Thematische Bibliographien / Tournaments, 1925

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Tournaments, 1925“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Juli 2024

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 27. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Tournaments, 1925"

Krause, Stephan, und Dirk Suckow. „Der Mitropa-Pokal und die Legende mit den roten Schlafwagen. Fußball, Raumkonstruktion und europäische Eisenbahnverkehrsgeschichte in den 1920er/ 1930er Jahren“. STADION 44, Nr. 2 (2020): 338–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-338.

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The Mitropa Cup founded in 1927 was the most important professional football tournament of the interwar period. It was organized by the international Mitropa Cup committee, which was formed of leading protagonists from Central Europe such as Hugo Meisl. This Central European Cup was played out between different combinations of the leading clubs from the participating countries: Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, and Switzerland. German teams did not take part in the Mitropa Cup, because the DFB did not accept professional football teams at that time. With this sport historical background the study shows in which way the Mitropa Cup (as well as other tournaments) profoundly influenced the construction of economic and social space, and how it influenced the perception of the German Mitropa company. While it has been claimed that Meisl and his comrades could build on the sponsorship of the German restaurant and sleeping car company Mitropa, the parallel investigation of railway history through primary sources and sport history proves that no such relationship has existed, and furthermore, because of an international treaty the Mitropa was not allowed to provide services beyond Germany and several defined destinations. Thus, the discursive and spacial significance of both the Mitropa Cup’s football-based definition of Central Europe, and the Mitropa company as one of the two European players in sleeping and restaurant car services (the other being the French-Belgian CIWL/ISG), forms a historical coincidence.

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Ledenev, Aleksandr V., und Den Felkon. „On the chess prototypes of Vladimir Nabokov's novel The Defense“. World of Russian-speaking countries 3, Nr. 9 (2021): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2658-7866-2021-3-9-69-81.

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The article is devoted to discussing the likely prototypes of the figure of Luzhin - the protagonist of V. Nabokov's novel The Defense. Studying the biographical and chess contexts, analyzing the plot components of the novel related to the game, and taking into account the psychological aspects of the early XX century chess history, the authors prove that the versions of the main character's prototypes presented in previous studies of Nabokov's works are controversial. Among these prototypes are the chess players famous at different periods of the past, sharing only one thing with Nabokov's hero – a mental disorder at the end of his life. The authors of the article present and summarize new facts, not considered before, which are somehow reflected in the text of the novel, and the circumstances of the chess history and the world around it taking place at that time. This data became the basis for a new version that one of the prototypes of the protagonist's “chess impersonation” in the novel The Defense could be the Russian (and later Danish – by new citizenship) chess grandmaster Alexander Nimtsovich, whose life path crossed Nabokov's more than once. The famous chess opening “The Nimtsovich Defense” finds compositional and motif parallels in the corresponding scenes of the novel, and the narrator's reflection (close to the hero's reflection) on the specifics of playing chess is quite consistent with Grandmaster Nimtsovich's chess ideas, summarized by him in his book My System (1925). One of Nimzowitsch's biggest successes was winning the tournament in Karlovy Vary (Czechoslovakia) in July-August 1929 – at the very time when Nabokov was busy working on the text of his novel The Defense.

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Wójcik, Zbigniew, und Julian Jaroszewski. „Wrestling in the tradition of the Olsztyn Voivodeship (1945–1989)“. Masuro-⁠Warmian Bulletin 305, Nr. 3 (25.11.2019): 615–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51974/kmw-134924.

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Wrestling became an interest in Poland only at the end of the 19th century. However, in the Olsztyn Province, among other reasons due to historical conditions, this was a much later development. The first propaganda fights took place only in 1950. Shortly afterwards, the national team of the Olsztyn voivodeship participated in the nationwide tournament ‘For the City Cup’. However, a professional section was only established seven years later. Then, Lt. Zenon Rydziński initiated the training process at RKS “Budowlani” Olsztyn. It resulted in subsequent numerous sports successes. In 1964, thanks to the efficiency of activists from the People’s Sports Teams, young people from the Giżycko province also wrestled. The most die-hard players then set up further sections in the cities they came from

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Małolepszy, Eligiusz, und Teresa Drozdek-Małolepsza. „The Discipline of Football in the Provinces of Stanisławów and Ternopil in the Years 1920–1939. An Outline“. Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 6, Nr. 3 (2023): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2023.03.02.

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The aim of the paper is to present the discipline of football in the provinces of Stanisławów and Ternopil in the years 1920-1939. The area of Stanisławów and Ternopil provinces was mainly inhabited by the Poles, Ukrainians and Jews. In the years 1920-1939, the number of clubs and sports associations that ran football sections among Polish, Jewish and Ukrainian citizens grew. Initially, those clubs and sports associations belonged to Lviv Regional Football Association (OZPN). In mid 20s and in the 30s of the 20th century, football organizational structures were created: sub-region of Stanisławów, sub-region of Ternopil and Stanisławów OZPN. The football players of Rewera Stanisławów, Pogoń Stryj and Strzelec Górka Stanisławów became successful all over Poland. In the years 1934-1939, the footballers from the province of Stanisławów – as representatives of Stanisławów OZPN – took part in playoffs to get promoted to the national league. Junior football players of Rewera Stanisławów and Strzelec Górka Stanisławów took part in final tournaments of Polish junior championships in the years 1936-1939.

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Davies, Wade, und Rich Clow. „The St Francis mission Indians and the National Interscholastic Catholic basketball tournament, 1924–1941“. International Journal of the History of Sport 23, Nr. 2 (März 2006): 213–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523360500478257.

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Mayhew, Lawrence, Mark I. Johnson, Peter Francis, Christoph Lutter, Ali Alali und Gareth Jones. „Incidence of injury in adult elite women’s football: a systematic review and meta-analysis“. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 7, Nr. 3 (Juli 2021): e001094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001094.

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AimTo estimate the incidence of injury in adult elite women’s football and to characterise the nature and anatomical location of injuries.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesCombinations of the key terms were entered into the following electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Science Direct and Discover) from inception to May 2021.Eligibility criteria for selecting studies(1) Used a prospective cohort design; (2) captured data on elite adult women players; (3) reported injury incidence by anatomical site; (4) captured data of at least one season or national team tournament; (5) included a definition of injury; and (6) written in English.ResultsThe search identified 1378 records. Twelve studies published between 1991 and 2018 were included in our review and sampled 129 teams. In domestic club football, injury incidence rate was estimated to be 5.7/1000 hours (total), 19.5/1000 hours (match) and 3.1/1000 hours (training). In tournament, football match incidence was estimated to be 55.7/1000 hours. The knee (22.8%; 368/1822) was the most common site of injury in domestic club football. The ankle (23.7%, 105/443) was the most common site of injury in tournament football. Ligament sprains were the most common type of injury (27.8%), followed by muscle strains (19.1%). Severn studies (58%) had a high risk of bias associated with exposure definition and measurement and considerable heterogeneity exists between the included studies (I2=49.7%–95%).Summary/conclusionLigament sprains occur more frequently in adult elite women football players. We advise caution in interpretating point estimates of the incidence of injury due to high statistical heterogeneity. Standardising injury reporting and the accurate recording of match and training exposure will overcome such limitations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019130407.su

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Hernandez-Martin, Antonio, Javier Sanchez-Sanchez, Jose Luis Felipe, Samuel Manzano-Carrasco, Carlos Majano, Leonor Gallardo und Jorge Garcia-Unanue. „Physical Demands of U10 Players in a 7-a-Side Soccer Tournament Depending on the Playing Position and Level of Opponents in Consecutive Matches Using Global Positioning Systems (GPS)“. Sensors 20, Nr. 23 (06.12.2020): 6968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236968.

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The aim of this study was to analyse the physical demands of U10 players in a 7-a-side-soccer tournament based on the playing positions in 6 consecutive matches by global positioning systems (GPS). Variables of total distance, relative distance in different speed zones, maximum speed, time interval between accelerations, maximum speed acceleration, maximum acceleration, acceleration distance and the number of high-intensity accelerations were analysed. Differences between playing positions were found in the total distance covered by the midfielders. They covered higher total distances than the defenders (+1167 m; 95% CI: 411 to 1922 m; effect size (ES) = 1.41; p < 0.05) and forwards (+1388 m; CI 95%: 712 a 2063 m; TE = 0.85; p < 0.05). The total covered distance increased in the final rounds with respect to the group stage (p < 0.05; ES: 0.44 to 1.62), and high-intensity actions, such as the number of accelerations, were greater in the final rounds compared to the group stage (p < 0.05; ES: 0.44 to 1.62). The physical performance of young football players in a tournament with consecutive matches on a 40 × 62 m football field on the same day is influenced by the playing position and dependent on the level difference between opponents.

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Madden, Robyn, Jane Shearer, David Legg und Jill Parnell. „Evaluation of Dietary Supplement Use in Wheelchair Rugby Athletes“. Nutrients 10, Nr. 12 (11.12.2018): 1958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10121958.

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Wheelchair rugby is a rapidly growing Paralympic sport; however, research remains predominantly in the realms of physiology and biomechanics. Currently, there is little investigation into nutrition and dietary supplement use among wheelchair rugby athletes (WRA). The aim of this study was to assess the types of dietary supplements (DS) used, the prevalence of usage, and the reasons for use among WRA. The secondary aim was to report utilized and preferred sources of nutritional information among this population. A valid, reliable Dietary Supplement Questionnaire was used to report supplement use and reasons for use. Male (n = 33) and female (n = 9) WRA were recruited at a national tournament and through emailing coaches of various Canadian teams. Dietary supplement usage was prevalent as 90.9% of males and 77.8% of females reported usage within the past three months with the most regularly used supplements being vitamin D (26.2%), electrolytes (19.5%), and protein powder (19.5%). The most common reason for usage was performance. The top sources of nutrition information were dietitian/nutritionist and the internet. Further investigation into DS use is needed to help create nutritional guidelines that are accessible to WRA and athletes with disabilities in general.

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Cho, Young Chul. „A Study on the Achievement of Judo in Korea during the Japanese Colonial Period“. Taegu Science University Defense Security Institute 6, Nr. 3 (30.06.2022): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37181/jscs.2022.6.3.037.

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This study examined and discussed the historical significance of the developmental aspects of the Kodokan Judo in the process of inflow of Kodokan Judo by forced suppression after the establishment of YMCA Judo in 1906 in Korea with an objective perspective and drew conclusions. The establishment of Judo Korea was officially established on November 22, 1917 by the forced suppression of the Chosun Judo Department in the YMCA Hwangseong Christian Youth Association in 1906. This group was a group by political means of the Chosun Governor-General and the Japanese imperialists.,On the other hand, the Judo part of the Joseon Dynasty formed a momentum for the commercial spirit in the Judo part of the YMCA Hwangseong Christian Youth Association for the sake of national revival. In other words, with the claim of Lee Sang-jae, a teacher of Vietnam, who is training 100 people in the terrible times of the Japanese colonial rule, the national leaders did not spare all physical support to inspire the business spirit through Judo first, and the indifference of the drama in the emerging military schools became the starting point for the independence movement. In addition, the first Judo tournament was held on October 19, 1929, with five organizations participating, but the last tournament was abolished by Japan on October 12, 1935, as the 7th meeting. However, Lee Sun-gil won the championship and runner-up in 1930s and 1940s, and Seok Jin-kyung not only won the solo exhibition of the Judo Championship in July 1933, but also the Chosun Judo re-defeated Japan and gave a national spirit of business as a country. Thus, it will be possible to present the historical value that achieved the grandeur through the national thought of Judo in Korea during the Japanese colonial period and the academic plan of Judo history education.

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Huddleston, Will. „“Una victoria para el Uruguay como país”: Style, National Identity, and Intercultural Encounter at the 1924 Olympic Football Tournament“. Studies in Latin American Popular Culture 42 (Juni 2024): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/slapc4204.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Tournaments, 1925"

Arizona, Associated Students of the University of. „1985 Desert, University of Arizona Yearbook“. University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/231972.

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The University of Arizona Yearbook is an annual publication that documents student activities, and campus life. The yearbook contains photographs and information about the university including: homecoming, graduating class, athletic events, student organizations and faculty.

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VOTAVA, Štěpán. „Historie stolního tenisu v českých zemích v letech 1920 {--} 1945“. Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-52475.

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This work is about the table tennis beginning and the development in the Czech lands from 1920 to 1945. There is a mention about the world table tennis. The beginning of the racing era, the table tennis association establishment, the Czech Players success and racing and clubs development are described in this work. It is focusing on table tennis in Moravia, Prague, Northern, Eastern, Southern and Western Bohemia. It presents sportsmen in the thirties (XX. century). It meets us with life of sportsmen, their conditions and especially financial conditions and their approach to sport.

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Bücher zum Thema "Tournaments, 1925"

Kramer, A., und Holzhausen, W. von, d 1876-. Der vierundzwanzigste und fünfundzwanzigste Kongress des Deutschen Schachbundes: Breslau 1925, Magdeburg 1927. Zürich: Edition Olms, 1985.

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Boon, Kevin. Lions, Wallabies & Springboks, 1925-1950. Wellington [N.Z.]: Kotuku Pub., 2010.

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Dimer, J., und W. Schlage. Der zwanzigste, einundzwanzigste, zweiundzwanzigste und dreiundzwanzigste Kongress des Deutschen Schachbundes. Zürich: Editions Olms, 1985.

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Aron, Nimzowitsch. Carlsbad International Chess Tournament 1929: Annotated. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2004.

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Juanpere, Salvador. Obertura catalana, 1929-1989. Barcelona, Catalunya: Llamp, 1990.

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Whyld, Ken. The first Chess Olympiad, London, 1927. Caistor: Ken Whyld, 1993.

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Alan, Little. Wimbledon compendium 1995. London: All England Lawn Tennis & Croquet Club, 1995.

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Felice, Gino Di. Chess results, 1951-1955: A comprehensive record with 1,615 tournament crosstables and 143 match scores, with sources. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co., 2010.

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Felice, Gino Di. Chess results, 1951-1955: A comprehensive record with 1,620 tournament crosstables and 144 match scores, with sources. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co., 2010.

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Aron, Nimzowitsch. Mezhdunarodnyĭ shakhmatnyĭ turnir v Bad-Kissingene 1928 g.: Sbornik partiĭ s podrobnymi komentarii͡ami. 2. Aufl. [Moskva]: Tartl Press, 1993.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Tournaments, 1925"

Anderson, Ian. „League schedules“. In Combinatorial Designs and Tournaments, 160–71. Oxford University PressOxford, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198500292.003.0008.

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Abstract In a round robin tournament, every team plays every other team once. If there are 2n teams, and the n(2n -1) games are to be arranged into 2n -l rounds, with each team playing in one game in each round, we seek a resolvable (2n,2, 1) design. As we have already seen in sections 1.2 and 2.3, such league schedules can be obtained elegantly by the ‘circle method’ and, more generally, by the use of a difference system. For example, the Scottish Rugby Union used the design of Example 1.2.3 for its 1995 premier league, altering the home and away venues slightly (we shall discuss this further in section 8.2).

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Demas, Lane. „Guns in their Golf Bags“. In Game of Privilege. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469634227.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses golf and black militant movements in the late 1960s and 1970s, exploring how American black nationalist leaders and anticolonial movements in the Caribbean and Africa appropriated the symbolism of black golfers. Popular magazines like Jet and Ebony celebrated black players, organizations sponsored black golf tours throughout the African Diaspora, and a new generation of professionals—led by Lee Elder—more directly confronted racism in the PGA and sought access to its most exclusive enclaves. Meanwhile, the ongoing internationalization of the civil rights movement placed golf squarely within global debates over race and racial discrimination. The game’s popularity in South Africa and Rhodesia made it a target of the antiapartheid movement, especially as more African-born white professionals—like star Gary Player—traveled to play in PGA events. While fans have long been interested in Muhammad Ali’s popularity in Africa or the black protests surrounding the 1968 Mexico City Olympics, they have overlooked golf as a cite of militancy. Coinciding with Ali’s famous 1974 trip to Zaire, Elder’s trips to Africa—including his confrontations with apartheid at South African golf tournaments—and his integration of the Masters Golf Tournament in 1975 are just two examples.

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Brown, Matthew. „The 1930 World Cup“. In Sports in South America, 199–212. Yale University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300247527.003.0013.

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This chapter focuses on the 1930 World Cup. After the Uruguayan victory at the Paris Olympic Games in 1924 and Amsterdam in 1928, authorities lobbied FIFA to be chosen to host the first men's soccer World Cup in 1930 and succeeded. The success meant that the tournament would mark the centenary of the country's independence from colonial rule. Moreover, the Uruguayans used their victory over Argentina in the 1930 men's soccer World Cup finals to show how at ease they were with their diverse ancestries and independent history. The chapter highlights that the 1930 World Cup is the culmination of the intertwined histories of technologies, identities, politics, and sports.

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Brown, Matthew. „International“. In Sports in South America, 176–98. Yale University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300247527.003.0012.

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This chapter explains how and why South Americans pioneered international sports in the 1910s and 1920. It highlights that South American sporting histories were central in the creation of a global sporting culture of international competition in the 1920s. In 1930, the first FIFA World Cup in Uruguay was the culmination of twenty years of international sporting tournaments in the continent, which were held to celebrate the centenary of independence from colonial rule. The success of the Uruguayan team at the Olympics originated from the continent's less visible international sporting traditions. The chapter cites how South America's international tournaments and their consolidated political meanings shaped around celebrations of national independence could now be opened to competitors from elsewhere.

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Kemper, Kurt Edward. „Defending the Kingdom“. In Before March Madness, 198–224. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043260.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the NCAA’s response to its liberal arts reformist critics, its small state school competitive equity critics, and racial activists allied with HBCs. Beginning in 1955 as a result of the Crowley Committee findings, the NCAA expanded its governance structure to include the small liberal arts committee in both its leadership positions and its service committees but without attempting to restrain commercialized college athletics. It also voted to create a separate basketball tournament for its smaller-enrollment members, giving them championship access in a separate event rather than expanding their existing tournament. Creating a separate College Division also had two other benefits in that shunting the HBCs into the College Division placated the big-time segregationist Southern state schools because it precluded their ever having to play neighboring HBCs. It also created a parallel event to the NAIA’s tournament and helped stanch the membership loss of NCAA schools simply wanting access to the NAIA event. The creation of the College Division Tournament was the first step in the NCAA’s campaign to confront and marginalize the NAIA once and for all, isolating it from other athletic-related associations, intimidating schools and other organizations from working with the NAIA, and undermining NAIA events by flooding NAIA media markets with NCAA televised offerings.

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Brown, Matthew. „The Sports Business“. In Sports in South America, 98–118. Yale University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300247527.003.0007.

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This chapter explores the correlation between sports and business. It details the trade between South American societies and the global economy, which grew alongside the popularization of soccer, cycling, and motorsports. Moreover, the rise of international clerks, traders, and engineers with a passion for physical exercise strengthened the links between sport and business. The 1920 economic growth in South America tightened the correlation between sport, capitalism, and nationalism. The chapter explains that the popularization of sports coincides with the rise of stadia, ticket prices and advertising. It also notes that sporting tournaments implied political meanings that essentially represent the national states.

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Miller, James W. „At the Highest Level“. In Integrated. University Press of Kentucky, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813169118.003.0011.

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Principals and coaches from African American high schools in Kentucky began peppering the formerly all-white Kentucky High School Athletic Association (KHSAA) with questions regarding membership. Young acted quickly, and in 1956 Lincoln Institute became one of the first KHSAL members to be accepted into the KHSAA. The KHSAA state tournament had its first African American participants in March 1957, and the KHSAL ceased operations. A dozen African American schools closed after their local school boards submitted plans for integration, and their former students strengthened the teams at some of the newly integrated schools. The Lincoln basketball team faced a rebuilding year in 1955–1956 after John Cunningham and members of the 1955 state championship team graduated. Young hired Walter Gilliard as athletic director, and he succeeded Herbert Garner as head basketball coach the following year.

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Lindley-French, Julian. „The Formative Years 1945–1949“. In A Chronology of European Security & Defence 1945—2007, 1–18. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199214327.003.0001.

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Abstract The Formative Years 1945–1949: The Cold War begins with the end of a World War. On 6 August 1945 an American atomic bomb explodes over the Japanese city of Hiroshima, reducing it and much of its population to ashes in the splitting of an atom. Europe is in pieces, Asia is mauled, America is supreme, and Russia is resurgent. Europe, consumed by its own conflagration, is divided along the lines agreed at two so-called Big Three conferences in 1945 between the US, Soviet Union, and Britain at Yalta in the Crimea and Potsdam a short distance from Berlin, which has rapidly become a shrine to the defeat of German expansionism. In reality, the Big Three are the Big Two plus One because, broken by two successive wars in defence of liberty and democracy, Britain is but a shadow of its former self and neither the Soviets nor the Americans are in any mood to humour a fading power. In an atmosphere redolent of a chess tournament the Soviets and the Americans set about creating their spheres of influence. However, whilst the Americans cannot bring themselves to play machtpolitik without at least the patina of ideological overlay, the hard-bitten Russians have no such qualms. And, whilst they smile politely at first Roosevelt’s and then Truman’s hope for a new world order, behind the scenes the Soviets busily go about the business of imposing an empire, albeit masked by the empty rhetoric of the communist brotherhood.

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Tamte, Roger R. „Besides Rule Making“. In Walter Camp and the Creation of American Football, 262–72. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041617.003.0045.

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Camp leads the New Haven Clock Company as the company successfully builds a profitable business in inexpensive pocket watches. Factory expansions are made, the company builds a significant financial surplus, and sizable dividends are paid. Camp writes a series of three fictional sports books for boys from 1908 to 1911 and with assistance from ghostwriters publishes two more series: one, from 1911 to 1914, of six less expensive books under a pseudonym (Camp probably wrote the first book in this series) and another, from 1913 to 1915, of three books under Camp’s name (possibly all by a ghostwriter). A culture is growing around football, with a play on Broadway (The College Widow in 1904), added fight songs, homecoming festivities (beginning about 1910), and a first game at the Tournament of Roses (1902). The Intercollegiate Athletic Association becomes the NCAA and by 1909 has sixty-seven members; it is led until 1930 (except for the years 1913-16) by Palmer Pierce.

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Miller, James W. „A “Progressive and Enlightened” State“. In Integrated. University Press of Kentucky, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813169118.003.0015.

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This chapter discusses Kentucky's progress through “gradual integration,” which Governor A. B. “Happy” Chandler cited as proof of his “progressive and enlightened” state. Gilliard believed his 1959–1960 team had a chance to be special, but he was not convinced until the Tigers dominated a scrimmage against Louisville Central, a team that would be ranked number one in the state. All athletic competition between the two schools had been suspended after a huge fight among fans after a football game in 1955, but the Lincoln players hoped to meet Central again in the tournament. One Central senior who watched the scrimmage was Cassius Clay, who would win a gold medal in boxing at the 1960 Olympics. Lincoln lost one early game and then took off on a winning streak, despite prejudiced refereeing from white officials when playing all-white teams. Gilliard cautioned his players to get used to questionable officiating, catcalls from fans, and racial slurs from white players.

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