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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Thermal place preference“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Thermal place preference"
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Balayssac, David, Bing Ling, Jérémy Ferrier, Bruno Pereira, Alain Eschalier und Nicolas Authier. „Assessment of thermal sensitivity in rats using the thermal place preference test“. Behavioural Pharmacology 25, Nr. 2 (April 2014): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/fbp.0000000000000026.
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Caporoso, Joel, Mark Moses, Kerryann Koper, Tommy S. Tillman, Lingling Jiang, Nicole Brandon, Qiang Chen, Pei Tang und Yan Xu. „A Thermal Place Preference Test for Discovery of Neuropathic Pain Drugs“. ACS Chemical Neuroscience 11, Nr. 7 (19.03.2020): 1006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00013.
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Mulliner, Emma, Mike Riley und Vida Maliene. „Older People’s Preferences for Housing and Environment Characteristics“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 14 (16.07.2020): 5723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145723.
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Population ageing presents significant challenges for many countries, one of which is the provision of adequate housing. Developing understanding of the needs and preferences of ageing societies will be crucial in order to assist in the provision of suitable housing and communities that are sustainable in the long term. While a preference to ‘age in place’ is clear in the literature, comparatively less academic research is available on older people’s preferences for more specific housing and environment attributes. The aim of this study is to identify the main housing and environment characteristics that are linked to the health and wellbeing of the elderly and determine the preferences for such characteristics via a survey with UK residents aged 55+. The results indicate a strong preference for independent living and an increasing desire for bungalows in later life. Housing conditions, energy efficiency, thermal comfort, and home adaptions to facilitate ageing in place are particularly important housing characteristics to older people. The location and environment are also key drivers of housing preferences; a safe neighbourhood, accessibility to amenities, public transport, and a clean and walkable environment are particularly important. Preferences varied with age, but gender has a less significant impact on the preferences expressed. The findings of this study will be valuable for stakeholders engaged in housing policy and provision for older people.
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Khalilzadeh, Emad, Gholamreza Vafaie Sayah, Hatef Khosravi, Mahdi Dolatyari, Farzin Azarpey und Reza Hazrati. „Evaluation of Cold allodynia by Thermal Place Preference Test Following A Short Term of Treadmill Exercise in Neuropathic Rats“. journal of ilam university of medical sciences 26, Nr. 2 (01.06.2018): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/sjimu.26.2.155.
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Kraft, Vanessa, Katja Schmitz, Annett Wilken-Schmitz, Gerd Geisslinger, Marco Sisignano und Irmgard Tegeder. „Trehalose Reduces Nerve Injury Induced Nociception in Mice but Negatively Affects Alertness“. Nutrients 13, Nr. 9 (25.08.2021): 2953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13092953.
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Trehalose, a sugar from fungi, mimics starvation due to a block of glucose transport and induces Transcription Factor EB- mediated autophagy, likely supported by the upregulation of progranulin. The pro-autophagy effects help to remove pathological proteins and thereby prevent neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Enhancing autophagy also contributes to the resolution of neuropathic pain in mice. Therefore, we here assessed the effects of continuous trehalose administration via drinking water using the mouse Spared Nerve Injury model of neuropathic pain. Trehalose had no effect on drinking, feeding, voluntary wheel running, motor coordination, locomotion, and open field, elevated plus maze, and Barnes Maze behavior, showing that it was well tolerated. However, trehalose reduced nerve injury-evoked nociceptive mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity as compared to vehicle. Trehalose had no effect on calcium currents in primary somatosensory neurons, pointing to central mechanisms of the antinociceptive effects. In IntelliCages, trehalose-treated mice showed reduced activity, in particular, a low frequency of nosepokes, which was associated with a reduced proportion of correct trials and flat learning curves in place preference learning tasks. Mice failed to switch corner preferences and stuck to spontaneously preferred corners. The behavior in IntelliCages is suggestive of sedative effects as a “side effect” of a continuous protracted trehalose treatment, leading to impairment of learning flexibility. Hence, trehalose diet supplements might reduce chronic pain but likely at the expense of alertness.
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Shooshtarian und Rajagopalan. „Perception of Wind in Open Spaces“. Climate 7, Nr. 9 (02.09.2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli7090106.
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Dense urbanization influences the livability of cities. Changes in local meteorological conditions can be adverse for human health and well-being. In urban open spaces, it is widely known that changes in building density and configuration in cities influence wind speed (Va). This influence modifies latent heat flux between the human body and surrounding environment and thereby affecting the thermal comfort conditions in open spaces between buildings. Several studies have demonstrated the significant effect of wind speed on outdoor thermal comfort. Melbourne’s Central Business District (CBD) has recently experienced dense urbanization and this pattern of development has instigated noticeable changes in meteorological conditions. Some evidence has suggested that the patterns of wind flow induce thermal discomfort during cool seasons. Conversely, the wind is most welcomed during warm seasons. This study was conducted to assess outdoor users’ responses to Va in three open spaces of an educational precinct in Melbourne’s CBD. The open spaces studied are different in terms of design and function. Users’ responses and meteorological conditions were examined through a series of field measurements and questionnaire surveys from November 2014 to May 2015. This study used three perceptual scales to analyze participants’ experience of Va during field surveys: “Bedford preference”, “thermal sensation” and “personal acceptability”. Analytical results yielded the wind perceptual comfort thresholds for different seasons as well as the entire study period. The results suggested that in addition to the geometry of the urban open space, the function of place could influence people’s perceptions of Va. The research findings contribute to developing thermally comfortable outdoor environments.
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Levine, J. G., P. Braesicke, N. R. P. Harris und J. A. Pyle. „Seasonal and inter-annual variations in troposphere-to-stratosphere transport from the tropical tropopause layer“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, Nr. 13 (10.07.2008): 3689–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-3689-2008.
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Abstract. In an earlier study of troposphere-to-stratosphere transport (TST) via the tropical tropopause layer (TTL), we found that the vast majority of air parcels undergoing TST from the base of the TTL enter the extratropical lowermost stratosphere quasi-horizontally and show little or no regional preference with regards to origin in the TTL or entry into the stratosphere. We have since repeated the trajectory calculations – originally limited to a single Northern Hemisphere winter period – in a variety of months and years to assess how robust our earlier findings are to change of timing. To first order, we find that the main conclusions hold, irrespective of the season, year and phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We also explore: the distribution of TST between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres; the sensitivity of modelled TST to the definition of the tropopause; and the routes by which air parcels undergo transport exclusively to the stratospheric overworld. Subject to a dynamical definition of the tropopause, we identify a strong bias towards TST in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly during the Northern Hemisphere summer. The thermal tropopause, defined according to the World Meteorological Organization, lies above the dynamical tropopause throughout the extratropics. Inevitably, on switching to the thermal definition, we calculate much less transport across the tropopause, particularly in the subtropics, which could be important with regards to interpretation of processes affecting ozone chemistry in the extratropical lowermost stratosphere (ELS). In contrast to the rather homogeneous nature of TST into the ELS, we find that transport to the overworld takes place from relatively well-defined regions of the TTL, predominantly above the West Pacific and Indonesia, except for an El Niño period in which most transport takes place from regions above the East Pacific and South America.
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Aceto, Mario D., Louis S. Harris, S. Stevens Negus, Matthew L. Banks, Larry D. Hughes, Eyup Akgün und Philip S. Portoghese. „MDAN-21: A Bivalent Opioid Ligand Containing mu-Agonist and Delta-Antagonist Pharmacophores and Its Effects in Rhesus Monkeys“. International Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2012 (29.04.2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/327257.
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MDAN-21, 7′-{2-[(7-{2-[({(5α,6α)-4,5-Epoxy-3,14-dihydroxy-17-methylmorphin-6-yl}-aminocarbonyl)metoxy]-acetylamino}-heptylaminocarbonyl)-methoxy]-acetylamino}-naltrindole, a bivalent opioid ligand containing a mu-opioid receptor agonist (derived from oxymorphone) linked to the delta-opioid receptor antagonist (related to naltrindole) by a spacer of 21 atoms, was reported to have potent analgesic properties in mice. Tolerance, physical dependence, and conditioned place preference were not evident in that species. The finding that bivalent ligands in this series, with spacers 19 atoms or greater, were devoid of tolerance and dependence led to the proposal that MDAN-21 targets heteromeric mu-delta-opioid receptors. The present study focused on its effects in nonhuman primates (Macaca mulatta), a species with a physiology and behavioral repertoire not unlike humans. With regard to opioids, this species usually better predicts clinical outcomes. MDAN-21 substituted for morphine in morphine-dependent monkeys in the remarkably low dose range 0.006–0.032 mg/kg, subcutaneously. Although MDAN-21 failed to produce reliable thermal analgesia in the dose range 0.0032–0.032 mg/kg, intramuscularly, it was active in the same dose range and by the same route of administration, in the capsaicin-induced thermal allodynia assay. The results suggest that MDAN-21 may be useful in the treatment of opioid dependence and allodynia. The data provide additional evidence that opioid withdrawal is associated with sensitized pain.
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Karino, Genta, Aya Senoo, Tetsuya Kunikata, Yoshimasa Kamei, Hideo Yamanouchi, Shun Nakamura, Masanori Shukuya, Ricki J. Colman und Mamiko Koshiba. „Inexpensive Home Infrared Living/Environment Sensor with Regional Thermal Information for Infant Physical and Psychological Development“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 18 (19.09.2020): 6844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186844.
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The use of home-based image sensors for biological and environmental monitoring provides novel insight into health and development but it is difficult to evaluate people during their normal activities in their home. Therefore, we developed a low-cost infrared (IR) technology-based motion, location, temperature and thermal environment detection system that can be used non-invasively for long-term studies in the home environment. We tested this technology along with the associated analysis algorithm to visualize the effects of parental care and thermal environment on developmental state change in a non-human primate model, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). To validate this system, we first compared it to a manual analysis technique and we then assessed the development of circadian rhythms in common marmosets from postnatal day 15–45. The semi-automatically tracked biological indices of locomotion velocity (BV) and body surface temperature (BT) and the potential psychological index of place preference toward the door (BD), showed age-dependent shifts in circadian phase patterns. Although environmental variables appeared to affect circadian rhythm development, principal component analysis and signal superimposing imaging methods revealed a novel phasic pattern of BD-BT correlation day/night switching in animals older than postnatal day 38 (approximately equivalent to one year of age in humans). The origin of this switch was related to earlier development of body temperature (BT) rhythms and alteration of psychological behavior rhythms (BD) around earlier feeding times. We propose that this cost-effective, inclusive sensing and analytic technique has value for understanding developmental care conditions for which continual home non-invasive monitoring would be beneficial and further suggest the potential to adapt this technique for use in humans.
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Sauer, Erin L., Rebecca C. Fuller, Corinne L. Richards-Zawacki, Julia Sonn, Jinelle H. Sperry und Jason R. Rohr. „Variation in individual temperature preferences, not behavioural fever, affects susceptibility to chytridiomycosis in amphibians“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, Nr. 1885 (22.08.2018): 20181111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1111.
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The ability of wildlife populations to mount rapid responses to novel pathogens will be critical for mitigating the impacts of disease outbreaks in a changing climate. Field studies have documented that amphibians preferring warmer temperatures are less likely to be infected with the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis ( Bd ). However, it is unclear whether this phenomenon is driven by behavioural fever or natural variation in thermal preference. Here, we placed frogs in thermal gradients, tested for temperature preferences and measured Bd growth, prevalence, and the survival of infected animals. Although there was significant individual- and species-level variation in temperature preferences, we found no consistent evidence of behavioural fever across five frog species. Interestingly, for species that preferred warmer temperatures, the preferred temperatures of individuals were negatively correlated with Bd growth on hosts, while the opposite correlation was true for species preferring cooler temperatures. Our results suggest that variation in thermal preference, but not behavioural fever, might shape the outcomes of Bd infections for individuals and populations, potentially resulting in selection for individual hosts and host species whose temperature preferences minimize Bd growth and enhance host survival during epidemics.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Thermal place preference"
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Panušková, Kristýna. „Porovnání reflexních a operantních metod při vyšetření efektu léčby u modelu neuropatické bolesti“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446076.
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Pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain is still insufficient. Methylphenidate, a psychostimulant that increases the dopamine and noradrenaline levels, is commonly used for treating ADHD. There have been reports of changes in patients pain thresholds by ADHD patients treated with methylphenidate. The aim of the study is to examine if methylphenidate can affect peripheral neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain has been modelled on laboratory rats by chronic constriction of the ischiatic nerve. The effect of methylphenidate on the evoked pain component was evaluated on control animals and on animals with neuropathic pain using reflex (plantar test, vonFrey test) and operanting test (thermal place preference). The effect of methylphenidate on the spontaneous components of pain was evaluated using the methods of conditioned place preference. This study has proven that methylphenidate in an applicable dose of 1 mg/kg has an antialodynic effect but does not act antinociceptively. This study further confirms that methylphenidate in low doses does not act as attractant and has no effect on spontaneous pain. The last part of the study compares the different methods for pain measurement and comes to the conclusion that the plantar test is not an adequate method for evaluating the effect of analgesics...
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Feduccia, Allison Anne. „Effects of auditory and thermal stimuli on 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurochemical and behavioral responses“. 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/7666.
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The amphetamine derivative, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), is a popular drug often taken by young adults at dance clubs or rave parties. Laser light shows, fast-paced electronic music, and hot crowded dance floors are characteristic of these events, and Ecstasy users report that the acute effects of the drug are potentiated by these stimulatory conditions. However, it remains largely unknown how environmental stimuli impact the neurochemical and physiological effects of MDMA. The aim of the first study presented in this dissertation was to investigate how auditory stimuli (music, white noise, and no additional sound) influence MDMA conditioned place preference (CPP), self-administration, and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) responses. Findings revealed a significant CPP for animals exposed to white noise during MDMA conditioning trials. After self-administration of MDMA (1.5 mg/kg), NAcc DA and 5-HT were highest in rats exposed to music during the test session. The second study aimed to investigate the effects of ambient temperature (23°or 32°C) on long-term MDMA self-administration and neurochemical responses. Results indicated no difference in self-administration or locomotor activity rates for the high versus room temperature groups across sessions. However, MDMA (3.0 mg/kg) administered in high ambient temperature resulted in significantly greater NAcc serotonin release compared to when taken at room temperature, but no differences in dopamine response was determined between the two conditions. Overall, these results indicate that auditory and thermal stimuli can effect MDMA-induced behavioral and neurochemical responses. The last aim tested a novel apparatus and method for use in animal models of drug reinforcement. By combining traditional CPP and self-administration procedures, this approach provided more informative data and circumvented some inherent drawbacks of each method alone. In addition to confirming the ability to produce drug conditioned place preferences after short- and long-term experiments, the long-term version of the procedure revealed a significant positive relationship between lever response rate and CPP magnitude. Therefore, this experimental design can be used to identify subgroups of rats that may vary in sensitivity to drug motivational effects. Further study of these populations may be useful in the development of behavioral and pharmacological therapies for drug addiction.text
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Thermal place preference"
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Yellowhair, Julius, Joshua M. Christian und Clifford K. Ho. „Evaluation of Solar Optical Modeling Tools for Modeling Complex Receiver Geometries“. In ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2014-6620.
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Solar optical modeling tools are valuable for modeling and predicting the performance of solar technology systems. Four optical modeling tools were evaluated using the National Solar Thermal Test Facility heliostat field combined with flat plate receiver geometry as a benchmark. The four optical modeling tools evaluated were DELSOL, HELIOS, SolTrace, and Tonatiuh. All are available for free from their respective developers. DELSOL and HELIOS both use a convolution of the sunshape and optical errors for rapid calculation of flux profiles on the receiver surfaces. SolTrace and Tonatiuh use ray-tracing methods to determine reflected solar rays on the receiver surfaces and construct flux profiles. We found the ray-tracing tools, although slower in computation speed, to be more flexible for modeling complex receiver geometries, whereas DELSOL and HELIOS were limited to standard receiver geometries. We provide an example of using SolTrace for modeling non-conventional receiver geometries. We also list the strengths and deficiencies of the tools to show tool preference depending on the modeling and design needs.
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Ochoa, Jose M., Irene Marincic, Maria G. Alpuche, Sofia Canseco und Ana C. Borbon. „Bioclimatic and Energy Efficiency Considerations for Social Housing: A Case Study in Hot Dry Climate“. In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54552.
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The development of social housing In Mexico during the last decade has been supported by the different levels of government (federal, state, and municipal) in order to assist low-income families. The accelerated construction that takes place in order to address the housing deficit causes a reduction in the quality of design and construction, which is also affected by rising building costs. Environmental comfort conditions inside the dwellings are reduced drastically when houses are constructed without considering climate conditions, especially in hot arid regions. This situation generates uncomfortable thermal conditions for users and high-energy costs due to the unavoidable need of air conditioning. User profiles, architectural program, comfort preferences and guidelines for design and construction of future dwellings in the city of Hermosillo, in northwest Mexico, were determined by surveying beneficiaries of government affordable housing programs. One survey measured the degree of satisfaction of inhabitants in a sample of over 370 households; a second survey sampled 200 households and was aimed at determining aspects of comfort. This paper describes the results of thermal simulations carried out on two housing models. The first model represents the type usually constructed by commercial developers, and the second is a proposal developed by the research team according to guidelines based on the results of the research project described before. This study is a preliminary step in the construction of a physical model for experimental research and demonstration.
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Turner, Trevor B., Ryan F. Schkoda, John R. Wagner und Robert T. Leitner. „Wind Shear Modeling for Wind Turbine Siting Studies“. In ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2009-2696.
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A wind turbine generator offers a green renewable alternative to the traditional fossil and nuclear fuel processes to generate electrical power. Both wind energy technology and wind turbine farm designs remain in demand given the current growth in energy requirements and the public’s preference for clean sources. Simply put, wind energy offers a safe, relatively cost effective solution for global energy production. For example, the energy demand for populated coastal cities encourages offshore farms to fulfill future electrical needs. Similarly, wind turbines may be placed in land-locked regions and power transmitted through electric grids to population centers. Most wind models available to engineers offer superb capabilities for predicting wind velocities on land and far offshore (5 km and greater). However, near shore winds have proven difficult to determine due to surface roughness, thermal stratification, and abrupt displacement height variances. This paper discusses the model comparison of two foremost wind speed prediction tools, AWS Truewinds’ MASS and WindPro’s WAsP. The model comparison is related to measured South Carolina coastal data and suggests AWS Truewind’s MASS wind shear model is the more effective near-shore wind speed prediction tool. In arriving at these results, several areas of future work are discussed.
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Miura, Takahiro, Koji Matsubara, Yoshiyuki Nagai und Atsushi Sakurai. „Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer in Initial Stage of Ribbed Channel“. In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22048.
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Direct numerical simulations were performed for air flows and related heat transfer in a developing region of the ribbed channel, where five ribs were attached to one wall. Three rib pitch-to-height ratios, Pi/H = 7, 4 and 2, were considered. The Reynolds number based on the bulk velocity and the channel width was 4,560. For the same parameters, simulations were also made for periodic fully developed cases. Although the largest rib pitch, Pi/H = 7, was the best choice for a heat transfer enhancement ratio in the fully developed cases, the enhancement ratio was larger for the smaller values of rib pitch, Pi/H = 4 or Pi/H = 2 in the initial region. Preference of smaller rib spacing in the initial region was found to come from: (1) the pressure drop was kept low due to the modest meandering of the stream lines; (2) downstream ribs were placed immediately behind the upstream ribs being exposed to the thin thermal layer; (3) the turbulent heat transport was active because of the fluctuation based on the Kelvin-Helmholtz type instability in Pi/H = 4 though fluctuation was weak in Pi/H = 2. Therefore, flow structures positively contributed the heat transfer enhancement of Pi/H = 4 and 2 in the developing region, and the smaller values of the rib pitch was recommended to be selected in such situations.