Thematische Bibliographien / Through-plane cross section

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Through-plane cross section“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 1. Juli 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 9. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Through-plane cross section"

Kennefick, C. M. „Transmission of Elastic Stress Through Circular and Elliptic Cross Sections of Microstructural Elements Embedded in a Matrix Material“. Journal of Applied Mechanics 72, Nr. 4 (30.10.2004): 558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1935525.

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With the use of contact stress theory and complex variable methods in two dimensions, the transmission of a compressive stress through a circular cross section of a small material particle is calculated in the infinite plane of material below the circular cross section. The circular cross section of the particle is embedded in and completely bonded to an infinite plane of matrix material. It is shown that part of the stress is transmitted with a dependence of 1∕r, where r is a radial coordinate. Additionally, the stress is calculated in two dimensions for the interior of an ellipse that could model a cross section of a grain or particle. The boundary of the ellipse is loaded with the stress holding an elliptic kernel in place in an elastic matrix material after the kernel has undergone a small rotation under an applied tensile load. The resulting stresses are shown in contour plots for elliptic cross sections of varying shapes and orientations.

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Du, L., R. Zhong, H. Sun und Q. Wu. „AUTOMATIC MONITORING OF TUNNEL DEFORMATION BASED ON HIGH DENSITY POINT CLOUDS DATA“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (12.09.2017): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-353-2017.

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An automated method for tunnel deformation monitoring using high density point clouds data is presented. Firstly, the 3D point clouds data are converted to two-dimensional surface by projection on the XOY plane, the projection point set of central axis on XOY plane named Uxoy is calculated by combining the Alpha Shape algorithm with RANSAC (Random Sampling Consistency) algorithm, and then the projection point set of central axis on YOZ plane named Uyoz is obtained by highest and lowest points which are extracted by intersecting straight lines that through each point of Uxoy and perpendicular to the two -dimensional surface with the tunnel point clouds, Uxoy and Uyoz together form the 3D center axis finally. Secondly, the buffer of each cross section is calculated by K-Nearest neighbor algorithm, and the initial cross-sectional point set is quickly constructed by projection method. Finally, the cross sections are denoised and the section lines are fitted using the method of iterative ellipse fitting. In order to improve the accuracy of the cross section, a fine adjustment method is proposed to rotate the initial sectional plane around the intercept point in the horizontal and vertical direction within the buffer. The proposed method is used in Shanghai subway tunnel, and the deformation of each section in the direction of 0 to 360 degrees is calculated. The result shows that the cross sections becomes flat circles from regular circles due to the great pressure at the top of the tunnel

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El-Ocla, Hosam. „Effects of Medium Characteristics on Laser RCS of Airplane with E-Wave Polarization“. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/515170.

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Plane wave incidence should be postulated to have an authentic target detection. Practically, the plane wave is incapable usually of keeping its power in the far field especially when propagating through an inhomogeneous medium. Consequently, we assume an incident beam wave with a finite width around the target. In this work, we calculate numerically a laser radar cross section (LRCS) of conducting targets having smooth cross sections with inflection points such as airplane in random media. Effects of fluctuations intensity of random media on the LRCS performance are studied in this paper. E-wave polarization (E-wave incidence) is considered while the mean target size is approximately twice the wavelength.

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Fatone, Lorella, Maria Cristina Recchioni und Francesco Zirilli. „Acoustic Scattering Cross Sections of Smart Obstacles: A Case Study“. Communications in Computational Physics 10, Nr. 3 (September 2011): 672–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.120310.261110a.

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AbstractAcoustic scattering cross sections of smart furtive obstacles are studied and discussed. A smart furtive obstacle is an obstacle that, when hit by an incoming field, avoids detection through the use of a pressure current acting on its boundary. A highly parallelizable algorithm for computing the acoustic scattering cross section of smart obstacles is developed. As a case study, this algorithm is applied to the (acoustic) scattering cross section of a “smart” (furtive) simplified version of the NASA space shuttle when hit by incoming time-harmonic plane waves, the wavelengths of which are small compared to the characteristic dimensions of the shuttle. The solution to this numerically challenging scattering problem requires the solution of systems of linear equations with many unknowns and equations. Due to the sparsity of these systems of equations, they can be stored and solved using affordable computing resources. A cross section analysis of the simplified NASA space shuttle highlights three findings: i) the smart furtive obstacle reduces the magnitude of its cross section compared to the cross section of a corresponding “passive” obstacle; ii) several wave propagation directions fail to satisfactorily respond to the smart strategy of the obstacle; iii) satisfactory furtive effects along all directions may only be obtained by using a pressure current of considerable magnitude. Numerical experiments and virtual reality applications can be found at the website: http://www.ceri.uniromal.it/ceri/zirilli/w7.

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Xia, J., Zhi Jin Wang und A. S. Kretov. „Variable Cross-Section Thin-Walled Composite Structure Modeling Based on the Super-Element Method“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 829 (März 2016): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.829.95.

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For slender structures (for example larger aspect ratio wing or fuselage), when they are under loads, the in-plane cross-section shape of these structures remains unchanged. Using this feature, in this paper, a new method called super-element method (SEM) is proposed with the hypothesis of in-plane rigidity. The stiffness matrix of one super-element which has reduced degrees of freedom compared with FEM is derived and they are assembled together to get the stiffness matrix of whole structure. Then through the boundary conditions, the stress and displacement distribution can be calculated out. Calculation analysis of three examples reveals the validity and feasibility of super-element method.

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Wisnom, Michael R., und M. I. Jones. „A Comparison between Interlaminar and In-plane Shear Strength of Unidirectional Glass Fibre-epoxy“. Advanced Composites Letters 3, Nr. 2 (März 1994): 096369359400300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369359400300205.

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Short beam shear tests have been carried out on square cross-section specimens cut from a 32 ply plate. By rotating the beams through 90° both interlaminar and in-plane strength can be measured with identical specimens. The in-plane shear strength was found to be at least 10% higher than the interlaminar strength.

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Ma, Jun, und Yan Li. „Dynamic Response Analysis of Half-through CFST Arch Bridges Affected by Crossbeams Setting“. Advanced Engineering Forum 5 (Juli 2012): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.5.201.

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As one of the most important components of CFST arch bridges, the cross beams should affect the bridges’ dynamic performance and response magnificently by means of affecting these three factors mentioned above. Based on the Maocaojie Bridge, its FEM models of half-through CFST arch bridges with different settings of cross beams are built. The different seismic responses of six operating conditions are calculated with three dimensional earthquake waves input. The internal force and displacement envelope diagrams of arch ribs are extracted and analyzed in situations of in-plane moment, out-plane moment, vertical displacement and transverse displacement. It can conclude that the joint section between arch rib and bridge deck should be designed carefully because of its large displacement and internal force, and the cross beams should be optimized to safety the arch bridge dynamic response considering lateral rigidity. The conclusions may be useful to the seismic design and strengthening treatment of CFST arch bridges. To strengthen the joint section between arch rib and bridge deck or optimize the setting of cross beams will increase the ductility of half-through CFST arch bridge and decrease the damages caused by large earthquake.

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WANG, CHENGPENG, XUANG TIAN und KEMING CHENG. „NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF PSEUDO-SHOCK WAVES IN VARIABLE CROSS-SECTION DUCTS“. Modern Physics Letters B 23, Nr. 03 (30.01.2009): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909018710.

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The Pseudo-Shock Wave (PSW), which appears when supersonic flow in duct decelerates to subsonic, is a complicated process due to the interaction between boundary layer and shock wave. It significantly affects the performance and efficiency of flow devices. In this paper, PSW in two kinds of variable cross-section ducts, edge-varied and corner-varied, was investigated through CFD numerical simulation. Compared to the rectangular duct, a shorter and wider separation region is appeared in the corner of the edge-varied duct while the strongest separation is laterally propagated across the entire plane of the corner-varied duct's side wall. This makes the performances of varied ducts different from traditional constant cross-section ducts.

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Kinugasa, Ryuta, John A. Hodgson, V. Reggie Edgerton und Shantanu Sinha. „Asymmetric deformation of contracting human gastrocnemius muscle“. Journal of Applied Physiology 112, Nr. 3 (01.02.2012): 463–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00666.2011.

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Muscle fiber deformation is related to its cellular structure, as well as its architectural arrangement within the musculoskeletal system. While playing an important role in aponeurosis displacement, and efficiency of force transmission to the tendon, such deformation also provides important clues about the underlying mechanical structure of the muscle. We hypothesized that muscle fiber cross section would deform asymmetrically to satisfy the observed constant volume of muscle during a contraction. Velocity-encoded, phase-contrast, and morphological magnetic resonance imaging techniques were used to measure changes in fascicle length, pinnation angle, and aponeurosis separation of the human gastrocnemius muscle during passive and active eccentric ankle joint movements. These parameters were then used to subsequently calculate the in-plane muscle area subtended by the two aponeuroses and fascicles and to calculate the in-plane (dividing area by fascicle length), and through-plane (dividing muscle volume by area) thicknesses. Constant-volume considerations of the whole-muscle geometry require that, as fascicle length increases, the muscle fiber cross-sectional area must decrease in proportion to the length change. Our empirical findings confirm the definition of a constant-volume rule that dictates that changes in the dimension perpendicular to the plane, i.e., through-plane thickness, (−6.0% for passive, −3.3% for eccentric) equate to the reciprocal of the changes in area (6.8% for passive, 3.7% for eccentric) for both exercise paradigms. The asymmetry in fascicle cross-section deformation for both passive and active muscle fibers is established in this study with a ∼22% in-plane and ∼6% through-plane fascicle thickness change. These fiber deformations have functional relevance, not only because they affect the force production of the muscle itself, but also because they affect the characteristics of adjacent muscles by deflecting their line of pull.

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Harding, Brendan, Yvonne M. Stokes und Andrea L. Bertozzi. „Effect of inertial lift on a spherical particle suspended in flow through a curved duct“. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 875 (18.07.2019): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.323.

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We develop a model of the forces on a spherical particle suspended in flow through a curved duct under the assumption that the particle Reynolds number is small. This extends an asymptotic model of inertial lift force previously developed to study inertial migration in straight ducts. Of particular interest is the existence and location of stable equilibria within the cross-sectional plane towards which particles migrate. The Navier–Stokes equations determine the hydrodynamic forces acting on a particle. A leading-order model of the forces within the cross-sectional plane is obtained through the use of a rotating coordinate system and a perturbation expansion in the particle Reynolds number of the disturbance flow. We predict the behaviour of neutrally buoyant particles at low flow rates and examine the variation in focusing position with respect to particle size and bend radius, independent of the flow rate. In this regime, the lateral focusing position of particles approximately collapses with respect to a dimensionless parameter dependent on three length scales: specifically, the particle radius, duct height and duct bend radius. Additionally, a trapezoidal-shaped cross-section is considered in order to demonstrate how changes in the cross-section design influence the dynamics of particles.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Through-plane cross section"

Skoglund, Emil. „A NUMERICAL MODEL OF HEAT- AND MASS TRANSFER IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS : A two-dimensional 1+1D approach to solve the steady-state temperature- and mass- distributions“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Framtidens energi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55223.

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Methods of solving the steady state characteristics of a node matrix equation system over a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) were evaluated. The most suitable method, referred to as the semi-implicit method, was set up in a MATLAB program. The model covers heat transfer due to thermal diffusion throughout the layers and due to thermal advection+diffusion in the gas channels. Included mass transport processes cover only transport of water vapor and consist of the same diffusion/advection schematics as the heat transfer processes. The mass transport processes are hence Fickian diffusion throughout all the layers and diffusion+advection in the gas channels. Data regarding all the relevant properties of the layer materials were gathered to simulate these heat- and mass transfer processes.Comparing the simulated temperature profiles obtained with the model to the temperature profiles of a previous work’s model, showed that the characteristics and behavior of the temperature profile are realistic. There were however differences between the results, but due to the number of unknown parameters in the previous work’s model it was not possible to draw conclusions regarding the accuracy of the model by comparing the results.Comparing the simulated water concentration profiles of the model and measured values, showed that the model produced concentration characteristics that for the most part alignedwell with the measurement data. The part of the fuel cell where the concentration profile did not match the measured data was the cathode side gas diffusion layer (GDL). This comparison was however performed with the assumption that relative humidity corresponds to liquid water concentration, and that this liquid water concentration is in the same range as the measured data. Because of this assumption it was not possible to determine the accuracy of the model.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Through-plane cross section"

Su, Lijuan, und Mario Attard. „In-plane stability of variable cross-section columns with shear deformations“. In From Materials to Structures: Advancement through Innovation, 207–12. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15320-36.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Through-plane cross section"

Saruev, Lev A., und Sergei S. Vasenin. „Plane wave propagation through variable cross section drill rods“. In 2015 International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Control Systems (MEACS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/meacs.2015.7414931.

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Yu, Dianlong, Yaozong Liu, Jing Qiu, Gang Wang und Jihong Wen. „Triply Coupled Vibration Band Gaps in Periodic Thin-Walled Open Cross Section Beams“. In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79880.

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Triply coupled vibration through periodic thin-walled open cross section nonsymmetrical beams composed of two kinds of material is studied in this paper. Based on the triply coupled vibration equation, plane wave expansion method for the thin-walled beams is provided. If the filling fraction keeps constant, the lattice is one of the factors that affect the normalized gap width. If the lattice and filling fraction keep constant, the Young’s modulus contrast plays a fundamental role for the band gap width, but not density contrast. Finally, the frequency response of a finite periodic binary beam is simulated with finite element method, which provides an attenuation of over 20dB in the frequency range of the band gaps. The findings will be significant in the application of phononic crystals.

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Nie, Xuelei, Xuegong Hu, Tao Wang und Dawei Tang. „Test of Cross-Section Shape of Air-Liquid Interface in Microgrooves With Micro-PIV Method“. In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58219.

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Evaporation of liquid meniscus formed in microgrooves is associated with very high heat transfer rates, but the cross-section shape of air-liquid interface has a great influence to the heat transfer in microgrooves. But the real cross-section shape of interface in microgrooves is still unknown for us. In this work, the micro-PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) method is used to test the cross-section shape of air-liquid interface in microgrooves. In the experiment, the camera is focus on different planes from top of the microgrooves to the bottom of the microgrooves. In each plane, we can see the boundary between the air and liquid through small particles added into the liquid. The positions of boundary in each plane for a given cross section are drawn in two-dimension coordinate. Then the cross-section shape of interface in microgrooves can be seen from the fitting curve. The results show that the cross-section shapes of the interface in microgrooves are not round, but polynomial curves. The curvature of interface in microgrooves changes along a single curve. Besides, the polynomial curves also vary along axial direction of the microgrooves. The variations are more obvious in vertical microgrooves than in horizontal microgrooves.

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Yang, Jianfeng. „Stress Classification Plane and Its Application in Finite Element Analysis“. In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75547.

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The stresses within pressure vessels and internals, etc. are categorized into membrane, bending, and peak stresses in the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel (B&PV) Code, as well as many other design codes of different countries. The total stress results calculated from a finite element analysis, which is the most commonly utilized tool in the component design, have to be classified into these categories to be compared to the design code criteria. The stress classification line (SCL) method has been developed to linearize the stresses along a line cutting through the thickness of the component. However, the SCL method tends to overestimate or underestimate the linearized stresses if the stress distribution of the cross-section is not axisymmetric. Since the design code criteria are given over a cross-section, this article proposes a stress classification plane (SCP) method in stress linearization. An SCP is defined as a cross-section that cuts through a solid 3-D finite element model. The element nodes do not need to lie on the SCP. The stresses are linearized over the entire cross-section that defines the SCP. Therefore, the linearized stresses obtained using this method are consistent with the design code definitions. The SCP approach provides an accurate and convenient tool when comparing the finite element results to the Code criteria during the component design and analysis process. As an example, the applications of the SCP method using ANSYS® are also given in this article.

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Aten, Quentin. „Facets and Fissures of a Fractured SOI Wafer“. In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87584.

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This scanning electron micrograph shows a cross section of a cleaved silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafter. The wafer cleave passed through a partially released device that included the array of etch release holes visible in this image. The patterned monocrystalline silicon layer had a different crystalline orientation than the much thicker monocrystalline silicon substrate. When the wafer was cleaved, substrate silicon fractured along a single crystalline plane, leaving a flat, smooth surface. The patterned layer did not share this crystalline plane, and fractured in many directions resulting in an irregular, multi-faceted surface.

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Lu, Xiaoxing, und Zhong Hu. „Evaluation of Mechanical Behaviors of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Finite Element Analysis“. In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37766.

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Based on molecular mechanics, a three-dimensional finite element model for armchair, zigzag and chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has been developed, in which the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), when subjected to load, behave like space-frame structures. The bending stiffness of the graphite layer has been considered. The potentials associated with the atomic interactions within a CNT were evaluated by the strain energies of beam elements which serve as structural substitutions of covalent bonds. The out-of-plane deformation (inversion) of the bonds was distinguished from the in-plane deformation by considering an elliptical cross-section for the beam elements. The elastic moduli of beam elements are determined by using a linkage between molecular and continuum mechanics. A closed form solution of the sectional properties of the beam element was derived analytically and verified through the analysis of rolling a graphite sheet into a carbon nanotube. This method was validated by its application to a graphene model, and Young’s modulus of the model was found, showing agreement with the known values of graphite. Modeling of the elastic deformation of SWCNTs reveals that Young’s moduli and the shear modulus of CNTs vary with the tube diameter and are affected by their helicity. With increasing tube diameter, Young’s moduli of both armchair and zigzag CNTs are increasing monotonically and approaching to the Young’s modulus of graphite, which are in agreement with the existing theoretical and experimental results. The rolling energy per atom was computed by finite element analysis. By comparing mechanical properties with circular cross section models, it is found that the computational results of the proposed elliptical cross-section model are closer to the results from the atomistic computations. The proposed model is valid for problems where the effect of local bending of the graphite layer in a CNT is significant. This research work shows that the proposed finite element model may provide a valuable tool for studying the mechanical behaviors of CNTs and their integration in nano-composites.

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Kommepalli, Hareesh K. R., Andrew D. Hirsh, Christopher D. Rahn und Srinivas A. Tadigadapa. „Piezoelectric T-Beam Microactuators“. In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49886.

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This paper introduces a novel T-beam actuator fabricated by a piezoelectric MEMS fabrication process. ICP-RIE etching from the front and back of a bulk PZT chip is used to produce stair stepped structures through the thickness with complex inplane shapes. Masked electrode deposition creates active and passive regions in the PZT structure. With a T-shaped crosssection, and bottom and top flange and web electrodes, a cantilevered beam can bend in-plane and out-of-plane with bimorph actuation in both directions. One of these T-beam actuators is fabricated and experimentally tested. An experimentally validated model predicts that the cross-section geometry can be optimized to produce higher displacement and blocking force.

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Lee, Sang-Joon John, Raymond K. Yee, Reginald Kelley, Roy Martin, Alain Sadaka und Tai-Ran Hsu. „A Monolithic Micro Four-Bar Mechanism With Flexure Hinges“. In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-62263.

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A monolithic micro four-bar mechanism was fabricated in silicon to examine motion amplification as well as the effect of non-ideal geometric profiles in its flexure hinges. Through-wafer deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) was used to produce high-aspect-ratio flexure joints that allow compliant motion within the plane of a silicon wafer. The flexures were approximately 20 microns wide and 530 microns deep, micromachined through the entire wafer thickness. A taper angle of approximately 0.5 degree narrowing toward the bottom of the wafer was measured in the flexure cross section. A finite element model was developed to predict the output rotation of one link in response to the displacement applied at the drive link. For a 1-micron linear input, the model predicted a 0.39-degree angular displacement for the output link. This showed close agreement with experimental data that measured 0.41 degree. An enhanced finite element model that accounted for the tapered cross-section, however, predicted a slightly smaller input/output relation of 0.37 degree per micron.

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Tanghe-Carrier, Frédérique, und Daniel Gay. „Influence of Warping Effects on the Dynamic Behavior of Composite Beams Under Bending and Torsion Combined Loads“. In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/vib-8152.

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Abstract The dynamic behavior of composite beams under both bending and torsion combined loads is sought with a 1-D approach based on the integral parameter method. The developed theory takes into account side effects due to the deformation of the cross-section out of its plane. In case of beams with a center of symmetry, the effects of bending and torsion are uncoupled. For such beams we evaluate the eigenfrequencies of bending and torsion with non-uniform warping. The present theory is finally implemented through the study of an isotropic sandwich beam: we compare its bending and torsion theoretical eigenfrequencies with FEM and experimental results.

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Ohkubo, Toshifumi, Nobuyuki Terada und Yoshikazu Yoshida. „Fluorescence Detection of a Minute Particle Using Resin-Based Optical Total Analysis Systems Having a High Aspect Ratio Light Waveguide Core“. In ASME 2014 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2014-6917.

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A precise light waveguide combined total analysis system (TAS)[1] is thought to be one of the most powerful functional elements needed to realize a “ubiquitous healthcare” system. In accordance with this concept, we have proposed a fundamental structure of detecting forward and side scattered light from small particles illuminating laser power through light waveguide formed in a thin resin layer. Based on this concept, we demonstrated its effectiveness of detecting both forward and side scattered light in in-plane direction[2] (Fig.1) by using a trial-manufactured TAS chip. Acquiring further various physiological properties, it is necessary to illuminate them with smaller cross section size of cores of light waveguide, and furthermore, to construct fluorescence detecting systems.

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