Zeitschriftenartikel: „Trading communities“

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Benoit, Sabine, Jens Hogreve, Christina Sichtmann und Nicola Bilstein. „Professionalism Kills the Trading Star: Explaining Member Participation in Trading Communities“. Journal of Service Management Research 3, Nr. 2 (2019): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/2511-8676-2019-2-54.

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Kesavaraja, D., D. Jeyabharathi und D. Sasireka. „Online Share Trading - A Premium for Web Communities“. i-manager’s Journal on Management 5, Nr. 3 (15.02.2011): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.5.3.1317.

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Girsang, Lode Wijk Pandapotan, Noviana Simbolon, Rizki Nanda Saputri und Ria Karlina Lubis. „Optimizing Sustainability: Exploring the Intersection of Carbon Trading and Social Forestry Initiatives“. Mahadi: Indonesia Journal of Law 3, Nr. 01 (28.02.2024): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/mah.v3i01.15546.

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Carbon trading has emerged as a novel approach to mitigating climate change impacts and promoting sustainable development. The emphasis on social forestry enhances this strategy by involving local communities in forest management and carbon trading. In the context of the climate crisis, this study examines how the combination of carbon trading and social forestry can promote sustainability. The adoption of social forestry practices, such as empowering communities and managing forests sustainably, aims to reduce carbon emissions and preserve ecosystem health. This approach offers dual benefits by fostering local economic growth through carbon trading and safeguarding biodiversity while addressing climate change impacts. The research delves into the opportunities and obstacles of integrating carbon trading into social forestry, laying the groundwork for comprehensive solutions to sustainability and climate change adaptation.

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Siswanto, Hanif Abdurahman. „ross-Border Trade Malaysia-Indonesia: Involvement of Buton Early Immigrants“. BASKARA : Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship 6, Nr. 2 (30.04.2024): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.54268/baskara.v6i2.21613.

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Border trade in Sabah has occurred for centuries, extending back to pre-colonial times, and has progressed into economic integration, according to academia. In international relations, such border trade is defined as bottom-up border trade since it occurs naturally between two communities based on demand and supply rather than state involvement. This paper aims to discover cross-border trade practitioners beyond the border communities. This qualitative study adopts an inductive research strategy with unstructured interviews with four informants. This study found that early immigrants from Buton who migrated from Southeast Sulawesi to Sabah in the 1970s and early 2000s played an important role in maintaining and connecting border communities and consumers. Migrants carry out cross-border trading in Sabah between Indonesia and Malaysia. Border trade subsequently became not only a source of income for border communities but also a necessity for the survival of early immigrants, who until recently relied on border trading activities for commodity trading activities in the host country.

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Fujita, Atsushi, Hiroshi Itsuki und Hitoshi Matsubara. „Detecting Real Money Traders in MMORPG by Using Trading Network“. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 7, Nr. 1 (09.10.2011): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v7i1.12427.

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We have developed a method for detecting real money traders (RMTers) to support the operators of massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs). RMTers, who earn currency in the real world by selling properties in the virtual world, tend to form alliances and frequently exchange a huge volume of virtual currency within such a community. The proposed method exploits (1) the trading network, to identify the communities of characters, and (2) the volume of trades, to estimate the likelihood of communities and characters becoming engaged in real money trading. The results of an experiment using actual log data from a commercial MMORPG showed that using the trading network is more effective in detecting RMTers than conventional machine learning methods that assess individual character without referring to the trading network.

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Deng, Runze, Fengji Luo, Jiajia Yang, Da-Wen Huang, Gianluca Ranzi und Zhao Yang Dong. „Privacy preserving renewable energy trading system for residential communities“. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 142 (November 2022): 108367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108367.

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DiGregorio, Barry E. „Economic Modelers Liken Microbial Communities to Countries Trading Goods“. Microbe Magazine 10, Nr. 12 (01.12.2015): 505–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/microbe.12.505.1.

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Pyne, Sohini. „Engagement of Contemporary Communities with the Shared Heritage Resources of the Dwindling Minorities of Central Calcutta“. Journal of Traditional Building, Architecture and Urbanism, Nr. 2 (10.11.2021): 423–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51303/jtbau.vi2.530.

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The accelerated growth of Calcutta as a trading center under the British between the mid-18th and early 20th centuries brought an influx of diverse trading communities, including Armenians, Baghdadi Jews, Parsis, and Chinese, who settled in the historic bazaar nucleus of the city known today as Central Calcutta. These ethnoreligious communities erected significant heritage buildings reflecting their cultures. But with large-scale emigration and a rapidly dwindling local population, this shared built heritage is in neglect and has little or no relevance for Central Calcutta’s contemporary communities. This paper discusses the issues faced by these heritage resources and offers recommendations for enhancing community engagement, initiating co-management and developing common goals amongst contemporary communities so as to effectively safeguard this built heritage of dwindling minorities.

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Lundgren, Jonathan G., und Scott W. Fausti. „Trading biodiversity for pest problems“. Science Advances 1, Nr. 6 (Juli 2015): e1500558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500558.

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Recent shifts in agricultural practices have resulted in altered pesticide use patterns, land use intensification, and landscape simplification, all of which threaten biodiversity in and near farms. Pests are major challenges to food security, and responses to pests can represent unintended socioeconomic and environmental costs. Characteristics of the ecological community influence pest populations, but the nature of these interactions remains poorly understood within realistic community complexities and on operating farms. We examine how species diversity and the topology of linkages in species’ abundances affect pest abundance on maize farms across the Northern Great Plains. Our results show that increased species diversity, community evenness, and linkage strength and network centrality within a biological network all correlate with significantly reduced pest populations. This supports the assertion that reduced biological complexity on farms is associated with increased pest populations and provides a further justification for diversification of agroecosystems to improve the profitability, safety, and sustainability of food production systems. Bioinventories as comprehensive as the one conducted here are conspicuously absent for most agroecosystems but provide an important baseline for community and ecosystem ecology and the effects of food production on local biodiversity and ecosystem function. Network analyses of abundance correlations of entire communities (rather than focal interactions, for example, trophic interactions) can reveal key network characteristics, especially the importance and nature of network centrality, which aid in understanding how these communities function.

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Andrew, Brook. „Trading Lines“. ARTMargins 5, Nr. 1 (Februar 2016): 80–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_a_00132.

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Trading Lines is a photo essay that tracks nearly twenty years of research within international museums as well as collecting and sharing photographs and objects. This research began in 1996 at the Royal Albert Memorial Museum, Exeter, where I encountered an Aboriginal skull from N.S.W. Australia —that was part of the active international Aboriginal human remains trade activated from the early 18th century. This photo essay shares correspondence between myself and private and public collection managers and collectors. Some images are from actual installations where I have combined objects with artworks, as a whole, it is an attempt to draw lines between pure collection activities and legitimate anguish many people feel for not only their cultural heritage but also those of the human remains trade. Even though repatriation of human remains to Aboriginal communities in Australia has been an active endeavor over the last 10 or more years, many human remains, photos and other important documents are still being uncovered, repatriated and traded. The comparable texts and images explore the margins of both museum practice and community involvement and understanding of these actions and communications. I intend to present this photo essay as an archive that engages people within their own curiosity of access to a complex world of negotiations. Further documents, human remains and other materials are gradually and continually unearthed in museums and sold through private collections and markets. Reflecting on this, who owns their own culture and history, and how does a culture remember when they are not in receipt of their cultural materials. I hope to stimulate important considerations about the power of a public archive, noting the complex protocol tensions that can arise and how these lines or margins are negotiated, crossed, hidden or shared.

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Babb, Lawrence A. „Rejecting violence: Sacrifice and the social identity of trading communities“. Contributions to Indian Sociology 32, Nr. 2 (November 1998): 387–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/006996679803200211.

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Petri, Ioan, Masoud Barati, Yacine Rezgui und Omer F. Rana. „Blockchain for energy sharing and trading in distributed prosumer communities“. Computers in Industry 123 (Dezember 2020): 103282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2020.103282.

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Goto, Mika, Hiroshi Kitamura, Daishi Sagawa, Taichi Obara und Kenji Tanaka. „Simulation Analysis of Electricity Demand and Supply in Japanese Communities Focusing on Solar PV, Battery Storage, and Electricity Trading“. Energies 16, Nr. 13 (03.07.2023): 5137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16135137.

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This study analyzes how the electricity demand and supply constitutions affect electricity independence and power trading within a community and between a community and a grid through simulation analysis. To that aim, we create a simulation model equipped with a community-building function and trading capability. We first construct a community consisting of various types of residential and industrial consumers, and renewable power plants deployed in the community. Residential and industrial consumers are characterized by a state of family/business and ownership and the use of energy equipment such as rooftop solar PV and stationary battery storage in their homes/offices. Consumers’ electricity demand is estimated from regression analyses using training data. Using the hypothetical community constructed for the analysis, the simulation model performs rule-based electricity trading and provides outputs comprising the total electricity demand in the community, the state of use of battery storage and solar PV, the trading volume, and the electricity independence rate of the community. From the simulation results, we discuss policy implications on the effective use of renewable energy and increasing electricity independence by fully utilizing battery and trading functions in a community.

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Tang, Shiliang, Qingyun Liu, Megan McQueen, Scott Counts, Apurv Jain, Haitao Zheng und Ben Zhao. „Echo Chambers in Investment Discussion Boards“. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 11, Nr. 1 (03.05.2017): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v11i1.14875.

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We examine the quality of information and communication in online investment discussion boards. We show that positivity bias and skewed risk/reward assessments, exacerbated by the insular nature of the community and its social structure, contribute to underperforming investment advice and unnecessary trading. Discussion post sentiment has negligible correlation with future stock market returns, but does have a positive correlation with trading volumes and volatility. Our trading simulations show that across different timeframes, this misinformation leads 50-70% of users to underperform the market average. We then examine social structure in communities, and show that the majority of market sentiment is produced by a small number of community leaders, and that many members actively resist negative sentiment, thus minimizing viewpoint diversity. To improve generated information content in online investment communities, we suggest designing to increase diversity of opinion, minimize friction around incorporating new information, and provide performance feedback for self-correction.

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Sadjati, Emy. „PEMAHAMAN DAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADA KEGIATAN REDD+ DI KPHP TASIK BESAR SERKAP“. Wahana Forestra: Jurnal Kehutanan 11, Nr. 1 (14.01.2016): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/forestra.v11i1.134.

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The research objective was to determine the level of understanding and perception of forest communities against carbon trading and determine the factors that influence the understanding and perception of forest communities on carbon trading. The experiment was conducted for six months (February 2015 -July 2015), involving 60 respondents from community leaders and ordinary citizens from four villages namely Sungai Rawa village, Rawa Mekar Jaya village, Penyengat village and Teluk Lanus village in the region Sungai Apit district of Siak, Province Riau with a survey method that is divided into two activities: (1) Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and (2) structured interviews with villagers. The study states that the majority of respondents (58.49%) stated that they had never heard of the term climate change / REDD / carbon trading. The majority of respondents (50.00%) did not give an answer on the form of institutions that have the potential to implement carbon trading activities, while other respondents (12.50%) expressed the need for training for members of the institution designated to implement the REDD + activities. Understanding of society remains low and the perception of the public is still in doubt with this activity becau se it has not seen examples of activities that have been successful. Factors associated with a real understanding in relation to carbon trading activities are education and perception. Results of other studies conclude that there is a significant correlation between education and perception.

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Hussain, Akhtar, und Hak-Man Kim. „Enhancing Renewable Energy Use in Residential Communities: Analyzing Storage, Trading, and Combinations“. Sustainability 16, Nr. 2 (20.01.2024): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16020891.

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Renewable energy resources, especially rooftop solar PV, have gained momentum during the past few years. However, the local consumption of PV power is limited due to the negative correlation between peak PV power and residential loads. Therefore, this study analyzes various cases to maximize the consumption of renewables in communities encompassing dwellings both with and without PV installations. The three cases considered in this study are local energy storage, community energy storage, and internal trading. A total of six cases are analyzed by evaluating these cases individually and in combinations. To achieve this, first, a generalized optimization model with specific constraints for each case is developed. Subsequently, different indices are devised to quantitatively measure trading with the grid and the consumption of renewables under varying cases. The performance of these different cases is analyzed for a community comprising five dwellings over a summer week. Furthermore, the performance of each case is evaluated for various seasons throughout the year. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis of different storage capacities (both local and community) is conducted. Simulation results indicate that community storage results in the highest renewable consumption if only one case is considered. However, the overall combination of internal trading and community storage results in the highest cost reduction, lowest dependence on the grid, and the highest consumption of renewables. Finally, a techno-economic analysis is performed on four widely used battery technologies, taking into account diverse cost and technical considerations.

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Perger, Theresia, und Hans Auer. „Dynamic participation in local energy communities with peer-to-peer trading“. Open Research Europe 2 (11.01.2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.14332.1.

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Background: Energy communities and local electricity markets (e.g., as peer-to-peer trading) are on the rise due to increasingly decentralized electricity generation and favorable adjustment of the legal framework in many European countries. Methods: This work applies a bi-level optimization model for dynamic participation in peer-to-peer electricity trading to determine the optimal parameters of new participants who want to join an energy community, based on the preferences of the members of the original community (e.g., environmental, economic, or mixed preference). The upper-level problem chooses optimal parameters by minimizing an objective function that includes the prosumers' cost-saving and emission-saving preferences, while the lower level problem maximizes community welfare by optimally allocating locally generated photovoltaic (PV) electricity between members according to their willingness-to-pay. The bi-level problem is solved by transforming the lower level problem by its corresponding Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. Results: The results demonstrate that environment-oriented prosumers opt for a new prosumer with high PV capacities installed and low electricity demand, whereas profit-oriented prosumers prefer a new member with high demand but no PV system capacity, presenting a new source of income. Sensitivity analyses indicate that new prosumers' willingness-to-pay has an important influence when the community must decide between two new members. Conclusions: The added value of this work is that the proposed method can be seen as a basis for a selection process between a large number of potential new community members. Most important future work will include optimization of energy communities over the horizon several years.

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Chua, Wareham und Robey. „The Role of Online Trading Communities in Managing Internet Auction Fraud“. MIS Quarterly 31, Nr. 4 (2007): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25148819.

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Pantazis, Christina, und Simon Pemberton. „Trading civil liberties for greater security?: the impact on minority communities“. Criminal Justice Matters 73, Nr. 1 (September 2008): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09627250802274238.

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Dankwah, Kwaku Opoku, und Marko Valenta. „Chinese entrepreneurial migrants in Ghana: socioeconomic impacts and Ghanaian trader attitudes“. Journal of Modern African Studies 57, Nr. 1 (März 2019): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x18000678.

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AbstractThis article explores attitudes of Ghanaian traders towards an increasing Chinese influx into Ghanaian trading spaces and the impacts of Chinese merchants on Ghanaian traders and trading spaces. Despite a late entrance of Chinese merchants into Ghanaian trading spaces relative to Lebanese, Indians and Nigerians, the abrupt change in size of the Chinese trading community along with its huge capital and cheap goods have had big impacts on local trading spaces. We maintain that relations between Ghanaian traders and Chinese counterparts may be roughly described as complementary, collaborative and competitive. While the Chinese impacts are seen as positive by some Ghanaian traders and landlords, they are negative for others. Yet, we argue that these relations are also nuanced and rooted in each Ghanaian trader's position amidst the Chinese presence. This article contributes to the literature on dynamics of South-to-South movements. It adds to growing studies on contemporary Chinese emigrations and accompanying impacts in host communities.

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Algarvio, Hugo. „Automated Bilateral Trading of Energy by Alliances in Multi-Agent Electricity Markets“. Electronics 12, Nr. 11 (24.05.2023): 2367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12112367.

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In liberalized markets, consumers can choose their electricity suppliers or be part of an energy community. The problem with communities is that they may not have enough weight to trade in markets, which can be overcome by forming coalitions. Electricity is traded in spot markets or through bilateral contracts involving consumers and suppliers. This paper is devoted to bilateral contracting, modeled as a negotiation process involving an iterative exchange of offers and counter-offers. It focuses on coalitions of energy communities. Specifically, it presents team and single-agent negotiation models, where each consumer has strategies, tactics, and decision models. Coalition agents are equipped with intra-team strategies and decision protocols. It also describes a study of bilateral contracts involving a seller agent and a coalition of energy communities. By allying into a coalition, members of energy communities reduced their average costs for electricity by between 2% (large consumers) and 64% (small consumers) according to their consumption. Their levelized cost reduction was 19%. The results demonstrate the power of coalitions when negotiating bilateral contracts and the benefit of a low-consumption members alliance with larger players.

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Bandeiras, Filipe, Álvaro Gomes, Mário Gomes und Paulo Coelho. „Application and Challenges of Coalitional Game Theory in Power Systems for Sustainable Energy Trading Communities“. Energies 16, Nr. 24 (17.12.2023): 8115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16248115.

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The role of prosumers is changing as they become active and empowered members of the grid by exchanging energy. This introduces bidirectional power flow and other challenges into the existing power systems, which require new approaches capable of dealing with the increased decentralization and complexity. Such approaches rely on game-theoretic models and mechanisms to analyze strategic decisions in competitive settings. More specifically, a coalitional game can encourage participants to trade energy with one another and obtain fair and sustainable outcomes. Therefore, the contents of this work address the coalitional game for sustainable energy trading, as well as the challenges associated with its application in power systems. This is achieved by identifying literature works that successfully implemented coalitional games in energy trading and management applications while providing an overview of solution concepts and discussing their properties and contributions to sustainability. Moreover, this work also proposes conditions that peer-to-peer energy trading should satisfy to be considered sustainable. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate how a coalitional game and various solution concepts can be successfully implemented to ensure the benefits and stability of cooperation in power systems. The weighted Shapley value is proposed to allocate profits among communities according to their level of sustainability.

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Budhiono, R. Hery. „ISTILAH DALAM FORUM JUAL-BELI DARING DI MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK“. tuahtalino 14, Nr. 1 (11.08.2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/tt.v14i1.1351.

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Online trading is spreading world wide nowadays. It becomes such a trend in this information technology era. Traditional way of trading looks old-fashioned when it is compared with its new model. This bombing phenomena of online trading encourages the rise of new restricted codes used by its participants. It has a certain typical characterictics. This work tries to indentify dan define terms used within contextually. It is a qualitative descriptive research. The data come from two dominant grups in Facebook, Indonesian Casuals and Clobber Casual group. The writer found that there are many foreign terms used by the participants of the whole groups. For the community, these codes differentiate them from any other communities.

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Annala, Salla, Lurian Klein, Luisa Matos, Sirpa Repo, Olli Kilkki, Arun Narayanan und Samuli Honkapuro. „Framework to Facilitate Electricity and Flexibility Trading within, to, and from Local Markets“. Energies 14, Nr. 11 (31.05.2021): 3229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113229.

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Peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity sharing or trading can empower consumers and prosumers, incentivize the balancing of generation and demand locally, increase system resilience and reliability, and help in achieving societal goals, such as increasing renewable energy penetration. Nevertheless, the development of P2P trading in actual environments has been slow due to the unclear position of P2P markets in the power system. Recent developments in the European legislation are promising for the establishment of P2P markets and energy communities. Hence, the interplay between local trading and existing market structures needs to be addressed carefully. Furthermore, P2P trading with distributed resources presumes that electricity end users will become active players in the power system. This paper proposes a bidding and pricing mechanism for local markets, considering the external markets; a new approach to balance settlement and balance responsibility when local trading occurs; and an interface to promote end-user interest in, and interactions with, local energy trading. The proposed local market concept and interface solution promote the coupling between local and existing retail, wholesale and ancillary service markets, and can be seen as a step towards the establishment of local energy markets in real-life settings.

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Moreno, Ricardo, Cristian Hoyos und Sergio Cantillo. „A FRAMEWORK FROM PEER-TO-PEER ELECTRICITY TRADING BASED ON COMMUNITIES TRANSACTIONS“. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 11, Nr. 3 (10.04.2021): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.11077.

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Stefan, Mark, Paul Zehetbauer, Stephan Cejka, Franz Zeilinger und Gregor Taljan. „Blockchain-based self-consumption optimisation and energy trading in renewable energy communities“. CIRED - Open Access Proceedings Journal 2020, Nr. 1 (01.01.2020): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/oap-cired.2021.0061.

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Radhakrishna, Meena. „The Criminal Tribes Act in Madras Presidency: Implications for itinerant trading communities“. Indian Economic & Social History Review 26, Nr. 3 (September 1989): 269–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001946468902600301.

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Lupu, Yonatan, und Vincent A. Traag. „Trading Communities, the Networked Structure of International Relations, and the Kantian Peace“. Journal of Conflict Resolution 57, Nr. 6 (28.08.2012): 1011–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002712453708.

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Samuel, Omaji, und Nadeem Javaid. „A secure blockchain‐based demurrage mechanism for energy trading in smart communities“. International Journal of Energy Research 45, Nr. 1 (23.04.2020): 297–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.5424.

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Prevo, Lotte, Stef Kremers und Maria Jansen. „The Power of Trading: Exploring the Value of a Trading Shop as a Health-Promoting Community Engagement Approach“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 13 (29.06.2020): 4678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134678.

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Involving and engaging vulnerable communities from the very beginning is important if we wish to enhance general well-being. With a focus on equal partnership with low-socioeconomic status (SES) families, a Trading Shop in Vaals was developed as a community engagement initiative. In the current study, we focused on the participation process, from preparation to sustaining the Trading Shop, in order to define whether the Trading Shop can be successful in engaging families through focusing specially on their needs and perceived positive health. A formative case study design was carried out to monitor, evaluate, and timely adjust the developments within the Trading Shop by using participatory action research. The Trading Shop was monitored from its preparation to its opening, as well as during the start and the steps taken towards continuation in the form of municipal policy. The results showed one central theme during all phases: the optimal navigation between top-down support from professionals and bottom-up developments among the volunteers in the Trading Shop. With the input from both approaches, it was possible to create an optimal environment for the volunteers to achieve personal development. The inclusivity and accessibility of the Trading Shop as a community engagement initiative offered the opportunity to volunteers to enhance their needs, realizing personal growth and development of their talents in several positive health domains.

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Siregar, Mahmul, Mohammad Ekaputra und Vita Cita Emia Tarigan. „Empowering Coastal Communities: Enhancing Income via Carbon Trading Initiatives (Collaboration between JGU-FH and USU)“. International Journal of Research and Review 10, Nr. 9 (22.09.2023): 368–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230938.

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In Tanjung Rejo Village, a Mangrove Ecotourism destination located in Deli Serdang Regency, a significant gap in knowledge pertaining to Carbon Trading has been identified. This knowledge deficit has resulted in the mangrove plantation being undertaken merely as a routine task, neglecting the potential financial benefits that these mangroves could generate for Tanjung Rejo Village. It is therefore considered imperative to conduct an educational campaign aimed at raising community awareness regarding the critical importance of preserving and efficiently managing their mangrove forests as a valuable local asset. To address this issue, the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methodology will be employed, involving active engagement with the residents of Tanjung Rejo Village. The PRA method is specifically designed to instill awareness and facilitate self-realization within the community. This will be achieved through a series of structured activities, including group discussions and the exchange of experiences and knowledge. The project will be executed in a systematic manner. It will commence with a pre-test assessment that includes written evaluations and discussion sessions. The purpose of this initial phase is to ascertain the baseline knowledge levels of 30 community members and 10 village government officials regarding the concept of Carbon Trading. Following this, knowledge dissemination will be carried out through lectures and discussions, featuring invited subject matter experts. Subsequently, a post-test will be administered to gauge the extent of knowledge acquired by the participants concerning Carbon Trading. This initiative is being undertaken in Tanjung Rejo Village, which boasts a substantial mangrove forest covering an impressive 602,181 hectares. This vast natural resource presents a significant opportunity for the community to derive supplementary income through the carbon sequestration properties of the mangroves. By imparting knowledge and raising awareness among 30 residents and 10 village officials, the project aims to lay the groundwork for Tanjung Rejo Village to more effectively harness their mangrove forest as a valuable village asset. This community engagement effort also involves collaboration with esteemed professors from Jindal Global University (JGU) in India, who will serve as valuable partners in the endeavor. Funding for the project is secured from both USU and JGU sources. Keywords: Village Income, Coastal Tourism, Carbon Trading

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Sadeghi, Mohammad, Shahram Mollahasani und Melike Erol-Kantarci. „Power Loss-Aware Transactive Microgrid Coalitions under Uncertainty“. Energies 13, Nr. 21 (04.11.2020): 5782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215782.

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Peer-to-peer energy trading within microgrid (MG) communities emerges as a key enabler of the future transactive distribution system and the transactive electricity market. Energy trading within MGs refers to the idea that the surplus energy of one MG can be used to satisfy the demand of another MG or a group of MGs that form an MG community. These communities can be dynamically established through time, based on the variations of demand and supply of the interconnected MGs. In many modern MGs, Electric Vehicles (EVs) have been considered as a viable storage option due to their ease of use (plug-and-play) and their growing adoption rates by drivers. On the other hand, the dynamic nature of EVs escalates the uncertainty in the transactive distribution system. In this paper, we study the problem of energy trading among MGs and EVs with the aim of power loss minimization where there is uncertainty. We propose a novel Bayesian Coalition Game (BCG) based algorithm, which allows the MGs and EVs to reduce the overall power loss by allowing them to form coalitions intelligently. The proposed scheme is compared with a conventional coalitional game theory-based approach and a Q-learning based approach. Our results show significant improvement over other compared techniques.

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Schneiders, Alexandra, und David Shipworth. „Community Energy Groups: Can They Shield Consumers from the Risks of Using Blockchain for Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading?“ Energies 14, Nr. 12 (15.06.2021): 3569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123569.

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Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is emerging as a new mechanism for settling the exchange of energy between renewable energy generators and consumers. P2P provides a mechanism for local balancing when it is facilitated through distributed ledgers (‘blockchains’). Energy communities across Europe have uncovered the potential of this technology and are currently running pilots to test its applicability in P2P energy trading. The aim of this paper is to assess, using legal literature and legislation, whether the legal forms available to energy communities in the United Kingdom (UK) can help resolve some of the uncertainties around the individual use of blockchain for P2P energy trading. This includes the legal recognition of ‘prosumers’, the protection of their personal data, as well as the validity of ‘smart contracts’ programmed to trade energy on the blockchain network. The analysis has shown that legal entities, such as Limited Liability Partnerships and Co-operative Societies, can play a crucial role in providing the necessary framework to protect consumers engaging in these transactions. This is particularly the case for co-operatives, given that they can hold members liable for not respecting the rules set out in their (compulsory) governing document. These findings are relevant to other European countries, where the energy co-operative model is also used.

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Eum, Jiyoung, Hansol Lee und Gyeong-Seok Choi. „Analysis of the Operational Outcomes of an Energy-Sharing System for Low-Carbon Energy Community in South Korea“. Buildings 13, Nr. 11 (07.11.2023): 2797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112797.

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The transition to a net-zero energy system is being promoted in the energy sector, which has led to the creation of energy prosumers. These produce, consume, and trade energy using renewable energy systems installed in buildings or complexes. Here, a community was set as the target to apply the concept of an energy prosumer at the individual building and regional levels. Energy-sharing systems were divided into three categories: energy production, energy storage, and energy management. Energy-sharing systems centered on electrical energy—photovoltaic, battery energy storage, and energy management systems—were installed in two communities located in South Korea, and the energy-sharing effects of the system operation were reported. Monthly power consumption in spring and fall exhibited significant savings of approximately three times that of winter consumption, owing to the energy-sharing systems. Daily hourly power-consumption patterns differed on weekdays and weekends because of the weekday working and building-use hours of the communities. Energy could be shared between communities and buildings because of surplus energy. More surplus power was available for energy sharing on weekends because power consumption was lower. Because energy trading and sharing are restricted, the related laws are being revised. Therefore, a low-carbon community can be realized through surplus energy trading and sharing technology between communities and buildings as renewable energy systems spread owing to low carbonization.

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Bodomo, Adams. „The African Trading Community in Guangzhou: An Emerging Bridge for Africa–China Relations“. China Quarterly 203 (September 2010): 693–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741010000664.

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AbstractThis article analyses an emerging African trading community in Guangzhou, China. It is argued that migrant communities such as this one act as linguistic, cultural and economic bridges between their source communities and their host communities, even in the midst of tensions created by incidents such as immigration restrictions and irregularities. Socio-linguistic and socio-cultural profiles of this community are built, through questionnaire surveys and interviews, to address issues such as why Africans go to Guangzhou, which African countries are represented, what languages are spoken there, how communication takes place between Africans and Chinese, what socio-economic contributions Africans in Guangzhou are making to the Chinese economy, and how the state reacts to this African presence. Following from the argument that this community acts as a bridge for Africa–China relations it is suggested that both the Chinese and the African governments should work towards eliminating the harassment of members in this community by many Guangzhou law enforcement officials and instead harness the contributions of this community to promote Africa–China socio-economic relations.

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Alcarria, Ramon, Borja Bordel, Tomás Robles, Diego Martín und Miguel-Ángel Manso-Callejo. „A Blockchain-Based Authorization System for Trustworthy Resource Monitoring and Trading in Smart Communities“. Sensors 18, Nr. 10 (20.10.2018): 3561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18103561.

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Resource consumption in residential areas requires novel contributions in the field of consumer information management and collaborative mechanisms for the exchange of resources, in order to optimize the overall consumption of the community. We propose an authorization system to facilitate access to consumer information and resource trading, based on blockchain technology. Our proposal is oriented to the Smart communities, an evolution of Community Energy Management Systems, in which communities are involved in the monitoring and coordination of resource consumption. The proposed environment allows a more reliable management of monitoring and authorization functions, with secure data access and storage and delegation of controller functions among householders. We provide the definition of virtual assets for energy and water resource sharing as an auction, which encourages the optimization of global consumption and saves resources. The proposed solution is implemented and validated in application scenarios that demonstrate the suitability of the defined consensus mechanism, trustworthiness in the level of provided security for resource monitoring and delegation and reduction on resource consumption by the resource trading contribution.

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Nurmianto, Eko. „Empowering in Coastal Communities Using Ergonomics and Technopreneurship Methods“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1198, Nr. 1 (01.06.2023): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1198/1/012014.

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Abstract Every community wants their business to be successful and able to last a long time. Problems of coastal community are lack of skill and income Empowerment objectives 1) Determining the level of needs of coastal communities, 2) Determining the type of skills required, 3) Determining appropriate training packages to improve skills. Based on this goal, the result of empowerment is how to improve the skills and income of coastal communities. As people’s income increases, it is expected that the volume of activities and commodity trading will also increase. This empowerment provides a plan to improve the standard of living for coastal communities and their families. This activity is in accordance with SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth.

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Liu, Chang. „Trading Security Designs Based on Blockchain Techniques“. BCP Business & Management 44 (27.04.2023): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v44i.4837.

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Contemporarily, digital art has swiftly integrated into human beings’ daily life. While digital art is becoming increasingly popular and significantly influences conventional art, currently it is needed to be more online communities where art enthusiasts and artists may interact and offer a self-sustaining means of payment. Independent art programs based on ideas like reciprocity are what E-Gallery Art aspires to. Its goal is to encourage teamwork and co-creation in the visual arts. This research discusses the way to create decentralized Dapps based on blockchain that are mutually advantageous for platforms, artists, and users. The Dapp follows a process where users reward artists by donating, and the best-case scenario is that the artist is motivated and contributes more to the community. Users can create galleries and display their work for free, which is an important starting point for E-Gallery Art Dapp to start a self-sustainable cycle. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of trading security design based on blockchain techniques.

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MOSS, STEVEN J. „COMMUNITY-BASED TRADING MECHANISMS TO REDUCE POLLUTING AIR EMISSIONS AND ADDRESS GLOBAL WARMING“. Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 01, Nr. 02 (Juni 1999): 195–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333299000156.

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Policy makers are turning to market-based mechanisms to engender innovative ways of reducing polluting air emissions. As with any emerging market, environmental policies must be carefully crafted so that the institutions and incentives needed to form working markets are developed. Attention must be paid to creating avenues for communities and other "non-moneyed" or unorganised interests to be involved in the new market processes. This paper proposes a strategy to create sustainable, community-based methods to reduce polluting air emissions within the context of market-based incentive programs. By enabling communities to effectively participate in environmental solutions, they will truly be able to "think globally, act locally".

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Li, Qi, und Dong Chen. „Peer to Peer Distributed Solar Energy Trading“. ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 50, Nr. 4 (26.04.2023): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3595244.3595260.

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Solar module prices have dramatically dropped in recent years, which in turn has facilitated distributed solar energy resources (DSERs) in smart grids. To manage electricity real time supply and demand, the utilities has shown the strong interest in deploying virtual power plants(VPPs) which enable solar generated energy trading to reduce the intermittent DSERs impact in electric grid. Unfortunately, the current energy trading approaches in residential VPPs typically require a trusted third party to take on the role of the middleman, DSER users are not allowed to trade their surplus solar energy independently and simultaneously to maximize potential benefits. In addition, these approaches do not achieve "fair" for both VPPs and DSERs users. To address this issue, we build a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning based peer to peer (P2P) new solar energy trading system-SolarTrader+, which enables unsupervised, distributed, and long term fair solar energy trading in residential VPPs. We apply deep reinforcement learning with neural networks as Q-value function approximator.We implement SolarTrader+ and evaluate it using data from U.S. residential VPP communities that are comprised of - 119 residential DSERs. Our results show that SolarTrader+ can reduce the aggregated VPP energy consumption by 83.8% when compared against a non-trading approach.

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Khorasany, Mohsen, Reza Razzaghi und Amin Shokri Gazafroudi. „Two-stage mechanism design for energy trading of strategic agents in energy communities“. Applied Energy 295 (August 2021): 117036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117036.

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Samuel, Omaji, Nadeem Javaid, Ahmad Almogren, Muhammad Umar Javed, Umar Qasim und Ayman Radwan. „A secure energy trading system for electric vehicles in smart communities using blockchain“. Sustainable Cities and Society 79 (April 2022): 103678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.103678.

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Snyder, Holly. „Book Review: Port Jews: Jewish Communities in Cosmopolitan Maritime Trading Centres, 1550–1950“. International Journal of Maritime History 17, Nr. 1 (Juni 2005): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140501700126.

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van Leeuwen, Gijs, Tarek AlSkaif, Madeleine Gibescu und Wilfried van Sark. „An integrated blockchain-based energy management platform with bilateral trading for microgrid communities“. Applied Energy 263 (April 2020): 114613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114613.

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Li, Lin. „Selecting Portfolios Directly Using Recurrent Reinforcement Learning (Student Abstract)“. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, Nr. 10 (03.04.2020): 13857–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i10.7201.

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Portfolio selection has attracted increasing attention in machine learning and AI communities recently. Existing portfolio selection using recurrent reinforcement learning (RRL) heavily relies on single asset trading system to heuristically obtain the portfolio weights. In this paper, we propose a novel method, the direct portfolio selection using recurrent reinforcement learning (DPS-RRL), to select portfolios directly. Instead of trading single asset one by one to obtain portfolio weights, our method learns to quantify the asset allocation weight directly via optimizing the Sharpe ratio of financial portfolios. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, which is able to outperform state-of-the-art portfolio selection methods.

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Cassidy, Kathryn L. „Gender relations and cross-border small trading in the Ukrainian–Romanian borderlands“. European Urban and Regional Studies 20, Nr. 1 (Januar 2013): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776412463374.

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European Union (EU) enlargement and the later shaping of its relationships with its new Eastern neighbours through the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) have had a significant impact on communities outside the EU’s borders. As the EU has sought to control flows of people, money and goods through these new borders, it has also become a destination for irregular migrants and small-scale traders from its eastern neighbours. This article draws upon participant observation in one such community in western Ukraine, where continuing levels of high unemployment and low wages and pensions drive dependence on flows of remittances from migrants to southern Europe, but also revenues from small-scale trade with neighbouring EU members, such as Romania. New forms of transnational mobility have emerged, which are not gender-neutral. The article asserts that, while hegemonic masculinities exist in both Ukrainian and Romanian communities, gender relations in Romania are restricted by sexualised discourses. As male and female Ukrainian traders interact with Romanian border officials and local distributors and intermediaries, hegemonic masculinities in Ukraine are re-affirmed and female traders are unable to advance and develop their trade in the same way as their male counterparts. In doing so, the article expands research on gender and transnationalism in post-enlargement Europe beyond migration and demonstrates not only how encounters at the EU’s borders are shaping gender relations in communities outside the EU, but that involvement in cross-border economic activities is determined by the gendered discourses and performance that take place at the border.

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Horton, Mark. „Asiatic colonization of the East African coast: the Manda evidence“. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 118, Nr. 2 (April 1986): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035869x00139899.

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The history of early settlement of the East African coast is currently interpreted in widely differing ways. One view takes as its premise the idea that the coast was first colonized from Asia. This hypothesis, which has its roots in the work of XlXth century historians suggests that there was substantial settlement by non-Africans who established trading and religious communities. These colonies formed the basis of what has come to be known as the Swahili Culture. At first defensible peninsulas and offshore islands were chosen as safe refuges from the African tribes of the interior. Eventually contact was established between these new communities and the African coastal peoples, to the benefit of both parties. Raw materials were obtained from the hinterland of these trading outposts, which were traded and taken across the Western Indian Ocean on the seasonal monsoons. The foreign merchants married local African women and an Afro-Arab culture developed, building stone towns, mosques, and tombs, that still remain today along the coastline from Somalia to Mozambique.

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Jeffrey, M. „The Implications of the Wood Pulp Case for the European Communities“. Leiden Journal of International Law 4, Nr. 1 (April 1991): 75–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500001849.

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The liberal extension by the United States of its laws to non-resident non-nationals under a so called ‘effects’ doctrine has been the cause of much concern to its closest trading allies. Some fear the European Court of Justice's recent Woodpulp case indicates that the European Community will follow the example of the United States. Jeffrey examines the legality of the ‘effects’ doctrine before looking in detail at the ECJ's decision in Woodpulp. He concludes that the Woodpulp case will not support the use of an ‘effects’ doctrine. Instead it evidences an exciting development in Community jurisprudence within the accepted limits of international law.

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Kartika, Arie, und Windi Sri Wahyuni. „Electronic Transactions Against Virtual Money (Cryptocurrency) Stock Trading Special Criminal Law Perspective“. International Journal of Research and Review 9, Nr. 8 (29.08.2022): 766–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220864.

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Virtual currency was designed as an alternative legal tender, originally for use in virtual communities, and certain online gaming sites. The number of such virtual currencies is constantly growing and reaching out to activities in the real world. Currently there are a large number of virtual currencies in circulation and they can be obtained either directly (through mining, bilateral transactions with investors, from companies that sell virtual currencies, purchase of certain goods, etc.) or indirectly through the exchange of virtual currencies. Cryptocurrency can also be referred to as unformed commercial objects; it is actually a digital form which can be used in electronic transactions. This study aims to analyze the existence of virtual money (cryptocurrency) in stock trading in Indonesia and find out the responsibility of money laundering perpetrators who use virtual money (cryptocurrency) in stock trading. The research method used is normative legal research. The results showed that the existence of virtual uag (cryptocurrency) in stock trading in Indonesia when used as currency unification, transacting, trading or as a means of payment with businesses in this case, especially stock trading in Indonesia, can be said to be invalid in terms of its use7 Of 2011 On Currency. Users of virtual money (cryptocurrency) in Indonesia are quite widely used in terms of business, which can be seen in Indonesia itself already circulating virtual money (cryptocurrencies) such as Bitcoin and Centcoin. Then, the responsibility of money laundering perpetrators who use virtual money (Cryptocurrency) in stock trading which is very negative for the state of Indonesia, especially in terms of business because people who have committed these crimes take advantage of technological advances unwisely so that perpetrators can be charged based on law no. 8 of 2010 on the prevention and eradication of money laundering. Keywords: Stock Trading, Cryptocurrency, Special Crimes

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FEWKES, JACQUELINE H. „Living in the Material World: Cosmopolitanism and trade in early twentieth century Ladakh“. Modern Asian Studies 46, Nr. 2 (März 2012): 259–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000904.

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AbstractThe historical trading communities of early twentieth century Ladakh, in northern India, interacted with multiple cultures through both travel and the flow of trade goods. Using a neo-pragmatic philosophical framework, I will argue that this community—largely rural and commonly thought of as isolated—was, in fact, cosmopolitan. The traders' interactions with specific commodities prompted them to traverse cultural boundaries and engage with new ideas. This view of cosmopolitanism suggests that, while particular economic, political or social contexts may be part of the settings in which both individuals and communities are engaged in cosmopolitan processes, contexts do not define the cosmopolitan.

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