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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Transport/transfert de charge“

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Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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1

Debnath, Tushar. „Interfacial Charge Transfer Processes in Perovskite-based Materials“. Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access 8, Nr. 4 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000266.

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Perovskite-based materials have gained significant attention in the last few years both in nanotechnology and optoelectronic applications. The interface between perovskites and electron (or hole) transport layers (ETL or HTL) plays a critical role in the charge transport properties in perovskite-based devices which eventually govern the final efficiency of the device. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand the interfacial charge transfer/transport processes in these materials. In this minireview, we summarize the ultrafast interfacial charge transfer processes from perovskites to electron/hole quenchers and highlight the importance of the surface coupling of such quenchers on the charge transfer and solar cell efficiency. A few examples of ETL and HTL and their effect on the device performance have been discussed. Therefore, the review will provide a platform to understand the importance of interfacial charge transfer processes and their effect on the final device efficiency in perovskite-based materials.

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2

Armitage, N. P., M. Briman und G. Grüner. „Charge transfer and charge transport on the double helix“. physica status solidi (b) 241, Nr. 1 (Januar 2004): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.200303603.

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3

Jortner, J., M. Bixon, T. Langenbacher und M. E. Michel-Beyerle. „Charge transfer and transport in DNA“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, Nr. 22 (27.10.1998): 12759–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.22.12759.

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4

Chollet-Xémard, C., D. Michel, P. Szuster, D. Cervellin und E. Lecarpentier. „Retour d’expérience des transferts en HéliSmur de patients Covid-19“. Annales françaises de médecine d’urgence 10, Nr. 4-5 (September 2020): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/afmu-2020-0262.

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L’augmentation du nombre d’hospitalisations en réanimation de patients graves atteints de la Covid-19 a nécessité le transfert d’un certain nombre d’entre eux vers des régions moins touchées que le Grand Est et l’Île-de-France afin de ne pas dégrader la qualité des soins. Les HéliSmur ont fait partie intégrante du dispositif d’évacuation de ces patients. Utilisés au quotidien, ils ont confirmé leur utilisation en cas de crise où la problématique des élongations est une difficulté. Cependant, le recours aux HéliSmur a nécessité une adaptation de tous à de nouvelles modalités opérationnelles. Le transport de patients critiques, le port d’un équipement de protection individuelle par l’équipe médicale et les membres d’équipage ainsi que les procédures renforcées de bionettoyage ont impacté les temps d’intervention mais aussi la charge mentale des personnes à bord. La mise en place d’équipes médicales dédiées et rompues aux transferts héliportés a permis d’optimiser la prise en charge complexe de ces patients tant sur le plan médical qu’aéronautique. Nous présentons notre retour d’expérience des transferts en HéliSmur que nous avons réalisés au départ de la région francilienne.

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5

Hersam, M. C., und R. G. Reifenberger. „Charge Transport through Molecular Junctions“. MRS Bulletin 29, Nr. 6 (Juni 2004): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2004.120.

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AbstractIn conventional solid-state electronic devices, junctions and interfaces play a significant if not dominant role in controlling charge transport. Although the emerging field of molecular electronics often focuses on the properties of the molecule in the design and understanding of device behavior, the effects of interfaces and junctions are often of comparable importance. This article explores recent work in the study of metal–molecule–metal and semiconductor–molecule–metal junctions. Specific issues include the mixing of discrete molecular levels with the metal continuum, charge transfer between molecules and semiconductors, electron-stimulated desorption, and resonant tunneling. By acknowledging the consequences of junction/interface effects, realistic prospects and limitations can be identified for molecular electronic devices.

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6

Kramer, G. J., H. B. Brom und L. J. De Jongh. „Charge transport in charge transfer salts by order parameter fluctuations“. Synthetic Metals 19, Nr. 1-3 (März 1987): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(87)90327-4.

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7

Yang, Yongfan, Yuze Zhang, Chunhua T. Hu, Mengmeng Sun, Sehee Jeong, Stephanie S. Lee, Alexander G. Shtukenberg und Bart Kahr. „Transport in Twisted Crystalline Charge Transfer Complexes“. Chemistry of Materials 34, Nr. 4 (11.02.2022): 1778–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c04003.

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8

Cheng, Che-Hsuan, Darwin Cordovilla Leon, Zidong Li, Emmett Litvak und Parag B. Deotare. „Energy Transport of Hybrid Charge-Transfer Excitons“. ACS Nano 14, Nr. 8 (03.08.2020): 10462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c04367.

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9

Iwasa, Y., N. Watanabe, T. Koda, S. Koshihara, Y. Tokura, N. Iwasawa und G. Saito. „Nonlinear soliton transport in charge transfer compounds“. Synthetic Metals 42, Nr. 1-2 (Mai 1991): 1675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(91)91925-z.

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10

Ulanski, Jacek. „Charge-carrier transport in heterogeneous conducting materials: Polymer + charge-transfer complex“. Synthetic Metals 41, Nr. 3 (Mai 1991): 923–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(91)91528-i.

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11

Komura, Teruhisa, Takahiro Usui und Kousin Takahasi. „Characterization of Charge Transfer and Charge Transport in Polypyrrole Film Electrodes“. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 68, Nr. 4 (April 1995): 1129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.68.1129.

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12

Dasari, Raghunath R., Xu Wang, Ren A. Wiscons, Hamna F. Haneef, Ajith Ashokan, Yadong Zhang, Marina S. Fonari et al. „Charge‐Transport Properties of F 6 TNAP‐Based Charge‐Transfer Cocrystals“. Advanced Functional Materials 29, Nr. 49 (09.10.2019): 1904858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201904858.

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13

Wang, Hong, You-Jun Fei, Vadivel Ganapathy und Frederick H. Leibach. „Electrophysiological characteristics of the proton-coupled peptide transporter PEPT2 cloned from rat brain“. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 275, Nr. 4 (01.10.1998): C967—C975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1998.275.4.c967.

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We have cloned a peptide transporter from rat brain and found it to be identical to rat kidney PEPT2. In the present study we characterize the transport function of the rat brain PEPT2, with special emphasis on electrophysiological properties and interaction with N-acetyl-l-aspartyl-l-glutamate (NAAG). When heterologously expressed in HeLa cells and in SK-N-SH cells, PEPT2 transports several dipeptides but not free amino acids in the presence of a proton gradient. NAAG competes with other peptides for the PEPT2-mediated transport process. When PEPT2 is expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, substrate-induced inward currents are detectable with dipeptides of differing charge in the presence of a proton gradient. Proton activation kinetics are similar for differently charged peptides. NAAG is a transportable substrate for PEPT2, as evidenced by NAAG-induced currents. The Hill coefficient for protons for the activation of the transport of differently charged peptides, including NAAG, is 1. Although the peptide-to-proton stoichiometry for negatively charged peptides is 1, the transport nonetheless is associated with transfer of positive charge into the oocyte, as indicated by peptide-induced inward currents.

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14

Jennings, James R., und Qing Wang. „Charge Transport and Interfacial Charge Transfer in Dye-Sensitized Nanoporous Semiconductor Electrode Systems“. Key Engineering Materials 451 (November 2010): 97–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.451.97.

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General characteristics of dye-sensitized nanoporous semiconductor electrode systems are summarized, with a particular emphasis on dye-sensitized solar cells. Properties of these electrode systems which distinguish them from conventional bulk semiconductor electrodes are highlighted. Current understanding of electron transport in dye-sensitized solar cells, in terms of the diffusion and multiple trapping models, is reviewed. Alternative transport and recombination theories are also briefly reviewed. Electron transfer at the semiconductor/electrolyte interface in dye-sensitized solar cells is reviewed and recent experimental results obtained by the authors are highlighted. As applicable, common techniques for characterization of electron transport and transfer in dye-sensitized solar cells are described, with reference to case studies where the electron diffusion length in dye-sensitized solar cells has been estimated. The steady-state aspects of the dye-regeneration process are also reviewed, together with the cross-surface percolation of holes in the dye monolayer and the finite-length diffusion of redox species in the electrolyte.

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15

Siles, P. F., T. Hahn, G. Salvan, M. Knupfer, F. Zhu, D. R. T. Zahn und O. G. Schmidt. „Tunable charge transfer properties in metal-phthalocyanine heterojunctions“. Nanoscale 8, Nr. 16 (2016): 8607–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr08671j.

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The transport properties of phthalocyanine heterojunctions are precisely tuned via engineering of the organic heterostructure. Conductive AFM techniques allow identifying transport mechanisms and performing nanoscale spatial mapping of carrier mobility.

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16

WELLS, STEPHEN A., CHI-TIN SHIH und RUDOLF A. RÖMER. „MODELLING CHARGE TRANSPORT IN DNA USING TRANSFER MATRICES WITH DIAGONAL TERMS“. International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, Nr. 20n21 (20.08.2009): 4138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209063328.

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There is increasing evidence that DNA can support a considerable degree of charge transport along the strand by hopping of holes from one base to another, and that this charge transport may be relevant to DNA regulation, damage detection and repair. A surprisingly useful amount of insight can be gained from the construction of simple tight-binding models of charge transport, which can be investigated using the transfer-matrix method. The data thus obtained indicate a correlation between DNA charge-transport properties and the locations of cancerous mutation. We review models for DNA charge transport and their extension to include more physically realistic diagonal-hopping terms.

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17

Nunes, Willian G., Aline M. Pascon, Bruno Freitas, Lindomar G. De Sousa, Débora V. Franco, Hudson Zanin und Leonardo M. Da Silva. „Electrochemical Behavior of Symmetric Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors and Pseudocapacitors and Identification of Transport Anomalies in the Interconnected Ionic and Electronic Phases Using the Impedance Technique“. Nanomaterials 12, Nr. 4 (18.02.2022): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12040676.

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A double-channel transmission line impedance model was applied to the study of supercapacitors to investigate the charge transport characteristics in the ionic and electronic conductors forming the electrode/solution interface. The macro homogeneous description of two closely mixed phases (Paasch–Micka–Gersdorf model) was applied to study the influence of disordered materials on the charge transport anomalies during the interfacial charge–discharge process. Different ex situ techniques were used to characterize the electrode materials used in electrical double-layer (EDLC) and pseudocapacitor (PC) devices. Two time constants in the impedance model were adequate to represent the charge transport in the different phases. The interfacial impedance considering frequency dispersion and blocked charge transfer conditions adequately described the charge storage at the interface. Deviations from the normal (Fickian) transport involving the ionic and electronic charge carriers were identified by the dispersive parameters (e.g., n and s exponents) used in the impedance model. The ionic and electronic transports were affected when the carbon-based electrical double-layer capacitor was converted into a composite with strong pseudocapacitive characteristics after the decoration process using NiO. The overall capacitance increased from 2.62 F g−1 to 536 F g−1 after the decoration. For the first time, the charge transport anomalies were unequivocally identified in porous materials used in supercapacitors with the impedance technique.

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18

Viehland, Larry A., und Martin Hesche. „Transport properties for systems with resonant charge transfer“. Chemical Physics 110, Nr. 1 (Dezember 1986): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(86)85143-6.

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19

Zoppi, Laura, und Kim K. Baldridge. „From charge-transfer excitations to charge-transport phenomena in organic molecular crystals“. International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 118, Nr. 1 (07.06.2017): e25413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.25413.

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20

Jackson, Nicholas E., Lin X. Chen und Mark A. Ratner. „Charge transport network dynamics in molecular aggregates“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, Nr. 31 (20.07.2016): 8595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1601915113.

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Due to the nonperiodic nature of charge transport in disordered systems, generating insight into static charge transport networks, as well as analyzing the network dynamics, can be challenging. Here, we apply time-dependent network analysis to scrutinize the charge transport networks of two representative molecular semiconductors: a rigid n-type molecule, perylenediimide, and a flexible p-type molecule, bBDT(TDPP)2. Simulations reveal the relevant timescale for local transfer integral decorrelation to be ∼100 fs, which is shown to be faster than that of a crystalline morphology of the same molecule. Using a simple graph metric, global network changes are observed over timescales competitive with charge carrier lifetimes. These insights demonstrate that static charge transport networks are qualitatively inadequate, whereas average networks often overestimate network connectivity. Finally, a simple methodology for tracking dynamic charge transport properties is proposed.

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21

Alongamo, Caryne Isabelle Lekeufack, Stanley Numbonui Tasheh, Nyiang Kennet Nkungli, Fritzgerald Kogge Bine und Julius Numbonui Ghogomu. „Structural, Electronic, and Charge Transport Properties of New Materials based on 2-(5-Mercapto-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl) Phenol for Organic Solar Cells and Light Emitting Diodes by DFT and TD-DFT“. Journal of Chemistry 2022 (17.03.2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1802826.

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This work reports on the density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent extension (TD-DFT) study of the structural, electronic, and charge transport properties of 2-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl) phenol (MODP) and some of its transition M2+ complexes (M = Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pd, Pt). Reorganization energy, integral charge transfer, mobility, open circuit voltage, and electronic properties of these compounds have been calculated by employing the global hybrid functional PBE0 in conjunction with the Karlsruhe basis set def2-TZVP. Results show that MODP and its transition metal complexes are good electron donors for organic solar cells (OSC) owing to their relatively higher HOMO and LUMO energies compared to the prototypical (6, 6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Energy gaps ranging between 2.502 and 4.455 eV, energy driving forces (∆EL-L) ranging between 2.08 and 2.44 eV, and large open circuit voltages ( V OC ) ranging from 1.12 to 2.05 eV were obtained. The results also revealed that MODP and its Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes could serve as ambipolar charge transport materials owing to their very small reorganization energies, integral charge transfers, high rate charge transfers, and mobilities. All studied molecules showed OSC donor and hole/electron transport characteristics required by organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Based on these results, new ways for designing charge transport materials for OLEDs as well as donor materials in OSCs are proposed.

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22

Yin, Jun, Kadali Chaitanya und Xue-Hai Ju. „Theoretical design of benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b′:5,6-b′′]tristhianaphthene and its derivatives as high performance organic semiconductors“. Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 14, Nr. 07 (November 2015): 1550058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633615500583.

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In order to probe the effects of substituents (F and CN) attached to benzo[1,2-b:3,4-[Formula: see text]:5,6-[Formula: see text]]tristhianaphthene (BTTP) on their charge carrier transport properties, we investigated the characteristics of molecular structures and charge transport properties of BTTP and its derivatives (BTTP1, BTTP2, BTTP3, BTTP4, and BTTP5). Six crystal structures were predicted by the Monte Carlo-simulated annealing method with the embedded electrostatic potential charges method. Even a subtle change of geometrical structures may result in a great change of the reorganization energy. With increasing numbers of substituted fluorine atoms, the reorganization energy of the BTTP derivative increases, which is disadvantageous to the electron transport. In contrast, the attachment of the electron-withdrawing cyano groups to BTTP decreases the reorganization energy and raises the electron affinity, which is beneficial to electron injection and charge carrier stabilization. The introduction of cyano groups also results in an enhancement of [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] interaction and leads to an increase in the transfer integrals. Among the six compounds, the novel compound BTTP4 has the largest electron mobility (1.154[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]) on account of its larger transfer integral and smaller reorganization energy, indicating that BTTP4 is a promising high-performance n-type organic semiconductor and worth to synthesize. The analysis of angular-resolution anisotropic mobilities for the BTTP and BTTP4 shows that it is helpful to control the orientations of the conducting channels for a better charge transport efficiency. This work provides a rational strategy for the design of high-performance n-type organic semiconductors from molecule to crystal structure.

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23

Takehara, R., K. Sunami, K. Miyagawa, T. Miyamoto, H. Okamoto, S. Horiuchi, R. Kato und K. Kanoda. „Topological charge transport by mobile dielectric-ferroelectric domain walls“. Science Advances 5, Nr. 11 (November 2019): eaax8720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax8720.

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The concept of topology has been widely applied in condensed matter physics, leading to the identification of peculiar electronic states on three-dimensional (3D) surfaces or 2D lines separating topologically distinctive regions. In the systems explored so far, the topological boundaries are built-in walls; thus, their motional degrees of freedom, which potentially bring about new paradigms, have been experimentally inaccessible. Here, working with a quasi-1D organic material with a charge-transfer instability, we show that mobile neutral-ionic (dielectric-ferroelectric) domain boundaries with topological charges carry strongly 1D-confined and anomalously large electrical conduction with an energy gap much smaller than the one-particle excitation gap. This consequence is further supported by nuclear magnetic resonance detection of spin solitons, which are required for steady current of topological charges. The present observation of topological charge transport may open a new channel for broad charge transport–related phenomena such as thermoelectric effects.

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24

Parisi, J., V. Dyakonov, M. Pientka, I. Riedel, C. Deibel, C. J. Brabec, N. S. Sariciftci und J. C. Hummelen. „Charge Transfer and Transport in Polymer-Fullerene Solar Cells“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 57, Nr. 12 (01.12.2002): 995–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2002-1214.

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The development of polymer-fullerene plastic solar cells has made significant progress in recent years. These devices excel by an efficient charge generation process as a consequence of a photoinduced charge transfer between the photo-excited conjugated polymer donor and acceptor-type fullerene molecules. Due to the paramagnetic nature of the radical species, the photo-induced charge transfer can be analyzed by the help of light-induced electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Upon looking at an interpenetrating donor-acceptor composite consisting of the polymer MDMOPPV and the fullerene derivative PCBM, we disclose two well separated line groups having a strongly anisotropic structure. The line shape can be attributed to an environmental axial symmetry of the polymer cation and a lower rhombohedric symmetry of the fullerene anion. Since the signals were found to be independent of one another with different spin-lattice relaxation times, the radical species can be discriminated via separate characterization procedures. In order to study the bulk charge transport properties, we carried out admittance spectroscopy on the polymer-fullerene solar cell device including a transparent semiconductor oxide front contact (ITO/PEDOT:PSS) and a metal back contact (Al). The temperature- and frequency-dependent device capacitance clearly uncovers two different defect states, the first, having an activation energy of 9 meV, indicates a shallow trap due to a bulk impurity, the latter, having an activation energy of 177 meV, can be assigned to an interfacial defect state located between the polymer-fullerene composite and the metal back contac

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25

Voityuk, Alexander A., Notker Rösch, M. Bixon und Joshua Jortner. „Electronic Coupling for Charge Transfer and Transport in DNA“. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 104, Nr. 41 (Oktober 2000): 9740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp001109w.

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26

Soller, H., und A. Komnik. „Charge transfer statistics of transport through Majorana bound states“. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 63 (September 2014): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2014.05.020.

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27

Cho, Seongeun, Hanjong Paik, Tae Wan Kim und Byoungnam Park. „Trap-induced charge transfer/transport at energy harvesting assembly“. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 50, Nr. 4 (29.12.2016): 045501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa50c8.

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28

Nair, Vineet, Craig L. Perkins, Qiyin Lin und Matt Law. „Textured nanoporous Mo:BiVO4 photoanodes with high charge transport and charge transfer quantum efficiencies for oxygen evolution“. Energy & Environmental Science 9, Nr. 4 (2016): 1412–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ee00129g.

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Nanoporous, catalyst-free BiVO₄ films made by a simple spin coating process show a hole-limited charge transport quantum efficiency of ∼70% and >60% charge transfer efficiency for oxidizing water.

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29

Giese, Bernd, Martin Spichty und Stefan Wessely. „Long-distance charge transport through DNA. An extended hopping model“. Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, Nr. 3 (01.01.2001): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173030449.

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Long-distance transfer of a positive charge through DNA can be described by a hopping model. In double strands where the (A:T)n bridges between the guanines are short (n 3), the charge hops only between guanines, and each hopping step depends strongly upon the guanine to guanine distances. In strands where the (A:T)n sequences between the guanines are rather long (n 4), also the adenines act as charge carriers. To predict the yields of the H2O-trapping products one has to take into account not only the charge-transfer rates but also the rates of H2O-trapping reactions.

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30

Liu, Rujia, Yingfei Ma, Xiaoyue Shen und Dengchao Wang. „Quantification of the charge transport processes inside carbon nanopipettes“. Chemical Science 12, Nr. 44 (2021): 14752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sc04282c.

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31

Bouroushian, M. „Charge Transfer in Nanocrystalline Semiconductor Electrodes“. Journal of Nanoparticles 2013 (25.05.2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/953153.

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Nanocrystalline electrodes in liquid junction devices possess a number of unique properties arising from their convoluted structure and the dimensions of their building units. The light-induced charge separation and transport in photoelectrochemical systems using nanocrystalline/nanoporous semiconductor electrodes is discussed here in connection with the basic principles of the (Schottky) barrier theory. Recent models for charge transfer kinetics in normal and unipolar (dye-sensitized) cells are reviewed, and novel concepts and materials are considered.

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32

Alsofi, Giar. „Transport Properties of Hard Carbons“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 4 (22.12.2023): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-024658mtgabs.

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Sodium-ion batteries (SIB) have been heavily researched, as a potential replacement for Lithium ion batteries (LIB) as their components are more readily obtainable, lower cost and they have similar working principles to LIB. Hard Carbon (HC) is the current state-of-the-art anode for SIB material due to its relatively low cost, overall performance and availability. Great effort has been focused into improving and better understanding the overall mechanism of HC, which is still a subject of debate. To better understand the mechanism of, and the obstacles to, charge transfer during charge and discharge of the cell, Hard carbon has been studied at different temperatures. The transitions between different stable and unstable phases are observed which have not been taken into consideration as of now in the literature. Exploring the thermodynamics and kinetics of the cell-system during the charge and discharge at different temperature with different methods, such as Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) provides much-needed insights to elucidate the limits and obstacles to ion transport, which can then be addressed. EIS is one a key tool which provides the exchange current density, a measure of the rates of electron transfer as the ions migrate between the electrolyte and the electrodes, indicating the impedance of the different components in the cell at different frequencies. This is combined with Raman to further investigate these phase changes at different temperature. The understanding gained of the limits and obstacles to charge transfer will be highly beneficial in designing better suited hard carbons to improve their overall cell performance in SIBs.

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ROCHE, STEPHAN, und ENRIQUE MACIÁ. „ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT AND THERMOPOWER IN APERIODIC DNA SEQUENCES“. Modern Physics Letters B 18, Nr. 17 (30.07.2004): 847–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798490400744x.

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A detailed study of charge transport properties of synthetic and genomic DNA sequences is reported. Genomic sequences of the Chromosome 22, λ-bacteriophage, and D1s80 genes of Human and Pygmy chimpanzee are considered in this work, and compared with both periodic and quasiperiodic (Fibonacci) sequences of nucleotides. Charge transfer efficiency is compared for all these different sequences, and large variations in charge transfer efficiency, stemming from sequence-dependent effects, are reported. In addition, basic characteristics of tunneling currents, including contact effects, are described. Finally, the thermoelectric power of nucleobases connected in between metallic contacts at different temperatures is presented.

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Derr, James B., Jesse Tamayo, Eli M. Espinoza, John A. Clark und Valentine I. Vullev. „Dipole-induced effects on charge transfer and charge transport. Why do molecular electrets matter?“ Canadian Journal of Chemistry 96, Nr. 9 (September 2018): 843–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2017-0389.

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Charge transfer (CT) and charge transport (CTr) are at the core of life-sustaining biological processes and of processes that govern the performance of electronic and energy-conversion devices. Electric fields are invaluable for guiding charge movement. Therefore, as electrostatic analogues of magnets, electrets have unexplored potential for generating local electric fields for accelerating desired CT processes and suppressing undesired ones. The notion about dipole-generated local fields affecting CT has evolved since the middle of the 20th century. In the 1990s, the first reports demonstrating the dipole effects on the kinetics of long-range electron transfer appeared. Concurrently, the development of molecular-level designs of electric junctions has led the exploration of dipole effects on CTr. Biomimetic molecular electrets such as polypeptide helices are often the dipole sources in CT systems. Conversely, surface-charge electrets and self-assembled monolayers of small polar conjugates are the preferred sources for modifying interfacial electric fields for controlling CTr. The multifaceted complexity of such effects on CT and CTr testifies for the challenges and the wealth of this field that still remains largely unexplored. This review outlines the basic concepts about dipole effects on CT and CTr, discusses their evolution, and provides accounts for their future developments and impacts.

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Zhu, Lingyun, Yuanping Yi, Yuan Li, Eung-Gun Kim, Veaceslav Coropceanu und Jean-Luc Brédas. „Prediction of Remarkable Ambipolar Charge-Transport Characteristics in Organic Mixed-Stack Charge-Transfer Crystals“. Journal of the American Chemical Society 134, Nr. 4 (18.01.2012): 2340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja210284s.

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36

Kotliar, G. „Strong Correlation Transport and Coherence“. International Journal of Modern Physics B 05, Nr. 01n02 (Januar 1991): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979291000213.

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We discuss the notion of fermi liquid coherence in the different regimes of the Anderson lattice. For finite doping heavy fermion (HF) behaviour results when the kondo exchange energy JK is smaller than the oxygen oxygen overlap tpp. High temperature superconductors (HTS) are in the opposite regime (JK≫tpp). Doping the charge transfer insulator state introduces Zhang Rice singlet like states in the gap. These states, at zero temperature, continuously evolve into Kondo resonances as tpp is increased. The mechanism for destruction of coherence, at finite temperatures, is qualitatively different in the HF and the HTS regime. We study the temperature dependence of the transport coefficients when the charge transfer gap is large, in the temperature regime T≫Tcoh. We discuss our results in connection with the anomalous properties of the copper oxides.

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Hasenburg, Franziska H., Kun-Han Lin, Bas van der Zee, Paul W. M. Blom, Denis Andrienko und Gert-Jan A. H. Wetzelaer. „Ambipolar charge transport in a non-fullerene acceptor“. APL Materials 11, Nr. 2 (01.02.2023): 021105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0137073.

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Charge transport is one of the key factors in the operation of organic solar cells. Here, we investigate the electron and hole transport in the non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) IT-4F, by a combination of space-charge-limited current measurements and multiscale molecular simulations. The electron and hole mobilities are fairly balanced, amounting to 2.9 × 10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1 for electrons and 2.0 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1 for holes. Orientational ordering and electronic couplings facilitate a better charge-percolating network for electrons than for holes, while ambipolarity itself is due to sufficiently high electron affinity and low ionization energy typical for narrow-gap NFAs. Our findings provide a molecular-level understanding of the balanced hole and electron transport in an archetypical NFA, which may play a key role in exciton diffusion and photogenerated hole transfer in organic solar cells.

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Sin, Dong Hun, Hyomin Ko, Sae Byeok Jo, Min Kim, Geun Yeol Bae und Kilwon Cho. „Decoupling Charge Transfer and Transport at Polymeric Hole Transport Layer in Perovskite Solar Cells“. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 8, Nr. 10 (März 2016): 6546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b12023.

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39

Wang, Kun, Andrea Vezzoli, Iain M. Grace, Maeve McLaughlin, Richard J. Nichols, Bingqian Xu, Colin J. Lambert und Simon J. Higgins. „Charge transfer complexation boosts molecular conductance through Fermi level pinning“. Chemical Science 10, Nr. 8 (2019): 2396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc04199g.

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40

Ali, Hayder Hasan. „Efficiency Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Graphene Nanocomposites as Electrons and Holes Transport Layers“. Iraqi Journal of Industrial Research 10, Nr. 3 (14.12.2023): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53523/ijoirvol10i3id372.

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This study investigates the use of TiO2/G and ZrO2/G transport layers in perovskite solar cells. The hydrothermal technique was used to synthesize the transport layers. According to the results, using TiO2/G as an electron transport layer enhances the transfer of negative charges from perovskites, which increases the efficiency of the solar cell. This is thanks to improved electrical conductivity and less loss of negative charges in the transport layer. The positive gap transition from the perovskite layer to the gap transport layer was enhanced using ZrO2/G. The chemical and physical properties of ZrO2/G help to build a strong interface with perovskite, which promotes gap crossing and reduces the loss of positive charges. Regarding the photonic layer, the efficiency of the solar cell increased significantly when CsPbBr3 quantum dots were used as the active element due to their strong abilities to absorb light from the visible light spectrum according to absorption spectrometry measurements. The efficiency of converting light into electrical charges increases because they can absorb more sunlight, including low-level solar energy. Quantum dots have efficient charge transfer paths, which reduces charge loss and improves conversion efficiency. CsPbBr3 quantum dots are chemically and crystallineally stable. These factors work together to increase the efficiency of the perovskite solar cell when using CsPbBr3 quantum dots from 10.004% to 10.425%.

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Venkatramani, Ravindra, Emil Wierzbinski, David H. Waldeck und David N. Beratan. „Breaking the simple proportionality between molecular conductances and charge transfer rates“. Faraday Discuss. 174 (2014): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4fd00106k.

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A theoretical framework is presented to describe and to understand the observed relationship between molecular conductances and charge transfer rates across molecular bridges as a function of length, structure, and charge transfer mechanism. The approach uses a reduced density matrix formulation with a phenomenological treatment of system–bath couplings to describe charge transfer kinetics and a Green's function based Landauer–Buttiker method to describe steady-state currents. Application of the framework is independent of the transport regime and includes bath-induced decoherence effects. This model shows that the relationship between molecular conductances and charge transfer rates follows a power-law. The nonlinear rate–conductance relationship is shown to arise from differences in the charge transport barrier heights and from differences in environmental decoherence rates for the two experiments. This model explains otherwise puzzling correlations between molecular conductances and electrochemical kinetics.

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Sosorev, A. Y. „Modeling of Electron Hole Transport within a Small Ribosomal Subunit“. Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry 48, Nr. 2 (April 2022): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1068162022020224.

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Abstract— Synchronized operation of various parts of the ribosome during protein synthesis implies the presence of a coordinating pathway, however, this is still unknown. We have recently suggested that such a pathway can be based on charge transport along the transfer and ribosomal RNA molecules and localization of the charges in functionally important areas of the ribosome. In the current study, using density functional theory calculations, we show that charge carriers (electron holes) can efficiently migrate within the central element of the small ribosomal subunit—the h44 helix. Monte-Carlo modeling revealed that electron holes tend to localize in the functionally important areas of the h44 helix, near the decoding center and intersubunit bridges. On the basis of the results obtained, we suggest that charge transport and localization within the h44 helix could coordinate intersubunit ratcheting with other processes occurring during protein synthesis.

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Toth, Joseph R., Siddharth Rajupet, Henry Squire, Blaire Volbers, Jùn Zhou, Xie Li, R. Mohan Sankaran und Daniel J. Lacks. „Electrostatic charging of wind-blown dust and implications on dust transport“. E3S Web of Conferences 99 (2019): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199902011.

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It is well known that electric fields occur in wind-blown dust, due to the triboelectric charging of particles as they collide. Triboelectric charging, or contact electrification, is a poorly understood and complex phenomenon. It is especially important in granular systems, as the high surface-to-volume ratio can lead to the build-up of large amounts of charge. A particularly surprising effect, which is important in dust systems, is that charge transfer occurs in systems of a single composition, such that there is a particle-size dependent polarity of the particles. Here, we use a combined experimental and theoretical approach to elucidate the electrostatic charging that occurs during dust storms, and the effects of this electrostatic charging on dust transport. We create laboratory-scale wind-blown dust systems, and study the electrostatic charging. We find that larger particles tend to charge positive and to stay at or near the sand bed, while smaller particles tend to charge negative and get lofted to higher elevations. This self-segregating of charged particles would lead to electric fields within a dust storm. Our results show that electric fields then increase the dust transport by more easily lofting charged particles.

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Pelzer, Kenley M., Álvaro Vázquez-Mayagoitia, Laura E. Ratcliff, Sergei Tretiak, Raymond A. Bair, Stephen K. Gray, Troy Van Voorhis, Ross E. Larsen und Seth B. Darling. „Molecular dynamics and charge transport in organic semiconductors: a classical approach to modeling electron transfer“. Chemical Science 8, Nr. 4 (2017): 2597–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6sc04547b.

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45

WANG, XIN, und SHI-DONG LIANG. „TOPOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CHARGE TRANSFER IN TELOMERE G-QUADRUPLEX: MECHANISM ON TELOMERASE ACTIVATION AND INHIBITION“. International Journal of Modern Physics B 27, Nr. 04 (20.12.2012): 1350001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797921350001x.

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We explore the charge transfer in the telomere G-Quadruplex (TG4) DNA theoretically by the nonequilibrium Green's function method, and reveal the topological effect of the charge transport in TG4 DNA. The consecutive TG4 (CTG4) is semiconducting with 0.2 ~ 0.3 eV energy gap. Charges transfer favorably in the CTG4, but are trapped in the nonconsecutive TG4 (NCTG4). The global conductance is inversely proportional to the local conductance for NCTG4. The topological structure transition from NCTG4 to CTG4 induces abruptly ~ 3nA charge current, which provide a microscopic clue to understand the telomerase activated or inhibited by TG4. Our findings reveal the fundamental property of charge transfer in TG4 and its relationship with the topological structure of TG4.

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Kazemi, Alireza, Sam Vaziri, Jorge Daniel Aguirre Morales, Sébastien Frégonèse, Francesca Cavallo, Marziyeh Zamiri, Noel Dawson et al. „Vertical Charge Transfer and Lateral Transport in Graphene/Germanium Heterostructures“. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 9, Nr. 18 (28.04.2017): 15830–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b01424.

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47

Shaw, Bikash Kumar, und Shyamal K. Saha. „Frequency dependent magneto-transport in charge transfer Co(II) complex“. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 365 (September 2014): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2014.04.048.

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48

Hadi Jabbar Mujbil Al-Aagealy und Mohsin A. Hassooni. „Probability of charge transport through al/GaAs interfaces system using quantum model“. Journal of Wasit for Science and Medicine 7, Nr. 3 (08.03.2023): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/jwsm.372.

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The focus of this paper is on the investigation and the understanding of transition probability of charge at the metal/semiconductor interface depending on the calculation of the rate constant. For this system we can suppose two localized quantum vector states system with a conduction electron state vector l 〉 interacting with an acceptor state vector l 〉 of electron in band of metal with the interacting described by the coupling matrix element. Expression of rate constant of charge transfer for metal/semiconductor system derived upon the quantum model and perturbation theory for transition between l 〉 and I state when the coupling matrix element coefficient smaller than . The probability of the charge transfer rate constant for the metal/semiconductor interface in this context, is basically defined as a relatively to potential barrier between a metal and a semiconductor The probability of charge transfer rate constant evaluated with reorganization energy using a matlap program. Theoretical results obtained for our mode show that the probability of charge transfer is more probable with decreasing the reorganization energy.

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Mishra, Leepsa, Aradhana Panigrahi, Priyanka Dubey und Manas Kumar Sarangi. „Photo-induced charge transfer in composition-tuned halide perovskite nanocrystals with quinone and its impact on conduction current“. Journal of Applied Physics 132, Nr. 19 (21.11.2022): 195702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0123558.

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A facile interfacial charge transfer (CT) with a reduced inter-layer energy band regulates the charge transport mechanism in any optoelectronic device. The enhancement in semiconductor-based device performance often demands improved CT dynamics and collection of free carriers with reduced charge recombination. In this work, we present a detailed inspection of the photo-induced CT between inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) with varied compositions and their consequence on the charge transport process. The superior CT rate in mixed halide CsPbBr2Cl PNCs with naphthoquinone (NPQ) is revealed when compared with the parent CsPbBr3 PNCs and its anion-exchanged counterpart CsPbCl3. The glimpses of hole transfer contribution along with electron transfer are detected for CsPbBr2Cl with superior CT efficiency. The enhanced conduction current after the insertion of NPQ into the PNCs with a reduced hysteresis suggests an improved charge transport in the fabricated device compared to the pristine PNCs. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of multiple ways of engineering optoelectronic devices to boost performance and efficiencies and the concurrent role of the CT process in the conduction mechanism.

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Shen, Dong, Yan Wu, Ming-Fai Lo und Chun-Sing Lee. „Charge transport properties of co-evaporated organic–inorganic thin film charge transfer complexes: effects of intermolecular interactions“. Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, Nr. 47 (2020): 16725–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc04278a.

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Charge transport properties of the organic–inorganic MoO₃ : 6T CTC thin film can be dramatically tuned via rubbing. The effects of intermolecular interactions on these changes are studied in detail.

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