Dissertationen zum Thema „Transferts forcés de population“
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Parisi, Chiara. „Déplacements forcés de population et droit international“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ0033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleForced displacement constitutes an ancestral phenomenon, which has spanned centuries and geographical spaces. International law has incorporated it progressively, notably from the creation and development of international criminal justice mechanisms. The causes of forced population displacements are multiple and constantly evolving. These include armed conflicts, systematic violations of human rights, natural and man-made disasters, the effects of climate change, as well as major development projects. Depending on this classification, relevant rules and standards develop within the different specialized regimes, thus contributing to a very fragmented integration of forced displacement into international law. This has also led to a very diverse level of development, sometimes truly unbalanced between the different specialized regimes. Rather comprehensive legal frameworks have been adopted for forced population displacements in the context of armed conflicts and human rights violations, even if inadequacies persist; however, when it comes to displacements caused by climate change and environmental disasters, there are real gaps. This thesis aims to analyze the obligations imposed by international law on States and actors who may be at the origin of forced displacements, and aims to establish a complete and global study of the integration of forced displacement into international law. To this end, the analysis of the applicable rules proceeds from two different approaches, first by the study of the standards for preventing forced displacements and, secondly, by deepening the mechanisms for initiating individual and international responsibility in case of violation
Moreno, Durán Álvaro. „Les déplacements forcés de population colombiennes et leurs effets à la frontière équatorienne“. Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082509.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study´s time frame is 2002-3. How does the phenomenon of the forced transborder displacement of Colombian people to Sucumbíos (Ecuador) manifest itself? What is the social, economic and political impact among the displaced as well as the local (Ecuadorian) population? Are there basic elements of collective identity that influence its restructuring among the displaced and their livelihood strategies in the new milieu? The research uses two theoretical strands: one regarding international relations and the wider political arena; and sociological perspective focussing on livelihood patterns and a qualitative fieldwork method of observation, classification, comparison and analysis, selecting primary written sources and field interviews to collect fragments of life histories. The thesis concludes that: (a) the increase of the forced displacement phenomenon across the border is directly influenced by government policies derived from international plans in the context of the New World Order, and (b) the displaced are able to re-structure their collective identity in the new mileu on the basis of their strategy of self-recognition and recognition of the other, both expressed in social practices, with reference to their life paths and identifying the elements of the primary habitus
Thibault, Christel. „Conflits, refuges et enjeux frontaliers : les déplacements forcés de la population du Cambodge, 1970-2000“. Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040225.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince 1970, politico-militaries crisis in Cambodia caused a large scale forced migrations. Therefore several hundred thousands Cambodians were forced to move inside their country or to reach the refugee camps settled along the khmero-thaï border during about 15 years. The peace-keeping operation lead in Cambodia by the United Nations (Untac) finally enabled the refugees, the displaced persons and the internally displaced persons (IDPs) to go back home. But the long lasting internal political troubles, khmer rouge guerilla and the large spread of mine fields have been a major hindrance against the resettlement and the social reintegration of the whole displaced population of Cambodia
Londoño, Catalina. „Les Nouvelles formes de violence urbaine en Colombie : les déplacements forcés à Medellín et Barrancabermeja“. Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA123012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleForced displacement is an issue which has affected Colombia for a long time, but which only drew the attention of the State in the 1990's. Although Colombian public opinion considers that cities are secluded from the actions of armed groups, both official and unofficial, and that combats between said groups belong exclusively to rural areas, the current dynamic of the conflict calls for us to study forced displacement inside urban areas. The presence of armed illegal groups in urban areas, their cooperation and clashes with several delinquency groups and their confrontations with the National Army and Police have produced the involuntary displacement of people within diverse districts of a same city. Taking into account the above, our research proposal is to describe and analyze intra-urban displacement as a new form of urban violence, a direct consequence of internal conflict. We have as case studies the cities of Medellín and Barrancabermeja
Blot, Julie. „Les déguerpissements à Phnom Penh (Cambodge). Déplacements forcés et relocalisation contrainte des citadins pauvres“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040204.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn Cambodia, since the 2000’s, strong economic growth and political stability stimulate an increasing speculation on urban lands in the capital, Phnom Penh. Slum areas are the targets of privet housing projects as well as public policies of beautification. The informal tenure of theirs lands makes slums dwellers particularly exposed to forced evictions, implemented to clean up the ground and to relocate them outside the city center. Resettlement sites are created to accommodate the involuntarily displaced people from the city to the fare and rural suburban areas. Part of these evicted people intends to resettle there, while others decide to seek for a new location back in the city. Both the Municipality and the Cambodian government present those forced relocations as a positive process to solve the informal settlements issue, and to offer more decent life conditions to the urban poor. Relocated people on the contrary, consider that they have been “thrown out in the middle of the rice fields” without any job opportunity, housing solution, or infrastructure. The “right to the city” is denied to the poorest. Forced evictions of the urban poor come within a social choice that encourages capitalism and urban competitiveness. One of the main consequences of this phenomenon is an increasing social and spatial segregation. Relocations appear as a mean to barely banish the slum dwellers from the city in order to grab the land they occupied, rather than to solve the informal settlements issue
Leturcq, Guillaume. „Migrations forcées dans le sud du Brésil : les atingidos“. Le Mans, 2010. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2010/2010LEMA3004.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the context of economic growth and new environmental preoccupations Brazil is faced with, the electricity produced by dams is a key element. The dams of the factories disturb the environment and the rural societies that live nearby. Indeed, these dams are responsible for the migrations of their victims (atingidos) and also modify the space these communities live in. Atingidas families leave this space to settle in a new one, with the modifications – social, cultural, economic, and so on – that this implies. Three aspects are fundamental to better understand the migration of these families: the adaptation to the new rural and communal space, the new adminitrative structure, and the ongoing ties with the former space of life
A eletricidade, produzida pelas usinas hidrelétricas, é um elemento relevante para o Brasil, dentro de um contexto de crescimento econômico e de novas preocupações ambientais. As barragens das usinas perturbam o meio-ambiente e as sociedades rurais próximas. Forçam os atingidos à migrarem e à modificarem seus espaços de vida. As famílias atingidas deixam esses espaços para habitar um outro, com todas as modificações (sociais, culturais, econômicas, etc) que isto implica. A adaptação ao novo quadro rural e comunitário, a inserção à nova estrutura administrativa e a manutenção de laços com o antigo lugar de vida são três aspectos fundamentais para compreender o deslocamento dos atingidos
Londoño, Catalina Valladares Licia. „Les Nouvelles formes de violence urbaine en Colombie les déplacements forcés à Medellín et Barrancabermeja /“. Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2007. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0405148.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGomez, Lucas Sebastián. „Le déplacement forcé des populations par la violence en Colombie : émergence, réinscription et transformations d'un problème public“. Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe construction of social problems depends on mobilization and claim of social, internationals and institutional actors. At the end of the eighties and the beginning of the nineties the internal displacement starts to be regarded as an international problem for UN. The influence of several non-governmental organizations and the discussions inside of UN system was concluding by the creation of a Representative of the Secretary-General on internal displaced persons in 1992. For the Colombian case, at the same time, we could identify an IDP agenda-building process leader by nationals NGO, the Catholic Church and the influence of international community. However, it will be the country-visit of the Representative of Secretary General in 1994 which finally open de policy window for policy making. Currently, the Colombian legislation is one of the most important and completes public policy for IDPs in the world. The legal act established by the law 387 of 1997 – which defines the IDPs – the decisions of the constitutional Court – looking to reinforce the IDPs rights – and the hundreds of administrative acts to assisting IDPs, gives to this populations a legal framework for support in the middle of the conflict. We will show how the Colombian IDP´s public policy was created in a particular policy window, where the international context and the inside process of political decision making let born de necessity of a legal framework for IDPs assistance. Then we will present the consequences of these trying to do a tentative of evaluation 15 years after the agenda-building process
Broni, Fulgence Axel. „L'approche conceptuelle du déplacement forcé de population en Afrique subsaharienne à la lumière du droit international“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT3002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe international law seems to deal with the issue of forced displacement in Africa through two conceptual approaches. The first which stems from the Cold War is deemed reactive since the issue of forced displacement is limited to exile and international protection of refugees. This traditional system of the refugees' international protection does not allow a full understanding of forced displacement in Africa as such. In light of these shortcomings, and following a growing series of factors fostered by the end of the Cold War, the need for a thorough reassessment of the traditional approach of forced displacement in Africa is becoming an essential issue today. The new paradigm is now proactive and focused on prevention. The research therefore aims to examine this evolution in regards to international public law. Although this new approach to the issue of forced displacement in Africa is proactive, it contains some obvious contradictions in terms of security from an international law practice point of view. The shift of the issue of forced displacement to the matter of security raises concerns about its implementation by international law practice, especially as it tends to favor containment strategies of vulnerable populations within their country rather than promoting their protection in situ. In order to face the risk of a security shortfall, the solution should rely on a human security driven approach regardless of any strategic preoccupation. This attitude could form an efficient answer to the plague of forced displacement in Africa
Gün, Zübeyit. „Migration forcée, santé mentale, traumatisme et acculturation : une étude comparative“. Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H109.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this research, we investigated mental health, level of posttraumatic stress disorder and acculturation process of a population - victims of forced migration - because of internal conflict, after 1990, broke out in south-eastern Turkey - which has migrated in three different contexts (Paris, Izmir, Diyarbakir). Our sample consists of 94 participants in total including 32 in Paris, 32 in Izmir and 30 in Diyarbakir. We crossed, for complementary, qualitative methods (clinical interview referred to research) and quantitative (scales). The research results show that mental health of forced migrants is negatively influenced by the process of migration, and that even many years after, much of the population still manifests the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. According to the migration context of arrival, the mental health status of forced migrants follows a course very different
Bermudez, Catalina. „Éducation populaire en Colombie : entre résistance et refondation“. Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21790/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe popular education in Latin America is supposed to be an alternative education in order to encourage emancipation and liberation of popular social classes. Thereby its fight is mainly in favour of the social integration, the exclusion refusal and the marginalization. The most violent expression of exclusion in the Republic of Colombia is the forced displacement which has been recognized by the Statut de Rome of the International Criminal Court as a crime against humanity. According to CODHES, one Colombian out of ten is in forced displacement situation. But the war seems to be a way of evicting farmers in order to strip them of their lands. Nevertheless, in spite of the “humanity crisis” caused by the displacement, the displaced populations or those exposed to be forced to leave their home have developed a resistance and refunding movement transversally and fundamentally focused on education. In both processes education responds to the same idea to reestablish the creation of free and democratic life. In the end support given to education assembling school and community is a driving force to a peaceful society
Goral, Ozgur sevgi. „Enforced disappearance and forced migration in the context of Kurdish conflict : loss, mourning and politics at the margin“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0088/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study aims to examine two forms of state violence, namely, enforced disappearance and forced migration, in the context of Turkey’s Kurdish conflict. The analysis will be mainly based on a field research on two cities representative in the context of the enforced disappearance, forced migration and urban transformation projects, İstanbul and Şırnak. These forms of violence are investigated in the broader historico-political momentum of the 1990s focusing on state apparatus, juridical field, quotidian life and memory. Moreover, one of the crucial effects of the forced migration on the urgan space, urban transformation projects will also be evaluated for a deepened analysis of Kurdish migrants in the urban milieu. The main argument of the dissertation is the forms of state violence implemented at the spatial and political margin of Turkey during the 1990s offer crucial insights for a deepened analysis of the state apparatus, juridical field and memory debate of the very center of Turkey. An analysis of these forms of state violence also reveals their holistic, structured and spatialized dimensions that shaped subjectivities and performances of different stakeholders, including relatives of the forcibly disappeared, internally displaced persons and inhabitants of the informal urban areas. Complicated, transformatory and multi-faceted relations between the Kurdish region and the center of Turkey highlight the interconnectedness of these geographical, political and histroical entities that are far related than it appears
Chen, Zhenduo. „Le mouvement migratoire provoqué par la construction du barrage de Xin’an Jiang en Chine : politique, acteurs, communauté“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0079.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe doctoral thesis deals with the challenges of the emigrant movement caused by the construction of large dams and reservoirs in China, by including certain aspects of Chinese history and the context of modernization of the 20th century. We will study this subject through a multidisciplinary methodology in social sciences, and focus the questions on some fundamental areas: politics, actors, community. We study these constitutive elements of reservoir immigration, which also comes under the Chinese concept of migration, the institutional processes of hydraulic governance, the modern nation state, and more broadly, the relationship between the state and society through institutional means: roots in traditional society, bureaucracy, sovietization, etc. We think that the movement linked to the construction of the dam in the Chinese context is a multi-subject / actor movement, mobilized mainly according to the dynamics of the state-society relationship. A field study on the Xin'an Jiang dam and reservoir, one of the three large dams "built independently by the Chinese ourselves" comes to feed our research in historical and geographic dimensions, revealing among other things the engineering institution , the formation of the emigration and immigration, uprooting, the new community formed by the movements, which shape the subjectivities and the performances of the different actors of the movements around the the construction of dam and reservoir of Xin'an Jiang. This holistic, structured and social morphological analysis seeks to understand the complex relationships and transformations that operate during the construction of large dams and the forced migration that accompanies it with the objective of establishing a national planned economy and a powerful Chinese nation. Our research shows that China, which is in the process of modernization, is moving towards a society uprooted and suspended from its tradition of Xiangtu shehui. The movement by the construction of big dam and reservoir allows us to grasp this change driven by a future for autonomy, which seems uncertain but creates a new subject for modernisation
Nsoga, Robert Ebénezer. „La protection des réfugiés en Afrique centrale : quelle gouvernance des migrations forcées pour les États centre-africains ? : le cas du Cameroun“. Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the past decade, forced migration has been a particular and growing concern in Africa and in many parts of the world, as far as they created many complex challenges. These migrations, very often massive, unexpected, and generally caused by armed conflicts, human rights violations, violence, environmental degradation, have jeopardized the survival of many populations whose proportions reached alarming rates between 2011 and 2017, as it is stated in 2015's Global Annual Report of the UNHCR. But this already vulnerable population often remains, beyond any observation, highly precarious within some host States. The paradox of the failure of forced migrants's protection is maintained by the constancy of the consecration of their rights in international, regional and national legal instruments and the diversity of humanitarian actors at their side. Sub-Saharan Africa, which, according to the report quoted above, has around 4.41 million refugees out of a total of 21.3 million in the world, is no exception to this factual reality. In view of this dramatic and humanely burning situation in Central Africa, which has led to a significant reconfiguration of the humanitarian space due to the exponential increase of forced population displacement, fuelled by recurrent conflict inflation in the Lake Chad Basin, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the South West and North-West Cameroon – to mention only those cases whose echo of the tragedies bear witness to the topicality of this phenomenon in this African sub-region -, and the crossborder threats that weigh within this sub-Saharan african territoriality, my thesis focuses to map the national refugee protection system of the State of Cameroon, historically well known as a welcoming and hospitable country whose geographical position is strategic in the sub-regional area of Central Africa. This exercise allows on the one hand, the analysis of normative, structural and infrastructural framework tools, as well as the various mechanisms of coordination of the actors involved in the protection of forced migrants, to enable a better understanding of their welcome conditions in special areas. on the other hand, the study makes it possible to highlight perspectives of normative, structural and institutional practices capable to curb the important flows of refugees and to regulate their protection on behalf of a dynamic and concerted solidarity, structured around the spatialisation of States within the political-geographical perimeter of ECCAS. Through the systemic approach and the theory of constructivism, I am striving to bring into coherence, from a cross-disciplinary field, factors and actors that seem irreconcilable, but immensely intertwined. From Cameroonian experiences, this thesis opens up finally the perspectives of reflections on the challenges of a relevant geographical asylum's right and an agreed and effective protection of refugees in central Africa which decline to the regionalization of interventions, and concretely, to the urgent need of a centre-africanisation of the protection's response through the creation of a concerted sub-regional framework for governance of forced migration
Chotouras, Dimitrios. „Le statut juridique en droit international du réfugié écologique : une nécessité ! Le phénomène migratoire du fait des modifications environnementales“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0043.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn recent years, the process of climate change and environmental events trigger without any doubt a massive migration within and sometimes beyond national borders. A new category of people - victims themselves of these disasters that cause dangerous effects on the enjoyment of human rights - often grouped under the label «ecological refugees» flee a shaky situation likely to be exacerbated by the incapacity, the limited natural resources or, furthermore, the State's negligence. This term, mainly descriptive of a situation, has no legal value in international refugee law as long as the international refugee protection regime was not designed to deal with situations of environmental disruptions. In this context, in regard of the needs of people displaced by the effects of climate change, there is a necessity to establish a legal status for environmental refugees. It's not just the responsibility of the host State that must be analyzed, but also that of the State of origin. Several issues require prompt and adequate response. How can we protect the affected populations? Would it be appropriate to qualify as refugees certain categories of these displaced people by environmental change? What is the status of displaced persons due to the disappearance of a State submerged below sea level? If a State failed to effectively protect its citizens during a natural disaster, isn't it responsible for the mass migration? Or, can we consider that the existing international legal instruments can already protect and assist environmental refugees?
Haquin, Sáenz Liliana Maria. „Le sort des minorités à l’épreuve du droit international contemporain : constantes et nouveautés“. Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this study is to examine, in the light of contemporary developments in international law, the kind of legal status minorities would enjoy. While they are diverse and multiple, this research focuses on those listed in the Chart of the United Nations and the International Bill of Human Rights, as well as the various instruments related to them. After a long period of calm and stability, these national, ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities are once again being discriminated in respect of their rights, persecuted in their daily lives and even atrocities are being committed against them involving their property, and their personal and family lives. This implies the danger for the existence of the minority itself. In countries where such behaviour is now taking place there are massive violations, displacement, both within and outside States, and in the latter case, population exchanges.The interest of the thesis lies precisely in the examination of the scope of these behaviours as regards the legal fate of minorities, as it was addressed by the International Bill of Human Rights in 1947. The discussions at the international level are extremely abundant, but unsuccessful when it comes to solve the fate of particular groups. Nonetheless, when considering contemporary international law, this appears to reflect the solutions of the past, informed by the innovations introduced by international legal developments. This thesis therefore re-examines the current situation of minorities based on a twofold observation: on the one hand, the validation of the protection of minorities by the bill of human rights. On the other hand, the explicit new determination to ensure, beyond individual and collective rights, the profound identity and existence of minorities whose irreducible autonomy is the subject of progressive international recognition
Debandi, Natalia. „Retour forcé. Pratiques et politiques d’expulsion d’immigrés en France. 2000-2010“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040040/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExpulsion or deportation constituted a privileged punishment prior to the modern prison, whose advantage was the definite exclusion of the individual without having to deal with his body. This punishment reappears as a new strategy of social control and of surplus world population management, particularly regarding foreigners in developed countries. The French model of expulsion of foreigners was based on an administrative device presented as a hygienic and tidy system, symbolized by the administrative retention centers. By means of a six-month-ethnographic study carried out at two retention centers near Paris, we analyze this topic with an empirical inductive approach, in which the characteristics and functioning of the displayed instruments are studied, mainly, the confinement of foreigners in administrative retention centers, so as to understand the impact of migratory control practices and policies on both the individuals and on the construction of the French society. In addition, we analyze forced return as an extension of the penal system whose informal objectives transcend effective deportation and aim to establish a device for the control of the migrant population in general
Choufa, Caroline. „Transferts d’éléments conjugatifs et mobilisation d’ADN chromosomique dans une population de Streptomyces“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0395.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStreptomyces are ubiquitous bacteria in soils where they interact with surrounding organisms via a wide repertoire of specialized metabolites. By studying a rhizospheric population of Streptomyces, (strains of the same species and isolated from the same rhizospheric micro-habitat), it was shown that massive gene flows promote a rapid evolution of individuals, allowing their genetic and functional diversification in the forest soil. The objective of the research is to determine the magnitude of these gene flows within the population and the mechanisms responsible for the transfers. The conjugative elements, integrated (ICE) or plasmid, ensure their transfer and stimulate that of chromosomal DNA. First, we drew up an inventory of Actinomycetes-specific ICE (AICE) and characterized their richness, diversity, and distribution within the population. We showed that during a single conjugation event, several elements were mobilized simultaneously and that a strong heterogeneity of AICE was detectable in the progeny. To assess the extent of the chromosomal transfers, we performed crosses between isolates of the population and then analyzed the genome sequence of the recombinants. Using nucleotide polymorphism, we were able to identify the parental origin of each segment of the genome and determine that the amount of genetic information acquired varies between 1.5 and 35% of the total information splitted into several distinct fragments. Conjugative transfers profoundly modify the arsenal of genes encoding specialized metabolism (e.g., antibiotics). Indeed, more than 90% of recombinants are distinct from their parents by biosynthesis genes: gains, losses, replacements, and recombination. We show that several whole biosynthetic pathways (ca., 100 kb) can be acquired by conjugation. Thus, conjugative transfers in Streptomyces generate a strong intra-population diversity in a few generations, diversity necessary to raise more adapted individuals, but also to ensure the division of tasks among the population in their competitive environment (soil). These results also open biotechnological perspectives with the possibility of transfers and diversification of biosynthesis pathways of interest
Duriez, Tiphaine. „Les déplacements forcés intra-urbains dans les comunas 4 et 6 de Soacha (Colombie) : entre violences urbaines et urbanisation de la guerre : Enquête ethnologique d'une mobilité sous contrainte politisée“. Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2046/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIf the armed conflict affecting Colombia is known from the public, it is not the case of the numerous refugees it has created. Movements of population are constant across the history of this armed conflict although it did not attract the media’s attention. Nowadays this country has the largest number of internal refugees in the world. The present document is the result of a research in political anthropology on the migration patterns of populations caused by the threatening « of the war ». Identified and grouped under the denomination of « desplazamientos forzados por la violencia », these movements are plural. Locally this « total social fact » is closely monitored by scientific, political and humanitarian institutions. However significant disparities exist on both the analysis and the reasons of these migrations, especially regarding the condition of the migrant’s departure territory. It is often a statement in people’s mind that the conflicts at the origin of these motilities are limited to the countryside, and thus absent from the urban zones. However the data presented in this PhD thesis goes against this postulate. It was collected between 2010 and 2012 among various Colombian actors and institutions based in the cities of Bogotá and Soacha. By combining this data, the fieldwork demonstrates the reality of a transfer of the old conflicts into urban areas, stressing the existence of a plurality of trajectories and testifying about the complexity of situations to which they respond. This research emphasis the importance of themes such as memory, territory, informality, membership, distribution of wealth and knowledge transmission
Pinilla, Raquel. „Récits d'enfants déplacés par la violence en Colombie : approches linguistiques, discursives et interprétatives“. Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H085.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research study analyzes and interprets Colombian children's oral narratives victims of forced displacement. The corpus of this study is composed by 100 girls and boys' oral narratives between 7 and 14 years old which were recorded in interaction with an adult. Based on an enunciative, interactional and social analysis the discursive characteristics and the identity features of these oral narratives were understood. To resort to interpretation made the various meanings of discursive, affective, social, cultural and political nature understandable as well as the characterization of the narratives of displacement as a discursive subgenre. Besides, we have been able to identify that regardless of the apparent similarity of these narratives, a great heterogeneity exists that reveals the uniqueness of the experience lived by these children as authors
Hofmann, Andreas R. „Die Nachkriegszeit in Schlesien : Gesellschafts- und Bevölkerungspolitik in den polnischen Siedlungsgebieten 1945-1948 /“. Köln : Böhlau Verl, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb372082930.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGeoffroy, Agnès de. „Aux marges de la ville, les populations déplacées par la force : enjeux, acteurs et politiques : étude comparée des cas de Bogotá (Colombie) et de Khartoum (Soudan)“. Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/152360883#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePeople forcibly displaced or internally displaced (Internally Displaced Persons, IDPs) are persons "who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized State border", according to the United Nations. While the State is theoretically the first and the last responsible for those populations, the interest of the international community towards them has continuously grown during the last twenty years and an increasingly sophisticated humanitarian response system was elaborated. A comparative study between the situations in Khartoum and Bogotá analyses the problems and questions raised by the massive settlement of IDPs into urban areas, as well as the issues that form around these populations, the intervening actors and the strategies they adopt. If, in Bogotá, the policies and the aid system are deeply rooted in and structured by the restitution of human rights, adopting a social and individual approach, in Khartoum, the political response is intrinsically a security and spatial one. However that may be, in both situations, IDPs represent a strongly conflictive and tense issue between the different types of committed actors, whether they are political or humanitarian
Navaux, Julien. „Les transferts intergénérationnels en France : stabilités et ruptures des répartitions entre classes d'âge“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this dissertation is to asses if baby-boomers are responsible of intergenerational inequities in France. To answer this research question, the dissertation applies the National Transfer Accounts (NTA) methodology to the case of France, for the time period covering 1979-2011, therefore capturing national accounts aggregates such as consumption, individual resources, savings and transfers by age. Projections are conducted up to 2060 for public transfers inflows and for disposable income using the computable general equilibrium model “MELETE”, and the results are drawn from the main criteria of intergenerational justice. The results of this dissertation show that there is no obvious and widespread disruption of fairness between generations in the country. However, France is still characterized by intergenerational inequities seen through the allocation of asset income and publics pensions. The NTA methodology also provides useful results about private transfers in France. Since 1979, the role of wealth transfers increased over time, whereas the role of private transfers within households (intra-household transfers) decreased over this period and the role of regular, occasional and in-kind transfers between household (inter-household transfers) remained stable. It follows that private transfers are less and less responsive to the needs of transfer recipients. In fact, a micro econometric analysis using panel data shows that the life events experienced by transfer givers can trigger the payment of inter vivos wealth transfers, which is not the case for inter-household transfers that depend exclusively on the life events experienced by the recipients
Kontogiorgi, Elisabeth. „Population exchange in Greek Macedonia : the rural settlement of refugees, 1922-1930 /“. Oxford : Clarendon Press, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401595634.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, Mekkaoui Abdelhaq. „L'échange de la population entre le Maroc et la France de 1956 à 1974“. Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120113.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is to evaluate dependance and inequality relations between Morocco and France concerning population exchange. We want to know whether this exchange has been imposed by France, and what has been its objectif? Did french presence in Morocco help to developing countries? Is moroccans' presence in France a product of colonization? We have tried to answer these questions by analysing, firstly the principal factors which have started migration process (in the two senses). We consider this later as an imposed exchange and transformed to reality. Secondly, we have studied moroccans' situation in France, their geographical and professional repartition. We have at last evoked french community's presence thanks to military conquest and other occupation methods. We have insisted on colonial element in order to justify the fact that Morocco was an immigration land and became an immigration country. We have studied cooperatives' role, settled in Morocco after independance, in cultural and administrative cooperation. After analysing french and moroccan communities, we conclude that french policy is centred in exploitation and domination. It is based on an exploitation and cultural domination. This policy is directed by cooperatives
Nyama, William Rodrigue. „Les effets collatéraux des conflits en Afrique : cas des réfugiés au Gabon de 1968 à nos jours“. Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP1041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study we handle is an evaluation of the conflicts that occurred in Africa during these last centuries, with transnational movements of peoples as a major consequence. Actually, since the last ten years, there has been an increasing global phenomenon: the question of refugees. The number of refugees has increased in Africa obviously due to the multiplication of local conflicts. Indeed, Central Africa is the victim of the Rwandan genocide and of other political unrest affecting other regions. This work aims at showing how dynamic the phenomenon of refugees is in Africa, giving the causes of its resistance, and as well as at evaluating Gabon as a host country. With its geostrategic importance for Gabon’s security, our theme emphasizes the protection of the territory. This theme should be a contribution to the academic and political research among the major topics on Africa in general, and Gabon in particular
Coiffard, Mathias. „Transferts intergénérationnels et croissance économique : essai sur leurs interactions dans la France contemporaine“. Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis phd dissertation deals with the interactions between economic growth and intergenerational transfers in France from 1820 to 2000. We have chosen an analytical process based on a model involving three overlapping generations with uncertain life expectancy and up- and downward transfers. This has allowed us to define the function of life insurance and also to include three organisations –market, family, state – which produce institutions changing with time. Thus the economic process can be dated historically. To begin with, using a model based on two sectors (agriculture and industry) involving three overlapping generations, we studied the consequences of introducing a compulsory education program on economic development ; with the conclusion that, as upward transfers ceased, a free lunch was introduced for elderly people. Then we studied the macro economic impact of this pensions system. In order to complete the institutional characteristics of the post war economy, we proceeded to analyze the Ford wage agreement. We assessed a cross-age management within corporations of aggregate remuneration and implicit subsidies between age groups in internal markets. Putting an end to these subsidies helps explain the high rate of unemployment among younger and older workers in France as the number of working people financing the youngest and the oldest is reduced by the increase in life expectancy and the concentration of unemployment at both ends of the age range. Does this entail a “war” between age groups being waged ?
Bertrand, Catherine. „Les forêts tropicales d'altitude de l'Himalaya central : phénologie, transferts de matières et d'éléments minéraux, prélèvements par la population“. Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10116.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBertrand, Catherine. „Les Forêts tropicales d'altitude de l'Himalaya central phénologie, transferts de matières et d'éléments minéraux, prélèvements par la population /“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376118888.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrabowsky, Volker. „Bevölkerung und Staat in Lan Na : ein Beitrag zur Bevölkerungsgeschichte Südostasiens /“. Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz Verlag, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40190941k.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDiop, Abdou. „L'Aménagement régional au Sénégal d'un espace surpeuplé et surexploité au front pionnier de développement agricole les migrations SERER vers les "Terres Neuves", l'expérience du projet pilote Koumpentoum-Maka“. Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375972140.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMillan, Stéphanie. „Vers un statut international en faveur des personnes deplacées à l'interieur de leur propre pays“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA111020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleForced internal displacement is an old and recurring phenomenon that the internationalcommunity has been slow to grasp. It was not until 1992 that the United Nations GeneralSecretary appointed a Special Representative on internally displaced persons. Upon hisappointment, the Special Representative undertook a major work of analysis and compilationof international norms in order to study their applicability to internally displaced persons.The culmination of this work has enabled the development and presentation of the “GuidingPrinciples on internal displacement” in 1998. These guidelines have subsequently become animportant framework for the development of international treaties with regional impactwhose latest is the Kampala Convention adopted in 2009 by the African Union.This study has a double-object. First of all, it is to underline the important evolution of thenotion of internally displaced person and of the international legal protection regarding thisnotion.Secondly, it is to question about the emergence of an international legal status dedicated tointernally displaced persons through the analysis of the concept of responsibility to protectand through the review of the usefulness and the significance of this international legal statuswhose emergence could be hampered by possible legal obstacles
Moukalled, Hassan. „La population beyrouthine entre deux guerres et deux paix (coexistence et changements interconfessionnels 1970-2008)“. Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010529.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBayindir, Goularas Gökçe. „Salonique en Turquie : mutations géopolitiques et adaptations iconographiques“. Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010583.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEsch, Michael G. „"Gesunde Verhältnisse" : deutsche und polnische Bevölkerungspolitik in Ostmitteleuropa, 1939-1950 /“. Marburg : Verl. Herder-Institut, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37120302f.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHakata, Kei. „La protection internationale des personnes déplacées à l'intérieur de leur propre pays“. Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN20004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe question of the internally displaced persons, of which the international community had long been unaware, finally drew attention of the united nations by the end of the 1980s. Unlike refugees for whom a regime of international protection exists, the internally displaced persons do not constitute a legal category which obtains a systematic protection in international law. Conscious of the legal lacuna, the United Nations attempts to conceive an efficient protection scheme through legal norms and institutional and operational efforts. The elaboration of a legal regime will consist in clarifying existing lacunae and in synthesizing the different norms of human rights and humanitarian law in the light of the protection of the persons concerned. Parallel to this, field activities constitute a genuine protection scheme. Diverse international actors, among them UNHCR and ICRC, undertake to protect and assist these persons by interpreting their mandate very flexibly. Nonetheless, humanitarian or development agencies cannot alone confront the crisis situation. Then, a humanitarian intervention undertaken by the UN Security Council can offer an alternative. This solution requires a double condition, that is, the existence of a crisis on a large scale and convergent political wills, which makes it quite exceptional
Bonnin, Michel. „Génération perdue : le mouvement d'envoi des jeunes instruits à la campagne en Chine, 1969-1980 /“. Paris : Éd. de l'École des hautes études en sciences sociales, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392710417.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBibliogr. p. 455-478. Glossaire. Index.
Alaç, Rojda. „Stratégies de vie et récréation de « foyer » : le cas de la population kurde déplacée dans les espaces urbains de sa propre région en Turquie (1987-2010)“. Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0140.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study analyses an understudied aspect of the Kurdish question in Turkey, the policy of forced deplacements. At least one million people have been affected by this policy during 1990s, wich started immediately after the state of emergency has been declared (covering from 1987 to 2002) and wich officially has never been proclaimed. In my view, understanding the history of forced migration in Turquie is important in order to grasp the long history of the Kurdish question in Turkey, and more generally the issue of minorities in a nation state as such. Women have been the main source of information wich gave me the chance to reconstruct an alternative reading of the forced displacements and its effects. Therefore I have concentrated my research on everyday life wich revealed how a new urban identity based on past and present experiences developped among the dispaced and what kind of life strategies they employed in the urban space, in this case, in the city of Van. Thus, I argue that an anthropological analysis centering on different parameters of the everyday life of the displaced is indispensable for a discussion of such issues as national identity, the question of ethnic identity, the roots and results of the conflict, violence and subjectivity. The case of the displaced Kurds in Turkey opens new venues of debate and inspires researchers to undertake new studies concerning Turkey and novel reflections in social sciences based on "every day life"
Palacio, Sañudo Jorge. „Impact psychologique de la violence politique sur les jeunes et la famille : comparaison de familles déplacées et de familles pauvres en Colombie“. Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100091.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSimões, Barbosa Magalhães Santos Sonia Maria. „Lamento e dor : Uma analise socio-antropologica do deslocamento compulsorio provocado pela construção de barragens“. Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA131028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe central idea developed in this work is that the studies carried through on the compulsory displacement provoked by the construction of dams, although mentioning the social dimension of the social suffering, do not submit that dimension to analysis. Taking as principle that the analyzed facts are socially shared and constructed, therefore carrying senses more or less lasting or more or less perceptible – anyhow, publicized - that, at times, interact under the form of conflict, it is my goal to perform an analysis of the way these senses conform to three distinct and linked social situations. On the first one, the public arena, I analyze the controversy about the main classification categories for the compulsory displacement process, its contexts and main agents, trying to evidence the rhetorical construction fundamentals, in a dispute to make prevail a determined politic and social evaluation of this process. In the second social situation, the academic universe, I analyze the current state of studies on the compulsory displacement, locating the main theoretical axes, in order to highlight the relation between the disciplinary and interpretative fields, mostly the hegemony of disciplinary subjects, amongst which the analysis of the suffering is not included. In the third, I analyze the process of compulsory displacement, from a research carried in Tucuruí, Pará state, Brazil, presenting the senses of social suffering evocated by those who lived it
Fintz, Matthieu Raphaël. „Moustiques et gouvernement du paludisme en Afrique : de la conservation de la nature à l'organisation du marché des biens de lutte“. Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR30001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalaria collective prevention in Africa has gradually shifted from engineering of the infected person's natural environment into the management of her economic environment. Bednets, spraying and insecticide treated bednets are the working object of malaria control from which we narrow this shift. By following the inscription of these three prevention technologies into large-scale experiments, this thesis tries to stress upon how to issue of their generalization to a population brings about social differenciation between " savages " and " civilized " people on one hand and between " poor " and " developed " people on other hand. Deliberations about the comparative cost of mosquito control (loss of immunity ) and coverage practices (in the course of action) then emerge as two types of situations during which this differentiation is revealed
Thibault, Christel. „L'archipel des camps : l'exemple cambodgien /“. Paris : Presses universitaires de France : ["Le Monde"], 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41183539k.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaudrot, Virgile. „Modélisation des interactions trophiques impliquant des transferts de contaminants biologiques et chimiques : application à Echinococcus multilocularis et aux éléments traces métalliques“. Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2019/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStructure and strength of trophic interactions shaping food webs regulate a large part of biomass andenergy transfer in ecosystems, but also the transfer of biological and chemical contaminants. The aim ofthe PhD thesis is to develop models describing the mechanisms of contaminant transmission and using them to study the dynamics of infectious diseases and chemical pollutions, and also the response of trophic networks subject to those contaminations.[...] Following those works, a fourth step of the thesis has been to integrate trophic interactions, parasite dynamics and pollutions effects in order to study the stability of meta community (i.e. spatially connectedcommunities) and the risk of disease outbreaks. To do so, we use the theory of random matrices andwe introduced new criteria of metacommunity stability and of disease outbreak in metacommunity, both under external pressures. The study showed that external perturbations increase the risk of epidemics,but that those risks could be reduced with the dispersal of individuals (susceptible and infectious) underspecific conditions such as, for TTP, a greater number of species than that of connected ecosystems, and a smaller virulence than the contagion rate.In this way, in a context of planetary increase of anthropogenic pressures on ecosystems, this PhD thesis in modeling provides a set of tools and conceptual developments suitable to analyze quantitatively and qualitatively the transfers and impacts of contaminants in ecosystems
Apchain, Hélène. „Le statut des musulmans de Thrace et des Grecs de Constantinople, d'Imbros et de Tenedos“. Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDejean, Bérangère. „La notion de protection des réfugiés“. Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBabakhan, Mohamed Ali. „La déportation du peuple kurde et des arabes chiites dans l'Irak actuel“. Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA03A001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCabalion, Joël. „Des existences paysannes au fil de l'eau : le grand barrage Gosikhurd et les déplacements de population au Vidarbha, Inde centrale“. Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0122.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThrough the Jens of a "State science" in the name of “public interest” to rural inequalities and the political struggles of social movement, this thesis reflects upon the chain of uprootings and regroundings which shape the sense of peasant existences in India today. On the Wainganga river, the Gosikhurd project leads to the displacement and resettlement of 93 villages, resulting in 83 000 people having to leave their land and homestead behind as the dam waters start to rise in the reservoir. Engaged since a few decades in a global perspective of agrarian development, the State of Maharashtra therein advocates a Green Revolution for Vidarbha, a region perceived as "backwards”. If this political orientation has already been subject to multiple analyses in diverse disciplines, few have simultaneously addressed the conditions of production of such a project and the inherent impacts of submergence on the population. Grounded in a qualitative and quantitative study which followed this double process over nine years ; this research entwines a sociology of public action and social movements, a rural ethnography and a political and social anthropology in order to account for the transformations and ruptures caused by displacement. When the Indian State plans to wipe a village of the map and relocate it, how does it organize the processes of land acquisition and compensation of agrarian resources? How does the peasantry adjust to the confiscation of its rural life style and to the uncertainty of its social “forth-coming “? Finally, what are the forms of opposition or “resistance“ that the project meets in the face of such dispossession ?
Tallio, Virginie. „La fabrique du réfugié : du camp au rapatriement, lieux et processus de la construction du "réfugié" : l'exemple des camps de refugiés de Dadaab (Kenya) et de Nkondo (R.D.C.)“. Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0307.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work presents the elements which authorize the constitution of the category of "refugee". For this, we base ourselves on the study of the refugee camps of Dadaab (Kenya) which mainly host Somali and the one of Nkondo (R. D. C. ) which hostspeople having fled Angola in 1998. Both are managed by U. N. H. R. C. We completed these studies by an analysis of the process of repatriation of Angolan refugees. This research defines in first place the refugees camp : the practices of the two groups being there, the refugees and the humanitarian workers, make it both a city and a shutting-in place. We can in a second place distinct the different uses of the category of "refugee" by the refugees themselves and by the humanitarian workers. Documents issued in reference to this contribute also in its production by giving it not only "anthropological" validity but legal as well. In conclusion, it is built in a specific locality but also during the displacement/s
L'Heureux, Luc. „Xanten-Vetera : analyse et caractérisation du processus de colonisation et de romanisation d'une région frontalière en Germanie inférieure“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27283.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis analyzes the process of romanization and colonization of Xanten-Vetera, a border region of the Roman Empire located in Lower Rhineland in the Roman province of Germania inferior. Examining the period between the conquests of Julius Caesar to the middle of the second century AD, this study seeks to understand and to establish the military presence, as well as the development of civilian populations, as a result of population transfers and Gallo-Roman immigration. The process of romanization is analyzed by taking into account ethnographic, social and cultural realities according to the most current theories of modern research on this subject. Because this location is an agglomeration located on a river on the outskirts of the Empire, the concept of a “border” is evaluated to assess whether Xanten-Vetera was a zone of convergence or divergence in comparison to the Rhine area. Additionally, this research analyzes the military and social context during which Emperor Trajan made the decision to grant the status of the colony to the territory that became the Colonia Ulpia Traiana. This regional approach highlights the particular nature of the history of Xanten-Vetera under the High Empire; migrations and tragedies within this geographical area have shaped a place with a unique destiny in Germany and in the Roman Empire. Finally, this work provides a relevant example of the changing motivations that guided the colonial policies under the Julio-Claudian, Flavian and Antonine dynasties and suggests the development of non-military pressure groups in this process.
Gueye, Doudou Dièye. „Migrants sahéliens : pacte migratoire et mobilisations communautaires“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS018S.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe migration of Soninkes and Toucouleurs' ethnics groups from the Senegal valley region is generally viewed as being under the control of the community benefit. And we try to understand the full the full details of this community control, we can notice a full system or a kind of a "migratory agreement that explains a sort of mutual investment between the migrants themselves and a their originated communities. The notion of mobilization considered an intense mental process to get emancipated from a probable fatal destiny, is put forward to explain this system. The migratory dynamics and migrants' strategies and their families to keep a real contact with people in villages are viewed from different generations' point of view and reveal that the innovations noticed in migration bring about an opposition between traditional hierarchies and new migrants' behaviours. And this rises the issue wether this "migratory system" will last for ever