Zeitschriftenartikel: „The disposal of mine waste“

1

GASKIN, P. „Disposal of Mine Waste.“ International Journal of the Society of Materials Engineering for Resources 4, Nr. 1 (1996): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5188/ijsmer.4.41.

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2

Oldecop, Luciano, und Germán Rodari. „Unsaturated mine tailings disposal“. Soils and Rocks 44, Nr. 3 (13.08.2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.2021.067421.

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Filtered tailings is the disposal technology that is most likely to yield an unsaturated state of the tailings. Such state has important benefits. A dam to contain the mine wastes is no longer needed, the risk of polluting seepage is minimized, and liquefaction of tailings is prevented. Filtering also allows most of the water mixed with the tailings to be recovered and reused in the process. The resulting material can be handled with traditional soil moving equipment to form a stack, for instance. While the idea is simple, the multiple phenomena involved in the tailings unsaturated disposal make up a complex process. The present work is based on a case study, the Casposo Mine filtered tailings disposal facility, located in the central Andes of Argentina. Throughout ten years of operation, a series of field and laboratory studies have been carried out to characterize the phenomena that intervene in the disposal of filtered tailings. Two stages were studied in detail: air drying upon tailings discharge and tailings compression under the weight of the subsequent lifts of the stack. Flocculant agents were found to have an outstanding influence in the tailings behaviour. Because of the multiple influencing factors, the process outcome (namely, the tailings water content and their void ratio) is highly variable. To deal with such variability, projects must include enough redundancy. In this regard, the case study’s incorporation of waste rock layers interspersed between tailings layers was a successful experience.

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3

Lapakko, K. A. „Subaqueous Disposal of Mine Waste: Laboratory Investigation“. Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1994, Nr. 1 (1994): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr94010270.

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4

WIEDEMANN, H. „Report: Deep mine disposal of hazardous waste“. Waste Management & Research 9, Nr. 1 (Februar 1991): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0734-242x(91)90088-o.

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5

Wickland, Benjamin E., G. Ward Wilson, Dharma Wijewickreme und Bern Klein. „Design and evaluation of mixtures of mine waste rock and tailings“. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 43, Nr. 9 (01.09.2006): 928–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t06-058.

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The technique of mixing mine waste rock and tailings for disposal has the potential to avoid the problems of acid rock drainage and tailings liquefaction. This paper presents a rational basis for the design of mixtures based on particle packing theory and laboratory investigations. Mixtures were conceptualized using a particle model that allows mixture design and interpretation of behaviour. Laboratory investigations included examination of tailings rheology, mixture trials, and compressibility testing of waste rock, tailings, and mixtures of waste rock and tailings. Results indicate that mixture design governs mixture structure, and consequently also compressibility behaviour. A method is presented to predict mixture compressibility from mixture ratio and the properties of the parent waste rock and tailings. The study provides theory for the design and evaluation of mixtures as a mine waste disposal technique and demonstrates that the design of geotechnical properties is possible for homogeneous mixtures of mine wastes at the laboratory scale.Key words: co-disposal, particle packing, rheology, compressibility, waste rock, tailings.

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Brierley, Corale L. „Mine waste management“. Waste Management 13, Nr. 4 (Januar 1993): 359–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-053x(93)90068-8.

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7

Brunskill, Gregg. „Mine Waste Disposal in the Ocean: An Introduction“. Oceanography 25, Nr. 2 (01.06.2012): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.52.

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8

Kutepov, Yuriy, Aleksandr Mironov, Maksim Sablin und Elena Borger. „Substantiation of Safe Conditions During Undermining of Hydraulic Waste Disposal“. E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184101007.

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This article considers mining and geological conditions of the site “Blagodatny” of the mine named after A.D. Ruban located underneaththe old open pit coal mine and the hydraulic-mine dump. The potentially dangerous zones in the undermined rock mass have been identified based onthe conditions of formation of water inflow into mine workings. Safe depthof coal seams mining has been calculated depending on the type of water body – the hydraulic-mine dump.

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Huang, Wen Zhang, und Ning Lu. „Study on Procedure Toxicity and Harmless Disposal of Manganese Mine Tailing Slag“. Advanced Materials Research 414 (Dezember 2011): 312–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.414.312.

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Manganese mine slag was the salvage in the course of manganese producing. Many matters shall be extracted by rain eluviation and then turn into the water and soil to pollute environment. The water content and extraction procedure toxicity of the manganese waste residue were studied. Combining solidification additive was used to process the manganese waste residue for the harmless disposal. The results showed that the contents of Manganese、Zinc、Chromium and Cadmium in the manganese waste slag exceeded the maximum of the Chinese Identification standard for hazardous wastes. The extraction procedure toxicity was effectively decreased by the harmless disposal when the proportion of cement and manganese in the whole mine slag was 60%, and the content of heavy metals in the leaching solution were under the standard. Hence, the method of cement solidification could control the pollution to the environment effectively.

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Wickland, Benjamin E., und G. Ward Wilson. „Self-weight consolidation of mixtures of mine waste rock and tailings“. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, Nr. 2 (01.04.2005): 327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-108.

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Mixtures of waste rock and tailings are compared with unmixed waste rock and tailings in a column study of self weight consolidation. Standard practice for surface mine waste disposal produces the two individual waste streams of waste rock and tailings. Waste rock dumps offer high strength and low compressibility characteristics but are prone to oxidation and metal leaching because of their high permeability and unsaturated conditions. Tailings deposits typically have low permeability and slow time rate consolidation properties but also have end land use issues and long term stability problems related to shear strength. Three mixtures of waste rock and tailings were loaded into columns and monitored for settlement, drainage, and pore-water pressure response for 100 days. A fourth column was built with waste rock only as a control. Mixtures with approximately 5:1 waste rock to tailings by dry mass were found to have a hydraulic conductivity similar to tailings alone and total settlements similar to waste rock alone. Mixture materials also remained saturated during the 100 day test. Results indicate that mixing waste rock and tailings for disposal is a promising idea that may help eliminate problems arising from current practices in mine waste disposal.Key words: co-disposal, hydraulic conductivity, self weight consolidation, tailings, waste rock.

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Buravchuk, N. I., und O. V. Guryanova. „Research and Application of Materials from Burnt Breeds of Mine Dumps for Producing Mineral Origin Fillers“. Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, Nr. 10 (14.10.2020): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-10-26-32.

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Researches of burnt rocks of mine dumps of some mines of the Rostov region are carried out. The technological scheme of the existing complex for processing the rocks of the mine dump is considered. The quality indicators of crushed stone of various fractions and screenings of crushing from burnt rocks are given. The benefits of these placeholders are noted. Such aggregates are primarily suitable for road construction. Disposal of mine dump rocks will allow replenishing the construction industry with new building materials, freeing land from dumps, and improving the environmental situation in the waste disposal areas.

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Kray, Claudio Henrique, Marino José Tedesco, Carlos Alberto Bissani, Clesio Gianello und Kelly Justin da Silva. „Tannery and coal mining waste disposal on soil“. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 32, spe (Dezember 2008): 2877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832008000700035.

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Tannery residues and coal mine waste are heavily polluting sources in Brazil, mainly in the Southern States of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. In order to study the effects of residues of chrome leather tanning (sludge and leather shavings) and coal waste on soybean and maize crops, a field experiment is in progress since 1996, at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Experimental Station, county of Eldorado do Sul, Brazil. The residues were applied twice (growing seasons 1996/97 and 1999/00). The amounts of tannery residues were applied according to their neutralizing value, at rates of up to 86.8 t ha-1, supplying from 671 to 1.342 kg ha-1 Cr(III); coal waste was applied at a total rate of 164 t ha-1. Crop yield and dry matter production were evaluated, as well as the nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn) and Cr contents. Crop yields with tannery sludge application were similar to those obtained with N and lime supplied with mineral amendments. Plant Cr absorption did not increase significantly with the residue application. Tannery sludge can be used also to neutralize the high acidity developed in the soil by coal mine waste.

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Wood, R. M. „Mine Subsidence Control Projects Associated with Solid Waste Disposal Facilities“. Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1994, Nr. 4 (1994): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr94040111.

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14

Kuzmin, E. V., A. V. Kalakutskiy, M. A. Tarasov und A. A. Morozov. „Justification for Possibility to Dispose of Class 2 and 3 Radioactive Waste in Underground Space of Uranium Mines“. Mining Industry (Gornay Promishlennost), Nr. 5/2020 (20.10.2020): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2020-5-32-37.

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Intensive development of the nuclear power generation industry creates the issue of radioactive waste disposal (RAW), which has a negative impact on the environment. Development of uranium deposits using underground mines produces openings, e.g. workings and stopes that can be used as reservoirs for RAW storage. This requires a geomechanical assessment of the condition of mine workings and stopes, evaluation of their total volume, compliance with the requirements for the nuclear waste disposal sites, necessary preparation, as well as evaluation of the limits of existing mining technologies and equipment.

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Muller, Richard A., Stefan Finsterle, John Grimsich, Rod Baltzer, Elizabeth A. Muller, James W. Rector, Joe Payer und John Apps. „Disposal of High-Level Nuclear Waste in Deep Horizontal Drillholes“. Energies 12, Nr. 11 (29.05.2019): 2052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112052.

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Spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste can be disposed in deep horizontal drillholes in sedimentary, metamorphic or igneous rocks. Horizontal drillhole disposal has safety, operational and economic benefits: the repository is deep in the brine-saturated zone far below aquifers in a reducing environment of formations that can be shown to have been isolated from the surface for exceedingly long times; its depth provides safety against inadvertent intrusion, earthquakes and near-surface perturbations; it can be placed close to the reactors and interim storage facilities, minimizing transportation; disposal costs per ton of waste can be kept substantially lower than for mined repositories by its smaller size, reduced infrastructure needs and staged implementation; and, if desired, the waste could be retrieved using “fishing” technology. In the proposed disposal concept, corrosion-resistant canisters containing unmodified fuel assemblies from commercial reactors would be placed end-to-end in up to 50 cm diameter horizontal drillholes, a configuration that reduces mechanical stresses and keeps the temperatures below the boiling point of the brine. Other high-level wastes, such as capsules containing 137Cs and 90Sr, can be disposed in small-diameter horizontal drillholes. We provide an overview of this novel disposal concept and its technology, discuss some of its safety aspects and compare it to mined repositories and the deep vertical borehole disposal concept.

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LaBar, J. A., und R. W. Nairn. „A PRELIMINARY LABORATORY STUDY OF SUBAQUEOUS DISPOSAL OF CONTAMINATED MINE WASTE“. Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 2007, Nr. 1 (30.06.2007): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr07010395.

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17

Brewer, D. T., E. B. Morello, S. Griffiths, G. Fry, D. Heales, S. C. Apte, W. N. Venables et al. „Impacts of gold mine waste disposal on a tropical pelagic ecosystem“. Marine Pollution Bulletin 64, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2012): 2790–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.09.009.

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18

Robertus, Yu V., R. V. Lyubimov, A. V. Kivatskaya und V. A. Sitnikova. „Approaches to the Elimination of Accumulated Environmental in the Area of the Former Aktash Mercury Mine (Altai Republic)“. Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, Nr. 2 (26.02.2020): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-2-34-40.

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Presents the current environmental situation in the area of the former Aktash mercury mine in the south-east of the Altai Republic. The main sources of mercury releases to the environment and their location in the enterprise area have been identified. The leading role of waste redistribution of ores and imported mercury-containing waste in environmental pollution is shown. The main parameters of environmental damage within the identified large focus of mercury pollution of soil and vegetation cover are established. Its classification as an environmental emergency zone is justified. It is recommended that the Aktash mine district be included in the list of priority objects for eliminating accumulated environmental damage in the Russian Federation. The technological and environmental-economic aspects of the disposal of mercury-containing waste storage and disposal facilities are considered. The optimal approaches to carrying out rehabilitation measures in the mine area are outlined.

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Noller, B. N., P. H. Woods und B. J. Ross. „Case Studies of Wetland Filtration of Mine Waste Water in Constructed and Naturally Occurring Systems in Northern Australia“. Water Science and Technology 29, Nr. 4 (01.02.1994): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0205.

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A problem common to mines operating in the tropics is the disposal of water, which may be alkaline, acidic, or contain toxic elements such as arsenic or cadmium. The availability of year-round water supply at many mine sites in Northern Australia, particularly from pit dewatering, together with the monsoonal climate, provide appropriate conditions for the formation of natural wetlands or establishment of artificial wetlands. Wetland species (particularly Typha spp.) flourish in the presence of flowing or shallow water from dewatering, and data collected from natural and experimental wetlands show reduction of metal concentrations by wetland filtration of mine waste water. The following case studies are considered:Constructed wetlands, used to remove uranium from waste rock runoff before release to an adjacent creek provide a means of “polishing” runoff water prior to discharge to the creek.Creek-Billabong systems with existing wetlands adjacent to mine sites adventitiously “filter” waters discharged from mine sites. Trace elements in dewatering water from a gold mine discharged into an oxbow show reduction of elemental concentrations downstream, compared to discharge water.Naturally generated wetlands at several Northern Territory mines have developed along channels for discharge of pit water, with ingress of Typha domingensis. Such wetlands, associated with dewatering, have been examined at four mines, some with acid mine drainage. Water quality measured after wetland treatments shows reductions in concentrations of various heavy metals and sulfate. Volunteer Typha domingensis grows and spreads in shallow flowing channels, providing an inherent “filtration” of the water.Natural swamplands are incorporated in the waste rock runoff management design of a new gold mine, to reduce potentially high arsenic levels in the waste water. Constructed and naturally occurring wetlands may be used in the treatment of most mine waste waters to achieve levels of constituents acceptable for discharge to the surrounding environment.

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Dykun, T. V., L. I. Haieva, Ya M. Demianchuk, T. Y. Voitsekhivska und Ya A. Hutsuliak. „Biogas from disposal dump waste as automotive fuel“. Oil and Gas Power Engineering, Nr. 1(29) (15.05.2018): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2018-1(29)-56-60.

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The urgency of the problem of the effective use of traditional energy sources and the search for alternative resources is definitely beyond doubt. Today, in Ukraine, the low-calorific gas production potential, which is largely produced by agriculture and industry, in particular biogas, synthesis gas, generating and pyrolysis gases, coal mine, etc., is almost not used. The number of existing domestic plants for the disposal of these gases is negligible, although in most developed countries there are hundreds and thousands of such plants. One of the most promising sources of energy is the biogas of dumps, which is now emitted into the atmosphere and contaminates it, or burned at flaring facilities. However, the use of biogas as a fuel in a cogeneration unit with a gas engine of internal combustion and cars will, in addition to the efficient utilization of this hazardous substance, provide the consumer with heat and electric energy.

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Teixeira, Marcílio Baltazar, Christianne de Lyra Nogueira und Waldyr Lopes de Oliveira Filho. „Numerical simulation of hillside mine waste dump construction“. Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 65, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2012): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0370-44672012000400018.

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In activities involving disposal of mine waste in a dump, it is necessary to carry out a preliminary study of the mechanical behavior of both dump and the foundation materials. Due to the complexity of this problem, numerical techniques are essential for providing an approximate answer to the problem. Thus, the finite element method (FEM) was used to evaluate the stress-strain-strength behavior of a hillside waste dump built on a deformable foundation by the ascending method; the results of which are herein presented. The dump material is considered to be Morh-Coulomb nonlinear elastic perfectly plastic while the foundation material is considered to be linear elastic. The numerical simulation of mine waste dump construction is carried out by the "gravity turn on" technique and the dynamic mesh procedure. Different geometric configurations are analyzed and it is concluded that some requirements established by law should be reviewed and refined.

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22

Supandi, Supandi. „Geotechnical profiling of a surface mine waste dump using 2D Wenner–Schlumberger configuration“. Open Geosciences 13, Nr. 1 (01.01.2021): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0234.

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Abstract Mapping the subsurface in slope stability analysis of disposal areas is difficult, especially the disposal layering materials that are assumed to be homogeneous instead of their real conditions. Moreover, the hoarding activities on high slope form layers based on the nature of the rock mechanics with large materials or boulders rolling down to the toe of the slope, while small ones are held at the top. Each layer formed, however, has certain geotechnical characteristics. The aim of this study is to determine the profiling of disposal material using a geoelectrical method known as Wenner–Schlumberger configuration with a line length of 450 m and also to find the resistivity value for mine waste materials based on an empirical number, which is a number that is obtained from the result reading compared to the actual condition in the field. The study was conducted on an in-pit dump with an estimated height of 150 m and a thickness of 50 m, and the data obtained were processed using RES2DINV software. The results showed that the subsurface cross-section has three layers consisting of bedrock with a resistivity of 50–70 Ωm, contact zone with 30–50 Ωm, and disposal material layer with 1–30 Ωm, which can be used for the slope stability analysis. This concept is very helpful for the geotechnical analysis on high mine waste dumps or sloping basement zone. This study focuses on the resistivity value for waste dump materials, which has not been clearly mentioned in the previous studies.

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Khalili, Ali, Dharma Wijewickreme und G. Ward Wilson. „Mechanical response of highly gap-graded mixtures of waste rock and tailings. Part I: Monotonic shear response“. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 47, Nr. 5 (Mai 2010): 552–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-126.

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The idea of mixing mine tailings and waste rock to form “paste rock” prior to disposal is now receiving significant attention from the point of view of sustainable mine waste management practices. This approach has been viewed as a favourable alternative to traditional methods of mine waste disposal because paste rock has the potential to overcome deficiencies (e.g., acid rock drainage and liquefaction-induced failures) associated with traditional methods. To advance the current limited knowledge, a laboratory research program was undertaken to study the mechanical response of paste rock. Testing was undertaken on paste rock specimens prepared so that the tailings would “just fill” the void spaces within the waste rock particle skeleton. The findings suggest that the material is unlikely to experience flow deformation under monotonic shear loading conditions, at least up to the tested initial effective confining stress conditions of 400 kPa. The monotonic shear response of paste rock was found to be similar to that of rock-only material; this finding is in agreement with previous observations from one-dimensional consolidation testing where it had been shown that the rock particle skeleton would carry almost 90% of the externally applied stress on a given paste rock mass.

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Kuzmin, E. V., A. V. Kalakutskiy, M. A. Tarasov und A. A. Morozov. „Concept for Disposal of Class 2 and Class 3 Radioactive Waste in Underground Workings with Isolating Backfilling using Paste made with Processed Uranium Ore Materials“. Mining Industry (Gornay Promishlennost), Nr. 6/2020 (29.12.2020): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2020-6-31-36.

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The paper presents a concept for disposal of Class 2 and Class 3 radioactive waste in existing workings and chambers in the underground uranium mines of the Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Union PJSC with isolation of radioactive waste storage chambers using paste backfilling made with processed uranium ore materials and sealing of cracks in host rock by injection consolidation. The need is shown to enhance the strength of radioactive waste containers to increase the number of tiers in the storage blocks to make better use of the available chamber space. Data is provided on the forecast hydrogeological conditions in deep levels (up to 1000 m) of Mine No.6.

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Dawson, R. F., D. C. Sego und G. W. Pollock. „Freeze-thaw dewatering of oil sands fine tails“. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 36, Nr. 4 (22.11.1999): 587–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t99-028.

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Laboratory and field experiments demonstrate that substantial dewatering occurs when the waste clay from oil sands operations is subjected to one cycle of freeze-thaw. The enhanced permeability resulting from the freezing process causes further dewatering and accompanying strength increases during post-thaw consolidation. The findings presented here were guided by a number of different materials handling scenarios which take advantage of the freeze-thaw process and are driven by the appropriate geotechnical, geochemical, and geothermal input parameters. Different conceptual design scenarios are examined to demonstrate how this process might be feasibly implemented at the commercial scale. Emphasis is placed on the large-scale requirements, sensitivity to input parameters, and the coupling of the continuing applied research with the conceptual materials handling models. The latter point is of generic interest to those involved in mine waste management.Key words: mine wastes, freeze-thaw, volume reduction, disposal, large strain consolidation.

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Pollmann, O., S. Meyer, O. Blumenstein und L. van Rensburg. „Mine Tailings: Waste or Valuable Resource?“ Waste and Biomass Valorization 1, Nr. 4 (24.09.2010): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-010-9042-6.

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Tallin, J. E., D. E. Pufahl und S. L. Barbour. „Waste management schemes of potash mines in Saskatchewan“. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, Nr. 4 (01.08.1990): 528–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-061.

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Saskatchewan's potash industry, when operating at capacity, produces 28 × 106 t of salt tailings and 11 × 106 m3 of concentrated brine per year. As a result, in excess of 250 × 106 t of tailings and lesser amounts of brine are stored on the ground surface in waste disposal basins consisting of a system of ponds and dykes. While the substantial quantities of solid waste represent an enormous task for eventual decommissioning, it is the seepage of brine into the surrounding soil and groundwater that is presently of most concern. Four general models are proposed to illustrate the role of hydrogeology in the selection of techniques for containment of potash wastes. This paper reviews waste management schemes in the Saskatchewan potash industry over the past 27 years and presents observations and qualitative evaluations of waste disposal practice of four mines that are representative of the proposed hydrological models. The four case histories identify problems that are common to all mines. The importance of design, operation, and proper monitoring programs is emphasized. The study found that a combination of different seepage barriers have been reasonably successful in preventing serious brine contamination. Shortcomings, where they exist, have been caused largely by unsatisfactory design and construction practices. These inadequacies are of concern to the industry and government regulatory agencies, but they have not yet seriously impeded orderly potash waste disposal. Key words: waste management, potash tailings, brine disposal, brine containment, seepage barriers, seepage control, refining practices, brine ponds.

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Zhang, Xin Guo, Xing Yuan Jiang und Bao Liang Zhang. „Research on Techniques of Environment Comprehensive Management and Municipal Solid Waste Filling Mining“. Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (Dezember 2012): 2165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2165.

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Aiming at the present situation of surface construction damage and pollution by coal mining, introduced the application situation of filling mining technology. In view of China's municipal solid waste present situation, proposed the bag filling mode in coal mine gobs, and put forward the reasonable filling process and filling system design. It is more helpful to deal with the city garbage on a large scale by combining the garbage stowing with the treatment of mine gobs than traditional waste disposal methods, such as burying, compost piling and burning also can effectively control the surface subsidence issues, and it is very significant to science and environment.

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Li, Xiang Qian, Zheng Yan Liu, Xian Qiang Mao, Tao Hu, Yu Ping Wu und Yi Qian. „Rare Earth-Containing Waste Generated in Production and its Environmental Impact Analysis — Based on the Findings of Baotou Region, Inner Mongolia“. Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (Mai 2012): 3436–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.3436.

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The article is based on the survey of rare earth enterprises in Baotou region, Inner Mongolia, analyzes the sorts of rare earth-containing waste produced in rare earth production and their environmental impact. The main sorts of rare earth-containing waste include: low-grade ore generated in the mining sector, tailings from mineral concentrating; water-soaked residue generated in smelting and separating sectors, and solid waste from functional material producing sectors. The low-grade ore has a certain degree of radioactivity, if the economic and technological conditions allowed it also can be used to produce rare-earth. Tailings from mineral concentrating, in addition to radioactivity, it also produces environment pollution to atmosphere, soil and water. However, these tailings are not waste, but the second rare earth mine. Water-soaked residue is radioactive hazardous waste, now stored in line with disposal regulations. Solid wastes from functional materials producing have been recycled and have less impact on the environment.

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Komnitsas, Kostas, Xiangyun Guo und Daoliang Li. „Mapping of soil nutrients in an abandoned Chinese coal mine and waste disposal site“. Minerals Engineering 23, Nr. 8 (Juli 2010): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2010.02.009.

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31

Poborska-Młynarska, Katarzyna. „Assessment of the geological environment in respect of waste disposal in salt mine workings“. Geology, Geophysics & Environment 39, Nr. 3 (2013): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geol.2013.39.3.223.

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32

Zou, D. H., und Wasayo Sahito. „Suitability of mine tailings for shotcrete as a ground support“. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 31, Nr. 4 (01.08.2004): 632–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l04-033.

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Mine tailings produced during mineral processing have traditionally been treated as a waste material and require special attention at disposal. This tradition is changing because of technology advancements and public awareness of the environmental impacts of tailings disposal on the surface. In recent years, there is an increasing trend to make the tailings a useful material. This paper presents the results of research on using the full mine tailings for shotcrete for underground support. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the relevant mechanical properties. Mortars made of tailings-binder mix were tested in various conditions. Sand and fibers were added to investigate their strengthening capability. This study produced valuable data. The compressive strength for the test conditions was satisfactory. The flexural strength exceeded the ASTM standards. Polymer fibers were found more effective than steel fibers as strengthening materials. Overall, this research has demonstrated the potential of mine tailings for shotcreting.Key words: mine tailings, shotcrete, compressive, flexural strength, fibers.

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Qureshi, Asif, Christian Maurice und Björn Öhlander. „Co-disposal of lignite fly ash and coal mine waste rock for neutralisation of AMD“. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, Nr. 35 (29.04.2021): 48728–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13500-w.

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AbstractWaste rocks (WRs) from a lignite-producing coalfield and fly ash (FA) produced from the same lignite have been investigated in this study with a primary objective to determine the potential for co-disposal of WRs and FA to reduce the environmental contamination. Mixing WRs with FA and covering WRs with FA have been investigated. Particle size effect caused ≤2 mm particles to produce low pH (~2) and metal-laden leachates, indicating higher sulphide minerals’ reactivity compared to larger particles (≤10 mm, pH ~ 4). Co-disposal of FA as mixture showed an instantaneous effect, resulting in higher pH (~3–6) and better leachate quality. However, acidity produced by secondary mineralisation caused stabilisation of pH at around 4.5–5. In contrast, the pH of the leachates from the cover method gradually increased from strongly acidic (pH ~ 2) to mildly acidic (pH ~ 4–5) and circumneutral (pH ~ 7) along with a decrease in EC and elemental leaching. Gradually increasing pH can be attributed to the cover effect, which reduces the oxygen diffusion, thus sulphide oxidation. FA cover achieved the pH necessary for secondary mineralisation during the leaching experiment. The co-disposal of FA as cover and/or mixture possesses the potential for neutralisation and/or slowing down AMD and improving leachate quality.

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Al-Dabbagh, R. H., und M. A. M. S. Al-Dabbagh. „The Environmental Effects of Waste Water Emanation from Sulphur Mining on Water Resources“. Water Science and Technology 24, Nr. 11 (01.12.1991): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0350.

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Mishraq sulphur mine is situated in the northern part of Iraq about 40 km south of Mosul. The Frasch process is adopted to produce raw sulphur by injection of hot and compressed air.Hot water is channelled through the ground layers,causing the escape of mining hot- water carrying large quantities of sulphides, BOD, and suspended solids to ground water within the area as well as to Tigris river. Three types of wastewater are produced from the purification processes. Wastewater released from debitumenization unit after treatment of raw sulphur with sulphuric acid, wast ewat er released from filtration units after treatment with tonsil and the leachate of solid waste produced from both processes. These wastewaters are highly acidic containing large quantities of suspended and dissolved organic solids.The first two wastewaters are discharged to a large pool prior to disposal to Tigris river. However,the seepage of leachate from the disposal site carries pollutants to the ground water.

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Harrison, Susan T. L., Alexander H. Hesketh, Robert P. van Hille und Jennifer L. Broadhurst. „Process Decisions Focused on the Prevention of AMD Formation on Beneficiating Sulfide Minerals“. Advanced Materials Research 71-73 (Mai 2009): 685–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.71-73.685.

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Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) from voluminous sulfide-bearing wastes contributes to the environmental burden of mineral processing. To diminish burden and its time frame of risk, the disposal of sulfidic waste materials is re-examined through the valuable distinction between reactive or active gangue materials contributing to AMD generation and largely unreactive passive gangue. In an example process for disposal of tails from mineral sulfide beneficiation, a proof of concept is provided for inclusion of a non-selective sulfide float preceding or following selective separation of the desired mineral sulfide. The environmental benefit of subsequent reduction of sulfide in the tailings from 3.7 to 0.2% on AMD generation potential is quantified through a combination of methodologies including MPA, ANC, NAPP, NAG and microbial testing. Sulfide reduction from 4 to 1% reduces AMD generation. Further reduction below 1% S yields diminishing returns. The environmental benefit of separating ‘active’ and ‘passive’ gangue material prior to disposal is shown, and the reduced active gangue fraction determined through material balance.

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Dinelli, E., N. Morandi und F. Tateo. „Fine-grained weathering products in waste disposal from two sulphide mines in the northern Apennines, Italy“. Clay Minerals 33, Nr. 3 (September 1998): 423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985598545723.

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AbstractFrom mineralogical and chemical characterization of two waste-rock piles from Vigonzano and Libiola sulphide mines in the northern Apennines, two types of fine-grained weathering products were recognized, One, from the Vigonzano mine, has a typical blue colour and consists of the Cu-Al sulphate of the woodwardite group. Its formation is related to an alkaline geochemical barrier, it is rather stable in acidic solution, and it controls Cu and Zn dispersion in the surrounding environment. The other group of sediments has a typical ochreous colour. Vigonzano samples consist mostly of goethite, whereas ferrihydrite is abundant in the Libiola sample. The ochreous sediments are enriched in Co, As, Mo, Se and Mn, thus significantly reducing the potential environmental hazard of the site, whereas solubility tests indicated possible problems due to AI dissolution at Libiola.

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Wickland, Benjamin E., G. Ward Wilson und Dharma Wijewickreme. „Hydraulic conductivity and consolidation response of mixtures of mine waste rock and tailings“. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 47, Nr. 4 (April 2010): 472–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-115.

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Hydraulic conductivity and consolidation behaviour are examined for an alternative mine waste disposal technique. One type of waste rock, one type of tailings, and mixtures of the same waste rock and tailings were tested in bench-scale and column studies. Specimens 150 mm in diameter were tested for hydraulic conductivity by falling-head method alternated with one-dimensional consolidation, specimens 300 mm in diameter were tested for one-dimensional consolidation response, and specimens 1 m in diameter were tested for self-weight consolidation behaviour in 6 m high columns. Deformation of mixtures under one-dimensional loading was similar to that of waste rock alone and much less than that of tailings alone. Hydraulic conductivity of mixtures was similar to that of tailings alone and independent of specimen diameter. Mixture behaviour was attributed to a homogeneous structure including waste rock in particle-to-particle contact and a continuous, saturated matrix of tailings. The results indicate that mixing waste rock and tailings can produce dense deposits with values of hydraulic conductivity that are orders of magnitude lower than those of waste rock alone, thereby limiting fluxes through the waste and the associated potential for acid rock drainage. Mixture deposits will also have less consolidation-related settlement than tailings, thus improving stability and aiding reclamation.

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Plyusnin, Alexei, Olga Smirnova und Paul Robinson. „Storage and processing of acid waste waters of mining enterprises“. E3S Web of Conferences 98 (2019): 01041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199801041.

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In the present work, the formation of the chemical composition of acid mine waters in the area of waste disposal of mining and processing of tungsten ores of Transbaikalia (Russia) is considered. It is shown that during long-term storage of processing waste in the pore space, acidic waters with a high content of rare-earth elements accumulate. During the recycling of waste in the washings, a change occurs in the ratio of light and heavy rare earth elements. When water is neutralized with limestone, solid phases of these elements are formed, which can be extracted.

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NEINA, Dora, Eric Van Ranst und Ann Verdoodt. „Chemical and mineralogical properties of post-mining sites in two gold mining concessions in Ghana“. Ghana Journal of Science, Technology and Development 6, Nr. 1 (07.05.2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47881/123.967x.

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Mining companies adopt different post-mining management practices to rehabilitate mined sites to enhance environmental management and sustainability. The study assessed the chemical and mineralogical properties of some post-mining land management options from two gold mines in the Western Region of Ghana. Samples of waste rock (WR), mine tailings (MTs), mine soils and un-mined soils were analysed for soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable cations, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (Ntotal), concentrations of some heavy metals (HMs) and mineralogy by ICP-AES and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results revealed pH values of 4.2-4.6 in un-mined soils and 4.6-5.4 in mine soils. The MTs and WR were alkaline due to CaCO3 (4.8-5.8 g kg-1). Virtually all the samples contained kaolinite, muscovite and quartz. The MTs contained ankerite, bobierrite, clinoclase and greenalite, which were not present in the WR. These minerals were most probably neo-formed out of the chemical constituents of the tailings and contamination during the disposal. Mine soils from three-year-old reclaimed mine site planted with oil palm had substantial SOC and Ntotal contents among all the post-mining sites which also reflected slightly on the CEC status. This showed the influence of soil management practices such as mulching, cover cropping with Pueraria phaseoloides, erosion control and fertiliser application. The HMs contents in the mine tailings occurred in the order of Pb > As > Cd and revealed relatively higher contents in the abandoned MTs compared to reclaimed ones but they were all in the range of those in uncontaminated soils elsewhere.

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Park, Jonghoon, Eunhye Kwon, Euijin Chung, Ha Kim, Batbold Battogtokh und Nam C. Woo. „Environmental Sustainability of Open-Pit Coal Mining Practices at Baganuur, Mongolia“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 1 (27.12.2019): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010248.

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In this paper, we studied one of the largest coal mines in Mongolia, the Baganuur Coal Mine, in terms of environmental sustainability related to mining practices, with a focus on discharged water and waste sediments. The present quality and potential for future pollution were assessed. Based on World Health Organization and Mongolian guidelines, groundwater pumped from the mining operations could be used for drinking and domestic purposes. In addition, based on the Na absorption ratio, groundwater samples from GW-2 and GW-3 could be used as agriculture water supplies with salinity reduction, or used to grow halophytes as a measure for desertification control and pasture production. All waste soil samples appeared to have a desertification potential. Dust particles smaller than 150 μm comprised more than 80% of soil samples, which had arsenic levels higher than the Mongolian soil pollution standards. In addition, soil collected between coal seams (S-5) showed high sulphur content based on X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) spectroscopy analyses, strong potential for producing acid mine drainage in the analysis of pH of net acid generation and net acid production potential, and potential for leaching of metals, such as Co. Therefore, the Baganuur Coal Mine requires soil pollution control measures to mitigate the risks of dust and desertification. In this perspective, mine groundwater could be used to reduce environmental stresses by supporting pasture crops such as halophytes on waste disposal sites, thereby preventing dust issues and desertification. Continuous efforts, including monitoring and enacting environmental management measures, are needed from both the mining company and the government to ensure sustainable mine development.

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Falayi, Thabo. „Removal of Sulphates from Acid Mine Drainage Using Tetradecytrimethylammonium Bromide Modified Desilicated Fly Ash“. Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 45, Nr. 4 (01.11.2019): 450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2019.450.

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Tetradecytrimethylammonium bromide (TDTMA) was used to modify the surface properties of desilicated fly ash (DFA). The objective was to improve the removal of sulphates from acid mine drainage using the TDTMA modified DFA (TDTMA-DFA). A 20% addition of TDTMA to DFA produced the optimum sulphate adsorbent. A 4% (m/v) solid loading of TDTMA-DFA was capable of removing over 98% of sulphates from AMD after agitation at 250 rpm and 45°C for 180 mins although equilibrium was reached after 80 mins. The mechanism of removal was chemisorption and the sulphate loaded TDTMA-DFA was stable against further leaching. The research gives an opportunity for the modification of a solid waste material (DFA) into a useful adsorbent thereby allowing a waste material to treat another waste which then supports a circular economy in a waste management system.

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Oh, Se Jin, Sung Woo Moon, Seung Min Oh, Sung Chul Kim, Yong Sik Ok, Bup Yeol Lee, Sang Hwan Lee und Jae E. Yang. „Fly Ash Application for Reduction of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) as Runoff and Leachate Released from Mine Waste Disposal Sites“. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 47, Nr. 6 (31.12.2014): 533–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7745/kjssf.2014.47.6.533.

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Brewer, D. T., D. A. Milton, G. C. Fry, D. M. Dennis, D. S. Heales und W. N. Venables. „Impacts of gold mine waste disposal on deepwater fish in a pristine tropical marine system“. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54, Nr. 3 (März 2007): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.10.011.

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Fraser, W. W., und J. D. Robertson. „Subaqueous Disposal of Reactive Mine Waste: An Overview and Update of Case Studies - MEND/CANADA“. Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1994, Nr. 1 (1994): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr94010250.

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Mallett, R. H. „Buckling Design Criteria for Waste Disposal Containers“. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 109, Nr. 4 (01.11.1987): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3264920.

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This report documents analytical and experimental results from a survey of the technical literature on buckling of thick-walled cylinders under external pressure. Based upon these results, a load factor is suggested for the design of waste package containers for disposal of high level radioactive waste in repositories mined in salt formations. The load factor is defined as a ratio of buckling pressure to allowable pressure. Specifically, a load factor which ranges from 1.5 for plastic buckling to 3.0 for elastic buckling is included in a set of proposed buckling design criteria for waste disposal containers.

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Larios, Raquel, Rodolfo Fernández-Martínez, Rodrigo Álvarez und Isabel Rucandio. „Arsenic pollution and fractionation in sediments and mine waste samples from different mine sites“. Science of The Total Environment 431 (August 2012): 426–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.057.

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Fernández-Caliani, J. C., J. D. de la Rosa, A. M. Sánchez de la Campa, Y. González-Castanedo und S. Castillo. „Mineralogy of atmospheric dust impacting the Rio Tinto mining area (Spain) during episodes of high metal deposition“. Mineralogical Magazine 77, Nr. 6 (August 2013): 2793–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.6.07.

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AbstractThis study is the first to investigate the mineral composition of the atmospheric particulate matter deposited at Rio Tinto, Spain, an historical mining district of world-class importance, with emphasis on metal-bearing particles and their environmental implications. The dustfall is composed of quartz, feldspars, phyllosilicates (mica, chlorite and/or kaolinite) and a variety of accessory heavy minerals, the most common being primary sulfides (pyrite, chalcopyrite with minor galena, sphalerite and bornite) and their oxidation products (notably goethite, hematite and jarosite). This mineral assemblage suggests a local source of wind-blown dust and it is consistent with the large deposition levels of sulfide-related elements (As, Bi, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn) registered at the sampling site adjacent to the mine waste dumps. However, the generation of potentially harmful dust particles is not restricted to mine wastes. Anthropogenic metallic compounds arising from a nearby hazardous waste disposal centre can make a relevant additional contribution to the metal deposition, particularly for Fe, Ni, Cr and Mn. Atmospheric fallout is a major mechanism for metal input to soils and plants around or near the mining area.

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Kang, Seon-Hong. „Metal recovery from mine tailings using bacteria“. Waste Management 14, Nr. 8 (Januar 1994): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-053x(94)90055-8.

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Jia, Yu, David Stenman, Maria Mäkitalo, Christian Maurice und Björn Öhlander. „Use of Amended Tailings as Mine Waste Cover“. Waste and Biomass Valorization 4, Nr. 4 (26.03.2013): 709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-013-9232-0.

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Dinu, Laurentiu Razvan, Valeriu Robert Badescu, Gabriela Geanina Vasile, Ionut Cristea, Ecaterina Anca Serban, Voicu Oncu und Marinela Moga. „Fe-Al recovery from mine water treatment residuals and product testing for wastewater treatment - phosphate and turbidity removal“. SIMI 2019, Abstract Book, SIMI 2019 (20.09.2019): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2019.fp07.

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Mine water treatment scope is to produce an effluent which satisfies the discharge limits according to permits. However, the production of metal-rich sludge is a consequence of the mine water treatment and its disposal as a waste raises the cost of the whole operation, so ways to convert the sludge into marketable products are desirable. For example, mine water treatment sludge can be used for adsorbents or pigments production or some of the sludge components can be extracted and utilized as coagulants. Coagulants were obtained from mine water after partial precipitation of metal species or after conventional treatment, by leaching the sludge with acid. The effectiveness of coagulants considering phosphate, chemical oxygen demand and turbidity is presented in this paper, alongside with some of the drawbacks as observed.

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