having a low level of cardiotoxicity
Marzo, Más Ana. „Síntesis y evaluación biológica de análogos de colchicina“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400868.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis doctoral Thesis entitled "Synthesis and biological evaluation of colchicine analogues" is framed in the field of medical chemistry. The main objective of this Thesis is the synthesis of a series of colchicine analogues and their subsequent biological evaluation. So that, colchicine analogues in which the acetyl residue of the colchicine nitrogen atom is substituted by α-aminoacyl groups derived from amino acids, aliphatic acyl groups of various types and aroyl groups have been synthetized. As for the biological evaluation, the cytotoxicity has been tested in different cell lines, both tumor and non-tumoral, the effects on the polymerization of tubulin, both at protein and at the cellular level, and finally the antiangiogenic capacity and the antitelomerase capacity in tumor cells. To sum up it is worth to highlight that it has been shown that most synthetic analogues are more cytotoxic and more active than colchicine itself.
Quesnoit, Mélanie. „Régulation de la dynamique microtubulaire : implication de la tubuline GTP et de protéines associées aux microtubules“. Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA114811.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMicrotubules (MTs) are highly dynamic protein polymers essential for intracellular organization. In the work presented here we have studied different aspects of the mechanisms regulating dynamic instability of MTs. We have selected and characterised an antibody recognizing GTP-bound tubulin and the use of this tool has led us to propose a new model for the intrinsic mechanisms regulating dynamic instability of MTs. We also studied the influence of MT associated proteins and found that the molecular motor Kinesin-1 and the +end tracking protein CLIP-170 cooperate to build the interphase network whereas another protein of the CLIP family, CLIPR-59, preferentially binds unpolymerised tubulin and slows down MT growth in vivo
Chargari, Cyrus. „Evaluation préclinique de trois nouvelles stratégies de radiosensibilisation pharmacologique : modulation de p53/Mdm2, perturbation de la dynamique des microtubules et ciblage de MET/Aurora B“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInsufficient results of conventional chemoradiation have encouraged assessment of new targets for radiosensitization: intrinsic cellular pathways involved in radiation response, tumor angiogenesis, and nonvascular stroma. We have investigated these three strategies for pharmacological radiosensitization. First, we examined the usefulness of targeting p53/Mdm2 pathway in combination with irradiation. In vitro and in vivo results obtained in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NCSLC) showed that this strategy was promising for enhancing radiation efficacy. We also found encouraging results within several cell lines with a novel vascular disrupting agent targeting tubulin. This strategy enhanced radiation effects and also increased the antiproliferative effects of various chemotherapeutics. Finally, the most advanced preclinical development was obtained with a novel MET/AXL/FGFR inhibitor, which improved effectiveness of radiation therapy in vitro and in subcutaneous and orthotopic models of non MET-dependent cell cancer lines. This effect was not only related to an inhibition of stroma/cancer cell interactions, as it probably involved activity toward actors of cytocinesis. These studies, which are part of translational research, highlight the importance of preclinical investigations in the area of radiation research. Only rationale preclinical development will allow new standards to emerge for pharmacological modulation of tumor radiosensitivity
Karamtzioti, Paraskevi 1990. „Tubulin modifications in human gametes : from the oocytes spindle to the sperm flagellum : Characterization of tubulin post translational modifications in female meiosis and sperm pathologies“. Doctoral thesis, TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670643.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEsta tesis tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el perfil de PTM de los microtúbulos de ovocitos y espermatozoides humanos. Las estructuras ricas en tubulina juegan un papel fundamental en el comportamiento celular de los gametos humanos. Las mutaciones en la tubulina o proteínas relacionadas pueden afectar la maduración de los ovocitos y la motilidad del flagelo. En primer lugar, nos centramos en las modificaciones posteriores a la traducción (PTM) de la tubulina en el huso del ovocito y el flagelo del esperma. Caracterizamos el perfil de PTM del huso en ovocitos de MII cultivados in vitro y madurados in vivo, y comparamos los niveles de transcripción de PTM enzimas con dos grupos adicionales: GV y ovocitos que no maduraron. Además se estudió la regulación de la transcripción de los RNA mensajeros por el código del elemento de poliadenilación citoplásmica con experimentos en oocitos de Xenopus. Además, investigamos el patrón y los niveles de PTM de tubulina a lo largo de la cola del esperma y su correlacioón potencial con patologías como la astenozoospermia y la teratozoospermia.
Hage-Sleiman, Rouba. „Impact of tululin binding cofactor C (TBCC) on microtubule mass and dynamics, cell cycle, tumor growth and response to chemotherapy in breast cancer“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10085/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe proper folding pathway of α and β-tubulin into the α/β-tubulin heterodimers involve five Tubulin Binding Cofactors (TBCA to TBCE). TBCC plays a crucial role in the formation of polymerization-competent the α/β-tubulin heterodimers. To evaluate the impact of microtubule mass and dynamics on the phenotype and chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells, we targeted TBCC in human breast adenocarcinoma and developed variants of breast cancer cells with modified content of TBCC. We have shown that the modifications in TBCC expression level influenced tubulin fraction distribution and microtubule dynamics. Cell cycle distribution and the durations of mitosis and S-phase were altered. The proliferation rate in vitro was slightly modified whereas in vivo the TBCC variants presented major differences in tumor growth capacity. Chemosensitivity to antimicrotubule agents (paclitaxel and vinorelbine) as well as to gemcitabine was observed to be dependent on the cell cycle distribution of the TBCC variants. These results underline the essential role of fine tuned regulation of tubulin content in tumor cells and the major impact of dysregulation of tubulin dimer content on tumor cell phenotype, cell cycle progression and response to chemotherapy. A better understanding of how the microtubule cytoskeleton is dysregulated in cancer cells would greatly contribute to a better understanding of tumor cell biology and characterization of resistant phenotypes
Jürgens, Lukas Julian Christoph [Verfasser], Kristen [Gutachter] Rak und Michael [Gutachter] Sendtner. „Spatio-temporale Distribution der Tubuline und Tubulin spezifischen Chaperone im sensorischen Epithel der murinen Cochlea / Lukas Julian Christoph Jürgens ; Gutachter: Kristen Rak, Michael Sendtner“. Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213247543/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBosson, Anouk. „A la recherche de l'enzyme de détyrosination du C-terminus de l'α-tubuline“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENV025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMicrotubules control many aspects of cellular function. Those polymers of tubulin are involved in numerous events ranging from the maintenance of cell architecture to cell division and migration through the transport of vesicles and organelles. The post-translational modifications of the C-terminus of tubulin appear to be involved in the regulation of microtubule functions by recruiting different effectors at the growing end of microtubules. During my PhD, I focused on one of these post-translational modifications: the detyrosination/tyrosination cycle of the C-terminal α-tubulin. This cycle involves the enzymatic removal of the C-terminal tyrosine of α-tubulin by an uncharacterized tubulin carboxypeptidase (TCP) and the re-addition of a tyrosine residue by the Tubulin-Tyrosine-Ligase (TTL) isolated in 1975. On one hand, tubulin tyrosination is important in neuronal organization whereas TTL suppression in human cancers is associated with tumor aggressiveness. Those defects are in part due to the failure of microtubule partners to bind detyrosinated microtubules. My project was divided into three main parts. I have first studied EB1, a microtubule plus end tracking protein which recruits many proteins at the microtubule plus end. This protein ends with the same amino acids as does α-tubulin. As in tubulin, the tyrosine terminal is important for the binding of EB1 partners. I showed that EB1 does not exist under detyrosinated form underlying the TCP specificity. Then, I collaborated to identify the function of a carboxypeptidase family within which we thought we could find the TCP. Four members of this family are deglutamylating enzymes (CCP1, CCP4, CCP5 and CCP5). Three of them (CCP1, CCP4 and CCP6) can cleave the last glutamate of detyrosinated tubulin to generate tubulin without the last two C-terminus amino acids (Δ2-tubulin). However, none of them was identified as the TCP. I consequently developed a biochemical approach to find this enzyme. Extracts enriched in carboxypeptidase activity after purification steps from mice brain were analyzed by mass spec and bioinformatics. Some candidates are currently tested for their potential C-terminus α-tubulin detyrosinating activity. The tools developed here should allow for pending identification of the TCP
Mouton, Carole. „La podophyllotoxine et ses dérivés inhibant la polymérisation de la tubuline et/ ou l'ADN-topoisomérase II“. Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P153.
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