Zeitschriftenartikel: „Transparentní materiál“

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Zaichuk, A. V. „Radio-transparent ceramic materials of spodumene-cordierite composition“. Functional materials 26, Nr. 1 (22.03.2019): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm26.01.174.

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Dierke, H., und R. Tutsch. „Transparente Materialien optisch messen*/Measuring transparent materials by optical means - Consideration of influences of the materials under test“. wt Werkstattstechnik online 105, Nr. 11-12 (2015): 770–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2015-11-12-10.

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Das Messen der Schichtdicke transparenter Materialien mit optischen Methoden ist eine Herausforderung, da das Material des zu messenden Objekts einen erheblichen Einfluss auf das Messergebnis hat. Im Rahmen der Normenreihe DIN 32567 werden systematische Einflüsse und Abweichungen für optische und taktile Messgeräte beschrieben sowie für einige dieser Geräte Verfahren festgelegt, mit denen die Materialeinflüsse bestimmt und korrigiert werden können.   Measuring the film thickness of transparent materials with optical methods is a challenging task because the material of the measuring object has a strong influence on the measuring result. Within the scope of the series of standards DIN 32567, systematic influences and deviations for tactile and optical measuring devices are described. Additionally, for some of these devices procedures are determined to identify and correct the material influences.

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Chong Chen, Chong Chen, Yi Ni Yi Ni, Shengming Zhou Shengming Zhou, Hui Lin Hui Lin und Xuezhuan Yi Xuezhuan Yi. „Preparation of (Tb0.8Y0.2)3Al5O12 transparent ceramic as novel magneto-optical isolator material“. Chinese Optics Letters 11, Nr. 2 (2013): 021601–21603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.021601.

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Kagawa, Yutaka. „Optically Transparent Materials“. Materia Japan 39, Nr. 2 (2000): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.39.113.

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Inoue, Hiroyuki. „Transparent Glass Materials.“ Materia Japan 39, Nr. 2 (2000): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.39.123.

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Kuwabara, Makoto. „Transparent Functional Ceramics.“ Materia Japan 39, Nr. 2 (2000): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.39.132.

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Kagawa, Yutaka, und Hisayoshi Iba. „Optically Transparent Composites.“ Materia Japan 39, Nr. 2 (2000): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.39.137.

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Müller, R., L. Hörauf, C. Speicher und D. Burkhard. „Transparente Produktionsprozesse/Transparent production processes – Information gathering through retrofitting of existing machinery for the transparent control of production processes“. wt Werkstattstechnik online 109, Nr. 04 (2019): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2019-04-21.

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Die Produktion nach Kundenwunsch erhöht die Komplexität in der industriellen Produktion und deren Steuerung. Informationen aus verschiedenen Bereichen und Prozessen sind notwendig, um den Verantwortlichen eine Assistenz in der Produktion zu bieten. Der Beitrag beschreibt das Retrofitting von Materialwagen zum automatisierten Erfassen und Lokalisieren von Beständen in der Produktion von Weißer Ware zur Unterstützung der Steuerungsprozesse mittels Manufacturing Execution System (MES).   Production according to customer requirements increases the complexity and control effort in industrial production. Information from different production areas and processes is necessary to assist those employees in production. The article describes the retrofitting of material shuttle for automated gathering and localization of material in the production of white goods to support the control processes in production via a Manufacturing Execution System (MES).

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Kim, Moojoong, Kuentae Park, Gwantaek Kim, Jaisuk Yoo, Dong-Kwon Kim und Hyunjung Kim. „Collinear Deflection Method for the Measurement of Thermal Conductivity of Transparent Single Layer Anisotropic Material“. Applied Sciences 9, Nr. 8 (12.04.2019): 1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9081522.

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Transparent anisotropic materials have garnered attention along with the growth of the semiconductor and display industries. Transparent anisotropic materials have the characteristic of varying electrical, optical, and thermal properties based on their crystal orientation, and many studies are being conducted on this topic. In order to utilize transparent anisotropic materials properly, thermal properties such as thermal conductivity are essentially required. However, due to the limitations of the existing thermal property measurement methods for transparent anisotropic materials, it is difficult to provide the thermal properties of transparent anisotropic materials. To address this problem, a transparent anisotropic collinear method capable of measuring the effective thermal conductivity of a transparent anisotropic material according to its crystal orientation is proposed in this paper. To this end, the internal temperature distribution of a transparent anisotropic material and the phase delay of the probe beam were theoretically derived through a numerical analysis model that uses a three-dimensional heat conduction equation. This model was applied to anisotropic thermal conductivity with orthorhombic structure. To verify the proposed method of measuring the thermal conductivity of a transparent anisotropic material, the thermal properties of 3 mm-thick A-plane sapphire glass were measured and compared with those of the existing literature. It was confirmed that the absolute errors were less than about 4 W/mk.

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Enoki, Hirotoshi. „Oxide Transparent Electrodes Materials.“ Materia Japan 34, Nr. 3 (1995): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.34.344.

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Yamaguchi, Masayuki, und Kenji Masuzawa. „P-64 Material Design of for Transparent Polymer Blends Composed of Biomass-based Plastics“. Abstracts of ATEM : International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics : Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2007.6 (2007): _P—64–1_—_P—64–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatem.2007.6._p-64-1_.

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Sugimoto, Hideki, Ken Imamura, Kazuki Sakami, Katsuhiro Inomata und Eiji Nakanishi. „Transparent Acryl‐Alumina Nano‐Hybrid Materials with Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion“. Sen'i Gakkaishi 71, Nr. 11 (2015): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.71.333.

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Itoh, Kazuyoshi, Wataru Watanabe, Stefan Nolte und Chris B. Schaffer. „Ultrafast Processes for Bulk Modification of Transparent Materials“. MRS Bulletin 31, Nr. 8 (August 2006): 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2006.159.

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AbstractWhen a femtosecond laser pulse is focused inside a transparent material, the optical intensity in the focal volume can become high enough to induce permanent structural modifications such as a refractive index change or the formation of a small vacancy. Thus, one can micromachine structures inside the bulk of a transparent material in three dimensions. We review the mechanisms of and techniques for bulk modification of transparent materials using femtosecond laser pulses and discuss the fabrication of photonic and other structures in transparent materials, including waveguides, couplers, gratings, diffractive lenses, optical data storage, and microfluidic channels.

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Klement, R., S. Rolc, R. Mikulikova und J. Krestan. „Transparent armour materials“. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 28, Nr. 5 (Januar 2008): 1091–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.09.036.

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Subhash, G. „Transparent Armor Materials“. Experimental Mechanics 53, Nr. 1 (23.10.2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-012-9689-y.

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Ge, Jinjin, und Ying Xu. „A Method for Making Transparent Hard Rock-Like Material and Its Application“. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (25.09.2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1274171.

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At present, a similar material most commonly used in the similarity model experiment of rock blasting is cement mortar. However, it is not transparent, which leads to the problem that the cracks in the model made of cement mortar after the test cannot be observed directly. Therefore, a kind of transparent hard rock-like material that can replace the existing model material to solve the above problem was developed in this study. This transparent hard rock-like material is made of a mixture of rosin saturated solution (RSS), epoxy resin (ER), and curing agent (CA), and its physical and mechanical properties are similar to those of hard rock through relevant tests. In addition, it is found through the blasting model test that the model specimen made of transparent hard rock-like materials has the characteristic of “direct observation” after blasting test, which conforms to the rock blasting fracture mechanism. Hence, it can replace the existing nontransparent model materials to be applied in rock blasting similar model experiment. The results from this study are helpful to the further experimental study of blasting crack propagation in deep rock mass.

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Wang, Xing, und Pei Sheng Xi. „Summary and Analysis of Transparent Soil Tests Technology“. Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (Dezember 2014): 1684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.1684.

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Transparent soil is a kind of material that can be used to observe the internal deformation under different conditions which has the similar characteristics with natural soil. This paper introduced the optical principles and the preparation of raw materials used to composite transparent soil. Stated the development of the transparent soil and summarized the main innovation achievements of the research trials around domestic and foreign. This paper also indicated that the existed tests mainly contrary to transparent sand while transparent clay is rarely involved and then proposed the study ideals and views about transparent clay.

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Kim, Gwantaek, Donghyuk Kim, Sukkyung Kang, Jaisuk Yoo und Hyunjung Kim. „Research on Measuring Thermal Conductivity of Quartz and Sapphire Glass Using Rear-Side Photothermal Deflection Method“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 4 (08.02.2021): 1535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041535.

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As the display industry continues to advance, various new materials are being developed for utilizing microtechnology and nanotechnology in display panels. Among these, transparent materials have been widely applied to the internal wiring of displays and flexible substrates, owing to their high optical transmittance, isotropy, and anisotropy. Thus, measurement of the thermophysical properties of various transparent materials is important. This study measured thermal conductivity by selecting quartz, a transparent isotropic material, and sapphire glass, a transparent anisotropic material, as measurement target materials using a rear-side photothermal deflection method. Measurements were made via a three-dimensional unsteady heat conduction equation, to which complex transformation was applied and numerically analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics. Phase delays for a pump beam and a probe beam for a relative position were derived through a deflection analysis. From the derived phase delays between the numerical analysis and experimental result with optical alignment, the absolute and relative errors of quartz were appropriately confirmed to be 0.069 W/m-K and 5%, respectively, while those of the sapphire glass were likewise confirmed to be 0.55 W/m-K and 1.5%, respectively.

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Barcelos, Daniel Alves, Diana C. Leitao, Laura C. J. Pereira und Maria Clara Gonçalves. „What Is Driving the Growth of Inorganic Glass in Smart Materials and Opto-Electronic Devices?“ Materials 14, Nr. 11 (29.05.2021): 2926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112926.

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Inorganic glass is a transparent functional material and one of the few materials that keeps leading innovation. In the last decades, inorganic glass was integrated into opto-electronic devices such as optical fibers, semiconductors, solar cells, transparent photovoltaic devices, or photonic crystals and in smart materials applications such as environmental, pharmaceutical, and medical sensors, reinforcing its influence as an essential material and providing potential growth opportunities for the market. Moreover, inorganic glass is the only material that is 100% recyclable and can incorporate other industrial offscourings and/or residues to be used as raw materials. Over time, inorganic glass experienced an extensive range of fabrication techniques, from traditional melting-quenching (with an immense diversity of protocols) to chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), and wet chemistry routes as sol-gel and solvothermal processes. Additive manufacturing (AM) was recently added to the list. Bulks (3D), thin/thick films (2D), flexible glass (2D), powders (2D), fibers (1D), and nanoparticles (NPs) (0D) are examples of possible inorganic glass architectures able to integrate smart materials and opto-electronic devices, leading to added-value products in a wide range of markets. In this review, selected examples of inorganic glasses in areas such as: (i) magnetic glass materials, (ii) solar cells and transparent photovoltaic devices, (iii) photonic crystal, and (iv) smart materials are presented and discussed.

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He, Yu, Kaige Liu, Bingxi Xiang, Chaolan Zhou, Ling Zhang, Gang Liu, Xiaoyang Guo, Jianpang Zhai, Tao Li und Ling Bing Kong. „An overview on transparent ceramics with pyrochlore and fluorite structures“. Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 10, Nr. 03 (Juni 2020): 2030001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x20300017.

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Transparent ceramics have potential applications in various areas, including aerospace, relativistic optics industries, medical cares and defense. Specifically, they can be used as laser gain media, armor windows, IR domes, solid-state phosphors, scintillators and electro-optical components. From crystal structure point of view, transparent ceramic materials should have high crystallographic symmetries (cubic, tetragonal and hexagonal), which have minimal birefringent effect. Currently, transparent ceramics are dominantly based on oxide materials, although there are also nonoxides, such as fluorides and nitrides (oxynitrides). Transparent ceramics with pyrochlore and fluorite structures have attracted much attention in recent years, whereas fluorides are not well described in the open literature. Therefore, this paper is aimed to deliver an overview on the progress of the two categories of transparent ceramics, from material processing and characterization point of view.

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Park, Kuen Tea, Moon G. Lee, Dae Sik Jeong, Dong Kwon Kim, Moo Joong Kim, Jai Suk Yoo und Hyun Jung Kim. „Analytical Study of the Thermal and Optical Properties Effect on the Collinear Deflection Method“. Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.353.

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Recently, study of transparent materials, such as thin film form, have an important field for the development of advanced electronic devices. Therefore, the need for the precision thermal property measurement techniques of transparent thin film materials becomes increasing according to the development of these material. The ideal methods for optically measurements of these properties are noncontact method. However, optically measurements are often difficult due to the transparency. So, transparent materials have not enough temperature gradient in the air layer above thin films. To solve this problem, we used the collinear deflection method which is one of the photothermal deflection methods. In the measurement process, both of the pump beam and probe beam are irradiated vertically on the transparent sample. And the probe beam is deflected by refractive index variation of samples due to the temperature gradient inside samples.The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of thermal and optical properties analytically on the collinear deflection method for variable materials.

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Fedorenko, O. Yu, G. V. Lisachuk, M. S. Prytkina, R. V. Krivobok und I. A. Gusarova. „Technical ceramics with predetermined electrophysical properties based on system ZnO—SrO—Al2O3—SiO2“. Scientific research on refractories and technical ceramics 117 (11.07.2017): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35857/2663-3566.117.17.

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Modern high-temperature materials designed to radio-engineering systems protecting from external influences are considered. The obtaining possibility of radio-transparent ceramic, consists of Willemite and Slavsonite, at a temperature of 1200 °C has been studied. It is shown that the obtained ceramic materials satisfy the radio-transparent materials requirements by dielectric characteristics (ε < 10, tgδ = 10–2 ÷ 10–4). It was established that to preserve the concomitant phases of Hannite and Zincite, which impair the dielectric characteristics of the material, it is necessary to maintain the ratio of Willemite to Slavsonite as 1 : 1, taking into account the stoichiometry of these phases. This makes it possible to obtain the radio-transparent ceramic materials of the Willemite-Slavsonite composition with a low dielectric permittivity (ε = 5.9) and insignificant dielectric losses (tgδ = 0.004).

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Wang, Ming Li, und Xiu Yang. „Experiment Techniques of Mechanical Properties of Brittle Materials with Pre-Existing Cracks“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (Oktober 2011): 3908–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.3908.

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Rock mass is a multi-fractured body. Regardless of the size of these flaws, they can reduce the strength of rock materials [1]. As rock is not a transparent material, the process of deformation to failure is difficult to observe. Transparent brittle materials are able to solve this problem. This paper provides a production method of prefabricated defects. And the results prove that the frozen PMMA and glass are very similar with rocks in breaking process and mechanical properties.

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Parker, Andrew R., Barbara P. Palka, Julie Albon, Keith M. Meek, Simon Holden und F. Tegwen Malik. „Biomimetic Transparent Eye Protection Inspired by the Carapace of an Ostracod (Crustacea)“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 3 (08.03.2021): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030663.

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In this study we mimic the unique, transparent protective carapace (shell) of myodocopid ostracods, through which their compound eyes see, to demonstrate that the carapace ultrastructure also provides functions of strength and protection for a relatively thin structure. The bulk ultrastructure of the transparent window in the carapace of the relatively large, pelagic cypridinid (Myodocopida) Macrocypridina castanea was mimicked using the thin film deposition of dielectric materials to create a transparent, 15 bi-layer material. This biomimetic material was subjected to the natural forces withstood by the ostracod carapace in situ, including scratching by captured prey and strikes by water-borne particles. The biomimetic material was then tested in terms of its extrinsic (hardness value) and intrinsic (elastic modulus) response to indentation along with its scratch resistance. The performance of the biomimetic material was compared with that of a commonly used, anti-scratch resistant lens and polycarbonate that is typically used in the field of transparent armoury. The biomimetic material showed the best scratch resistant performance, and significantly greater hardness and elastic modulus values. The ability of biomimetic material to revert back to its original form (post loading), along with its scratch resistant qualities, offers potential for biomimetic eye protection coating that could enhance material currently in use.

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Woo, Yun. „Transparent Conductive Electrodes Based on Graphene-Related Materials“. Micromachines 10, Nr. 1 (26.12.2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10010013.

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Transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) are the most important key component in photovoltaic and display technology. In particular, graphene has been considered as a viable substitute for indium tin oxide (ITO) due to its optical transparency, excellent electrical conductivity, and chemical stability. The outstanding mechanical strength of graphene also provides an opportunity to apply it as a flexible electrode in wearable electronic devices. At the early stage of the development, TCE films that were produced only with graphene or graphene oxide (GO) were mainly reported. However, since then, the hybrid structure of graphene or GO mixed with other TCE materials has been investigated to further improve TCE performance by complementing the shortcomings of each material. This review provides a summary of the fabrication technology and the performance of various TCE films prepared with graphene-related materials, including graphene that is grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and GO or reduced GO (rGO) dispersed solution and their composite with other TCE materials, such as carbon nanotubes, metal nanowires, and other conductive organic/inorganic material. Finally, several representative applications of the graphene-based TCE films are introduced, including solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and electrochromic devices.

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Najafi, S., AS Arabanian und R. Massudi. „Influence of temperature distribution of heat affected zone on transient refractive index modifications of transparent materials“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, Nr. 15 (06.04.2016): 2848–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406216642480.

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Thermoelastic wave equations are numerically solved by using finite element method to study effect of spatial distribution of microscale heat source, created inside transparent material, on physical parameters of heat affected zone. It is observed that temperature distribution has significant effect on spatial and temporal behavior of the displacement, strain, stress and, consequently, on refractive index changes of the material. Therefore, temperature distribution, which can be caused by laser pulse, can be employed as an important parameter to control refractive index profile inside transparent materials.

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Wildner, Wolfgang, und Dietmar Drummer. „Nanofiller materials for transparent polymer composites: Influences on the properties and on the transparency—A review“. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 32, Nr. 11 (18.09.2018): 1547–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705718797157.

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Filler materials are widely used in combination with polymer materials. Conventional filler particles generally cause light scattering and absorption because of their optical characteristic or refractive index difference. With nanoparticles (NPs) as a filler material, it is theoretically possible to manufacture transparent compounds due to their small particle dimensions reducing the interaction with light. Nevertheless, the particles tend to build agglomerates and aggregates which reduce the composite’s transparency considerably. This review gives an overview of the effect different particle materials have on the properties of transparent polymer composites with consideration of the composite’s transparency. There are very few reports on highly transparent and thick (>1 mm) polymer nanocomposites with such an amount of particles that affect other properties of the polymer significantly. In the majority of cases, NPs lead to a significant lower transparency. This indicates that the homogeneous dispersion of the particles is still a major difficulty in producing transparent nanocomposites with enhanced properties.

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Ramya, K. „Radar Absorbing Material (RAM)“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 390 (August 2013): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.390.450.

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This paper briefly outlines the research and development activities in radar absorbing materials. Military defense scientists to the possibility of using coating materials to render aircraft or other military vehicles less visible to radar and, preferably, to control such visibility. The highly conducting surface of a metal vehicle is an excellent reflector of radar, but an absorbing layer would suppress the radar signal at the receiver station. Radar absorbing material currently in military and commercial use are typically composed of high concentrations of iron powders in a polymer matrix. These materials are both very heavy and very costly, two key limitations to their adoption for many applications. The performance of these coatings, particularly those using spherical particles, is dependent upon how closely the spheres are packed together. Thus the most efficient coating would be one approaching the density of solid iron with a minimum amount of resin included to electrically insulate the particles from one another. That is, the attenuation efficiency increases faster than the weight, so that a thinner coating with the same attenuation, can be used, providing an overall weight savings. Unfortunately, the particles, when produced, are of non-uniform diameter and not necessarily uniformly round. A window member composed of a transparent resin or inorganic glass with a transparent conducting film such as gold or ITO coated, is used as an electromagnetic wave shield window for stealth aircraft. However, the transparent conducting film, especially ceramic transparent conducting film such as ITO does not deform sufficiently to follow the deformation of the window material. Therefore the transparent conducting film might crack even with relatively little deformation, which can occur during an actual flight.

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Tuñón-Molina, Alberto, Miguel Martí, Yukiko Muramoto, Takeshi Noda, Kazuo Takayama und Ángel Serrano-Aroca. „Antimicrobial Face Shield: Next Generation of Facial Protective Equipment against SARS-CoV-2 and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, Nr. 17 (01.09.2021): 9518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179518.

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Transparent materials used for facial protection equipment provide protection against microbial infections caused by viruses and bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains. However, transparent materials used for this type of application are made of materials that do not possess antimicrobial activity. They just avoid direct contact between the person and the biological agent. Therefore, healthy people can become infected through contact of the contaminated material surfaces and this equipment constitute an increasing source of infectious biological waste. Furthermore, infected people can transmit microbial infections easily because the protective equipment do not inactivate the microbial load generated while breathing, sneezing or coughing. In this regard, the goal of this work consisted of fabricating a transparent face shield with intrinsic antimicrobial activity that could provide extra-protection against infectious agents and reduce the generation of infectious waste. Thus, a single-use transparent antimicrobial face shield composed of polyethylene terephthalate and an antimicrobial coating of benzalkonium chloride has been developed for the next generation of facial protective equipment. The antimicrobial coating was analyzed by atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy with elemental analysis. This is the first facial transparent protective material capable of inactivating enveloped viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in less than one minute of contact, and the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Bacterial infections contribute to severe pneumonia associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and their resistance to antibiotics is increasing. Our extra protective broad-spectrum antimicrobial composite material could also be applied for the fabrication of other facial protective tools such as such as goggles, helmets, plastic masks and space separation screens used for counters or vehicles. This low-cost technology would be very useful to combat the current pandemic and protect health care workers from multidrug-resistant infections in developed and underdeveloped countries.

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Rodnyi, P. A., K. A. Chernenko, E. I. Gorokhova, S. S. Kozlovskii, V. M. Khanin und I. V. Khodyuk. „Novel Scintillation Material—ZnO Transparent Ceramics“. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 59, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2012): 2152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2012.2189896.

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Yang, Jing-Jing, Ting-Hua Li, Ming Huang und Meng Cheng. „Transparent device with homogeneous material parameters“. Applied Physics A 104, Nr. 2 (09.02.2011): 733–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-011-6330-3.

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Platzer, Werner J. „Solar transmission of transparent insulation material“. Solar Energy Materials 16, Nr. 1-3 (August 1987): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1633(87)90027-x.

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Radziszewska-Zielina, Elżbieta, und Filip Kuraj. „Transparent insulation materials market in Europe“. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 29, Nr. 3 (08.10.2020): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2020.29.3.32.

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This paper presents the European market of transparent insulation materials as viewed by manufacturers. The objective of the study was to analyse the application of transparent insulation materials in the construction sector across Europe, determine the popularity of various technologies and materials used to manufacture them, the competition among transparent insulation manufacturers, investment in the development of new transparent insulation technologies, and trends in demand for transparent insulation in Europe. The analysis was performed on the basis of a survey of manufacturers. The use of transparent insulation is associated with high cost, yet the potential return on investment in the form of savings over the course of a building’s life-cycle convinces many potential developers to apply these materials. Based on the results of the survey, it can be concluded that European companies follow the increase in energy-efficiency and the transparent insulation market is prosperous, yet differs from country to country. It was observed that the positive perception of indirect heat gain transparent insulation systems was the most prevalent in Germany. The paper also explores the situation on the author’s domestic market – the Polish transparent thermal insulation market.

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Nam, Hyun Jin, Sung-Hoon Choa und Se-Hoon Park. „Development and Characteristics of Multipurpose Transparent Polyurethane Film“. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, Nr. 10 (01.10.2021): 5222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19445.

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In industry, recent research developments include flexible films and foldable films. The next step is the development of stretchable films, and studies are being intensively carried out. Research on the development of stretchable and transparent materials is also increasing greatly. Currently, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most commonly used film in the industry. However, PDMS surfaces are hydrophobic, so their use is limited to making materials and compounds with hydrophilic properties. In this study, we developed a transparent polyurethane film that can be used for multiple purposes. A transparency comparison between the transparent polyurethane film and the general polyurethane film was used to verify their future application. The conventional polyurethane films showed a transmittance rate of 2.2 percent, but the transparent polyurethane films achieved a high transmittance rate of 85 percent. To determine whether the film can be realized, we produced a conductive paste using resin for the transparent polyurethane film. In addition, a conductive paste was made based on the material used in the transparent polyurethane film to verify the hardness and reliability of the adhesion of electrodes, and we confirmed this with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The transparent polyurethane based paste was made with stretchable electrodes through a screen printing method. The manufactured stretchable electrodes were demonstrated by mechanical and adhesion tests. Finally, a permittivity test was conducted to determine the suitability of the film for application to printed electrodes for antennas in the future. The genetic rate of transparent polyurethane films was better than that of conventional polyurethane films. Moreover, the adhesion of the transparent polyurethane film and stretchable electrodes was as good as that of conventional polyurethane film and stretchable electrodes, and observation by optical microscopy confirmed that the printing performance was also excellent. In addition, the conductive paste made based on the transparent polyurethane film material was cured for 1 hour at 120 °C, and TGA analysis confirmed that both the binders and curing agent responded well in the test for curing the developed stretchable electrodes and transparent polyurethane.

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Zhou, Li, Shen, He, Zhang, Yu und Tornari. „Tip Crack Imaging on Transparent Materials by Digital Holographic Microscopy“. Journal of Imaging 5, Nr. 10 (01.10.2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging5100080.

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With this study, we propose a method to image the tip crack on transparent materials by using digital holographic microscopy. More specifically, an optical system based on Mach–Zehnder interference along with an inverted microscopy (Olympus CKX53) was used to image the tip crack of Dammar Varnish transparent material under thermal excitation. A series of holograms were captured and reconstructed for the observation of the changes of the tip crack. The reconstructed holograms were also compared temporally to compute the temporal changes, showing the crack propagation phenomena. Results show that the Dammar Varnish is sensitive to the ambient temperature. Our research demonstrates that digital holographic microscopy is a promising technique for the detection of the fine tip crack and propagation in transparent materials.

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Vojtekova, Eva. „Load Bearing Structures of Glass Single-Storey Buildings“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 820 (Januar 2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.820.39.

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Since the period of application curtain wall on skeleton buildings, small single–storey buildings are the great topic for architects. By various means architects have effort to create an impression of floating roof structure, or an illusion of levitating roof over the country. The effect of transparent space, overlapping interior and exterior, is possible to achieve by use of various structural schemes and materials of support structure. Nowadays single-storey transparent buildings are regarded as a phenomenon, which presents progress in architecture from the point of dematerialization of support structures and details of secondary transparent structures. Glass is in contemporary transparent curtain walls used not only as a material of the building skin, but also as the material of the support structure in various structural elements within hierarchy of the load bearing structure. Flat glass sheets forming the building skin could be within the suitable chosen shape of enclosed envelope also load bearing structure.

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Wu, Xiao Li, Yu Zhen Yuan, Han Fa Liu und Yun Yan Liu. „Up-Conversion Mechanisms and Application of Rare Earth-Doped ZnO“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (Februar 2013): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.373.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) the film is a new type of transparent conductive oxides (TCO) material; it has a green environmental application prospect and hopeful to be substitution of indium tin oxide, so it has been the research focus of TCO materials. The rare earth ion like Yb3+, and Ho3+, Er3+shall be applied to satisfy the up-conversion function, and rare earth elements doped ZnO transparent conductive films will prepared. The play is to study the mechanism of up-conversion and energy transitions that the rare earth ions in the ZnO transparent conductive film. Through the theoretical analysis with the performance of the zinc oxide thin films explore optimization scheme, and aim to prepare out doped-ZnO and transparent conductive film that have both excellent photoelectric performance and up-conversion function. This new type of ZnO transparent conductive film with up-conversion function, it will have important theoretical significance in production of green environment materials and good application prospect in the field of sole cells, photoelectric detection luminescent device and so on.

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Wei, G. C. „Transparent ceramic lamp envelope materials“. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 38, Nr. 17 (19.08.2005): 3057–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/38/17/s07.

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Fan, Ziyan. „Potential Transparent Supercapacitor Electrode Materials“. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 772 (31.03.2020): 012107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/772/1/012107.

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Lupei, V., A. Lupei und A. Ikesue. „Transparent polycrystalline ceramic laser materials“. Optical Materials 30, Nr. 11 (Juli 2008): 1781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2008.03.003.

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Spaid, Michael. „Wet-Processable Transparent Conductive Materials“. Information Display 28, Nr. 1 (Januar 2012): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2637-496x.2012.tb00458.x.

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Pratt, Vanessa, und Jay Warner. „Defect inspection in transparent materials“. Sensor Review 20, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2000): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602280010378001.

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43

Patrick, Chris. „Seeing through transparent materials microfabrication“. Scilight 2021, Nr. 32 (06.08.2021): 321101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0005872.

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Morehead, Sarah, Raymond Oliver, Niamh O’Connor, Patrick Stevenson-Keating, Anne Toomey und Jayne Wallace. „The Power of ‘Soft’“. MRS Advances 1, Nr. 1 (2016): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.96.

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ABSTRACTOver the last decade, the explosion in research and Development associated with nanoscalar materials has continued apace. In parallel with this has been the rapid rise of both sustainable materials and, as a consequence, Natural, Cellular and Responsive material systems. Many of these originate from inorganic, inorganic-organic hybrid composites and polymeric and bio-nano polymeric systems which exhibit intrinsic physico-chemical properties that can be classed as ‘soft’. That is flexible, malleable, lightweight, transparent or semi-transparent and stretchable in character and which can also offer both biocompatible and bioresorbable characteristics essential to useable and sustainable material systems.This paper describes some of the ways in which we are beginning to understand, explain and exploit ‘soft’ technology. In particular the interactive role of creative design and innovative material science linked through new fabrication methodologies that have, as their common purpose, a focus on compelling Human centred needs. Examples are health, wellness, ambient assistance and urgent improvements in cleanliness, hygiene and nutrition.

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Ruttanapun, Chesta, Sagulthai Kahatta, Ban Jong Boonchom, Naratip Vittayakorn, Montree Thongkam, Samart Kongteweelert, Somsak Woramongkonchai und Pachenchaiput Chaiyasit. „Optical Properties of Cu_0.95Pt_0.05Fe_0.97Sn_0.03O₂ for p-Type Transparent Conducting Oxide Materials“. Advanced Materials Research 717 (Juli 2013): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.717.15.

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The Cu0.95Pt0.05Fe0.97Sn0.03O2 sample has been synthesized by a solid-state reaction to investigate optical properties of materials of transparent conducting oxide. Crystal structure was characterized by XRD. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity were measured in the high temperature (300 to 860 K), while the XPS and UV-VIS-NIR spectra were analyzed at room temperature. The XRD peaks confirm the samples forming the delafossite structure phase. The Seebeck coefficient reveals the samples displays the p-type conducting. The XPS spectra show the Sn2+ state stabling in this compound. The optical direct gap is 3.45 eV as a visible-transparent material. These results support that the Cu0.95Pt0.05Fe0.97Sn0.03O2 oxide compounds, of which the Cu1+ and Fe3+ sites are substituted by the Pt1+ and Sn2+ ions respectively, are p-type transparent conducting oxide materials.

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Kucherov, Yu S., A. G. Nesterov und A. V. Didenko. „TECHNOLOGY OF CREATION OF RADIO TRANSPARENT ARMOR PROTECTION OF RADIO ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT OF VARIOUS PURPOSES FROM FIRE DESTROYING IMPACT“. Issues of radio electronics, Nr. 5 (08.06.2019): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2019-5-98-104.

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The paper considers the relevance of the work on the creation of radio‑transparent armor protection of radio engineering equipment. A typical design of multi‑layer ceramic armor is considered, the mechanism of interaction of external fire impact and armor protection is disclosed. The complexity of fulfilling the conflicting requirements for ensuring high resistance to fire impact, provided that the necessary radio characteristics are preserved and the mass and size parameters are minimized, is noted. Special engineering solutions have been proposed for meeting the indicated requirements, in particular, the use of compensatory grids in the structure of the material of radio‑transparent armor. A comparison of some ceramic materials and armor steel, using them as the basis of radio transparent armor, is given. The choice of a computing platform with a heterogeneous architecture, which allows the simultaneous use of modules with different architectures in different configurations, during the synthesis of radio‑ transparent armored materials, is substantiated.

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Jiang, Shibin. „Pulsed 2 Micron Wavelength Fiber Lasers for Packaging“. Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2014, DPC (01.01.2014): 002105–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2014dpc-tha33.

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Fiber laser sources near 2um wavelength have attracted intense interest in recent years because of the combination of high laser efficiency, strong absorption of many visible transparent materials, outstanding reliability, as well as retina safety. In this presentation, we report our latest developments of various 2um fiber lasers at AdValue Photonics for packaging applications, especially Q-switched and mode-locked 2um fiber lasers using our proprietary infrared glass fiber technology. We demonstrated and commercialized the first all-fiber Q-switched single-frequency laser at a wavelength near 2um using our proprietary rare-earth doped gain fibers. The laser pulsewidth can be 20ns and 180ns, and the peak power can be more than 10kW. Most transparent plastic materials have a relatively strong absorption near 2 micron wavelength, so 2 micron Q-switched fiber laser is one of the ideal laser for transparent plastic welding, marking, cutting, and drilling. Silicon has a good optical transmission near 2 micron wavelength, which allows 2 micron Q-switched to process the material after pass through the silicon wafer as well as remove residual materials containing any organic components. In this presentation we will describe detailed experimental results and present material processing samples for packaging applications.

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Neuville, Amélie, Louis Renaud, Thi Thuy Luu, Mona Wetrhus Minde, Espen Jettestuen, Jan Ludvig Vinningland, Aksel Hiorth und Dag Kristian Dysthe. „Xurography for microfluidics on a reactive solid“. Lab on a Chip 17, Nr. 2 (2017): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6lc01253a.

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In this paper, we propose a simple method to i) embed transparent reactive materials in a microfluidic cell, ii) observein situand quantify the dissolution of the material in presence of flowing fluids, using a standard interference microscope.

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Tang, Hu-Dan, Zhen-De Zhu, Ming-Li Zhu und Heng-Xing Lin. „Mechanical Behavior of 3D Crack Growth in Transparent Rock-Like Material Containing Preexisting Flaws under Compression“. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/193721.

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Mechanical behavior of 3D crack propagation and coalescence is investigated in rock-like material under uniaxial compression. A new transparent rock-like material is developed and a series of uniaxial compressive tests on low temperature transparent resin materials with preexisting 3D flaws are performed in laboratory, with changing values of bridge angleβ(inclination between the inner tips of the two preexisting flaws) of preexisting flaws in specimens. Furthermore, a theoretical peak strength prediction of 3D cracks coalescence is given. The results show that the coalescence modes of the specimens are varying according to different bridge angles. And the theoretical peak strength prediction agrees well with the experimental observation.

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Zhu, Xiao, Wan-Ying Zhang, Cheng Chen, Qiong Ye und Da-Wei Fu. „Challenge in optoelectronic duplex switches: a red emission large-size single crystal and a unidirectional flexible thin film of a hybrid multifunctional material“. Dalton Transactions 47, Nr. 7 (2018): 2344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt04489e.

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[N(NH₂CH₂CH₂)₃]₂Mn₂Cl₁₂is single crystal that functions as a red-light and/or dielectric switch material. This material explains the advantages of molecular materials and can be converted into transparent unidirectional films.

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