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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Thomas Szasz“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 25. April 2022

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1

Dodwell, David. "Thomas Szasz." International Psychiatry 11, no. 3 (2014): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600004574.

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2

Stafford, N. "Thomas Szasz." BMJ 345, oct17 1 (2012): e7011-e7011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e7011.

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3

Kerr, Alan. "Thomas Szasz." Psychiatric Bulletin 21, no. 1 (1997): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.21.1.39.

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4

Haldipur, C. V. "Thomas Szasz." Psychiatrist 37, no. 2 (2013): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.112.042358.

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5

Fannon, Dominic. "Thomas Szasz." Psychiatric Bulletin 29, no. 3 (2005): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.29.3.120.

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6

Watts, Geoff. "Thomas Stephen Szasz." Lancet 380, no. 9851 (2012): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61790-5.

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7

Slovenko, Ralph. "On Thomas Szasz." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 30, no. 1 (2002): 119–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318530203000112.

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8

Domaradzki, Jan. "Thomas Szasz: The Uncompromising Rebel and Critic of Psychiatry." Psychiatria Polska 55, no. 4 (2021): 851–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12740/pp/125902.

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9

O'Shea, Brian. "Thomas Stephen Szasz (1920-2012)." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 29, no. 3 (2012): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700017304.

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10

Breeding, John. "Thomas Szasz: Philosopher of Liberty." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 51, no. 1 (2010): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167810373395.

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11

Pies, Ronald W. "The writings of Thomas Szasz." BJPsych Bulletin 41, no. 2 (2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.41.2.120.

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12

Brown, Robin Gordon. "Thomas Szasz, Mental Illness and Psychotherapy." British Journal of Psychotherapy 7, no. 3 (1991): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0118.1991.tb01131.x.

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13

Barker, Phil, and Poppy Buchanan-Barker. "The debt we owe Thomas Szasz." British Journal of Wellbeing 1, no. 1 (2010): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjow.2010.1.1.47708.

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14

BUCHANAN-BARKER, P., and P. BARKER. "The convenient myth of Thomas Szasz." Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 16, no. 1 (2009): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2008.01310.x.

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15

Monini, Antonella. "Thomas S. Szasz, M.D. (1920-2012)." IPNOSI, no. 2 (January 2013): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ipn2012-002009.

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16

Moncrieff, Joanna. "‘Freedom is more important than health’: Thomas Szasz and the problem of paternalism." International Psychiatry 11, no. 2 (2014): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600004392.

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When Thomas Szasz summed up his philosophical principles at the Royal College of Psychiatrists' annual meeting in Edinburgh in 2010, he declared that ‘freedom is more important than health’. Psychiatry is the arena in which the conflict between freedom and health comes most sharply into focus, according to Szasz. This paper proposes some parallels with medicine in low-income countries for pointers towards a resolution of this conflict.

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17

Williams, Arthur R., and Arthur L. Caplan. "Thomas Szasz: rebel with a questionable cause." Lancet 380, no. 9851 (2012): 1378–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61789-9.

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18

Capron, Alexander M. "Thomas Szasz: rebel with a questionable cause." Lancet 381, no. 9862 (2013): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60088-4.

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19

Carey, Timothy A. "Thomas Szasz: rebel with a questionable cause." Lancet 381, no. 9862 (2013): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60089-6.

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20

Kilwein, M. L. "THOMAS SZASZ—A SAMPLING OF HIS THOUGHTS." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 14, no. 5 (1989): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.1989.tb00255.x.

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21

López-Silva, Pablo. "Consideraciones críticas sobre la propuesta de Thomas Szasz. Entre filosofía de la mente, fenomenología y psiquiatría." Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental 17, no. 2 (2014): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-0381v17n2a07.

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El siguiente artículo discute algunos aspectos básicos de la crítica al concepto de 'enfermedad mental' elaborada por Thomas Szasz. El análisis incluye elementos provenientes desde la psiquiatría, fenomenología y filosofía de la mente. Junto con ofrecer conclusiones respecto del aporte de la propuesta de Szasz para los actuales desarrollos críticos de las comprensiones de la psicopatología, también concluimos con algunas notas clasificatorias respecto de la naturaleza interdisciplinaria de la relación entre psiquiatría, fenomenología y filosofía de la mente.

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22

Turner, Trevor. "The legacy – or not – of Dr Thomas Szasz (1920–2012)." International Psychiatry 11, no. 2 (2014): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600004409.

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23

Wyatt, Randall C. "Thomas Szasz: Liberty and the Practice of Psychotherapy." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 44, no. 1 (2004): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167803261611.

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24

Birtchnell, John. "The Myth of Mental Illness: Thomas S. Szasz." British Journal of Psychiatry 155, no. 3 (1989): 425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000178481.

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Thomas Szasz is one of the most disliked names in contemporary psychiatry, and The Myth of Mental Illness is one of the most disapproved of books. It was Szasz's contention that illness can affect only the body and that there can be no such thing as an illness of the mind. He described mental illness as a metaphorical illness, maintaining that one can speak of a 'sick’ mind only in the same way as one can speak of a 'sick’ joke or a 'sick’ economy. He went on to argue that, if there is no mental illness, there can be no treatment for it, and no cure of it. There was, for him therefore, no medical, moral, or legal justification for involuntary psychiatric intervention or hospital admission. Such actions he considered to be crimes against humanity. He believed, after John Stuart Mill, that a man's body and soul are his own and not the state's, and that each individual has the right to do with his body whatever he pleases so long as it does not harm anyone else or infringe anybody else's rights.

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25

Szmukler, George, and Frank Holloway. "Response to Szasz." Psychiatric Bulletin 23, no. 9 (1999): 520–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.23.9.520.

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Thomas Szasz is justifiably famous for his critique of psychiatry. He was instrumental in focusing an important debate on the status of ‘mental illness' and its social implications for which we are all deeply indebted. However times have moved on. Holloway and I seek to cast different “skeletons from the closet” to those of Szasz. We seek to destigmatise mental illness, so it no longer constitutes a secret source of shame or pain to a family or person. We ask that mental illness be treated neither better nor worse than physical illness. Only if a person suffers from mental incapacity, whatever the cause – brain injury, exsanguination, schizophrenia, learning disability, stroke, toxic infection – and it is in that person's ‘best interests', carefully defined, should they be treated against their will. Szasz seems oblivious that every day, many more patients with a physical illness (associated with incapacity) are treated non-consensually than those with mental illness. It is just that we don't draw attention to it, and society accepts it is right. A little bit of homework on his part would have told him that in this country, exactly opposite to his assertion, the law does justify the “medical treatment of incompetent persons, say one who has a stroke or is unconscious as a result of an accident” (if it is in the patient's ‘best interests’). Again, exactly opposite to his claims, in this country no other person can consent on behalf of an incompetent patient. We argue that all patients in this position should have similar safeguards. Mental illness does not automatically confer incapacity, nor does it raise special issues requiring specific mental health legislation. But of course Szasz does not believe mental illness exists.

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26

Rubin, Jeffrey. "Thomas Szasz, William James, and the Psychiatric Drugs Controversy." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 35, no. 1 (1995): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00221678950351003.

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27

Counter, Paul, and Robert Spillane. "On the Legacy of Thomas Szasz: A Reiteration of The Myth of Mental Illness and Response to Recent Criticism." Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 19, no. 3 (2018): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1559-4343.19.3.150.

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In the 50th anniversary issue of The Myth of Mental Illness, Szasz conceded that, conceptually, his argument had been ignored because of the promulgation that mental illnesses are diseases of the brain. Responding to a recent editorial by T. Benning in the British Journal of Psychiatry Bulletin, which is somewhat critical of Szasz’s conceptual arguments, we argue that such criticisms are inaccurate. We highlight how no mental illness stands up to pathological scrutiny, yet treatments can cause iatrogenesis. In addition, we elaborate on how Szasz argued that the false concept of mental illness results in legal fictions. It is therefore important to defend and restate Szasz’s main thesis and conceptual arguments in light of recent criticism.

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Spillane, Robert, and Paul Counter. "Szasz Under Friendly Fire: Damned With Faint Praise." Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 23, no. 1 (2021): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/ehpp-d-20-00022.

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This essay is a critical review of recent collections of articles by friends and colleagues of Thomas Szasz. Apart from the usual misunderstandings and wilful misinterpretations of Szasz's social psychology generally and critique of mental illness specifically, his friends and colleagues add a new dimension to Szaszian criticism by damning him with faint praise. Ignoring his indebtedness to social psychologist, George Herbert Mead, they interpret his work as an ideological defence of libertarianism, rather than as a logical critique of mental illness. A defence is, therefore, especially indicated.

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29

Haskell, Robert E. "Thomas Szasz and Our Right to Drugs: Cracking the Constitution." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 35, no. 1 (1995): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00221678950351004.

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30

Szasz, Thomas. "“Knowing What Ain't So”: R. D. Laing and Thomas Szasz." Psychoanalytic Review 91, no. 3 (2004): 331–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/prev.91.3.331.38304.

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31

Bentall, Richard P., and David Pilgrim. "Thomas Szasz, crazy talk and the myth of mental illness." British Journal of Medical Psychology 66, no. 1 (1993): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01727.x.

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32

Westbrook, Donald A. "“The Enemy of My Enemy Is My Friend”." Nova Religio 20, no. 4 (2017): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2017.20.4.37.

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This article analyzes the history and purpose of the Citizens Commission on Human Rights (CCHR), a group co-founded in 1969 by the Church of Scientology to educate the public on the alleged abuses of psychologists and psychiatrists and advocate for legal reform. Its other founder was Thomas Szasz, a non-Scientologist professionally trained as a psychiatrist who came to disagree with much of his field’s practices and methodologies. Until his death in 2012, Szasz remained supportive of CCHR and its crusade against “coercive psychiatry,” though the atheism, materialism, and libertarianism of his anti-psychiatric worldview remained at odds with Scientology’s anti-psychiatric theology. I examine L. Ron Hubbard’s evolving views on psychiatry and psychology in order to contextualize and outline this theology as it relates to the mission of CCHR as a non-profit organization heavily staffed and supported by Scientologists yet separate from the Church of Scientology International.

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33

Krgovic, Jelena. "Sartrean account of mental health." Theoria, Beograd 60, no. 3 (2017): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo1703017k.

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The anti-psychiatrists in the 1960?s, specifically Thomas Szasz, have claimed that mental illness does not exist. This argument was based on a specific definition of physical disease that, Szasz argued, could not be applied to mental illness. Thus, by problematizing mental illness, the spotlight had turned to physical disease. Since then, philosophers of medicine have proposed definitions applying both to pathophysiological and psychopathological conditions. This paper analyzes prominent naturalist definitions which aim to provide value free accounts of pathological conditions, as well as normative accounts which propose value-laden accounts. The approaches surveyed differ not only in terms of value, but also in terms of their perspective. This perspective concerns whether the concept of health, illness or disease/disorder is emphasized. The emphasis on health or illness is holistic as it looks at the human being as a whole, while focus on disease or disorder is analytic as it considers part functions. I will here argue in favor of holism and will propose a definition of mental health based on Sartre?s existential psychoanalysis of Gustave Flaubert.

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34

CRESSWELL, MARK. "Szasz and His Interlocutors: Reconsidering Thomas Szasz's "Myth of Mental Illness" Thesis." Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 38, no. 1 (2008): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.2008.00359.x.

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35

Azibo, Daudi Ajani ya. "Thomas Szasz on Psychiatric Slavery Vis-à-Vis Restoring the African Personality." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 56, no. 6 (2016): 665–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167815613885.

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36

Leff, Julian. "Comment on crazy talk: Thought disorder or psychiatric arrogance by Thomas Szasz." British Journal of Medical Psychology 66, no. 1 (1993): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01728.x.

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37

Benning, Tony B. "No such thing as mental illness? Critical reflections on the major ideas and legacy of Thomas Szasz." BJPsych Bulletin 40, no. 6 (2016): 292–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.115.053249.

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SummaryEnfant terrible of psychiatry and widely known as one of its most indefatigable as well as iconoclastic critics, Thomas Szasz (1961–2012) had a prolific writing career that extended some 51 years beyond the publication of his first book,The Myth of Mental Illness, in 1961. This editorial identifies and critically discusses three major themes in Szasz's writings: his contention that there is no such thing as mental illness, his contention that individual responsibility is never compromised in those suffering from what is generally considered as mental illness, and his perennial interest in calling attention to the political nature of psychiatric diagnosis.

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38

Kelly, Brendan D., Pat Bracken, Harry Cavendish, et al. "The Myth of Mental Illness: 50 years after publication: What does it mean today?" Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 27, no. 1 (2010): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700000902.

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AbstractIn 1960, Thomas Szasz published The Myth of Mental Illness, arguing that mental illness was a harmful myth without a demonstrated basis in biological pathology and with the potential to damage current conceptions of human responsibility. Szasz's arguments have provoked considerable controversy over the past five decades. This paper marks the 50th anniversary of The Myth of Mental Illness by providing commentaries on its contemporary relevance from the perspectives of a range of stakeholders, including a consultant psychiatrist, psychiatric patient, professor of philosophy and mental health, a specialist registrar in psychiatry, and a lecturer in psychiatry. This paper also includes responses by Professor Thomas Szasz.Szasz's arguments contain echoes of positivism, Cartesian dualism, and Enlightenment philosophy, and point to a genuine complexity at the heart of contemporary psychiatric taxonomy: how is ‘mental illness’ to be defined? And by whom? The basis of Szasz's doubts about the similarities between mental and physical illnesses remain apparent today, but it remains equally apparent that a failure to describe a biological basis for mental illness does not mean there is none (eg. consider the position of epilepsy, prior to the electroencephalogram). Psychiatry would probably be different today if The Myth of Mental Illness had not been written, but possibly not in the ways that Szasz might imagine: does the relentless incarceration of individuals with ‘mental illness’ in the world's prisons represent the logical culmination of Szaszian thought?In response, Professor Szasz emphasises his views that “mental illness” differs fundamentally from physical illness, and that the principal habits the term ‘mental illness’ involves are stigmatisation, deprivation of liberty (civil commitment) and deprivation of the right to trial for alleged criminal conduct (the insanity defence). He links the incarceration of the mentally ill with the policy of de-institutionalisation (which he opposes) and states that, in his view, the only limitation his work imposes on human activities are limitations on practices which are conventionally and conveniently labelled ‘psychiatric abuses’.Clearly, there remains a diversity of views about the merits of Szasz's arguments, but there is little diminution in his ability to provoke an argument.

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39

Spillane, Robert. "Thomas Szasz (1996) The Meaning of Mind: Language, Morality and NeuroscienceWestport, Connecticut: Praeger." Journal of Management & Organization 3, no. 2 (1997): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200005940.

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40

Lomas, Peter. "A RESPONSE TO'DISCRETION AS POWER: IN THE SITUATION CALLED "PSYCHOTHERAPY"' BY THOMAS SZASZ." British Journal of Psychotherapy 15, no. 3 (1999): 370–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0118.1999.tb00462.x.

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41

Schwartz, Michael Alan, and Osborne P. Wiggins. "Psychiatry Fraud and Force? A Commentary on E. Fuller Torrey and Thomas Szasz." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 45, no. 3 (2005): 403–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167805277267.

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42

Wynne, Louis. "My Madness Saved Me: The Madness and Marriage of Virginia Woolf. Thomas Szasz." Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 8, no. 3 (2006): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1559-4343.8.3.271.

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43

Spillane, Robert. "Mental Illness: Fact or Myth? Revisiting the Debate Between Albert Ellis and Thomas Szasz." Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy 36, no. 4 (2018): 343–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10942-018-0290-x.

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44

Bansal, Janaki. "Critical reflections on psychiatry: Could Thomas Szasz still have relevance in modern medical practice?" BJPsych Bulletin 41, no. 2 (2017): 120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.41.2.120a.

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45

Cooper, David B. "The Thomas S. Szasz Award for Outstanding Contributions to the Cause of Civil Liberties." Mental Health and Substance Use 2, no. 1 (2009): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17523280802630251.

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46

Spillane, Robert. "Thomas Szasz (1996) The Meaning of Mind: Language, Morality and Neuroscience Westport, Connecticut: Praeger." Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 3, no. 2 (1997): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.1997.3.2.53.

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47

Dixon, Stephen P., and Michael T. Smith. "Thomas Szasz' “critical reflections on child psychiatry”: An alternative view through a systemic lens." Children and Youth Services Review 7, no. 1 (1985): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0190-7409(85)90039-8.

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48

Luty, Jason. "Psychiatry and the dark side: eugenics, Nazi and Soviet psychiatry." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 20, no. 1 (2014): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.112.010330.

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SummaryPsychiatrist Thomas Szasz fought coercion (compulsory detention) and denied that mental illness existed. Although he was regarded as a maverick, his ideas are much more plausible when one discovers that between 1939 and 1941, up to 100 000 mentally ill people, including 5000 children, were killed in Nazi Germany. In the course of the Nazi regime, over 400 000 forced sterilisations took place, mainly of people with mental illnesses. Other countries, including Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland, had active forced sterilisation programmes and eugenics laws. Similar laws were implemented in the USA, with up to 25 000 forced sterilisations. These atrocities were enabled and facilitated by psychiatrists of the time and are only one example of the dark side of the profession. This article reviews some of these aspects of the history of psychiatry, including Germany's eugenics programme and the former USSR's detention of dissidents under the guise of psychiatric treatment.

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49

Armstrong, David. "Insanity: the idea and its consequences. By Thomas Szasz. New York: John Wiley. 1986. 414 pp. $17.95." British Journal of Psychiatry 151, no. 6 (1987): 878–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000137493.

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50

Govedarica, Milanko. "Realism and anti-realism in the philosophy of psychiatry." Theoria, Beograd 55, no. 2 (2012): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo1202013g.

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This paper invalidates the anti-realist point of view on the existence of mental illness by reviewing the anti-psychiatry challenge to official psychiatry. We present the anti-realist ideas of Thomas Szasz as the most radical anti-psychiatric author followed by the more moderate thoughts of Cooper and Laing. We then present the criticism of all these authors, most notably by the Canadian philosopher of psychiatry L. Reznek. We argue that some forms of schizophrenic experience can be non-pathological and emancipatory, but that this does not negate the existence of schizophrenia as a mental illness. After the invalidation of the anti-psychiatric point of view that insanity is just a political construct, mental illness is defined as not only a biomedical, but also a semiotic reality. Finally, we differentiate the object-level and the meta-level of the problem of anti-realism in psychiatry and conclude that anti-realism is only acceptable on the former level, as a characterization of the lack of reality testing by psychiatric patients.

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