Thematische Bibliographien / Transnational policy document analysis

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Transnational policy document analysis“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 29. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 17. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Transnational policy document analysis"

Ulybina, Olga. „Transnational agency and domestic policies: The case of childcare deinstitutionalization in Georgia“. Global Social Policy 20, Nr. 3 (09.06.2020): 333–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468018120926888.

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This article describes a policy adoption case study about deinstitutionalization of childcare in Georgia since independence. It highlights the evolving and non-homogeneous nature of transnational agency in the area of childcare deinstitutionalization, and offers insights into the complex relationship between transnational agency and national policymaking. The analysis draws on national policy documents, reports of United Nations agencies, the European Union, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and non-governmental organizations that contributed to the evolution of childcare deinstitutionalization in Georgia. We trace several developments: evolution of Georgian domestic policy versus the changing role of childcare deinstitutionalization in activities of various transnational actors. We find that Georgian childcare was shifting towards deinstitutionalization at the same time as global policy actors were developing their interventions in this policy area, showing how a lower middle-income country can develop its domestic social policies in conditions of an incoherent external environment.

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Nordin, Andreas, und Ninni Wahlström. „Transnational policy discourses on ‘teacher quality’: An educational connoisseurship and criticism approach“. Policy Futures in Education 17, Nr. 3 (09.01.2019): 438–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478210318819200.

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In this article, we analyse key policy documents on teacher quality produced by the OECD and the EU during the period 2005 to 2017 using an educational connoisseurship and criticism approach. The purpose of this article is to explore how Eisner’s concepts of educational connoisseurship and educational criticism can be understood and used to analyse educational policy, especially how teacher quality is discursively constructed in transnational authoritative texts on education policy. Eisner’s three aspects of criticism, description, interpretation and evaluation can be utilised in a differentiated critical approach to the analysis of transnational policy documents on education. While the critical descriptive discourse can be viewed as ‘identifying a simple relationship’ between social development and educational needs, the interpretative critical discourse can be regarded as ‘recognising the complexity’ of teachers’ tasks in changing societies and the critical evaluative discourse as ‘recognising and problematising contradictory interests’ that affect teachers’ work. We argue that the philosophical concepts of connoisseurship and criticism contribute to policy research by demonstrating that a multifaceted concept of teacher quality is needed to capture the complex nature of education.

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Barnawi, Osman Z. „EMI-cum-acceleration policy in the contemporary transnational HE market“. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 44, Nr. 2 (07.07.2021): 208–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.20092.bar.

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Abstract Conceptualizing EMI-cum-acceleration policy in a transnational HE market as the regulation and institutionalization of language practices through a chronometrical approach to time for the sake of global economic competition and social mobility, this qualitative case study explores the experiences and enactments of such a policy by six engineering students at Manar University (a pseudonym) in Saudi Arabia. The data were gathered from analysis of policy documents, individual interviews, and a group interview. The findings reveal that the ways in which each student negotiates, resists, and desires such a policy suggest that an individual has some temporal resources and autonomy to make sense of “the acceleration experience” within the broader “structural forces of acceleration” (Vostal, 2016, p. 117) created at the university. It was also found that students are positioned in a double-bind-between the capitalist logic of accumulation and competition (speed), and the democratic value of equity in the EMI program.

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Aminzade, Ronald, Rachel Schurman und Francis Lyimo. „Circulating Discourses“. Sociology of Development 4, Nr. 1 (2018): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2018.4.1.70.

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In recent years, neo-institutional sociologists, political scientists and geographers have engaged in a lively set of theoretical debates about how policy ideas move from one place to another. This paper seeks to engage with claims about global norm diffusion or policy transfer by studying policy discourses on agricultural development in the East African country of Tanzania. Using documents produced by international donors and research institutions, the Tanzanian government, and national and transnational civil society organizations; transcripts of parliamentary debates; and over 30 interviews with policy actors in Tanzania, we identify and compare three discourses that are currently circulating on African agricultural development policy: a global discourse, a dominant national discourse, and a subordinate national discourse. Based on an analysis of these discourses’ similarities and differences—and of the policy coalitions that are promoting them—we advance arguments about (a) the role of national contexts and historical legacies in shaping the diffusion of a global discourse; (b) power dynamics and political contention within the state itself; and (c) the transnational networks of both dominant and subordinate discourse coalitions.

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Koido, Akihiro. „Migration: Diversifying transnational flows under neoliberal transformation“. International Sociology 36, Nr. 2 (März 2021): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02685809211005357.

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Transnational migration to Japan has been developing since the 1980s, despite the fact that the Japanese government has officially denied accepting ‘immigrants’ and maintained a rigid immigration control policy over the years. This contradiction produced multiple gates of entry for migrants and led to the fragmentation of transnational networks of human movement. The neoliberal transformation of Japanese labor markets began in the mid-1990s, and migrant labor played a pivotal role in its restructuring. Sociologists have been dedicated to the analysis of the unique structures of the transnational supply chains and the surrounding constellations of interests in each labor market. Researchers have also identified the emergence of diverse ethnic entrepreneurs beyond their ethnic enclaves and across national borders, while other researchers have examined the structural constraints facing highly skilled workers in Japan. Recently, this transnational structure has been extended to include reproductive spheres of labor allowing the incorporation of nurses, care workers, and domestic workers as migrant workers. Beneath the diversity of types of transnational networks, Japanese sociologists have documented the increasing influence of the migration industry in the commercialization of transnational mobilities.

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Górka, Marek. „The Cybersecurity Strategy of the Visegrad Group Countries“. Politics in Central Europe 14, Nr. 2 (01.09.2018): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2018-0010.

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Abstract The Visegrad Group is the most dynamic transnational group in the Central and Eastern European region, connecting the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary. Together these countries have established a useful framework for engaging with and coordinating policy at a regional level. At the same time, they are implementing EU programmes by creating cooperating networks with neighbouring countries based on their common security needs and strategic culture. This article focuses on the cybersecurity policies of the Visegrad Group countries. My analysis aims to reveal similarities and differences among these states that may be crucial for their future cooperation on a joint Central and Eastern European cybersecurity strategy. A cybersecurity strategy is a basic document created in a governmental context that reflects the interests and security rules at work in cyberspace. This document establishes the framework for future legislation, policies/standards, guidelines and other security- and cybersecurity‑related recommendations. This study is also an attempt to assess the development of cybersecurity policies; as such, it provides an opportunity to hypothesise about the future of cybertechnology in the Visegrad Group region.

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Hamann, Steffi. „Not home-made: Historical and contemporary social policy dynamics in Cameroon“. Global Social Policy 20, Nr. 3 (07.06.2020): 286–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468018120923235.

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Social policy development trajectories in post-colonial sub-Saharan African states deviate from those in highly industrialized countries. Recent research endeavours established broad patterns of global interdependencies dating back to colonialism. This article contributes to these efforts by presenting a case study of the dynamics animating social policy development in Cameroon. It examines the progressive evolution of global determinants and their impacts on Cameroon’s welfare system over three periods: (1) decolonialization and post-colonial restructuring in the mid-20th century, (2) structural adjustment in response to the 1980s’ debt crisis and (3) the contemporary era of market liberalization driven by accelerated economic globalization. The research draws on a mixed-methods approach involving a document analysis and a survey administered in 400 rural households. Findings indicate that horizontal interdependencies were predominant in the establishment phase of Cameroon’s national social insurance scheme, but eventually gave way to vertical interdependencies in the 1980s. Recent efforts to advance economic liberalization represent a return to horizontal transnational forces, given the growing influence of multinational corporations on the country’s social security landscape. The study reinforces existing research insights in showing that, unlike social protection in the global north, social policy dynamics in Africa tend to actively contribute to the marginalization of underprivileged groups.

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Chen, Qiongqiong, und Yuan Li. „Mobility, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation: An Empirical Study on Returned Chinese Academics at Two Research Universities“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 22 (16.11.2019): 6454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226454.

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This study provides an in-depth analysis of the effects of academic mobility on higher education innovation through an empirical study on returned Chinese academics at two research universities in China. Based on data obtained through document analysis and semi-structured interviews with 15 academic returnees, this paper aims to examine the everyday interactions between individual returnees and their environment, with a focus on exploring how different institutional contexts affect returnees’ capacity for integration and innovation. It finds that returned academics play an important role in promoting higher education innovation in China through mobilizing their transnational capital and resources. However, their capacity to innovate is largely subject to their working environment. Evidence from the study suggests that differing institutional contexts make a substantial difference to the reintegration experiences of returnees and to their contributions to institutional changes. This paper provides a window into the changing institutional environment in China and the academic lives of returnees there. It also provides important implications for talent policy decisions.

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Nawaz, Tasawar. „Internationalisation strategy, faculty response and academic preparedness for transnational teaching“. Education + Training 60, Nr. 9 (08.10.2018): 1084–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-09-2017-0141.

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Purpose Transnational education (TNE), interpreted as the mobility of education programmes and providers between countries, has grown exponentially as a worldwide phenomenon in recent years. Higher education institutions (HEIs) have mainly used such opportunities to internationalise their degrees and programmes, and have paid scant attention on preparing academics to teach cross-culturally. As a result, academics being at the coalface of teaching and learning often feel under-informed, under-supported, underprepared and under-confident when it comes to cross-cultural teaching, suggesting that universities have largely failed to prepare their academic faculty members to face the challenges of internationalisation. This is particularly important for new and young players such as the post-92 universities in the UK. However, such institutions have largely been ignored by the previous research in this area. Reverting the research focus on young HEIs, the purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of preparing faculty staff members in the context of a post-92 university in the UK, to teach cross-culturally at partner institutions via the TNE route. Design/methodology/approach The paper adopts Deardorff’s intercultural competency process model to develop a framework (focussing on three core elements of knowledge, skills and attitudes) that could help the academic staff members to prepare for teaching internationally. The paper is based on a detailed analysis of university’s internationalisation strategy, policy documents and related reports for the 1999–2016 period. The initial analysis is further supplemented by 11 interviews with the main stakeholders, i.e. academics, educational developers and policy makers. Findings As the post-92 university in focus, like its counterparts, continues to proliferate its degrees and programmes through the TNE route, academics who are tasked with transnational teaching have an increased responsibility to develop the competencies required to work with learners from diversified cultural backgrounds. However, there has been less interest at university or faculty level in ensuring that academic faculty members who teach in transnational context are prepared for the specific rigours of transnational teaching. Research limitations/implications The research findings have broader implications at individual, organisational and industry-level for individual academic faculty members to progress further in their career, HEIs to improve the quality of training programmes and policies and the HE industry to adjust the strategy towards internationalisation. Practical implications In the absence of any formally structured training, the paper proposes pre-departure informal training workshops/seminars conducted by seasoned academics at faculty, school or department level to help new academics transform their knowledge, skills and attitudes in order to facilitate positive interactions with students in a cross-cultural teaching environment. Although the focus is on one post-92 university; however, the proposed framework could be adopted across HEIs worldwide. Originality/value The paper is based on a detailed analysis of university’s internationalisation strategy, policy documents and related reports for the 1999–2016 period. The initial analysis is further supplemented by 11 interviews with the main stakeholders, i.e. academics, educational developers and policy makers. Informed by the best practices, the paper also discusses the implication of intercultural competencies for cross-cultural teaching.

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Bakker, Felix Ferdin, und Muh Alif Jamil Pratama. „STRENGTHENING THE POSITION OF IMMIGRATION POLICIES IN THE PREVENTION OF TRADE CRIMINAL ACTIONS AND HUMAN STUNNING“. Journal of Law and Border Protection 2, Nr. 2 (10.12.2020): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jlbp.v2i2.194.

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Transnational crime in the territory of Indonesia is increasingly motivated by several pushes and pull factors. First, Indonesia's strategic position makes many people tempted to anchor to Indonesia to make Indonesia a transit country and live and develop. This is worrying because it cannot be denied that foreigners enter a country in an illegal way and cross borders. Second, state borders without immigration documents or other valid documents will create new problems, which of course, can lead to criminal issues. Of course, a policy of equitable borders and controls is the answer to this problem.Another thing that cannot be left out is that establishing a positive law that is firm and binding is the key to the success of this policy. This research study uses normative legal research methods with qualitative data collection juxtaposed with descriptive analysis techniques so that the existing problems regarding transnational crimes, especially human smuggling, can be presented comprehensively and informatively. Outreach to the community as the first informant is one of the keys to community-based surveillance and enforcement management. It is hoped that with the coordination and synergy of problems related to foreign nationals who are the perpetrators of human smuggling crimes, it is expected that it can decrease statistically so that the selective policy principle that is aspired is that only foreigners who provide benefits and have valid documents can enter Indonesian territory and give services to Indonesia's national progress.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Transnational policy document analysis"

Hemzaček, Kristina. „Which Gender Is Being Mainstreamed in Global Politics?“ Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43359.

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Gender mainstreaming is a transnational policy process that has been underway for close to three decades. This paper aims to uncover “which gender is being mainstreamed in global politics” through conducting a textual analysis on twenty global policy documents. The text of the documents was coded into two categories of gender: abolitionist and affirmative. The predictions were that (1) there is a movement toward an affirmative concept of gender and away from an abolitionist one; (2) “women” are being replaced with “gender” in global policies; (3) there is a shift away from sex-based and toward gender-based provisions in global policies; (4) the affirmative concept of gender is being mainstreamed; and (5) that the abolitionist concept of gender is not being mainstreamed. It was found that, out of the five predictions, only the third one is supported by the evidence, i.e., the gender that is being mainstreamed in global politics is abolitionist. Although the results were almost entirely contrary to the predictions, it is important not to underestimate the potential implications of erasing sex-based provisions. In recasting provisions for women as “gender-based” one runs the risk of making them provisions for “femininity”, which consequently could mean limits to female political participation.

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Frith, Robert Carl. „The European Union as a model of transnational democracy : an analysis of three policy sectors“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403814.

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Granier, Benoit. „Circulations transnationales et transformations de l’action publique : la mobilisation des sciences comportementales dans la politique énergétique japonaise (2010-2016)“. Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2046/document.

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Le changement des comportements individuels s'est récemment imposé comme un objectif majeur pour l'action publique, qui mobilise dans cette optique de nouveaux savoirs de gouvernement : les sciences comportementales. Ces savoirs sont employés de manière explicite et croissante dans la politique énergétique du Japon pour réduire la consommation d’énergie des ménages, dans un contexte marqué par l’accident nucléaire de Fukushima et la libéralisation des marchés de l’énergie. Cette thèse examine les facteurs explicatifs et les modalités concrètes de cette transformation significative dans un domaine jusque-là dominé par une approche techno-économique prêtant peu attention aux comportements. Notre analyse associe des perspectives théoriques et méthodologiques issues de la sociologie de l'action publique et des études sur les transferts de politiques publiques pour retracer la genèse et la mise en œuvre de deux expérimentations : celle des réseaux électriques « intelligents » dans les Smart Communities et celle des nudges et des Home Energy Reports de l’entreprise étasunienne Opower. La conduite d’environ quatre-vingt entretiens semi-directifs et l’examen de nombreuses sources écrites ont mis en évidence la place centrale des circulations transnationales dans l’élaboration et la conduite de ces programmes et plus généralement de la politique énergétique de l’archipel.Nous défendons la thèse que la mobilisation des sciences comportementales dans la politique énergétique japonaise résulte d’une multiplicité de facteurs qui questionne l’opposition entre des changements de nature soit endogène soit exogène, et la distinction entre facteurs domestiques et facteurs extranationaux. Le recours à ces savoirs de gouvernement s’explique en effet par la capacité d’un petit groupe d’acteurs programmatiques japonais à introduire dans la politique énergétique des sciences et des instruments originaires de l’étranger, en réponse à des enjeux spécifiques au Japon. Notre analyse microsociologique des stratégies de ces acteurs invite à une endogénéisation de l’explication du changement intégrant les facteurs exogènes et les dynamiques extranationales. La mobilisation des sciences comportementales dans la politique nippone résulte indissociablement de l’essor de ces savoirs dans la recherche et l’action publique aux États-Unis et en Europe, des stratégies d’acteurs transnationaux, étasuniens et japonais, et de la prégnance des enjeux climatiques et énergétiques sur l’archipel. Nous suggérons par ailleurs que les États-Unis sont au cœur de la circulation des sciences comportementales dans le domaine de l’énergie, et que le recours à ces savoirs dans l’action publique s’explique par, outre leur succès académique, leur dimension « pratique » et « consensuelle »
In recent years, changing individual behaviours has become a key issue for public policy, which has been mobilising new bodies of knowledge, namely behavioural sciences. These are explicitly and increasingly used in Japan’s energy policy in order to lower household energy consumption, in the context of both the Fukushima nuclear disaster and the liberalisation of the energy markets. My dissertation investigates the explanatory factors and the implementation of this significant change in a policy domain which was so far marked by a techno-economic approach paying little attention to behavioural issues. Drawing on theoretical and methodological perspectives from public policy analysis and policy transfer studies, I analyse the genesis and the implementation of two large-scale programs: first, the smart grid social experiments named Smart Communities; second, the Opower’s Home Energy Reports pilot study. Building on about eighty semi-structured interviews and on a wide variety of written sources, I emphasise the major role played by transnational circulations in the design and the implementation of these programs, and more broadly in Japan’s energy policy.I argue that the mobilisation of behavioural sciences in Japan’s energy policy results from manifolds factors which question the opposition between the endogenous and exogenous nature of policy change, as well as the distinction between domestic and extranational factors. Indeed, the use of this body of knowledge can be explained by the strategies of a few stakeholders who achieved to introduce new policy ideas and tools coming from abroad, in response to issues faced by the Japanese Government. Through a micro-sociological analysis of their strategies, I suggest to endogenize the explanation of policy change while integrating exogenous factors and extranational dynamics. The mobilisation of behavioural sciences in Japan’s energy policy results inseparably from the expansion of this body of knowledge in academia and in public policy in the US and in Europe; from the strategies of transnational, Japanese and American stakeholders; and from the stringency of climate and energy problems in Japan. The US plays a central role in the transnational circulation of behavioural sciences in the energy field, which can be explained by the “practical” and “consensual” dimension of these sciences

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Ó, Foghlú Mícheál. „Science, engineering and technology research funding policy in Ireland 1995-2008 : a policy document analysis“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1451/.

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In the period 1995 to 2008 there has been an increased level of government funding for research and development in higher education institutions in Ireland. This thesis analyses the evolving theoretical literature on the production of knowledge, and traces how models of research and innovation have evolved in the contemporary period. Four models are discussed: (i) linear model, (ii) national systems of innovation, (iii) mode-2 science, and (iv) triple helix. The thesis presents a detailed analysis of a series of public documents produced in Ireland in the period, and discusses how each one relates to the theoretical background. Some of these relationships are explicit, where documents cite key authors and the models as discussed in the theoretical literature. Some of the relationships are implicit, where the manner in which the process of research and development is described implies that certain models are being assumed. The thesis subsequently discusses the results of this analysis, where it seems that the Irish policy literature is moving away from an engagement with at least some of these theoretical models, towards a very operationalised implementation strategy. This is epitomised by the development of the Strategy for Science Technology and Innovation. The thesis finally makes a number of recommendations for policy makers, advising the more detailed study and analysis of Ireland's own national system of innovation, and the prioritisation of the use of research funding to build up capabilities in identified areas of this system that are weak.

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Davin, Marion. „Essays on growth and human capital : an analysis of education policy“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2018/document.

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Cette thèse se compose de quatre essais théoriques, portant sur le capital humain et la croissance. L'objectif est de proposer de nouvelles approches afin de mieux identifier l'impact des politiques éducatives. Plus précisément, dans les chapitres un à trois, nos analyses sont menées dans un cadre à deux secteurs, dans la mesure où les différents secteurs qui composent une économie ne sont pas influencés de la même façon par l'éducation. Dans le quatrième chapitre nous nous intéressons aux enjeux politiques liés à la gestion des problèmes environnementaux en considérant le lien entre éducation et environnement
This dissertation consists of four essays on human capital and growth. It aims at proposing approaches to better understand the influence of education policy. Specifically, we take into account sectoral properties, since education does not affect each sector in the same way. We also deal with the link between education and the environment, to address environmental challenges that are one of the major political issues

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Kustulasari, Ag. „The International Standard School Project in Indonesia: a Policy Document Analysis“. Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1242851740.

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Ruiz, Arredondo José Vicente. „Analysis and evaluation of economic policy instruments for environmental control in Mexico“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E021/document.

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La présente thèse analyse les principaux aspects du défi de la durabilité des ressources en eau au Mexique avec l'objectif de contribuer à la littérature économique et d'alimenter par les faits l'élaboration de politiques. Elle est composée de trois chapitres. Le premier chapitre analyse la distorsion causée par les subventions à l'électricité et leurs effets sur la surexploitation des nappes phréatiques. Il contribue à la littérature en fournissant des estimations sur les élasticités prix-croisés liées à la demande d'eau d'irrigation au Mexique. Les résultats montrent que les changements dans le prix de l'eau souterraine affectent la quantité d'eau pompée ainsi que la répartition du travail et des engrais. Le deuxième chapitre étudie les effets des inspections environnementales sur l'extraction illégale de l'eau dans les municipalités mexicaines. Les résultats montrent que le programme d'inspection mené par l'agence de l'eau au Mexique a un impact sur le nombre d'irrigants ne possédant pas de concession valide. Toutefois, des efforts supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour améliorer la capacité des bureaux régionaux et permettre au programme d'avoir un effet substantiel sur la durabilité de l'eau. Enfin, le troisième chapitre aborde certaines des préoccupations liées au changement climatique en analysant les effets des périodes de sécheresse et des inondations sur la migration interne au Mexique. Les résultats montrent que la sécheresse comme les inondations agissent comme facteurs d'incitation à la migration interne. En outre, les écarts de revenu, les homicides, et le niveau d'éducation sont des facteurs clés pour la migration interne
The sustainability or water resources in Mexico is challenged, among other things, by inadequate regulation tools, limited enforcement capacity, and the uncertainty related to climate change. This thesis analyses key aspects of these challenges with the overall objective of contributing to the economic literature and providing inputs for evidence based policy making. The thesis is composed of three chapters. The first chapter looks at the mechanisms regulating groundwater extraction. In particular, it analyses the distortion caused by electricity subsidies and their effects on groundwater overdraft. It contributes to the existing literature by providing estimates on cross-price elasticities related to irrigation water demand in Mexico. The results of this chapter show that changes in the price of ground water not only affect the amount of water pumped, but also the allocation of labour and fertilizers. The second chapter studies the effects of environmental inspections on illegal water extraction across Mexican municipalities. Results show that the main inspection program led by Mexico's water agency does have an impact on the number of irrigators extracting water without a valid concession. However, further efforts improving the capacity of regional offices are required for this program to have a substantive effect on water sustainability. Finally, the third chapter addresses some of the concerns related to climate change by analyzing the effects of droughts and floods on internal migration trends in Mexico. Results show that both droughts and floods act as push factors for internal migration. In addition, results also show that income differential, murders, and educational attainments are key drivers for internal migration in the country

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Cassanos, Sam. „Political Environment and Transnational Agency: a Comparative Analysis of the Solidarity Movement For Palestine“. Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1273954268.

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Ponomarenko, Alexey. „Essays on monetary analysis in Russia“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAB005/document.

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Dans la présente thèse on voit présenter les résultats de différends aspects de l'analyse monétaire de l'économie russe. En général, c'est une recherche principalement neuve, car autrefois cette méthode n'a pas été appliquée à l'égard de la Russie. Dans certains cas notre apport dans les recherches dans ce domaine consiste non seulement en analyse notamment pour la Russie, mais aussi en application de nos instruments pour un groupe plus étendu de pays avec l'économie de transition
This dissertation presents the results of different aspects of monetary analysis for the Russian economy. This is mostly a novel research that was not applied to Russia previously. In some cases we contribute to the literature not only by conducting Russia-specific analysis but also by applying our tools to the cross-section of emerging market economies

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Diallo, Ibrahima Amadou. „Exchange rates policy and productivity“. Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF10405/document.

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Cette thèse étudie comment le taux de change effectif réel (TCER) et ses mesures associées (volatilité du TCER et désalignement du TCER) affectent la croissance de la productivité totale des facteurs (CPTF). Elle analyse également les canaux par lesquels le TCER et ses mesures associées agissent sur la productivité totale des facteurs (PTF). La première partie étudie comment le TCER lui-Même, d'une part, et la volatilité du TCER, d'autre part, influencent la productivité. Une analyse du lien entre le niveau du TCER et la PTF dans le chapitre 1 indique qu'une appréciation de taux de change cause une augmentation de la PTF. Mais cet impact est également non- inéaire: en-Dessous du seuil, le TCER influence négativement la productivité tandis qu'au-Dessus du seuil il agit positivement. Les résultats du chapitre 2 illustrent que la volatilité du TCER affecte négativement la CPTF. Nous avons également constaté que la volatilité du TCER agit sur PTF selon le niveau du développement financier. Pour les pays modérément financièrement développés, la volatilité du TCER réagit négativement sur la productivité et n'a aucun effet sur la productivité pour les niveaux très bas et très élevés du développement financier. La deuxième partie examine les canaux par lesquels le TCER et ses mesures associées influencent la productivité. Les résultats du chapitre 3 illustrent que la volatilité du TCER a un impact négatif élevé sur l'investissement. Ces résultats sont robustes dans les pays à faible revenu et les pays à revenu moyens, et en employant une mesure alternative de volatilité du TCER. Le chapitre 4 montre que le désalignement du taux de change réel et la volatilité du taux de change réel affectent négativement les exportations. Il démontre également que la volatilité du taux de change réel est plus nocive aux exportations que le désalignement. Ces résultats sont corroborés par des résultats sur des sous-Échantillons de pays à bas revenu et à revenu moyen
This dissertation investigates how the real effective exchange rate (REER) and its associated asurements (REER volatility and REER misalignment) affect total factor productivity growth (TFPG). It also analyzes the channels through which the REER and its associated measurements act on total factor productivity (TFP). The first part studies how the REER itself, on the one hand, and the REER volatility, on the other hand, influence productivity. An analysis of the link between the level of REER and TFP in chapter 1 reveals that an exchange rate appreciation causes an increase of TFP. But this impact is also nonlinear: below the threshold, real exchange rate influences negatively productivity while above the threshold it acts positively. The results of chapter 2 illustrate that REER volatility affects negatively TFPG. We also found that REER volatility acts on TFP according to the level of financial development. For moderately financially developed countries, REER volatility reacts negatively on productivity and has no effect on productivity for very low and very high levels of financial development. The second part examines the channels through which the REER and its associated measurements influence productivity. The results of chapter 3 illustrate that the exchange rate volatility has a strong negative impact on investment. This outcome is robust in low income and middle income countries, and by using an alternative measurement of exchange rate volatility. Chapter 4 show that both real exchange rate misalignment and real exchange rate volatility affect negatively exports. It also demonstrates that real exchange rate volatility is more harmful to exports than misalignment. These outcomes are corroborated by estimations on subsamples of Low- ncome and Middle-Income countries

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Bücher zum Thema "Transnational policy document analysis"

Āyoga, Nepal Rāshṭriya Yojanā. Poverty monitoring & analysis system: Framework document. Kathmandu: National Planning Commission, 2004.

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Planning, Canada Employment and Immigration Canada (Dept ). Strategic Policy and. Planning environment assessment document: Trends and perspectives. [Ottawa]: Strategic Policy and Planning, Planning Branch, 1988.

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Commission, European. Education, training, research: The obstacles to transnational mobility : green paper : document drawn up on the basis of COM(96) 462 final. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1996.

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Cordell, H. Ken. An Analysis of the outdoor recreation and wilderness situation in the United States, 1989-2040: A technical document supporting the 1989 RPA Assessment. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1990.

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Faifā, Laos Kom. Hāng ʻēkasān māttathān khumkhō̜ng singvǣtlō̜m samlap khōngkān faifā: ʻēkasān 2 = Environmental management standards for electricity projects in Lao PDR, final draft : document 2. Vientiane]: Kasūang ʻUtsāhakam læ Hatthakam, Kom Faifā, 2002.

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Centre on Transnational Corporations (United Nations), Hrsg. Climate change and transnational corporations: Analysis and trends. New York: United Nations, 1992.

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Building policy skills in South Africa: A resource document on policy analysis. Johannesburg, South Africa: Centre for Development and Enterprise, 1995.

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Gender-based analysis: A guide for policy-making (Working document). Status of Women Canada, 1996.

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Environment assessment reform: Summary document. [Regina, Sask.]: Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management, 1994.

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Environmental assessment in Zimbabwe, policy position paper: Public discussion document. Causeway, Harare: Zimbabwe, Ministry of Environment and Tourism, 1994.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Transnational policy document analysis"

Niţoiu, Cristian. „The Transnational Level“. In The EU Foreign Policy Analysis, 87–117. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137491985_5.

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Peers, Chris. „Policy Analysis and Document Research“. In International Handbook of Early Childhood Education, 203–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0927-7_8.

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Karppinen, Kari, und Hallvard Moe. „Texts as Data I: Document Analysis“. In The Palgrave Handbook of Methods for Media Policy Research, 249–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16065-4_14.

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Macpherson, Ian. „An Analysis of Power in Transnational Advocacy Networks in Education“. In The Handbook of Global Education Policy, 401–18. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118468005.ch22.

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Agustín, Lise Rolandsen. „Policy making, Institutionalization, and Collective Mobilization: A Model for Transnational Intersectional Analysis“. In Gender Equality, Intersectionality, and Diversity in Europe, 25–48. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137028105_2.

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Kutsyuruba, Benjamin. „Using Document Analysis Methodology to Explore Educational Reforms and Policy Changes in Post-Soviet Ukraine“. In Reimagining Utopias, 199–214. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6351-011-0_12.

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Gunnarsson, Britt-Louise. „Multilingualism within Transnational Companies: An Analysis of Company Policy and Practice in a Diversity Perspective“. In Language and the Market, 171–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-29692-3_15.

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Witt, M. Allison. „Transnational Education Policy and a Globally Competitive Workforce: A Comparative Analysis of Vocational Education and Training Policy in the European Union and the United States“. In Handbook of Comparative Studies on Community Colleges and Global Counterparts, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38909-7_4-1.

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Witt, M. Allison. „Transnational Education Policy and a Globally Competitive Workforce: A Comparative Analysis of Vocational Education and Training Policy in the European Union and the United States“. In Handbook of Comparative Studies on Community Colleges and Global Counterparts, 83–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50911-2_4.

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Zaytsev, Dmitry, Nikita Talovsky, Valentina Kuskova und Gregory Khvatsky. „The Entity Name Identification in Classification Algorithm: Testing the Advocacy Coalition Framework by Document Analysis (The Case of Russian Civil Society Policy)“. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 276–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37334-4_25.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Transnational policy document analysis"

Kilicay-Ergin, Nil, und Adrian S. Barb. „Smart City Document Evaluation to Support Policy Analysis“. In 2020 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/syscon47679.2020.9275834.

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Zhang Rugen. „Notice of Retraction: International technology transfer effectiveness analysis and policy indications of transnational company“. In 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Engineering (ICISE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icise.2010.5691606.

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Liu, Yang, und Jing Cheng. „Analysis on the Financing Structure of Chinese Transnational Enterprises——Under the Constraints of Policy System Environment“. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Social Science and Management Innovation (SSMI 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssmi-19.2019.51.

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Liu, Yang, und Jing Cheng. „Analysis on the Financing Structure of Chinese Transnational Enterprises under the Constraints of Policy System Environment“. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Social Science and Management Innovation (SSMI 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssmi-19.2019.11.

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González, Manuel Joaquín Fernández, Svetlana Surikova und Tamara Pigozne. „Adaptation of a Teacher Training Programme for Character Education to the Latvian Context“. In 78th International Scientific Conference of University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2020.01.

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This paper presents an analysis of the quality of the adaptation of the transnational teacher training programme for character education “Arete catalyst” to the socio-cultural context of Latvia. Based on the theory of cultural adaptation of educational programmes, and on a qualitative analysis of documentary sources, the quality of the adaptation was discussed by comparing the features of the adapted programme with Latvian societal needs and policy makers’ guidelines for character education (research question 1), and with the legal and institutional requirement for teacher training (research question 2). The findings revealed that the adapted Latvian programme responds widely to the needs of Latvian society and of the educational sector regarding character and virtue education, and addresses values and virtue education, as foreseen in the governmental guidelines for upbringing at school. It also complies with the Law of Education and the regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers regarding the professional development of teachers, and with the rules for approval and implementation of teacher training programmes at the University of Latvia. The adaptation process described can be useful for academics adapting existing programs to new socio-cultural contexts. This work should be continued by piloting and refining the adapted programme.

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Lina, Al Eassa. „FOSTERING RESILIENCE IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE 2015 EUROPEAN NEIGHBORHOOD POLICY REVIEW׃ EVIDENCE FROM JORDAN“. In NORDSCI International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2020/b2/v3/13.

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Resilience has become a priority for the EU in its 2015 European Neighborhood Policy review (ENP), It refers to building state and societal resilience of the Union as a whole, its members and the EU׳s neighbors including Jordan, a strategic southern partner of the EU. In this regard, the EU Building resilience in Jordan in response for crises as the Syrian refugee crisis seems workable but the EU needs to foster it. Thus, this paper’s question is How can the EU foster resilience after it has become a priority in its 2015 (ENP) review in case of Jordan? While many scholars like David Chandler argues that the EU could foster resilience in its neighboring countries by making it a local self-governing project and not an external imposed project where the EU has the mission of monitoring and assessment, in this paper, based on document analysis from official websites for the EU and Jordan including their official bilateral and multilateral agreements and textual analysis of the current literature on building resilience I argue that fostering resilience requires both presenting resilience as a self-governing project with a greater engagement of the Jordanian government, local community and its civil society, at the same time , it needs a better mechanism for the EU in monitoring and assessment, and more importantly helping Jordan to establish the best institutional design that could foster state and societal resilience in Jordan.

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Holešinská, Andrea. „Evaluace politiky cestovního ruchu ČR za období 2014-2020“. In XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-38.

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The paper deals with the evaluation of the state tourism policy of the Czech Republic. Primarily it focuses on the accomplishment of the strategic document the Concept of the State Tourism Policy of the Czech Republic for 2014-2020. The activities related to particular measures are examined and as well as the implementation of tools used by the state tourism policy is analysed. The state tourism policy of the Czech Republic is also confronted with the theoretical background. Therefore, the attention is paid to the decision-making process, the legitimacy of state interference in tourism and the role of the state in tourism policy. It is emphasized that external factors (e.g. global trends or COVID-19) have an impact on the decision-making process and the direction of tourism policy. The paper is based on the qualitative analysis of documents, which is supported by the analysis of secondary data sources.

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Rezer, Tatiana. „History of Corruption & Social Values“. In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-75.

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A study of the history of corruption and the penalties for it has inadvertently led to the conclusion that this socially dangerous phenomenon not only fails to disappear from public administration, but continues to remain and increase, having the features of a transnational phenomenon that affects societies and economies of all countries. Throughout history, there has been an evolution of corruption parallel to the evolution of the state. Corruption undermines democratic institutions and values and the ethical values of the individual, leading to a double standard of behaviour in both public service and civil society. In Russia, corruption is recognised by both officials and the population. The main purpose of the study is to examine the manifestation of corruption and methods of counteracting it from a historical perspective. Objectives: analyse the forms and methods of corruption control as viewed through the prism of historical experience; consider contemporary manifestations of corruption from a position of social values. Research methods: a comparative analysis method to investigate the manifestation of corruption and the possibilities for its prevention from a historical perspective. Main conclusions: corruption is a multi-faceted and multi-dimensional phenomenon that is seen and studied as an economic, political, social and cultural problem; social values are the basis of a modern preventive mechanism against corruption; public policy against corruption is the main mechanism and strategy.

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Milanović, Biljana, Zdavko Bijelić, Mitar Bijelić und Željka Bijelić. „System Analysis of Possibilities and Limitations of Development and Production of Electricity in Renrewable Source“. In 34th International Congress on Process Industry. SMEITS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/ptk.021.34.1.173.

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System analysis is a key research document in the decision-making function related to the construction of small renewable energy sources in a given area. The problem must be viewed with multiple aces. When it comes to opportunities, it is crucial to analyze energy potentials, investment opportunities and economic effects. The issue of restrictions should be viewed from the aspect of environmental protection, other security risks and the aspect of long-term energy policy of legal regulations. A special segment of the analysis should be the analysis of domestic knowledge for the successful management of the project of construction of small renewable sources. Analogous to the production of industrial products in small plants and small series, the production of electricity in small renewable sources has a much higher cost price than in large sources. Due to this fact, the production of electricity in small sources of electricity is profitable if it is not delivered through distribution systems, but is delivered directly to the consumer in the immediate vicinity. The construction of modern process industry plants that would have their own electricity from renewable sources is a development opportunity for Serbia. In the variant of more numerous approach, space is opened for the development and production of equipment for small sources of electricity in Serbia

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Sperry, Ben, und Curtis Morgan. „Case Study of Cluster Analysis in Intercity Passenger Rail Planning and Marketing“. In 2011 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2011-56025.

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Recent policy and regulatory initiatives have established new momentum for intercity passenger rail among planners, policymakers, and the general public. As a result, there is a great interest in developing new passenger rail lines and expanding existing routes in intercity corridors across the country. Moving forward, there exists a need to understand how current passenger rail services are being utilized, who is riding them, and what changes could be implemented to existing routes to attract ridership — as well as to document lessons learned from existing lines that can aid service development planning for newly proposed routes. In this paper, cluster analysis is applied to passenger survey data obtained in 2007 from riders of three Amtrak routes in the state of Michigan, USA. Cluster analysis is a multivariate data analysis method used extensively in marketing and customer profile research which seeks to identify similarities among potential customers that are not immediately evident using traditional grouping techniques. Data used in the formation of the passenger clusters include traveler alternatives to the passenger rail service and the importance of service attributes, on-board activities, and station amenities. These variables and other data from the passenger survey are then used to characterize the identified clusters in terms of what kinds of passengers are in each cluster and how these passengers benefit from the rail service. The passenger clusters are also analyzed for their potential response to service improvements such as reduced travel time, increased service frequencies, or improved intermodal connections. The findings of this case study can be applied in a number of activities related to intercity passenger rail service planning for existing as well as proposed routes. The findings provide valuable insight into the needs and preferences of current passengers and can be used to formulate strategies for equipment investments or the development of new on-board amenities. From a policy perspective, passengers’ preferences for alternative travel modes in the absence of the rail service reveal how the rail service supports intercity mobility for each of the clusters. Finally, from the cluster profile, potential strategies to attract new riders can be identified. The results show that clustering analysis methodology applied in this case study is a valuable tool for intercity passenger rail planning.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Transnational policy document analysis"

Batchelor, K. Upgraded safety analysis document including operations policies, operational safety limits and policy changes. Revision 2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), März 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/226065.

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Kumar, Indraneel, Lionel Beaulieu, Annie Cruz-Porter, Chun Song, Benjamin St. Germain und Andrey Zhalnin. An Assessment of the Workforce and Occupations in the Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction Industries in Indiana. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315018.

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This project explores workforce and occupations within the highway, street, and bridge construction industries (NAICS 237310) in Indiana. There are five specific deliverable comprised of three data reports, one policy document, and a website. The first data report includes an assessment of the workforce based on the eight-part framework, which are industry, occupations, job postings, hard-to-fill jobs, Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP), GAP Analysis, compatibility, and automation. The report defines a cluster followed by a detailed analysis of the occupations, skills, job postings, etc., in the NAICS 237310 industry in Indiana. The report makes use of specialized labor market databases, such as the Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI), CHMURA JobsEQ, etc. The analysis is based only on the jobs covered under the unemployment insurance or the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) data. The second data report analyzes jobs to jobs flows to and from the construction industry in Indiana, with a particular emphasis on the Great Recession, by utilizing the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data. The third data report looks into the equal employment opportunity or Section 1391 and 1392 data for Indiana and analyzes specific characteristics of that data. The policy report includes a set of recommendations for workforce development for INDOT and a summary of the three data reports. The key data on occupations within the NAICS 237310 are provided in an interactive website. The website provides a data dashboard for individual INDOT Districts. The policy document recommends steps for development of the highways, streets and bridges construction workforce in INDOT Districts.

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Johnson, Mark, John Wachen und Steven McGee. Entrepreneurship, Federalism, and Chicago: Setting the Computer Science Agenda at the Local and National Levels. The Learning Partnership, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/conf.2020.1.

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From 2012-13 to 2018-19, the number of Chicago Public Schools (CPS) high school students taking an introductory computer science course rose from three thousand per year to twelve thousand per year. Our analysis examines the policy entrepreneurship that helped drive the rapid expansion of computer science education in CPS, within the broader context of the development of computer science at the national level. We describe how actions at the national level (e.g., federal policy action and advocacy work by national organizations) created opportunities in Chicago and, likewise, how actions at the local level (e.g., district policy action and advocacy by local educators and stakeholders) influenced agenda setting at the national level. Data from interviews with prominent computer science advocates are used to document and explain the multidirectional (vertical and horizontal) flow of advocacy efforts and how these efforts influenced policy decisions in the area of computer science. These interviews with subsystem actors––which include district leaders, National Science Foundation program officers, academic researchers, and leaders from advocacy organizations––provide an insider’s perspective on the unfolding of events and highlight how advocates from various organizations worked to achieve their policy objectives.

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Saville, Alan, und Caroline Wickham-Jones, Hrsg. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, Juni 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.

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