Dissertationen: „Trust governance“

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Brandstaetter, Thomas Horst. „Wasta-Triadic governance and trust in Jordanian business“. Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2011000/.

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Purpose: This research analyses the trust building and collective-action functions of Wasta in Jordanian business. Design/methodology/approach: This research analyses the collective-action function of Wasta in Jordanian business. By demonstrating the role of informal institutions and personal trust in economic cooperation, Wasta will be approached as a mechanism contributing to personal trust and reducing transaction costs. Wasta as a concept is introduced, and the historical development, its various functions and ethical ambiguity are discussed. Based on the review of Wasta-literature, a three-dimensional model of Wasta is presented. By connecting Wasta to the insights of new institutional economics and transaction cost economics a new perspective on Wasta as a potentially beneficial institution is provided. The trust-building function of Wasta is explored in detail by empirical analysis. The empirical section of this research is based on 28 interviews mostly conducted in Jordan. The sample consisted of two groups of respondentsone with 17 and the other with 11 interviewees. It analyses the role of personal trust in Jordanian business relations and identifies patterns of trust-building based on Wasta in business situations in which personal trust is required. Considering the important role of triadic governance as emerging in the interviews and the ethically ambiguous perception of Wasta in the current literature, a model based on game theory is developed to distinguish between harmful and beneficial categories of Wasta. Findings: The interviews revealed that personal trust between business partners is considered vital for the success of a business-relationship, anticipating a perceived ineffectiveness of formal institutions. The cornerstone of personal trust-building is structural embeddedness set up through middlepersons and the availability of traditional mediation mechanisms. Two phases of a trust creation process have been identified. In the first stage individual trustworthiness is explored through third parties prior to entering into cooperation and joint ventures. Trust emergence in the second stage is based on the availability of an intervening middleperson (Waseet), providing normative pressure and mediation in case of a dispute. Both stages are connected as middlepersons establishing new business relations face some moral obligation in the event of opportunistic behaviour or defection of the trustee, to whom references have been given. Intercession and mediation as dimensions of Wasta are interrelated and embedded in a cultural narrative of indigenous Arab traditions serving as antecedents of trust. Besides the structural function of network closure and an intervening third party, the processes of mediation and intercession as a culturally embedded habitus serve as social capital in situations in which personal trust is required. Based on the interviews a conceptualisation of Wasta and a typology of trust in Jordanian business relations are provided. Considering the ethically ambiguous connotations of Wasta in public and scientific discourse, it will be argued that it is not Wasta as such that leads to harmful results but structural conditions depriving actors of the options of voice and exit. These findings provide new knowledge and put this analysis at the forefront of academic research in this field.

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Berdin, Julia [Verfasser]. „Biobank-Governance : Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Trust-Modellen / Julia Berdin“. Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1160479917/34.

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3

Flowerday, Stephen. „Restoring trust by verifying information integrity through continuous auditing“. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/504.

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Corporate scandals such as Enron, WorldCom and Parmalat, have focused recent governance efforts in the domain of financial reporting due to fraudulent and/or erroneous accounting practices. In addition, the ineffectiveness of the current system of controls has been highlighted, including that some directors have been weak and ineffective monitors of managers. This board of director ‘weakness’ has called for additional mechanisms for monitoring and controlling of management, focusing on financial reporting. This problem intensifies in that today companies function in real-time, and decisions are based on available realtime financial information. However, the assurances provided by traditional auditing take place months after the transactions have occurred and therefore, a trust problem arises because information is not verified in real-time. Consequently, the errors and fraud concealed within the financial information is not discovered until months later. To address this trust problem a conceptual causal model is proposed in this study based on the principles of systems theory. The emergent property of the causal model is increased trust and control. This study establishes that mutual assurances assist in building trust and that information security assists in safeguarding trust. Subsequently, in order to have a positive relationship between the company directors and various stakeholders, uncertainty needs to be contained, and the level of trust needs to surpass the perceived risks. The study concludes that assurances need to be provided in real-time to restore stakeholder confidence and trust in the domain of financial reporting. In order to provide assurances in real-time, continuous auditing is required to verify the integrity of financial information when it becomes available, and not months later. A continuous auditing process has its foundations grounded in information technology and attends to the challenges in real-time by addressing the standardisation of data to enable effective analysis, the validation of the accuracy of the data and the reliability of the system.

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Hsiao-Chi, Chuang Doris. „Governance and trust : an institutional economics perspective on Taiwan's financial reform“. Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/a3c0a30f-bb7d-4f2b-9f1b-92567f810b60.

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Evolution of the financial system involves continual institutional changes for reform purposes. However, reform experiences differed considerably from one country to another. Why is it that some countries can effectively implement reforms to foster successful development while others fail to do so? This study takes a first step in answering this question. It aims to explain the variations of financial reform experience in terms of informal institutional influence and highlight the importance of governance in shaping the reform outcome. The thesis studies governance characteristics that influence Taiwan's banking evolu- tion and examines the development of both formal and informal institutions. It argues that development of Taiwan's banking sector has been path-dependent and significantly influenced by informal institutions, which held back its recent reform progress. The study comprises three parts: theoretical framework, quantitative statistical research and qualitative country study. It applies the analytical framework set out in the theoretical part and draws on empirical evidences from quantitative research to form the basis for an empirical investigation into the historical financial development and recent reform experience in Taiwan. At the conceptual level, the research adopts the New Institutional Economics (NIE) framework and argues that governance bears a decisive importance for an effective reform because it fosters trust in the institutions and facilitates the reform by encouraging cooperative behaviours among actors. It identifies that governance of financial service industry is perceived from institutional qualities of property rights protection, corruption prevention, and political stability. Using the case of Taiwan's banking sector, the research explores the sector has been shaped and conditioned by the institutional contexts in which it operates. It discovers that that the underdeveloped mechanism for creditors' rights protection, collusion between financial businesses owners and politicians, deadlocked political situation with China contribute to weak governance which amplified its 1990s banking crises. It is observed that government's behaviours did not transform with the reform to form new habits and thoughts under the influence of the institutional persistence, hence only had limited success in inducing policy enforcement. In terms of policy implications, the research encourages policy makers to study historical development and to build upon existing initiatives taking into account the path-dependent environment and informal institutional embeddedness of implemented projects.

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Orr, John Patrick 1950. „Trust and Governance in Hybrid Relationships: An Investigation of Logistics Alliances“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279315/.

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Transaction cost economics (TCE) theorists traditionally have classified transactions between firms as governed by either market or hierarchy. By assessing characteristics of the transaction - asset specificity, uncertainty, and frequency - firms choose the governance form which minimizes transaction costs, the costs of administering the business deal. During the 1980s, however, TCE has found itself unable to explain the proliferation of strategic alliances. These hybrid relationships seek the benefits of both markets and hierarchies, including quasi-integration, the control of assets without actual ownership. Further, hybrids tend to prefer trust-based relational contracting. TCE's acknowledgment of hybrids, however, raises other questions surrounding the behavioral assumptions which supposedly influence the transaction characteristic governance linkage. Various dissenting researchers have theorized that (1) trust is more dominant in business than opportunism (2) the behavioral assumptions actually function as variables in different contexts, and (3) trust offers an integration mechanism for behavioral variables.

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Alaieri, Fahad. „Ethics in Social Autonomous Robots: Decision-Making, Transparency, and Trust“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37941.

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Autonomous decision-making machines – ranging from autonomous vehicles to chatbots – are already able to make decisions that have ethical consequences. If these machines are eventually deployed on a large scale, members of society will have to be able to trust the decisions that are made by these machines. For these machines to be trustworthy, their decisions must be overseen by socially accepted ethical principles; moreover, these principles and their role in machine decision-making must be transparent and explainable: it must be possible to explain why machine decisions are made and such explanations require that the mechanisms involved for making them are transparent. Furthermore, manufacturing companies have a corporate social responsibility to design such robots in ways that make them not only safe but also trustworthy. Members of society will not trust a robot that works in mysterious, ambiguous, or inexplicable ways, particularly if this robot is required to make decisions based on ethical principles. The current literature on embedding ethics in robots is sparse. This thesis aims to partially fill this gap in order to help different stakeholders (including policy makers, the robot industry, robots designers, and the general public) to understand the many dimensions of machine- executable ethics. To this end, I provide a framework for understanding the relationships among different stakeholders who legislate, create, deploy, and use robots and their reasons for requiring transparency and explanations. This framework aims to provide an account of the relationships between the transparency of the decision-making process in ethical robots, explanations for their behaviour, and the individual and social trust that results. This thesis also presents a model that decomposes the stages of ethical decision-making into their elementary components with a view to enabling stakeholders to allocate the responsibility for such choices. In addition, I propose a model for transparency which demonstrates the importance of and relationships between disclosure, transparency, and explanation which are needed for societies to accept and trust robots. One of the important stakeholders of robotics is the general public and, in addition to providing an analytical framework with which to conceptualize ethical decision-making, this thesis also performs an analysis of opinions drawn from hundreds of written comments posted on public forums concerning the behaviour of socially autonomous robots. This analysis provides insights into the layperson’s responses to machines that make decisions and offers support for policy recommendations that should be considered by regulators in the future. This thesis contributes to the area of ethics and governance of artificial intelligence.

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Acan, Ali Ramlat. „Network Governance : The Role of Power and Trust in Mandated Collaboration Network“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-97484.

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Mandated collaboration networks are an overly studied topic in the field of public administration and management, with the emphasis on these studies however focused on the failures to accomplish its collaborative aims. The role that mandated collaboration networks play today in enabling societies and governments alike, to realize insurmountable challenges through their collaborative efforts is however not being paid as much attention as it should be, yet through it, huge socio and economic benefits are derived. This study recognizes the part mandated collaboration network plays by seeking to further investigate the role, power and trust play in influencing managers towards attaining efficiency. Data was collected from 7 managers from the public sector, with some public managers, tasked with the responsibility of playing oversight role and disbursing funds and other public managers tasked with implementing the services, all working towards achieving a regional goal within Västerbotten region. By conducting semi-structured interviews with them, the aim was to find out the daily encounters they faced in implementing their activities and achieving their goals. In order to analyze this study adequately, theories were derived from governance, principal agency, structuration theory, Long & Sitkin integrated trust and control framework that enabled me to come up with a conceptual framework. The findings of this framework were particularly insightful in regards to how managers in mandated collaboration network can use trust in ensuring that they achieve their desired efficiency goals. The findings show both power and trust in mandated collaboration network play a coordinative and regulative role in ensuring that the goals are realized. Calculative trust alongside formal controls can be used to address challenges that managers encounter in realizing their goals. Relational trust can also be nurtured, however at an interpersonal level or with peers that perform the same activities but not at an institutional level such as the mandated collaboration network. Attaining efficiency in the mandated collaboration network is however also further compounded by contextual matters both internal and external that hamper its attainment.

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Nkhata, Mwiza Jo. „Rethinking governance and constitutionalism in Africa : the relevance and viability of social trust-based governance and constitutionalism in Malawi“. Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25693.

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The failures of constitutionalism and good governance in Africa are well documented. Importantly, these failures have also highlighted the importance of constitutionalism and good governance in Africa. This study centrally explores the relevance and viability of social trust-based governance and constitutionalism in Malawi, specifically, and Africa, generally. Social trust-based governance and constitutionalism is an approach to governance and constitutionalism that is informed by the trust concept and is also fully mindful of local conditionalities in its operationalisation. By referring to the Constitution of Malawi and other pieces of legislation in Malawi, this study demonstrates that there is a legal basis for articulating and practising social trust-based governance and constitutionalism in Malawi. This legal basis stems primarily from sections 12 and 13 of the Constitution but is also supported by legislation like the Corrupt Practices Act, Public Finance Management Act, Public Procurement Act and the Public Audit Act. In spite of the fact that there is a basis for social trust-based governance and constitutionalism in Malawi it is evident that governance and constitutionalism in Malawi have not, so far, been practised in line with the stipulations of the social trust-based approach. The current approach to governance and constitutionalism in Malawi is heavily steeped in the liberal democratic tradition. In this connection, this study demonstrates the limitations of the liberal democratic approach to governance and constitutionalism in Malawi principal among which is the lack of autochthony. Since the apparatus of liberal democracy has subsequently become quite entrenched in Malawi and most African countries, it is argued that the way forward involves creating a synthesis out of liberal democracy and the norms, traditions and values indigenous to Africa. This study identifies the philosophy of ubuntu as being an important source of values and principles that can be utilised to confer some autochthony to governance and constitutionalism in Malawi, specifically and Africa, generally. The approach adopted in this study concedes that neither a rigid insistence on liberal democratic constitutionalism nor a strict adherence to ubuntu-based governance and constitutionalism can succeed in Malawi. The solution is to utilise values from both traditions in order to generate a viable approach to governance and constitutionalism. In this study, the viability and relevance of social trust-based governance and constitutionalism is demonstrated by reference to the relationship between the branches of government, public resource management and the accountability of public functionaries and citizenry empowerment in Malawi. This study argues that a social trust-based approach to governance and constitutionalism can improve the relations between the branches of government, reinvigorate public resource management and also enhance accountability of public functionaries and empower the populace in line with the Constitution’s vision. The Constitution, as the supreme law of the land, thus remains integral to governance and constitutionalism in Malawi.
Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Centre for Human Rights
unrestricted

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Fonseca, João Marcos Rodrigues da. „Da confiança organizacional ao comprometimento com o supervisor e com a organização:um modelo integrativo para a Administração Pública“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13305.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Administração Pública
Este estudo pretende avaliar em que medida a relação de influência da confiança organizacional sobre o comprometimento organizacional é mediada pelo comprometimento com o supervisor, verificar as relações entre as componentes dos três constructos e procurar diferenças nos níveis de confiança e de comprometimentos no local de trabalho na Administração Pública Central e Autónoma Local. Foi aplicado um questionário a 904 sujeitos em diversas entidades do Sector Público e com base na investigação quantitativa é proposto um modelo, com recurso a modelagem por equações estruturais. Os resultados obtidos sugerem a possibilidade por um lado de estabelecer relações de influência da confiança organizacional sobre algumas componentes dos comprometimentos investigados, por outro de identificar algumas relações em que o comprometimento com o supervisor é um mediador da confiança organizacional sobre o comprometimento organizacional e por último que existem algumas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas relações dos constructos entre os dois sectores públicos estudados. Existe a possibilidade de inferir que as recentes alterações gestionárias na Administração Pública portuguesa, na generalidade têm plasmado o Modelo da Nova Gestão Pública, estando ainda num estado embrionário o Modelo da Governança Pública, no que diz respeito a processos colaborativos no seio organizacional.
This study aims to assess the extent to which the relationship of influence of organizational trust on the organizational commitment is mediated by the commitment to the supervisor, check the relationships between the components of the three constructs and look for differences in confidence levels and commitments in the workplace in Central and Local Public administration. It was applied a questionnaire to 904 subjects in several public sector entities and based on quantitative research, proposed a model using modeling for structural equation. The results suggest the possibility on one hand to establish relations of influence of organizational trust on some components of the investigated commitments, on the other to identify some relationships in which commitment to the supervisor mediates organizational trust on the organizational commitment and finally that there are some significant differences in the relations of the constructs between the two studied public sectors. It is possible to infer that recent management changes in the Portuguese Administration in general have shaped the model of New Public Management, still being in an embryonic state the Model of Public Governance, regarding the collaborative processes within the organization.
N/A

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Brattström, Anna. „Trust in a Product Development Context : Drivers, Dynamics and Consequences“. Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Institutionen för Företagande och Ledning, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-2278.

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To trust is to accept vulnerability. We need trust when we are dependent on others to achieve what we want, but cannot predict with certainty how they will act. Product development represents such a situation. This activity means to deal with profound uncertainty; creating something that has not existed before. In the process, innovators builds on what has gone before and realizes the potential of their ideas with the help of those around them. Trust lies at the heart of this shared journey into the unknown. This thesis provides a dynamic and multi-level investigation into how trust develops in a context of product development and how trust can be repaired after being violated. A key contribution is the illumination of as yet underspecified connections between trust at the group level and the organizational level and the identification of novel mechanisms underlying inter-organizational trust repair. Moreover, the thesis suggests implications of trust for product development management. An important contribution in this area is a deeper understanding of how trust can function as an organizing principle, which enables the simultaneous pursuit of structure and creativity.

Diss. Stockholm : Stockholm School of Economics, 2014.

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Cook, Don Lloyd. „Governance Mechanisms as a Means of Increasing Consumer Trust in Online Exchanges: A Signaling Perspective“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26589.

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Many consumers seem to be uncomfortable or unwilling in making online transactions. This lack of trust stems in part from the online exchange process itself where consumers are deprived of many traditional cues that they would use to evaluate this process. This research focuses on consumer perceptions of regulatory governance in online exchanges and how signals of governance might act to increase consumer trust in online transac-tions. An experimental methodology was used to examine the effects of different types of structures on consumer perceptions and to provide direction for public policy makers as well as online businesses and private regulatory entities.
Ph. D.

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Burbidge, Dominic. „Trust and social capital in urban Kenya and Tanzania“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8ce0eac9-b9a6-4b61-b377-86e2805a7959.

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Stable networks of cooperation, through which persons act under assumptions of reciprocity, promise-keeping and trust, are necessary for any society to flourish. These relationships have been described as “social capital”, defined as the norms and networks that enable collective action. Whilst study of social capital has generated much attention from those interested in its consequences for economic development and social unity, there remains a certain gap within the social sciences between homo economicus assumptions of self-motivated behaviour and manifestations of social capital. This invites analysis into the causes of social capital, which is the question taken up in this thesis. Asking what necessary conditions facilitate social capital’s emergence, this study analyses trustful relationships in urban Kenya and Tanzania. Urban living acts as a litmus test to trust relations and helps expose the necessary forces for social capital’s creation. Alongside this, the research sites of Kenya and Tanzania assisted in controlling for historical and cultural factors that may blur causal accounts of social capital. The two countries share similarities in their political, social and economic histories and, at the same time, exhibit diverging political emphases since independence and resulting levels of citizen-on-citizen trust. The country-level similarities and differences thus help contrast the lower levels of urban trust found in Kenya against the higher levels found in Tanzania, allowing in-depth examination of the conditions that support social capital’s emergence. Evidence is offered firstly through qualitative exploration of the formation of trustful relationships in economically competitive scenarios. Study of a single social network of plastic-bag sellers in Mwanza, Tanzania, reveals the importance of early anchors of trust as zones of reputation-indication. The comparative experiences of local market-sellers in Kisumu, Kenya, and Mwanza, Tanzania, support understanding higher levels of trust to pervade in Tanzania than in Kenya, and evaluate the influence of ethnic homogeneity for community solidarity. Interviews with business owners of Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, proceed to offer insights on alternative, normative dimensions that may help explain different levels of trust found amongst citizens. To measure the quantitative extent of trust and particular factors influential for its formation, “trust games” were deployed in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam. The experiments were engineered to test areas of common knowledge, specifically ethnicity and the “social virtue” of integrity. Engaging with common knowledge variables in this way offered for analysis areas of mutual understanding between citizens. Alongside confirming higher levels of trust in Tanzania than in Kenya, the games revealed how common knowledge of ethnicity and integrity bore influential effects on levels of trust that were country-specific. Whilst common knowledge of ethnicity tended to have a negative impact on levels of cooperation in Tanzania as compared to Kenya, the effect was the opposite for the social virtue of integrity. The thesis’ central argument is that congruence between citizens on what marks out a trustworthy person is a precondition for relationships of trust to emerge; some symmetry in the moral discourse surrounding agency, character and reputation is thus critical for bringing about the economic and political benefits associated with social capital.

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Hatak, Isabella, Richard Lang und Dietmar Rößl. „Trust, Social Capital, and the Coordination of Relationships Between the Members of Cooperatives: A Comparison Between Member-Focused Cooperatives and Third-Party-Focused Cooperatives“. Springer, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-015-9663-2.

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In recent years, nonprofit scholars have increasingly studied the phenomenon of social enterprises which has become a generic term describing a wider reorientation among third sector organizations. The emergence of social enterprises has also led to a dynamic of hybridization and broadening in the cooperative sector, similar to an earlier dynamic of "economization", but this time on the other end of the organizational spectrum. This paper aims at developing a fine-grained conceptual understanding of how this organizational dynamic is shaped in terms of member coordination, thus contributing to a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of different organizational forms of cooperatives. Specifically, to highlight the difference to traditional member-focused cooperatives, the paper introduces the term third-party-focused cooperatives for those social enterprises which emphasize economic goals as well as control and ownership by a particular community (typically place-based). The key result of the paper is that with the shift from member- to community-focus in cooperatives, the main coordination mechanism becomes one of norm-based trust on the basis of generalized reciprocity. In contrast to traditional maxim-based trust member coordination on the basis of relation-specific reciprocity, this enables third-party-focused cooperatives to mobilize bridging and linking social capital, facilitating collective action aimed towards the community interest. The findings suggest that this identity shift requires a mutual re-positioning between the cooperative and the nonprofit sector, in terms of umbrellas as well as regulatory and legislative bodies.

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Mthombeni, Morris. „Towards a moderated-trust governance theory : explaining the dimensional structure of trust and distrust between a board of directors and a CEO“. Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/74829.

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Trust is a central feature in corporate-governance theory and practice. While trust is advanced as a motivational factor in dominant organisational theories and practices, it is conspicuously absent in corporate-governance literature. At one extreme, scholars discount trust, which leads to theories that characterise the relationship between governance actors as goal-conflicted and as something that potentially exposes organisations to distress. At the other, scholars approach trust as a given and characterise governance actors as locked in mutually beneficial relationships that inspire trust, even if organisational distress also occurs. Neither extreme characterisation has been useful in explaining how governance actors organise themselves to avoid or escape financial distress. Using a multiple-casestudy method, underpinned by a critical-realist perspective, this study provides an explicit exploration of trust and its complement—distrust—and explains the complexity of the trust relationship between governance actors such as chief executive officers, board chairmen, and board directors. This study seeks to demonstrate that distrust, as characterised within agency theory, and trust, as portrayed within stewardship theory, detract from understanding effective board task-performance. Some scholars have relied on proxy variables such as board composition and financial performance to assess board task-performance, but this often leads to weak theoretical explanations. Moreover, this study specifies how optimal levels of trust and distrust could explain effective board task-performance, which scholars have shown partially contributes to financial performance. This study proposes that optimal trust and distrust between governance actors occurs where levels of trust and distrust are simultaneously high. This study develops a theory of moderated-trust governance that is underpinned by generative processes with supporting propositions. Therefore, this study contributes to literature on both trust and corporate governance.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
PhD
Unrestricted

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Hartmann, Michael C. „Continuing Education for Board Directors an Empirical Study of its Effects on Directors, Boards and Public Trust /“. kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/www/edis.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/3506.

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Edwards, Charles Kumar. „A Framework for the Governance of Information Security“. NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/143.

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Information security is a complex issue, which is very critical for success of modern businesses. It can be implemented with the help of well-tested global standards and best practices. However, it has been studied that the human aspects of information security compliance pose significant challenge to its practitioners. There has been significant interest in the recent past on how human compliance to information security policy can be achieved in an organization. Various models have been proposed by these researchers. However, there are very few models that have tried to link human commitment attributes with information security governance of an organization. The research problem of this study was to identify the security controls and mechanisms to govern information security effectively. The proposed model was based on agency theory and comprises a relationship between human commitment variables (ethics, integrity and trust) with security governance variables (structural, relational and process) referred as systemic variables in the research. The resulting correlation is further related with governance objectives (goal congruence and reducing information asymmetry) to hypothesize an effective information security in an organization. The research model proposed was tested employing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). There were four models tested in this research. The first model (initial measurement model) comprised human variables linked with relational and the systemic variables linked with goal congruence and information asymmetry. This model could not get through the CFA tests. A modified model comprising human and systemic attributes related with goal congruence and information asymmetry, separately, was taken forward to SEM. This model returned low model fitment scores and hence two alternate models were tested. In the first alternative, the human attributes were related with goal congruence and systemic attributes were linked with information asymmetry. In the second alternative, the relationships of the first alternatives were retained and two alternate relationships were introduced - integrity was linked with information asymmetry and structural was linked with goal congruence. Both models are very close to good model fitment scores. However, the second alternative returned better results and hence, was chosen as the final outcome of the research. The model reflects that human attributes and systemic attributes are fairly independent in an effective information security framework, and drive goal congruence and information asymmetry, respectively. However, integrity is an important human commitment for ensuring information asymmetry and the right organizational structure and roles are important for ensuring goal congruence.

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Sotlar, Clouse Lenora. „Dynamics of Trust and Faculty Involvement in Community College“. ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7753.

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The complex dynamics of the phenomenon of trust, defined as a psychological state where one is willing to accept vulnerability based upon the positive expectations of a specific other or others, and the influence trust has on faculty involvement in institutional decision-making were explored in this case study. Faculty involvement is a key element of institutional success, yet many faculty at community colleges are not satisfied with their involvement or choose to remain uninvolved. Although researchers have established a substantial body of research on trust in organizations, a gap remains regarding the role trust plays in community college faculty involvement in key decision-making. The purpose of the current research was to address this gap by exploring the faculty experience of trust within the context of the unique social structure of 1 specific community college. The research question prompted an exploration of 1 specific college’s complex social and organizational structures by examining organizational charts and documents, while semistructured interviews with a purposeful sampling of 20 faculty members allowed for insight into the unique perspectives of community college faculty. Data were analyzed using the Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method looking for emergent themes. It was indicated that trust dynamics play a role in faculty involvement in decision-making. Themes emerged that support 3 types of trust and 5 facets of trust that are part of the faculty experience within the specific case. Results can be used to contribute to positive social change by influencing continuous improvement efforts in higher education, improving institutional effectiveness.

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Baz, Chamas Hassan A. „The Impact of the contextual factors on the success of e-government in Lebanon: Context-System Gap“. Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16045.

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Purpose: The relationship between context and e-governance has been gaining a significant momentum in academic circles due its social and technical complexities. There are many challenges posed by the disparity between the context and the system when it comes to e-governance in developing countries. This research aims to reveal more successful adoption of e-governance initiatives and exposes factors that hinder its implementation. We develop a conceptual framework showing the reciprocity between the context and the system or what is termed “Context-System Gap”. Therefore, this research will study the appropriateness of the context and its influence on the system and the influence of the system on the context. The purpose of this research is to explore the factors that enable successful e-government adoption in Lebanon, where e-governance is still at its initial stage. Most empirical research and theories on the implementation of e-governance in developing countries remain at the macro-level and miss out on the complexities of the context of deployment and the role of the gap between the citizens and the government. The purpose of this thesis is to provide an empirical model differentiating between the electronic context and the electronic system and shed a light over a new gap, government-citizen gap, in the adoption of e-government. Design/methodology/approach: Following previous research on e-government services adoption, this study uses several technology use and acceptance models and literature to examine the elements behind the adoption and use of e-government services in Lebanon from citizen and government perspectives. The research strategy is a quantitative method approach employing questionnaire. Quantitative data will be collected from e-government users (citizens) and statistical tests will be conducted in order to examine the relation between variables. Practical implications: The findings are useful for policy-makers and decision-makers to develop a better understanding of citizens' needs. The proposed model can be used as a guideline for the implementation of e-government services in developing countries. Originality/value: This study is the only one to examine the dimensions influencing citizens’ adoption of e-government technologies in developing countries using a unified model merging context and system elements.

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Habib, Farooq. „Interplay between network configurations and network governance mechanisms in supply networks a systematic literature review“. Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7879.

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Purpose: This work systematically reviews the extant academic management literature on supply networks. It specifically examines how network configurations and network governance mechanisms influence each other in supply networks. Design: 125 analytical and empirical studies were identified using an evidence-based approach to review the literature mainly published between 1985 and 2012. Synthesis: Drawing on a multi-disciplinary theoretical foundation, this work develops an integrative framework to identify three distinct yet interdependent themes that characterize the study of supply networks: a) Network Configurations (structures and relationships); b) Network Governance Mechanisms (formal and informal); and c) The Interplay between Network Configurations and Network Governance Mechanisms. Findings: Network configurations and network governance mechanisms mutually influence each other and cannot be considered in isolation. Formal and informal governance mechanisms provide better control when used as complements rather than as substitutes. The choice of governance mechanism depends on the nature of exchange; role of management; desired level of control; level of flexibility in formal contracts; and complementary role of formal and informal governance mechanism. Research implications: This nascent field has thematic and methodological research opportunities for academics. Comparative network analysis using longitudinal case studies offers a rich area for further study. Practical Implications: The complexity surrounding the conflicting roles of managers at the organisation and network levels poses a significant challenge during the development and implementation stage of strategic network policies. Originality/value: This review reveals that formal and informal governance mechanisms provide better control when used as complements rather than as substitutes.

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Roehrich, Jens Kurt. „The dynamics of inter-organisational governance : contractual and relational mechanisms in public-private supply arrangements“. Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520327.

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This research investigates the dynamic interplay of contractual and relational governance mechanisms in long-term supply arrangements. The thesis contributes to an emerging debate that examines the combination of contractual and relational governance in inter-organisational exchanges. Contractual and relational governance mechanisms have been positioned as precluding mechanisms, which may result in destructive effects if combined for governing inter-organisational relationships. Previous research studies have increasingly acknowledged that the use of contractual mechanisms does not exclude the use of relational mechanisms and vice-versa. However, the recent literature offers limited insights into the dynamic interaction of both inter-organisational governance mechanisms and their impact on overall performance. The analysis in this research utilises a conceptual framework and a number of theoretical lenses through which the dynamic interplay of contractual and relational governance mechanisms is explained. Based on empirical case analysis of six public-private supply arrangements across three sectors: healthcare, waste management and emergency services, the research explores the dynamic interplay of both governance mechanisms and their impact on overall performance. Retrospective case study data was collected deploying semi-structured interviews and the critical incident technique was used to investigate the governance interplay over time. The contribution to knowledge is a conceptual framework that refines contractual and relational governance components in supply relationships over time. The findings indicate the importance of the interplay between inter-personal and inter-organisational trust in combination with complex contracts and intermediate contractual agreements. From this the conclusion is drawn that organisations entering into long-term supply relationships need to deploy both contractual and relational governance mechanisms in combination in order to achieve better overall performance.

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Bygdén, Annika. „Tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning : En studie om rektorers syn på tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning i skolans styrkedja“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-76034.

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Syftet med denna magisteruppsats är att undersöka rektorers uppfattningar om hur en tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning kan förbättra skolans verksamhet och arbetsmiljön för skolans professioner samt hur tilliten i skolans lokala styrkedja kan ökas. Studien har en hermeneutisk kvalitativ ansats där en halvstrukturerad intervju har använts som metod. Intervjuerna utgick från en intervjuguide som grundades i Bringselius (2017) sju vägledande grundprinciper för styrning, arbetsorganisation och kultur som syftar till att öka tilliten i verksamheten. De sju vägledande grundprinciperna är tillit, medborgarfokus, helhetssyn, handlingsutrymme, stöd, kunskap och öppenhet. Resultatet visar att rektorers uppfattningar om tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning är att det finns olika sätt att skapa tillit i skolans styrkedja, både uppåt och nedåt, som gynnar skolans verksamhet och arbetsmiljön för skolans professioner. Mina slutsatser utifrån denna studie om rektorers uppfattningar om tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning är att det kan ge många positiva effekter både vad gäller skolans verksamhet och arbetsmiljön för skolans professioner. Enligt rektorerna kan mer tillit i skolans styrkedja ge ett större handlingsutrymme för medarbetare, vilket innebär att de kan påverka sin arbetssituation. Kärnan i tillitbaserad styrning och ledning är samarbete och helhetssyn, vilket enligt rektorerna, kan ha en positiv inverkan på skolans verksamhet eftersom kunskapen och kompetensen hos medarbetare tas tillvara och används direkt i verksamheten. Beslut fattas tillsammans med medarbetare som arbetar i verksamheten, närmare eleven, vilket innebär att besluten oftast gynnar eleven.
The purpose of this master's thesis is to investigate the principals´ conceptions of how trust-based governance and management can improve the school's operations and work environment for the school's professionals and how confidence in the school's local chain of command can be increased. The study has a hermeneutic qualitative approach where a semi-structured interviews has been used as a method. The interviews were based on an interview guide which was founded in Bringselius (2017) seven guiding principles for governance, work organization and culture aimed at increasing confidence in the organization. The seven guiding principles are trust, citizen focus, holistic view, scope, support, knowledge and openness. The result shows that the principals´ conceptions of trust-based governance and management are that there are different ways of creating trust in the school's chain of command, both upwards and downwards, which favors the school's operations and the working environment for the school's professionals. My conclusions on the basis of this study of the principals´ conceptions of trust-based governance and management is that it can have many positive effects both in terms of the school's operations and the working environment for the school's professionals. According to the principals, more confidence in the school's chain of command can provide a greater scope for the staff, which means that they can influence their work situation. The core of trust-based governance and management is collaboration and a holistic view, which according to the principals, can have a positive impact on the activities of the school, as the knowledge and competence of staff are utilized and used directly in the organization. Under such circumstances decisions are made together with employees who work in the organization, closer to the pupils, which means that the decisions usually favor the pupils.

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Karlsson, Gustafsson Moa. „Tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning : Vad behöver vi göra för att vara en myndighet i vår samtid?“ Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179890.

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A new reform was introduced by the Swedish government in 2016 called Tillit i styrning. This reform looked for a new way to govern the public sphere, from local- to national level by introducing the concept of trust. Different projects and round tables were coordinated by Tillitsdelegationen, who was the delegation in charge of the reform. The establishment of a trust-based perspective within the public sector was developed due to the sector being perceived relying too heavily on supervisory control and goal orientation. The delegation concluded their work during 2019 which resulted in the termination of the projects and round-tables with the authorities. This Bachelor’s thesis aims more specifically to research the implementation of trust within the public authorities, since they are central actors in the furthering of the Swedish governance and its democracy. It aims to further research why the reform was developed and constructed, as well as how five public authorities have implemented the reform. This has been done by analysing political documents as well as conducting five interviews with representatives from five public authorities. The study showed that trust was seen as an important tool for the furthering of an efficient and citizen orientated organisation. The public authorities both favoured the influence the reform could have on the governance structures and implemented it in a variety of ways but also emphasised the challenges which needed to be handled.

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Brown, Patrick. „The Impact of Clinical Governance and the Audit Culture on Paitent Trust : The Oppurtunity Cost of Instumental Rationality“. Thesis, University of Kent, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499812.

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Hafeez, Malik Muhammad. „The role of institutional shareholders in the UK approach to corporate governance : the possible contribution of duties under Company law and Trust law“. Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167710.

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Corporate governance refers to a complementary set of legal, economic and social institutions to protect the interests of corporate owners by securing long-term corporate stability. A corporate governance system is comprised of a wide range of practices and institutions, from accounting standards and laws concerning financial disclosure, through executive compensation, to the size and composition of corporate board all envisaging monitoring responsibility on the part of the investors to protect them from expropriation by managers. Managers’ power and prestige in running a large and powerful corporation give them superior access to inside information and thus a privileged position as compared to the numerous and dispersed shareholders. The principal concern of the present work is the UK-model of corporate governance and the role of institutional shareholders in the governance of their investee companies listed on the London Stock Exchange. The proportion of the listed UK equity market owned by major shareholders grew enormously between the early 1960s and 2008. Whereas in the early 1930s, individual investors had 80% of the securities traded on the London Stock Exchange, now the ownership structure of public listed companies has significantly changed so that institutional investors have become the dominant players on the British financial market with 88.7% share-ownership of listed companies. This significant growth of institutional ownership has coincided with the emergence of self-regulatory corporate governance practices. The British model has played a pioneering role for the development of a self-regulatory approach to corporate governance framework from the Code of Best Practices 1992 to the Combined Code 2008 and the UK Corporate Governance Code 2010 and the Stewardship Code 2010. The self-regulatory approach on the basis of the ‘comply or explain’ principle adopted by the British model has now been in operation for the last two decades. The operational flexibility of the ‘comply or explain’ approach not only encourages the companies to adopt the general spirit of the code rather than the letter but also takes into account the monitoring responsibility of the institutional investors. This latter feature of the UK approach is based on the assumption that institutions have an economically-rational self-interest to monitor and actively engage with their investee companies to evaluate the veracity of their disclosure statements and thus to protect their investments.The crucial question asked by this thesis, however, is why institutional investors are not behaving as the model expects them to and thus why they have in fact been acting as ‘absentee owners’. Their perfunctory monitoring behaviour by adopting a ‘box-ticking’ approach on the basis of a ‘comply or perform’ analysis appears to have contributed significantly to the financial crisis. This thesis moves on from this observation, however, in order to consider whether there is anything that can be done to improve the monitoring behaviour of institutional investors. In this regard, it begins by noting that institutional investors are not homogeneous; some are companies while others are trusts; they face different problems of collective action, short-termism, conflicts of interest and managerial manipulation. The thesis accordingly considers whether there are any existing powers and remedies within company law and trust law that could be brought to bear in order to encourage or even enforce improved monitoring by institutional investors within the UK’s corporate governance model, which even in the aftermath of the financial crisis remains steadfastly wedded to self-regulation.

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Isaksson, Anders. „Studies on the venture capital process“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-851.

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Buchanan, John. „Corporate Governance and the Shareholder: Asymmetry, Confidence, and Decision-Making“. ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3751.

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In the decade following the ten-plus percent stockmarket collapse of 2000, regulators enacted a myriad of regulations in response to increasing angst experienced by U.S. capital market retail investors. Systemic asymmetric disclosures have fractured investor confidence prompting many commentators to characterize the relationship between Wall Street and the investment community on main street as dire. Though copious works exist on the phenomenon of corporate behaviors, especially matters of shareholder welfare, weak boards, pervious governance mechanisms, and managerial excess, current literature has revealed a dearth in corporate governance praxis specific to the question and effects of asymmetric disseminations and its principal impact on the retail/noninstitutional accredited investor's (NIAI) confidence and decision-making propensities. This phenomenological study is purposed to bridging the gap between the effects of governance disclosure and the confidence and decision-making inclinations of NIAIs. Conceptual frameworks of Akerlof's information theory and Verstegen Ryan and Buchholtz's trust/risk decision making model undergirded the study. A nonrandom purposive sampling method was used to select 21 NIAI informants. Analysis of interview data revealed epistemological patterns/themes confirming the deleterious effects of asymmetrical disseminations on participants' investment decision-making and trust behaviors. Findings may help academicians, investors, policy makers, and practitioners better comprehend the phenomenon and possibly contribute to operating efficiencies in the capital markets. Proaction and greater assertiveness in the investor/activist community may provide an impetus for continued regulatory reforms, improved transparency, and a revitalization of public trust as positive social change outcomes.

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Fiddler, Jay. „Negotiating trust in the Canadian blood system : governance and the politics of public accountability in the wake of the tainted blood scandal“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34787.

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Blood and its derivatives are critical public health resources. Therefore, the ability to ensure a sufficient and safe supply of blood is a central role for governments and blood organizations. The challenges involved in ensuring this complex resource became evident following the contamination of blood supplies in the 1980s and 1990s with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C (HCV). In Canada, this became known as the “tainted blood scandal”, with approximately 2000 people infected with HIV and more than 160,000 people infected with HCV through contaminated blood products. This crisis resulted in the loss of public trust in the Canadian blood system and in those responsible for its management. The public outcry led blood experts and governments to adopt more efficient ways of anticipating and managing emergent threats to blood safety by implementing the precautionary principle. These efforts also aimed to retain their legitimacy and rebuild public trust by integrating formal mechanisms of stakeholder engagement in risk governance. By using stakeholder engagement as a case study, this study focuses on the institutional processes of rebuilding trust in the Canadian blood system following the tainted blood scandal. The analysis describes competing ideas about trust, risk and responsibility in the blood system and traces the influence of stakeholders groups such as the hemophilia community and other blood consumer organizations. The findings suggest that stakeholder engagement primarily serves the interests of the blood operator by enhancing its reputation as a responsible manager of the blood system. It also diverts attention away from the role of the state in managing blood risk through expert systems and a policy of strict adherence to the precautionary principle. The analysis also demonstrates that stakeholder engagement can also serve as an alternative form of power and influence for hemophilia consumers. As victims of tainted blood, these consumers are able to play a unique role in endorsing blood safety and thus helping to rebuild reputation and public trust. However, because of this role they may also become an organizational risk if their interests are not reflected in blood policy.

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Skogman, Hans, und Johanna Johansen. „Bolagsstyrning på First North : Hur ska förtroendent stärkas gentemot investerare?“ Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-25551.

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I en allt mer globaliserad värld ökar betydelsen för ett lands ekonomi att stora konkurrenskraftiga bolag växer fram. First North är en handelplats som erbjuder små och medelstora företag en möjlighet att tillgå externa investerares kapital, vilket kan möjliggöra en omfattande expansion som annars ej hade varit genomförbar. För bolag listade på en handelsplats, är investerares förtroende något avgörande för att kunna växa. Något som dock skett under de senaste åren, är att ett starkt misstroende riktats mot handelsplatsen First North från affärsmedia och investerare. Kritikerna menar att bolagen på First North handlar girigt, och den svaga reglering som omfattar bolagen, inte garanterar en trovärdig förvaltning. Detta har lett till att börsvärdena för bolagen på First North har rasat, vilket försvårat möjligheterna för företagen att växa, samt att det hindrar nya bolag från att etablera sig på listan. Mot bakgrund av detta, har studiens syfte skapats, ”Genom empiriska studier öka förståelsen för oberoende analytikers åsikter till bolag listade på First North. Med denna information ska vi visa på vilka ageranden bolagen på First North kan göra för att stärka sitt förtroende gentemot investerare.” Undersökningen har genomförts via telefonintervjuer med fem stycken oberoende analytiker som följer bolag på First North. Oberoende analytiker har valts, då dessa inte sitter på dubbla stolar, och samtidigt hjälper företagen listade på First North med rådgivning. Orsaken till att valet föll på analytiker, är att dessa publicerar material som investerare läser, och därför har de en stor påverkan på vilken syn investerare har till bolagen på First North. Vi har använt oss av teorier gällande övergripande bolagsstyrning. Detta för att uppsatsen ska beröra samtliga bolag på First North. Teorierna har behandlat hur företagen ska agera gentemot olika intressenter, samt hur styrelsen föredras att se ut. Det vår forskning har kommit fram till, är att oberoende analytiker önskar se att företag listade på First North ska utöva affärsverksamhet utifrån ett brett förhållningssätt. Där flertalet intressenter tas i beaktande när beslut fattas. Flera målsättningar sågs inte som något motsättande, utan istället som något kompelementärt. Dock så framkom det att detta inte var motiverat med att företagen har något ansvar gentemot dessa, utan att företagets primära mål enligt analytikerna, är att uppnå uthållig tillväxt, vilket är bäst sammankoppalt med detta förhållningssätt. Gällande hur styrelsen ska se ut, ansåg analytikerna att det viktigaste var att minst en person gjort resan från litet till stort bolag tidigare, men också att styrelsens kompetenser ska vara diversifierade. Då företagen behöver hantera flertalet områden, är det nödvändigt att styrelsemedlemmarna besitter olika kunskaper. Med en mix av olika kunskaper, menar analytikerna att ett större förtroende finns, och att en bättre möjlighet finns för att skapa tillväxt än om en mer homogen styrelse existerar.

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Grimsvik, Tor, und Viktor Tornberg. „The acquisition of Social License to Operate : Create trust through dialogue and receive acceptance“. Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85618.

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Today, the concept social license to operate (SLO) has been gaining traction among companies. If a company wants to establish a business in a new area or keep their current one, they must cooperate with the stakeholders to acquire and maintain a SLO or be forced to shut down. In the mining and extractive (M&E) sector the negative effects on the environment and local area are so apparent it has made the industry focus on SLO. Previous research draws different conclusions on what factors impact the SLO the most and this presents a research gap to analyze. The purpose of this research is to investigate how companies within the M&E sector need to interact with local communities to build trust and acquire a SLO. This is done by an exploration of how individuals living in or near mining operations perceive mining operations by asking how they feel about the distributional fairness, the procedural fairness, the confidence in governance, the dialogue, the trust towards the mining industry, and the acceptance level towards mining. This research is of a quantitative explanatory character and primary data was gathered from an online questionnaire distributed among two Facebook groups that is connected to Kiruna and Gällivare. A total of 190 responded and their answers were analyzed with the help of statistical techniques. The results indicate dialogue to be an efficient way to communicate for companies towards communities. Procedural fairness and confidence in governance lead to trust while distributional fairness did not and a company that is trusted will receive a SLO.

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Witt, Hanna. „Kontrollerad tillit : Linjechefers syn på tillitsbaserad styrning, uppföljning och kvalitetsutveckling“. Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för kvalitets- och maskinteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-34808.

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Innebörden i regeringens satsning på tillitsbaserad styrning är att medarbetarnas erfarenhet och verksamhetsnära kunskap på ett bättre sätt ska tas tillvara och att behovet av kontroll ska balanseras mot förtroende för medarbetarna. Att släppa på detaljstyrningen och lämna mer handlingsutrymme till medarbetarna går väl i takt med teorin om offensiv kvalitetsutveckling. I en organisation där ansvar och befogenheter delegeras till medarbetarna känner de motivation, resultaten förbättras och ledningen får till följd av detta ett än mer ökat förtroende för dem. Minskad detaljstyrning betyder dock inte att man helt kan släppa på kontrollen. Kontrollsystem är viktiga då det är genom dem som ledningen kan tillse att medarbetarna agerar och presterar i linje med verksamhetens mål. Syftet med uppsatsen har varit att skapa kunskap om hur linjechefer uppfattar att relationen mellan tillit och kontroll kan antingen bidra till eller hindra kvalitetsutveckling inom myndigheter. I studien har utforskats om det finns några teoretiska likheter mellan den tillitsbaserade styrningen och offensiv kvalitetsutveckling. Studien har haft en kvalitativ forskningsansats och metoden för datainsamling har varit semistrukturerade, berättande intervjuer. Slutsatserna är att de intervjuade cheferna anser att ökad tillit bidrar till kvalitetsutveckling, att tydliga ramar främjar tillit samt att tillit inte är synonymt med brist på styrning. Cheferna lägger vikt vid att finnas till hands när det behövs och menar att det är lättare både för dem själva och för medarbetarna att ta ut svängarna när gränserna för handlingsutrymmet finns tydligt angivna. Studien bidrar till en bättre förståelse för hur linjechefer på en statlig myndighet ser på tillit och kontroll.
The Swedish Government’s reform to ensure trust based governance aims to create an environment that makes use of employees’ experience and knowledge and balances the need for control against trust. Steering that does not control in detail, but rather allows those conducting operations room for manoeuvre, has much in common with the theory of total quality management. In an organization that delegates responsibility and authority, employees will feel motivated, results will improve and management’s trust in employees will increase. Still, control systems are important since they provide management with information to ensure that employees act and perform in accordance with organizational goals. The aim of the thesis has been to create knowledge about first line managers’ view on the relationship between trust and control, and if that balance can either contribute to, or impede, quality development within governmental authorities. The study involves an exploration of theoretical similarities between trust based governance and total quality management. The research method has been qualitative and the method for data collection has been semi-structured, narrative interviews. The result of the study indicates that the interviewed managers believe that trust contributes to quality development, that a clear framework can promote trust and that trust not is equivalent to absence of steering. The managers emphasize the importance of being available when needed and believe that it is easier for both them and their employees to perform within a clearly defined room for action. The study contributes to a better understanding for government employed first line managers’ views on trust and control.

2018-06-27

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Ma-Tay, Alfonso, und Lorenzo Fascina. „Relational Governance Mechanisms and their effect on Contractual Completeness : A case study within a top European company in the Oil & Gas Industry“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-39364.

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This document investigates the relationship between the usage of relational forms of governance and the completeness of contractual documents. It further examines howthis relationship is presided by the development of social norms between contracting parties. A case study was conducted within Company X, a top European company in the Energy Sector, where interviews to managers and contractual documents were inspected for aqualitative analysis of the aforementioned relationship. The results indicate that the employment of relational governance mechanisms does affect contractual completeness on one of its two dimensions: contingency adaptability. This aspect is enhanced as relational norms are interwoven in the exchange agreement. A clear connection with the second dimension, term specificity, could not be identified, and is instead attributed to contextual idiosyncrasies such as industry type andgovernance structure design. A theoretical model depicting this phenomenon was developed, including mediating effects by situational variables.

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Hewitt, Janet. „Exploring the impact of clinical governance on the professional autonomy of general practitioners in a primary care trust in the North West of England“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2006. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14706/.

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Employing a single-site exploratory case study research methodology, this study seeks to paint a rich and detailed picture of managerial and professional perspectives of the impact of clinical governance on the professional autonomy and self-regulation of general practitioners (GPs) in a Primary Care Trust (referred to as the Utopian PCT), in the North West of England. The study defines clinical governance in the context of general practice; identifies the requirements for and barriers to its implementation; explores the role of GP Medical Advisers to the PCT and determines whether clinical governance is contributing to the deprofessionalisation (Haug 1973; 1975; 1977; 1988), proletarianisation (McKinlay and Arches 1985; McKinlay and Stoeckle 1988; McKinlay and Stoeckle 2002; Coburn 1992; Coburn et al 1997) or restratification of general practice (Fried son 1975; 1983; 1984; 1985; 1986). There are a small number of existing studies examining the impact of clinical governance on the professional autonomy and self-regulation ofGPs (SheafTet a12002; 2003; 2004; Locock et at 2004). This study focuses on the whole process of clinical governance whilst others focus on the implementation of National Service Frameworks. This is the only study employing a single-site exploratory case study methodology seeking to 'particularise' rather than to 'generalise' and to paint a rich and detailed picture of the 'human-side' of the Utopian peT and the associated general practices. Whilst never intending to be generalisable, the results of the study add to the growing body of evidence that the restratification of general practice has begun in England through GP Professional Representatives (referred to as GP Medical Advisers at Utopian PCT), employed in hybrid advisory/supervisory roles within PCTs. My study also supports Sheaff et aI's (2004) findings, suggesting that in the case of general practice, restratification does not divide the profession into separate occupational groups (Fried son 1984). Instead, knowledge management, supervision and general practice are different aspects of the same role (Sheaff et a12004; Courpasson 2000). The study demonstrates that despite the structural constraints imposed by clinical governance on general practice GPs are by no means helpless victims of government policy. Where possible they use clinical governance to their own advantage and to the advantage of their patients. They unenthusiastically implement those aspects of clinical governance they dislike but cannot avoid. The GPs participating in the study objected to what they perceived to be the managerial interference embodied in clinical governance and continued to adhere to a professional rather than a 'neo-bureaucratic' culture. The study suggests that in the future the new General Medical Services Contract (2004) will be influential in reinforcing the implementation of clinical governance in general practice.

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Carnauba, Adriano Augusto Costa. „Governança e confiança em redes interorganizacionais: um estudo sobre a confiança e os mecanismos formais e relacionais de governança em redes imobiliárias“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-04122012-144614/.

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Esta pesquisa situa-se no âmbito dos estudos sobre redes de negócios. Em especial, tem por objetivo geral contribuir à compreensão sobre a relação entre governança em rede e a confiança interorganizacional, dois constructos considerados na literatura como fundamentais para a competitividade das redes de negócios. A despeito da importância desta relação, não há uma consolidação teórica quanto à influência do emprego de mecanismos formais e relacionais de governança em rede sobre a confiança interorganizacional. Em especial, resta inconcluso se os mecanismos formais e relacionais atuam como substitutos ou como complementares na governança de transações em rede, lacuna teórica que se configura no problema de pesquisa deste estudo. A partir desta situação, este estudo estabelece como objetivos específicos identificar a influência do emprego de mecanismos formais e relacionais de governança em rede sobre a confiança, bem como verificar se, nesta relação, mecanismos formais e relacionais atuam como substitutos ou complementares. Com suporte no referencial teórico constituído pela teoria dos custos de transação e pela teoria da imersão social e estrutural, bem como por seus respectivos desenvolvimentos no campo das redes de negócios, o estudo adota uma abordagem metodológica descritiva e quantitativa, com a realização de levantamento junto a uma amostra composta por 35 empresas imobiliárias que atuam em redes de negócios. Após análise dos resultados empregando métodos estatísticos não paramétricos, o estudo verifica que, no contexto pesquisado, os mecanismos formais e relacionais de governança se complementam em sua influência sobre a confiança, resultado aderente aos estudos mais recentes. Nas redes imobiliárias, foi observado que mecanismos formais possibilitam um maior compartilhamento de recursos e uma maior integração entre os participantes da rede, sem prejudicar a atuação dos mecanismos relacionais. O estudo contribui à teoria das redes interorganizacionais ao sustentar empiricamente o argumento da possibilidade de atuação complementar dos mecanismos formais e relacionais de governança. Informa ainda a necessidade de uma abordagem multidimensional na manipulação dos constructos da governança em rede e da confiança, uma vez que foi identificada uma associação positiva no emprego de mecanismos formais com a dimensão interorganizacional da confiança, enquanto que o emprego de mecanismos relacionais se mostra positivamente associado, ainda que mais fracamente, à dimensão interpessoal da confiança. Considerando as limitações da pesquisa social, novos estudos, em contextos distintos, são indicados para complementar os resultados obtidos, possibilitando uma maior generalização das conclusões.
This research lies in the context of studies on business networks. It aims to contribute for a better understanding of the relationship between network governance and inter-organizational trust, both essential constructs to the business networks\' competitiveness. Despite the importance of this relationship, there is not a theoretical consolidation about the influence of use of formal and relational mechanisms of governance in inter-organizational trust. In particular, it remains inconclusive whether the formal and relational mechanisms act as substitutes or as complements in the governance of network transactions, theoretical gap that sets the research problem of this study. From this problem, this study aims to identify the specific influence of the use of formal and relational governance on trust and verify, in this relationship, if formal and relational mechanisms act as substitutes or complements. Supported by the integration of transaction cost theory and the theory of social and structural embeddedness, as well as their developments in the field of study of business networks, the study adopts a descriptive and quantitative methodological approach, by means of a survey with a sample of 35 real estate companies that operate in business networks. After analysis using non-parametric statistical methods, the study finds that, in the context of research, the formal and relational governance are complementary in their influence on trust, results that are adherent to recent studies. In real estate networks it was observed that formal mechanisms enable a greater sharing of resources and greater integration between the network participants, without impairing the performance of relational mechanisms. The study contributes to the theory of inter-organizational networks by supporting empirically the argument of the complementary role of formal and relational governance. It also stresses the need for a multidimensional approach in handling the constructs of network governance and trust, since a positive association was identified in the use of formal mechanisms to the size of inter-organizational trust, while the use of relational mechanisms shown positive association, albeit weakly, to interpersonal trust. Considering the limitations of social research, new studies, in different contexts, could complement the results of this research, allowing a greater generalization of its findings.

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Ragnarsson, Ida, und Angelica Hedlund. „Vad bygger tillit? : En studie om tillitskällor i relationen mellan myndighet och civilsamhälle“. Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-16781.

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Tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning har på senare tid vuxit fram som en möjlig styrfilosofi i Sverige. Tillitsbaserad styrning handlar om att organisationer ska förbättra kvaliteten på sitt arbete genom att öka tilliten i styrkedjan. När organisationer interagerar med andra organisationer påverkas de på olika sätt. Men hur, och i vilken utsträckning påverkas relationer mellan aktörer i styrkedjan när myndighetens styrning förändras? Och hur bör relationerna byggas för att bidra till det förväntade resultatet av tillitsbaserad styrning? Syftet med studien var att bidra till kunskapen om tillitsbaserad styrning, genom att undersöka källor till tillit i relationer mellan myndigheter och civilsamhällesorganisationer, i en kontext där myndigheten verkar genom civilsamhällesorganisationen. För att besvara syftet intervjuades fem myndighetsanställda samt en föreningsrepresentant. Även styrdokument från myndigheterna ligger till grund för det empiriska underlaget. Det empiriska underlaget analyserades utifrån Mayer et al.:s tillitsmodell och dess faktorer för tillit, och reflekterar aktuell forskning om hur modellen kan brytas ned och förstås i specifika kontexter. En aktuell forskningsrapport om tillit inom relationer på biståndsområdet har varit bakgrund och inspiration till att bryta ner tillitsfaktorerna till mindre beståndsdelar - tillitskällor. Studiens resultat pekar ut fem möjliga tillitskällor som finns i relationen mellan myndigheter och civilsamhällesorganisationer: kontrollsystem, extern expertis, inter-personella relationer, kommunikation, samt tydlighet och förväntningar. Tillitskällorna bidrar till tillitsbyggandet i att de interagerar och är beroende av varandra - som enskilda aspekter av relationen bidrar de nödvändigtvis inte till att bygga en tillitsbaserad relation. Studien visar också att om en myndighet vill nyttja tillitsbyggande i dessa relationer har detta också konsekvenser på styrningen. Bland annat genom att det bör finnas ett rimligt manöverutrymme för handläggare eller andra professioner inom bidragsprocesser, och att det finns tydligt chefsstöd i det att handläggarna har som uppgift att hantera ett visst mått av risk å myndighetens vägnar.
Trust-based governance and management has recently emerged as a possible governance philosophy in Sweden. Trust-based governance is about organizations improving the quality of their work by increasing trust in the governance chain. When organizations interact with other organizations, they are affected in different ways. But how, and to what extent, are relations between actors in the governance chain affected when the authority's governance changes? And how should relationships be built to contribute to the expected outcomes of trust-based governance? The purpose of the study was to contribute to the knowledge of trust-based governance, by examining sources of trust in relations between authorities and civil society organizations, in a context where the authority operates through the civil society organization. To answer the purpose, five authority employees and one civil society representative were interviewed. Governing documents from the authorities are also included in the basis for the empirical data. The empirical data was analyzed based on Mayer et al.:s model of trust and its factors for trust, and reflects current research on how the model can be broken down and understood in specific contexts. A current research report on trust in relations in the area of international development aid has been the background and inspiration for breaking down the trust factors into smaller components - sources of trust. The results of the study point out five possible sources of trust that exist in the relationship between authorities and civil society organizations: control systems, external expertise, interpersonal relationships, communication, and clarity and expectations. The sources of trust contribute to the building of trust in that they interact and are dependent on each other - as individual aspects of the relationship, they do not necessarily contribute to building a trust-based relationship. The study also shows that if an authority wants to use trust building in these relationships, this also has consequences for governance. Such as, reasonable room for manoeuvre for granting officers or other professionals in grant processes, and that there is clear managerial support due to the fact that the granting officers have the task of managing a certain amount of risk on behalf of the authority.

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Tärnblom, Susanne, und Britta Lindman. „Bolagskoden inspiration för idrottsföreningars förtroendearbete?“ Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-31.

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Titel: Bolagskoden – inspiration för idrottsföreningars förtroendearbete?

Nivå: Ekonomie magisterexamen med ämnesdjup

University: Institutionen för ekonomi

Högskolan i Gävle

801 76 Gävle

Sverige

Telefon: 026-64 85 00

Telefax: 026-64 86 86

E-mail: www.hig.se

Författare: Britta Lindman

Susanne Tärnblom

Datum: Juni 2006

Handledare: Tomas Källkvist

Syfte: Det primära syftet är att se vad idrottsföreningarna själva anser om hur förtroende för deras verksamhet kan skapas och om de tror att en uppförandekod kan öka förtroendet för dem. Aktiebolag använder sig av en kod för bolagsstyrning för att öka förtroendet för sin verksamhet. Vi vill i arbetet undersöka om tankarna bakom denna kod även går att applicera på idrottsföreningar.

Title: The code for corporate governance – an inspiration for sports associations work to create trust?

Level: Final assignment for a Master degree in Business Administration

University: Department of Business Administration

University of Gävle

801 76 Gävle

Sweden

Telephone: +46-26-64 85 00

Telefax: +46-26-64 86 86

E-mail: www.hig.se

By: Britta Lindman

Susanne Tärnblom

Date: June 2006

Tutor: Tomas Källkvist

The object: The main purpose with this essay is to investigate how sports associations create trust for it´s organization and if they think that a code of conduct can create trust for them. Joint-stock companies use a code for corporate governance to create trust. We want to investigate if the thoughts behind that code can be applied on a code of conduct for sports associations.

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Falkeling, Felicia, und Lovisa Blomqvist. „Förtroende genom bolagsstyrning : En fallstudie med svenska storbanker“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71032.

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Finansiella skandaler som orsakats av bolagsmisslyckanden ligger till grund för diskussioner om förtroendet för den finansiella marknaden, därför kan implementeringen av bolagsstyrning och hur förtroende skapas inom banksektorn vara intressant att granska. Syftet med den här studien är att få en förståelse för förtroendeskapande genom implementeringen av bolagsstyrning på olika verksamhetsnivåer. Samt att granska de etiska värdegrunderna för implementeringen av bolagsstyrning ur ett förtroende-perspektiv. För att uppnå syftet utfördes en kvalitativ triangulering på tre storbanker, som innefattade dokumentanalyser av bankernas bolagsstyrningsrapporter, intervjuer med personer i ledande position och enkätundersökning med medarbetarna. I teorin framkommer att det inte finns ett bästa sätt att styra alla bolag på eftersom att alla bolag är olika. Detta visade sig genom att bankernas bolagsstyrningsrapporter var utformade på olika sätt men ändå innehåll liknande områden. En anledning till detta tolkas vara bankernas tillämpning av den svenska koden för bolagsstyrning (Koden). En slutsats som dragits i studien är att medarbetarna är det främsta föremålet för bolagsstyrning och verktyget för förtroendeskapande lokalt. Koden anses vara det viktigaste verktyget för bolagsstyrning centralt. Bankerna har ett antal uttalade värderingar som kan urskiljas som kopplingen mellan bolagsstyrning på central och lokal nivå, därför tolkas de som ett verktyg för bolagsstyrningen. Studien stödjer teorin om att bolagsstyrning bör baseras på etiska värdegrunder, då undersökningen av transparens och ansvarighet visar att de är viktiga komponenter att implementera för att skapa ett intern förtroende mellan ledning och medarbetare. Ett förtroende som i sin tur är viktigt för att medarbetare ska kunna skapa förtroendeingivande relationer med externa intressenter.

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Löthman, Camilla, und Fredrica Olofsson. „Tillitsbaserad styrning i offentlig verksamhet utifrån ett medarbetarperspektiv“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-46807.

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Ett allt mer kontrollerat arbetsliv innebär sämre förhållanden för arbetande individer. Detta skapar ett behov om att undersöka nya styrsätt vilka istället bör fokusera på tillit. Studiens syfte är att undersöka vad en tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning har inneburit för medarbetare i deras arbetssituation. Kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med 10 respondenter. De intervjuades i cirka 30 minuter var. Studiens analys utfördes genom tematisering vilket resulterade i fyra huvudteman vilka är: Förändrad styrning och ledning, kvalitet framför kvantitet, samverkan mellan professioner samt arbetsvillkor och motivation. Studiens resultat visar att en styrning och ledning baserad på tillit har förändrat både kulturen och arbetsvillkoren på arbetsplatsen. Några huvudsakliga förändringar innebär för respondenterna goda resurser, mindre arbetsgrupper med delade professioner, ökat handlingsutrymme, delaktighet, öppenhet och kontinuitet i arbetet. Studiens resultat kan användas i framtida forskning för att visa hur en tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning kan bidra till en förbättrad arbetsmiljö och ökad motivation hos medarbetare.

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Wong, Rebecca W. Y. „The organisation of the illegal tiger parts trade in China“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2a373846-393c-47ab-b297-8e389d906b49.

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The thesis is a study of how Chinese illegal tiger parts trading networks are organized. In particular, this thesis tests in a qualitative manner the causal relationship between three independent variables and the network organizations of these markets. The three independent variables are “ethnicity”, “level of enforcement” and “proximity to the source country”. The thesis also discusses the dynamics of the illegal transactions of tiger parts products. Legitimate meditators or dispute resolutions mechanisms are lacking in the underworld so the risks, which the parties undertake during trading, are far higher. This thesis explores how illegal transactions are enforced, carried out and honored in this trade. In order to map the organization of the tiger trade, I conducted fieldwork in three trading hubs across China: Lhasa. Kunming and Xining. I discovered five tiger parts trading networks, three of which specialized in the trading of tiger skins and two in tiger bones. Within these networks, the level of perceived but not the actual level of risk influences the decisions of the actors in the network. Entry into the network is easy when the perceived level of enforcement is low. In these settings, there is no ethnic restriction for entering the network; the supplier is willing to trade with anyone with a trustworthy reputation. On the other hand, accessibility to the network is strictly controlled when actors perceive a high level of enforcement in their operating environment. Under this setting, the organization of the network becomes more exclusive and ethnically homogenous, as shown in the Tibetan tiger skin-trading network in Lhasa and the tiger bone-trading network in Kunming. The proximity of the tiger source country to the re-distribution sites (fieldwork cities) also influences the organization of the networks. When the level of enforcement is low and the tiger source country is far away from the re-distribution sites, a monetary deposit is required in order to show that the buyer is serious about his/her request, as shown by the tiger skin-trading network in Kunming.

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Weber, Sarah Elizabeth. „Aboriginal forest tenure and governance in British Columbia : exploring alternatives from a Stellat'en First Nation community perspective“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/789.

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The purpose of this research is to contribute to the identification of appropriate forest tenure and governance designs that are in congruence with Aboriginal values, interests and rights. The research is highly relevant to current societal deliberations on sustainable forest management as well as to the future of the forest sector in Canada. First Nations culture and ways of life are intimately and inextricably tied to the land. Some eighty percent of Canada’s First Nations communities are situated in productive forest regions (NAFA 2003). Even so, First Nations have been largely excluded from forest development and planning activities. Furthermore, the provincial policy emphasis on industrial timber production may not be consistent with Aboriginal forest values. This community-based research takes a participatory approach to forest policy analysis. The work is conducted in partnership with the Stellat’en First Nation and Carrier Sekani Tribal Council in central British Columbia. Stellat’en criteria for forest tenure and governance are identified in a series of workshops and interviews. These criteria are then applied in the analysis of four alternative models: the Community Ecosystem Trust, the Gitanyow joint land use planning model, BC Community Forest Agreements and Aboriginal reservations in the United States. The results indicated that Stellat’en have three main goals regarding forest tenure and governance: protect the traditional territory for future generations, protect Stellat’en culture and support Stellat’en economic self-determination. Implementation of the Stellat’en vision calls for a greater emphasis on ecological and cultural values in forest management, devolution of decision making authority to First Nations, reallocation of harvesting rights and redistribution of wealth generated by forest activities. The Stellat’en perspective emphasizes co-existence and stewardship. Evaluation of the four alternative models provided useful insights for progressive tenure and governance design. All four models had positive aspects to contribute, as well as shortcomings. The models are not mutually exclusive. Since each model addresses different management and institutional functions, they could be combined into a new system for the future.

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Asri, Paramita, und Nikolaos Tsourounakis. „The Eye of Co-Creation: A Guide for Governance of Cultural Co-Creative Projects : Taking Umeå 2014 European Capital of Culture as a Case Study“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-85513.

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Creative economies can establish sustainable development through co-creative cultural projects. Project management practice and particularly project governance can balance creativity and control fostering the co-creative environment that inspires and ignites innovation. The success of those cultural projects is the platform that leads to long-term development and growth. This thesis work aims to answer the following research question, “How will project governance structure provide the environment for the co-creation approach to flourish and enhance project performance?” The objective of this research is to examine how the project governance structure creates a conducive environment for the co-creation approach to burgeon and boost project performance. The authors investigate the subject by building a theoretical frame of reference, formulating a proposition and designing the research strategy in order to answer the research question. This research applies the qualitative method through semi-structured interviews based on a case study on Umeå 2014 as the ECoC. Thirteen respondents participated in this research, all of whom are members of the Umeå 2014 Project Team. As secondary data, six interviews with Umeå 2014 project owners were investigated and analysed in order to support and increase the reliability of the research findings from the primary data analysis. All primary and secondary data were analysed based on the theoretical framework. The research revealed that project governance nurtures the environment necessary for co-creation to flourish. The co-creation approach will flourish when developed within the mixture of hierarchical and relational project governance structures that foster co-creative elements. The synergy between co-creation and project governance will boost the potential to achieve sustainable development and long-term growth.

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Samuelsson, Patric, und Amanda Thodén. „Organisatorisk tillit : En kvalitativ studie av en statlig myndighet“. Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Personal och arbetsliv, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-30543.

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Tillit som begrepp blir allt viktigare som organisatoriskt styrmedel desto mer kunskapsintensiv organisationen blir. I studiens undersökta organisation läggs ett större ansvar på tjänstemannens kunskap samtidigt som verksamheten karaktäriseras av regler och riktlinjer som avspeglas i processtyrning och kontroller som upplevs begränsa ansvaret. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva och analysera handlingar som påverkar den organisatoriska tilliten hos anställda inom den undersökta statliga myndigheten. För att svara mot studiens syfte har vi genomfört en kvalitativ undersökning bestående av sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med respondenter vars arbetsroll är handläggare. Intervjuerna såväl som interna styrdokument har analyserats och tematiserats utifrån teori som berör organisatorisk tillit. I studien har vi identifierat fem områden som har visat sig vara av större betydande faktorer för organisatorisk tillit hos individerna. Dessa områden som även analyserats är arbetsmängd, arbetssätt och kontroll, förståelse, förändring och kommunikation. Det har framkommit att en känsla av självbestämmande finns, även om arbetet ofta beskrivs innefatta regler, riktlinjer och kontroll. Vår uppfattning är att det råder en hög organisatorisk tillit från de intervjuade handläggarna, något som vi främst menar beror på den byråkratiska strukturen och dess bidragande faktor till det upplevda organisatoriska stödet. Konsekvenserna av den organisatoriska tilliten behöver däremot inte alltid vara positiva. Slutsatser som dragits är att styrningen behöver anpassas utifrån rådande organisationskultur och -struktur för att inte bryta med den normativa styrlogiken så pass att det skapar organisationsstrukturell inlåsning.
Trust as a concept is becoming increasingly important as an organizational governance instrument, the more knowledge-intensive the organization becomes. In the organization featured in this study, it appears that greater demands are being placed on the employee's knowledge. At the same time, the organization is often characterized by rules and guidelines that reflect forms of governance and control, which are perceived as limiting individual responsibility. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze actions that affect the organizational trust of employees in a Swedish public-administration organization. In order to respond to the purpose of the study, a qualitative study consisting of seven semi-structured interviews with administrators has been conducted. The interviews have been analyzed thematically using internal policy documents and a theoretical lens within the concept of organizational trust. In this study, we have identified five areas that have shown to be significant factors in the perception of organizational trust by the administrators: workload, working methods and external controls, understanding, change, and communication. It has become apparent that a sense of self-determination exists, even though the work is often characterized by rules, guidelines and external controls. In the interviews a high level of organizational trust came across, something that appears to be linked to the bureaucratic structure and a perceived organizational support. However, the consequences of organizational trust are not always necessarily positive. Conclusions drawn are that the management needs to be adaptable based on the prevailing organizational culture and structure, so as not to break with the normative control logic, which can create organizational structural lock-in.

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Hawkins, David Richard, und davidh@socom com au. „Quantifying Organisation-Public Relationships“. RMIT University. Applied Communication, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090319.160313.

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To date, limited means of accurately measuring the communal organisational public relationships between an organisation and its various publics have been developed. Researchers and practitioners have acknowledged the need for a more accurate measurement tool. Previous analysis of communal relationships has typically been done in an anecdotal or non-quantifiable way. This study explores a new method of quantifying the relationship between an organisation and its publics and identifies the key themes and components that are important to a successful organisation-public relationship (OPR); this method allows organisations to more accurately measure their OPRs, diagnose their strengths and weaknesses and quantify changes in the relationships over time. In so doing, organisations will be able to improve their relationships with their stakeholders and work more effectively to achieve mutually beneficial goals. The study's findings contribute to defining the components that can be used to develop a tool that can be used by the public relations profession to more accurately reflect the status of communal relationships, and, perhaps more importantly, the changes in the status of the relationships over time. Increased objectivity in reflecting the status of the relationships between an organisation and its publics is likely to enable the profession to elevate its perceived status by providing a better service to organisations and their publics. This, in turn, will allow senior management teams to see clearly the value that public relations can provide to maximise the success of the organisation. The data obtained from this research provide insights into the priorities and expectations that external stakeholder groups have of organisations and how these expectations can be grouped into three key areas - how they are treated, the value that the relationships represent to them and how effective the communication is. The results provide practitioners with a valuable insight into ways of improving these OPRs, which in turn could assist organisations in achieving their goals.

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Hållstedt, Ulrika. „Inter-organizational Symbiotic Relationships : Key Factors for Success“. Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-183782.

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This report focuses on governance mechanisms for industrial symbiosis (IS). The study takes an organizational approach on material and energy exchanges between different organizations (or different parts in the same organization) leading to increased regional resource efficiency. This project explores different strategies for governance mechanisms and analyzes how these affect trust. Significant factors for initiating and keeping a collaboration successful are also analyzed. Representatives from 24 Swedish cases of symbiotic arrangements are interviewed and ten themes affecting IS collaborations are identified. The themes are governance structure, shared vision, previous collaboration, local conditions, initiating a collaboration, activities to build trust, conflicts, transaction-based or goal-oriented approach, indicators and distribution of costs and benefits. Among the governance structures used are hierarchy (collaboration between different parts of the same organization), joint venture, strategic alliance and different types of agreements. Common is a 10-15 years agreement, sometimes combined with a strategic discussion about the development of the collaboration. Three factors particularly affecting collaborations are identified: strategic meetings, indicators related to the collaboration and fair profit distribution. The factor strategic meetings is about combining long term agreements with innovation. Long term agreements might be necessary when a project requires investments. Meanwhile, this can suppress innovation by supporting outdated solutions. The paradox of needing both long term agreements and continued innovation may be solved by the practice of having strategic meetings and contract surveillance. Another significant factor for successful collaborations is the use of jointly evaluated indicators. To jointly evaluate a project according to predetermined indicators gives all parties the opportunity to know when a collaboration is successful. The third significant factor is fair profit distribution. Unfair profit distribution may delay or stop a project. It may also decrease trust in an ongoing project. A fair profit distribution is a key factor for enabling long term relationships.
Den här rapporten studerar samarbetsformer för industriell symbios (IS). Fokus för den här studien är material- och energiutbyten mellan organisationer eller mellan olika delar i samma organisation som leder till regional resurseffektivisering. Val och implementering av samarbetsform analyseras i relation till förtroende mellan organisationer och lyckade samarbeten. Viktiga faktorer för att lyckas starta och bibehålla ett symbiossamarbete analyseras också. Representanter från 24 svenska fall av symbiotiska samarbeten intervjuas och deras svar analyseras utifrån tio teman: samarbetsform, gemensam vision, tidigare samarbete, lokala förutsättningar, att starta ett samarbete, aktiviteter för att bygga förtroende, konflikter, transaktionsbaserat eller målinriktat förhållningssätt, indikatorer och vinstfördelning. Bland de samarbetsformer som används återfinns hierarki (samarbete mellan olika delar i samma organisation), joint venture, strategisk allians och olika typer av avtal. Vanligt är avtal på 10-15 år, ibland kombinerat med en strategisk diskussion om samarbetets utveckling. Tre faktorer identifieras som extra viktiga vid symbiotiska samarbeten: strategiska möten, indikatorer relaterade till samarbetet och rättvis vinstfördelning. Strategiska möten handlar om att kombinera långsiktiga avtal med innovation. Långsiktiga avtal behövs ofta i symbiossamarbeten för att kunna göra investeringar. Samtidigt kan detta låsa fast utdaterade lösningar och försvåra innovation och utveckling. Att ha avtalsbevakning och en strategisk diskussion kring utveckling av samarbetet har identifierats som ett sätt att lösa detta på. En annan betydande faktor för lyckade samarbeten är gemensamma indikatorer relaterade till samarbetet. Att gemensamt utvärdera samarbetet enligt uppsatta indikatorer ger alla parter möjlighet att veta när ett samarbete lyckats. Den tredje identifierade faktorn är rättvis vinstfördelning. Orättvis vinstfördelning kan stoppa eller försena ett samarbete. Det kan också urholka parternas förtroende till varandra. En rättvis vinstfördelning kan däremot skapa förtroende och är en nyckelfaktor till ett långsiktigt samarbete.

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Witzky, Marcus. „Three essays on accounting standard setting, corporate governance and investor behavior“. Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17358.

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Die vorliegende kumulative Doktorarbeit umfasst drei Arbeiten aus dem Bereich der empirischen Rechnungslegungsforschung. Die erste Arbeit untersucht die Rolle persönlicher Eigenschaften von Rechnungslegungsstandardsetzern bei der Entwicklung der Internationalen Rechnungslegungsstandards IFRS. Sie dokumentiert, dass in den IFRS insgesamt ein Rückgang der Bedeutung von Prinzipien gegenüber Regeln sowie ein Anstieg der Bedeutung des beizulegenden Zeitwerts im Zeitablauf zu verzeichnen sind. Zwischen Änderungen von IFRS-Eigenschaften sowie beruflichen und kulturellen Eigenschaften von Mitgliedern des International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) wird ein Zusammenhang festgestellt. Die zweite Arbeit widmet sich Ursachen und Folgen fehlerhafter Finanzberichterstattung im Rahmen des deutschen Systems der Durchsetzung von Rechnungslegungsregeln. Sie findet systematische Unterschiede in der Unternehmensführung von Unternehmen, bei denen fehlerhafte Finanzberichte festgestellt werden, gegenüber einer Kontrollgruppe. Weitere Ergebnisse lassen die Vermutung zu, dass die Aufdeckung fehlerhafter Finanzberichte Verbesserungen in der unternehmensspezifischen Aufsicht über den Rechnungslegungsprozess auslösen könnte. Die dritte Arbeit nutzt umfangreiche Befragungsergebnisse deutscher Privatanleger zur Untersuchung der Ursachen ihres Unternehmensüberwachungsverhaltens. Demnach üben Anleger, die ein geringeres Vertrauen in andere Anspruchsgruppen eines Unternehmens haben, zugleich eine geringere Unternehmensüberwachung aus. Darüber hinaus dokumentiert die Arbeit, dass Vertrauen und Unternehmensüberwachung in einem Zusammenhang mit dem Ausmaß der Teilnahme am Aktienmarkt und dem Bildungshintergrund der Anleger stehen.
This cumulative doctoral thesis consists of three papers within the field of empirical financial accounting research. The first paper examines the role of personal characteristics of accounting standard setters in the development of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). It documents that the full set of IFRS exhibited a decrease in the importance of principles relative to rules and an increase in its fair value orientation over time. Changes in IFRS properties are found to be associated with the professional and cultural background of International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) members. The second paper investigates determinants and consequences of erroneous financial reporting under the German financial reporting enforcement regime. The corporate governance of firms detected with erroneous financial reporting is found to differ systematically from that of control firms. Further results suggest that error detection might trigger improvements in firm-level accounting oversight. The third paper uses large-scale survey evidence from German individual investors to explore the determinants of their monitoring behavior. Investors who are less trusting in their fellow stakeholders are found to engage in less monitoring. Furthermore, trust and monitoring are documented to be associated with the stock market exposure and the educational background of investors.

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Manfredi, Claudio Alexandre Ferreira. „A efetividade dos códigos de ética empresarial na percepção do executivo brasileiro de empresas nacionais sujeitas à lei Sarbanes-Oxley : uma análise exploratória baseada no modelo de Singh“. reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11219.

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Companies seek to create an enabling context in which trust is a predominant element . In 2002, after the well - known corporate governance scandals, the Congress of the United States of America (USA) enacted the Sarbanes - Oxley Act (SOx), in order to protect investors and reestablish the shaken confidence. U.S. public companies were forced to adopt corporate codes of ethics, ensuring maximum effectiveness in preventing frauds committed by their employees, subject to heavy civil and criminal penalties for both companies and their executives. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Co rporate Codes of Ethics ( CC E) by the perception of Brazilian employee s of Brazilian national companies subject to comply with S o x . Based on the model described by Singh (2011), 18 independent variables of CCE’ effectiveness were analyzed . The results reve aled that 84.4% of the questionnaire respondents positively evaluated the C CE of their respective companies. But the model of Singh (2011) did not fully reflect the factors identified by him , allowing the proposi tion of a new model of effectiveness of the CCE . Further research should include an analysis of the Brazilian cultural aspects that may impact the effectiveness of the EEC. Case studies regarding the universe of employees of one sole public company should be conducted , aiming to provide a n actual diagnosis of the effectiveness of its code of ethics.
As empresas buscam criar um contexto capacitante no qual a confiança é elemento preponderante para tais objetivos. Em 2002, após os conhecidos escândalos de governança corporativa, o Congresso dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA) sancionou a Lei Sarbanes-Oxley (SOx), com o objetivo de proteger os investidores e resgatar a confiança abalada. Empresas norte-americanas de capital aberto foram obrigadas a adotar códigos de ética corporativos, garantindo a máxima efetividade na prevenção de fraudes praticadas por empregados, sob pena de pesadas sanções cíveis e criminais para as empresas e seus executivos. O presente estudo visa verificar a efetividade dos Códigos de Ética Empresarial (CEE) na percepção do empregado brasileiro de empresa nacional subordinada à SOx. Com base no modelo de Singh (2011), foram analisadas 18 variáveis independentes de efetividade dos códigos de ética corporativos. Os resultados revelaram que 84,4% dos respondentes ao questionário avaliaram positivamente os CEE de suas respectivas empresas. Mas o modelo de Singh (2011) não refletiu integralmente os fatores por ele identificados, permitindo a proposição de um novo modelo de efetividade dos CEE. Novas pesquisas deverão contemplar a análise dos aspectos culturais brasileiros que podem impactar na efetividade dos CEE. Estudos de caso, considerando o universo de funcionários de uma única empresa, poderão aprofundar as pesquisas sobre o tema, além de possibilitar à empresa estudada um diagnóstico mais real da efetividade de seu código de ética.

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Teji, Tarlok Nath. „Accounting for UK retailers' success : key metrics for success and failure“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/accounting-for-uk-retailers-success-key-metrics-for-success-and-failure(ba6cf84c-700e-4641-b1c1-76f2c61b7a68).html.

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This thesis provides an understanding of retailers’ performance metrics and measurement. In doing so it lays bare the over reliance on historic published accounting reports as the de facto standard for retail performance reporting. In addition, it exposes the weakness in retail accounting reports as well as retail failure prediction models that are dependent on financial ratios as key variables. This thesis also casts light on the non-financial performance metrics used by retailers. All retailers use performance metrics but do not always report them in a coherent and defined way to give a transparent picture of their actual performance. The subject of performance, and metrics in particular, can be approached from multiple disciplines, yet there is an absence of detailed guidance or discussion of retail performance metrics, for retail boards, in any literature. To comprehend a UK retailer’s performance, it is argued that there is a prerequisite to understand the full context of the UK retail landscape, and the multitude of metrics, both financial and non-financial, this brings into play when discussing performance measurement. Accordingly, the objectives of this thesis were to identify: what retail performance metrics are used by retail boards to manage their performance; what these boards claim about their performance in the public domain; and what disconnect there may be between these two areas. A pragmatic worldview in the interpretative tradition frames the research epistemology. This inductive approach is supported by a multiple case study design strategy using informed grounded theory to conduct research into six case companies (four successful and two failed) in order to discover the retail performance metrics they use and report. The findings show an abundance of metrics in use at retail boardroom level and a ‘sifting matrix’ is devised to cluster the metrics to aid comprehension and ranking into the 20 focus areas which retail boards consider important. These focus areas provide a basis for a suite of metrics, ‘the vital few’ within which six were found to be consistently and persistently used that could form an industry standard. In addition, there was evidence that retailers adapt their metrics as they change, giving substance to the notion of adaptive resilience in performance measurement. Any disconnect between metric use and disclosure was explored through a conceptual framework, ‘a journey matrix’, where retailers are on a journey to becoming trust intelligent with their disclosure of retail performance metrics. The transparent disclosure of retail performance metrics provides the explicit link to gaining trust and demonstrating good governance practice implicit within stewardship theory. The ‘journey matrix’ is also proposed as an alternative developmental viewpoint for analysing retailers’ annual reports and accounts. The development and disclosure of retail performance metrics lacks guidance on definitions, calculation bases and recommended disclosure. Without guidance, the voluntary proliferation of selective reporting is likely to render performance, as published by retailers themselves, opaque and confusing. This thesis starts the debate about board level retail performance metrics research and provides a framework to assist retail boards to evaluate what they use and what they disclose in their journey to gain the trust of stakeholders.

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Agyenim-Boateng, Cletus. „Examining the structuration processes in the financial accountability and governance practices pertaining to the public private joint venture partnerships (LIFT) in the UK health sector“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/examining-the-structuration-processes-in-the-financial-accountability-and-governance-practices-pertaining-to-the-public-private-joint-venture-partnerships-lift-in-the-uk-health-sector(96d755d2-22e4-48ac-8324-f4e9c603d8b9).html.

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Shaoul et al. (2012) state that the accounting, scrutiny and oversight of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) remain areas of concern. Also, there have been calls for a more socio-technical and multidisciplinary approach to accounting and governance studies (Broadbent, 2012; Broadbent and Guthrie 2008), especially in relation to the empirical study of PPPs (Hodge et al., 2010). This thesis responds to these calls in part by drawing on Giddens’ structuration theory to examine the financial accountability and governance concerns that are created in PPP joint venture structures. The empirical work focuses on the health sector, which is identified as one of the sectors inundated by PPP activities, particularly in the UK (Treasury, 2012; Whitfield, 2010). It adopts a case study approach, based on qualitative methodology, which involves documentary analysis of secondary data and interviews in relation to two PPP schemes under the Local Improvement Finance Trust (LIFT) scheme in the UK’s health sector.The thesis investigates: the extent to which the corporate structures of the LIFT scheme do complicate financial accountability and governance including external scrutiny; the extent to which the LIFT scheme does enhance partnership working between the public and private sector partners; the structures in financial accountability and governance in the LIFT scheme; the human agents that provide agency in financial accountability and governance in the LIFT scheme and; whether and in what ways structures and human agency in financial accountability and governance interact in the LIFT scheme and what the implications are.The thesis finds firstly that the complex corporate structure of the LIFT scheme is very complicated and the joint venture mechanism cannot be relied upon to deliver transparency of reporting. Secondly, as limited companies, all financial reporting follows private sector accounting regulations and Company Law and there is minimal disclosure in terms of information available to the general public. This is worsened by lack of information sharing between partners as evidenced in one case study group. Thirdly, there was considerable inconsistency in the reporting due to multiplicity of interpretive schemas between the two case study groups. Fourthly, there was considerable change in the reporting due both to changes in accounting regulations and changes in organisational structure and interpretive schemas throughout the period. Fifthly, there is lack of continuity of public sector oversight and monitoring as the public sector, in practice, restricts its activities to pre-operational phase and limited oversight after construction phases. Moreover, partnership working is very difficult in the context of profit seeking under the LIFT structure. Partnership working and success of the LIFT scheme may depend on trust, key personalities working together as well as leadership. From the structuration perspective, the study finds structural contradictions and conflicts of interests in financial accountability and governance practices. Therefore, transparency, public accountability, oversight and scrutiny are necessarily undermined and, policy makers should pay attention to not only the private sector technologies but also the manner in which they are used to benefit finance capital.

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Morgado, Flávio. „Confiança na comunicação de informações econômico-financeiras: o caso das empresas de autogestão“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5123.

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After the financial scandals which occurred in 2001, when confidence in the financial market has been questioned, the issue of corporate governance has become part of the agenda of the shareholders and stakeholders - corporate customers and suppliers, government and individual investors, pension funds and society in general - especially with the financial statements and the audit to which they were submitted. The financial statements can be considered expert systems, which are systems of technical excellence and professional competence on which we do not know and we can t give most of the reasons (codes of knowledge) governing its operation. It s taken for granted; there is faith, not so much in their competences, but the authenticity of expert knowledge, based on experience and regularity in the operation of these systems, in addition to the regulatory forces, which aim at protecting users. The objective of this work is to establish criteria for the creation of confidence in the communication process of economic-financial information. The research is inserted in the field of organizational communication. The methodology used was that of multiple case studies, involving the components of the accounting communication process in self management enterprises. The sender, the message and channel were evaluated for reliability (be worthy of trust). The receiver was evaluated as to the trust (the act of trust). The results showed the importance of transparency in the dissemination of information, combined with effective internal controls as a requirement for self management and for internal democracy. The also showed the difficulties of workers in self management enterprises, of knowing about management, undermining thus the question of participation. Another observation is that trust is also the product of self-management and institutional environment for Solidarity Economy which has the confidence as a principle
Após os escândalos financeiros ocorridos em 2001, quando a confiança no mercado financeiro foi questionada, a questão da governança corporativa passou a fazer parte da agenda dos acionistas e demais envolvidos empresas clientes e fornecedoras, governo, investidores individuais, fundos de pensão e sociedade em geral principalmente com as demonstrações financeiras e com a auditoria a que eram submetidas. As demonstrações financeiras podem ser consideradas sistemas peritos, que são sistemas de excelência técnica ou competência profissional, sobre os quais não se conhece e não se pode conferir a maior parte dos fundamentos (códigos de conhecimento) que regem seu funcionamento. Confia-se, tem-se fé, não tanto em suas competências, mas na autenticidade do conhecimento perito, baseado na experiência e na regularidade no funcionamento desses sistemas, além das forças reguladoras, que visam à proteção dos usuários. O objetivo deste trabalho é estabelecer critérios para a criação de confiança no processo de comunicação de informações econômicofinanceiras. A pesquisa insere-se no campo da comunicação organizacional. A metodologia utilizada foi a dos múltiplos estudos de caso, envolvendo os componentes do processo de comunicação contábil, em empresas de autogestão. O emissor, a mensagem e o canal foram avaliados quanto à confiabilidade (ser merecedor de confiança). O receptor foi avaliado quanto à confiança (o ato de confiar). Os resultados mostraram a importância da transparência na divulgação das informações, aliada a controles internos efetivos, como requisito para a autogestão e para a democracia interna. Mostraram também as dificuldades dos trabalhadores em empresas de autogestão de se apropriarem do conhecimento sobre gestão, comprometendo, assim, a questão da participação. Outra constatação é que a confiança também é produto do ambiente institucional da autogestão e da Economia Solidária, que tem a confiança como princípio

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Guimarães, Leila Chagas. „Um estudo sobre os desafios do investimento baseado em capital intelectual“. reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13622.

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The long-term investments are important for pension funds, due to the longevity of their commitments. Most of the investments of these entities are allocated to the fixed-income segment; however, pension funds are identified as potential investors on developments related to innovation for their long-term interests. In September 2009, by Resolution of the National Monetary Council, pension funds were allowed to invest in investment funds in participation - private equity funds. These investments are characterized by long-term returns and attractive real gains; nevertheless, these investments are still insignificant compared to traditional markets. In this context, this study aims to understand the difficulties in carrying out longterm investment through intellectual capital and, by the study of a specific case, investigate how this investor has been performed the analysis of this type of investment. To this end, an exploratory study in a mid-sized pension fund was performed through the document analysis, the open-ended and unstructured interviews and the observation of the decision-making process. This Fund is located in the city of Rio de Janeiro and it was chosen by the nonprobabilistc aspect of accessibility. It was identified that is spite of the attractiveness of return on private equity investments, this asset class are still below the regulatory limit, owing to the high risks related to trust, term and autonomy in the decision-making process concerning investment in innovation
Os investimentos em longo prazo são importantes para os fundos de pensão, visto a longevidade de seus compromissos. A maior parte dos investimentos dessas entidades está alocada no segmento de renda fixa; contudo, os fundos de pensão são identificados como potenciais investidores em empreendimentos relacionados à inovação por seus interesses de longo prazo. Em setembro de 2009, por meio da Resolução do Conselho Monetário Nacional, os fundos de pensão foram autorizados a investirem em fundos de investimentos em participação – fundos em private equity. Esses investimentos são caracterizados por retornos de longo prazo e ganhos reais atrativos; apesar disso, esses investimentos ainda são inexpressivos em comparação aos mercados tradicionais. Nesse sentido, este estudo teve por objetivo compreender as dificuldades de se realizar investimento de longo prazo por meio de capital intelectual e, a partir de um caso específico, verificar como este investidor vem realizando a análise desse tipo de investimento. Para este fim, foi realizado um estudo exploratório em um fundo de pensão de médio porte por meio de análise documental, entrevistas abertas e não estruturadas e observação no processo decisório de investimento. Esse fundo está localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e foi escolhido pelo critério não probabilístico de acessibilidade. Verificou-se que, embora haja atratividade em termo de retorno financeiro, os investimentos em participações – private equity - ainda estão abaixo do limite da regulamentação, devido aos altos riscos relacionados à confiança, ao prazo e à autonomia no processo decisório de investimento em inovação.

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Caselani, Denise Maria Candiotto. „Confiança e desempenho organizacional: um estudo sobre a relação interorganizacional na prestação de serviço de festas infantis“. Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2009. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/852.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Based on the relational perspective reasoning this doctoral dissertation proposed a model that theorizes on the relationship between organizational and individual trust, cooperative behaviors and organizational performance in the sector of entertainment, specifically children parties businesses segment. An extensive literature review was conducted to better understand the definition of those variables and their theoretical relationship. The review also helped to identify scales used in previous research to measure the research variables. The identified scales were then back translated and adapted to be used in this research. The cooperative behavior scale was translated and tested in other studies conducted in Brazil and as the procedures used in those studies were reliable we used the scale from Hashiba (2008). The research instrument was pre-tested during the first part of the research in which deep interviews were conducted with manufacturers of equipment for entertaining children, like professionals toys used in parks and their customers. This phase of the study also helped to better understand the business segment and the relationship between the players in the business. In the next phase of the research the boundary spanner of each company in the business segment was contact and those that accepted to take part in the study was personally helped to fill the research questionnaire. Some 158 good responses were available in the end of data collection. The data was then analyzed using the statistical packages Stata and Amos. The last one allowed to test validation of the research constructs through SEM. Validation of the research constructs were reached and the basic model had a good fit. The results from both phases of the research show that organizational and individual trust are highly correlated but they are different constructs. Cooperative behaviors were explained by organizational trust and that only joint problem solve is the only cooperative behavior tested which explain organizational performance. The data also indicated that flexibility in the negotiation is negative related to performance. These findings corroborate previous researches in the field and also helped to further the knowledge on the subject.
Este estudo analisou as relações entre confiança, cooperação e desempenho organizacional. O tema cresceu em importância na área de administração nos últimos anos e várias são as perspectivas que o abordam e aqui optou-se pela perspectiva de governança relacional. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar relação entre confiança e desempenho em relacionamentos interorganizacionais e a interveniência da variável cooperação. Para tal, foi conduzida uma pesquisa em duas fases no setor de buffets, mais especificamente no segmento de festas infantis. A primeira fase da pesquisa foi importante para melhor entender a estrutura e a dinâmica do setor, o relacionamento entre fornecedores de brinquedos e os buffets e testar qualitativamente as escalas construídas para mensurar os construtos a partir da teoria. Foram feitas 10 entrevistas em profundidade, sendo três com fornecedores. Na fase seguinte foram coletados dados junto aos buffets. Os respondentes foram os agentes de contato das empresas para a compra de brinquedos, em geral, este papel é do proprietário do negócio, em função da relevância do investimento e a especificidade do ativo. Responderam o questionário 158 empresas. A coleta de dados foi feita usando um questionário e este foi aplicado pessoalmente. Os dados coletados relevam que a confiança interpessoal apresentou grande influência na confiança interorganizacional. Esta relação é tão intensa que houve um questionamento se os dois são comporiam um único construto. No entanto, a AFC mostrou são dois construtos. A mensuração da cooperação por meio dos comportamentos cooperativos também teve ajuste adequado e estes mostraram ter influências distintas sobre o desempenho. As duas fases da pesquisa de campo apontaram para uma relação positiva e significativa entre resolução conjunta de problemas e desempenho organizacional. Fica evidente pelas falas dos entrevistados que diferentemente da disponibilidade de se contornar o problema de fornecimento de itens como decoração e alimentos , os brinquedos com funcionamento ruim ou a falta deles faz com que os clientes não retornem e ainda façam uma campanha negativa contra o buffet. Esse resultado mostra que, quando as partes estão engajadas na solução conjunta de problemas é mais fácil encontrar soluções mutuamente satisfatórias, aumentando o sucesso da relação cliente-fornecedor, conforme argumentado por Deutsch (1969). Por outro lado, a relação negativa entre restrição ao uso de poder e desempenho ilustra bem o sentimento capturado pelas entrevistas. Os gestores dos buffets apontam como se sentem pressionados pela demanda induzida de novos brinquedos, quando têm que seguir a concorrência. A flexibilidade na negociação também não apresentou explicação significativa para o desempenho, pelo contrário, pois há indicação nas duas fases da pesquisa que a relação entre estas variáveis é negativa. Os resultados indicam que a confiança interorganizacional e indiretamente a confiança interpessoal explicam os comportamentos cooperativos entre as empresas da cadeia de fornecimento estudada pela visão dos donos do buffets. Por outro lado, apenas um os comportamentos cooperativos explica parte da variação do desempenho organizacional. O estudo corrobora estudos anteriores usados como base para este e representa um avanço nos estudos da área, em especial, pela discussão e operacionalização dos construtos que foram testados e validados com bom nível de ajuste.

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