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Matsushita, Raul, Donald Pianto, Bernardo B. De Andrade, Andre Cançado und Sergio Da Silva. „The Touchard distribution“. Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 48, Nr. 8 (08.03.2018): 2049–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2018.1444177.
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Castellares, Fredy, Artur J. Lemonte und Germán Moreno–Arenas. „On the two-parameter Bell–Touchard discrete distribution“. Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 49, Nr. 19 (06.05.2019): 4834–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2019.1609515.
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Maister, Lara, Aikaterini Fotopoulou, Oliver Turnbull und Manos Tsakiris. „The Erogenous Mirror: Intersubjective and Multisensory Maps of Sexual Arousal in Men and Women“. Archives of Sexual Behavior 49, Nr. 8 (12.06.2020): 2919–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01756-1.
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Abstract Erogenous zones of the body are sexually arousing when touched. Previous investigations of erogenous zones were restricted to the effects of touch on one’s own body. However, sexual interactions do not just involve being touched, but also involve touching a partner and mutually looking at each other’s bodies. We take a novel interpersonal approach to characterize the self-reported intensity and distribution of erogenous zones in two modalities: touch and vision. A large internet sample of 613 participants (407 women) completed a questionnaire, where they rated intensity of sexual arousal related to different body parts, both on one’s own body and on an imagined partner’s body in response to being touched but also being looked at. We report the presence of a multimodal erogenous mirror between sexual partners, as we observed clear correspondences in topographic distributions of self-reported arousal between individuals’ own bodies and their preferences for a partner’s body, as well as between those elicited by imagined touch and vision. The erogenous body is therefore organized and represented in an interpersonal and multisensory way.
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Nielsen, Frank. „On the Jensen–Shannon Symmetrization of Distances Relying on Abstract Means“. Entropy 21, Nr. 5 (11.05.2019): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21050485.
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The Jensen–Shannon divergence is a renowned bounded symmetrization of the unbounded Kullback–Leibler divergence which measures the total Kullback–Leibler divergence to the average mixture distribution. However, the Jensen–Shannon divergence between Gaussian distributions is not available in closed form. To bypass this problem, we present a generalization of the Jensen–Shannon (JS) divergence using abstract means which yields closed-form expressions when the mean is chosen according to the parametric family of distributions. More generally, we define the JS-symmetrizations of any distance using parameter mixtures derived from abstract means. In particular, we first show that the geometric mean is well-suited for exponential families, and report two closed-form formula for (i) the geometric Jensen–Shannon divergence between probability densities of the same exponential family; and (ii) the geometric JS-symmetrization of the reverse Kullback–Leibler divergence between probability densities of the same exponential family. As a second illustrating example, we show that the harmonic mean is well-suited for the scale Cauchy distributions, and report a closed-form formula for the harmonic Jensen–Shannon divergence between scale Cauchy distributions. Applications to clustering with respect to these novel Jensen–Shannon divergences are touched upon.
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Guéguen, Nicolas. „Effect of an Interviewer's Tactile Contact on Willingness to Disclose Voting Choice“. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 42, Nr. 6 (16.07.2014): 1003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2014.42.6.1003.
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The positive effect of tactile contact on compliance has been widely reported in the literature. However, the effect of touch on willingness to disclose confidential information has never been studied. Two days after European Parliamentary elections, people who were walking by in the street were asked by an interviewer who was unknown to them, to reveal for which candidate they had voted. According to a random distribution, some of the people who were questioned were slightly touched on the forearm by the interviewer during the formulation of the request but the rest of the participants were not touched. Results showed that, compared with the participants who were not touched, those who were touched were more likely to be willing to disclose their voting preference (88.6% of the touched group vs. 63.3% of the no-touch group), suggesting that touch is a facilitator of self-revelation.
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Shao, Yitian, Vincent Hayward und Yon Visell. „Spatial patterns of cutaneous vibration during whole-hand haptic interactions“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, Nr. 15 (28.03.2016): 4188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520866113.
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We investigated the propagation patterns of cutaneous vibration in the hand during interactions with touched objects. Prior research has highlighted the importance of vibrotactile signals during haptic interactions, but little is known of how vibrations propagate throughout the hand. Furthermore, the extent to which the patterns of vibrations reflect the nature of the objects that are touched, and how they are touched, is unknown. Using an apparatus comprised of an array of accelerometers, we mapped and analyzed spatial distributions of vibrations propagating in the skin of the dorsal region of the hand during active touch, grasping, and manipulation tasks. We found these spatial patterns of vibration to vary systematically with touch interactions and determined that it is possible to use these data to decode the modes of interaction with touched objects. The observed vibration patterns evolved rapidly in time, peaking in intensity within a few milliseconds, fading within 20–30 ms, and yielding interaction-dependent distributions of energy in frequency bands that span the range of vibrotactile sensitivity. These results are consistent with findings in perception research that indicate that vibrotactile information distributed throughout the hand can transmit information regarding explored and manipulated objects. The results may further clarify the role of distributed sensory resources in the perceptual recovery of object attributes during active touch, may guide the development of approaches to robotic sensing, and could have implications for the rehabilitation of the upper extremity.
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PICARD, M., C. LE FUR, J. P. MELCION und C. BOUCHOT. „Caractéristiques granulométriques de l’aliment : le “point de vue” (et de toucher) des volailles“. INRAE Productions Animales 13, Nr. 2 (18.04.2000): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2000.13.2.3773.
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Grâce à une vision précise des détails et une perception tactile spécifique du bec, une volaille apprend, dès ses premières heures de vie, à associer les caractéristiques sensorielles des particules alimentaires à leurs effets nutritionnels. Le choix particulaire est très rapide et précis, mais il peut également changer avec l’expérience sensorielle que l’animal a de l’aliment. La taille et la dureté des particules déterminent une vitesse d’ingestion dont les conséquences zootechniques réelles dépendent de l’environnement. Exposées à des conditions d’élevage variées ou constantes, les volailles s’adaptent plus ou moins vite à un changement d’aliment. Le type d’élevage peut donc modifier sensiblement la perception et les conséquences de la granulométrie du régime. Cela rend difficile l’établissement de normes de besoin des animaux. La collaboration entre technologues et nutritionnistes permet la mise au point de nouvelles méthodes évaluant ce que les volailles perçoivent réellement de la texture et de la forme des particules. L’étude du comportement alimentaire est utile pour suivre, au laboratoire et directement en élevage, l’incidence d’ajustements technologiques, et pour développer de nouveaux modes de distribution des aliments. Nutrition et détection sensorielle interagissent sur les trois phases du comportement alimentaire : identification, préhension et ingestion de l’aliment. Une conception efficace de la technologie alimentaire intégrée à l’élevage devrait distinguer chacune de ces trois étapes.
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Crowder, Martin. „On Consistency and Inconsistency of Estimating Equations“. Econometric Theory 2, Nr. 3 (Dezember 1986): 305–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466600011646.
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The primary concern is to establish a fairly general framework in which estimators resulting from estimating equations gnθ = 0 are not consistent. This leads on to consistency by an intuitive route. Asymptotic distributions of consistent estimators are also touched upon, and the results are applied to various examples.
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Partridge, R. B. „The Cosmic Microwave Background“. Symposium - International Astronomical Union 124 (1987): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900159005.
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This review summarizes recent observational work on the cosmic microwave background, or 3 K radiation. Recent measurements of its spectrum and large-scale angular distribution are described, as well as searches for small angular scale fluctuations on arcsecond to degree scales. A few of the consequences of these measurements and upper limits for cosmology, astrophysics, and theories of galaxy formation are touched on here.
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Sénéchal, Gilles. „Les géographes et les idéologies territoriales au Canada : deux projets nationaux contradictoires“. Cahiers de géographie du Québec 33, Nr. 90 (12.04.2005): 307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/022051ar.
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Les débats au sein de la géographie canadienne, notamment ceux touchant la question constitutionnelle, ont mis en évidence deux définitions contradictoires de l'architecture territoriale du Canada. Dans ce contexte, la question du Québec apparaît comme le révélateur des idéologies territoriales sous-jacentes au discours géographique. Deux modèles s'affrontent. « L'idée d'État » fait de l'intégration territoriale et politique l'assise de la modernité alors que la défense du projet national québécois appelle une nouvelle distribution du pouvoir et un compartimentage intra-étatique accru.
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Tremblay, Hugo, und Paule Halley. „Le droit de l’eau potable au Québec“. Les Cahiers de droit 49, Nr. 3 (07.04.2009): 333–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/029656ar.
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Le droit à l’eau est un droit en émergence aux niveaux international et national. Cependant, ce droit fait face à des incertitudes, imprécisions et difficultés de mise en oeuvre, aussi bien en droit international que dans les États qui le reconnaissent. Au-delà d’une reconnaissance de principe officielle, de nombreuses autorités, comme le Québec, mettent déjà en oeuvre un cadre juridique qui permet un approvisionnement en eau satisfaisant en qualité et en quantité. L’étude du droit québécois relatif à l’eau potable met en évidence son caractère technique ainsi que ses dimensions environnementale et financière. Dans un premier temps, les auteurs brossent un tableau général de l’évolution législative touchant l’eau potable et présentent les concepts juridiques de l’eau potable et de ses usages. Ensuite, ils décrivent les régimes juridiques qui encadrent actuellement l’eau potable, à savoir les régimes applicables au prélèvement de l’eau, aux équipements de distribution et au traitement de l’eau. Finalement, ils étudient les dispositions touchant au financement des infrastructures d’aqueduc et la tarification des services d’eau potable de même que les questions entourant l’accès à l’eau potable en quantité suffisante.
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Oueslati, Jamila. „The phonetic and phonological status of the r-phones in Tunisian Arabic“. Lingua Posnaniensis 59, Nr. 2 (01.12.2017): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/linpo-2017-0013.
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Abstract Some aspects of the participation of the r-phones in the phonetic and phonological systems of Tunisian Arabic are discussed against the background of a brief acquaintance with the situation obtaining in Standard Arabic and Classical Arabic. In contemporary Tunisian Arabic six r-phones occur and the relations of free variation, complementary distribution and phonological opposition between them are examined. The assimilation of the [r] to [l] is touched upon. The situation of r-phones in other Arabic dialects is addressed.
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Bélanger, Yves. „La région de Montréal face au déclin des dépenses militaires“. Cahiers de géographie du Québec 37, Nr. 102 (12.04.2005): 493–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/022379ar.
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L'analyse de la distribution des activités économiques reliées au champ de la défense permet de constater une concentration géographique qui fait en sorte que les défis du désarmement interpellent un nombre limité de régions et de localités. Au Québec, la question concerne essentiellement la région de Montréal où est concentrée 63 % de l'économie de défense de la province. En touchant principalement les secteurs manufacturiers les plus avancés au plan technologique, en faisant appel à une forte proportion de main-d'oeuvre spécialisée et en affectant les secteurs les plus actifs en matière de recherche et développement, l'adaptation de l'économie de défense s'y situe au confluent de plusieurs grands enjeux économiques.
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Moore, Ginny, Monika Muzslay und A. Peter R. Wilson. „The Type, Level, and Distribution of Microorganisms within the Ward Environment: A Zonal Analysis of an Intensive Care Unit and a Gastrointestinal Surgical Ward“. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 34, Nr. 5 (Mai 2013): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/670219.
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Objective.To investigate the distribution of hospital pathogens within general and critical care ward environments and to determine the most significant bacterial reservoirs within each ward type.Design.Prospective 4-month microbiological survey.Setting.The intensive care unit (ICU) and gastrointestinal (GI) surgical ward of a London teaching hospital.Patients.Sampling was conducted in and around the bed space of 166 different patients (99 in the ICU and 67 in the GI ward).Methods.Conventional agar contact methodology was used to sample 123 predetermined sites twice a week for 17 weeks. Sixty-one surfaces were located within the ICU, and 62 were located within the GI ward. Each surface was located within a theoretical zone of increasing distance from the patient. Aerobic colony counts were determined, and confirmatory testing was conducted on all presumptive pathogens.Results.Regardless of ward type, surfaces located closest to the patient, specifically those associated with the bed (side rails, bed control, and call button), were the most heavily contaminated. Elsewhere, the type of surfaces contaminated differed with ward type. In the ICU, bacteria were most likely to be on surfaces that were regularly touched by healthcare workers (eg, telephones and computer keyboards). In the GI ward, where the patients were mobile, the highest numbers of bacteria (including potential nosocomial pathogens) were on surfaces that were mainly touched by patients, particularly their toilet and shower facilities.Conclusions.In terms of cleaning, a hospital should not be considered a single entity. Different ward types should be treated as separate environments, and cleaning protocols should be adjusted accordingly.
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Chai-Arayalert, Supaporn, und Ketsaraporn Suttapong. „INCREASING POTENTIAL OF DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS FOR CREATIVE THAI HAND-WOVEN TEXTILE PRODUCTS IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY“. Creativity Studies 13, Nr. 2 (04.09.2020): 477–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cs.2020.11865.
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The research was to investigate the omni-channel distribution system for the weaving community enterprises. This research was qualitative, utilizing a case study approach. The results identify the limitations of selling creative products only through physical stores, which are unable to respond to customers’ purchasing behaviors and needs. Nevertheless, the online channel alone cannot communicate the delicacy of handmade woven products through digital media since they need to be touched and worn to be fully appreciated. This dichotomy led to the design and development of the first version of the system. The research encourages the weaving community enterprises to widen their market in order to be able to compete in digital economy. It provides valuable practical insights into local weaving community enterprises and their ability to market their creative products in the digital era. This research fills a gap in the literature relating to the customer journey and the integration of distribution channels and sheds light on the need for local weaving community enterprises to adapt to the current market conditions.
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An, Xuanyi, Ping Ye, Jiayun Liu, Chao Tian, Shunshan Feng und Yongxiang Dong. „Dynamic Fracture and Fragmentation Characteristics of Metal Cylinder and Rings Subjected to Internal Explosive Loading“. Materials 13, Nr. 3 (08.02.2020): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030778.
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Dynamic fracture and fragmentation characteristics of explosively driven rings and cylinders are important issues in the field of weapon effectiveness and protection. However, the comparison of fracture characteristics between metal cylinder and rings, and the fracture characteristics of the metal shells at different axial positions, are rarely touched. In the present work, a recovery tank was used to collect fragments, and witness plates were used to investigate the fragment spatial distributions. Before the test, the representative positions of metal shells were plated with copper layers to locate the original position of the recovered fragments. After the test, scanning electron microscopy and optical microscope were used for characterizing the microstructure of the recovered fragments from different positions. Then, the recovered fragments were weighed and measured to investigate their mass and size characteristics. In addition, numerical simulation was used to further investigate the fracture mechanisms of explosively driven cylinders and rings. It was found that the projection angle axial distribution of the fragments for the metal cylinder was similar to that of the fragments for the metal rings. However, the fracture characteristics of the metal rings were significantly different from those of the metal cylinder. The adiabatic shear band played a key role in the fracture process of the metal cylinder, whereas the adiabatic shear band had little chance to initiate in the fracture process of the metal rings because the metal rings could deform uniformly with much fewer strain localizations due to their much lower length. The fracture surfaces of the fragments from different positions of the metal cylinder were very smooth, whereas dimples were found in the fracture surfaces of the fragments from different positions of the metal rings. The mass distribution of the fragments from the metal rings was more uniform than that of the fragments from the metal cylinder, and the circumferential rupture strains of the metal rings were much larger than those of the metal cylinder.
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Shan, Chun, Long Huang, Chang Zhen Hu, Xiao Lin Zhao und Jin Sheng Ma. „Software Structural Stability Evaluation Method Based on Motifs“. Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (Juli 2014): 2128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.2128.
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The issue on finding an effective evaluation method on software structural stability is rarely touched upon in software security research. An assessment method of software microstructural stability was developed by Khalil in 2002. A new evaluation method on software structural stability is proposed in this paper, which is based on Motifs according to the theory of complex networks. Average shortest path length comparison and clustering coefficient with degree distribution are used in the method, in which the key evaluation indexes are used to analyze software structural stability. The comparison experiments have been done between the proposed method and Khalil’s method. 10 real software systems of different sizes and types are selected in the experiments to verify the proposed evaluation method. The result shows that the proposed method is correct and effective.
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Jafarova, Kh H., E. F. Vahabov, F. Sh Taghiyeva und V. Ch Jalilov. „Epidemiological features of the seventh pandemic of cholera at stage IV and monitoring thereof“. NATURE AND SCIENCE 03, Nr. 04 (27.10.2020): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/04/74-77.
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The topical issues of cholera touched upon in the modern period indicate the significance of the problem at the global level. The continuing trend of an increase in morbidity, the importation of cholera leading to large outbreaks and epidemics, the presence of endemic foci on three continents of the world, the spread of genome-altered variants of El Tor cholera vibrios with epidemic and pandemic potential indicate a generally unfavorable prognosis for cholera at the global level. This dictates the need to implement a set of measures in the system of epidemiological surveillance of cholera and to ensure the readiness of the Ministry of Health institutions to carry out those regulated by international health regulations. Key words: cholera, pandemic, endemic territories, factors of distribution, Vibrio cholerae, 0139 (Bengal), prognosis
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López-Coronado, J., J. L. Pedreño-Molina, A. Guerrero-González und P. Gorce. „A neural model for visual-tactile-motor integration in robotic reaching and grasping tasks“. Robotica 20, Nr. 1 (Januar 2002): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574701003642.
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This paper presents a neural model to solve the visual-tactile-motor coordination problem in robotic applications. The proposed neural controller is based on the VAMC (Vector Associative Map) model. This algorithm is based on the human biological system and has the ability of learning the mapping that establishes the relationship between the spatial and the motor coordinates. These spatial inputs are composed of visual and force parameters. The LINCE stereohead carries out a visual detection process, detecting the positions of the object and of the manipulator. The artificial tactile skins placed over the two fingers of the gripper measure the force distribution when an object is touched. The neural controller has been implemented for robotic operations of reaching and object grasping. The reaching process is fed back in order to minimize the Difference Vector (DV) between the visual projections of the object and the manipulator. The stable grasping task processes the force distribution maps detected in the contact with the two surfaces of the gripper, in order to direct the object into the robotic fingers. Experimental results have demonstrated the robustness of the model and the accuracy of the final pick-and-place process.
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Kovář, Petr, Petr Praus, Miroslav Pospísil und Richard Dvorský. „Molecular modelling of zinc sulphide nanoparticles stabilized by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide“. Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 79, Nr. 12 (2014): 1545–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc131115050k.
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ZnS nanoparticles stabilized by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were modelled in the Materials Studio environment. Four types of models with different distances between ZnS nanoparticles and different amounts of CTA cations without water and in water environment were built and characterized by calculated sublimation energies. The results of molecular modelling without water showed that the most favourable model consisted of two ZnS nanoparticles with a distance of 8-9 nm separated without immersing of CTAs. On the contrary, the most favourable model in water environment was composed of ZnS nanoparticles that nearly touched each other. CTA cations exhibited tendency to be located on the ZnS surface forming sparse covers. Size distributions of ZnS-CTA particles obtained by TEM measurements well agreed with molecular modelling results.
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Bayless, Stephanie, und Gwen Granados. „Fishermen and Farmerettes“. California History 97, Nr. 3 (01.08.2020): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2020.97.3.200.
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Federal documents held at National Archives locations across the country can be a surprising source of state and local history. This article highlights U.S. Food Administration records in the holdings of the National Archives at Riverside (Perris, California) and the National Archives at San Francisco (San Bruno, California). Established with the passage of the Food and Fuel Control Act of August 10, 1917, the U.S. Food Administration was responsible for ensuring the stable production, distribution, and conservation of food during the war. To this end, the primarily volunteer agency worked with nonfederal groups and organizations to support the war effort and touched many aspects of Californian life. Using these documents, we explore the Food Administration's impact on the state's fishing industry and related immigrant community before moving on to the role of the farmerette and her military-style units in sustaining American food production.
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Seaman, Rob, Roy Williams, Matthew Graham und Tara Murphy. „Using the VO to Study the Time Domain“. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S285 (September 2011): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921312000634.
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AbstractJust as the astronomical “Time Domain” is a catch-phrase for a diverse group of different science objectives involving time-varying phenomena in all astrophysical régimes from the solar system to cosmological scales, so the “Virtual Observatory” is a complex set of community-wide activities from archives to astroinformatics. This workshop touched on some aspects of adapting and developing those semantic and network technologies in order to address transient and time-domain research challenges. It discussed the VOEvent format for representing alerts and reports on celestial transient events, the SkyAlert and ATELstream facilities for distributing these alerts, and the IVOA time-series protocol and time-series tools provided by the VAO. Those tools and infrastructure are available today to address the real-world needs of astronomers.
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Oleynikova, Elena. „State Concept of Social Management and Its Implementation in the Second Half of the 19th – Early 20th Century (On the Materials of Saratov Province)“. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, Nr. 1 (Februar 2020): 208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.1.17.
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Introduction. The paper deals with the conception of state social management in Russia after the reform of the system of local self-government in the second half of the 19th century and the practical activities of charitable organizations at the provincial and district levels. Methods. The research is based on the social legislation of the period under study, the works of Russian social policy researchers of the 19th – early 20th centuries, materials of statistical collections, periodicals. Analysis. The concept of charity and philanthropy, being developed during the period under study, involved the transformation of public-private philanthropy into public charity. Its main actors are the provincial and city authorities, which solve social problems in conjunction with private charitable institutions and are responsible for the state of social problems. The state reserved coordination and control functions. Within the framework of this concept, specific guidelines for charitable work were developed, including: its distribution to all demographic and social groups in need, a wide range of types of social assistance, and even distribution of charitable institutions throughout the country. However, in practice, innovation touched mainly metropolitan and provincial cities. Territorial and city medical, educational, social and rehabilitation institutions that had emerged in provinces, expanded the possibilities of providing assistance to the most vulnerable segments of the population. However, their distribution was still not even, rural settlements lost significantly. In uyezds, charities were few and could not help all socially disadvantaged groups of society. Results. The article shows that in the period under study, the concept of public philanthropy was not fully implemented.
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Collett, Raymond Lesley, Mariette Marais, Mieke Daneel, Milad Rashidifard und Hendrika Fourie. „Meloidogyne enterolobii, a threat to crop production with particular reference to sub-Saharan Africa: an extensive, critical and updated review“. Nematology 23, Nr. 3 (10.02.2021): 247–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10076.
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Summary Crop damage inflicted by Meloidogyne enterolobii justifies an updated literature review focusing on recent discoveries about its identification, biology and management. Since its description in 1983, M. enterolobii has become a pest of great concern, particularly due to its virulence, which renders controlling this nematode pest a challenge. The global distribution of M. enteroblii is summarised, with emphasis placed on limited research done for the species in sub-Saharan Africa where food production and security is threatened by root-knot nematode parasitism. Novel advances in methods used to detect M. enterolobii are touched upon, especially the improvement in advanced molecular techniques that complements shortcomings in morphology and morphometic approaches. Despite these exciting developments, the employment of effective management strategies to combat the species remains problematic. Future research on various aspects of M. enterolobii is crucial, with focus to be placed on the use of available resources to contain damage caused by this species.
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Zulfiqar, Fahd. „Hafeez A Pasha. Growth and Inequality in Pakistan, Volume-I. Islamabad, Pakistan: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung. 2018. v+218 pages.“ Pakistan Development Review 58, Nr. 2 (01.06.2019): 223–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v58i2pp.223-224.
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The book, Growth and Inequality in Pakistan, is written on a very important theme. In this book, important economic issues of Pakistan economy are touched upon carefully, using recent facts and figures, and far-reaching practical associations are also made a part of this book. The book proceeds in a logical manner and the topics covered in the book capture the deep attention of the reader. The book is divided into seven sections and each section is further divided into chapters related to the issues of concern. As the rising population is an important concern for any economy, therefore, before policy options, the initial discussion in this book focuses on the issues concerning the population of Pakistan. As the population census has been carried out after a gap of nineteen years, it becomes inevitable to start addressing issues related to population, its growth, and international comparisons. Section one presents a good review of the population of Pakistan, which has reached 207.8 million. 1 The discussion is followed by focusing on the distribution of population and its growth. The growth rate for the period 1998-2017 revealed by the census is 2.4 percent, which, according to the author, is worrisome. The size and growth of cities is also a concern, which shows that the fastest growing cities in Pakistan are Lahore and Islamabad. Overall, in Pakistan urbanisation is taking place at a moderate rate but imbalances are observed in the size distribution of the cities.
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Editorial, Article. „On the Ways of Development of Railway Business (1910)“. World of Transport and Transportation 18, Nr. 3 (26.12.2020): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2020-18-225-241.
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110 years ago, the professional railway community conducted sharp discussion on the ratio of commercial and state interests in domestic railway activity. There were attempts to use that criterion to classify the existed railways by directions and main business purposes. The discussion also referred to the aspects of monopolism and competition, strict government control over the costs of rail construction, distribution of dividends or their investment in future development, fair tariffs. The problem of, in modern terms, connectivity of territory touched upon the choice between enhancing transit capacity of main railroads and constructing of new less important railways in the regions where they have not been built yet. Quite particular topic referred to the need to pay more attention to training of economic skills of employees as to condition of successful commercial activity of railways. It concerned training of technical employees in railway vocational schools, and of the future executives in higher schools, provided that «in the nurseries of railway engineers who provide a contingent of heads of railways, students are given complete economic preparation for their future activities».
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Proctor, Heather C., Robert L. Baker und Darryl T. Gwynne. „Mating behaviour and spermatophore morphology: a comparative test of the female-choice hypothesis“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, Nr. 11 (01.11.1995): 2010–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-237.
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Complex, species-specific morphology of genitalia or "paragenitalia" such as spermatophores is traditionally considered an adaptation to prevent heterospecific matings. Eberhard argued against this lock-and-key hypothesis and suggested that elaborate male genitalia evolve through female preference for increased tactile stimulation. He found support for this argument in a cross-taxon comparison of spermatophore complexity among species with different degrees of contact between the sexes during spermatophore transfer. After expanding Eberhard's list of species, we tested the female-choice hypothesis with appropriate controls for phylogeny and using naive human subjects to rank spermatophore complexity. Our results uphold Eberhard's conclusion that the lock-and-key hypothesis does not explain the distribution of spermatophore complexity among taxa; however, they do not clearly support female choice as an alternative explanation. Other factors that may influence spermatophore complexity include environmental stress and whether spermatophores are deposited on a substrate. Because we seldom know what parts of a spermatophore are touched by females, or whether there are spermatophore-associated pheromones, human visual assessment may not always allow accurate judgement of realized spermatophore complexity.
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Spillane, Katie. „BEING THE CHANGE: SOCIAL JUSTICE IN EXTERNSHIP PROGRAM EVALUATION“. Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 33, Nr. 2 (06.03.2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v33i2.4843.
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Around the globe, clinical legal education [CLE] narratives resonate with a desire to promote social justice and the vindication of human rights. Yet scholarship exploring CLE’s accomplishment of these aims is scant and generally focuses only on student outcomes. This literature appears to be based not on theory and results, but hope: the hope that changed students will change the world. To invest on hope alone is unwise, particularly when all stakeholders face financially precarious times. In this context, this article argues that the existing focus on student outcomes is disproportionate and unhelpful. The existing narrow focus on student outcomes marginalizes other stakeholders and creates significant blind spots in program evaluation. This article proposes a broader analysis that would ask what value systems and power distribution CLE programs themselves create or reinforce, focusing on both the immediate impact of CLE programming and reinforcing the values human rights education seeks to inculcate by incorporating these into the structure of CLE programs themselves. Aux quatre coins du monde, le discours sur l’enseignement juridique clinique est empreint d’une soif de promouvoir la justice sociale et de défendre les droits de la personne. Pourtant, les travaux des universitaires portant sur l’atteinte de ces objectifs sont rares et se concentrent généralement sur les résultats touchant les étudiants. Ces écrits semblent fondés non pas sur des théories et des résultats mais sur l’espoir : l’espoir que des étudiants transformés transformeront le monde. Miser sur l’espoir seul est une erreur, surtout quand tous les intervenants sont aux prises avec la précarité financière. Dans ce contexte, l’auteure de cet article soutient que les efforts actuels ciblés sur les résultats touchant les étudiants sont disproportionnés et inutiles. Ce ciblage étroit marginalise les autres intervenants et crée de gros angles morts dans l’évaluation des programmes. Dans son article, l’auteure propose une analyse élargie qui pose la question de savoir quels systèmes de valeurs et quelle répartition des pouvoirs les programmes d’enseignement juridique clinique créent ou renforcent, l’accent étant mis sur les répercussions immédiates de ces programmes et sur le renforcement des valeurs que l’éducation aux droits de la personne humaine semble inculquer par l’intégration de ces valeurs dans la structure même des programmes en question.
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Holmes, Mary, und Jordan McKenzie. „Relational happiness through recognition and redistribution: Emotion and inequality“. European Journal of Social Theory 22, Nr. 4 (25.09.2018): 439–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368431018799257.
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This article develops a model of relational happiness that challenges popular individualized definitions and emphasizes how it can enhance the sociological analysis of inequality. Many studies of happiness suggest that social inequalities are closely associated with distributions of happiness at the national level, but happiness research continues to favour individual-level analyses. Limited attention has been given to the intersubjective aspects of happiness and the correlations between it and higher social equality. Conversely, key theoretical debates about inequalities, such as Axel Honneth and Nancy Fraser’s exchanges, have only indirectly touched on happiness. A relational approach to happiness is not new, but what this article offers is a new combination of a relational understanding of happiness as an intersubjectively, culturally experienced complex of emotions with discussions about recognition of marginalized groups and redistribution of material resources. This combined approach can further debates about understanding and remedying social inequalities. It argues that theories and measurements of happiness must consider how it can be achieved collectively through working at mutual respect as well as greater material equality.
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Thomas, Patricia. „The Other Side of History: Underground Literature and the 1951 Waterfront Dispute“. Back Story Journal of New Zealand Art, Media & Design History, Nr. 3 (01.12.2017): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/backstory.vi3.27.
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In February 1951, industrial discord between New Zealand watersiders and British ship-owners led to a dispute that was seen by each as a lockout and a strike respectively. Throughout the duration of the dispute, the Trades Union Congress and Wellington Waterside Workers’ Union Action Committee produced and distributed substantial amounts of printed material to stiffen the struggle among its members, vilify strike-breakers and the National Government – whose ultimate aim it was to crush the Union –and to ridicule the police – who were the instruments ofenforcement against the newly-minted Waterfront StrikeEmergency Regulations. In defiance of Regulation 4(d),which banned the production and distribution of ‘seditious’literature, a steady stream of illegal leaflets, pamphlets,lino-cut illustrations and cartoons emerged from theGestetners and small presses in the homes of membersand supporters of the watersiders. While printed materialis touched upon in the documented examination of thedispute as a political and industrial struggle, it is never thefocus of discussion. This article examines the multi-modalrhetoric of the underground literature to form a pictureof one side of the story of what was, arguably, the mostdisruptive and divisive 151 days in the history of the NewZealand labour movement.
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Cīrule, Dace, Ilzīte Lavnikoviča, Anda Alksne und Jurijs Hrols. „CONTENT OF EXTRACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE PINE WOOD UNDER VARIOUS GROWTH CONDITIONS“. Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (20.06.2001): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2001vol1.1925.
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Studies of the chemical composition of Pinus sylvestris L. were performed. The studies embraced all the largest pine populations and the most spread forest types in Latvia. Samples for chemical analyses were taken in 4 stem heights, separately from sapwood and core. The obtained results indicate that the content of cellulose and lignin for trees from different regions and forest types in one stem localization differs moderately. The essential distinctions from the point of view of the chemical composition of pine wood suggests only the extractives content in wood. Common tendencies are observed for the distribution of extractives (EBE) throughout the stem for trees both different regions and forest types. In all stem heights EBE are more in core than in sapwood. To assess the effect of growth conditions on EBE content the results obtained for the same localization in the stem were compared. In all forest types and regions the EBE content in wood is higher as compared with the wood from less ecologically touched regions. In addition the substances extractable with hot water (WE) were determined. It is characteristic that both EBE and WE are less in pine trees grown in drained areas.
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Buhari, A. Taufiq. „Pengaruh Wakaf dalam Kehidupan Ekonomi“. Syaikhuna: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pranata Islam 10, Nr. 2 (29.10.2019): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/syaikhuna.v10i2.3728.
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Waqf has taken root and become a tradition of Muslims in various countries. Waqf is one of the main pillars of the development of Islamic society, because most of the houses of worship, Islamic schools and other Islamic religious institutions are built on waqf land. Waqf institutions which are sources of assets can provide benefits for all time. However, the productive collection, management and utilization of waqf assets in Indonesia is still small and lagging behind other countries. Likewise, the study of trust in Indonesia is still focused on the legal aspects of fiqh, and has not touched on the management of trust. Though waqf should be managed productively and produce results to the community, so that waqf property really becomes a source of funds from the community and contributes to the community. The waqf distribution model in Indonesia is still in the form of the construction of mosques, prayer rooms, schools, and other consumptive matters. The process can be developed to achieve better results, especially in the interests of improving the welfare of the Islamic Ummah. This consumptive orientation of waqf must move on to productive waqf which is widely developed in Islamic countries today.
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Said, Sayuthi Atman, und Finsa Adhi Pratama. „METODE DAKWAH PADA KOMUNITAS MARJINAL“. Al-Mishbah: Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah dan Komunikasi 16, Nr. 2 (22.09.2020): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/al-mishbah.vol16.iss2.199.
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Globalization flow getting stronger forces each individual to adjust to social life, especially in urban areas. In general, urban communities have begun to classify themselves into communities, both cultural and structural, both small and large communities. One of the communities that was born was a marginal community. This community has a very unique character and orientation and is rarely touched by preaching. Starting from here, this research aims to formulate Islamic preaching method that is suitable for the marginalized communities in Indonesian society. The research method used is qualitative research. In fact, qualitative research does not have a standard measure, the framework that is built can still be reconstructed and adapted to the objective conditions in the field. The approach used is phenomenology. This approach allows researchers to describe experiences as best as possible, understand and apply fairly to phenomena as they appear and are felt by experiences. The conclusion of this research is that the Islamic preaching method that is considered suitable for marginalized communities is da'wah bil hal, study centers, open houses, mentoring and advocacy, economic empowerment, educational scholarships, distribution of Zakat Infaq Sodaqoh (ZIS), library parks, health packages, compensation social and educational skills work.
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Geffen, Gina M., Margaret J. Wright, Heather J. Green, Nicole A. Gillespie, David C. Smyth, David M. Evans und Laurence B. Geffen. „Effects of Memory Load and Distraction on Performance and Event-Related Slow Potentials in a Visuospatial Working Memory Task“. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 9, Nr. 6 (November 1997): 743–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1997.9.6.743.
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Brain electrical activity related to working memory was recorded at 15 scalp electrodes during a visuospatial delayed response task. Participants (N = 18) touched the remembered position of a target on a computer screen after either a 1 or 8 sec delay. These memory trials were compared to sensory trials in which the target remained present throughout the delay and response periods. Distractor stimuli identical to the target were briefly presented during the delay on 30% of trials. Responses were less accurate in memory than sensory trials, especially after the long delay. During the delay slow potentials developed that were significantly more negative in memory than sensory trials. The difference between memory and sensory trials was greater at anterior than posterior electrodes. On trials with distractors, the slow potentials generated by memory trials showed further enhancement of negativity, whereas there were minimal effects on accuracy of performance. The results provide evidence that engagement of visuospatial working memory generates slow wave negativity with a timing and distribution consistent with frontal activation. Enhanced brain activity associated with working memory is required to maintain performance in the presence of distraction.
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Meyer, Dietmar. „Human Capital and EU-Enlargement“. Competitio 3, Nr. 1 (27.08.2020): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21845/comp/2004/1/5.
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The enlargement of the European Union is an almost everywhere accepted necessity, but at the same time of course also a compromise. Economies or regions of different economic, social, institutional, etc. development become united in Europe with a territory from the Atlantic to the Eastern borders of Poland, Slovakia and Hungary, from the Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. This integration process going along with the worldwide globalisation will imply a new distribution, or a redistribution of the factors of production. First of all the human capital will be touched by this development.2 One of the most important results found by social sciences in the 20th century is the realisation of the immense role played by human factors in the process of economic development. The extremely high efficiency of human capital and the high mobility could diminish the regional differences in the economic development and therefore in the social life. But even this is one reason for the mentioned re-allocation of the human capital. In the frame of a very simple static model (See e. g. Bishi – Kopel [2002]) the flow of human capital between different regions – called the European Union and the New Member States – will be analysed. The introduction of search costs extends the field of policy-analysis.
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Pazov, I. S. „LAND USE OF THE NALCHIK DISTRICT IN THE EARLY 20th CENTURY“. Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 30, Nr. 1 (21.03.2020): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2020-30-1-146-152.
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This article discusses the relevance of the problems of formation of land relations and land use in the Nalchik district at the beginning of the 20th century. Issues related to the distribution of land plots and their use in the land structure of the region are touched upon. The article analyzes all the land plots of Nalchik, and provides their differentiation by the quality of each of the lands. The author also reveals the importance and role of the factor of pasture economy in the context of land relations. The conclusion is made that the penetration of commercial capital in the period under review played a decisive role in changing land use, radically changing socio-economic relations in the village. In turn, the penetration of capital caused serious problems in the sphere of private land ownership, the reason for this was the inability of the privileged classes to switch to new market relations. Having received the land “on the basis of private property”, many of them found it difficult to effectively organize the landlord economy using hired labor, agricultural machinery, which led to leasing of landowners to wealthy peasants, as a result, most of the land in the district was distributed between large landowners and wealthy peasants.
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Hastriana, Umniyatis Sholiha. „Penyelenggaraan Program Unggulan Teknologi Informasi di MAN 1 Malang“. Idarah (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kependidikan) 2, Nr. 2 (10.12.2018): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47766/idarah.v2i2.276.
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Mastery of computer technology is the demands of globalization whose distribution has touched all lines including education. the reason for implementing this program is (1) many graduates do not continue their education to the next level; (2) students to get practical skills, and technical skills in the field of computers that are ready to use; (3) the need for a computer certification; and (4) the demands of the industrial world and the business world. The study used a qualitative method of phenomenology approach. The data analysis technique used is observation and interview. The results of the study showed that the mechanism for implementing the program are (1) subjects fulfilled not interfere with other subjects learning material for one year in a diploma program, will be included in three years of learning at Aliyah; (2) the time of the diploma program along with other regular learning at Aliyah is for 2.5 years - having a certificate of expertise -; (3) the implementation of an internship scheduled for a long one-week vacation with placement determined by the Madrasah; (4) special teaching staff for this diploma program from FKK SDI ITS and the rest from MAN Malang 1 teacher who has passed certification from ITS.
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Yamamoto, Kentaro, Yoshifumi Nishida, Ken Sasaki, Dairoku Muramatsu und Fukuro Koshiji. „Electromagnetic Field Analysis of Signal Transmission Path and Electrode Contact Conditions in Human Body Communication“. Applied Sciences 8, Nr. 9 (03.09.2018): 1539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091539.
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Human body communication (HBC) is a wireless communication method that uses the human body as part of the transmission medium. Electrodes are used instead of antennas, and the signal is transmitted by the electric current through the human body and by the capacitive coupling outside the human body. In this study, direction of electric field lines and direction of electric current through the human body were analyzed by the finite-difference time-domain method to clarify the signal path, which is not readily apparent from electric field strength distribution. Signal transmission from a transmitter on the subject’s wrist to an off-body receiver touched by the subject was analyzed for two types of transmitter electrode settings. When both the signal and ground electrodes were put in contact with the human body, the major return path consisted of capacitive coupling between the receiver ground and the human body, and the electric current through the human body that flowed back to the ground electrode of the transmitter. When the ground electrode was floating, the only return path was through the capacitive coupling of the floating ground. These results contribute to the better understanding of signal transmission mechanism of HBC and will be useful for developing HBC applications.
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Phillips, Emir. „Lincoln’s well-considered political economy (the ‘American System’) trumped the Free Trade British System“. Cambridge Journal of Economics 43, Nr. 6 (10.04.2019): 1439–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/bez008.
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Abstract The Whigs could legitimately emphasise what Hamilton’s Report had not touched upon: urban labourers made unemployed by import competition could not shift to ‘collateral employments’ with the presumptive ease asserted by Free Trader Democrats. More than anything, it was the structural cyclical instability (Minsky moments) that engendered a new party (Republican) to exert political pressures for government involvement in the management of the economy (mercantilism). Economic beliefs played the most fundamental role in Lincoln’s career, and his mercantilist views, in conformity with Hamilton, Clay and the economist Carey, were key determinants in effectuating the Industrial Revolution within the United States through tariffs, government-supported macro-projects and structurally stimulating aggregate demand through a national currency. Permeating Lincoln's political economy was a fierce non-neutral view of money wherein banks created the funds to ignite the American System. Henry Clay, Henry Carey and Abraham Lincoln were seeking to supplant the Ricardo–Malthus long-term model of economic growth (emphasising distribution within a relatively stagnant economy) with one of expanding productive powers and rising wage levels. These interventionist issues are still quite relevant since US economics students are taught modernised versions of the doctrines of Ricardo and Malthus which were controverted more than a century ago by the American School, and more specifically by Abraham Lincoln.
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Seitov, Abay Meiramovich. „The belt buckles of the early Sarmatian period of Turgay“. Samara Journal of Science 9, Nr. 1 (28.02.2020): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202091203.
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The paper is devoted to belt buckles of the early Sarmatian period of the Turgay steppes. Turgay deflection is a vast territory located in the north-western part of Kazakhstan. In the north, Turgay deflection turns into the west Siberian lowland, and in the south it turns into the Turan lowland. In the west, the bend touches the Trans-Ural plateau, while in the east - the Kazakh hills. Three buckles originating from burial № 5A of mound 1 of the Karatomar burial ground and mound 1 of the Kenysh 3 mound group are analyzed. The paper deals with the cultural and chronological position of Turgay belt buckles in the context of the distribution of such products of the belt headset on the territory of Eurasia. The problem of the origin and chronology of these items is also touched upon. Buckles similar to the Karatomar one have so far been found only on the territory from Central Asia and Kazakhstan to the Lower Volga region. Kenysh buckle finds an analogy from the Volga-Don interfluves to the north of China. In General, types of buckles, similar to Turgay, existed in the II-I centuries BC. The studied buckles should be considered in the context of the general fashion for wearing a belt headset made of metal, bone and stone, associated with the military activity of the Huns.
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Rahardjo, Noorhadi, Ika Noor Muslihah M und Candra Sari Djati Kartika. „Specifications of Cartographic Symbols for Indonesian Tactile Map“. Indonesian Journal of Geography 51, Nr. 1 (30.04.2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.41960.
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Visual impairment people require a means of information transfer which different from normal people, it needs to be touched or amplified by audio, including maps that apprise them of the objects and events occurring on Earth. Cartographic Sciences have developed tactile maps that offers touchable symbols for supporting blind and partially sighted people in recognizing the spatial distribution of geographical phenomena and their intercorrelation. Creating an informative tactile maps need a specific design of symbol, ancillary information, and map reproduction that meets the need and the capacity of its users. Unfortunately, there has been no international standardization for these map features that could be used as a foundation to build a standardization for our national tactile map. Therefore, this research adopted and modified the designs of tactile symbols published by the National Mapping Council of Australia, the Guidelines for Design of Tactile Graphics by American Printing House, the use of tactile variables by Vasconcellos, the Specifications of Topographic Elements Mapping by Bakosurtanal, and the application of visual variables of Bertin for cartographic mapping. The resultant symbol designs from the modification were applied to develop the tactile maps of Yogyakarta City on swell paper. Then, through interviews with map users (visually impaired people in the city), we evaluated these symbols from two aspects, comprehension of tactile variables and the types of the tactile maps required.
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Pan, Cong, Kaiyuan Zhang und Shuangquan Zhang. „Multipole expansion of densities in the deformed relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov theory in continuum“. International Journal of Modern Physics E 28, Nr. 09 (September 2019): 1950082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301319500824.
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The deformed relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc) has been proved as one of the best models to probe the exotic structures in deformed nuclei. In DRHBc, the potentials and densities are expressed in terms of the multipole expansion with Legendre polynomials, the dependence on which has only been touched for light nuclei so far. In this paper, taking a light nucleus [Formula: see text]Ne and a heavy nucleus [Formula: see text]U as examples, we investigated the dependence on the multipole expansion of the potentials and densities in DRHBc. It is shown that the total energy converges well with the expansion truncation both in the absence of and presence of the pairing correlation, either in the ground state or at a constrained quadrupole deformation. It is found that to reach the same accuracy of the total energy, even to the same relative accuracy by percent, a larger truncation is required by a heavy nucleus than a light one. The dependence of the total energy on the truncation increases with deformation. By decompositions of the neutron density distribution, it is shown that a higher-order component has a smaller contribution. With the increase of deformation, the high-order components get larger, while at the same deformation, the high-order components of a heavy nucleus play a more important role than that of a light one.
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Soetiman AP, Enang Narlan. „Peranan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Bumdesa) Dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Para Petani di Desa Gudangkahuripan Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat“. SOSIOHUMANITAS 21, Nr. 2 (09.01.2020): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36555/sosiohumanitas.v21i2.1247.
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The research method used is a quantitative method. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires to 389 restaurant visitors. Data analysis techniques using Conjoint Analysis. This study uses qualitative methods, which have natural characteristics as a direct, descriptive data source, the process is more important than the results, analysis in qualitative research tends to be done in inductive analysis and meaning is essential. Data collection in this study are interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the data analysis are in the form of exposure relating to the situation being studied and presented in the form of narrative descriptions. The results of the research in the field show that BUMDesa in Gudangkahuripan Village, Kec. Lembang Kab. West Bandung shows quite encouraging developments, especially in the PAM, Trade, Tourism, Parking, Animal Husbandry and Copy Photo sectors (although management is not fully managed by BUMDesa). But in the agricultural sector it can be said that it has not been touched at all. With the establishment of BUMDesa, the level of economic growth in the community feels better, but unfortunately the economic growth has not been evenly felt by most farmers, especially in terms of minimal capital and insights into traditional gardening techniques.
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Julina, Julina, Dwi Kartini, Popy Rufaidah und Martha Fani Cahyandito. „Green Purchase Behavior: The Role of Religiosity, Environmental Attitude, and Environmental Knowledge“. GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review 2, Nr. 3 (21.07.2017): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2017.2.3(12).
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Objective - This study attempts to determine the effect of religiosity, environmental attitudes, and environmental knowledge towards green purchase behavior. Methodology/Technique - Data were collected by distributing questionnaire to 14 shopping centers in Pekanbaru City during April - September 2016. Pekanbaru city is one of the provincial capital in Indonesia which experienced many environmental problems. A total of 421 eligible respondents participated in this study. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings – The results found that the effect of religiosity, environmental knowledge, and attitude toward green purchase behavior are significant. These three variables explain the green purchase behavior at 67.6%. Besides it also found that religiosity and environmental knowledge have the positive and meaningful impact on environmental attitudes. Therefore, it can be concluded that these two variables affect the green purchase behavior through environmental attitudes. Novelty - The model built in this study tried to integrate the spiritual aspect that has not been touched by previous researchers. The results of this study open up opportunities for further research to further improve both aspects of modeling in combination with other variables as well as the use of statistical analysis Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Religiosity; Environmental Attitude; Environmental Knowledge; Green Purchase Behavior. JEL Classification: I21, Q56, Q57.
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Variny, Miroslav, Augustín Varga, Miroslav Rimár, Ján Janošovský, Ján Kizek, Ladislav Lukáč, Gustáv Jablonský und Otto Mierka. „Advances in Biomass Co-Combustion with Fossil Fuels in the European Context: A Review“. Processes 9, Nr. 1 (05.01.2021): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9010100.
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Co-combustion of biomass-based fuels and fossil fuels in power plant boilers, utility boilers, and process furnaces is a widely acknowledged means of efficient heat and power production, offering higher power production than comparable systems with sole biomass combustion. This, in combination with CO2 and other greenhouse gases abatement and low specific cost of system retrofit to co-combustion, counts among the tangible advantages of co-combustion application. Technical and operational issues regarding the accelerated fouling, slagging, and corrosion risk, as well as optimal combustion air distribution impact on produced greenhouse gases emissions and ash properties, belong to intensely researched topics nowadays in parallel with the combustion aggregates design optimization, the advanced feed pretreatment techniques, and the co-combustion life cycle assessment. This review addresses the said topics in a systematic manner, starting with feed availability, its pretreatment, fuel properties and combustor types, followed by operational issues, greenhouse gases, and other harmful emissions trends, as well as ash properties and utilization. The body of relevant literature sources is table-wise classified according to numerous criteria pertaining to individual paper sections, providing a concise and complex insight into the research methods, analyzed systems, and obtained results. Recent advances achieved in individual studies and the discovered synergies between co-combusted fuels types and their shares in blended fuel are summed up and discussed. Actual research challenges and prospects are briefly touched on as well.
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Shashivadhanan, Sundaravadhanan. „Transparent Tubular Retractor in Cranial Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis“. Indian Journal of Neurosurgery 09, Nr. 01 (09.12.2019): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698844.
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Abstract Introduction The fourth Industrial Revolution has touched nearly all aspects of neurosurgery and the newer tubular retractor systems are a testimony to this fact. They aid in providing better visualization with minimal damage to those neural structures, which happen to be innocent bystanders overlying the path of deep-seated lesions. In addition to providing better patient outcomes they are surgeon friendly with their ergonomic design and improved stability, thereby causing minimal fatigue, and aid in procedures requiring precision and perseverance. A retrospective study conducted at a single institute analyzed the efficacy of transparent tubular retractors during cranial surgery for deep-seated lesions. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was conducted between April 2015 and July 2018 in a single institute wherein 22 patents with various deep-seated intracranial lesions were operated using the transparent tubular retractor, View Site Brain Access System (VBAS, Vycor Medical Inc.). Observation Of the 22 cases, 45% were of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage; 27% were high-grade gliomas; and the rest were colloid cyst, cystic tumors, and metastatic tumors in equal proportion. Total tumor excision was achieved in 27%, while 90% excision was achieved in 45% cases. The overall complication rate was 13%. Conclusion The transparent tubular retractors contribute to minimal invasiveness by causing uniform distribution of retraction pressure and minimal disruption of fiber tracts. Their use has a definite role in improving surgical outcomes for deep-seated intracranial lesions.
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Nasir, Amin. „PASAR, WADAH STRATEGIS ZAKAT DAN AMAL SOSIAL“. ZISWAF : Jurnal Zakat dan Wakaf 4, Nr. 2 (18.02.2018): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/ziswaf.v4i2.3046.
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Zakah is one of the characteristics of the Islamic economic system, because zakah is one of the implementation of the principle of justice in the Islamic economic system. Trade is one form of legal business. The predominantly Muslim village of Mejobo has considerable potential associated with zakat, where the mejobo village has a prominent market commodity in the south of the southern part of the potential Brayung market in which a total of approximately 1000 traders in the Mejobo Village market. Materially the traders gain prosperity through two things: capital turnover and reasonable trade margin. However, in reality the merchants are distributing their zakah directly to mustahiq without going through zakah institution in the form of money every close to Eid al-Fitr. In addition, they also channel their zakah to a person who is not assigned as an amilin or zakah officer but to a person who is trusted to distribute. It is unfortunate if this large potential is not touched optimally by the zakah amil institutions in both the private and government. So it can be ascertained that the prospect of Brayung Desa Mejobo market must be developed maximally so that in addition to the obligation of Muslims to pay zakah, it also affects the social good and reduces the burden of the government.
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KAO, CHEN-HUNG, und MIAO-HUI ZENG. „An investigation of the power for separating closely linked QTL in experimental populations“. Genetics Research 92, Nr. 4 (August 2010): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672310000273.
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SummaryHu & Xu (2008) developed a statistical method for computing the statistical power for detecting a quantitative trait locus (QTL) located in a marker interval. Their method is based on the regression interval mapping method and allows experimenters to effectively investigate the power for detecting a QTL in a population. This paper continues to work on the power analysis of separating multiple-linked QTLs. We propose simple formulae to calculate the power of separating closely linked QTLs located in marker intervals. The proposed formulae are simple functions of information numbers, variance inflation factors and genetic parameters of a statistical model in a population. Both regression and maximum likelihood interval mappings suitable for detecting QTL in the marker intervals are considered. In addition, the issue of separating linked QTLs in the progeny populations from an F2 subject to further self and/or random mating is also touched upon. One of the primary keys to our approach is to derive the genotypic distributions of three and four loci for evaluating the correlation structures between pairwise unobservable QTLs in the model across populations. The proposed formulae allow us to predict the power of separation when several factors, such as sample sizes, sizes and directions of QTL effects, distances between QTLs, interval sizes and relative QTL positions in the intervals, are considered together at a time in different experimental populations. Numerical justifications and Monte Carlo simulations were provided for confirmation and illustration.
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Kellner, Olivia, und Dev Niyogi. „Land Surface Heterogeneity Signature in Tornado Climatology? An Illustrative Analysis over Indiana, 1950–2012*“. Earth Interactions 18, Nr. 10 (01.05.2014): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2013ei000548.1.
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Abstract Land surface heterogeneity affects mesoscale interactions, including the evolution of severe convection. However, its contribution to tornadogenesis is not well known. Indiana is selected as an example to present an assessment of documented tornadoes and land surface heterogeneity to better understand the spatial distribution of tornadoes. This assessment is developed using a GIS framework taking data from 1950 to 2012 and investigates the following topics: temporal analysis, effect of ENSO, antecedent rainfall linkages, population density, land use/land cover, and topography, placing them in the context of land surface heterogeneity. Spatial analysis of tornado touchdown locations reveals several spatial relationships with regard to cities, population density, land-use classification, and topography. A total of 61% of F0–F5 tornadoes and 43% of F0–F5 tornadoes in Indiana have touched down within 1 km of urban land use and land area classified as forest, respectively, suggesting the possible role of land-use surface roughness on tornado occurrences. The correlation of tornado touchdown points to population density suggests a moderate to strong relationship. A temporal analysis of tornado days shows favored time of day, months, seasons, and active tornado years. Tornado days for 1950–2012 are compared to antecedent rainfall and ENSO phases, which both show no discernible relationship with the average number of annual tornado days. Analysis of tornado touchdowns and topography does not indicate any strong relationship between tornado touchdowns and elevation. Results suggest a possible signature of land surface heterogeneity—particularly that around urban and forested land cover—in tornado climatology.
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Blackwood, B. Gordon. „Lancashire Catholics, Protestants and Jacobites During the 1715 Rebellion“. Recusant History 22, Nr. 1 (Mai 1994): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200001758.
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Historians are generally agreed that Lancashire was the most Catholic and the most Jacobite county in England at the time of the 1715 rebellion. Indeed, final confirmation of this connection would seem to have been established by Professor Paul Kléber Monod. In his book,Jacobitism and the English People 1688–1788,Monod has stated that ‘Lancashire had the largest [Catholic] recusant population in England’ at the end of the seventeenth century, and that of the 688 listed English Jacobite rebels captured at Preston in 1715, 366 were from Lancashire, 227 from Northumberland, 78 from other counties, six from Ireland and eleven from unidentified places. Monod also discovered the religious affiliations of four-fifths of the Lancashire rebels and noted that 76 per cent of them were Roman Catholics. With these vital statistics in our possession it would seem that there is no need for further research on Lancashire Catholicism and Jacobitism in the early eighteenth century. But certain questions, ignored or barely touched on by Monod and other historians, need answering. First, how many Catholics were there in Lancashire in about 1715, what was their geographical distribution and social composition, and how far were they dominated by the gentry? Secondly, what was the social composition of the various Lancashire Catholic groups: the active Jacobites, the passive Jacobites and those of unknown allegiance? Thirdly, how do the Catholic and Protestant Jacobite rebels of Lancashire compare from a social and political standpoint? Finally, and confining ourselves mainly to the Catholic gentry, how strong a link was there in Lancashire between the Royalism of the Civil Wars (1642–48) and the Jacobitism of the 1715 rebellion?