Dissertationen zum Thema „Tomographie à cohérence optique plein champ dynamique“
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Apelian, Clément. „Imagerie Optique Multimodale des tissus par Tomographie Optique Cohérente Plein Champ“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLET009/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFull filed optical coherence tomography is a microscopy imaging technique allowing to image a specific slice in a scattering medium, in depth. This technique has been used for the diagnosis of biopsy in cancerology. This technique could be an efficient and fast way to diagnose excised tissues during surgery. This would avoid numerous reoperations procedures. These reoperations are necessary when a pathologist suspects cancerous tissue to still be present in the patient, based on histological slide examination.FFOCT has shown promising results for that purpose. Nevertheless, this technique only gives a morphological contrast of tissues, which is not enough for applying some diagnostic criteria such as cell morphology or cell density.We developed a new imaging modality based on FFOCT allowing to reveal metabolic contrast in tissues at the subcellular scale. This contrast reveals cells previously indistinguishable with FFOCT. We also used this quantitative metric to propose tools to facilitate diagnosis, using machine learning approaches
Azzollini, Salvatore. „Developing live microscopy for retinal disease modeling“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS239.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMy PhD project was devoted to the conception and application of non-invasive, three-dimensional, label free, live optical microscopy techniques for retinal disease modelling at high resolution. At the frontiers between physics, engineering, and biology, the main question that motivated my work was how to characterize the health of single cells in complex tissues with minimal external perturbation. In particular, I contributed to the development of a new imaging modality named dynamic full field optical coherence tomography (DFFOCT) with a particular focus on retinal samples. This new modality enabled me to study the physiology of several state-of-the art biological models, including organoids, and advanced disease models. In the two first chapters of my manuscript, I will put this new modality in context of other alternative technologies, and describe a module that I co-developed.During my PhD, I worked on transforming the needs of biologists to observe, control and optimize their experimental models into optical and technical solutions. Experiments and data analysis were mainly performed on retinal samples, including healthy and diseased organoids, and animal explants. Longitudinal and three-dimensional disease modelling in vitro studies were performed, particularly on retinal dystrophy and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), on which I will present preliminary results in chapter 2. Although very powerful to study cell dynamics in complex tissues, DFFOCT was initially limited to thick specimens, which prevented its use on 2D cell cultures, preventing to make a direct link between 2D and 3D models. During my PhD, I also contributed to the development of another optical configuration that allows to image cells close to glass coverslips. By using a self-referenced design, 2D cell cultures attached to a coverslip have become possible to image. I contributed to the realization of the modified setup and carried out part of the proof-of-concept experiments on human fibroblasts. Moreover, this new modality was used to establish a new cell discrimination pipeline in 2D, with the first results shown in the third chapter of this manuscript. Since our imaging modality captures intracellular movements within cells to quantify their local activity, we asked the question whether we could detect physiological changes through a change in activity. Working on retinal samples, we tried to detect the DFFOCT response to photo-stimulation on natural and genetically modified retinal organoids, and retinal explants. The results did not lead to a clear conclusion during my PhD as will be covered in chapter 4. However, the topic is still deeply studied in the group, as other members of the team are trying to retrieve meaningful information from the analysed datasets. As the final step of my PhD project, I built a new additional part of the optical setup: a spectral domain OCT (SDOCT) to couple to the DFFOCT and to the microscope, consequently, described in the final chapter of the thesis. The aim of this association is to add a low-resolution macroscopic perpendicular view to the existing system, in order to have a quick scan of the whole sample before delving into high resolution analysis with the DFFOCT. This would allow us to target the high content screening domain, as the time consuming DFFOCT volumetric scanning would be replaced by a hybrid SD + FF OCT imaging. Moreover, with the implementation of a dynamic algorithm, it is possible to retrieve metabolic information at macroscopic level too, similarly to what is done with the FFOCT. Future applications of the aforementioned system involve automatization of the acquisition process and, possibly, detection of photo-stimulation response
Grieve, Katharine. „Tomographie par cohérence optique plein champ pour l' ophtalmologie“. Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066305.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSacchet, Delphine. „Tomographie par cohérence optique plein champ linéaire et non linéaire“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00519355.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFederici, Antoine. „Développement de systèmes de microscopie par cohérence optique plein champ étendus spatialement et spectralement“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS024/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFull-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) is an optical technology based on low-coherence interference microscopy for tomographic imaging of semitransparent samples. Non-invasive three-dimensional imaging can be performed with an isotropic spatial resolution of the order of 1 µm. During the PhD thesis, several FF-OCT systems have been reported achieving extended performances or contrast enhanced images relevant for biological tissues imaging. Firstly, a three-band, 1.9-μm axial resolution FF-OCT system has been implemented to perform spectroscopic contrast enhanced imaging of biological tissues over a 530-1700 nm wavelength range. Then, a study of the FF-OCT axial response has been carried out for maximizing the axial resolution of the system. An isotropic spatial resolution of 0.5 µm (in water) has been obtained by combining 1.2-NA microscope objectives with an optimized broad spectral band adapted to biological tissues imaging, such as skin samples. A set-up with an extended field of view of 18 mm x 18 mm has been also designed and applied to amplitude signal detection as well as depth-resolved quantitative phase signal measurement. At last, we developed a technique based on the combination of full-field swept-source optical coherence tomography (FF-SSOCT) with low spatial coherence illumination and a special numerical processing that allows for numerically focused mechanical motion-free three-dimensional imaging
Blavier, Marie. „Développement et application de la tomographie par cohérence optique plein champ pour l'étude du matériau papier“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00816652.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMorin, Antoine. „Tomographie par cohérence optique spectroscopique en plein champ : application à l'analyse des pigments des couches picturales“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833277.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBurcheri-Curatolo, Adriano. „Avancées en tomographie optique plein champ pour applications cliniques et biologie du développement“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00828116.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLatrive, Anne. „Tomographie de cohérence optique plein champ pour l'endoscopie : microscopie in situ et in vivo des tissus biologiques“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00782552.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleXiao, Peng. „Optique adaptative et interférométrie spatialement incohérente plein champ pour l’imagerie de la rétine“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLET015/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis follows the study and development of an adaptive optics full-field optical coherence tomography (AO-FFOCT) system, aiming for high resolution en face human retinal imaging. During the quantification of the effects of geometrical aberrations on the FFOCT system performance, it is shown that, with spatially incoherent illumination, the lateral resolution of FFOCT is insensitive to aberrations, which only cause the FFOCT signal reduction. Since low order aberrations like myopia and astigmatism dominate in human eye, a non-conjugate AO configuration by using transmissive wavefront corrector is suggested and applied for low order aberrations correction to simplify the AO-FFOCT system. Wavefront corrections are done with a wavefront sensorless method by using FFOCT signal level as the metric. Experiments with scattering samples and artificial eye model are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the customized AO-FFOCT system for aberration correction. In order to resolve the eye motion effects and employ real-time matching of the optical path lengths of the two interferometric arms in FFOCT, a system combination of traditional spectral-domain OCT (SDOCT) with FFOCT is adopted. With this combined system, high resolution FFOCT cellular retinal imaging is achieved in human eye in vivo for the first time
Nahas, Amir. „Imagerie multimodale optique, élastique et photo-thermique des tissus biologiques par OCT plein champ“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066680/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFull Field OCT (FF-OCT) is an imaging technic use to do microscopy inside scattering media at a given depth using an interferometric setup. One of the main objectives that motivated the development of FF-OCT was to provide during surgery to the surgeon images similar to histological slices but in real time. Currently, diagnostic made from FF-OCT images gives good results, especially in the case of some breast disease. However, the major difference between the histological and FF-OCT is that FF-OCT has only a morphological contrast and in some cases, this contrast is not enough to make the diagnosis. In the research described in this thesis we are committed to developing new tomographic approaches, leading to new forms of contrast may enhance images of FF- OCT for a better quality of diagnosis. Specifically, we worked on the optical and photothermal detection of gold nanoparticles by FF-OCT and the mechanical properties mapping by three methods in order to develop new types of contrasts that will help improve the diagnosis
Bocheux, Romain. „Caractérisation objective et quantitative de la transparence cornéenne par OCT plein champ et microscopie holographique“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLY009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLack of corneal transparency is a major cause of blindness worldwide, affecting over 10 million people. Early diagnosis and quantitative follow-up could improve clinical outcome and hence prevent blindness. There is thus a critical need for reliable and easy-to-use clinical tools for objective and quantitative characterisation, including monitoring ability, of corneal transparency.In collaboration with Rémi Carminati (Institut Langevin, ESPCI, CNRS), we have developped a physical model of light scattering in the cornea, including as few parameters as possible, able to describe scattering properties of the cornea. We have also analysed the nanostructure of the collagen fibrills (main components of the corneal stroma, whose organisation is mandatory for transparency) from transmission electron microscopy images, modeling the interaction potential between fibrils with only one parameter.In addition to this theoretical analysis we have studied scattered light in transmission using digital holographic microscopy (DHM) and in reflection using full filed optical coherent tomography (FF-OCT). Transmission geometry enables us to observe the effects of light scattering on the retina and therefore to the visual acuity. Reflection geometry is the one used in clinical practice and therefore the one from which the scattering properties of the cornea have to be determined. For the analysis of the OCT signal, we have developed, in collaboration with Pascal Pernot (University of Paris Sud, CNRS), a Bayesian analysis that allows us to extract the scattering mean free path and its possible fluctuations in depth. We first used this analysis on ex vivo FF-OCT images of healthy corneas from the eye-bank, and pathological corneas collected after corneal transplant surgery. We have thus shown that this analysis makes it possible to measure the scattering mean free path with great precision and also to determine if a cornea presents heterogeneities. Finally, we have demonstrated the feasibility of this in vivo analysis by applying it to clinical OCT and slit lamp images, and we have obtained very good reproducibility of our measurements as well as a correlation between the measurements made by the two imaging methods
Harms, Fabrice. „Imagerie des tissus à haute résolution en profondeur par tomographie de cohérence optique plein champ : approches instrumentales et multimodales pour l'application au diagnostic per-opératoire du cancer“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066702/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmong medical imaging techniques, optical imaging methods have been significantly developped during the past decades. More specifically, among recently proposed optical imaging techniques, Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography – or FFOCT – provides unique capabilities, in particular regarding resolution and instrumental simplicity, which allows to consider its application to cancer diagnosis. This thesis demonstrates the design and implementation of new FFOCT devices for use in a clinical context, targeting improvement and optimization of the technique. Two major development parts have been realized : A translational part, comprising the development of a FFOCT microscope adapted to a clinical use for intraoperative diagnosis of cancer on tissue biopsies, and the assessment of its diagnosis performance for several clinical cases : the intraoperative diagnosis of breast tissue, of brain resections, and the preoperative qualification of corneal grafts. A research part - mainly instrumental - targeting the improvement of the diagnosis performance of the technique, based on new multimodal (fluorescence contrast, dynamic contrast) and multiscale approaches, or on the miniaturization of the device by developing a handheld rigid endoscope for clinical use
Thouvenin, Olivier. „Optical 3D imaging of subcellular dynamics in biological cultures and tissues : applications to ophthalmology and neuroscience“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC169/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD project aims to explore the relationship that might exist between the dynamic motility and mechanical behavior of different biological systems and their biochemical activity. In particular,we were interested in detecting the electromechanical coupling that may happen in active neurons, and may assist in the propagation of the action potential. With this goal in mind, we have developed two highly sensitive optical microscopes that combine one modality that detects sub-wavelength axial displacements using optical phase imaging and another modality that uses a fluorescence path. Therefore, these multimodal microscopes can combine a motility, a mechanical,a structural and a biochemical contrast at the same time. One of this system is based ona multimodal combination of full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) and allows the observation of such contrast inside thick and scattering biological tissues. The other setup provides a higher displacement sensitivity, but is limited to measurements in cell cultures. In this manuscript, we mainly discuss the development of both systems and describe the various contrastst hey can reveal. Finally, we have largely used our systems to investigate diverse functions of the eye and to look for electromechanical waves in cell cultures. The thorough description of both biological applications is also provided in the manuscript
Mandache, Diana. „Cancer Detection in Full Field Optical Coherence Tomography Images“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS370.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide making it a major public health concern. Different biomedical imaging techniques accompany both research and clinical efforts towards improving patient outcome. In this work we explore the use of a new family of imaging techniques, static and dynamic full field optical coherence tomography, which allow for a faster tissue analysis than gold standard histology. In order to facilitate the interpretation of this new imaging, we develop several exploratory methods based on data curated from clinical studies. We propose an analytical method for a better characterization of the raw dynamic interferometric signal, as well as multiple diagnostic support methods for the images. Accordingly, convolutional neural networks were exploited under various paradigms: (i) fully supervised learning, whose prediction capability surpasses the pathologist performance; (ii) multiple instance learning, which accommodates the lack of expert annotations; (iii) contrastive learning, which exploits the multi-modality of the data. Moreover, we highly focus on method validation and decoding the trained "black box" models to ensure their good generalization and to ultimately find specific biomarkers
Perrin, Stephane. „Development and characterization of an optical coherence tomography micro-system : Application to dermatology“. Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2002/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe manuscript concerns the optical design and the development of a non-invasive new imagingsystem for the early diagnosis of skin pathologies. Indeed, an early diagnosis can make the differencebetween malignant and benign skin lesion in order to minimize unnecessary surgical procedure.Furthermore, prognosis for the year 2015 was that more than three millions new skin cancer caseswill be diagnosed in the United States. Based on the swept source optical coherence tomographytechnique in full-field and multiple channels configuration, the imaging system is able to perform avolumetric image of the subsurface of the skin, and thus can help in taking a better medical decision.Furthermore, for a batch-fabrication of the hand-held device, micro-optical components were made atwafer-level and vertically assembled using multi-wafer bonding. This miniaturized system requiresspecific characterization. Thus, two systems were also developed for imaging quality evaluation ofmicro-optical elements. This work has been supported by the VIAMOS (Vertically Integrated ArraytypeMirau-based OCT System) European project
Jerbi, Ghada. „Design d’un système d’une tomographie par cohérence optique sensible à la polarisation“. Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21371.
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