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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Tolérance à l'oxygène“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Tolérance à l'oxygène"
Capellier, G., G. Blasco, A. Boillot und F. Barale. „Tolérance et résistance à la toxicité pulmonaire de l'oxygène normobare“. Réanimation Urgences 5, Nr. 5 (Januar 1996): 623–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1164-6756(05)80577-8.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Tolérance à l'oxygène"
Santini, Jérémie. „Caractérisation physiologique et biochimique de la tolérance au stress photooxydatif chez les espèces ancestrales d'agrumes“. Corte, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe "true citrus" group is composed of three main genera:Poncirus, Fortunella and Citrus. The latter consists of a multitude of species. Only three of them are responsible for this important diversity: citron, mandarin and pummelo. Each of these species originates from Southeastern Asia in a large area with various climates. The aim of this study is to evaluate the behaviour of a genotype belonging to each of the three fundamental species and that of a genotype from Fortunella genus (kumquat) in response to two kinds of hotooxidative stress. The former is caused by a natural chilling period and the latter by a change in light intensity. These genotypes were first compared at the physiological level by determining net photosynthesis (Pnet), stomatal conductance (Gs) and chlorophyll luorescence (Fv/Fm) and then at the biochemical level by assessing the activities of the main antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase. . . ) and the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbate and glutathione. According to our results, citron is sensitive to both types of stress with a marked decrease in photosynthetic performances, a large accumulation of H2O2 and MDA and insufficient activation of the antioxidant system. Conversely, pummelo is tolerant to both types of stress, showing the lowest down-regulation of physiological parameters and the lowest accumulation of H2O2 and MDA associated with efficiency of its antioxidant system. Mandarin exhibits a behaviour equivalent to pummelo atlow temperatures and a behaviour similar to citron under light stress. Finally, kumquat shows intermediate response between citron and mandarin/pummelo under chilling stress while its behaviour is close to pummelo under excess light
Beaugelin, Ines. „Caractérisation de médiateurs de la signalisation de l'oxygène singulet chez les plantes conduisant à la mort cellulaire ou à la tolérance à la forte lumière“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0609.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSinglet oxygen ($^1O_2$) is a major reactive oxygen species produced within the chloroplasts during high light (HL) stress. $^1O_2$ has a cytotoxic effect due to its high reactivity towards macromolecules including proteins and membrane lipids. $^1O_2$ also acts as a signal molecule that plays a role in chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling involving mediators and leading either to programmed cell death (PCD) or to stress acclimation.We have shown the involvement of the phytohormone salicylic acid in HL-induced cell death, acting downstream of the OXI1 kinase and jasmonate. We have also shown a negative regulation of this signaling pathway by PCD inhibitory proteins: DAD1 and DAD2 (DEFENDER AGAINST CELL DEATH 1 and 2). Overexpressing those proteins inhibits OXI1-mediated PCD. Protein folding of most secreted proteins takes place in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). Perturbations in this compartment lead to the activation of an adaptive response called UPR (Unfolded Protein Response). When ER stress is too intense, NRPs-mediated ER stress-induced cell death is activated. We have shown that 1O2 production activates UPR. In particular, the bZIP28/BiP3 UPR branch is activated during acclimation to HL. The induction of UPR by a chemical inducer of ER stress (Tunicamycin) can induce acclimation to $^1O_2$ production and can avoid HL-induced PCD.We performed a genetic screen to search for revertants of the $^1O_2$ overproducing \textit{ch1} mutants in which growth inhibition by$^1O_2$2 is partially released. The candidate genes will have to be confirmed by further phenotypic studies
Rashid, Haroon. „Viologen-based porphyrin catalysts for O₂ tolerant CO₂ reduction“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASF094.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis explores the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the presence of dioxygen (O₂), emulating real conditions where CO₂ and O₂ coexist. The central focus is on the design and application of viologen-modified porphyrin-based catalysts capable of mediating heterogeneous, O₂-tolerant CO₂ electroreduction reactions. In the first part of this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of covalent organic frameworks (COF) based on metallo-porphyrins for the heterogeneous electroreduction of CO₂ in aqueous solutions on carbonaceous electrodes. Systematic evaluation of these COFs demonstrated notable activity and selectivity for CO₂ reduction reactions under aerobic conditions. The second part involves the design and synthesis of an iron porphyrin catalyst flanked with redox-active viologen units. While it predominantly catalyzes the oxygen reduction reaction under homogeneous conditions in a CO₂ and O₂ mixture, it demonstrates significant CO₂ reduction activity in heterogeneous conditions, highlighting its remarkable O₂ tolerance. The final part explores the photocatalytic performance of the aforementioned iron porphyrin catalyst under a pure CO₂ atmosphere. Comparative studies with unmodified iron porphyrins and other control experiments revealed enhanced catalytic activity, and mechanistic investigations provided insights into the electron transfer processes and intermediate species involved in the photocatalytic CO₂ reduction pathway
Amann, Fabienne. „Étude d'un nouvel alliage de titane tolérant à l'oxygène“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPSLC011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmong the various important issues affecting titanium metallurgy, the loss of ductility induced by the addition of oxygen, even in small proportions, remains one of the most critical, limiting the oxygen content to 0.4 mass%. However, the Ti-4.5Zr-0.6O alloy (mass%) displays a trade-off between mechanical strength and ductility. In addition, oxygen ordering is observed in this alloy, although the amount of oxygen added is well below the known solubility of 13 mass%. The partitioning of oxygen between the ordered domains and the solid solution is therefore questioned. Furthermore, while the order / disorder transition temperature has been determined to be around 450°C, heat treatments above this temperature followed by a very rapid cooling still result in the formation of ordered nano-domains. These objects would be formed by an athermal process, which could explain the low enrichment measured. This "athermal" ordering contrasts with the observed ordering during heat treatments in the stability range (below 450°C), which give rise to larger ordered domains. Finally, dynamic strain ageing phenomena revealed for a certain range of temperature and deformation rate motivate further studies on this ordering, which could pave the way for new strategies for high-temperature applications through the development of these "oxygen-rich" titanium alloys
Timperman, Laure. „Matériaux electrocatalytiques nanostructurés pour la réduction de l'oxygène moléculaire et tolérants aux polluants“. Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Timperman-Laure/2010-Timperman-Laure-These.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOxide/carbon composites (TiO2/C and WO3/C) were prepared by sol-gel method to be used as catalysts substrates. The synthesis of TiO2 in the carbon matrix allows for a more important oxidation of carbon because of a strong “chemical” interaction. The catalysts activity was evaluated for the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction. Metallic nanoparticles were deposited onto oxide/carbon supports by photo-deposition using UV light to generate electrons at the oxide surface in order to reduce the metallic salt, allowing a selective deposition of the metal onto the oxide by this way of synthesis, leading a strong interaction between the metal end the metal of the oxide of the composite. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic activity of these materials was improved as compared to carbon supported catalysts. The catalysts stability and tolerance towards organic molecules, as methanol or formic acid (for alcohol fuel cells, or membrane less fuel cells) were also studied
El, ali Zeina. „Rôle du facteur de transcription Nrf2 dans le contrôle de l'allergie cutanée en réponse aux molécules allergisantes“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA114847/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAllergic reactions such as contact hypersensitivity (CHS) are a problem of public health occurring after repeated exposures to contact sensitizers. CHS is a common skin disease involving dendritic cells (DC) playing a key role in this pathology. Contact sensitizers, like dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) or cinnamaldehyde (CinA) are known to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The Nrf2/Keap1 pathway is central for detoxification. In the absence of a chemical stress, Keap1 associates with Nrf2 and leading to its degradation. In the presence of an electrophilic compound like contact sensitizers, Keap1’s conformation is modified leading to Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus and transcription of its target genes [heme-oxygénase 1 (ho-1), NADPH quinone oxydoreductase (nqo1), glutathione-s-transferase (gst)]. We showed, for the first time, that Nrf2 controls the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-3/7 activity in DC activated by contact sensitizers. In the absence of Nrf2, DNCB and CinA induced DC apoptosis via caspase activation involved in intrinsic pathway of apoptosis also called ‘mitochondrial pathway’. This apoptosis was mainly mediated by the production of ROS in response to DNCB. However, ROS faintly control CinA-induced cell death. We also showed that Nrf2 controls the transcription of the anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2 in response to DNCB or CinA and also the transcription of immune related and antioxidant genes that could be implicated in DC apoptosis.Otherwise, we also showed that Nrf2 plays a key role in sensitization and elicitation phases of CHS and even in the irritation phase. Adoptive transfer experiments showed that Nrf2 plays a crucial role in DC during CHS.Finally, we showed that Nrf2 regulates skin Treg and participates to skin tolerance