Dissertationen zum Thema „Transfert de résine“
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Ducamp, Virginie. „Transferts thermiques dans un matériau composite carbone résine“. Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12505.
Faraj, Jalal. „Analyse thermocinétique de la cristallisation en milieu confiné d’un composite à base d’une résine thermoplastique (Polyamide 66)“. Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=3f498ef7-c800-4c4b-bf84-e98a8041b95a.
The simulation of thermoplastic composite during manufacturing processes is essential for predicting shrinkage and deformation in a composite part while seeking to optimize cycle times. For this it is necessary to know precisely the thermo-physical properties and crystallization kinetics under conditions representative of those encountered in the industrial processes. This thesis focuses initially on understanding and quantification of the crystallization of a PA family of 66. The study of crystallization kinetics of PA 66 is made on large temperature range using a Classic DSC and DSC Flash. The cooling rate could reach 10 000 K /s for a sample that weighs a few nonogramms. The effects of molecular weight and an additive on the crystallization kinetics were also discussed. Secondly, we were interested in analyzing and quantifying the thermal withdrawals, and crystallization during the cooling phase. The study (characterization, modeling and validation) of the strong coupling between the heat transfer and crystallization of the thermoplastic matrix in the composite was then investigated. Thirdly, the modeling of heat transfer problems linked to the crystallization was carried out by a finite element code. The results obtained with the numerical model were validated by experimental measurements performed on three devices intended to manufacture composite part based on PA 66 using RTM and thermocompression process. Finally, a detailed analysis of the phenomena could produce during the manufacturing of thermoplastic-composite was discussed. In addition the confined and shearing effects between the resin and fibers was investigated. The comparison between the experimental and numerical showed that the PA 66 used in this project do not produce a transcristallinty and is not influenced by the shearing during filling phase. We also highlighted the evolution of the thermal contact resistance (composite parts/mold) during the manufacturing cycle and the results were compared with results published on the literature
Van, den Broek d'Obrenan Ghislain. „Adaptation du procédé RTM (Moulage par Transfert de Résine) à la mise en œuvre de matériaux composites à matrice thermoplastique“. Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAL0112/document.
The "Resin Transfer Molding" (RTM) process is very largely used for the industrial production of composites materials with thermoset matrix. Indeed, it’s used by many fields such as the automotive and aeronautics. In this work we adapted this process to the manufacture of composite materials with thermoplastic matrix in order to answer the ecological and economic criteria imposed on industries. For that several steps were necessary. The first was the selection of a robust chemistry, adapted to the requirements of the process (low initial viscosity of the reactive system, polymerization time, etc). The selected chemistry, was the ring opening polymerization of ε - caprolactam to obtain polyamide-6 (PA-6). Rhéo-kinetics studies, as well as the physicochemical characterizations of a Pa-6 obtained at the laboratory were carried out. Following this step, tests in conditions of process were carried out with the use of dedicated pilot equipment. These tests were the source of modifications and optimizations of certain parameters of the process. The third step, consisted with the production of composite parts with a reinforcement of the type: unidirectional glass fabric. This production was followed mechanical and physico-chemical tests in order to evaluate the properties of these parts. Various sizing of the glass fabric were studied with, for objective, to determine which to offer the best properties. During this study we observed the low impact of the sizing on the chemistry of PA-6. To finish, we set up a reactive sizing which will allow a better interaction fibre/matrix
Laoubi, Saïd. „Réticulation des revêtements en résine époxyde à basse température (50°C) et résistance aux transferts de liquides“. Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET4005.
Zhang, Fan. „Modélisation en contexte aléatoire des propriétés de transport des matériaux fibreux“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10125.
In the Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) processes, the randomness in the permeability of fibrous reinforcement leads to irregular flow patterns and defects in composite products. A methodology has been developed for applying stochastic computational methods to simulate the uncertainty propagation from the fibrous architecture to the mold-filling responses, so as to study the stochastic phenomena in the RTM filling stage. Based on the developed numerical schemes for mold-filling simulation, the solutions of the stochastic system, by either intrusive or non-intrusive techniques, are implemented. The bidirectional non-crimp fabric with periodic architecture and the chopped strand mat with random architecture have been studied, respectively. The random architectural parameters are extracted by analyzing dry fabric images. Local permeability model accounting for the randomness in architecture is constructed by numerical simulation of unit cell flow physics or statistical continuum approach. Statistical properties are evaluated and used in the stochastic simulation to predict the statistics of mold-filling responses, which are compared with the experimental results for validation of the stochastic permeability model. In addition, numerical simulation methods are implemented for other mold-filling mechanisms with uncertainty involved, e.g. the race-tracking, the saturation of wrinkled fabric and the dual-scale saturation, to study other stochastic phenomena in the RTM filling process
Van, Den Broek D'Obrenan Ghislain. „Adaptation du procédé RTM (Moulage par Transfert de Résine) à la mise en œuvre de matériaux composites à matrice thermoplastique“. Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00715806.
Mabrouk, Aurélie. „Caractérisation des résines échangeuses d'ions d'intérêt pour les réacteurs à eau sous pression : Application et validation d'un modèle dédié“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00803356.
El, Brouzi Abdelhak. „Réticulation de résines thermodurcissables : expérimentation et modélisation“. Saint-Etienne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STET4005.
Redko, Vadym. „Développement d'un algorithme numérique pour l'identification in-situ du champ de perméabilités d'une préforme fibreuse par une méthode inverse“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10202.
In the Resin Transfert Molding process used to manufacture high performance composite structures, the fibrous preform impregnation by resin largely determines the piece quality. Numerical simulation is widely used in order to adress the issue of manufacturing defects. It is necessary to know material charasteristics of preform such as perméability which is the most important one. Generally, the preform permeability is obtained by an experimental measurement having a large variability. Therefore, reliable numerical techniques are being looked for. This PhD thesis aims to develop a numerical algorithm by inverse method to identify in-situ the permeability field. The performance of the method is shown by validation of three study cases. The developped algorithm allows to identify isotropic and anisotropic permeability as well as to detect the race tracking effect. In a future work, this numerical algorithm will be implemented in an on-line control system to optimize the mold filling process
Lomel, Sébastien. „Détermination des caractéristiques réactionnelles de la synthèse de résines silicones : application à la conception d'un nouveau procédé de synthèse“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2005_LOMEL_S.pdf.
Fine chemical synthesis is often operated in semi batch stirred tank. The semi batch mode results of the belated integration of process and chemical engineering in the step of product development and often involves difficulties in term of mixing and heat exchange control. In this context, our research work deals with silicon resin synthesis. To optimize the production, process and reaction limiting phenomena have to be identified and estimated. Thus, rapid processes, sensitive to mixing quality, were highlighted. So, in order to control the reactionnal system, the semi batch mode is particularly inadequate due to the complex mixing phenomena implied by the reactant fed which involves scale extrapolation and transposition problems. That is why a new continuous process, integrating mixing intensification reactor, has been elaborated. An overall analysis concerning the concept of the transition from batch to continuous process, via the integration of intensification reactor, has been established and experimentally validated
Nguyen-Thuc, Boi Huyen. „Etude rhéocinétique et mécanique des réseaux époxydes modifiés par des élastomères : mise en forme par le procédé de moulage par transfert de résine (RTM)“. Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0014/these.pdf.
The purpose of this work was the modification of an epoxy/amine system by incorporation of elastomers (reactive liquid or prefomed particles). The presence of the carboxyl functionalized group in the shell led to the modification of the dispersion state of rubber particles in the matrice. A divergence in viscosity at low shear rate occurred in the system based on functionalized core-shell particles, exhibiting significant non-Newtonian behavior. The modeling in G’ and G’’ master curves was applied using the Palierne model. A secondary plateau occurred in the elastic master curve. A modification of the morphological, rheological and dielectric behavior of epoxy systems was demonstrated by adding rubber particles induced the nature of elastomers. Composite materials were performed using the resin transfer molding process (RTM). An increase in toughness of epoxy modified with two kinds of elastomers demonstrated significant synergistic effects. The rubber blend gave higher values in viscosity and mechanical properties than using one type of rubber. The fracture mechanism of this system was plastic deformation caused by shear yielding led to particles cavitation
Moisy, Amélie. „Imprégnation capillaire anisotherme et polymérisation d'une résine thermodurcissable dans un bobinage composite de rotor électrique : Caractérisation expérimentale, modélisation et simulation du couplage multiphysique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0052.
In the mobility electrification context, the Renault Group assembles its own electric engines: the rotor is mainly composed of a steel core wound by insulated copper wires. The winding is immersed into a thermosetting resin bath ensuring the performance and durability of the motor. The impregnation occurs under controlled temperature to facilitate the flow and the polymerization. This process does not involve any pressurization. This suggests that capillary and gravity forces play a significant role. The global objective is to evaluate the impregnation quality. It requires characterizing, modeling and simulating a multi-materials andmulti-physics process in which heat transfer, polymerization kinetics and capillary-driven resin flow are strongly coupled. The materials are characterized (polymerization kinetics, viscosity, thermal and surface properties) to model their temporal and thermal behavior. Then, for an ideal unidirectional coil, an original temperaturecontrolled experimental resin weight intakefollow-up setup is designed and developed. Tests from 20°C to 120°C enable a deeper understanding of the phenomena andparameters’ influence. A simplified analytical model is optimized to match the experimental results. To complete, a coupled 2D anisothermal simulation is performed on a homogenized domain, providing the polymerization and thermal gradients and their impact on fluid dynamics. Finally, the analysis is up-scaled for a rotor-like coil. Another original dielectric-based setup is developed to measure the resin flow experimentally. The simulation of the coil’s impregnation is provided
Louisy, Elodie. „Synthèse de composites à matrice polylactide par procédé RTM (Resin Transfer Molding)“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R037/document.
This study deals with the development of polylactide based composites by RTM (Resin Transfer Molding). It focuses on the in-situ ring opening polymerization (ROP) of L-lactide in the RTM process in order to obtain, in a single step, a composite with a biobased, biodegradable and biocompatible matrix, presenting a good impregnation of the fibers by the matrix for a high reinforcement rate. First, preliminary mass polymerization tests (solvent-free) of L-lactide in flasks at the gram scale and in the absence of reinforcement were carried out. These experiments enable to choose the initial conditions enabling to reach high molecular mass PLLA matrices (Mn = 70 000 - 100 000 g.mol-1) containing the lowest residual L-lactide content (conversions up to 90 %). These characteristics are indeed essential to reach optimal thermomechanical properties of the PLLA matrix, suitable for composite applications. Polymerization tests on a gram scale in the presence of fibers of different kinds have then been carried out in order to evaluate their influence on the polymerization. Woven glass fibers display the least influence (conversion and molecular masses up to 90% and 70 000 g.mol-1, respectively). The experimental conditions determined above have been first transposed and adjusted for the production by RTM of polylactide/glass fiber composites obtained from L-lactide catalyzed by tin octoate. The RTM process was optimized by varying different experimental parameters such as the monomer mass, catalyst concentration, fiber quantity, tank heating, injection pressure and mold pressure and temperature. The physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the composites obtained were also studied. PLLA/glass fiber composites display conversions up to 95% and molar masses of up to 80 000 g.mol-1. The RTM conditions show no influence on the thermal (Tg = 50 °C; Tf = 170 °C) and structural (crystallization in the α phase) properties of the polylactide matrix. In addition, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of those composites can reach 200 MPa and 6 GPa respectively. The last part concerns the production of PLLA matrix composites by RTM process in the presence of catalysts presenting lower toxicity than tin octoate, the catalyst used industrially for the polymerization of L-lactide. Catalysts based on titanium, zinc, magnesium and calcium were consequently studied, but only the zinc catalyst leads to a material suitable for composite application (conversion and Mn up to 90% and 30 000 g.mol-1). Although the resulting mechanical properties are lower than those obtained with the tin catalyst (σ = 93 MPa and E = 3,3 GPa).Finally, the use of recycled fibers as the reinforcement instead of glass fibers was also studied in the presence of tin octoate. Although the high conversions (95-98%) and molar masses (Mn up to 60 800 g.mol-1) have been achieved, the resulting mechanical properties are much lower than those obtained in the presence of glass fibers (σ = 65 MPa and E = 2,2 GPa)
Alruhban, Ayham. „Contribution à l'analyse de la déformabilité de renforts tricotés“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10103/document.
During the manufacturing process of composite materials, such as «RTM» (Resin Transfer Moulding); resin is injected through the preformed reinforcement. The mastery of dry reinforcement layout in the mold is essential for defects control. Many studies cover wide areas related to this step for woven reinforcements, while few studies have focused on the deformability of knitted reinforcements at forming stage in spite of their significant extensibility and their potential as reinforcements of composite materials. The macroscopic behavior of the technical textiles is mainly due to their structural effect. In this research, the development and detailed design of knitted reinforcements in order to understand the specific parameters as textile structures are carried out. An experimental study of the uniaxial tensile mechanical behavior is conducted. The mechanical behavior of knitted structures in different orientations is analyzed by using contactless deformation measurements. In association with the characterization of in-plan behavior, forming tests of dry knitted reinforcements are performed on a special rig. Analysis of the results in terms of shortening, forming forces and local deformations shows the specificity of the deformability of these structures compared with woven reinforcements. To describe the formability of the knitted reinforcements, a correlation between the tensile and forming behavior is given
Louisy, Elodie. „Synthèse de composites à matrice polylactide par procédé RTM (Resin Transfer Molding)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LILUR037.
This study deals with the development of polylactide based composites by RTM (Resin Transfer Molding). It focuses on the in-situ ring opening polymerization (ROP) of L-lactide in the RTM process in order to obtain, in a single step, a composite with a biobased, biodegradable and biocompatible matrix, presenting a good impregnation of the fibers by the matrix for a high reinforcement rate. First, preliminary mass polymerization tests (solvent-free) of L-lactide in flasks at the gram scale and in the absence of reinforcement were carried out. These experiments enable to choose the initial conditions enabling to reach high molecular mass PLLA matrices (Mn = 70 000 - 100 000 g.mol-1) containing the lowest residual L-lactide content (conversions up to 90 %). These characteristics are indeed essential to reach optimal thermomechanical properties of the PLLA matrix, suitable for composite applications. Polymerization tests on a gram scale in the presence of fibers of different kinds have then been carried out in order to evaluate their influence on the polymerization. Woven glass fibers display the least influence (conversion and molecular masses up to 90% and 70 000 g.mol-1, respectively). The experimental conditions determined above have been first transposed and adjusted for the production by RTM of polylactide/glass fiber composites obtained from L-lactide catalyzed by tin octoate. The RTM process was optimized by varying different experimental parameters such as the monomer mass, catalyst concentration, fiber quantity, tank heating, injection pressure and mold pressure and temperature. The physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the composites obtained were also studied. PLLA/glass fiber composites display conversions up to 95% and molar masses of up to 80 000 g.mol-1. The RTM conditions show no influence on the thermal (Tg = 50 °C; Tf = 170 °C) and structural (crystallization in the α phase) properties of the polylactide matrix. In addition, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of those composites can reach 200 MPa and 6 GPa respectively. The last part concerns the production of PLLA matrix composites by RTM process in the presence of catalysts presenting lower toxicity than tin octoate, the catalyst used industrially for the polymerization of L-lactide. Catalysts based on titanium, zinc, magnesium and calcium were consequently studied, but only the zinc catalyst leads to a material suitable for composite application (conversion and Mn up to 90% and 30 000 g.mol-1). Although the resulting mechanical properties are lower than those obtained with the tin catalyst (σ = 93 MPa and E = 3,3 GPa).Finally, the use of recycled fibers as the reinforcement instead of glass fibers was also studied in the presence of tin octoate. Although the high conversions (95-98%) and molar masses (Mn up to 60 800 g.mol-1) have been achieved, the resulting mechanical properties are much lower than those obtained in the presence of glass fibers (σ = 65 MPa and E = 2,2 GPa)
Demirel, Mustafa. „Contribution à l'optimisation des mesures de température et de déformations par capteur à fibre optique à réseau de Bragg : application au procédé de fabrication des composites par infusion de résine“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440938.
Rochette, Jean-Benjamin. „Vulcanisation de caoutchoucs en considérant le transfert thermique et la cinétique de l'enthalpie : modélisation, effet des paramètres expérimentaux, applications“. Saint-Etienne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STET4005.
Parvathaneni, Keerthi Krishna. „Characterization and multiscale modeling of textile reinforced composite materials considering manufacturing defects“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MTLD0016.
The influence of void-type manufacturing defects on the mechanical properties of textile composites was investigated both by experimental characterization and by multiscale modeling. In particular, voids characteristics such as not only void volume fraction but also its size, shape, and distribution have been characterized for textile composites and their effect on the mechanical properties have been analyzed. Several textile composite plates were fabricated by the resin transfer molding (RTM) process where 3D interlock glass textile reinforcement was impregnated by epoxy resin under a constant injection pressure to generate different types of voids. A series of mechanical tests were performed to examine the dependency of tensile modulus and strength of composites on the total void volume fraction, intra & inter-yarn void volume fraction, and their geometrical characteristics. Microscopy observations were performed to obtain the local information about fibers (diameter and distribution), and intra-yarn voids (radius, aspect ratio and distribution). Based on these results, a novel algorithm was proposed to generate the statistically equivalent representative volume element (RVE) containing voids. Moreover, the effect of void morphology, diameter and spatial distribution (homogeneous, random and clustering) on the homogenized properties of the yarns was also investigated by the finite element method. X-ray micro-computed tomography was employed to extract the real meso-scale geometry and inter-yarn voids. Subsequently, this data was utilized to create a numerical model at meso-scale RVE and used to predict the elastic properties of composites containing voids. A parametric study using a multiscale numerical method was proposed to investigate the effect of each void characteristic, i.e. volume fraction, size, shape, distribution, and location on the elastic properties of composites. Thus, the proposed multiscale method allows establishing a correlation between the void defects at different scales and the mechanical properties of textile composites
Lecointe, Damien. „Caractérisation et simulation des processus de transferts lors d'injection de résine pour le procédé RTM“. Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00528926.
Burger, Nicolas. „Amélioration de la conductivité thermique des résines époxy par incorporation de charges conductrices“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0183/document.
Aerospace and Aeronautics applications require more and more high-performance technology. More specifically, in some advanced materials such as radiator panels in satellites, the heat dissipation is a real concern for engineers, in order to avoid any premature degradation or any other negative behavior of the material. Hence, improving the thermal conductivity of some satellite’s components has become an important issue. This PhD work helped us studying and understanding in details the heat transfer mechanisms by conduction. More precisely, some parameters, such as the influence of interfaces, the mean inter-particle distance or any modification in the linearity of a crystalline structure, were revealed to be pretty detrimental for improving the thermal conductivity. The dispersion state, fillers functionalizations or nanoparticles did not necessarily show an enhancement of the thermal conductivity, but could eventually impact on other properties, such as electrical conductivity. However, some intrinsic parameters of the filler, such as the particle’s size, the aspect ratio, the specific surface area, the crystallinity or the morphology of the filler, are essential to enhance the thermal conductivity of an epoxy-based material. This work allowed us to illustrate the complexity of the thermal conduction mechanisms, through the results obtained and the assumptions made in the following manuscript. Besides, in the context of this PhD work, the materials considered here are epoxy-based composites, widely used in satellites applications. The main objective of this work is therefore to improve the thermal conductivity of epoxy resins by incorporating thermally-conductive fillers. An original study is also proposed here, based on structured and aligned thermally-conductive fillers, in order to highlight the importance of the anisotropic aspect of thermal conductivity. Several fillers were then studied, revealing graphite and graphene as most interesting particles. The industrial objective of this PhD work has been amply achieved, through a thorough study of these particles
Fontanier, Jean-Charles. „Développement d'un système réactif pour composites acryliques par procédé RTM“. Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI024.
Nowadays, polymer matrix composites are widely used for aerospace, automotive, railway and sport industries. For similar structural properties, these materials coul be very attractive since they could be 30 to 40% lighter than metallic counterparts. In the current context of environmental development issues, thermoplastic-based composites, (in our case acrylic matrix based one), can be considered as they can be easily recycled as opposed to thermoset-based ones. Furthermore, they could exhibit good mechanical properties, i.e. stiffness and impact resistance, enabling them to be relevant for many applications. Manufacturing structural composites requires to produce parts without defects having complex geometries. For this purpose Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) has been selected to process such composites. Indeed, it corresponds to a low temperature closed-mold process allowing for manufacturing complex continuous fiber-based-reinforced parts. However, it requires precursors with a very low viscosity (η < 1 Pa.s) to ensure a good impregnation of the dry preform. To be cost effective, fast reactive systems have also to be selected. Thermoplastic polymers which own a very high viscosity in molten state cannot be directly used. Our strategy is to design an acrylic-based reactive formulation exhibiting a very low initial viscosity, i.e. about 100 mPa.s and which can subsequently polymerizes via a free radical mechanism once the mold is filled and the preform fully impregnated. Therefore, our main objective is to optimize curing conditions (especially thermal initiator ratios and temperature) of RTM-compatible acrylic-based reactive formulations to lead to suitable composite parts with high conversion rate, low residual monomer content and relevant process cycles
Orliac, Jean-Guillaume. „Analyse et simulation du comportement anisotrope lors de la mise en forme de renforts tissés interlock“. Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00823359.
Michel, Denis Paul. „Transferts de chaleur et de masse dans un bois résineux : application au séchage du pin maritime“. Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10536.
Ernault, Estève. „Thermo-oxydation de résines époxy/amine“. Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0060/document.
Epoxy/amine resins are thermoset materials made of epoxy prepolymer and amine hardener. Those materials are used in several industrial applications, such as paint or to encapsulate electronics. The main goal of this work is to predict lifetime of three resins: DGEBA or DGEBU/cycloaliphatic diamine, DGEBA/aliphatic diamine, in thermo-oxidative environment. In order to achieve this, a multi scale study of the oxidation is done, at several temperatures (from 110°C to 200°C) and oxygen partial pressures (0,2 bars et 50 bars). At molecular scale, the formation of amides and carbonyls has been noticed. At macromolecular scale, chain scission has been observed in epoxy/cycloaliphatic diamine but in DGEBA/aliphatic diamine cross linking seems to be predominant. Those properties are directly related to functional properties: mechanical and dielectric break down appear later in DGEBA/aliphatic diamine than in epoxy/cycloaliphatic diamine. The extrapolation of life is possible thank to kinetic modelling, based on chemical mechanistic scheme. The resolution of this kinetic scheme allowed us to model all experimental data (concentration of oxidation products, chain scission and cross linking), either in homogenous oxidation and in thick samples (3 mm). Stresses induced by oxidation in a thick sample of DGEBA/cycloaliphatic diamine have been simulated thanks to Matlab ® and finite elements by Abaqus ®
Lutz, Vincent. „Carbon nanotubes as nanofillers or fibers for multifunctional epoxy-based composites“. Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0039.
Nowadays, polymer-matrix composites reinforced with carbon fibers are increasingly used in the whole transport sector (aerospace, automotive and railway industries). However, the obtained parts still suffer from low impact resistance and low damage tolerance. To improve these properties, the matrix precursors have to be combined with organic or inorganic compounds to lead to multi-phased matrices. Among them, carbon nanotubes (CNT) are especially promising for targeting multi-scale reinforcement. Since high quality of the parts are required, continuous-fibers-reinforced composites can be produced by resin transfer molding (RTM) which also offers a reduced cost if compared with high temperature- and high pressure-based processes. However, RTM requires a very low viscosity of the polymer precursors and CNT-filled precursors are far too viscous to be injected on dry performs. In addition, this strategy does not allow for a control of the CNT location and orientation in the final part. In this study, innovative ways have been developed to insert CNT in the preform with local positioning and defined orientation. Deliveries of CNT in the matrix, from a neat carbon multi-nanotubes fiber produced by direct spinning, or from a CNT grown on carbon fiber were investigated in two types of epoxy matrices (with very different TG). Different polymer matrix/fiber interfaces have been generated using neat carbon multi-nanotubes fiber, CNT grown on carbon fiber and conventional carbon fiber, with or without sizing. A fine mechanical characterization of various fibers and particularly the measurement of single fiber interfacial properties have been performed in order to determine mechanical performance of continuous fiber reinforced composites. In addition, the nature of adhesion and quality of matrix/fiber interface have been fully evaluated by different multi-scale analyses and suitable microstructural observations
Azaar, Khalid. „Réticulation de plaques de résines thermodurcissables : modélisation, expérimentation et applications“. Saint-Etienne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STET4001.
Razafindrakoto-Andrianasolo, Voahangi. „Amorçage de la polymérisation des résines époxy et des formulations époxy-amine par des complexes amine-halo ou pseudohaloborane“. Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10112.
Plesu, Valentin. „Etude de la réticulation des résines thermodurcissables en prenant en compte le transfert thermique et la chaleur dégagée par l'acte réactionnel : modélisation et perfectionnement“. Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET4014.
Chalmin, Louis-Andre Odile. „Propriétés réductrices du dithionite de sodium dans des conditions de transfert de phase“. Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO19061.
Samet, Naïm. „Évaluation ultrasonore des propriétés d'une résine et détection de porosité à l'aide d'un transducteur multiéléments : application aux matériaux composites en cours de fabrication“. Le Havre, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00786143/document.
The experimental studies conducted in the LOMC on the manufacturing of composite materials by use of the RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) process, show the appearance of bubbles at different scales, during the diffusion of the resin into the fiber matrix. They move during the process, a few are absorbed; others persist and alter the overall quality of the finished product. The subject of this thesis is to study the appearance of bubbles along fibers enclosed in a production channel. The liquid front is followed as it moves by ultrasound techniques. The appearance and the evolution of the bubbles are related, through these measures, to the processes that generate them in order to try and find improvements to the fabrication techniques. The bubbles are detected by signals processing and their evolution is followed in the flow path of the resin. Three main parts are discussed in this thesis: in the first part the behavior of ultrasonic waves interacting with the resin during polymerization is studied. The conditions for bubbles detection within the resin, by use of a phased array transducer, are discussed in the second part. The last part presents the monitoring of the evolution of the bubbles in the composite material during the manufacturing process was also performed. The aim is to quantify the concentration of bubbles relative to the rate amount of fiber and resin. In perspective, imaging techniques using the Doppler effect or nonlinear ultrasonic properties could be considered. The development of control techniques of NDT (Nondestructive Evaluation) during the production of composite materials is to should lead to a better understanding of the phenomena and to complete the feeding of the databases used in numerical simulations
Hugues, Christelle. „Elaboration de nouveaux liants pour peintures antisalissures marines : modification et caractérisation de résines acryliques, formulation et propriétés des revêtements“. Toulon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUL0006.
Concem about the environmental effects of tin-based antifouling paints has led to the development of new coatings with bactericidal properties. This study consists in preparing new binders for antifouling paints. Our research is focused on binders having two characteristics: a bactericidal property brought by tertiary ammonium salts and an erodability related to the presence of hydrophilic groups on the selected acrylic resin. The challenge is that the synthesis process requires few steps in order to obtain the desired binder during the formulation. . So we select a one-step chemical modification of an acrylic resin by tertiary amines, which would enable us to bind or Iink the tertiary ammonium salt on the polymer chains by a non-covalent bond. . This reaction of complexation between the acrylic resin and tertiary amines is based on a proton-transfer reaction. Three dimethylalkylamines were used such as the dimehtyloctylamine, dimethyldodecylamine and the dimethylhexadecylamine. Initially, FTIR and 1H-NMR studies were performed on the complexed resin in order to determine the nature of the complex (hydrogen bonded or ionic species) and its stoichiometry. The extent of reaction was assessed using the two previous techniques. Secondly, the physicochemical characteristics of the binders and the corresponding coatings were studied. The glass transition temperatures were determined by means of differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic-mechanical analysis. The permeabilitiy and solubility of the corresponding vamishes in synthetic seawater were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In the last part, the properties of erosion and the antifouling efficiency of the coatings were studied. It was shown that in static mode, the erosion of films prepared from complexed binders, decreased as the Iength of the aliphatic chain of the amine used increased. The same evolution was established for the antifouling efficiency of coatings formulated from complexed resins. Tests of erosion in dynamic mode highlighted the self-polishing character of the paints containing the acrylic resin and the tertiary amines. During immersions in marine environment, some of the coatings have revealed a good efficiency against the settlement of bamacles. This result was confirmed by in-vitro biological tests. These later properties, such as the self-polishing behaviour and an efficiency against barnacles, have pointed out the use of our coatings in marine antifouling paints
Mahmoud, Akrama. „Phénomènes de transfert dans un procédé d'électrodéionisation de solutions diluées de cuivre : étude expérimentale et modélisation“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL084N.
The work is devoted to comprehension and modeling, as weIl experimental as numerical, of the electro- deionization on three strong-acid cations exchangers on a pilot at lab scale for copper removal from dilute synthetic solutions of copper simulating rinsing waters issued from galvanic processes. Electrodeionization is a hybrid process based on a combination of ion exchange and electrodialysis. Before apprehending this hybrid process the ~echanisms of transport of ions in the resin bed and the membrane using a kinetic model of J. Janssen et al. Were studied. The operating conditions to implement to optimize the electrodeionization were sought and made it possible to establish the feasibility of this process. The effects of the height of the bed, the cross-linking degree, the density of current and the copper concentration in feed solution were studied. From the experimental results of the electrodeionization, the specific conductivity of the bed was estimated using a model which consists in calculation of the potential fields in the cell by integration of the Laplace equation using FEMLAB TM software
Peillex-Tran, Anh Van. „Contribution à l'étude des interactions micro-ondes-matière condensée : application à quelques exemples de la chimie organique“. Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10235.
Loisel, Bernard. „Etude cinétique de polymères thermostables : application aux matériaux de structure (préimprégnés) et à la microélectronique (photoréactivité)“. Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20198.
Kasseh, Abdeslam. „Transferts de la silice colloi͏̈dale d'une phase aqueuse à une phase organique ; synthèse d'enveloppes polymères réticulées autour des nanoparticules“. Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20160.
Antonetti, Pierre. „Etude physico-chimique de la dégradation thermique des résines échangeuses d'ions d'origine nucléaire : recherche des conditions limitant le transfert de pollution, application aux câbles électriques“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11012.
Festes, Gilles. „Etude des phénomènes physiques limitant les transferts d'images en lithographie optique submicronique“. Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0027.
Remond, Romain. „Approche déterministe du séchage des avivés de résineux de fortes épaisseurs pour proposer des conduites industrielles adaptées“. Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001132.
Lagouge, Matthieu. „Conception de microsystèmes à base d'actionneurs en SU8 pour la manipulation de micro-objets en milieu liquide et transfert vers milieu quasi-sec“. Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00084755.
Le premier système proposé est une microsonde en silicium polycristallin et en résine SU8 dotée d'une pointe, dont la fonction est de descendre dans un microcanal et effectuer des mesures électriques sur des microobjets. Après une phase de conception, un compterendu de la fabrication et des tests sont proposés.
Cette première étape permet de poursuivre sur un système d'extraction de microobjets d'un milieu liquide vers un milieu sec. Celuici comporte un système de convoyage diélectrophorétique et un actionneur en résine SU8 et or. La conception, la fabrication, et les tests ont permis finalement de démontrer le potentiel en terme d'automatisation d'un tel microsystème.
Fakhouri, Bakri. „Paramètres définissant l'absorption de l'eau dans le bois : stockage des cristaux d'iode dans le bois et sa libération contrôlée dans l'eau“. Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET4008.
Jomaa, Ghassan. „Étude des dégagements gazeux survenant pendant la coulée de pièces d’Aluminium“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0068.
The manufacture of automotive aluminum parts with complex shapes such as cylinder heads of the engine by the casting process is carried out by the insertion of cores made with sand hardened using organic resins (binders) in a metal mold and pouring of molten metal in this mold. As a result of the high temperature of poured metal, organic resins undergo thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) and produce gases which impair the quality of the parts to be manufactured. Until recently, the study of gas emissions occurring during the casting process was based on experimental tests. The purpose of this work is to study the gas emissions by numerical simulation. To do this, we proposed several numerical models. We introduced a kinetic model for the thermal decomposition of organic resins. We have developed a general model of multiphase flow in porous media using the method of volume averaging. Four models of gas emissions representing flow and transport of gas in the core under different scenarios are given from the general model. Models are also developed to describe the coupling of the heat transfer in the mold and the casting with gas emissions in the sand core. The implementation of the various models in the free software OpenFOAM provides a simulation tool that allows to simulate gas emissions under different scenarios and to study the impact of several factors such as the type of resins, core shape, the permeability of the sand on the evolution of the pressure of gas in the core
Jomaa, Ghassan. „Étude des dégagements gazeux survenant pendant la coulée de pièces d’Aluminium“. Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0068.
The manufacture of automotive aluminum parts with complex shapes such as cylinder heads of the engine by the casting process is carried out by the insertion of cores made with sand hardened using organic resins (binders) in a metal mold and pouring of molten metal in this mold. As a result of the high temperature of poured metal, organic resins undergo thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) and produce gases which impair the quality of the parts to be manufactured. Until recently, the study of gas emissions occurring during the casting process was based on experimental tests. The purpose of this work is to study the gas emissions by numerical simulation. To do this, we proposed several numerical models. We introduced a kinetic model for the thermal decomposition of organic resins. We have developed a general model of multiphase flow in porous media using the method of volume averaging. Four models of gas emissions representing flow and transport of gas in the core under different scenarios are given from the general model. Models are also developed to describe the coupling of the heat transfer in the mold and the casting with gas emissions in the sand core. The implementation of the various models in the free software OpenFOAM provides a simulation tool that allows to simulate gas emissions under different scenarios and to study the impact of several factors such as the type of resins, core shape, the permeability of the sand on the evolution of the pressure of gas in the core
Menard, Raphaël. „Synthèse de retardateurs de flamme phosphorés biosourcés pour résines époxy Synthesis of biobased phosphate flame retardants Synthesis of biobased phosphorus-containing flame retardants for epoxy thermosets Comparison of additive and reactive approaches From bio-based phosphorus-containing epoxy monomer to fully bio-based flame-retarded thermosets Synthesis of new flame-retardants by radical chain transfer copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate and dimethoxy-phosphorylmethyl methacrylate“. Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENCM0013.
The toxicity and the bioaccumumulative character of the usual halogenated flame retardants(RFX) lead to uses restrictions of the main FRX (PBDE) in the EU as REACH. The phosphorus-containing flame retardants (FRP) are suitable for the epoxy thermoset because of their action on the hydroxyl groups. Moreover, the FRP are less toxic than the FRX. With the rise of the biobased epoxy thermosets, the dependence on fossil fuels for the additives synthesis has become problematic. Thus, these works are designed in a sustainable development approach through the valorization of a biobased compound which is representative of the biobased phenolic structures. The directe functionalization of the phloroglucinol with phosphate functions has achieved a first generation of biobased additives FRP which exhibit a significant action in the condensed phase and reduce the heat released during the thermal degradation of the fire retarded thermosets. This effect results in a strong intumescence at macroscopic scale and the expanded residue acts as a barrier and leads to a partial degradation of the thermoset. However, these additives plasticize the thermoset network and reduce the glass and the mechanical transition temperatures. A two-steps functionalization of the phloroglucinol leads to two new biobased FRP, an additive (P3SP) and a reactive (P2EP1SP), with similar chemical structures. We were able to highlight the benefit of the reactive approach which favors the condensed phase action and the intumescence. Moreover, the reactive approach ensures the durability of the flame retarded thermoset properties. Since the reactive approach seems more efficient than the additive one, an other reactive FRP was synthesized, whose the structure was optimized to reduce the plasticizing effect of the phosphorus-containing group. Finally, the study of different 100% biobased phosphorus-containing thermosets highlighted that the disadvantages of the reactive approach may be balanced by the incorporation of a high functionality epoxy precursor or an aromatic curing agent
Perrin, Henri-F. „Étude des déformations de pièces composites induites par le procédé d'infusion de résine“. Phd thesis, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00667062.