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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Theme specific frames"
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Ritchie, L. David, und Mariko Thomas. „A “bright blue ball”, “brushed with clouds” or “parched, scorched, and washed away”?“ Metaphor and the Social World 5, Nr. 1 (10.07.2015): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.5.1.01rit.
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This paper examines President Barack Obama’s use of contrasting metaphors and metaphorical stories to frame the issue of climate change and the associated political controversies in a major policy speech at Georgetown University in 2013. One major theme in the speech contrasted a series of metaphors based on violence and destruction with a series of metaphors based on peace, tranquility, and health, all within an overall framing story about the Apollo 8 astronauts and the picture they took of the Earth from lunar orbit. Another major theme is the contrast between metaphors of passivity or obstruction and metaphors of movement and dynamic activity. Within these two sets of thematic contrasts are more subtle contrasts between metaphors associated with the effects of climate change and metaphors associated with ameliorative actions to counteract climate change. All of these themes are presented in a way that fails to acknowledge — and implicitly discredits — possible alternative frames. This, plus the obstruction / movement contrast, effectively aggravates the frame conflicts that have stymied fruitful discussion of these issues throughout the Obama administration. We close the analysis with some specific recommendations for increasing the potential for empathetic understanding through explicit awareness of the framing effects of language.
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McBride, Stephen, und James Watson. „Reviewing the 2018 OECD Jobs Strategy – anything new under the sun?“ Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 25, Nr. 2 (Mai 2019): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258919838470.
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This article analyses the documents released by the OECD at the end of May 2018 launching a revised Jobs Strategy. The analysis frames the new initiative in the context of the two previous Jobs Strategies of 1994 and 2006. We pose the general question of whether continuity or discontinuity is the prevailing theme, along with a specific question concerning the significance of new themes of job quality and inclusive growth, given the documents’ simultaneous endorsement of the older theme of flexibility-enhancing policies to ensure a labour market functioning without rigidities. Flexibility had been the central feature of previous Jobs Strategies, although there was also a nod in the direction of an alternative route to better employment performance in the 2006 revision. The 2018 documents assert that the new strategy represents a significant departure from the previous iterations. This article provides a critical evaluation of this claim.
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Chean, Kooi-Yau, Lee Gan Goh, Kah-Weng Liew, Chia-Chia Tan, Xin-Ling Choi, Kean-Chye Tan und Siew-Ting Ooi. „Barriers to smoking cessation: a qualitative study from the perspective of primary care in Malaysia“. BMJ Open 9, Nr. 7 (Juli 2019): e025491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025491.
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ObjectivesThis qualitative study aims to construct a model of the barriers to smoking cessation in the primary care setting.DesignIndividual in-depth, semistructured interviews were audio-taped, then verbatim transcribed and translated when necessary. The data were first independently coded and then collectively discussed for emergent themes using the Straussian grounded theory method.Participants and settingFifty-seven current smokers were recruited from a previous smoking related study carried out in a primary care setting in Malaysia. Current smokers with at least one failed quit attempts were included.ResultsA five-theme model emerged from this grounded theory method. (1) Personal and lifestyle factors: participants were unable to resist the temptation to smoke; (2) Nicotine addiction: withdrawal symptoms could not be overcome; (3) Social cultural norms: participants identified accepting cigarettes from friends as a token of friendship to be problematic; (4) Misconception: perception among smokers that ability to quit was solely based on one’s ability to achieve mind control, and perception that stopping smoking will harm the body and (5) Failed assisted smoking cessation: smoking cessation services were not felt to be user-friendly and were poorly understood. The themes were organised into five concentric circles based on time frame: those actionable in the short term (themes 1 and 2) and the long term (themes 3, 4, 5).ConclusionsFive themes of specific beliefs and practices prevented smokers from quitting. Clinicians need to work on these barriers, which can be guided by the recommended time frames to help patients to succeed in smoking cessation.
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Sompallae, Ramakrishna, Stefano Gastaldello, Sebastian Hildebrand, Nikolay Zinin, Gerco Hassink, Kristina Lindsten, Juergen Haas, Bengt Persson und Maria G. Masucci. „Epstein-Barr Virus Encodes Three Bona Fide Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases“. Journal of Virology 82, Nr. 21 (20.08.2008): 10477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01113-08.
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ABSTRACT Manipulation of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is emerging as a common theme in viral pathogenesis. Some viruses have been shown to encode functional homologs of UPS enzymes, suggesting that a systematic identification of these products may provide new insights into virus-host cell interactions. Ubiquitin-specific proteases, collectively known as deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), regulate the activity of the UPS by hydrolyzing ubiquitin peptide or isopeptide bonds. The prediction of viral DUBs based on sequence similarity with known enzymes is hampered by the diversity of viral genomes. In this study sequence alignments, pattern searches, and hidden Markov models were developed for the conserved C- and H-boxes of the known DUB families and used to search the open reading frames (ORFs) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a large gammaherpesvirus that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a broad spectrum of human malignancies of lymphoid and epithelial cell origin. The searches identified a limited number of EBV ORFs that contain putative DUB catalytic domains. DUB activity was confirmed by functional assays and mutation analysis for three high scoring candidates, supporting the usefulness of this bioinformatics approach in predicting distant homologues of cellular enzymes.
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Hirblinger, Andreas T., und Dana M. Landau. „Daring to differ? Strategies of inclusion in peacemaking“. Security Dialogue 51, Nr. 4 (31.01.2020): 305–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010619893227.
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‘Inclusion’ has emerged as a prominent theme in peacemaking. However, its exact meaning remains vague, as do assumptions about the relationship between inclusion and peace. This article seeks to problematize the research, policy and practice of inclusion. Focusing on United Nations (UN) peacemaking, we ask how the object of inclusion has been framed, and based on what strategies and underlying rationales. We do so against the backdrop of emerging debates about an agonistic peace, which suggest that violent antagonistic relationships can be overcome if peace processes enable contestation between adversaries. This requires that peacemakers recognize the constitutive role of difference in political settlements. We identify three distinct strategies for inclusion, with corresponding framings of the included. Firstly, inclusion can be used to build a more legitimate peace; secondly, to empower and protect specific actor groups; and thirdly, to transform the sociopolitical structures that underlie conflict. The first strategy frames the included in open terms that can accommodate a heterogeneity of actors, the second in closed terms pertaining to specific identity traits, and the third in relational terms emerging within a specific social, cultural and political context. In practice, this leads to tensions in the operationalization of inclusion, which are evidence of an inchoate attempt to politicize peace processes. In response, we argue for an approach to relational inclusion that recognizes the power relations from which difference emerges; neither brushing over difference, nor essentializing single identity traits, but rather remaining flexible in navigating a larger web of relationships that require transformation.
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Temmerman, Martina. „Naming and framing in Belgian politics“. Framing 24 (10.12.2010): 120–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.24.06tem.
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This paper describes the way Belgian politicians represented themselves, their parties and the political situation in newspaper interviews in the government formation period of 2007. Interviews with four politicians, both in Dutch and in French, have been analyzed in order to reconstruct the image the politicians convey of themselves and of the political parties they stand for, and to reconstruct the frames they apply to the political situation. A critical linguistic and framing analysis shows how this representation is built up through an interplay of names used to describe oneself, the specific use of the pronouns of the first person plural and consistent metaphors. The paper ties in with the theme of this special issue in that it bridges the gap between construction grammar and linguistic discourse analysis: knowledge of social networks (and their evaluation of utterances) is important for analyzing choices between discourse alternatives by discourse agents (as politicians are).
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Almahallawi, Wesam, und Hasmah Zanuddin. „50 Days of War on Innocent Civilian: Ma’an News Agency Coverage of Israeli and Palestinian Conflict“. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, Nr. 3.21 (08.08.2018): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.21.17204.
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Since the TV broadcasting was established in Arab countries until the 1990s, broadcasting during this specific time was based on a government control model, which derived from the view of broadcasting as an instrument of state advance that must be under the control from government. This kind of TVs, limits the broadcasting to highlight the government issue (1). In these kind of TVs, they focus with the leader’s opinion more than the Palestinian problem. By the way, the theme in Arab media determined to highlight the leader’s opinion who claims the right to speak on behalf of Palestinians. In September 1991, the first private TV in the Arab world was established when MBC went on the air from London. More private TVs followed after that like: Orbit in 1994 and ART in 1995, both based in Italy owned by Saudi businessmen, Future Television and LBC, both Lebanese based in Beirut, in 1995, and Al-Jazeera based in Qatar in 1996. In 2002 the number of the Arab TV stations was expanded to more than 150 TVS as government or privately owned, with capability of reaching the Arab people in any place in the world. This paper focuses on the media coverage of the conflict between two parties Palestine and Israel. The preview studies show that, in a conflict the media has an influential role and has responsibility for increasing violence or contributing to the resolution of conflict and mitigation of violence (2). This study examined 61 news coverage and framing of the Israel and Palestine conflict, known as the 50 days’ war from 8 July – 26 August 2014 by Ma’an News Agency, which delivers news to Ma’an TV (Palestinian satellite television station). A quantitative content analysis was employed to examine the news published during the war using five generic frames developed by (3). Holsti Inter-coder reliability and validity test value is 0.988 or 98% agreement. The results showed that conflict and human-interest frames were significantly visible compared to other frames in Ma’an news coverage. Portrayal of images of civilian killing, children and women killed in their homes and suffrage news coverage, in this war. Responsibility frame stressed on hospitals bombing and embargo of medications which reduced chances for Palestinian of immediate medical help. The economic frame highlighted the economic and financial losses of Palestinians as consequences of 50 days’ war. Most of them lost their income, businesses, agriculture land and homes and became refugees.
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Almahallawi, Wesam, und Hasmah Zanuddin. „50 days of war on innocent civilian: Ma’an news agency coverage of Israeli and Palestinian conflict“. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, Nr. 4.9 (02.10.2018): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.9.20635.
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Since the TV broadcasting was established in Arab countries until the 1990s, broadcasting during this specific time was based on a government control model, which derived from the view of broadcasting as an instrument of state advance that must be under the control from government. This kind of TVs, limits the broadcasting to highlight the government issue (1). In these kind of TVs, they focus with the leader’s opinion more than the Palestinian problem. By the way, the theme in Arab media determined to highlight the leader’s opinion who claims the right to speak on behalf of Palestinians. In September 1991, the first private TV in the Arab world was established when MBC went on the air from London. More private TVs followed after that like: Orbit in 1994 and ART in 1995, both based in Italy owned by Saudi businessmen, Future Television and LBC, both Lebanese based in Beirut, in 1995, and Al-Jazeera based in Qatar in 1996. In 2002 the number of the Arab TV stations was expanded to more than 150 TVS as government or privately owned, with capability of reaching the Arab people in any place in the world. This paper focuses on the media coverage of the conflict between two parties Palestine and Israel. The preview studies show that, in a conflict the media has an influential role and has responsibility for increasing violence or contributing to the resolution of conflict and mitigation of violence (2). This study examined 61 news coverage and framing of the Israel and Palestine conflict, known as the 50 days’ war from 8 July – 26 August 2014 by Ma’an News Agency, which delivers news to Ma’an TV (Palestinian satellite television station). A quantitative content analysis was employed to examine the news published during the war using five generic frames developed by (3). Holsti Inter-coder reliability and validity test value is 0.988 or 98% agreement. The results showed that conflict and human-interest frames were significantly visible compared to other frames in Ma’an news coverage. Portrayal of images of civilian killing, children and women killed in their homes and suffrage news coverage, in this war. Responsibility frame stressed on hospitals bombing and embargo of medications which reduced chances for Palestinian of immediate medical help. The economic frame highlighted the economic and financial losses of Palestinians as consequences of 50 days’ war. Most of them lost their income, businesses, agriculture land and homes and became refugees.
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Keyim, Parhad. „Tourism Collaborative Governance and Rural Community Development in Finland: The Case of Vuonislahti“. Journal of Travel Research 57, Nr. 4 (02.04.2017): 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287517701858.
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Tourism is recognized as a potential development mechanism for peripheral rural communities encountering various changes and challenges. However, a relatively unexplored theme in previous studies is that tourism’s potential benefits to rural communities are affected by rural development policies and practices: specifically, a collaborative governance approach. Based on a case study from Vuonislahti, a peripheral locale in the municipality of Lieksa, Finland, this article frames a community tourism collaborative governance approach. The study suggests that the village community receives limited tourism benefits because of various constraints rooted in the specific socioeconomic and institutional settings of the village and beyond. However, the struggle to formulate a fair and effective community tourism collaborative governance approach may bring positive socioeconomic benefits to the village and to other similarly declining rural communities in Finland and beyond. The approach is conceptually tentative in nature and its theoretical development needs to be complemented with additional research findings from empirical case studies conducted in diverse rural socioeconomic and institutional contexts of countries under different regimes.
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van Brussel, Noor. „Tales of Endings and Beginnings: Cycles of Violence as a Leitmotif in the Narrative Structure of the Bhadrakāḷīmāhātmya“. Religions 11, Nr. 3 (10.03.2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11030119.
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The asura’s demise at the hands of the goddess is a theme frequently revisited in Hindu myth. It is the chronicle of a death foretold. So too is the Bhadrakāḷīmāhātmya, a sixteenth century regional purāṇa from Kerala, that narrates the tale of fierce goddess Bhadrakāḷī and her predestined triumph over asura king Dārika. Violence is ubiquitous in this narrative, which was designed with one goal in mind: glorifying the ultimate act of defeating the asura enemy. In its course the story exhibits many kinds of violence: self-harm, cosmic warfare, murder, etc. This paper argues that (1) violence comes to serve as a structural aspect in the text. Reappearing consistently at key moments in the narrative, violence both frames and structures the goddess’s tale. Yet, it is not only the violent act that dominates, it is its accompaniment by equal acts of regeneration that dictates the flow of the narrative, creating a pulsating course of endings and beginnings; (2) these cycles, that strategically occur throughout the narrative, come to serve as a Leitmotif referring to the cyclic tandem of destruction and regeneration that has dominated post-Vedic Hindu myth in many forms. The pulsating dynamic of death and revival thus becomes a specific narrative design that aims to embed the regional goddess within a grander framework of Time.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Theme specific frames"
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Persson, Alexzandra, und Johanna Villa. „Klimatkrisen och Dagens Nyheter : Hur rapporterar svensk nyhetsmedia om en av vår generations största utmaningar?“ Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447372.
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In October 2020 Peter Wolodarski, the editor-in-chief of the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter (DN), announced that he wanted to improve the news coverage of the climate crisis. The aim of this study is to investigate whether DN has changed their way of reporting on the climate crisis through text and pictures within six months, and if so what those changes are. Framing theory is central in this study as it identifies the usage of generic and theme specific frames in DN’s articles. This is done by comparing all articles in September 2020 and March 2021 that contain the topic “climate crisis” published on their online service. The usage of pictures was also studied for additional context. In order to study this the methods qualitative text analysis and semiotic image analysis were used. To provide results the data then underwent a quantitative analysis as well as qualitative analysis.The findings of the study show that DN has shifted their usage of generic frames, meaning a change in which scale the climate crisis is portrayed, and an increased and widened usage of specific frames in their articles. However, the usage of pictures has not changed notably. In conclusion, does DN in fact seem to have changed their overall reporting on the climate crisis within the studied period. The study contribution is an added understanding of papers reporting on the clime crisis online as well as media’s usage of frames and how those can change in a relatively short period of time.
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Costa, Ivonete Ferreira da. „INTERTEXTUALIZAÇÃO NA OBRA DE MARINA COLASANTI: O TEAR E O TECIDO“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2016. http://tede2.pucgoias.edu.br:8080/handle/tede/3563.
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The text brings the analysis of aspects of the literary discourse as the processes of construction of the scenes and the magical universe, in which the narratives of Marina Colasanti are realized, having as it shows the tales of the works Doze reis e a moca no labirinto do vento (2006): "The woman ramada", Uma ideia toda azul (2006): "Beyond the frame", "Between the leaves of green ó" and "Yarn after yarn". The general and specific objectives are to highlight and distinguish the encompassing and generic scenes present in the narratives, to identify the nature of the verbal sign in its relation to the nonverbal sign, and to analyze intertext resources, paratext, among others, as an artistic procedure. The narrative plans are approached, in which the characters are realized mimically, starting from the initial assumption formulated by Dominique Maingueneau. Non-verbal language is an invitation to read verbal language and vice versa. Both are associated with the signs that are constructed through the textual writing: loom and fabric. They can be seen now either explicitly or implicitly, and put in the service of a power that is realized by the act of reading. Thus, in the narrative text, there are traces of a speech in which the text is staged.
O texto traz a análise de aspectos do discurso literário como os processos de construção das cenas e o universo mágico, em que se realizam as narrativas de Marina Colasanti, tendo como mostra os contos das obras Doze reis e a moca no labirinto do vento (2006): “A mulher ramada”, Uma ideia toda azul (2006): “Além do bastidor”, “Entre as folhas do verde ó” e “Fio após fio”. Os objetivos geral e específicos são destacar e distinguir as cenas englobante e genérica presentes nas narrativas, identificar a natureza do signo verbal na sua relação com o signo não verbal e analisar recursos de intertexto, paratexto, entre outros, como procedimento artístico. Abordam-se os planos narrativos, nos quais se dá a realização dos personagens mimeticamente, partindo do pressuposto inicial formulado por Dominique Maingueneau. A linguagem não verbal é um convite à leitura da linguagem verbal e vice-versa. Ambas se associam aos signos que se constroem por meio da escritura textual: tear e tecido. Elas podem ser vistas ora de modo explícito, ora implícito, e se colocam a serviço de um poder que se realiza pelo ato de leitura. Assim, no texto narrativo, há rastros de um discurso em que o texto é encenado.
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Tunková, Martina. „Městské lázně“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215713.
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Carstens, Christoffel. „Invloed van televisie op die verwestersingsproses by die Swart adolessent“. Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16335.
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Butz, Martin V., und Esther F. Kutter. Multisensory Interactions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198739692.003.0010.
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This chapter shows that multiple sensory information sources can generally be integrated in a similar fashion. However, seeing that different modalities are grounded in different frames of reference, integrations will focus on space or on identities. Body-relative spaces integrate information about the body and the surrounding space in body-relative frames of reference, integrating the available information across modalities in an approximately optimal manner. Simple topological neural population encodings are well-suited to generate estimates about stimulus locations and to map several frames of reference onto each other. Self-organizing neural networks are introduced as the basic computation mechanism that enables the learning of such mappings. Multisensory object recognition, on the other hand, is realized most effectively in an object-specific frame of reference – essentially abstracting away from body-relative frames of reference. Cognitive maps, that is, maps of the environment are learned by connecting locations over space and time. The hippocampus strongly supports the learning of cognitive maps, as it supports the generation of new episodic memories, suggesting a strong relation between these two computational tasks. In conclusion, multisensory integration yields internal predictive structures about spaces and object identities, which are well-suited to plan, decide on, and control environmental interactions.
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Crespo Miguel, Mario. Automatic corpus-based translation of a spanish framenet medical glossary. 2020. Aufl. Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/9788447230051.
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Computational linguistics is the scientific study of language from a computational perspective. It aims is to provide computational models of natural language processing (NLP) and incorporate them into practical applications such as speech synthesis, speech recognition, automatic translation and many others where automatic processing of language is required. The use of good linguistic resources is crucial for the development of computational linguistics systems. Real world applications need resources which systematize the way linguistic information is structured in a certain language. There is a continuous effort to increase the number of linguistic resources available for the linguistic and NLP Community. Most of the existing linguistic resources have been created for English, mainly because most modern approaches to computational lexical semantics emerged in the United States. This situation is changing over time and some of these projects have been subsequently extended to other languages; however, in all cases, much time and effort need to be invested in creating such resources. Because of this, one of the main purposes of this work is to investigate the possibility of extending these resources to other languages such as Spanish. In this work, we introduce some of the most important resources devoted to lexical semantics, such as WordNet or FrameNet, and those focusing on Spanish such as 3LB-LEX or Adesse. Of these, this project focuses on FrameNet. The project aims to document the range of semantic and syntactic combinatory possibilities of words in English. Words are grouped according to the different frames or situations evoked by their meaning. If we focus on a particular topic domain like medicine and we try to describe it in terms of FrameNet, we probably would obtain frames representing it like CURE, formed by words like cure.v, heal.v or palliative.a or MEDICAL CONDITIONS with lexical units such as arthritis.n, asphyxia.n or asthma.n. The purpose of this work is to develop an automatic means of selecting frames from a particular domain and to translate them into Spanish. As we have stated, we will focus on medicine. The selection of the medical frames will be corpus-based, that is, we will extract all the frames that are statistically significant from a representative corpus. We will discuss why using a corpus-based approach is a reliable and unbiased way of dealing with this task. We will present an automatic method for the selection of FrameNet frames and, in order to make sure that the results obtained are coherent, we will contrast them with a previous manual selection or benchmark. Outcomes will be analysed by using the F-score, a measure widely used in this type of applications. We obtained a 0.87 F-score according to our benchmark, which demonstrates the applicability of this type of automatic approaches. The second part of the book is devoted to the translation of this selection into Spanish. The translation will be made using EuroWordNet, a extension of the Princeton WordNet for some European languages. We will explore different ways to link the different units of our medical FrameNet selection to a certain WordNet synset or set of words that have similar meanings. Matching the frame units to a specific synset in EuroWordNet allows us both to translate them into Spanish and to add new terms provided by WordNet into FrameNet. The results show how translation can be done quite accurately (95.6%). We hope this work can add new insight into the field of natural language processing.
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Brown, Andrew, Christopher T. Flinton, Josh Gibson, Brian Grant, Barrie Greiff, Duane Hagen, Stephen Heidel et al. A Relationship Primer for the Workplace. Herausgegeben von Andrew Brown, Christopher T. Flinton, Josh Gibson, Brian Grant, Barrie Greiff, Duane Hagen, Stephen Heidel et al. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190697068.003.0002.
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Psychiatrists must understand the conceptual frames used for within business as these frames interfere with the support of people at work. In seeking to find a common ground, the case is made in this chapter of how these frames undermine seeing the human being and in particular critical relationships at work The credibility cross is explained as a conceptual model for understanding these relationships for the typical manager. Relationships that tie to performance including financial performance and the viability of the organization. The psychological contract is explored as it relates to understanding how the average worker approaches important relationships. The chapter emphasizes how the manager must appreciate and support the workplace relationships to defend against threat of rupture from stresses. These stresses include change and devaluation of people. Ruptures which harm performance. Discussion of the needs of human beings with specific references to the brain demonstrate the costs of disrupted relationships in order to focus both the general manager and the consulting psychiatrist to the challenges.
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Adams, Peter J. Reflecting on the Inevitable. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190945008.001.0001.
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Death studies have, over the past twenty years, witnessed a flourishing of research and scholarship particularly in areas such as dying and bereavement, cultural practices and fear of dying. But, despite its importance, a specific focus on the nature of personal mortality has attracted surprisingly little attention. Reflecting on the Inevitable: Mortality at the Crossroads of Psychology, Philosophy, and Health breaks new ground by bringing together available ideas and research on the meaning of one’s own death. Its content is organized around the question of how an ongoing relationship might be possible when the threat of consciousness coming to an end points to an unthinkable and unspeakable nothingness. The book then argues that, despite this threat, an ongoing relationship with one’s own death is still possible by means of conceptual devices that help shape personal mortality into a relatable object. Four of these devices, or “enabling frames,” are examined: essential structures, passionate suffusion, point-of-transition, and self-generative process. While each frame conceptualizes mortality differently, they share a capacity to move it from unintelligibility to something we can think and speak about, thereby enabling us to maintain an ongoing engagement. The final chapters explore ways in which pursuing a relationship with our own deaths could become a normal and acceptable activity throughout our lives.
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Moon, Jeremy. 3. National and international developments. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199671816.003.0004.
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‘National and international developments’ compares national approaches to corporate social responsibility (CSR), particularly between the USA and Europe, but also within Asia and Africa, and in so doing also identifies factors in the international development of CSR among these and other countries. CSR was first established in the USA, where the concept of specific company level responsibilities emerged both as a management and an academic concept, reflecting related cultural, economic, and political themes. The concept has not been simply exported; rather it has been adapted to different national ethical and regulatory frameworks in which assumptions and systems of responsibility are framed.
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Pinfari, Marco. Terrorists as Monsters. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927875.001.0001.
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This book explores the use of archetypal metaphors of monstrosity in relation to terrorism. It presents two main original arguments, which are influenced by recent studies by leading philosophers and anthropologists on the social and political functions of monstrosity and monster metaphors. The first argument, developed in Part 1, explores the reasons why “terrorists” are sometimes framed as monsters by their audiences. Although this imagery serves the immediate purpose of depicting the “terrorist” as a non- or sub-human “other,” the book examines the recurrence of specific monster types across time and space (from the French Revolution through anarchist and ethnonational terrorism, until the current wave of jihadist terrorism), and concludes that the terrorist-monster is primarily an unmanageable creature and that this characterization is functional to the pursuit of rational political agendas and to securing popular backing for specific types of rule-breaking behavior in counterterrorism. The second, developed in Part 2, is about why “terrorists” might want to portray and present themselves as monsters. In this regard, it argues that the impersonation of the monster prototype (in its entirety or in some of its components) is a tactic that has been rationally pursued by several groups throughout the history of terrorism, as part of the modus operandi of so-called revolutionary terrorism, primarily for increasing their scare power. Part 3 applies these analytical frameworks to other areas of terrorism studies, including the use of monster metaphors by the “terrorists” themselves to frame their enemies and recent trends in counterterrorism.
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Wexler, Mark. High Phi and Ghost Phi. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0083.
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When a moving stimulus is followed by certain transient events, an illusion of very fast motion is perceived, in which a random texture undergoes a slow rotation, but every second most observers perceive a very fast jump in the direction opposite to the preceding or “inducing” rotation. These jumps are illusory: during the perceived jump, every frame is a new, random texture, uncorrelated with the previous textures; the last of these random textures is set to turning once again, and the sequence repeats. Thus there is there is no specific correspondence between the textures before, during, and after the jumps and no motion energy corresponding to the jumps. These illusory jumps are called “high phi.” If the transient is immediately “undone,” a different kind of illusory motion is perceived, called “ghost phi.” This example shows a study of the effects of motion adaptation.
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Ivakhiv, Adrian. Nature. Herausgegeben von Michael Stausberg und Steven Engler. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198729570.013.29.
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Beginning with focused definitions of medicine and religion, this chapter then turns to three themes at the center of the intersection of religion and medicine. It discusses the authority of biomedicine as a dominant frame for medicine (Western scientific medicine, which has drawn on the organizational effectiveness of religious groups in Europe and North America), as well as challenges to this frame from other healing traditions. The author also considers the significance of commodification for both biomedical and spiritual approaches to healing, and examines the significance of colonialism for contests between systems of healing. With the use of specific examples, the chapter focuses on issues of gender, racialization, and embodiment in the politics of the interchange between religion and medicine.
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Whittier, Nancy. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190235994.003.0005.
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Chapter 5, the book’s conclusion, draws comparative theoretical lessons from all three cases. It discusses six features of relationships between frenemies: risks to participants’ reputation; reliance on hybrid or compromise frames or goals; focus on single-issue or specific goals; the importance of emotional and personal narratives; lack of more extensive collaboration or institutionalization of the relationships; and outcomes that depend on the relative power of participants. The chapter discusses implications for ongoing policy regarding sex offenders, sex trafficking, and government surveillance. The paths of activism around the case studies have influenced recent issues of sexual assault, including in the military, in colleges and universities. Feminists have influenced these developments, but not alone. Frenemies, including both feminists and conservatives, continue to be engaged in these issues and to shape their paths.
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Campos, Liliane. ‘Wheels have been set in motion’: Geocentrism and Relativity in Tom Stoppard’s Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427814.003.0012.
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By decentring our reading of Hamlet, Stoppard’s tragicomedy questions the legitimacy of centres and of stable frames of reference. So Liliane Campos examines how Stoppard plays with the physical and cosmological models he finds in Hamlet, particularly those of the wheel and the compass, and gives a new scientific depth to the fear that time is ‘out of joint’. In both his play and his own film adaptation, Stoppard’s rewriting gives a 20th-century twist to these metaphors, through references to relativity, indeterminacy, and the role of the observer. When they refer to the uncontrollable wheels of their fate, his characters no longer describe the destruction of order, but uncertainty about which order is at work, whether heliocentric or geocentric, random or tragic. When they express their loss of bearings, they do so through the thought experiments of modern physics, from Galilean relativity to quantum uncertainty, drawing our attention to shifting frames of reference. Much like Schrödinger’s cat, Stoppard’s Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are both dead and alive. As we observe their predicament, Campos argues, we are placed in the paradoxical position of the observer in 20th-century physics, and constantly reminded that our time-specific relation to the canon inevitably determines our interpretation.
Buchteile zum Thema "Theme specific frames"
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Andreou, Marios, und Simon Petitjean. „An XMG Account of Multiplicity of Meaning in Derivation“. In Language, Cognition, and Mind, 181–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50200-3_9.
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AbstractIn this paper, we tackle the issue of multiplicity of meaning in derivation using Frame Semantics and eXtensible MetaGrammar (XMG). We use corpus extracted data to identify the range of readings -al derivatives exhibit and identify prominent constraints on the types of situations and entities -al targets. These constraints have the form of type constraints and specify which arguments in the frame of the verbal base are compatible with the referential arguments of the derivative. The introduction of these constraints into the semantics of an affix allows one to predict and generate those readings which are possible for a given derivative and, at the same time, rule out those readings which are not possible. Finally, as a proof of concept, we model these constraints using XMG, and check whether the output resulting of this XMG description is consistent with the range of readings observed in the corpus.
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Erlinghagen, Marcel, Andreas Ette, Norbert F. Schneider und Nils Witte. „Between Origin and Destination: German Migrants and the Individual Consequences of Their Global Lives“. In IMISCOE Research Series, 3–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67498-4_1.
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AbstractDuring the twentieth century, international migration was mainly understood as immigration into economically highly developed welfare states. This has changed over the course of recent decades because these countries are meanwhile also understood as important sources of international mobility. Whereas international mobility experiences have potentially far-reaching consequences for social inequalities and life chances, migration studies have only little experience in analysing international migration from those economically highly developed welfare states. This introduction frames the chapters in this volume that contribute to fill this gap by examining the individual consequences of global lives not only as a question of migrants’ integration into receiving societies (destination). Rather, the consequences of international mobility are also studied by comparing migrants with the non-mobile population of the country of origin (origin) and as results of specific trajectories (migration) in individual life courses during the migration process (Destination-Origin-Migration Approach). The introduction also provides an overview of how this approach is utilised by the different chapters of the book, all based on the German Emigration and Remigration Panel Study (GERPS), which provides a comprehensive empirical basis for studying the consequences of international migration along four dimensions of the life course: employment and social mobility, partner and family, wellbeing and health, as well as friends and social integration.
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Nemèth, Balàzs. „Developing active citizenship through adult learning and education. Experiences from an INTALL Winter School Comparative Working Group“. In International and Comparative Studies in Adult and Continuing Education, 67–78. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-155-6.05.
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Active citizenship became a research issue for adult learning and education in 1995 when the Council of Ministers decided to make 1996 the Year of Lifelong Learning. Moreover, the Lisbon programme, in the year 2000, reinforced the relevance of the issue and, along with employability, connected it to lifelong learning. That is why since 2001 comparative adult learning and education researchers have put a specific focus on analysing active citizenship and bridging it to adult learning. For this very reason, a distinguished Comparative Working Group was formed at the 2019 Winter School of the Erasmus+ Intall project—on the one hand, to collect different national/regional and local narratives and understandings of active citizenship and, on the other, to gather examples, good practices, formations of active citi-zens, or trajectories of how to learn for active citizenship as routes and processes of lifelong learning. The same Winter School comparative group tried to analyse the similarities and differences collected in an effort to relate them to existing theoretical frames offered by key authors on the topic, including Baert, Jansen, Jarvis, Johnston, Wildemeeersch, and others. This paper discusses the experiences of the comparative working group and formulates some special conclusions and comments for further actions of comparative studies in adult learning and education.
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Maring, Heather. „A Lord-Retainer Theme“. In Signs That Sing. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813054469.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 discusses an oral-connected idiom whose constitutive motifs employ clusters of concepts rather than specific morphemes or phraseological patterns. By calling the lord-retainer convention a “theme” in the oral-traditional sense, this chapter highlights meaningful features of the theme and the expressive role of metonymic referentiality. The poems discussed use the motifs of the lord-retainer theme to frame the relationship between lords and retainers in different ways. In Battle of Maldon and Beowulf the lord-retainer theme represents the social contract between mortal lords and their retainers, while in Andreas and Genesis A it describes a spiritual contract between Christ and his followers.
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Carter, J. Scott, und Cameron D. Lippard. „Case Study 1: The Gratz and Grutter Supreme Court Cases against the University of Michigan“. In The Death of Affirmative Action?, 115–54. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529201116.003.0005.
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The purpose of this chapter is to understand arguments put forth by these social authorities (individuals and groups) in support and opposition to affirmative action within a prominent debate on affirmative action in higher education admissions. We are particularly interested in advocacy groups that have the ability and resources not afforded to most individuals to lobby the Supreme Court. We used the Gratz v. Bollinger et al. and Grutter v. Bollinger et al. U.S. Supreme Court cases as the site of the first case study. We look at how these entities deployed specific arguments and rhetoric within court documents to frame affirmative action to Supreme Court Justices. In particular, while all frames were considered, we look at two discursive frames prominent in the literature and how they were used by supporters and opponents of the policy: color-blind and threat frames. Findings demonstrate that while supporters often used color-blind arguments (and some threat as well), the opponent briefs were saturated with both color-blind frames.
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Timmerman, Lorna C., und Thalia M. Mulvihill. „Department Chair Perspectives About Contingent Faculty in Higher Education“. In Handbook of Research on Administration, Policy, and Leadership in Higher Education, 440–60. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0672-0.ch017.
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This chapter examined the increasing reliance on contingent faculty in U.S. higher education as an administrative problem ripe for continued investigation. The specific purpose of this inquiry was to gain a better understanding of the impact of employing contingent faculty from the viewpoint of a departmental chair of a medium-sized Midwestern research university who routinely hired many contingent faculty. Within the context of these interviews, the chair discussed various aspects of his leadership style, his experiences and responsibilities in the job, his organizational philosophies, his departmental vision and his concerns related to the changing landscape of higher education. As Bolman and Deal's (2003) four-frames model suggests, effective leaders draw from all four frames to make the best decisions and to come to the most productive solutions. The results of this examination revealed this leader's propensity for leading with the human resource frame and then blending in the remaining frames when thinking and acting on issues related to contingent faculty.
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Schmidt, Holger, Denis Hatebur und Maritta Heisel. „Developing Secure Software Using UML Patterns“. In Handbook of Research on Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering, 32–70. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6359-6.ch002.
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This chapter presents a security engineering process based on UML security problem frames and concretized UML security problem frames. Both kinds of frames constitute patterns for analyzing security problems and associated solution approaches. They are arranged in a pattern system that makes dependencies between them explicit. The authors describe step-by-step how the pattern system can be used to analyze a given security problem and how solution approaches can be found. Then, solution approaches are specified by generic security components and generic security architectures, which constitute architectural patterns. Finally, the generic security components and the generic security architecture that composes them are refined, and the result is a secure software product built from existing and/or tailor-made security components.
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Schmidt, Holger, Denis Hatebur und Maritta Heisel. „Developing Secure Software Using UML Patterns“. In Intelligent Systems, 551–92. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5643-5.ch022.
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This chapter presents a security engineering process based on UML security problem frames and concretized UML security problem frames. Both kinds of frames constitute patterns for analyzing security problems and associated solution approaches. They are arranged in a pattern system that makes dependencies between them explicit. The authors describe step-by-step how the pattern system can be used to analyze a given security problem and how solution approaches can be found. Then, solution approaches are specified by generic security components and generic security architectures, which constitute architectural patterns. Finally, the generic security components and the generic security architecture that composes them are refined, and the result is a secure software product built from existing and/or tailor-made security components.
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Schmidt, Holger, Denis Hatebur und Maritta Heisel. „Developing Secure Software Using UML Patterns“. In Standards and Standardization, 228–64. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8111-8.ch013.
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This chapter presents a security engineering process based on UML security problem frames and concretized UML security problem frames. Both kinds of frames constitute patterns for analyzing security problems and associated solution approaches. They are arranged in a pattern system that makes dependencies between them explicit. The authors describe step-by-step how the pattern system can be used to analyze a given security problem and how solution approaches can be found. Then, solution approaches are specified by generic security components and generic security architectures, which constitute architectural patterns. Finally, the generic security components and the generic security architecture that composes them are refined, and the result is a secure software product built from existing and/or tailor-made security components.
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Burgin, Victor. „The End of the Frame“. In Seeing Degree Zero, 235–56. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474431415.003.0008.
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The chapter continues a decades long engagement by Victor Burgin with the theoretical work of Laura Mulvey as in pertains to cinema theory, panoramic perception, narration, memory and time. The chapter links these issues to how they are addressed and used in Burgin's practice and theoretical writing. The chapter includes Barthes in the discussions of cinematic theory in discussion with photographic theory through artistic practice that foregrounds modes of moving image narrative capacities for theatre and gallery-based spectators. Two kinds of narrative practices emerge, each relevant to spectatorship and viewing situation, as well as art work. The opposition between movement and still, the chapter argues, is not to be reduced to the distinction in narrative theory between 'narrative' and 'image', but is rather a matter of two kinds of narrative structure historically located in two kinds of architectural setting, each presupposing its own specific form of audience behavior.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Theme specific frames"
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Lukačević, Ivan, Tomislav Maleta und Darko Dujmovic. „Behaviour of dual eccentrically braced steel frames with short and long seismic links“. In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1673.
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<p>Dual structures obtained by combining moment resisting frames with innovative bracing systems such as replaceable shear panels or seismic links have significant advantages among conventional solutions. The major advantages of such systems are energy dissipation in the specific locations and re-centring capability which significantly reduces repair costs. On the other hand, design of such systems is driven with specific requirements such as combining different steel grades to ensure elastic behaviour of the flexible part of the system. This paper deals with comparative behaviour analyses of two dual systems combining moment resisting multi-storey frames with eccentric bracing systems. The steel frame consists of three bays with central braced frame and two adjacent moment resisting frames. The bracing system contains either long or short seismic link. Seismic energy dissipation of these systems is completely different. Long seismic links are characterised with a classical plastic hinge in which energy is dissipated through bending while in case of short seismic links seismic energy is dissipated through shear. Multi-linear plastic diagrams for both links have been defined and pushover analyses are performed. The behaviour of the analysed systems based on collapse mechanisms, overstrength ratio, target displacement and possible solutions for re-centring capabilities are discussed. Analysed system with short seismic links despite more complicated modelling and requirements for high strength steel in MRFs, results in higher overstrength ratio regarding the system with long seismic links. It is also far easier to dismantle system with short seismic links, due to the bolted connection of links with the adjacent members.</p>
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Fullerton, Anne M., Thomas C. Fu, David A. Drazen und Don C. Walker. „Analysis Methods for Vessel Generated Spray“. In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-31313.
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The droplet sizes and velocities contained in vessel generated spray are difficult to quantify. This paper describes three different methods to quantify velocity and size distributions from high speed video of spray from a planing boat. These methods include feature tracking, displacement tracking and video inversion. For the feature tracking method, the images were preprocessed using contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization, and then converted to binary images with a specific intensity cutoff level. Image statistics were then generated from this image, including droplet area and effective diameter. These images were processed using commercial PIV software to obtain velocities. For the displacement tracking method, the images were also converted to binary images with a specific intensity cutoff level. Image statistics were again compiled from this binary image. A droplet filter was then applied using a binary erosion image processing technique, where large droplets were removed because the entire droplet may not be in frame, and small droplets were removed because they might not overlap between frames. Droplets were then tracked by comparing the bounding boxes of two droplets between time frames. The video inversion method consisted of the manipulating the original high speed videos from spatial x-y frames in time space to time-y frames in x-space, where the x-axis is longitudinally along the ship and the y axis is vertical to the ship. From this orientation, the speed of the general spray mass could be determined by summing the pixels in time columns for each × frame. Comparisons of droplet size distribution between the feature and displacement tracking method yield qualitatively similar results, with some disagreement likely due to the different threshold levels. The trend of the distribution curve suggests that both methods are unable to resolve the smallest droplet sizes, due to the processing filters applied as well as the field of view of the camera. The three analysis methods compare well in their spray velocity computation, and are also similar to spray speed predictions found in the literature for a given geometry and vessel speed.
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Radulescu, Bogdan Alexandru, und Victorita Radulescu. „Model of Human Actions Recognition Based on 2D Kernel“. In ASME 2021 30th Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2021-65031.
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Abstract Action Recognition is a domain that gains interest along with the development of specific motion capture equipment, hardware and power of processing. Its many applications in domains such as national security and behavior analysis make it even more popular among the scientific community, especially considering the ascending trend of machine learning methods. Nowadays approaches necessary to solve real life problems through human actions recognition became more interesting. To solve this problem are mainly two approaches when attempting to build a classifier, either using RGB images or sensor data, or where possible a combination of these two. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages and domains of utilization in real life problems, solvable through actions recognition. Using RGB input makes it possible to adopt a classifier on almost any infrastructure without specialized equipment, whereas combining video with sensor data provides a higher accuracy, albeit at a higher cost. Neural networks and especially convolutional neural networks are the starting point for human action recognition. By their nature, they can recognize very well spatial and temporal features, making them ideal for RGB images or sequences of RGB images. In the present paper is proposed the convolutional neural network architecture based on 2D kernels. Its structure, along with metrics measuring the performance, advantages and disadvantages are here illustrated. This solution based on 2D convolutions is fast, but has lower performance compared to other known solutions. The main problem when dealing with videos is the context extraction from a sequence of frames. Video classification using 2D Convolutional Layers is realized either by the most significant frame or by frame to frame, applying a probability distribution over the partial classes to obtain the final prediction. To classify actions, especially when differences between them are subtle, and consists of only a small part of the overall image is difficult. When classifying via the key frames, the total accuracy obtained is around 10%. The other approach, classifying each frame individually, proved to be too computationally expensive with negligible gains.
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Gopalan, Balaji, Edwin Malkiel und Joseph Katz. „Diffusion of Slightly Buoyant Droplets in Isotropic Turbulence“. In ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98530.
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We study the diffusion of slightly buoyant droplets in isotropic turbulence using High Speed Digital Holographic PIV. Droplets (Specific Gravity 0.85) are injected in the central portion of an isotropic turbulence facility with weak mean flow. Perpendicular digital inline holograms are recorded in a 37 × 37 × 37 mm3 region of interest using two high speed cameras. Data are recorded at 250 frames per second (2000 frames per second is the maximum possible frame rate). An automated program is developed to obtain two dimensional tracks of the droplets from two orthogonal images and match them to get three dimensional tracks. Cross correlation of droplet images are used for measuring their velocities. The time series are low pass filtered to obtain accurate time history of droplet velocities. Data analysis determines the PDF of velocity and acceleration in three dimensions. The time history also enables us to calculate the three dimensional Lagrangian velocity autocorrelation function for different droplet radii. Integration of these functions gives us the diffusion coefficients. For shorter time scales, when the diffusion need not be Fickian we can use the three dimensional trajectories to calculate the generalized dispersion tensor and measure the time elapsed for diffusion to become Fickian.
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Abd El-Rahman, Mahmoud S., Khalid M. Abd El-Aziz und Sayed M. Metwalli. „A Generalization of the Heuristic Gradient Projection for 2D and 3D Frame Optimization“. In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70560.
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This paper introduces a generalization of the heuristic gradient projection (HGP) method for solving 2D and 3D frames. The main objective is to minimize the frame weight by means of size, topology and shape optimization considering stress constraint activation. HGP can give a specific iterative equation for each element cross section and loading type and consequently reach the optimum solution in a relatively smaller number of iterations compared to general heuristic recursive equations. However, the solution of frames with combined loads applied on the elements might converge slowly or oscillate around the constrained optimum value. Many approaches were investigated for the generalization of the HGP. However, the emphasis was always directed towards axial and bending loads. Although other types of loads may have an effect on the problem, like shear and torsion stresses in shafts or 3D frames. These types of loads are introduced into the optimization problem with more general algorithm. Weighting factors are utilized to give a weight to each stress type applied on each element. This factor is used to change the power of the HGP iterative formula for each element in the frame, which changes the power of the recursive formula according to the contribution of each loading type applied on the element. The proposed technique shows more accurate results in activating the stress constraints than previously developed HGP when dealing with combined loads, and keeps the advantage of the HGP in finding the optimum solution in a relatively small number of structural analyses. In the case studies several sample applications were solved to highlight the robustness of the proposed method.
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Bougacha, Samir, Hongwei Cai, Jeffry Booher und Marshall Newlin. „Rational Analysis for Understanding Skewed Steel Bridge Cross-Frame Behavior“. In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1371.
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<p>The design of skewed I-girder steel bridges is common throughout the country. Such bridges have been fabricated and constructed and have generally performed well. Where issues have been encountered, they were primarily related to bridge construction and, quite often to the torsional behavior of the severely skewed bridge superstructure. Until recently, there have been few analysis and design guidelines available to the structural designer on the construction engineering of the skewed I-girder bridges. AASHTO [1] specifies that the contract documents should state the fit condition for which the cross frames are detailed for I-girder bridges. Recommendations are also provided for the estimation of the cross frame locked-in forces. This paper presents a case study in a fit-up analysis of multi-span skewed I-girder steel bridge using 3D finite element method modeling. Fit-up analysis was carried out to evaluate girder’s web distortions, determine the cross- frames locked-in forces and compare them to the recent AASHTO’s recommendations. The paper should provide designers with a more detailed understanding of a bridge’s behavior in this condition as compared with the more generalized recommendations from AASHTO guidelines.</p>
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Barnett, Ralph L. „Characterization of Task Specific Force Systems and the Rational Selection of A-Frame Ladders“. In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70280.
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Because it is inexpensive, an A-Frame ladder is routinely chosen to perform specific aerial work tasks. Presently, these death defying activities cannot be evaluated a priori using information furnished by ladder manufacturers relative to the resistance of their ladders or by trade organizations who cannot define the reasonably foreseeable load environment for various construction tasks. This paper proposes a methodology for rationally evaluating the safety of A-Frame ladders for specific overhead work tasks. A force-plate, normally used in gait testing, is used to safely support workers engaged in a specific work task. The force-plate output can be used to characterize the loading environment for a menu of important operations such as tuck pointing, painting, installation of lighting fixtures, speakers, and ceiling fans. Using statics, the loading menu may be accessed to simulate the forces applied to any ladder under any user profile. The overturning resistance of A-Frame ladders must be established by testing; static stability calculations are unconservative. When the loading environment associated with the installation of a typical ductwork detail was compared to the resistance of a special duty A-Frame ladder, the applied forces sometimes exceeded its lateral resistance. This is consistent with our field experience involving six death cases of sheet metal workers.
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Degée, Hervé, Yves Duchêne und Benno Hoffmeister. „Performances of moment resisting frames with slender composite sections in low-to-moderate seismic areas“. In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7150.
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The aim of the recently completed European research program Meakado is therefore to study design options with requirements proportioned to the actual seismic context of constructions in areas characterized by a low or moderate seismic hazard, contrary to most researches aiming at maximizing the seismic performances. In this general framework, specific investigations have been carried out regarding typical beam profiles commonly used for multi-bay - multi-storey composite frames. In a first stage, experimental tests on class-3 composite beam-to-column connections were performed. The measurement results were evaluated with regard to the development of the hysteretic behavior with particular emphasis on the degradation. These test results have been used as reference for the calibration and validation of numerical model aiming at extending the scope of the experimental outcomes through appropriate parametric variations regarding the behavior of nodal connections as well as towards the global analysis and behavior of structures made of class 3 and 4 profiles. Numerical investigations of the global performance of composite frames with slender cross-sections are then performed resorting to the numerical model previously calibrated with respect to the experimental tests and additional simulations at node level. Results are compared to the performance of an equivalent frame made of compact steel profiles. Attention is paid to the effects of strength and stiffness degradation due to local buckling. The analysis of the results is specifically focusing on the comparison of the rotation capacity of the slender section with the actual rotation demand imposed by a moderate intensity earthquake. Based on the outcomes of these investigations, practical design recommendations are finally derived for multi-storey, multi-bay moment resisting frames with type b (full composite action) beam-to column connections located in low and moderate seismicity regions.
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Deng, Kangle, Tianyi Fei, Xin Huang und Yuxin Peng. „IRC-GAN: Introspective Recurrent Convolutional GAN for Text-to-video Generation“. In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/307.
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Automatically generating videos according to the given text is a highly challenging task, where visual quality and semantic consistency with captions are two critical issues. In existing methods, when generating a specific frame, the information in those frames generated before is not fully exploited. And an effective way to measure the semantic accordance between videos and captions remains to be established. To address these issues, we present a novel Introspective Recurrent Convolutional GAN (IRC-GAN) approach. First, we propose a recurrent transconvolutional generator, where LSTM cells are integrated with 2D transconvolutional layers. As 2D transconvolutional layers put more emphasis on the details of each frame than 3D ones, our generator takes both the definition of each video frame and temporal coherence across the whole video into consideration, and thus can generate videos with better visual quality. Second, we propose mutual information introspection to semantically align the generated videos to text. Unlike other methods simply judging whether the video and the text match or not, we further take mutual information to concretely measure the semantic consistency. In this way, our model is able to introspect the semantic distance between the generated video and the corresponding text, and try to minimize it to boost the semantic consistency.We conduct experiments on 3 datasets and compare with state-of-the-art methods. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our IRC-GAN to generate plausible videos from given text.
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Ingram, Allan E. „Storage Options and Sizing for Utility Scale Integration of Wind Energy Plants“. In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76181.
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Electric energy storage has been discussed as an option for increasing the marketability of wind energy facilities by reducing output variation. Utility scale wind plants face economic exposure to tariff charges for output variation as well as depending on volatile market prices for success. Wind speed variability and associated changes in wind plant output raise specific challenges to design engineers sizing electric energy storage systems. Evaluation of prospective Wind/Storage applications depends on the characteristics of individual wind plant output and the choice of storage technology. Energy storage options range from traditional lead acid batteries and pumped hydro storage to recently commercialized electrochemical flow battery systems. Selection and sizing of energy storage for wind plants vary with the time frame for each application. Different time frames correspond with the utility definitions of regulation, load shaping and load factoring. Results from a storage system model are presented that differentiate appropriate storage system sizes for these applications.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Theme specific frames"
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Kuznetsov, Victor, Vladislav Litvinenko, Egor Bykov und Vadim Lukin. A program for determining the area of the object entering the IR sensor grid, as well as determining the dynamic characteristics. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/bykov.0415.15042021.
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Currently, to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of objects, quite a large number of devices are used in the form of chronographs, which consist of various optical, thermal and laser sensors. Among the problems of these devices, the following can be distinguished: the lack of recording of the received data; the inaccessibility of taking into account the trajectory of the object flying in the sensor area, as well as taking into consideration the trajectory of the object during the approach to the device frame. The signal received from the infrared sensors is recorded in a separate document in txt format, in the form of a table. When you turn to the document, data is read from the current position of the input data stream in the specified list by an argument in accordance with the given condition. As a result of reading the data, it forms an array that includes N number of columns. The array is constructed in a such way that the first column includes time values, and columns 2...N- the value of voltage . The algorithm uses cycles that perform the function of deleting array rows where there is a fact of exceeding the threshold value in more than two columns, as well as rows where the threshold level was not exceeded. The modified array is converted into two new arrays, each of which includes data from different sensor frames. An array with the coordinates of the centers of the sensor operation zones was created to apply the Pythagorean theorem in three-dimensional space, which is necessary for calculating the exact distance between the zones. The time is determined by the difference in the response of the first and second sensor frames. Knowing the path and time, we are able to calculate the exact speed of the object. For visualization, the oscillograms of each sensor channel were displayed, and a chronograph model was created. The chronograph model highlights in purple the area where the threshold has been exceeded.
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Lambon-Quayefio, Monica P. The Challenges of Child Labour Research: Data Challenges and Opportunities. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Mai 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/acha.2021.006.
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his Rapid Review is an attempt to instigate a broader discussion on child labour by considering the various dimensions and angles associated with the phenomenon beyond the straitjacket definitions provided in most reports. Its objectives are threefold. First, it aims to determine whether re-analysis of existing data sets is likely to yield new insights into the forms, prevalence and drivers of children’s work in agriculture in Ghana. Second, it aims to provide specific guidance on how these re-analyses might be undertaken and framed. And third, it aims to determine whether any of the available data sets might be used to map the number or density of children to the main agro-ecological zones or agricultural systems. In doing this, the review describes the nature of child work in the agricultural sector, highlighting areas that have often been ignored in the literature. The conclusion offers suggestions for future research on child labour based on our renewed understanding of the broad concept of child work.
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Hall, Mark, und Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.
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Roschelle, Jeremy, James Lester und Judi Fusco. AI and the Future of Learning: Expert Panel Report. Digital Promise, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/106.
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This report is based on the discussion that emerged from a convening of a panel of 22 experts in artificial intelligence (AI) and in learning. It introduces three layers that can frame the meaning of AI for educators. First, AI can be seen as “computational intelligence” and capability can be brought to bear on educational challenges as an additional resource to an educator’s abilities and strengths. Second, AI brings specific, exciting new capabilities to computing, including sensing, recognizing patterns, representing knowledge, making and acting on plans, and supporting naturalistic interactions with people. Third, AI can be used as a toolkit to enable us to imagine, study, and discuss futures for learning that don’t exist today. Experts voiced the opinion that the most impactful uses of AI in education have not yet been invented. The report enumerates important strengths and weaknesses of AI, as well as the respective opportunities and barriers to applying AI to learning. Through discussions among experts about these layers, we observed new design concepts for using AI in learning. The panel also made seven recommendations for future research priorities.
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Brown, Yolanda, Twonia Goyer und Maragaret Harvey. Heart Failure 30-Day Readmission Frequency, Rates, and HF Classification. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Dezember 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2020.0002.
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30 Day Hospital Readmission Rates, Frequencies, and Heart Failure Classification for Patients with Heart Failure Background Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and disability worldwide among patients. Both the incidence and the prevalence of heart failure are age dependent and are relatively common in individuals 40 years of age and older. CHF is one of the leading causes of inpatient hospitalization readmission in the United States, with readmission rates remaining above the 20% goal within 30 days. The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services imposes a 3% reimbursement penalty for excessive readmissions including those who are readmitted within 30 days from prior hospitalization for heart failure. Hospitals risk losing millions of dollars due to poor performance. A reduction in CHF readmission rates not only improves healthcare system expenditures, but also patients’ mortality, morbidity, and quality of life. Purpose The purpose of this DNP project is to determine the 30-day hospital readmission rates, frequencies, and heart failure classification for patients with heart failure. Specific aims include comparing computed annual re-admission rates with national average, determine the number of multiple 30-day re-admissions, provide descriptive data for demographic variables, and correlate age and heart failure classification with the number of multiple re-admissions. Methods A retrospective chart review was used to collect hospital admission and study data. The setting occurred in an urban hospital in Memphis, TN. The study was reviewed by the UTHSC Internal Review Board and deemed exempt. The electronic medical records were queried from July 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019 for heart failure ICD-10 codes beginning with the prefix 150 and a report was generated. Data was cleaned such that each patient admitted had only one heart failure ICD-10 code. The total number of heart failure admissions was computed and compared to national average. Using age ranges 40-80, the number of patients re-admitted withing 30 days was computed and descriptive and inferential statistics were computed using Microsoft Excel and R. Results A total of 3524 patients were admitted for heart failure within the six-month time frame. Of those, 297 were re-admitted within 30 days for heart failure exacerbation (8.39%). An annual estimate was computed (16.86%), well below the national average (21%). Of those re-admitted within 30 days, 50 were re-admitted on multiple occasions sequentially, ranging from 2-8 re-admissions. The median age was 60 and 60% male. Due to the skewed distribution (most re-admitted twice), nonparametric statistics were used for correlation. While graphic display of charts suggested a trend for most multiple re-admissions due to diastolic dysfunction and least number due to systolic heart failure, there was no statistically significant correlation between age and number or multiple re-admissions (Spearman rank, p = 0.6208) or number of multiple re-admissions and heart failure classification (Kruskal Wallis, p =0.2553).