Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Trianon peace treaty“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Machen Sie sich mit den Listen der aktuellen Artikel, Bücher, Dissertationen, Berichten und anderer wissenschaftlichen Quellen zum Thema "Trianon peace treaty" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Trianon peace treaty"
1
Serwin, Kazimierz. „Percepcja traktatu triańskiego/trianońskiego w węgierskiej kulturze“. Wschodnioznawstwo 14 (2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20827695wsc.20.003.13331.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Perception of the Treaty of Trianon in Hungarian culture The „Trianon” is perhaps the most famous historical term in Hungary. 100 years ago, on June 4, 1920, restrictive peace conditions were imposed on Hungary at the Grand Trianon Palace in Versailles. Apart of the loss of territory, 3,5 million Hungarians remained abroad. In Hungarian historical awareness, the Treaty of Trianon is a symbol of catastrophe and national humiliation. The change of „Greater Hungary” into „small” Hungary. To this day, the effects of the treaty have had an impact on Hungary’s politics, economy and culture.
2
Putz, Orsolya. „Metaphor evolution and survival in Hungarian public discourse on the Trianon peace treaty“. Metaphor and the Social World 6, Nr. 2 (14.10.2016): 276–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.6.2.05put.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The peace Treaty of Trianon, which was signed by the representatives of Hungary and the Allies in 1920, caused substantial economic, political and social changes in the life of the Hungarian nation. The paper explores how far these changes have been conceptualized by conceptual metaphors in Hungarian public discourse from 1920 to the present day. Specifically, it looks at whether there is a conventionalized metaphoric conceptual system concerning the treaty, which began (or was current) in 1920 and has been developing for almost a hundred years. The paper applies a qualitative approach to a small corpus of written texts. The corpus contains twenty texts, which are taken from four different categories of public discourse (political, academic, informative and media) and four time periods (1920–1945, 1945–1990, 1990–2010, and 2010–2015). The paper concludes that, within the public discourse on the consequences of the Trianon peace treaty, the same metaphors have fundamentally survived over nine decades. This conceptual history of metaphors suggests heavy conventionalization, which can play a crucial role in the survival of a certain mental image of the nation and in maintaining negative emotions about the treaty. It also suggests that the Trianon frame is still an essential part of Hungarian national identity.
3
Pallo, József. „Finkey Ferenc, az első magyar pönológus“. Erdélyi Jogélet 4, Nr. 1 (10.06.2021): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47745/erjog.2021.01.11.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The Trianon Peace Treaty had a profound effect on the social and governmental structure of Hungary. These changes, of course, also influenced the field of corrections and actually altered some of its key aspects as well. The author will recall several key penological concepts and ideas from the era to provide an introduction to the philosophical foundations of the establishment of correctional legislation and the resulting substantive changes that occurred. Moreover, a detailed analysis will be provided on the system of enhanced severity workhouses, an emblematic punitive measure that addressed the unfavourable criminological tendencies of the 1920s, which emerged as consequences to the Trianon Peace Treaty. The essay will conclude with deducing the generalized historical, legal, and moral lessons and conclusions pertaining to this peculiar period of Hungary.
4
SCURTU, Ioan. „THE TREATY OF TRIANON BETWEEN LEGEND AND REALITY“. Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on History and Archaeology 12, Nr. 2 (2020): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.56082/annalsarscihist.2020.2.13.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The Paris Peace Conference introduced a new international juridical concept as a decisive factor in their decisions: the right of all nations to selfdetermination. The Treaty of Trianon from June 4th 1920 was not a bilateral one (Hungary-Romania) as it was signed by Hungary along 22 other states from all the continents. The Treaty does not contain the word Transylvania, and the border between Hungary and Romania was established based on the will of the majority. The Treaty came into effect on July 26th 1921 after its ratification by Romania and Hungary along the other signatory states.
5
Derzhaliuk, M. „The Treaty of Trianon as a Source of Instability in the Central-Eastern Europe (Part 3)“. Problems of World History, Nr. 14 (10.06.2021): 26–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2021-14-2.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article notes that the Trianon Peace Treaty of June 4, 1920 between the Entente countries and Hungary, as a result of the First World War, turned out to be, like all the other six treaties of the Versailles system, mostly unfair. Forcibly the territory of Hungary decreased by 2/3, the population decreased 2,7 times, a third of the Hungarian ethnic group became part of neighboring states.
It is noted that during 1920-2020. In Hungary, there were no powerful political forces of various trends and trends that would recognize the Trianon Peace Treaty as just. At the same time, the ruling political elites of the neighboring states of Hungary considered and still consider the conditions of the Trianon fair. Such opposite assessments of the consequences of Versailles engendered antagonism, making it impossible to reach a compromise between the countries of Central-Eastern Europe.
Attention is drawn to the fact that during the domination in Europe of the coalition of countries led by Germany of the Versailles Peace Treaty, including the Trianon, were dismantled, a new order was introduced, in which opponents of Versailles – Germany, Italy, Japan, the USSR, Hungary, Bulgaria. played an active role.
It is noted that the winners of the World War ІІ restored the borders of the countries of Germany’s allies in Europe, in accordance with their own geopolitical interests, which corresponded by 70% to the borders established by the Entente after the World War І. The Trianon borders were restored over Hungary by the Paris Peace Treaty of February 10, 1947. The USSR, Great Britain, France and the United States acted from a hegemonic position, were guided by the right of the winner and in many respects imposed on the defeated countries the conditions of the Versailles system were discredited, did not draw proper conclusions and did not build international relations on principles close to justice, but preserved the complicated territorial contradictions of the past with the corresponding treaties.
It is indicated that the threat of assimilation and disappearance of foreign Hungarians is one of the main reasons for the revitalization of modern Hungary. Measures to overcome the syndrome of the dismemberment of the Hungarian nation in Central-Eastern Europe have been going on for centuries with little results; The rate of decline in the number of Hungarians in neighboring states over the past century is the highest, so Budapest believes that there is no time to delay the introduction of autonomy for foreign Hungarians, because in the next 25 years the very need for it will disappear through their disappearance.
It is emphasized that the level of ensuring the rights of the Hungarian minority in Transcarpathia especially affects the relationship of Hungary with Ukraine. The improvement of relations between Hungary and Ukraine has minimal chances, since the positions of the parties on the procedure for the application of educational and language laws in Transcarpathia do not coincide.
Taking into account the decisive activity of Hungary and the Hungarian foreign communities in 2020 (the century of the signing of the Trianon Peace Treaty on June 4, 1920), it is concluded that this problem will not lose its relevance, but will significantly increase.
6
Derzhaliuk, M. „The Treaty of Trianon as a Source of Instability in the Central-Eastern Europe (Part 2)“. Problems of World History, Nr. 13 (18.03.2021): 53–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2021-13-3.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article notes that the Trianon Peace Treaty of June 4, 1920 between the Entente countries and Hungary, as a result of the First World War, turned out to be, like all the other six treaties of the Versailles system, mostly unfair. Forcibly the territory of Hungary decreased by 2/3, the population decreased 2,7 times, a third of the Hungarian ethnic group became part of neighboring states.
It is noted that during 1920-2020. In Hungary, there were no powerful political forces of various trends and trends that would recognize the Trianon Peace Treaty as just. At the same time, the ruling political elites of the neighboring states of Hungary considered and still consider the conditions of the Trianon fair. Such opposite assessments of the consequences of Versailles engendered antagonism, making it impossible to reach a compromise between the countries of Central-Eastern Europe.
Attention is drawn to the fact that during the domination in Europe of the coalition of countries led by Germany of the Versailles Peace Treaty, including the Trianon, were dismantled, a new order was introduced, in which opponents of Versailles – Germany, Italy, Japan, the USSR, Hungary, Bulgaria. played an active role
It is noted that the winners of the World War ІІ restored the borders of the countries of Germany’s allies in Europe, in accordance with their own geopolitical interests, which corresponded by 70% to the borders established by the Entente after the World War І. The Trianon borders were restored over Hungary by the Paris Peace Treaty of February 10, 1947. The USSR, Great Britain, France and the United States acted from a hegemonic position, were guided by the right of the winner and in many respects imposed on the defeated countries the conditions of the Versailles system were discredited, did not draw proper conclusions and did not build international relations on principles close to justice, but preserved the complicated territorial contradictions of the past with the corresponding treaties.
It is indicated that the threat of assimilation and disappearance of foreign Hungarians is one of the main reasons for the revitalization of modern Hungary. Measures to overcome the syndrome of the dismemberment of the Hungarian nation in Central-Eastern Europe have been going on for centuries with little results; The rate of decline in the number of Hungarians in neighboring states over the past century is the highest, so Budapest believes that there is no time to delay the introduction of autonomy for foreign Hungarians, because in the next 25 years the very need for it will disappear through their disappearance.
It is emphasized that the level of ensuring the rights of the Hungarian minority in Transcarpathia especially affects the relationship of Hungary with Ukraine. The improvement of relations between Hungary and Ukraine has minimal chances, since the positions of the parties on the procedure for the application of educational and language laws in Transcarpathia do not coincide.
Taking into account the decisive activity of Hungary and the Hungarian foreign communities in 2020 (the century of the signing of the Trianon Peace Treaty on June 4, 1920), it is concluded that this problem will not lose its relevance, but will significantly increase.
7
Derzhaliuk, M. „The Treaty of Trianon as a Source of Instability in the Central-Eastern Europe (Part 1)“. Problems of World History, Nr. 12 (29.09.2020): 122–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-12-7.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article notes that the Trianon Peace Treaty of June 4, 1920 between the Entente countries and Hungary, as a result of the First World War, turned out to be, like all the other six treaties of the Versailles system, mostly unfair. In the forcibly the territory of Hungary decreased by 2/3, the population decreased 2,7 times, a third of the Hungarian ethnic group became part of neighboring states.
It is noted that during 1920-2020. In Hungary, there were no powerful political forces of various trends and trends that would recognize the Trianon Peace Treaty as just. At the same time, the ruling political elites of the neighboring states of Hungary considered and still consider the conditions of the Trianon fair. Such opposite assessments of the consequences of Versailles engendered antagonism, making it impossible to reach a compromise between the countries of Central-Eastern Europe.
Attention is drawn to the fact that during the domination in Europe of the coalition of countries led by Germany of the Versailles Peace Treaty, including the Trianon, were dismantled, a new order was introduced, in which opponents of Versailles – Germany, Italy, Japan, the USSR, played an active role. Hungary, Bulgaria.
It is noted that the winners of the World War ІІ restored the borders of the countries of Germany’s allies in Europe, in accordance with their own geopolitical interests, which corresponded by 70% to the borders established by the Entente after the World War І. The Trianon borders were restored over Hungary by the Paris Peace Treaty of February 10, 1947. The USSR, Great Britain, France and the United States acted from a hegemonic position, were guided by the right of the winner and in many respects imposed on the defeated countries the conditions of the Versailles system were discredited, did not draw proper conclusions and did not build international relations on principles close to justice, but preserved the complicated territorial contradictions of the past with the corresponding treaties.
It is indicated that the threat of assimilation and disappearance of foreign Hungarians is one of the main reasons for the revitalization of modern Hungary. Measures to overcome the syndrome of the dismemberment of the Hungarian nation in Central-Eastern Europe have been going on for centuries with little results; The rate of decline in the number of Hungarians in neighboring states over the past century is the highest, so Budapest believes that there is no time to delay the introduction of autonomy for foreign Hungarians, because in the next 25 years the very need for it will disappear through their disappearance.
It is emphasized that the level of ensuring the rights of the Hungarian minority in Transcarpathia especially affects the relationship of Hungary with Ukraine. The improvement of relations between Hungary and Ukraine has minimal chances, since the positions of the parties on the procedure for the application of educational and language laws in Transcarpathia do not coincide.
Taking into account the decisive activity of Hungary and the Hungarian foreign communities in 2020 (the century of the signing of the Trianon Peace Treaty on June 4, 1920), it is concluded that this problem will not only not lose its relevance, but will significantly increase.
8
Suba, János. „A trianoni hármashatárok kijelölése“. Jelenkori Társadalmi és Gazdasági Folyamatok 4, Nr. 3-4 (01.01.2009): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/jtgf.2009.3-4.276-281.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
A "triple" or "tergeminate" frontier is the meeting point of the frontiers of three neighbouring countries. The boundary stone which marks it, named "triplex confinum", is generally a monumental, obelisk-like work of art. Along the frontiers of Hungary, estab-lished by the Trianon Peace Treaty and traced out on the terrain, there were four such triplex confinia. Their establishing and indication was done as a result of long negotiations and without the knowledge of the Hungarian party sometimes. The study treats the political efforts in this concern and explains how the location of the tergeminate frontier marks have been positioned, together with the presentation of the different types of the monuments. It is worth mentioning that no one of the original four Trianon tergeminate frontier marks are standing on their primary places today.
9
Hajdú, Zoltán. „Structural and administrative implications of the Trianon Peace Treaty, 1920“. Regional Statistics 10, Nr. 1 (2020): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15196/rs100103.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
10
Kovács, Éva. „Overcoming History through Trauma. The Hungarian Historikerstreit“. European Review 24, Nr. 4 (15.09.2016): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798716000065.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In the mid-summer of 2012, a sort of Historikerstreit broke out in Hungary. The main topics of the controversy were the language of and the attitude to the history of the Holocaust. In what follows I will argue that the Hungarian Historikerstreit is closely related to both the renaissance of the Horthy era (1920–1944) in current Hungarian politics and the ambivalent attitude towards the Holocaust in public memory. Since 2010, Hungary has celebrated ‘Trianon commemoration day’, remembering on the peace treaty of Trianon after the First World War. In today’s Hungary, Trianon seems to be a permanent trauma of the nation not only in the public memory but also in history writing. In spite of the fact that many respected scholars argue that currently the construction of the trauma of Trianon has a hegemonic position in Hungarian social memory and that the Holocaust cannot compete with it, I will show that the Trianon trauma is a construction of the current politics of history, which overshadows the tragic experiences of the First World War. Moreover, Trianon and the Holocaust are strongly interconnected historical events, which cannot be understood separately.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Trianon peace treaty"
1
Berkes, Antal. „L'affaire des optants : les enjeux nationaux et internationaux d'un différend roumano-hongrois“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA030035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Le différend roumano-hongrois des optants, qui se déroula de 1922 à 1930, est un conflit international qui accompagna la politique des affaires étrangères de la Hongrie et de la Roumanie tout au long de l’époque d’entre-deux-guerres, et qui s’inséra dans un contexte historique plus global. À la suite de l’occupation et l’annexion de la Transylvanie par la Roumanie, quelques 360-370 familles hongroises d’origine de la Transylvanie utilisèrent leur droit d’option et choisirent la nationalité hongroise. Or, contrairement aux dispositions du Traité de paix de Trianon, ils perdirent leurs domaines fonciers dans la réforme agraire transylvaine sans aucune compensation. Ils initièrent, ainsi que le gouvernement hongrois dans leur nom, un litige international contre la Roumanie pour revendiquer la restituttion ou la compensation des domaines fonciers expropriés. La thèse démontre qu’aussi bien la Roumanie que la Hongrie furent intéressées non pas au règlement prompt de la dispute à tout prix, mais à sa publicité sur la scène internationale afin de renforcer leurs narrations favorable (position roumaine) ou hostile (position hongroise révisionniste) au statu quo créé par le traité de paix de Trianon. Quant aux optants, peu d’entre eux réussirent à sauvegarder leur position économique et sociale d’élite, mais la plupart d’entre eux subirent un déracinement et un appauvrissement, malgré leur réussite finale à obtenir justice et une compensation pour les terres perduesThe Romanian-Hungarian optants dispute, which took place from 1922 to 1930, is an international conflict which accompanied Hungary’s and Romania’s policy of foreign affairs throughout the interwar period, and which fits into a global historical context. Following the occupation and annexation of Transylvania by Romania, some 360-370 Hungarian families of Transylvanian origin used their right of option and chose Hungarian nationality. However, contrary to the provisions of the treaty of peace of Trianon, they lost their land estates in the Transylvanian agrarian reform without any compensation. They initiated, as well as the Hungarian government in their name, an international dispute against Romania to claim the restitution or compensation of the expropriated land estates. The thesis demonstrates that both Romania and Hungary were interested not in the prompt settlement of the dispute at all costs, but in its publicity on the international scene in order to strengthen their narratives favorable (Romanian position) or hostile (Hungarian revisionist position) to the status quo created by the Trianon peace treaty. As for the optants, few of them managed to safeguard their elite economic and social position but most of them suffered uprooting and impoverishment, despite their ultimate success in securing justice and compensation for the lost lands
Bücher zum Thema "Trianon peace treaty"
1
Kiadó, Helikon, Hrsg. Trianon másodszor: Az 1947-es párizsi békeszerződés. Budapest]: Helikon, 2022.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
2
The dismantling of historic Hungary: The Peace Treaty of Trianon, 1920. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs, 2002.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
3
Novák, Ádám. Trianon 1920-2020: Some aspects of the Hungarian peace treaty of 1920. Debrecen: The Debreceni Universitas Nonprofit Közhasznú Kft, 2021.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
4
A Trianoni békediktátum története hét kötetben. Szeged: Egyesület Közép-Európa Kutatására, 2019.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
5
József, Galántai. Trianon and the protection of minorities. Boulder, Colo: Social Science Monographs, 1992.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
6
Telek, J. Peace by negotiation with justice and self-determination: Did the Paris peace conferences and peace treaties help maintain peace after the two world wars? : the example and fate of Hungary : an essay. Toronto: Hungarian Historical Studies, 1992.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
7
Benda, Jenő. A béke kálváriaútján: Egy újságíró naplója a párizsi békekonferenciáról. Somorja: Méry Ratio Kiadó, 2013.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
8
József, Galántai. Trianon és a kisebbségvédelem: A kisebbségvédelem nemzetközi jogrendjének kialakítása, 1919-1920. Budapest: Maecenas, 1989.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
9
(Firm), Hungarian Historical Studies, Hrsg. Peace by negotiation: Did the Paris peace conferences and peace treaties help maintain peace after the two world wars? : the example and fate of Hungary : an essay. Toronto: Hungarian Historical Studies, 1989.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle finden
10
Telek, J. Peace by negotiation: Did the Paris peace conferences and peace treaties help maintain peace after the two world wars? The example and fate of Hungary : an essay. Toronto: Hungarian Historical Studies, 1989.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Trianon peace treaty"
1
Zombori, István. „Glattfelder Gyula püspök és az 1921-es román földreform“. In Fontes et Libri, 283–89. Szeged, Hungary: Szegedi Tudományegyetem, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/btk.2023.sje.25.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
With the Peace Treaty of Trianon, 103,000 square kilometres were given to Romania. After the occupation of the territory, the Romanian authorities liquidated the Hungarian public administration and the schools. They only did not know what to do with the Hungarian churches. In 1921, the Romanian land reform law was passed, and it was a huge blow to the churches because not only the land holdings were confiscated, but the buildings standing on them as well. Gyula Glattfelder, the Roman Catholic bishop of Temesvár, protested the land reform most intensively. Because of this, he was subjected to open attacks both in Timişoara (Temesvár) and Bucharest. This eventually led to the fact that the Romanian authorities forced him to leave Timişoara in March 1923 and to move his episcopal seat to Szeged.
2
„The Treaty of Trianon, 4 June 1920“. In The Imperialist Peace Order in Central Europe:, 130–36. Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvrzgw78.19.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
3
Kovacs, Maria M. „The Restrictive Reform of the Professions, 1920-1928“. In Liberal Professions and Illiberal Politics, 49–81. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195085976.003.0003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Abstract Reform of the professions came with a puzzling urgency after the signing of the peace treaty in Trianon on June 4, 1920, concluded almost a year after the demise of the Communist revolution by the military. The treaty with Hungary reduced Hungary’s old territory by two-thirds and its population by more than half. Over three million Hungarians were assigned to live outside Hungary, in one of the monarchy’s several successor states.1 That the problem of the professions would, in these turbulent times, preoccupy the attention of the first postwar National Assembly is explained by a flow of educated refugees, which led to an unprecedented degree of middle-class unemployment and unrest. For the first time, Hungary also witnessed a major outburst of political anti Semitism, which, in tum, made Hungary’s large educated Jewish intelligentsia the focus of public attention.