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1
Mendle, Michael. „The Thomason Collection: A Reply to Stephen J. Greenberg“. Albion 22, Nr. 1 (1990): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4050258.
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Stephen J. Greenberg's recent article in these pages, “Dating Civil War Pamphlets, 1641–1644,” commendably calls attention to the two nearly identical manuscript catalogues that George Thomason had drawn up to catalogue his collection. Quite properly, Greenberg emphasizes the manuscript catalogues' difference from (and for some purposes, superiority to) the printed catalogue of the collection edited by G. K. Fortescue. A generation ago Lois Spencer did the same thing in two important articles on Thomason and his collection, but for lack of a follow-up, her insights have been largely ignored. Greenberg also attempted some statistical comparisons of dates of Fortescue's catalogue, Thomason's catalogue, and the Stationers' Registers.Greenberg's study of the Thomason collection grew out of his project of discovering the time lag between the occurrence of an event and its publication in the press. While Greenberg's interest in the collection is welcome, his efforts are misleading, and in some respects, seriously flawed. My purpose here is to clarify the nature of the Thomason collection, which is still surprisingly misunderstood, and to assist other researchers in its most profitable use.
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Greenberg, Stephen J. „The Thomason Collection: Rebuttal to Michael Mendle“. Albion 22, Nr. 1 (1990): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4050259.
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I read with great interest Michael Mendle's critique of my work in dating pamphlets from the English Civil War. Obviously, this is an area where honest men may disagree, particularly since so many of our conclusions rest upon different interpretations of an ambiguous manuscript. Nevertheless, I find that I must begin by saying that Professor Mendle has entirely missed the main purpose of my research, and has therefore misconstrued my methodology.As I wrote in my original article, my chief concern was availability: For example, how soon after an event could a pamphlet be available? How many pamphlets were actually being printed (and when) as opposed to what was being entered in the registers of the Stationers' Company of London? In other words, what could a concerned citizen find for sale at the bookstalls on a given morning?The demands of these questions imposed their own limitations, and pointed to their own solutions. Only two day-by-day lists of publications exist: the Thomason manuscript and the registers of the Stationers' Company. The latter is clearly insufficiently complete for the task at hand. Moreover, it is well-known that entry in the Stationers' Registers is not a guarantee of actual publication. We are left with the Thomason manuscript as a difficult but unique source for the answers that I sought.Exactly when the two existing manuscripts were compiled is an unanswerable question. They may have been compiled, as Professor Mendle suggests, when the collection was nearly complete. They may represent a fair copy of notes that Thomason had been keeping all along. It is inescapable, however, that the manuscripts preserve the order in which Thomason obtained the tracts, and do so with far greater accuracy than either the printed British Museum catalogue or the present bound volumes.
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CORNS, T. N. „Publication and Politics, 1640-1661: An SPSS-based Account of the Thomason Collection of Civil War Tracts“. Literary and Linguistic Computing 1, Nr. 2 (01.04.1986): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/1.2.74.
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Alharaki, Sura, Muhammad Alif Redzuan Abdullah und Syed Nurulakla Bin Syed Abdullah Abdullah. „Comprehension of English Loanwords in Japanese by Japanese and English Speakers“. World Journal of English Language 13, Nr. 5 (24.04.2023): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n5p412.
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This study addresses our understanding of English loanwords in the modern Japanese language. It aims to investigate the two types of English loanwords and made-in-Japan loanwords among Malaysian English speakers and native Japanese. The proposed study utilized a quantitative approach to determine the understanding of two groups of speakers; 60 Japanese speakers in Japan and 60 English speakers in Malaysia. The data collection of this research was completed using two questionnaires. The two questionnaires consist of 14 sentences with these two types of English loanwords selected from Japanese textbooks and other sources. The findings reflected correct responses to the meaning of English loanwords and made-in-Japan loanwords for Japanese speakers. The English speakers showed correct responses for English loanwords, however, they were discrepancies in responses when it comes to made-in-Japan loanwords. This research breaks ground on the issue of the comprehension of English loanwords and made-in-Japan among Native Japanese speakers and Malaysian English speakers. This study incorporates the theory of language contact by Thomason (2001). The contact occurs where the mutual influence of languages happens leading to code-switching, borrowing, and loanwords formed by the social setting and the contact environment. It also employs the theory of language awareness to support second language learning and develop the learner’s comprehension. The significance of the study emphasizes English language learning benefits and the importance of the learners’ understanding of the differences between English loanwords to utilize them in vocabulary building.
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Arnal, William E. „The Rhetoric of Marginality: Apocalypticism, Gnosticism, and Sayings Gospels“. Harvard Theological Review 88, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1995): 471–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816000031722.
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Of a total of twelve parables or similitudes appearing in Q, fully half are paralleled in the CopticGospel of Thomas. The two writings share approximately forty separate sayings. The similarity between these collections extends beyond considerable shared content, however, to embrace a common genre, a common predilection for aphoristic and proverbial forms, a common concern with both practical and speculative wisdom, and a surprising lack of interest in the death and resurrection of Jesus. As the similarities between Q and theGospel of Thomasare necessarily of a literary variety, attempts to explain them have naturally tended to favor documentary hypotheses. This is certainly true of the conservative claim that theGospel of Thomasis dependent for its traditions on the synoptic gospels. The trend toward denying any such dependence, however, has hardly diminished the tendency to explain the two writings' common content, formal features, and theological motifs in terms of essentially literary connections. Helmut Koester, who is largely responsible for the status theGospel of Thomasnow enjoys as an early and valuable document, has argued that, if theGospel of Thomasis not actually dependent on an earlier recension of Q, which it very well may be, it at least shares common sources with it.
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Niebrzydowski, Sue. „Sir Thomas Mostyn and John Lydgate's Th Lyf of Our Lady : a Middle English Devotional Work and Its North Walian Afterlife“. Welsh History Review / Cylchgrawn Hanes Cymru 31, Nr. 1 (01.06.2022): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.16922/whr.31.1.4.
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The library of Sir Thomas Mostyn, second baronet (1651– 92) at Gloddaith Hall (Llandudno), is recognised as the most significant private collection of manuscripts made in Wales. Among Sir Thomas's medieval treasures were manuscripts of English provenance – some written in Middle English – one of which is Sir Thomas's copy of John Lydgate's devotional work, The Lyf of Our Lady. This article examines what the purchase of Lydgate's Lyf reveals about Sir Thomas's principles of acquisition of medieval English manuscripts. Sir Thomas's copy of the Lyf was not the only copy of this work of Marian devotion owned by the Mostyn family. Reading Lydgate's Lyf in conjunction with an early seventeenth-century recusant missal in circulation in the Holywell area suggests an unlooked-for afterlife for John Lydgate's Lyf and the post Reformation devotion of the Mostyn family in the environs of Holywell.
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Petty, Alice. „Luxury and Legitimation: Royal Collecting in Ancient Mesopotamia. Allison Karmel Thomason.“ Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 350 (Mai 2008): 96–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/basor25609270.
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THOMAS, J. HYWEL. „The ‘R. H. A. Plimmer Collection’ at St Thomas's Hospital“. Biochemical Society Transactions 16, Nr. 4 (01.08.1988): 601–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0160601.
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Kaliszuk, Jerzy. „Nieznane średniowieczne zabytki języka niemieckiego z kolekcji Ludwika Zalewskiego w zbiorach Biblioteki Narodowej“. Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi 5 (15.09.2020): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2011.276.
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Among others, the Polish National Library possess a collection (MS 8098 IV) encompassing parchment fragments extracted from bookbindings, which contain German texts. This collection was acquired from the family of the deceased bibliophile from Lublin, Father Ludwik Zalewski. The collection consists of eleven parchment leaves, six of which form three bifolia, the other five being small fragments. The collection is known to historians, chiefly due to two of the bifolia, which contain fragments of an Old Saxon translation of the Psalms (Altsächsiche Psalmen). The rest of the fragments, dated chiefly by the author to the fourteenth century, are also of interest. J. Kaliszuk identifies them as belonging to: Der Welsche Gast by Thomasin von Zerklaere, the Christherre-Chronik and the Livländische Reimchronik. The author also demonstrates that this collection was put together by L. Zalewski, hence there is no possibility of tracing the provenance of individual fragments. The article is supplemented by two appendices, the first with codicological descriptions of the complete collection, and the second containing an edition of the letter from Stanisław Tomkowicz, an art historian from Cracow, to Ludwik Zalewski, written in 1916, concerning the fragments in question.
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Gai, P. L., H. Saka, Y. Tomokiyo und E. D. Boyes. „Introduction: A Symposium in Honor of Professor Sir John Meurig Thomas“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 8, Nr. 1 (Februar 2002): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927602010012.
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This issue is dedicated to Professor Sir John Meurig Thomas for his renowned contributions to electron microscopy in the chemical sciences. It is a collection of peer-reviewed leading articles in electron microscopy, based on the presentations at the Microscopy and Microanalysis (M&M) 2000 symposium, which was held to honor Professor Thomas's exceptional scientific leadership and wide-ranging fundamental contributions in the chemical applications of electron microscopy.
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Maslo, Semir, und Šemso Šarić. „Revision of the genus Piptatherum P. Beauv. (Poaceae) in Bosnia and Herzegovina“. Glasnik Hrvatskog botaničkog društva 9, Nr. 2 (30.11.2022): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46232/glashbod.9.2.1.
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The paper reviews the results of detailed revision of herbarium material of the genus Piptatherum from Poaceae collection kept in the Herbarium of the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina (SARA). Revision of the genus Piptatherum P. Beauv. in Bosnia and Herzegovina is presented, with brief nomenclature citations and the key for identification. The original photographs and distributional map, accompany the synopsis for each taxon: Piptatherum holciforme (M. Bieb.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. holciforme, P. miliaceum (L.) Coss. subsp. miliaceum, P. miliaceum subsp. thomasii (Duby) Freitag and P. virescens (Trin.) Boiss.
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Cvetnić, Sanja. „Dvanaestogodišnji Isus i Marija u suzama prema Kloviću (Thomassinu) i Pavonin Ecce Homo prema Reniju (Van Melaru) na Visovcu“. Peristil 61 (2018): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17685/peristil.61.4.
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Keatinge, R. M. „Exclusion from Resuscitation“. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 82, Nr. 7 (Juli 1989): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107688908200711.
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Resuscitation was attempted for 156 (19.9%) of the 783 cases in St Thomas's Hospital, aged 16 or over, who suffered first cardiac or respiratory arrest of the current admission during the year to 13 April 1987. Seventeen (11%) of the 156 were discharged alive from hospital after resuscitation. All seventeen had been active outside the home before admission, and all except one remained so after discharge. The factors which were associated with exclusion from resuscitation attempts are analysed. Most accorded with known prognostic factors, but resuscitation was attempted for some persons who seemed to have little chance of benefiting from resuscitation attempts. Routine collection, analysis, and dissemination of information on pre-arrest characteristics in relation to their outcome, on which clinicians can base their decision to with-hold resuscitation in the event of an arrest, is recommended.
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Levy, Michelle. „“A Volume of Manuscript Poems &c”: Phillis Wheatley Peters's Lost Book and a Found Proposal“. Eighteenth-Century Life 48, Nr. 1 (01.01.2024): 183–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10951386.
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This essay revisits the history of Phillis Wheatley Peters's “volume of manuscript poems &&.,” a collection of handwritten poems, which her husband, John Peters, advertised for its return in late 1784, just days after her death. Since no second volume of poems was published, and the manuscript has never been recovered, it has been presumed to be and lamented as lost. By taking stock of what is known about PWP's archive at the time of her death and the process of its painstaking recovery, I seek to temper this account of destruction and loss by calling attention to the discoveries of librarians, scholars, and collectors in the nearly two and half centuries since her death. It is in this spirit of continuing and collaborative recovery that this essay contributes new evidence about a final, posthumous proposal for a collection of PWP's poems and letters, printed over a five-week period, in July and August 1791, in Thomas's Massachusetts Spy; Or, the Worcester Gazette, a proposal that provides a clearer picture of PWP's archive as it existed at her death, and that can guide future recovery work.
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Renjithkumar, Chelapurath Radhakrishnan, Kuttanelloor Roshni und Kutty Ranjeet. „Length–weight relations of 14 fish species (Actinopterygii) from the Chalakudy River, Western Ghats, India“. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 51, Nr. 3 (09.09.2021): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aiep.51.e65713.
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Length–weight relations of 14 fish species caught by small-scale fishery from the Chalakudy River of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India were analyzed from April 2018 to March 2019. The following species were studied: Amblypharyngodon microlepis (Bleeker, 1853); Dawkinsia filamentosa (Valenciennes, 1844); Puntius mahecola (Valenciennes, 1844); Osteobrama bakeri (Day, 1873); Labeo dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1842); Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822); Channa striata (Bloch, 1793); Horabagrus brachysoma (Günther, 1864); Mystus armatus (Day, 1865); Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878); Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794); Etroplus suratensis (Bloch, 1790); Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782); Parambassis thomassi (Day, 1870). The main fishing gear that was used in the data collection were gill nets, seine nets, and cast nets. The b values in the LWRs ranged from 2.649 (L. dussumieri) to 3.023 (P. hypophthalmus). This study reports the first LWR reference for five species and new maximum total lengths for five species. The results provide baseline information for the sustainable management and conservation of the studied species.
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Renjithkumar, Chelapurath Radhakrishnan, Kuttanelloor Roshni und Kutty Ranjeet. „Length–weight relations of 14 fish species (Actinopterygii) from the Chalakudy River, Western Ghats, India“. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 51, Nr. 3 (09.09.2021): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aiep.51.65713.
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Length–weight relations of 14 fish species caught by small-scale fishery from the Chalakudy River of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India were analyzed from April 2018 to March 2019. The following species were studied: Amblypharyngodon microlepis (Bleeker, 1853); Dawkinsia filamentosa (Valenciennes, 1844); Puntius mahecola (Valenciennes, 1844); Osteobrama bakeri (Day, 1873); Labeo dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1842); Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822); Channa striata (Bloch, 1793); Horabagrus brachysoma (Günther, 1864); Mystus armatus (Day, 1865); Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878); Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794); Etroplus suratensis (Bloch, 1790); Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782); Parambassis thomassi (Day, 1870). The main fishing gear that was used in the data collection were gill nets, seine nets, and cast nets. The b values in the LWRs ranged from 2.649 (L. dussumieri) to 3.023 (P. hypophthalmus). This study reports the first LWR reference for five species and new maximum total lengths for five species. The results provide baseline information for the sustainable management and conservation of the studied species.
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Thomasen, Laura Søvsø. „Spor fra Ørsted. Tværfaglige forsknings- og formidlingsperspektiver fra Det Kgl. Biblioteks Ørsted-arkiv“. Fund og Forskning i Det Kongelige Biblioteks Samlinger 58 (09.03.2019): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/fof.v58i0.125303.
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Laura Søvsø Thomasen: Tracing Ørsted – Interdisciplinary Research and Dissemination Perspectives from the Royal Danish Library’s Hans Christian Ørsted Archive
2020 marks the 200th anniversary for Hans Christian Ørsted’s discovery of electromagnetism. In connection with the celebration of the bicentennial, the Royal Danish Library will publish online their entire Ørsted archive, which includes a substantial collection of letters to and from Ørsted, a large number of scientific papers on physics, chemistry and mathematics, as well as a plethora of different works on everything from language over politics to aesthetics. With the digitalisation of the archive, the library has created a number of teaching materials available for students in the Danish upper secondary school that showcase the interdisciplinary methods and works by Ørsted but also emphasises the interdisciplinary work required by the students to solve the problem sets. In the article, I explore how the digitalisation of the Ørsted archive opens up for new perspectives both in academic research as well as didactic perspectives in relation to the teaching materials accompanying the archive. In terms of new research perspective, the Ørsted archive showcases how Ørsted not only was interested in a variety of subjects in and around both the natural and cultural sciences, but that he also was truly interdisciplinary himself. Through source material from the archive I show how when approached from the interdisciplinary fields ‘Literature and Science’ and ‘Visual Culture of Science’ that Ørsted integrated both illustrations and literary components to communicate his scientific arguments.
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Phillips, Ruth. „Making Fun of the Museum: Multidisciplinarity, Holism, and 'The Return of Curiosity'“. Museum and Society 17, Nr. 3 (29.11.2019): 316–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v17i3.3216.
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Museums are curious institutions in two senses, one arising from the eccentricities and peculiarities of their histories, and the other from their ongoing desire to display, provoke, and satisfy their visitors' curiosity about the world in which they live. As the critical literature has shown, we can think about Western museums as material deposits of the different forms curiosity has taken in the course of four centuries of European imperial expansion and colonial domination - as sites where the properties of things could be disciplined according to Western knowledge structures and deployed to create a comprehensive picture of the world. Although this consciousness has shaken the foundations of museums and dislodged the collections they hold, their value as places where colonial legacies can be negotiatied and shared concerns addressed remains compelling. Responding to Nicholas Thomas's The Return of Curiosity, to Actor-Network-Theory's insistence on connecting disciplinary knowledges, and to Indigenous reaffirmations of holistic knowledge formation, this article explores a range of recent museum projects that invoke curiosity to transgress the museum's modern disciplinary boundaries.
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Smales, LR. „A revision of the subgenus Labiostrongylus (Labiosimplex) (Nematoda : Cloacinidae) from macropodid marsupials, with descriptions of twelve new species and a key to the species of the subgenus“. Invertebrate Systematics 9, Nr. 2 (1995): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9950181.
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Species of Labiostrongylus are parasitic in the stomachs of macropodid and potoroid marsupials. The subgenus Labiostrongylus (Labiosimplex) is revised in this paper. The species Labiostrongylus (Labiosimplex) australis, L. (Ls.) bancrofti, L. (Ls.) bipapillosus, L. (Ls.) clelandi, L. (Ls.) communis, L. (Ls.) kungi, L. (Ls.) longispicularis, L. (Ls.) petrogale and L. (Ls.) redmondi are redescribed. L. ualabatus is placed as a synonym of L. (Ls.) clelandi. Twelve new species, L. (Ls.) robustus, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) major, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) occidentalis, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) aridus, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) flanneryi, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) thetidis, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) irma, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) thomasae, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) dendrolagi, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) pearsortensis, sp. nov., L. (Ls.) godmani, sp. nov., and L. (Ls.) laterilabellosus, sp. nov., are described. Labiostrongylus spp. 1–4 from Macropus parma and Lagorchestes hirsutus are discussed but not named and a key to the subgenus is given. A list of macropodid and potoroid hosts of species of Labiostrongylus is provided, and an indication of where further host collection is needed to augment taxonomic work on the genus is given.
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Fournier-Plamondon, Anne-Sophie. „Transfert du pouvoir épiscopal“. French Historical Studies 44, Nr. 2 (01.04.2021): 217–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-8806440.
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Précis Cet article porte sur la transmission du pouvoir épiscopal dans la France du dix-septième siècle à partir de la correspondance d'Antoine Godeau (1605–72), évêque de Vence. Ce dernier a envoyé près d'une trentaine de lettres à son successeur potentiel, des lettres qui ont été éditées après la mort de leur auteur. Dans le cadre de cet article, cette correspondance est d'abord étudiée comme pratique d’écriture—la direction spirituelle—et de publication—la mise en recueil. Elle est localisée, en ce sens où ses différents lieux et temps de production et de circulation ont été analysés. Par la suite, son analyse révèle les opérations et les dynamiques par lesquelles un évêque en place transmet le pouvoir à son successeur. Antoine Godeau (1605–72), bishop of Vence, wrote nearly thirty letters to a potential successor to his position, Louis de Thomassin. These letters, published after his death, offer remarkable insight into the transfer of episcopal power in seventeenth-century France. This article focuses first on the epistolary practices associated with spiritual direction and second on the process of collection and publication of the correspondence. Godeau's letters reflect the different places and times of their composition and circulation, and they demonstrate the efforts of a sitting bishop to transfer his power to his successor.
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Sholeh, Anwar, Devy Habibi Muhammad und Ari Susandi. „The Concept of Moral Education The Perspective of Al-Ghazali and Thomas Lickona“. FALASIFA : Jurnal Studi Keislaman 13, Nr. 1 (25.03.2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.62097/falasifa.v13i1.831.
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Morals are a determinant of whether or not a person is good, so that humans are able to adapt to their environment. The moral problem of this era makes moral education as the primary need of education. The study aims to: know the educational concepts of Akhlaq Al Ghozali ,Thomas Lickona and the similarities of difference. This research uses literature. data collection by method of assessment and analysis of data with comparatively transcribed. The results of research that discusses the concept of moral education sourced from Al-Imam Al-Ghazali and Thomas can be concluded including: 1) Moral education Al-Imam Al-Ghazali guided by the Qur'an and Sunnah by using four methods (exemplaryness, habituation, advice and stories) which the focus of the concept of moral education is the sacredness of the soul from all impurities and diseases of the heart so as to become a perfect human being (human being), 2) While Thomas's moral education is based on the family, environment and society as a source of moral education with five methods (understanding, discipleship, habituation, example and punishment) so that intelligent, intelligent and skilled human beings are realized, 3) Both Al Ghazali and Thomas broadly have the same concept of moral education, namely social dimensions, habits and examples.
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Andrew, Donna T. „On Reading Charity Sermons: Eighteenth-Century Anglican Solicitation and Exhortation“. Journal of Ecclesiastical History 43, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1992): 581–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900001974.
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Neither charity nor charity sermons were new to the eighteenth century. Giving to the needy was a long–established feature of Christianity. In his ‘Rule and Exercise of Holy Living’ (1650), an extreme expression of such Christianity, Jeremy Taylor urged good Christians to ‘Give, looking for nothing again, that is, without consideration of future advantages: give to children, to old men, to the unthankful, and the dying, and to those you shall never see again; for else your Alms or courtesie is not charity, but traffick and merchandise.’ By the eighteenth century the City of London already had a tradition of sponsored annual sermons, called ‘spital’ sermons, for its own hospitals, i.e. St Thomas's, Barts, Bethlem, etc. However, as associated charities, charities conceived by, supported and directed by contributors, grew increasingly numerous in the course of that century, charity sermons also increased in number and importance. Associated or joint–stock voluntary charity welcomed its need for ongoing financial support; this, its supporters claimed, would ensure efficiency and accountability. The problem with such support, however, was not only that the charity needed to attract, and continue to attract, large numbers of donors, but also that it needed to convince those donors to repeat their contributions annually. The charity sermon became a central instrument in this process. Thus, usually on the anniversary of the establishment of the charity, the society would invite a prominent or popular clergyman to address present and potential donors, and a collection would be taken afterwards. After one such sermon on 9 July 1762, the governing committee of the Asylum for Orphaned Girls congratulated itself, well pleased with a collection of over £226 ‘and many new subscribers added’.1
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Clements, J. Clancy. „LANGUAGE CREATION AND LANGUAGE CHANGE: CREOLIZATION, DIACHRONY, AND DEVELOPMENT. Michel DeGraff (Ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999. Pp. 586. $65.00 cloth.“ Studies in Second Language Acquisition 24, Nr. 1 (März 2002): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s027226310223106x.
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Editor Michel DeGraff provides us with a thought-provoking collection of studies that address topics involving language acquisition, creole formation, language change, and the connections between the three phenomena. One of the main goals of the volume is to arrive at a better understanding of the interaction between the “extraordinary external factors” surrounding the formation of pidgins and creoles and the “ordinary internal factors” involving U(niversal) G(rammar)–constrained language invention (p. 11), a UG-type repackaging of Thomason's ordinary-processes–extraordinary-results take on language mixture. The underlying theme DeGraff uses to connect the varied contributions is, in fact, UG: “This volume is seeking the right ‘version of universalist influence interpreted as constraints on the formal structure of creoles, in fact of natural language'” (p. 17). In characterizing the processes of pidginization and creolization, DeGraff chooses a narrow definition, that of the plantation situation (p. 2), thus disregarding interethnic pidgins and creoles (e.g., Hiri Motu and Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea) and fort creoles (e.g., many of the Portuguese-based creoles). Although DeGraff does not point this out, he does mention other biases of the book: (a) it focuses only on morphosyntax from a generative UG-like focus; (b) it largely neglects variationist and quantitative approaches; (c) it does not explore the connection between UG and all-purpose cognitive structures (except Newport; see below); and (d) it considers only a subset of creoles that emerged from contact with European colonizers.
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Hayward, M. W. „Diet of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) (Macropodidae:Marsupialia) in the northern jarrah forest of Western Australia“. Wildlife Research 32, Nr. 1 (2005): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr03051.
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The diet of the quokka in the northern jarrah forest of Western Australia was investigated by microscopic examination of faecal pellets of known individuals and comparison with a reference collection of plant epidermal tissue. Twenty-nine plant species were identified from the 97 faecal pellet groups collected from 53 individuals, confirming that the quokka is a browsing herbivore that favours leaves and stems. Of those 29 species, 11 made up over 90% of the diet and five species accounted for 71%. Thomasia species were the most common in the diet and the most preferred; Dampiera hederacea was also preferred and these species, along with Bossiaea aquifolia, Mirbelia dilatata and Agonis linearifolia, were the five most important food items. The seasonal variation in the diet of the quokka, and that between sites, can be attributed to increases in nutrient content associated with fresh growth associated with season or vegetation seral stage after fire. The reduced dietary diversity at sites with younger seral stages (<10 years after fire) and the importance of certain species that are more common in these younger ages explains the cause of the species’ habitat preference for sites with a mosaic of young and old (>25 years after fire) age classes. The relatively short availability of sufficient, high-quality, succulent plants in the seral succession of swamps occupied by quokkas is likely to drive a regular pattern of local extinction and recolonisation.
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Räsänen, Marika. „Ecce novus: Saint Thomas Aquinas and Dominican Identity at the End of the Fourteenth Century“. Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia 31 (31.12.2019): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/acta.7805.
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Thomas Aquinas (1224/25-1274) joined the Order of Preachers around the year 1244 and became one of the most famous friars of this own time. He died in 1274 at the Cistercian monastery of Fossanova where his remains were venerated for almost a hundred years. The Dominicans, who had desired the return of the body of their beloved brother, finally received it by the order of Pope V in 1368. The Pope also ordered that the relics should have been transported (translatio) to Toulouse, where they arrived on 28 January 1369. In this article, I argue that his joining the Order was considered Thomas's first coming, and the transportation of his relics to Toulouse was his second coming to the Order. I will analyse the Office of Translatio (ca.1371) in the historical contexts of the beginning of the Observant reform of the Dominican Order in a period which was extremely unstable regarding both the papacy itself and politics between France and Italy. I will propose that the Office of Translatio inaugurated Thomas as the leader of a new era and the saviour of good Christians in a Christ-like manner. The liturgy of Translatio appears to offer a new interpretation of new apostles, the Dominicans, and the construction of eschatological self-understanding for the Dominican identity.
On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
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Muñoz-Morales, Leonardo, Jessica Solange Fuentealba-Quilodrán und Rubén Muñoz-Rodríguez. „Imaginarios del poemario Cipango de Thomas Harris. Espacios baldíos, represión y violencia en la calle Orompello de Concepción“. Arquitecturas del Sur 42, Nr. 65 (31.01.2024): 104–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07196466.2024.42.065.06.
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This study seeks to present the imaginaries of Orompello Street in Concepción, Chile, described in the poetry book Cipango (1992) by Thomas Harris. To do this, a qualitative interpretive analysis of the collection of poems was carried out through reading cards. It was compared with the historical events that occurred in the place and a semi-structured interview with the author to delve into certain meanings present in the text. The results showed that the urban space and the living present in the story make up a heterotopia transformed into dystopia, located in a timeless context, the product of primordial violence that dates back to the time of the discovery of America and that is reproduced not only by the dictatorship of Pinochet but also by the State in democracy. The inhabitants of this place are immersed in a marginal atmosphere of repression and devastation, transforming the place into a wasteland. These characteristics and events make Orompello Street an uninhabitable place but full of meaning.
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O’Regan, Valerie R. „Policy Representation in Western Democracies. By Warren E. Miller, Roy Pierce, Jacques Thomassen, Richard Herrera, Sören Holmberg, Peter Esaiasson, and Bernhard Wessels. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. 180p. $65.00.“ American Political Science Review 95, Nr. 1 (März 2001): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055401672010.
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Those who study the concept of representation are undoubt- edly familiar with the 1963 study by Warren Miller and Donald Stokes ("Constituency Influence in Congress," Amer- ican Political Science Review 57 [March 1963]: 4556), which had a profound effect on scholars' understanding of the relationship or "congruence" between representatives and constituents. Others (see Sidney Verba and Norman H. Nie, Participation in America: Political Democracy and Social Equality, 1972; Heinz Eulau and Paul D. Karps, "The Puzzle of Representation: Specifying Components of Responsive- ness," in Heinz Eulau and John C. Wahlk, eds., The Politics of Representation, 1978) have made their own distinguished contributions by venturing to conceptualize and measure representation in an effort to further our understanding of the relationship between the representative and the repre- sented. In the same mode, this collection of articles contrib- utes to the study of the mass-elite relationship by providing a variety of approaches, methods, and measures to broaden the literature.
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Pearson, Birger A. „Mystery and Secrecy in the Nag Hammadi Collection and Other Ancient Literature: Ideas and Practices: Studies for Einar Thomasen at Sixty. Edited by Christian H.Bull, Liv IngeborgLied, and John D.Turner. Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies, 76. Leiden: Bril“. Religious Studies Review 38, Nr. 3 (September 2012): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.2012.01624_34.x.
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Klose-Jensen, R., J. Therkildsen, A. B. Blavnsfeldt, B. Langdahl, K. K. Keller und E. M. Hauge. „POS0444 DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF HIGH-RESOLUTION PERIPHERAL QUANTITATIVE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY FOR DETECTING EROSIVE DISEASE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS“. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (19.05.2021): 451–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.519.
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Background:Conventional radiography (CR) of the hands, wrists and feet is currently the gold standard for assessing erosive damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, CR is prone to relatively low resolution and projection superimposition due to 2-dimensional imaging. Therefore, CR might not detect erosive disease in RA patients. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) is an imaging modality with superior resolution (82µm3) to all other imaging modalities in vivo. However, HR-pQCT imaging is limited by a smaller field of view. Therefore, it needs to be illuminated, whether the higher resolution of HR-pQCT imaging is sufficient for diagnosing erosive disease in patients with RA despite the limited field of view.Objectives:The objective was to investigate whether High-Resolution peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-pQCT) of just two metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints can diagnose more patients having erosive RA than conventional radiography (CR) of 44 joints in the hands, wrist and feet.Methods:In this single-centre cross-sectional study. Patients with established RA (disease duration ≥ 5 years) were investigated by HR-pQCT and CR. The second and third MCP joints of the dominant hand were assessed for erosions by HR-pQCT. CR in the hands, wrist and feet were scored according to the Sharp/van der Heijde (SHS) method.Results:Three hundred fifty-four patients were included. By CR, 67 (18.9%) patients were classified with non-erosive RA, and 287 (81.1%) with erosive RA. In the 67 patients with non-erosive RA, 47 patients (70.1%) had erosions in the second and third MCP joints by HR-pQCT (Figure 1). We found an agreement between CR and HR-pQCT for 274 (77.4%) of the patients. The sensitivity and specificity (95%CI) of HR-pQCT for diagnosing erosive RA when CR of hands, wrist and feet were used as the reference was 89% (84 – 92) % and 30% (19 – 42) %, respectively. Using HR-pQCT for two MCP joints as the reference, the sensitivity and specificity of CR of hands, wrist and feet for diagnosing erosive RA were 84% (80 – 88) % and 38% (25 – 52) %, respectively. The McNemar’s χ2 test for diagnosing patients having erosive RA between the two modalities was 2.45, p = 0.146.Conclusion:HR-pQCT imaging identifies erosions which are not seen by CR. Using HR-pQCT at of the second and third MCP joint reclassified a substantial number of patients as having erosive RA compared to their non-erosive state determined by CR. The sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing patients having erosive RA using HR-pQCT from only two fingers were not statistically different from CR of 44 joints, in the hands, wrist and feet.Acknowledgements:The authors, we want to acknowledge Aarhus University, The Danish Rheumatism Association, Novo Nordic Foundation and A.P. Møller Fonden who have financially supported the study. The funding sources did not have any role in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data. The authors are grateful for the excellent assistance in recruiting and scheduling the patients by Mia Marie Remmer, Lone Thomasen and Else Sloth Rousing.Disclosure of Interests:Rasmus Klose-Jensen: None declared, Josephine Therkildsen: None declared, Anne-Birgitte Blavnsfeldt: None declared, Bente Langdahl Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, Amgen, UCB, Gilead, and Gideon-Richter, Grant/research support from: Novo Nordisk and Amgen, Kresten Krarup Keller: None declared, Ellen-Margrethe Hauge Speakers bureau: MSD, Pfizer, UCB, and Sobi., Grant/research support from: Roche, Novartis and Novo Nordic Foundation.
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Yetti, Elindra. „Moving to The Beats: The Effect of Dance Education on Early Self-Regulation“. JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 15, Nr. 2 (30.11.2021): 395–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.152.11.
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Self-regulation in children is an important thing that needs to be prepared from an early age. Besides affecting children's school readiness, this also makes it easier for children to have good academic achievements. This study aims to determine the influence of moving to the beat of early childhood self-regulation. This research was conducted on kindergarten group B students in East Jakarta. The research method used is a quasi-experiment method with a sample of 20 students. The data collection technique uses observations by analysing paired t-test statistical data. The results of the study explained that there was a significant effect of moving to the beat of early childhood self-regulation. The significance level is 0.000 < 0.05, which means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, this indicates a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test. For further research, it is recommended to look at the influence of other factors on early childhood self-regulation.
Keywords: Beats, Early childhood, Moving, Self-Regulation
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Burns, Dylan M. „Christian H. Bull, Liv Ingeborg Lied, and John D. Turner (eds.) Mystery and Secrecy in the Nag Hammadi Collection and Other Ancient Literature: Ideas and Practices. Studies for Einar Thomassen at Sixty (NHMS 76), Leiden: E.J. Brill 2011. xx + 540 pp. ISBN 978-90-04-212077.“ Aries 14, Nr. 1 (01.01.2014): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700593-01401007.
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Kaler, Michael. „Reviews Of Books / Comptes Rendus: Mystery and Secrecy in the Nag Hammadi Collection and Other Ancient Literature: Ideas and Practices. Studies for Einar Thomassen at Sixty Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies 76 Christian Bull, Liv Ingeborg Lied, and John D. Turner, eds Leiden: Brill, 2012. 540 + xx pp.“ Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 41, Nr. 3 (10.08.2012): 490–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429812452084f.
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Ardiansah, Dian, und Agus Satmoko Adi. „Peran LSM ECOTON Dalam Upaya Memperjuangkan Hak Atas Lingkungan Hidup Masyarakat Daerah Aliran Sungai Brantas“. Kajian Moral dan Kewarganegaraan 10, Nr. 3 (03.12.2021): 633–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/kmkn.v10n3.p633-649.
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Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan peran LSM ECOTON dalam upaya memperjuangkan hak atas lingkungan hidup masyarakat daerah aliran sungai Brantas, (2) menjelaskan tantangan yang dialami LSM ECOTON, (3) menggambarkan permasalahan masyarakat daerah aliran sungai Brantas. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Fokus penelitian ini adalah peran LSM ECOTON dalam upaya memperjuangkan hak atas lingkungan hidup masyarakat daerah aliran sungai Brantas, subjeknya adalah pengurus LSM ECOTON dan masyarakat daerah aliran sungai Brantas. Lokasi penelitian ini di Dusun Krajan, Kecamatan Wringinanom, Gresik. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi literatur. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan konsep Miles dan Huberman melalui tahapan yang dimulai dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan mensandingkan pada aspek teori peran Biddle dan Thomas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) peran LSM ECOTON dalam upaya memperjuangkan hak atas lingkungan hidup masyarakat daerah aliran sungai Brantas meliputi program penelitian partisipatif seperti melalui kegiatan biotilik, edukasi kepada masyarakat seperti adanya kegiatan dengan konsep zero waste cities yang menciptakan lingkungan hidup bebas sampah, dan advokasi lingkungan kepada pemerintah dengan melalui aksi protes dan gugatan serta pendampingan, (2) tantangan yang dihadapi adalah kurangnya kesadaran individu tentang lingkungan hidup dan perbedaan pendapat serta kepentingan dengan pemerintah, (3) permasalahan masyarakat daerah aliran sungai Brantas adalah pembuangan sampah plastik, sampah popok, dan pencemaran industri sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan hidup.
Kata Kunci: Peran, LSM ECOTON, dan Hak Atas Lingkungan Hidup
Abstract
This research aims to: (1) describe the role of the ECOTON non-govermental organization in an effort to fight for the Brantas river basin people enviromental rights, (2) explain the challenges faced by the ECOTON non-govermental organization, (3) describe the problems of the Brantas river basin people. The approach used is a qualitative case study design. The focus of this research is the role of ECOTON non-govermental organization in an effort to fight for the Brantas river basin people enviromental rights, the subjects are the administrators of the ECOTON non-govermental organization and the Brantas river basin people. The location of this research is Krajan hamlet, Wringinanom district, Gresik city. The data were analyzed using the concept of Miles and Huberman through steps starting from data collection, data reduction, and drawing conclusions by juxtaposing the aspects of Biddle and Thomas's role theory. The results of the study indicate that: (1) the role of the ECOTON non-govermental organization in an effort to fight for the Brantas river basin people enviromental rights includes participatory research programs such as through biotilic activities, education to the public such as activities with the concept of zero waste cities that create a waste-free environment, and environmental advocacy to the government through protests and lawsuits as well as assistance, (2) the challenges faced are the lack of individual awareness about the environment and differences of opinion and interests with the government, (3) the problems of the people of the Brantas river basin are the disposal of plastic waste, garbage diapers, and industrial pollution causing environmental damage.
Keywords: Role, ECOTON non-govermental organization, and Enviromental Rights
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Reynolds, Frances. „Luxury Goods in the Ancient Near East - Neal H. Walls (ed.). Cult Image and Divine Representation in the Ancient Near East. xviii+116 pages, 57 illustrations. 2005. Boston (MA): American School of Oriental Research; 0-89757-068-5 paperback £15. - Allison Karmel Thomason. Luxury and Legitimation: Royal Collecting in Ancient Mesopotamia. xx+252 pages, 29 illustrations. 2005. Aldershot: Ashgate; 0-7546-0238-9 hardback £55. - Marian H. Feldman. Diplomacy by Design: Luxury Arts and an ‘International Style’ in the Ancient Near East, 1400-1200 BCE. xviii+278 pages, 77 illustrations, 18 colour plates. 2006. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press; 0-226-24044-4 hardback £38 & $60.“ Antiquity 81, Nr. 312 (01.06.2007): 465–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0009534x.
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„APPENDIX I: PRINTED MATERIAL RELATING TO THE CIVIL WAR AND INTERREGNUM“. Camden Fifth Series 39 (15.09.2011): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960116311000042.
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The Hotham family's collection of printed material relating to the civil war and interregnum period is now held in the Hull History Centre. Early English Books Online has been used to identify these tracts with Thomason numbers (in bold), which have been given in preference, although Wing numbers have been cited if the tract is not listed in Thomason. The length of each tract in pages is also given. The collection is listed under 82 items but contains over 400 pamphlets and ordinances; the ordering and numbering here retains those of the archive catalogue. Items 80 to 82 were deposited in the East Riding Record Office on 7 April 1972. A great deal of the collection consists of the paper war that preceded and accompanied the outbreak of war in 1642. This was probably gathered and preserved by the Hothams, anxious to justify their defiance of the king, and to monitor their reputations in print. Items 76 to 79 are four bound volumes of acts and ordinances of the interregnum parliaments, between them containing over 250 items. These may have been collected and bound by or for Durand Hotham to inform his employment as an East Riding justice of the peace during the interregnum. A handful of post-Restoration tracts are appended at the end. For a detailed discussion of this collection, see A.L. Capern, ‘The Hotham family and its papers’, Archives, 23 (1998), pp. 102–103.
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Grzesik, Andrzej, Joonkyung Lee, Bernard Lidický und Jan Volec. „On tripartite common graphs“. Combinatorics, Probability and Computing, 25.05.2022, 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963548322000074.
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Abstract A graph $H$ is common if the number of monochromatic copies of $H$ in a 2-edge-colouring of the complete graph $K_n$ is asymptotically minimised by the random colouring. Burr and Rosta, extending a famous conjecture of Erdős, conjectured that every graph is common. The conjectures of Erdős and of Burr and Rosta were disproved by Thomason and by Sidorenko, respectively, in the late 1980s. Collecting new examples of common graphs had not seen much progress since then, although very recently a few more graphs were verified to be common by the flag algebra method or the recent progress on Sidorenko’s conjecture. Our contribution here is to provide several new classes of tripartite common graphs. The first example is the class of so-called triangle trees, which generalises two theorems by Sidorenko and answers a question of Jagger, Šťovíček, and Thomason from 1996. We also prove that, somewhat surprisingly, given any tree $T$ , there exists a triangle tree such that the graph obtained by adding $T$ as a pendant tree is still common. Furthermore, we show that adding arbitrarily many apex vertices to any connected bipartite graph on at most $5$ vertices yields a common graph.
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Moreno-Gutiérrez, Rosa Martha, S. S. S. Sarma, Alma Socorro Sobrino-Figueroa und S. Nandini. „Population growth potential of rotifers from a high altitude eutrophic waterbody, Madín reservoir (State of Mexico, Mexico): The importance of seasonal sampling“. Journal of Limnology, 27.06.2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2018.1823.
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To understand the population growth potential of different species of rotifers in nature, field collections through seasons are essential. We sampled zooplankton (and measured selected physicochemical variables) from the Madín reservoir, a high altitude eutrophic urban waterbody from Mexico, every month for a year. Qualitative analysis of zooplankton revealed 28 rotifer species and four cladoceran crustaceans plus one unidentified copepod. Cephalodella catellina (1400 ind L-1), Horaella thomassoni (550 ind L-1), Conochilus dossuarius (380 ind L-1) and Filinia longiseta (25 ind L-1) had higher peak density than other rotifers. Based on the concentrations of nitrates and phosphates, chlorophyll a levels or different diversity indices (e.g., Carlson, Shannon-Wiener, Pantle and Buck, Ejsmont-Karabin’s TSIRot), the waterbody is eutrophic to hypertrophic, depending on the season. In this waterbody we observed high densities of Aphanothece sp. which is a toxic picocyanobacterium. During the blooms of Aphanothece, we also recorded higher densities of H. thomassoni and C. catellina. Based on the gut contents we found that both these rotifer species feed on Aphanothece in this waterbody. This study thus suggests the potential growth of Horaella, Cephalodella, Conochilus and Filinia in this eutrophic reservoir containing blooms of Aphanothece.
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Griffiths, Thomas A. „‘ Shout hurrah! ’ New thoughts on the origin and meaning of the bat species name Ia io , created in 1902 by Oldfield Thomas FRS“. Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science, 11.05.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2022.0006.
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In 1902, British naturalist Oldfield Thomas discovered a new species of bat in a collection of specimens sent to him from China. He named the new species Ia io , thereby creating a species name that is four letters in length—the shortest possible name allowed under the rules for naming a new species. In the time since, biologists have wondered why he chose this unusual name and what the name might mean in translation. The most widespread theory on the short name is that he was challenged by an American colleague to deliberately create the shortest species name possible. The question of what the name might mean in translation is more problematic. ‘Ia’ has been thought by most taxonomists to be a meaningless word, but ‘io’ has been suggested to refer to a mythological Greek priestess named Io. Herein, I show that the species name Ia io translates into ‘Shout hurrah!’ and demonstrate that the events in Oldfield Thomas's early professional life gave him an excellent reason for choosing this unusual species name in 1902.
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Zulueta, Joselito. „Co, Alfredo P. ed. Doing Philosophy in the Philippines: The Thomasian Collection. Volume 1. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Publishing House, 2020. pp 493. ISBN 978-971-506-857-4. Volume 2. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Publishing House, 2022. pp. 272. ISBN 978-971-506-904-5. (REVIEWS & NOTICES)“. Philippiniana Sacra 58, Nr. 177 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.55997/3007pslviii177br1.
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Кучеренко, Єгор. „ЛІМІНАЛЬНІСТЬ СУБ’ЄКТА ЯК ВІДКРИТА ПРОБЛЕМА В ПСИХОЛОГІЇ ДОРОСЛОГО“. Науковий часопис НПУ імені М. П. Драгоманова. Серія 12. Психологічні науки, 23.12.2022, 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series12.2022.20(65).05.
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В статті здійснено теоретичне дослідження лімінальності як здатності суб’єкта до порогового самопізнання та самозміни в дорослому віці. На основі порівняльного аналізу наукових джерел встановлено, що в сучасній психології лімінальність досліджено переважно як соціально-культурне явище. Автор зауважує, що в українській психології не розроблено теорію розвитку лімінальності, зокрема, в психології дорослого. Обґрунтовано деякі вихідні положення психосинтетичної концепції лімінальності та етапів розвитку цього явища на рівні особистості (як закономірного процесу) та на рівні суб’єкта (як довільно організованого засобами самотерапії та фахової допомоги). Вихідним є припущення про те, що лімінальність особистості – це перехідний стан порогового самоусвідомлення, який характеризується невизначеністю та дезорієнтацією і спричиняється вичерпним домінуванням різноспрямованих субособистостей: одна з яких – хибно негативна (травмована ідентифікація), а друга – хибно позитивна (захисна ідентифікація). Лімінальні стани мають місце на долімінальному етапі розвитку лімінальності, який збігається з періодом ранньої дорослості і не залежить безпосередньо від зміни соціальних ролей, статусу чи соціально-економічних потрясінь. Ознаками лімінальності особистості є ностальгічні переживання та незадоволена потреба в самоототожненні (парадокс «втрати невтраченого»). Висувається припущення, що лімінальність суб’єкта розвивається на власне лімінальному етапі (в середині життя дорослого) як здатність до порогового самопізнання та самозміни на основі розототожнення з домінуючими субособистостями з метою їх трансформації. На постлімінальному етапі лімінальність може стати новоутворенням, завдяки якому здійснюється подальша трансформація особистості з метою самоототожнення на базі ідеальних моделей. В концепції враховано невротичний тип розвитку лімінальності у разі «застрягання» дорослого на межі долімінального та лімінального етапів, яке супроводжується компенсаторним механізмом захисту – лімінальною паузою.
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Mattheus, Ave. „Tõlkepärl eesti ilukirjanduse algusaegadest – esimene eestikeelne robinsonaad / A Translation Gem from the Beginnings of Estonian Literature - the First Robinsonade“. Methis. Studia humaniora Estonica 12, Nr. 15 (10.01.2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/methis.v12i15.12121.
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Teesid: Artiklis uuritakse Eesti Kirjandusmuuseumis asuvat mahukat, ligi 800 lk tõlkekäsikirja „Norem Robinson“, mida võib pidada esimeseks eesti kirjanduse täiemahuliseks robinsonaadiks. Selle valmistas Pärnu koolmeister Heinrich Gottlieb Lorenzsonn saksa pedagoogi ja koolikirjaniku Joachim Heinrich Campe menukast noorsooromaanist „Robinson der Jüngere“ (1779–1780). Tõlge valmis 1822.–1823. aastal, kuid jõudis trükki alles 1842. aastal tugevasti kärbitud ja mugandatud kujul. Toetudes deskriptiivse tõlkeuurimuse analüüsikategooriatele, vaadeldakse artiklis, millised tegurid tõlkeprotsessi suunasid ja milline oli kultuuriruum, kuhu tõlge omal ajal paigutus.SU M M A R YThis article discusses a voluminous manuscript translation of almost 800 pages entitled Norem Robinson (Engl. Robinson the Younger), from the collections of the Estonian Literary Museum. This manuscript can be considered as the first complete Robinsonade in Estonian literature. Its author is a schoolteacher from Pärnu, Heinrich Gottlieb Lorenzsonn (1803–1847), who translated it from the youth novel Robinson der Jüngere(1779–1780, Engl. Robinson the Younger), a bestseller by the educator, writer and a major representative of German Enlightenment, Heinrich Joachim Campe. Lorenzsonn’s translation was completed in 1822–1823, but not printed until 1842 in a strongly adapted version titled Norema Robinsoni ello ja juhtumised ühhe tühja sare peäl (Engl. The Life and Adventures of Robinson the Younger on a deserted island). The print version of the Robinsonade lacks a pedagogical frame story, where the father tells children about the adventures of Robinson and takes the opportunity to discuss and imitate with children all the actions taken by Robinson the Younger. Due to this and other extirpated parts, the possible target audience was enlarged – besides children and youth, the text was now addressed to adults as well.In accordance with the Descriptive Translation Studies, this article focused on the one hand on the Lorenzsonn's Campe-translation, and on the other hand, on the context of the target culture, arriving at conclusions concerning the factors influencing the translation process. The article uses Gideon Toury’s treatment of translation norms to discuss ideosyncrasies of the participants of the translation process (translator, mentor, censor), as well as the relevance of other norms. First preliminary norms regarding translation policy are analysed. Secondly, initial norms determine whether the translation is oriented to the source text and culture (the goal is adequacy) or to the target text and culture (the goal is acceptance). Thirdly, operational norms direct particular translation decisions. Operational translation norms can be divided further into matricial norms that concern the fullness of the translated text and textual-linguistic norms that concern the questions of grammar, syntax, style etc.The article focuses on the presumed decisions of Heinrich Gottlieb Lorenzsonn and his teacher and mentor, well-known Baltic German Estophile Johann Heinrich Rosenplänter, in the translation process. In addition, the article discusses the educational circumstances in primary schools for peasants in Estonia in the first half of the 19th century and the reading skills of potential Estonian-speaking readers at that time. Clearly, at the beginning of the 19th century, the Estonian-speaking audience was too small and not yet ready for such voluminous, demanding aesthetic and scientific reading materials. The comparative analysis of the translation manuscript and the printed text focuses on the lexical, semantic and grammatical levels, concluding that the manuscript aspires to adequacy with respect to Campe’s Robinsonade, but the printed version appeals to the Estonian-speaking reader and the Estonian cultural context. This can be explained by the fact that the aim of the manuscript was language study, while with the printed book Lorenzsonn wanted to bring the huge translation work from his early years to the literary market.Although both texts are linguistically clumsy, and the printed text has lost value because of the extirpations, it is still a translation gem dating from the very beginnings of Estonian literature, one that has not received sufficient recognition in Estonian literary history. The translation work of Heinrich Gottlieb Lorenzsonn, carried out at a time when the Estonian language was not yet fully developed is also a fact that has not been acknowledged as it well deserves to be. Further, this article undertakes to rectify two misunderstandings of Estonian literary history. First, Lorenzsonn’s Campe-translation is not a chapbook, although Estonian literary history has always defined it as such. It is demanding reading material which aims to enlarge the horizon of the Estonian-speaking reader in fields such as exotic flora and fauna, morals and ethics, and different methods of work, while simultaneously entertaining the reader and offering aesthetic pleasure. The second misunderstanding concerns the fact that the first Robinsonade of Estonian literature is considered to be Weikisi Hanso luggu tühja sare peal, (1839, Engl. A Story of the Little Hans on an deserted island) an adaptation by Johann Thomasson from Gottfried der Einsiedler (1829, Engl. Gottfried, the hermit), a youth story by German Pietist and children’s and youth writer Christoph von Schmid. Even though Thomasson’s Robinsonade, which can without hesitation be defined as a chapbook, was printed a few years earlier than Lorenzsonn’s Campe adaptation, Lorenzsonn accomplished his translation twenty years earlier. Also, in terms of artistic quality and translation techniques, Lorenzsonn’s huge work is on a much higher level than Thomasson’s adaptation.