Dissertationen zum Thema „Temps de sorties“
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Ivanov, Ievgen. „Investigation dans des systèmes abstraits avec entrées et sorties comme fonctions partielles de temps“. Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2346/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis is devoted to investigation of properties of systems with inputs and outputs as partial functions on the real time domain. In our work systems of this kind are mapped to abstractions called blocks. The notion of a block can be considered as a specific extension of the notions of a system with inputs and outputs which were studied in various variants of mathematical systems theory. The main aspects of blocks are nondeterminism, partiality of inputs/outputs, real time domain. The following novel results concerning blocks were obtained in the thesis: (1) Weak and strong notions of nonanticipation considered in the works on mathematical systems theory by T. Windeknecht, M. Mesarovic, Y. Takahara for different classes of systems were extended to blocks and compared. (2) A representation theorem for strongly nonanticipative blocks was proved. It was shown that such blocks can be represented using an introduced class of abstract dynamical systems called Nondeterministic Complete Markovian Systems (NCMS) which is based on the notion of a solution system introduced in the Theory of Processes by O. Hájek. (3) General criteria for the existence of total input-output pairs of a strongly nonanticipative block and the existence of a total output for a given total input of a strongly nonanticipative block. The obtained results are useful in formalization and analysis of block diagram-based specification and development languages for cyber-physical systems and real-time information processing systems
En-Nouaary, Abdeslam. „Génération de cas de test pour les systèmes temps réel modélisés par des automates à entrées sorties temporisées“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65338.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeantoni, Julien Babau Jean-Philippe. „SAIA un style architectural pour assurer l'indépendance vis-à-vis d'entrées / sorties soumises à des contraintes temporelles /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=deantoni.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBadr, Maya. „Codage espace temps pour les canaux MIMO à accès multiple“. Phd thesis, Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00006005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExtensive research has been carried out these last few years on the single-user MIMO STBC design using advanced algebraic tools, namely cyclic division algebra. Families of single-user codes have been carefully constructed to achieve the DMT of the MIMO channel. Motivated by the promising results obtained in the single-user scenario, the aim of this thesis is to construct new families of multi-user STBCs. Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) channels have recently attracted considerable attention because of its essential practical implication in today’s and future communication systems. The current study focuses on MIMO MAC where multiple users communicate with one receiver. A coherent communication system is considered, where the receiver has a perfect CSI while the transmitters do not have any CSI, but are aware of the channel statistics. The construction of the proposed multiple-access codes is based on an in-depth understanding of the information theoretic aspects of the MAC that give insight on the behavior of the channel. In order to simplify the problem, a MAC with single-antenna at the transmitters and an arbitrary number of antennas at the receiver is first considered in a synchronous and an asynchronous scenario. Next, the general MIMO-MAC with multiple-antenna at both the transmitters and the receiver is investigated. Finally, the multiple-access relay channel is considered, where one or more relays help the users communicate with the destination while the cooperation between the users is not allowed. In this case, we applied the code constructed for the MIMO MAC in a distributed way
Badr, Maya. „Codage Espace Temps pour les canaux MIMO à accès multiple“. Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00006005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeantoni, Julien. „SAIA: Un style architectural pour assurer l'indépendance vis-à-vis d'entrées / sorties soumises à des contraintes temporelles“. Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00239261.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePour répondre à cet objectif, l'idée de SAIA est de séparer clairement le modèle de plateforme du modèle de l'application. À cette fin, SAIA propose l'introduction d'une plateforme de communication abstraite avec le processus. Cette plateforme abstraite est composée d'entrées et de sorties utiles pour effectuer le contrôle, mais indépendantes d'une technologie de capteurs/actionneurs particulière. L'application est développée en se basant sur les services fournis par la plateforme abstraite.%Une application temps réel ne peut pas être validée en ne considérant que ses aspects fonctionnels.
La stabilité d'une application de contrôle et sa qualité de contrôle sont, entre autres, dépendantes des caractéristiques temporelles de la plateforme abstraite. Cette dernière est donc composée d'un ensemble de services ainsi que d'une description de ses caractéristiques temporelles (notées QoS pour Quality of Service). La description de la QoS de la plateforme abstraite reflète le comportement temporel, sous forme de omega-expression régulière de la plateforme abstraite pour laquelle l'application a le comportement souhaité. Ainsi, nous avons d'un côté un modèle de la plateforme abstraite et de la QoS permettant la correction de l'application et de l'autre un modèle de la plateforme réelle dont la QoS a été analysée. Afin de connecter la plateforme abstraite à la plateforme réelle, SAIA s'appuie sur un connecteur complexe. Ce connecteur complexe est un assemblage de composants, décrit formellement par des automates temporisés réalisant des services de formatage, d'interprétation, de fusion de données et enfin d'adaptation de la QoS.
Le connecteur complexe possède un comportement et modifie donc la QoS de la plateforme réelle. Afin d'évaluer l'impact du connecteur complexe sur la QoS de la plateforme réelle, une analyse formelle basée sur la simulation exhaustive du connecteur complexe est réalisée. Il est alors nécessaire de s'assurer que cette QoS nouvellement évaluée satisfait la QoS de la plateforme abstraite et permet ainsi la réalisation d'un système correct. La vérification de cette satisfaction est basée sur l'établissement d'un contrat de QoS. Dans SAIA, l'établissement d'un contrat de QoS est basé sur une relation de satisfaction (équivalence de trace) entre systèmes à transitions étiquetés. Enfin, SAIA a été mis en oeuvre à plusieurs reprises dont, lors de deux concours d'implémentation de robots d'exploration terrestre dans le cadre de workshop satellites de RTSS (Real Time System Symposium).
Ngo, Thi Minh Hien. „Etude et construction d'une nouvelle classe de codes temps-espace en treillis pour les futurs systèmes MIMO“. Rennes, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAR0015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNew class of QPSK Space Time Trellis Codes (STTC) for several transmit antennas is presented in this thesis. We propose to call these codes “Balanced STTC” because they use the points of the MIMO constellation with the same probability. Comparing to known codes, these codes offer the best performance. Therefore, the systematic search for good codes can be reduced to this class. It is shown that all the best published codes are balanced. This thesis presents an original method to design these balanced STTC and gives a complete list of the best 4-state et 16-state codes for 2 transmit antennas. Several balanced codes for 3 and 4 transmit antennas are also given
Larouche, Jean-Benoit. „Implémentation d'une couche physique temps réel MIMO-OFDM sur FPGA“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30389/30389.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis report is focused on a detailed description of a physical layer implemented on an FPGA platform. The physical layer integrates many of the up to date technologies used in the latest generation telecommunication standards. First of all, an overview of the OFDM and MIMO technologies is presented since both technologies are very important in today’s telecommunications. Thereafter, there is a description of the hardware used to test the proper functioning of the physical layer. The major part of this report is aimed toward the description of the physical layer itself. A detailed block diagram of the latter is presented. The physical layer is divided in two main sections: the transmitter and the receiver. Regarding the transmitter, the structure of the generated packet is presented together with the acquisition and channel estimation symbols. On the receiver side, we will focus on the implemented algorithms to decode a packet. The automatic gain control algorithm, the carrier frequency offset estimator, the block boundary detector and the channel estimator are detailed. Finally, binary error rate curves in an additive white Gaussian noise channel will be presented and compared to theoretical curves. A discussion about the obtained results will follow as well as a list of the future improvements which could be made to take the physical layer further.
Laly, Pierre. „Sondeur de canal MIMO temps réel et applications“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10168/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTo be able to reach a bit rate higher than 100Mb/s with 4G systems and to multiply by 20 the energy efficiency of future 5G networks, all the propagation channel richness must be exploited. This innovative research area dealing with the physical layer optimization is based on the multidimensional channel characterization in "real time". This concept of “real time” means that space, time, frequency and polarimetric dimensions are explored simultaneously to ensure stationarity conditions of the channel during measurements. The channel sounder, subject of the thesis, must also be able to adapt to different scenarios of propagation, including a context of high mobility as, for example, in the case of a communication between high-speed trains. The system that has been developed, based on programmable digital components, allows measuring in a 80Mz bandwidth, 128 transfer functions associated with a (8,16) MIMO channel in less than a few tens of µs and without post-processing. The duration of the transmitted signal is 150 µs. Another originality of this sounder is its easy reconfigurability and its multi-function ability. For example, for studying cyber security of wireless communications, it would play the role of communication system, interference source and channel sounder. In the frame of localization of people in forest owing to their mobile phone, results of channel characterization conducted with the sounder placed either on the ground, or in an ULM, are also described and analyzed
Awwad, Elie. „Techniques émergentes de codage espace-temps pour les systèmes de communications optiques“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleResearch in the field of optical fiber communications is advancing at a rapid pace in order to meet the growing needs for higher data rates. The main driving forces behind these advancements are the availability of multiple degrees of freedom in the optical fiber allowing for multiplexing more data: amplitude, phase and polarization state of the optical field, along with time and wavelength are already used in the deployed optical transmission systems. Yet, these systems are approaching their theoretical capacity limits and an extra dimension "space" is investigated to achieve the next capacity leap. However, packing several data channels in the same medium brings with it differential impairments and crosstalk that can seriously deteriorate the performance of the system. In this thesis, we focus on recent optical MIMO schemes based on polarization division multiplexing (PDM) and space division multiplexing (SDM). In both, we assess the performance penalties induced by non-unitary crosstalk and loss disparities among the channels arising from imperfections in the used optical components (fibers, amplifiers, multiplexers...), and suggest novel MIMO coding techniques known as Space-Time (ST) codes, initially designed for wireless multi-antenna channels, to mitigate them
Gresset, Nicolas. „Nouvelles technologies de codage spatio-temporel avec des modulations codées à bits entrelaçés“. Paris, ENST, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001482.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis report describes new designs for transmitters and receivers of bit interleaved coded modulations over multiple antenna channels. The objective is to achieve near Shannon capacity performance over ergodic channels and near outage probability performance over block fading channels. First, we describe the binary mapping optimization for ergodic channels by introducing the new concept of multidimensional mapping that provides large amount of coding gain. We achieve near capacity performance either with turbo-codes or with multi-dimensional mappings associated with a simple code. Then, we present the bit interleaved coded modulation with linear precoding as a Space-Time code for multiple antenna block fading channels. We show that the channel interleaver is the fundamental part of the bit interleaved coded modulation calling the shots about the achieved diversity. We describe the linear precoding optimality condition and a class of quasi-optimal linear precoders. The minimal linear precoder size providing full diversity is deduced from a modified Singleton bound applied to the global Euclidean code. We show that full diversity and quasi-optimal coding gains are observed for a given error correcting code. Finally, we achieve near outage capacity performance thanks to turbo-codes. Next, iterative joint detection and decoding techniques are considered, we describe a near optimum soft-input soft-output list sphere decoder which allows the computation of a posteriori probabilities for very high spectral efficiency transmitter schemes with reduced complexity
Rekaya, Ben Othman Ghaya. „Nouvelles constructions algébriques de codes spatio-temporels atteignant le compromis "Multiplexage-Diversité"“. Paris, ENST, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001464.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA great interest has been accorded to Multi-Input Multi-Output systems due to the largecapacity they can offer. Optimal Space-Time codes are full rate, full rank and have optimal coding gain. Unfortunately, the best existingcodes suffer from vanishing determinants as spectral efficiency grows. In our work, we propose two new constructions of Space-Time codes that are full rate, fullrank and have non-vanishing determinants. Cyclic division algebras with center Q(i) and Q( j)are our essential mathematical tool for these codes' constructions. The first ones are the ”QuaternionicST codes”. However, for a number of antennas larger than 2, the non-uniform energydistribution in the codeword penalizes their performances. To alleviate this problem, we haveconstructed a newfamily of codes, called ”Perfect ST codes”. These codes are characterized by agood energy efficiency given by an uniform energy distribution and transmitted constellationshave no shaping loss compared to the signal constellation. Quaternionic and Perfect codesachieve the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff. Quaternonic and Perfect codes are decodable by lattice decoders, Sphere Decoder andSchnorr-Euchner, by considering their lattice representations. These decoders are usually usedto decode infinite lattices. As we consider finite constellations, modified versions of both decodersare proposed. By comparing their complexities,we conclude that Schnorr-Euchner is better. Lattice reduction is used to accelerate the decoding of infinite lattices. As algebraic lattices are used in our Space-Time codes' construction, we propose a new algebraic lattice reduction for single antenna systems on fast faing channels
Awwad, Elie. „Techniques émergentes de codage espace-temps pour les systèmes de communications optiques“. Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0004/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleResearch in the field of optical fiber communications is advancing at a rapid pace in order to meet the growing needs for higher data rates. The main driving forces behind these advancements are the availability of multiple degrees of freedom in the optical fiber allowing for multiplexing more data: amplitude, phase and polarization state of the optical field, along with time and wavelength are already used in the deployed optical transmission systems. Yet, these systems are approaching their theoretical capacity limits and an extra dimension "space" is investigated to achieve the next capacity leap. However, packing several data channels in the same medium brings with it differential impairments and crosstalk that can seriously deteriorate the performance of the system. In this thesis, we focus on recent optical MIMO schemes based on polarization division multiplexing (PDM) and space division multiplexing (SDM). In both, we assess the performance penalties induced by non-unitary crosstalk and loss disparities among the channels arising from imperfections in the used optical components (fibers, amplifiers, multiplexers...), and suggest novel MIMO coding techniques known as Space-Time (ST) codes, initially designed for wireless multi-antenna channels, to mitigate them
Robert, Gwezheneg. „Codes de Gabidulin en caractéristique nulle : application au codage espace-temps“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S083/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpace-time codes are error correcting codes dedicated to MIMO transmissions. Mathematically, a space-time code is a finite family of complex matrices. Its preformances rely on several parameters, including its minimal rank distance. Gabidulin codes are codes in this metric, famous for their optimality and thanks to efficient decoding algorithms. That's why they are used to design space-time codes. The main difficulty is to design complex matrices from binary matrices. The aim of the works collected here is to generalize Gabidulin codes to number fields, especially cyclique extesnions. We see that they have the same properties than Gabidulin codes over finite fields. We study several errors and erasures models and introduce a quadratic algorithm to recover transmitted information. When computing in finite fields, we are faced with the growing size problem. Indeed, the size of the coefficients grows exponentielly along the algorithm. To avoid this problem, it is possible to reduce the code, in order to compute in a finite field. Finally, we design a family of space-time codes, based on generalised Gabidulin codes. We see that our codes have performances similar to those of existing codes, and that they have additional structure
Ferré, Guillaume. „Codage spatio-temporel et techniques de décodage itératives pour systèmes multi-antennes : diversité temps espace, turbo détection, systèmes en couches“. Limoges, 2006. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/c6c2657a-ec3b-4d9b-8c63-ec8142d254f7/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0043.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work, propose some system architectures which are able to suppress as better as possible the MIMO system interferences. First we have generalized SOSTTC concept, for three transmit antenna case, by using set partitioning. We propose a new STBC design for the case of three transmit antennas. Our goal is to show that it is possible to build powerful STTC codes with STBC designs with maximum transmission rate, even in the case where orthogonality is broken. Then, we studied serial and parallel concatenation to obtain turbo receivers. We found that if we use our new code in a serial concatenation with the Vucetic's turbo STTC, we are able to obtain outstanding performances. At the end, we present two new architectures of layered space-time codes. First we show a combination of BLAST architecture and of special STTC codes which are developed in the previous part, and second, we combine irregular LDPC codes with BLAST architecture
SIMONIAN, ALAIN. „Loi asymptotique de temps de sortie et applications“. Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN10040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbouseif, Akram. „Emerging DSP techniques for multi-core fiber transmission systems“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAT013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOptical communication systems have seen several phases in the last decades. It is predictable that the optical systems as we know will reach the non-linear capacity limits. At the moment, the space is the last degree of freedom to be implemented in order to keep delivering the upcoming capacity demands for the next years. Therefore, intensive researches are conducted to explore all the aspects concerning the deployment of the space-division multiplexing (SDM) system. Several impairments impact the SDM systems as a result from the interaction of the spatial channels which degrades the system performance. In this thesis, we focus on the multi-core fibers (MCFs) as the most promising approach to be the first representative of the SDM system. We present different digital and optical solutions to mitigate the non-unitary effect known as the core dependent loss (CDL). The first part is dedicated to study the performance of the MCF transmission taking into account the propagating impairments that impact the MCF systems. We propose a channel model that helps to identify the MCFs system. The second part is devoted to optical technique to enhance the transmission performance with an optimal solution. After, we introduced digital techniques for further enhancement, the Zero Forcing pre-compensation and the space-time coding for further CDL mitigation. All the simulation results are validated analytically by deriving the error probability upper bounds
Abdallah, Laure. „Worst-case delay analysis of core-to-IO flows over many-cores architectures“. Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/17836/1/abdallah_2.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmhoud, El Mehdi. „Coding techniques for space-division multiplexed optical fiber systems“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn a very fast pace, the last two decades have known an exponential growth in the demand for more optical network capacity, this growth was mainly caused by the built-out of the Internet and the growing traffic generated by an increasing number of users. Since frequency, time, phase, polarization have already been used to satisfy the demand for bandwidth, space-division multiplexing (SDM) remains the only available degree of freedom that can be used in optical transmission systems in order to increase the capacity. However, interactions between spatial channels in the same propagation medium is inevitable. These interactions, if not compensated, result in impairments that deteriorate the system performance. For this purpose, intensive research is being carried out in recent years in order to provide advanced signal processing capable to deal with these impairments in spatial multiplexing systems. Motivated by the potential role of multi-mode fibers (MMFs) in future SDM systems, in this thesis, we present modern coding solutions to mitigate the non-unitary crosstalk known as mode-dependent loss (MDL) that affects spatial modes of MMFs resulting in degraded system performance
Palmieri, Igor. „Modelagem de sinais neuronais utilizando filtros lineares de tempo discreto“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3139/tde-11072016-162720/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe experimental acquisition of neuronal signals is a major advance in neuroscience. Through observations of electric current and potential in a brain region, it is possible to understand the physiological processes involved in the action potential generation, and create mathematical models capable of simulating the behavior of the neuronal cell. A common practice in this kind of experiment is to obtain readings from an array of electrodes positioned in a medium shared by several neurons, which results in a mixture of neuronal signals in the same time series. This work proposes a discrete-time linear model of the neuronal signal during the firing of the cell. The coefficients of this model are estimated using real samples of the neuronal signals obtained in vivo. The conceived modeling process employs system identification and signal processing concepts, and is dissociated from any considerations about the biophysical function of the neuronal cell, providing a low-complexity alternative to model the neuronal spike. In addition, the use of a linear representation allows the idealization of an inverse system, whose main purpose is to recover the original signal of each active neuron in a given extracellular mixture. In this context, some solutions based on adaptive filters are discussed for the inverse model simulation, introducing a new approach to the problem of neuronal spike separation.
Chetoui, Manel. „Identification de systèmes par modèle non entier à partir de signaux d'entrée sortie bruités“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00989549.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOuertani, Rym. „Algorithmes de décodage pour les systèmes multi-antennes à complexité réduite“. Phd thesis, Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00718214.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMIMO systems offer large capacity. Several decoders of such systems exist in the literature. Unfortunately, their complexity increases drastically with the lattice dimension and the constellation size. Then, we propose a sequential algorithm (SB-Stack) based on the stack decoder search strategy and the sphere decoder search region. The proposed decoder outperforms the existing ones in term of complexity while achieving ML performance. Furthermore, introducing a bias parameter, the SB-Stack gives a range of performances from ML to ZF-DFE with proportional complexities. So, different performance/complexity trade-offs could be obtained. When channel coding is used, soft decoding becomes necessary. The SB-Stack is then extended to support soft-output detection. A straightforward idea was to exploit the nodes stored in the stack at the end of hard decoding process to calculate LLR. The gain of such method is rather large then classical soft decoders. The big variation of the complexity between low and high SNR is an additional problem because of the variable decoding time. We propose an adaptive decoder based on the SB-Stack that switches between several decoders according to the channel realization and the system specifications. This decoder has an almost constant complexity while keeping good performance. Lattice reduction is used to accelerate the decoding of infinite lattice. Using the MMSE-GDFE, it becomes possible to apply lattice reduction when finite constellations are considered. Therefore, interesting results are obtained when considering MIMO schemes combining the lattice reduction, the MMSE-GDFE process and the sequential decoders given previously
Ouertani, Rym. „Algorithmes de décodage pour les systèmes multi-antennes à complexité réduite“. Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00718214.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFravalo-Tane, Pascale. „"À la recherche du temps perdu" en France et en Allemagne : 1913-1958 : "dans une sorte de langue étrangère /“. Paris : H. Champion, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41412516r.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBibliogr. p. 437-450. Index.
Baysse, Arnaud. „Contributions à l'identification paramétrique de modèles à temps continu : extensions de la méthode à erreur de sortie, développement d'une approche spécifique aux systèmes à boucles imbriquées“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0047/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe research works presented in this thesis are about contributions in continuous time model parametric identication. The rst work is the development of an output error method applied on linear models, in open and closed loop. The algorithms are presented for continuous time models, using in-line or oine approaches. The method is extended to the case of the linear systems containing pure time delay. The developed method is applied to several systems and compared to the best existing methods. The second contribution is the development of a new identication approach for cascaded loop systems. This approach is developed for identifying electromechanical systems. It is based on the use of a generic parametric model of electromechanical drives in closed loop, on the knowledge of the movement laws applied and called excitations, and on the analyse of the time internal signals and their correlations with the parameters to identify. This approach is developed for identifying direct current and synchronous drives. The approach is applied with simulations and experimental tests. The obtained results are compared to best identifying known methods
Cormier, Marie-Andrée. „LA SPATIALISATION DE L'IMAGE VIDÉO. Exit, sortir du cadre pour voir“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27643/27643.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePouch, Sylvain. „Nano caractérisation de matériaux pour le photovoltaïque par microscopie en champ proche et spectroscopie électronique : mesures de travail de sortie et de temps de vie de porteurs“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10197/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePhotovoltaic technologies represent a great hope for actual energetic issues. We are now working with the third generation of solar cells, composed of nano structured devices. At these levels, the performances measured by conventional techniques are averaged. In order to access local physical quantities, advanced characterization technics have to be developed. The goal of this thesis is the local measurement of work function and carrier lifetime by atomic force microscopy and electron spectroscopy. After a historical overview on photovoltaic technologies and a detailed explanation of the operating principle of the characterization techniques, we present three studies:1) A work function measurement on silicon-germanium heterostructures by XPEEM and KFM, to demonstrate the complementarity of these techniques. We saw that both are able of imaging small (10 meV) work function variations, and have revealed a contrast inversion effect due to a surface state.2) A work function measurement by KFM on III-V materials. We saw that the maximum spatial resolution is dependent on a bend bending covering effect, highlighted with a self-consistent simulation of the surface potential.3) A technique giving access to carrier lifetime mappings, through the acquisition of several KFM images as a function of frequency modulated illumination. This technique has been successfully applied to an PBTFB-PCBM organic solar cell
Lauvergnat, Ronan. „Théorèmes limites pour des marches aléatoires markoviennes conditionnées à rester positives“. Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS451/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe consider a real random walk whose increments are constructed by a Markov chain definedon an abstract space. We suppose that the random walk is centred and that the dependence of the Markov walk in its past decreases exponentially fast (due to the spectral gap property). We study the first time when the random walk exits the positive half-line and prove that the asymptotic behaviour of the survey probability is inversely proportional to the square root of the time. We extend also to our Markovian model the following result of random walks with independent increments: the asymptotic law of the random walk renormalized and conditioned to stay positive is the Rayleigh law. Subsequently, we restrict our model to the cases when the Markov chain defining the increments of the random walk takes its values on a finite state space. Under this assumption and the condition that the walk is non-lattice, we complete our results giving local theorems for the random walk conditioned to stay positive. Finally, we apply these developments to branching processes under a random environment defined by a Markov chain taking its values on a finite state space. We give the asymptotic behaviour of the survey probability of the process in the critical case and the three subcritical cases (strongly, intermediate and weakly)
Blanc, Alain-Philippe. „Étude des équations de Hamilton-Jacobi avec des conditions de Dirichlet discontinues et applications aux problèmes de contrôle optimal avec temps de sortie et aux problèmes de grandes déviations“. Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR4004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSentouh, Chouki. „Analyse du risque et détection de situations limites : application au développement des systèmes d'alerte au conducteur“. Phd thesis, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00419414.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChouaba, Seif Eddine. „Contribution à l'estimation des modèles linéaires à paramètres variants à temps continu. Application à la modélisation des échangeurs de chaleur“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2257/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe research work presented in this thesis is a contribution to the estimation of Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) models in continuous-time. First, a quasi-LPV modeling of heat exchangers is tackled in an original way. This quasi-LPV model is meant to be used for fouling detection (during transient phases). A step-by-step description of the methodology is given on how to model a cross flow heat exchanger. Applying the same approach on a counter flow shows its genericity in the heat exchanger field. A local method, based on an estimation of LTI models for different operating points, is used to build the LPV model by interpolation of the various LTI model parameters. The resulting quasi-LPV model for a clean heat exchanger can thus be used for fouling detection by comparison of real and model outputs for the same input signals. Secondly, this work concerns the identification of continuous-time input-output LPV systems through a global approach. A practical solution for the direct identification of such systems is proposed. It is based on the use of an output-error algorithm initialized by an equation error based approach, the reinitialized partial moment's method. Simulations illustrate the performance of the proposed approach
Mihaita, Adriana. „Approche probabiliste pour la commande orientée évènement des systèmes stochastiques à commutation“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT036/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHybrid systems are dynamical systems, characterized by a dual behaviour, a continuousinteraction between a discrete and a continuous functioning part. The center ofour work is represented by a particular class of hybrid systems, more specific by thestochastic switching systems which we model using continuous time Markov chains anddifferential equations.The random behaviour of such systems requires a special command which adapts tothe arbitrary events that can completely change the evolution of the system. We chose anevent-based control policy which is triggered only when it’s necessary (on an unforeseenevent - for example when a threshold that is reached), and until certain functioningconditions are met (the system returns in the normal state).Our approach aims to develop a probabilistic model that calculates a performancecriterion (in this case the energy of the system) for the proposed control policy. We startby proposing a discrete event simulation for the controlled stochastic switching system,which gives us the opportunity of applying a direct optimisation of the control command.It also allows us to compare the results with the ones obtained by the analytical modelswe have built when the event-based control is applied.An analytical model for computing the energy consumed by the system to apply thecontrol is designed by using the exit probabilities of the control region, respectively, thesojourn times of the Markov chain before and after reaching the control limits. The lastpart of this work presents the results we have obtained when comparing the analyticaland the simulation method
Mihaita, Adriana, und Adriana Mihaita. „Approche probabiliste pour la commande orientée évènement des systèmes stochastiques à commutation“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770325.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTugaut, Julian. „Processus auto-stabilisants dans un paysage multi-puits“. Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFravalo-Tane, Pascale. „"Dans une sorte de langue étrangère. . . " : réception d'"À la recherche du temps perdu" de Marcel Proust en France et en Allemagne : une étude comparée (1913-1958)“. Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe reception of À la recherche du temps perdu in France and in Germany, from the publishing of the first volume to its unabridged translation in Germany in 1913, reveals a combination of ideological, political and aesthetic factors. Admired and despised in turn, Proust's novel sparks off fierce debate. Academic works outline a wide range of twentieth-century criticisms; along with other kinds of accounts (newspaper articles, letters), they show how complicated the French-German transferences are. The recognition esthablished by the Goncourt Prize in 1919 and the first studies (Crémieux, Pierre-Quint) are followed by a period of disgrace (1926-1945) including rich criticisms (Curtius, Benjamin, Spitzer). After 1945, France turns to Proust again (Poulet) and Germany, thanks to some intellectuals (Jauss, Adorno) rediscovers a novel likely to become a “ new literary paradigm ”
Bonafé, Valeria Muelas. „A casa e a represa, a sorte e o corte ou: A composição musical enquanto imaginação de formas, sonoridades, tempos [e espaços]“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27157/tde-15052017-160903/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is located in a convergence zone between composition and research. The intent is to investigate, understand and share my own creative process in an exercise of self-analysis where researcher and composer need to negotiate a common view. Therefore, I selected as object of study a set of three pieces composed in the context of my PhD project: LAN (2011), A menina que virou chuva (2013) and I am [where?], making a personal trajectory of listening (2015). From LAN I seek to outline the conceptual universe that runs through my thoughts and my artistic practice, creating a tangle of issues related to the themes form, time and sonority. In A menina que virou chuva I delve into the work of musical analysis exemplifying some more technical and specific procedures of musical construction and elaboration. Finally, in I am in [where?] I present a kind of diary/board report of composition, recovering the genealogy of the piece and showing a bit more my way of working. Although it is not addressed more directly at the conceptual level, the subject space also runs through this research.
Dubrovskaya, Anna. „Sortie d'une temporalité suspendue : entre le parental et le fraternel : le sujet en quête des repères oedipiens“. Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe current social link mutation raises multiple issues about its impact on the subjectivity processes. Considering this we studied identity’s construction of children and teenagers, and in particular oedipal problematic and connected questions: identifications, oedipal promise and temporality. Using projective tests (drawings and « Pattenoire Test ») these processeswere investigated among 5-15 years old French children. Peer figure appeared in our results as a main identification reference and relationship with parents keeps archaic pre-oedipal nature. This horizontal link complicates the access to the difference between the generations and to the psychical temporality as well. Thus Oedipus complex « bug » troubles the development of the «transitional» capacity which gives access to the creativity. Thisphenomenon is especially evident at the teenage, when subject has now to seek for new arrangements to get out of the temporality suspended to the relationship with parents in the imaginary register
Jiang, Wei. „Contrôle de la formation et du confinement variable dans le temps et entièrement distribué pour les systèmes multi-agents/ multi-robots“. Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0016/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the time-varying formation and containment control for linear time-invariant multi-agent systems with heterogeneity considering constant / time-varying input / output delays and matched / mismatched disturbances under directed and fixed communication topology. New formats of time-varying formation shapes for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems are proposed. The controllers, which are designed based on predictive and adaptive techniques with observer technique, are fully distributed and can be applied to large-scale systems. The application on linearized heterogeneous multi mobile robot systems is verified
Ben, Jmaa Chtourou Yomna. „Implémentation temps réel des algorithmes de tri dans les applications de transports intelligents en se basant sur l'outil de synthèse haut niveau HLS“. Thesis, Valenciennes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019VALE0013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIntelligent transport systems play an important role in minimizing accidents, traffic congestion, and air pollution. Among these systems, we mention the avionics domain, which uses in several cases the sorting algorithms, which are one of the important operations for real-time embedded applications. However, technological evolution is moving towards more and more complex architectures to meet the application requirements. In this respect, designers find their ideal solution in reconfigurable computing, based on heterogeneous CPU / FPGA architectures that house multi-core processors (CPUs) and FPGAs that offer high performance and adaptability to real-time constraints. Of the application. The main objective of my work is to develop hardware implementations of sorting algorithms on the heterogeneous CPU / FPGA architecture by using the high-level synthesis tool to generate the RTL design from the behavioral description. This step requires additional efforts on the part of the designer in order to obtain an efficient hardware implementation by using several optimizations with different use cases: software, optimized and nonoptimized hardware and for several permutations / vectors generated using the generator pf permutation based on Lehmer method. To improve performance, we calculated the runtime, standard deviation and resource number used for sorting algorithms by considering several data sizes ranging from 8 to 4096 items. Finally, we compared the performance of these algorithms. This algorithm will integrate the applications of decision support, planning the flight plan
Berglund, Nils. „Equations différentielles stochastiques singulièrement perturbées“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004304.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChamroo, Afzal. „Contribution à l'étude des Systèmes à Fonctionnement par Morceaux : Application à l'Identification en Ligne et à la commande en Temps Réel“. Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00374158.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLehoux, Vassilissa. „Théorie et applications en ordonnancement : contraintes de ressources et tâches agrégées en catégories“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997319.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePhun, Xuan Lan. „Intermittent transport processes on surfaces“. Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2034/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHow do proteins find their way towards the rare places on DNA molecules where they need to go in order to perpetuate the life process ? Many recent works tend to show that only an intermittent dynamics, that is a dynamics with two or more regimes, allows this process. The main goal of this PhD is a rigorous study of a simplified model of intermittent dynamics. In this model the molecule alternates diffusion in the bulk with a different kind of diffusion on the surface until it reaches its target consisting in a small window on the surface. The time spent by the molecule on the surface is naturally modeled as following an exponential law with parameter λ. The main result of this thesis is to show that, whatever the parameters are, a pure bulk strategy is never optimal, thus reinforcing the hypothesis of intermittent dynamics. One also characterizes the case where the optimal timed is attained for λ > 0. The new mathematical tool is the introduction of a self-adjoint operator and the use of its orthonormal basis of eigenvectors. This tool allows to obtain a precise asymptotic behavior of the mean exit time for λ large. Besides that a new geometrical model is developed, called the torus model. This new model carries a new parameter, namely its modulus. It is shown in this thesis that for some values of the modulus the optimized exit time is significantly (allowing experimental checking for instance) shorter than the pure bulk search
Mora, Gómez Luis Fernando. „Bifurcations dans des systèmes avec bruit : applications aux sciences sociales et à la physique“. Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4228.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBifurcations in continuous dynamical systems, i.e., those described by ordinary differential equations, are found in a multitude of models such as those used to study phenomena related to physical, chemical, biological, ecological, economic and social systems. Using this concept as a unifying idea, in this thesis, we apply it to model and explore both Social as well as Physical systems. In the first part of this thesis we apply tools of statistical physics and bifurcation theory to model a problem of binary decision in Social Sciences. We find an scheme to predict the appearance of extreme jumps in these systems based on the notion of precursors which act as a kind of warning signal for the upcoming appearance of these catastrophic events. We also solve a mathematical model of social collapse based on a logistic re-growing equation used to model population grow and how limited resources change grow patterns. This model exhibits subcritical bifurcations and its relation to the social phenomenon of sunk-cost effect is studied. This last phenomenon explains how past investments affect current decisions and the combination of both phenomena is used as a model to explain the disintegration of some ancient societies, based on evidence from archeological records. In the second part of this thesis, we study macroscopic systems described by multidimensional stochastic differential equations or equivalently by their deterministic counterpart, the multidimensional FokkerPlanck equation. A new and alternative scheme of computation based on Path Integrals, related to stochastic processes is introduced in order to calculate the Probability Distribution Function. The computations based on this Path Integral scheme are performed on systems in one and two dimensions and contrasted to some soluble models completely validating this method. We also extended this scheme to the case of computation of Mean Exit Time, finding a new expression for each computation in systems in arbitrary dimensions. It is worth noting that in case of two-dimensional dynamical systems, the computations of both the probability distribution function as well as of the mean exit time validated the Path Integral scheme and the perspective for continuing this line of work are based on the fact that this method is valid for both arbitrary non gradient systems and noise intensities. This opens the possibility to explore new cases, for which no methods are known to obtain them
Le, Peutrec Dorian. „Études de petites valeurs propres du Laplacien de Witten“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00452849.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOmnès, Thierry J.-F. „Acropolis : un précompilateur de spécification pour l'exploration du transfert et du stockage des données en conception de systèmes embarqués à Haut Débit“. Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP0995.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVerlaine, Lionel. „Optimisation des requêtes dans une machine bases de données“. Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066532.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChampagnat, Nicolas. „Étude mathématique de modèles stochastiques d'évolution issus de la théorie écologique des dynamiques adaptatives“. Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00091929.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInan, Ceren. „Dynamique démographique de la population active occupée en France“. Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814734.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCheaytou, Rima. „Etude des méthodes de pénalité-projection vectorielle pour les équations de Navier-Stokes avec conditions aux limites ouvertes“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4715.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMotivated by solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with open boundary conditions, this thesis studies the Vector Penalty-Projection method denoted VPP, which is a splitting method in time. We first present a literature review of the projection methods addressing the issue of the velocity-pressure coupling in the incompressible Navier-Stokes system. First, we focus on the case of Dirichlet conditions on the entire boundary. The numerical tests show a second-order convergence in time for both the velocity and the pressure. They also show that the VPP method is fast and cheap in terms of number of iterations at each time step. In addition, we established for the Stokes problem optimal error estimates for the velocity and pressure and the numerical experiments are in perfect agreement with the theoretical results. However, the incompressibility constraint is not exactly equal to zero and it scales as O(varepsilondelta t) where $varepsilon$ is a penalty parameter chosen small enough and delta t is the time step. Moreover, we deal with the natural outflow boundary condition. Three types of outflow boundary conditions are presented and numerically tested for the projection step. We perform quantitative comparisons of the results with those obtained by other methods in the literature. Besides, a theoretical study of the VPP method with outflow boundary conditions is stated and the numerical tests prove to be in good agreement with the theoretical results. In the last chapter, we focus on the numerical study of the VPP scheme with a nonlinear open artificial boundary condition modelling a singular load for the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes problem