Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Telia Company“

The telecommunication company Telia’s dealings in Uzbekistan have resulted in bribery accusations both in Sweden and in abroad. The article analyzes the defense mechanisms produced by both the corporation and the prosecuted former executives of the company. Telia’s initially denial eventually changed into a partial acknowledgment in combination with a scapegoating discourse. While Telia hardly defended itself at all in the Swedish court, the company’s former executives employed a defense of legality, denial of knowledge, of deviance, and of responsibility as well as a claim of being scapegoated. We discuss these developments in the light of the transformation of the Telia case from a mediated corporate scandal to a criminal court case and from a focus on organizational to individual responsibility.

As an organisational failure may teach more than an organisational success, this article describes the failed foreign investments of two Finnish stateowned enterprises (SOEs), namely Sonera and Stora Enso. In 2000, Sonera acquired a mobile phone licence in Germany and Italy for USD 4,000 million. Two years later, it turned out that the licence was worthless. In turn, Stora Enso acquired an American paper firm for USD 5,000 million in 2000, but seven years later Stora Enso sold this US unit at a loss of USD 2,000–3,000 million. These two cases reveal that the major reason for these failures was the inability of SOE management to predict business development. Other major reasons for failure were the conflicting motives of the management and the company (the main shareholder), and inadequate state control. Passive control of the state may encourage SOE management to exercise adventurous investment policies and take major risks. In Sonera’s case, unrealistic risk taking led to serious financial difficulties, and finally, to a forced sale of the entire group to Telia, the Swedish telecom company. Stora Enso’s stronger financial position saved it from an organisational failure. A lesson to policy-makers: a responsible minister and the minister’s subordinates should exercise a more active ownership policy and keep the political interests of his/her party subordinate to the strategic interests of the state. Recent public discussion on SOE governance in Finland reveals that the Finnish Government still experiences difficulties in fully digesting the wisdom of the OECD Guidelines of Corporate Governance of StateOwned Enterprises.

This article analyzes Oscar Bony's work La Familia Obrera (1968), in which a working class family sat on view in the gallery of the Instituto Di Tella in Buenos Aires. What might be read from the transformation of a working class family into a work of art? How was Bony's own artistic labor reconfigured in the process? How did Bony's display of a working class family engage with both the context of the Instituto Di Tella—an extension of Argentina's most prominent industrial company—and the demands for productivity made by the developmentalist dictatorship of Juan Carlos Onganía? In other words, how was this work entangled in the contradictions of modernization and, more specifically, the transnational corporations with which the Di Tella family's operations were collaborating? By May of 1968, the Instituto Di Tella had become notorious not purely for its often outrageous experiments with media and performance art but also for its funding sources, namely the Ford and Rockefeller foundations. Amidst the mobilization of the Left, many artists in Argentina that year would reject cultural institutions in favor of quasi-activist projects in the public realm, so as to imagine themselves as cultural workers. With La Familia Obrera, Bony, by contrast, produced an institutionally- reflexive gesture, negotiated from within. But much as artists and intellectuals began to understand the Di Tella as a Trojan Horse of transnational capital, so too was Bony's work not exactly what it appeared, manipulating its public through processes of surrogation.

Windflower (Pulsatilla spp.) is a perennial medicinal plant in the Ranunculaceae with high economic value as well as medicinal value in China. It is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine. In 2007, two species, Pulsatilla koreana Nakai and P. chinensis Regel, were observed with severe rust symptoms at three locations (Shenyang City, Benxi City, and Fushun County) in Liaoning, China. The diseased area was estimated to be more than 500 ha and the yield was reduced by 30% on average with up to 65% yield losses in some fields. Since its first record in 2007, the disease has been recorded every year in parts of China. A survey of all cultivated fields in August 2011 revealed that 90% of the Pulsatilla plants were heavily infected with rust. Early symptoms on the adaxial leaf surfaces were small, circular, yellow spots that later enlarged, coalesced, and developed necrotic centers. On the abaxial side, numerous yellow rust uredinia were visible. Urediniospores are globose or ellipsoidal, sometimes angular in shape, with a yellowish content, and measured 22.6 to 39.4 × 15.2 to 23.9 μm. Spore walls were coarsely verrucose when examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Telia and teliospores were observed in mid-August. Hypophyllous telia often formed around uredinial clusters. Telia were 0.3 to 1.1 mm wide and erumpent with numerous teliospores in a compact layer. Teliospores were clavate, oblong to ellipsoidal, 60.2 to 120.8 × 12.1 to 24.4 μm, gelatinous, and one celled. Teliospores were four celled with the division of the protoplast into an internal four-celled basidium. Pathogenicity tests included inoculation of young P. koreana plants by spraying a urediniospore suspension (30,000 spores/ml of deionized water). Inoculated plants were incubated at 25°C for 48 h, and typical rust symptoms and uredinia developed in 10 to 15 days. On the basis of symptomatology, the host, and morphology of uredinial and telia, the fungus was identified as Coleosporium pulsatillae (Str.) Lév (2). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified using ITS1-F and ITS4-B primers (3), and an amplified product of 817 bp, specific for the species C. pulsatillae, was obtained. The sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. JQ029765). Although this pathogen has been mentioned as part of a fungal species survey from China, it was not fully described (4). This pathogen has been reported on Anemone chinensis in Austria, Sibiria (2), and Korea (1). It has not been reported from anywhere else in China. To our knowledge, this is the first fully described record and most severe outbreak of C. pulsatillae on windflower. References: (1) W. D. Cho and H. D. Shin. List of Plant Diseases in Korea. Korean Society of Plant Pathology, Seoul, Korea, 2004. (2) J. B. De-Toni. Sylloge Fungorum 7:754, 1888. (3) M. Gardes et al. Mol. Ecol. 2:113, 1993. (4) F. L. Tai. Sylloge Fungorum Sinicorum. Science Press, Beijing, 1979.

OBJECT Neurosurgical patties are textile pads used during most neurosurgical operations to protect tissues, manage the fluid environment, control hemostasis, and aid tissue manipulation. Recent research has suggested that, contrary to their aim, patties adhere to brain tissue and cause damage during removal. This study aimed to characterize and quantify the degree of and consequences resulting from adhesion between neurosurgical patties and brain tissue. METHODS Using a customized peel apparatus, the authors performed 90° peel tests on 5 patty products: Policot, Telfa, Americot, Delicot, and Ray-Cot (n = 247) from American Surgical Company. They tested 4 conditions: wet patty on glass (control), wet patty on wet brain peeled at 5 mm/sec (wet), dry patty on wet brain peeled at 5 mm/sec (dry), and wet patty on wet brain peeled at 20 mm/sec (speed). The interaction between patty and tissue was analyzed using peel-force traces and pre-peel histological analysis. RESULTS Adhesion strength differed between patty products (p < 0.001) and conditions (p < 0.001). Adhesion strength was greatest for Delicot patties under wet (2.22 mN/mm) and dry (9.88 mN/mm) conditions. For all patties, damage at the patty-tissue interface was proportional to the degree of fiber contact. When patties were irrigated, mechanical adhesion was reduced by up to 550% compared with dry usage. CONCLUSIONS For all patty products, mechanical (destructive) and liquid-mediated (nondestructive) adhesion caused damage to neural tissue. The greatest adhesion occurred with Delicot patties. To mitigate patty adhesion and neural tissue damage, surgeons should consider regular irrigation to be essential during neurosurgical procedures.

Following an exhaustive review of published molecular data and morphological characters, we propose a new generic classification for the Cyprinodontiform family Aphaniidae. The generic concept applied is based on monophyly, reasonable compactness, and morphological diagnoses. The proposed genera are monophyletic and compact groups that can be diagnosed by a combination of morphological characters. All species in Aphaniidae are morphologically homogeneous and have similar scale patterns, fin positions, and meristic characters. However, only a handful of morphological characters, including colour patterns, permit identification. We propose separation of Aphaniidae into eight monophyletic genera: Anatolichthys, Aphaniops, Aphanius, Kosswigichthys, Paraphanius, and Tellia, in addition to the new genera Esmaeilius and Apricaphanius, which are described for the species of the A. sophiae and A. iberus species groups, respectively. The original description of Aphanius hormuzensis does not fulfil the criteria of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, therefore this taxon is re-described as A. teimorii. Esmaeilius arakensis, E. kavirensis, E. mesopotamicus, and E. pluristriatus are treated as synonyms of E. sophiae. Esmaeilius farsicus is a junior synonym of E. persicus (Jenkins, 1910). The fossil genus Brachylebias is considered as incertae sedis since it lacks diagnostic characters which would permit it to be assigned to any of the extant genera recognised in this study.

Background: The phase II AIM trial (Tam et al, NEJM 2018; NCT02471391), using combination BTK inhibitor ibrutinib (IB) and BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) therapy achieved excellent 16 week complete remission rates (CRR) (primary endpoint; 62%) in patients (pts) with poor prognosis mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), higher than currently approved second line IB monotherapy. Additionally, overall response rate (ORR) by PET of 71%, with attainment of minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity was reported. At the time of primary endpoint analysis (median follow up 15.9 months), median progression free survival (PFS), duration of response (DOR), time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) had not been reached. Herein, we update our results with an additional 21.6 months of follow-up and report the outcomes of pts who electively interrupted treatment. Methods: Pts with MCL who had relapsed or refractory disease (R/R; n=23) or were treatment naïve but inappropriate for chemotherapy (n=1) were enrolled. Pts commenced treatment with IB 560mg/d for 4 weeks, followed by weekly ramp-up of VEN to 400mg/d. Initially, pts were intended to continue IB and VEN until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity; a later amendment allowed pts to electively interrupt both drugs if MRD-negative CR was reached. Pts who elected to interrupt therapy were closely monitored by peripheral blood flow MRD testing and regular CT scans, and were allowed to recommence both study drugs at MRD recrudescence or clinical progression. Results: Median age was 68 years (range, 47-81), median number of previous treatments was 2 (range, 0 to 6), and 50% had aberrations of TP53. As previously reported, the flow MRD-negative and ASO-PCR MRD-negative rates were 67% and 38%, respectively. For the current analysis, the median follow-up was 37.5 months (range, 1.4-45.3).The median DOR and TTP had not been reached and were estimated to be 74% and 60% at 30 months, respectively. The median PFS was 29 months (95% CI of 13-NE) (Figure 1), and the median OS was 32 months (95% CI of 27-NE) (Figure 2). For pts with TP53 aberrant MCL (n=12), the CRR was 50% (95% CI 21-79) with and without PET. In this group the ORR was 58% (95% CI 28-85) without PET and 50% (CI 21-79%) with PET. The DOR in 6 responders with TP53 aberrant MCL (excluding one pt with CRu) was 12+, 24+, 26+, 35+, 36+ and 38+ months from study commencement. In contrast, pts with ATM aberrant MCL (n=10) the CRR was 90% (95% CI 55-100) with and without PET, and the ORR was 90% (95% CI 55-100) with and without PET. Of the 9 responders with ATM aberrant MCL, the DOR was 9+, 9+, 12+, 24+, 31+, 35+, 36+, 37+ and 38+ months from study commencement. Of 13 deaths, 8 were due to PD. Of the other 5 deaths, 2 were due to infection, and 1 each to cardiac failure, glioblastoma, and graft versus host disease after an allograft that occurred after PD on trial. Five pts in MRD negative PET-confirmed CR electively interrupted treatment after a median 18.5 months (range 18-33) of therapy: one pt had radiological progression after 7 months, and the other 4 remained free of clinical or MRD progression after 6, 13, 17 and 18 months off therapy. Conclusions: The median PFS for the IB-VEN combination was 29 months. Treatment interruption was feasible for pts in MRD-negative complete remissions, raising the prospect of limited duration targeted-agent therapy in the management of R/R MCL. Disclosures Handunnetti: Gilead: Honoraria; Abbvie: Other: Travel Grant. Anderson:Walter and Eliza Hall Institute: Employment, Patents & Royalties: Institute receives royalties for venetoclax, and I receive a fraction of these.. Hicks:Clarity: Research Funding; Ipsen: Research Funding; Telix Pharmaceuticals: Equity Ownership. Bressel:Regeneron Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy. Koldej:NanoString Technologies: Other: Travel grant. Ritchie:Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy; BMS: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Beigene: Research Funding; Imago: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria. Seymour:Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Acerta: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Roberts:Walter and Eliza Hall Institute: Patents & Royalties: Institute receives royalties for venetoclax, and I receive a fraction of these.; AbbVie: Other: Unremunerated speaker for AbbVie, Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BeiGene: Research Funding. Tam:AbbVie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria; BeiGene: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie company: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding. OffLabel Disclosure: While ibrutinib is FDA approved for use in relapsed and refractory mantle cell lymphoma, venetoclax and combination venetoclax and ibrutinib are not licensed for use in mantle cell lymphoma. The use of venetoclax and ibrutinib for this indication is investigational.

The article presents the semantic history of the word flapper that denotes social stereotype of American culture. Being a multifaceted phenomenon of semantic cognition, a sociocultural stereotype presents a condensed and coded information that develops on the background of a cultural context. The semantic analysis from diachronic perspective sets up a correspondence of Latin origin of the word flapper with Indo-European stem that produced a number of words in Germanic languages. The cognate words of related languages reveal conformity of negative connotations determined by attitude to human weakness in different forms of its manifestations. This presumes historically determined negative connotation of the word flapper. The initial designation was motivated by kinetic characteristic of the object – a vertical movement. The meaning “a young and daring American girl of the 1920s” of the word flapper was semantically motivated. As it was stated, at the moment of designation, youth and immaturity of a girl were conceived of a fledgling image, that traditionally symbolizes inexperience of a youngster. This zoomorphic metaphor acts as the source of categorization of a cultural and social phenomenon “Flapper”. References Апресян Ю. Д. Избранные труды: Т. 1: Лексическая семантика. Синонимическиесредства языка. М.: Языки русской культуры, 1995.Apresyan, Yu. D. (1995). Izbrannyie Trudy: T.1. Leksicheskaya Semantika.Sinonimicheskie Sredstva Yazyka [Lexical Semantics. Synonymic Means of Language].Moscow: Yazyki Russkoy Kultury. Арутюнова Н. Д. Язык и мир человека. Часть IV: В сторону семиотики и стилистики.М.: Высшая школа, 1999.Arutyunova, N. D. (1999). Yazyk i Mir Cheloveka. P. IV: V Storonu Semiotiki i Stilistiki[Language and Human World. Part 4: Towards Semiotics and Stylistics]. Moscow:Vysshaya Shkola. Гумбольдт В. Избранные труды по языкознанию. М.: Прогресс, 1984.Humboldt, W. (1984). Izbrannyie Trudy po Yazyikoznaniyu [Selected Works inLinguistics]. Moscow: Progress. Jackson, F. (1998). From Metaphysics to Ethics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Кифер Ф. О пресуппозициях / Новое в зарубежной лингвистике. М. : 1978, 337–353.Kiefer, F. (1978). O presuppozitsiyah [On Presuppositions]. In: Novoe v Zarubezhnoylingvistike. (337-353), T. M. Nikolayeva, Ed. Moscow: Progress. Laurence, S., Margolis, E. (2003). Concepts and Conceptual Analysis. Philosophy andPhenomenological Research, 67(2), 253–282. McRae, K.; Jones, M. Semantic Memory. (2013). The Oxford Handbook of CognitivePsychology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 206–216. Ogden, C.K, Richards, I.A. (1952). The Meaning of meaning. In: A Study of the Influenceof Language upon Thought and of The Science of Symbolism. With Supplementary Essaysby B. Malinowski and F. G. Crookshank. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Partridge, E. (1938).The World of Words: An Introduction to Language in General and toEnglish and American in Particular. London: George Routledge & Sons. Пирс Ч.С. Избранные произведения. М.: Логос, 2000.Peirce, Ch. S. (2000). Izbrannyie Proizvedeniya [Selected Works]. Moscow: Logos. Потебня А. А. Из записок по русской грамматике. М.: Изд-во Мин-ва просвещенияРСФСР, 1958. Potebnya, A. A. (1958). Iz zapisok po Russkoy Grammatike [From the Notes on RussianGrammar]. Moscow: Ministry of Education of RSFSR. Quiles, C. A., Lopez-Menchero, F. (2009). Grammar of Modern Endo-European. IndoEuropean Language Association. Stalnaker, R. C. (1974). Pragmatic Presuppositions. In: Semantics and Philosophy. (pp.197-230). M. Munitz and P. Unger, (Eds.). N.Y.: New York University Press. Taylor, J. R. (2006). Polysemy and lexicon. In: Cognitive Linguistics: Current ApplicationsAnd Future Perspectives. (pp. 51-81), G. Kristiansen, M. Achard and R. Dirven (eds.).Berlin–New York: Monton de Gruyter. Телия В. Н. Коннотативный аспект семантики номинативных единиц. М.: Наука,1986.Teliya, V. N. (1986). Konnotativnyiy Aspekt Semantiki Nominativnyh Yedinits [ConnotativeAspect in the Meaning of Denotative Units]. Moscow: Nauka. Urban, W. M. (2013). Language and Reality. Philosophy of Language and the Principles ofSymbolism. London and New York: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group. Sources A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language (1966). Vol. I. Dr.Ernest Klein. Barking, Essex: Elsevier Publishing Company. A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English. (1937). E. Partidge. London:Routledge. Chamber’s Dictionary of Etymology. (1999). R. K. Barnhart, Ed. N.Y.: Wilson. Crawfurd, O. A. (1895). A Year of Sport and Natural History. Shooting, Hunting,Coursing, Falconry. London: Chapman and Hall. Retrieved from:https://ia600205.us.archive.org/2/items/cu31924022547263/cu31924022547263.pdf Dalzell, T. (1996). Flappers to Rappers. American Youth Slang. Springfield,Massachusetts: Merriam Webster. Das großen Wörterbuch den Sprach in 10 Bänden, Band 3. (1999). Leipzig–Wien–Zürich:Dudenverlag, Mannheim. Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jakob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm (Nachdruck derErstausgabe 1862). (1999). Band 3. München: Lizenzausgabe des Deutschen TashenbuchVerlages. Duden Deutsches Universal Wörterbuch. (2001). Leipzig–Wien–Zürich: Dudenverlag,Mannheim. Голландско-русский словарь. Под общ. руководством С. А. Миронова. М.: Гос.изд-во ин. и нац. словарей, 1954 Gollandsko-russkiy slovar [Dutch-Russian Dictionary]. (1954). Pod obsch. rukovodstvomS. A. Mironova. M. : Gos. izd-vo in. i nats. Slovarey. Green, R. (1970). The Revels Plays. James the IV. Ed. by N. Sandlers. Welwyn GardenCity, Herts: The Broad Water Press. Indogermanisches Etymologishes Woerterbuch. (1959). Julius Pokorny, (ed). BandI. Bern: Francke. Manipulus Vocabulorum: a Rhyming Dictionary of the English Language. (2001).Ed. H. B. Wheatley. Elibron Classics book a facsimile reprint of a 1867 edition by N. Trübner& Co. London: Adamant Media Corporation. Maugham, W. S. (2007). Of Human Bondage. Winnetka, CA: Norilana. Норвежско-русский словарь. Сост. В. Д. Аракин. М.: Гос. изд-во ин. и нац.словарей, 1963

The development of information technology is currently growing rapidly so that many companies need software products to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of company operations. This makes more and more new information technology (IT) companies cause business competition to become more competitive. PT Telin as an old IT company since 1995 must have a reliable strategy to be able to retain old customers and reach new customers by improving the quality of software products. Quality products will increase customer satisfaction and company value. At present, PT Telin, as one of the largest telecommunications companies providing various types of services to its customers, is aware that there is a lack of service management. The service here is meant to be more focused to internet data service services. This can reduce customer satisfaction and have a negative impact on the company both short and long term. This problem can be influenced by various factors that exist in the company. This can be like business processes, company databases, databases and users that cause shortages that result in poor service to customers so that the SLA exceeds the limits specified in the contract. One of the quality improvements that are widely studied and applied by companies is the DMAIC Method, which is Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control. This method is a method that focuses on improving product quality and increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of all operational processes to meet customer needs and satisfaction. The purpose of using this method is to change the Business Process that is currently running to be better than before and the results of this project are expected to help the company in improving the quality of the company's Management Services to customers and can be better in business development. After all the recommendations in this research are implemented, the estimated sigma level of the quality service management increases by 0.39σ (3.80σ to 4.19σ)

Purpose – The purpose with the study is to get an understanding of how a low-power retailer can incentivize their high-power supplier(s) to improve their supplier on-time delivery performance. The purpose was fulfilled by answering the two research questions: How does power asymmetry influence supplier on-time delivery performance in a low-power retailer and high-power supplier context? How can low-power retailers work with high-power suppliers to increase their supplier on-time delivery performance? Method – To answer the research questions, both theoretical and empirical data was required. A literature study was conducted to gather relevant theories about on-time delivery performance and supplier relations. To get the required empirical data, a case study was conducted at a case company that suited the subject. The case study consisted of multiple interviews and document studies. This enabled for an analysis in the form of pattern matching in order to answer the research questions and thereby fulfill the purpose. Findings – The power asymmetry between a supplier and a retailer influences the supplier on-time delivery performance in several ways. The low-power retailer can experience difficulties with setting the demands they need. Having to deal with high-power suppliers while being a low-power retailer has its challenges when a satisfying level of supplier on-time delivery performance is needed. The study found four appropriate ways for low-power retailers to work with high-power suppliers to get improved supplier on-time delivery performance. Improvement and changes can be done, these could be major and minor, internal and external. Implications – Both practical and theoretical implications have been provided. The practical implications are that the low-power retailer needs to know their power position in the dyadic relation and act accordingly to enable for a satisfying level of supplier on-time delivery performance.The theoretical implications are that this study has filled a knowledge gap regarding improvement of supplier on-time delivery performance. The knowledge gap would be the power asymmetry subject from a low-power retailers’ perspective. Not much attention has been devoted into this subject.Limitations – The limitation with this study was conducting a case study. The results are limited to this type of telecommunication retailing company. The case study was the choice of method as it gave a deeper understanding for the subject. Keywords – On-time delivery performance, supplier relations, power asymmetry, dyadic relationships

The transition of businesses to the digital marketplace has presented many opportunities and challenges for e-commerce and ICT services providers. This research was carried out during the ongoing diffusion of a technological innovation, at Telia Company's Content Delivery Network (CDN) unit, in a bid to understand the technology adoption process. The researchers' approachwas to get insights from different stakeholders in the Swedish e-commerce industry and to compare the qualitative research findings with theoretical secondary data and definitions. Six interviews were performed, constituting the empirical data. After the analysis and discussion of the results and frameworks, the researchers propose a merged theoretical framework thatcould be used for designing compelling value propositions, and as such improve the conveying of the value of an offering. The thesis concludes with recommendations to further validate the proposed framework through further research.

Since agile execution of projects has become more frequently used the discovery that the surroundings of the projects are not always compatible has been made. The problematic within the area is traditional accounting restrictions and cost estimation. The purpose with this research is to develop a procurement method that facilitates for agile execution of projects. Previous research proves that the agile principles can be used in a procurement process successfully, but with focus on facilitating on the procurement itself and not on the agile execution. This research includes theories about the agile estimation models and requirement prioritizing methods. The method used to complete this research is design science, which includes six steps to ensure reproducibility and validity. This research resulted in a procurement method that includes three methods and two phases with focus on minimizing the pre-study, with focus on only the most important requirements only. The procurer will then attend the agile execution and both procurer and executer enter the project with the mindset that the initial budget- and time estimation will be increased. Both procurer and executor works together towards the same goal, maximum customer value for minimum cost. The method is tested beside two projects conducted by Telia Company and the test result is that the generated solution reduces the total cost of the project and time to generate project result and facilitates for an agile execution. This research concludes that an agile procurement can facilitate agile execution of project but before agile procurement can be a recommendation more tests are needed.

Sustainability has become a strategic and high priority focus area in today’s society. Responsible Business is an important part of the work towards a sustainable society, and Telia Company is one of the companies that actively works to take that responsibility. What is important when it comes to sustainability work in organizations is to look at a longer perspective than just the internal organization. Telia Company has a complex network of suppliers that extend around the world and influencing their sustainabilitywork is therefore critical in order to be able to take that responsibility.This qualitative study was carried out in collaboration with Telia Company with theaim of investigating how the company’s sustainability work in the supply chain can be developed with a code of conduct for suppliers. Today, Telia Company has a process for responsible sourcing where one of the cornerstones is their Supplier Code of Conduct document with requirements agreed and signed by suppliers and followed up by Telia Company continuously. The study’s questions were answered by performing mainly two analyzes. The first analysis is an Industry Peer Benchmarking. Based on the analysis of their sustainability processes within the supply chain, the results show that Telia Company in comparison has good and responsible sustainability work in place in its operations to manage risks in the supply chain. In the second part, an analysis is performed on a selection of Telia Company’s customers to examine how the company meets their set sustainability requirements. The results show that the company meets customers’ requirements in an overall way and that requirements are also in place to pass on these expectations to subcontractors. Previous research and studies also show a paradigm shift where digitalization and new trends are growing in society and affecting customers’ awareness. Accordingly, the measures that is proposed to Telia Company for further development of its supplier requirements are to perform trend analysis and market analysis continuously to meet the stakeholders’ requirements both today and inthe future.
Hållbarhet har blivit en strategisk och högt prioriterad fråga i dagens samhälle. Ansvarsfullt företagande är en viktig del i arbetet mot ett hållbart samhälle, och Telia Company är ett av de företagen som aktivt arbetar med att ta det ansvaret. Det som är viktigt vad gäller hållbarhetsarbete i organisationer är att se till ett längre perspektiv än enbart den interna organisationen. Telia Company har ett komplext nät av leverantörer som sträcker sig världen över, och att påverka deras hållbarhetsarbete är därför kritiskt för att kunna ta sitt ansvar. Denna kvalitativa studie utfördes i samarbete med Telia Company med syftet att undersöka hur bolagets hållbarhetsarbete i försörjningskedjan kan utvecklas med en uppförandekod för leverantörer. Idag har Telia Company en process för ansvarsfulla inköp där en av byggstenarna är deras Supplier Code of Conduct dokument med krav som godkänns och skrivs under av leverantörer och följs upp kontinuerligt av Telia Company. Studiens frågeställningar besvarades genom utförandet av huvudsakligen två analyser. Den första analysen är en Industry Peer Benchmarking. Utifrån analysen av deras hållbarhetsprocesser inom försörjningskedjan visar resultatet att Telia Company i jämförelse har ett bra och ansvarsfullt hållbarhetsarbete på plats i sin verksamhet för att hantera risker i leverantörskedjan. I den andra delen utförs en analys på ett urval av Telia Company’s kunder för att undersöka hur bolaget uppfyller deras ställda hållbarhetskrav. Resultatet visar att bolaget möter kundernas krav på ett övergripande sätt och att krav även finns på plats för att föra vidare dessa förväntningar till underleverantörer. Tidigare studier visar även ett paradigmskifte där digitalisering och nya trender växer i samhället och påverkar kundernas medvetenhet. De åtgärder som därför föreslås till Telia Company för vidareutveckling av sina leverantörskrav är att utföra trendanalyser och marknadsanalyser kontinuerligt för att möta intressenternas krav både idag och i framtiden.